精品解析：江苏省常州市奔牛高级中学2025-2026学年高二上学期12月月考英语试题

2025-2026学年高二上学期12月学情调研 英语试卷 2025年12月 第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节：(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What are the speakers doing? A. Selecting a cupboard. B. Sorting out the clothes. C. Tidying up the storeroom. 2. What do we know about the man. A. He is highly focused. B. He is poor at multitasking. C. He is easily bothered by the TV. 3. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Print newspapers are more reliable. B. People should protect their eyesight. C. Digital news has become very popular. 4. Where are the speakers? A. In a taxi. B. In a gift shop. C. In a restaurant. 5. Why does the man complain? A. He met an unprofessional worker. B. He got the inaccurate information. C. He didn’t get a reply to his message. 第二节：(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5.分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6. What can we learn about the man and Sam? A. They get along well. B. They will do a project together. C. They have trouble working together. 7. What does the man think of Sam? A. He is mean. B. He is direct. C. He is friendly. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8. Why does Jack make the call? A. To keep an appointment. B. To confirm an appointment. C. To reschedule an appointment. 9. What will the woman do next? A. Treat Jack herself. B. Take a lunch break C. Tell Dr. Lee the emergency. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 10. What is the relationship between Janice and Mr. Franks? A. Boss and secretary. B. Deliveryman and customer. C. Sales representative and customer. 11. What problem did Mr. Franks bring up? A. A late delivery. B. A mistaken order. C. An overdue payment. 12. Who did Janice contact today? A. An IT technician. B. Mr. Franks. C. Her workmate. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 13. What does Max think is the best solution to his homesickness? A. Keeping himself busy. B. Going back home during breaks. C. Being with his family’s company. 14. What is Max’s opinion on filming underwater? A. Easy. B. Stressful. C. Boring. 15. What should an underwater film-maker be good at? A. Making predictions. B. Dealing with emergencies. C. Handling the pressure. 16. What does Max advise a would-be film-maker to do? A. Invest in the best equipment. B. Practise making films close to home. C. Travel to a place far away to make a film. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17. Why does Don want to attend the sale? A. To try to help children in need. B. To call for nature conservation. C. To attract attention to his daughter’s illness. 18. How old is James Chang now? A. 56. B. 65. C. 69. 19. Whose pictures might appeal to abstract art enthusiasts? A. Don Studley’s. B. Natalie Stevens’s. C. James Chang’s. 20. What are most of Natalie Stevens’s works about? A. Birds. B. People. C. Countries. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A In the Commonwealth Games England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland have separate Olympics teams, unlike the Olympics where they compete together as Britain. What are the Commonwealth Games? The Commonwealth Games are held every four years between members of the Commonwealth of Nations—a group of independent countries, most of which used to be part of the Britain. The Games were first held in 1930 in Hamilton, Canada. The event was named the Commonwealth Games in 1978. The history of the Commonwealth Games The Commonwealth Games have been held every four years since they started and have grown much bigger. At the first Commonwealth Games, only 11 nations and 400 athletes were involved in six sports. For a long time, the Games only included individual sports such as athletics, boxing and swimming. In 1998, team sports such as cricket, hockey and netball were introduced. The Commonwealth Games have featured many fantastic feats and the athletes have broken a wide range of records. Paralympic progress At the 2002 Manchester Commonwealth Games, Canadian athlete Chantal Petitclerc became the first athlete with a disability to win a gold medal in the wheelchair 800-meter race. She said, “It meant so much to me that the Commonwealth Games decided that a performance is a performance-and it doesn’t matter if you accomplish it in a wheelchair. Paralympic athletes continue to take part in the Commonwealth Cames’ main sports programs, and many have broken records and made history. 1. Which countries take part in the Commonwealth Games? A. Independent countries. B. Members of the Commonwealth of Nations. C. The former members of the Britain. D. All the countries from around the world. 2. How many sports were there at the first Commonwealth Games? A. 11. B. 4. C. 6. D. 400. 3. Why do Paralympic athletes compete in the Commonwealth Games? A. To make historic records. B. To enjoy sports programs with other athletes. C. To show their disabilities. D. To prove themselves with good performance. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英联邦运动会的历史以及残奥会的进展。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“In the Commonwealth Games England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland have separate Olympics teams, unlike the Olympics where they compete together as Britain. (在英联邦运动会上，英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰有各自的奥运代表队，而在奥运会上，他们是作为英国参赛。)”可知，英联邦成员国参加英联邦运动会。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“At the first Commonwealth Games, only 11 nations and 400 athletes were involved in six sports. (在第一届英联邦运动会上，只有11个国家和400名运动员参加了6个项目。)”可知，第一届英联邦运动会有6个运动项目。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Paralympic athletes continue to take part in the Commonwealth Cames’ main sports programs, and many have broken records and made history. (残奥运动员继续参加英联邦运动会的主要体育项目，许多人打破了记录，创造了历史。)”可知，残奥会运动员参加英联邦运动会是为了用好的表现来证明自己。故选D。 B While walking on the sidewalk, we often encounter small, sharp stones that we may just kick aside. Yet, to stone enthusiasts, these little rocks reveal a fascinating world. JinHuilin, 34, a member of the Nanjing Yuhua Stone Cultural Exchange Association started observing stones at the age of 23 in Nanjing, Jiangsu. He was instantly grabbed by the beauty of Yuhua stones, describing them as “exceptionally enchanting”. Nanjing Yuhua stone is a type of ornamental waterworn stone mainly found in areas like Nanjing and Yizheng. It is known for its jade-like texture, bright colors, delicate size, and rich designs. When a Yuhua stone is dry, it appears as nondescript grey, making it difficult to detect its true quality. Jin and his friends used to go to mining sites in Luhu, Nanjing, on rainy days, wearing rubber shoes to collect Yuhua stones. The rainwater brought out detailed patterns on the stones. “If it’s not raining, it’s best to carry a bottle to spray the surface of these stones with water. You can sometimes uncover agate (玛瑙) or even fossils.” Jin said. According to Jin, appreciating stones starts with their external qualities like texture, color, and patterns. However, “genuine appreciation of the cultural references of the stones requires cultural knowledge; otherwise, they might seem like mere blocks of color,” said Jin. With related cultural knowledge and imagination, people see different patterns according to the textures and shapes of stones — such as weather-beaten trees, lofty peaks, roaring waterfalls, green lotus, or aged scholars. “So, observing stones is, in a way, observing oneself. The stones a person chooses as their favorites ultimately reflect their cultural awareness.” Jin added. Apart from water appreciation in which people observe patterns of stones in the water, Jin mentioned that enthusiasts also have other ways to appreciate stones. He gave some examples. “Some people enjoy holding stones in their hand, appreciating their unique textures, or using strong light to reveal hidden patterns that are even more beautiful. Others choose to place the stone on the desk, inviting admiration from guests who appreciate the stone from various angles.” said Jin. For Jin, stone observation brings joy and freshness to his life. “Some people like to have lively pets as companions, while I prefer stones for their everlasting nature.” Jin noted. 4. Why did Jin and his friends collect stones on rainy days? A. Because rainwater made the stones easier to carry. B. Because wet stones were more valuable in the market. C. Because rainy days prevented others from collecting stones. D. Because rainwater revealed the hidden patterns of the stones. 5. What does the underlined word “nondescript” in paragraph 4 most probably mean? A. Plain. B. Shiny. C. Unique. D. Colorful. 6. What does Jin Huilin suggest about stone appreciation? A. It essentially relies on the observer’s cultural perspectives. B. It is ideally conducted among enthusiasts on social occasions. C. It specially focuses on examining rocks’ features on rainy days. D. It generally requires advanced equipment to see their true beauty. 7. Which is the best title for the passage? A. A Master of Stone Appreciation B. Observing stones, Reflecting Self C. The Art of Making Yuhua stones D. Identifying stones, Appreciating Nature 【答案】4. D 5. A 6. A 7. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了南京雨花石爱好者金慧林的寻石、赏石经历，介绍了雨花石的特点、鉴赏方法及背后的文化内涵。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Jin and his friends used to go to mining sites in Luhu, Nanjing, on rainy days, wearing rubber shoes to collect Yuhua stones. The rainwater brought out detailed patterns on the stones.(金和他的朋友们过去常在雨天穿着胶鞋去南京陆湖的矿区收集雨花石。雨水使石头上的纹理更加清晰)”可知，雨水能显现石头上的细致纹路是金和他的朋友们在雨天收集石头的原因。故选D。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段划线词nondescript前面的“When a Yuhua stone is dry(当雨花石干燥时)”和后面的“making it difficult to detect its true quality(这使得很难察觉其真正的品质)”可知，干燥时的石头难以察觉真实品质。划线词nondescript应含有“平淡的、没有特色的”之意。故选A。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“genuine appreciation of the cultural references of the stones requires cultural knowledge; otherwise, they might seem like mere blocks of color, said Jin. With related cultural knowledge and imagination, people see different patterns according to the textures and shapes of stones — such as weather-beaten trees, lofty peaks, roaring waterfalls, green lotus, or aged scholars. So, observing stones is, in a way, observing oneself. The stones a person chooses as their favorites ultimately reflect their cultural awareness.(金说，要真正欣赏石头所蕴含的文化内涵，需要具备文化知识；否则，它们可能看起来只是一块块彩色的石头。有了相关的文化知识和想象力，人们会根据石头的纹理和形状看到不同的图案，比如饱经风霜的树木、高耸的山峰、轰鸣的瀑布、绿色的莲花，或者年迈的学者。所以，赏石在某种程度上就是审视自己。一个人所钟爱的石头最终反映了他的文化意识)”可推知，金慧林强调真正的鉴赏需要文化知识，且喜欢的石头反映文化认知，即鉴赏本质依赖观察者的文化知识与认知。故选A。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。本文的第五段是核心升华段，根据该段中的“So, observing stones is, in a way, observing oneself.The stones a person chooses as their favorites ultimately reflect their cultural awareness.(所以，赏石在某种程度上就是审视自己。一个人所钟爱的石头最终反映了他的文化意识)”是主旨句，是作者通过雨花石爱好者金慧林的经历想传递的核心思想。由此可知，B项Observing stones, Reflecting Self(观石见己)与之相吻合，可作本文标题。故选B。 C “Few articles change owners more frequently than clothes. They travel downwards from grade to grade in the social scale with remarkable regularity,” wrote the journalist Adolphe Smith in 1877 as he traced a coat’s journey in the last century: cleaned, repaired and resold repeatedly; cut down into a smaller item; eventually recycled into new fabric. But with the improvement in people’s living standards, that model is mind-boggling in the era of fast fashion. The average British customer buys four items a month. And it is reported that 350,000 tonnes of used but still wearable clothes go to landfills in the UK each year. Yet the gradual revival of the second-hand trade has gathered pace in the past few years. At fashion website Asos, sales of vintage clothes (古董衫) have risen by 92%. Clothing was once worn out of necessity, and now it is simply a way of life. Busy families sell used items on eBay, teenagers trade on Depop and some fashion people offer designer labels on Vestiaire Collective. Strikingly, it has become big enough business that mainstream retailers (零售商) want a slice of the action. For some buyers and sellers, the switch to the second-hand is born of financial difficulties. Only a few have become worried about the impact of their shopping habit on the planet. But the shift is only a partial solution. Some people worry that some mainstream brands may “greenwash” — using second-hand goods to improve their image, rather than engaging more seriously with sustainability. However, the biggest concern may be that people keep buying because they know they can resell goods, still chasing the pleasure of the next purchase but with an eased conscience (愧疚). Boohoo, a powerful fast fashion company, has seen sales and profits rise, despite concerns about environmental problems in its supply chain that led to an investigation last year. A new Netflix series, Worn Stories, documents the emotional meanings that clothes can have: Each old item is full of memories. Actually, a handbag from a grandmother and a scarf passed on by a father are both valuable for us. A love of style is not a bad or an unimportant thing. But a committed relationship is better than a quick flash. Can we learn to appreciate our own old clothes as well as others’? 8. What does the word “mind-boggling” underlined in paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Unbelievable. B. Popular. C. Reasonable. D. Influential. 9. With the business mentioned in paragraph 2, the author wants to show _______. A. old clothes are more popular than new pieces B. the online second-hand markets are booming C. the fashion world begins to favor vintage clothes D. many clothing brands are innovative in their new products 10. How does the second-hand trade impact people according to paragraph 4? A. It makes people feel free to pursue fast fashion. B. It makes people more cautious about their budgets. C. It encourages people to choose eco-friendly clothes. D. It pushes people to be more engaged with sustainability. 11. Which of the following views does Worn Stories advocate? A Old items have lost favor with the public. B. Old items are worthy of being long cherished. C. Older generations attach great importance to old items. D. Older generations care about the quality of their clothes. 【答案】8. A 9. B 10. A 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了与从前反复使用衣服的模式不同，现在大家往往追逐快时尚，造成了很大浪费，不过网上二手市场正在蓬勃发展，但只有少部分人是真的认识到了自己的购物习惯对地球的影响，而且一些主流品牌有可能会借此机会来“洗绿”，很多人有可能会继续购买。文章指出，虽然追求风格无可厚非，但是学会欣赏旧衣服实际上是很有意义的。 【8题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词的上文“as he traced a coat’s journey in the last century: cleaned, repaired and resold repeatedly; cut down into a smaller item; eventually recycled into new fabric (他追溯了一件大衣在上个世纪的历程：反复清洗、修理和转售；缩为成更小件的；最终被回收制成新的织物)”可知，以前的衣服会被反复多次使用，再结合表示转折意义的“But”和划线词的下文“The average British customer buys four items a month. And it is reported that 350,000 tonnes of used but still wearable clothes go to landfills in the UK each year. (英国消费者平均每月购买四件商品。据报道，英国每年有35万吨用过但还能穿的衣服被送往垃圾填埋场)”可知，现在情况和以前不同，衣服更迭速度很快，很多衣服被浪费了。由此可知，以前衣服循环使用的模式在现在快时尚的时代是令人难以置信的，划线词意思应该与unbelievable“令人难以置信的”一致。故选A项。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“At fashion website Asos, sales of vintage clothes (古董衫) have risen by 92%. Clothing was once worn out of necessity, and now it is simply a way of life. Busy families sell used items on eBay, teenagers trade on Depop and some fashion people offer designer labels on Vestiaire Collective. Strikingly, it has become big enough business that mainstream retailers (零售商) want a slice of the action. (在时尚网站Asos，古着的销量增长了92%。衣服曾经是出于需要而穿，现在它只是一种生活方式。忙碌的家庭在eBay上出售二手物品，青少年在Depop上交易，一些时尚人士在Vestiaire Collective上出售设计师品牌。引人注目的是，它已经成为一个足够大的业务，主流零售商也想分一杯羹)”可知，网络二手交易销量增长，不同的人群在不同的平台交易二手衣服，主流零售商甚至也想参与其中。由此推知，作者是想说明网上二手市场正在蓬勃发展。故选B项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“However, the biggest concern may be that people keep buying because they know they can resell goods, still chasing the pleasure of the next purchase but with an eased conscience (愧疚). (然而，最大的担忧可能是，人们继续购买，因为他们知道他们可以转售商品，仍然在追求下一次购买的乐趣，但良心上有所放松)”可知，二手交易业务让人们有了处理已购商品的方法，解除了购买不必要衣服的愧疚感，可以继续购买衣服，即让人们可以自由地追求快时尚。故选A项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“A new Netflix series, Worn Stories, documents the emotional meanings that clothes can have: Each old item is full of memories. Actually, a handbag from a grandmother and a scarf passed on by a father are both valuable for us. (Netflix的一部新剧《旧衣往事》记录了衣服的情感含义：每一件旧衣服都充满了回忆。其实，祖母送的手提包和父亲送的围巾对我们来说都很有价值)”可知，这部剧表明旧衣服具有情感含义，充满回忆，富有价值。由此推知，它主张的是“旧东西值得长期珍藏”。故选B项。 D In a twist of modern consumer psychology, we are now comfortable injecting synthetic (人工合成的) substances into our faces, yet shy away from the thought of putting them in our mouths. While we embrace synthetics when it comes to beauty, we continue to draw the line at our lunch. Alternative proteins, from plant-based fake meat to lab-grown meat, struggle for public acceptance despite clear benefits, including far lower greenhouse gas emissions and no animal welfare issues. One explanation for this is our strange admiration for “natural” as shorthand for purity, authenticity and safety. This preference is known as the “naturalness bias” in psychology and it underlies why we draw back from “synthetic meat” even when it is less risky than industrial farming. This preference isn’t unreasonable so much as old-fashioned. For early humans, avoiding unfamiliar food was a survival tool, as a strong disgust response protected us against taking polluted food. But our instincts haven’t kept pace with innovation and what is now considered the “natural” choice may be the one carrying significant risk. If we are to meet the protein needs of a global population approaching 10 billion by mid-century, food innovation isn’t a choice, but a necessity. Livestock farming’s landuse, water consumption and emissions footprints are unsustainable at scale. Cultivated meat are viable alternatives, but consumer scepticism, fuelled by outdated beliefs, is slowing their adoption. One way forward is transparency (透明度): explaining alternative protein production processes to consumers and linking these to familiar ones like cheese-making or beer-brewing. Equally, we must be willing to break the myth that meat, as it is consumed today, is somehow “natural”. A typical supermarket pack of sausages is the result of a long process involving feed additives, genetic selection and industrial killing. If we are uncomfortable with the word “synthetic”, we might do well to consider what conventional meat production actually contains. Our bias towards the natural once kept us alive. Now it may be preventing us from embracing the very technologies that are essential to our long-term food security, environmental stability and even public health. After all, if we have welcomed synthetics into our lives and our bodies, perhaps it is time to extend that pragmatism (实用主义) to our plates. 12. What does the author mean by “a twist of modern consumer psychology”? A. People’s psychology has now become twisted and complicated. B. Psychology studies have taken a new turn in consumer research. C Alternative proteins are beneficial yet undesirable among consumers. D. Consumers hold contradictory attitudes towards synthetics in different products. 13. According to paragraphs 2 and 3, which of the following is true about the “naturalness bias”? A. It is a completely unreasonable fear of new technology. B. It has been easily overcome by recent food innovations. C. It was once a logical survival tool but may be unsuitable today. D. It protects people from significant risks in the modern food system. 14. What is a recommended approach to increasing public acceptance of alternative proteins? A. Making the unfamiliar production process more relatable. B. Focusing on balancing the flavour just like conventional meat. C. Maintaining the myth about their production to avoid public fear. D. Adapting their production process to be more industrial and efficient. 15. What is the author’s overall attitude towards alternative proteins? A. Critical. B. Neutral. C. Uncertain. D. Supportive. 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. A 15. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章指出消费者对合成物存在“自然偏好”偏见，虽接受美容中的合成物，却抗拒替代蛋白，而替代蛋白利于环保与动物福利，是未来刚需，需通过提升透明度等方式增进公众接受度。 【12题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段“In a twist of modern consumer psychology, we are now comfortable injecting synthetic substances into our faces, yet shy away from the thought of putting them in our mouths. While we embrace synthetics when it comes to beauty, we continue to draw the line at our lunch.(在现代消费者心理的转变中，我们现在敢于将人工合成的物质注射到脸上，但却不愿将它们放进嘴里。在美容方面我们欣然接受人工制品，但在饮食方面我们却始终坚守底线)”可知，作者所说的“现代消费者心理的一种扭曲”指的是消费者对不同产品中的合成材料持有相互矛盾的态度。故选D。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“For early humans, avoiding unfamiliar food was a survival tool, as a strong disgust response protected us against taking polluted food.(对于早期人类而言，避免食用陌生的食物是一种生存手段，因为强烈的厌恶反应能保护我们不食用受污染的食物)”以及第三段“But our instincts haven’t kept pace with innovation and what is now considered the “natural” choice may be the one carrying significant risk.(但我们的直觉却未能跟上创新的步伐，如今被视为“自然的”的选择，或许恰恰是风险最大的那一个)”可知，C选项“它曾经是一种有效的生存手段，但如今可能已不再适用”正确。故选C。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“One way forward is transparency: explaining alternative protein production processes to consumers and linking these to familiar ones like cheese-making or beer-brewing.(一种可行的途径是提高透明度：向消费者解释替代蛋白质的生产流程，并将其与人们熟知的诸如奶酪制作或啤酒酿造等流程相联系)”可知，提高公众对替代蛋白质接受度的推荐方法是使不为人知的生产过程更具可理解性。故选A。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Alternative proteins, from plant-based fake meat to lab-grown meat, struggle for public acceptance despite clear benefits, including far lower greenhouse gas emissions and no animal welfare issues.(从植物基人造肉到实验室培育肉等各种替代蛋白质产品，尽管具有诸多明显优势（比如温室气体排放量极低且不存在动物福利问题），但它们仍难以获得公众的认可)”可知，作者开篇指出替代蛋白的显著优势（低排放、无动物福利问题），强调其是满足未来全球蛋白需求的必要选择，批评“自然偏好”阻碍其推广，并给出提升接受度的建议。可知，作者对替代蛋白质的整体态度是支持的。故选D。 第二节：(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Breaking bad news is never an easy task. ____16____ Therefore, understanding how to break bad news effectively is essential. Before you break bad news, it is important to offer comfort to the person, if appropriate. Make the connection between the identification of the emotions and the cause, and make it clear to the recipient that you get the connection. Do this by acknowledging their response, such as “I can see that you’re really upset and angry.” or “____17____” It is equally crucial to ensure that the setting is both comfortable and private. Avoid breaking bad news in public, where the person may feel exposed and unable to process their emotions. ____18____ Turn off any distracting devices and consider having a supportive third person present if appropriate. ____19____ This allows you to avoid repetition and tailor your message according to the severity and personal relevance of the news — whether it involves the loss of a pet, a job, or a family member. Finally, breaking bad news should not end with the delivery itself. ____20____ Help the person consider what steps to take next, whether it’s planning a memorial or exploring new opportunities. Offer specific assistance, such as accompanying them somewhere or explaining what will happen next. By following these steps, you can break bad news in a way that reduces distress and helps the recipient begin to cope. A. This is clearly a terrible shock. B. Have a clear plan for follow-up support. C. I am sorry to tell you what has happened. D. Try to determine what the person already knows. E. Choose your words to avoid discomfort and privacy invasion. F. Instead, choose a quiet place with minimal chance of interruption. G. But breaking it at the wrong time or in the wrong way can be even worse. 【答案】16. G 17. A 18. F 19. D 20. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何有效地传达坏消息。 【16题详解】 上文“Breaking bad news is never an easy task.(传达坏消息从来都不是一件容易的事。)”表明了传达坏消息的难度。下文“Therefore, understanding how to break bad news effectively is essential.(因此，了解如何有效地传达坏消息是至关重要的。)”强调了了解如何有效传达坏消息的重要性。由此可知，空处应该是一个转折句，引出下文要讨论的内容，即虽然传达坏消息很难，但如果在错误的时间或以错误的方式传达，情况可能会更糟。选项G“但在错误的时间或以错误的方式传达坏消息可能会更糟”符合语境，与上文形成转折，与下文形成因果关系。故选G。 【17题详解】 上文“Make the connection between the identification of the emotions and the cause, and make it clear to the recipient that you get the connection. Do this by acknowledging their response, such as “I can see that you’re really upset and angry.” (将情绪的识别与原因联系起来，并让接受者清楚你理解这种联系。通过承认他们的反应来做到这一点，比如“我能看出你真的很沮丧和生气。”)”描述了如何通过承认对方的反应来建立联系，并给出了一个例子。由此可知，空处应该是一个与上文例子相似的句子，用于进一步说明如何承认对方的反应。选项A“这显然是一个可怕的打击”符合语境，与上文例子形成并列关系，都是对对方反应的承认和描述。故选A。 【18题详解】 上文“Avoid breaking bad news in public, where the person may feel exposed and unable to process their emotions.(避免在公共场合传达坏消息，因为在那里，这个人可能会感到暴露，无法处理自己的情绪。)”强调了避免在公共场合传达坏消息的重要性。下文“Turn off any distracting devices and consider having a supportive third person present if appropriate.(关掉任何分散注意力的设备，并在适当的情况下考虑让一个支持性的第三者在场。)”给出了在传达坏消息时应该采取的一些具体措施。由此可知，空处应该是一个过渡句，引出下文要讨论的传达坏消息的合适场所和措施。选项F“相反，选择一个安静的地方，尽量减少被打断的机会”符合语境，与上文形成对比，强调了选择合适场所的重要性，并与下文措施形成呼应。故选F。 【19题详解】 下文“This allows you to avoid repetition and tailor your message according to the severity and personal relevance of the news — whether it involves the loss of a pet, a job, or a family member.(这可以让你避免重复，并根据消息的严重程度和个人相关性来调整你的信息——无论它涉及失去宠物、工作还是家庭成员”，这句话描述了根据消息的严重程度和个人相关性来调整信息的好处。)”可知，空处应该是一个引出下文要讨论的内容的句子，即要弄清楚对方已经知道了什么，以便根据消息的严重程度和个人相关性来调整信息。选项D“试着弄清楚这个人已经知道了什么”符合语境，与下文形成呼应。故选D。 【20题详解】 上文“Finally, breaking bad news should not end with the delivery itself.(最后，传达坏消息不应该以传达本身结束。)”强调了传达坏消息后还需要进行后续的支持和帮助。下文“Help the person consider what steps to take next, whether it’s planning a memorial or exploring new opportunities. Offer specific assistance, such as accompanying them somewhere or explaining what will happen next.(帮助这个人考虑下一步要采取什么措施，无论是计划纪念活动还是探索新的机会。提供具体的帮助，比如陪他们去某个地方或解释接下来会发生什么。)”给出了传达坏消息后应该采取的具体措施。由此可知，空处应该是一个引出下文要讨论的后续支持和帮助的句子。选项B“对后续支持要有明确的计划”符合语境，与上文形成呼应，强调了后续支持和帮助的重要性，并与下文措施形成对应关系。故选B。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 “I’ve met an old lady,” I eagerly told my parents on one of our daily phone. I volunteered to start a knitting club at a care home for the ____21____ in north London. I didn’t realize it would be the start of a close ____22____, where our ages ____23____ sharply. From the beginning, I never felt that Edith and I lacked ____24____. I was amazed that Edith, at 110, could talk with me about anything, and that her ____25____ stretched back so easily, ____26____ even small things that took place 100 years ago. When I first met Edith, I was ____27____ by her intelligence and vitality. Her doctor’s degree from the University of Vienna told me about this. As a child, she loved to skate on the lake in winters, but in her later years she adored the summer, ____28____ her physical conditions. Although from her nineties, she was ____29____ to a wheelchair, she participated in the exercise classes. Over the years of visiting Edith, I understood how Edith valued the ____30____ of people above everything else and material possessions, which was a reminder of how we should ____31____ our lives. Death at 111 is not unexpected, but I still feel that something is ____32____ from my life. I feel very fortunate to have formed such a ____33____ bond with a remarkable lady, from whom I learn to take the words of ____34____. I appreciate nothing more than the opportunity to regain new ____35____ into life. 21. A. lonely B. elderly C. disabled D. deserted 22. A. friendship B. cooperation C. encounter D. competition 23. A. switched B. contracted C. contrasted D. identified 24. A. adaptation B. commitment C. conversation D. attention 25. A. memory B. organ C. anxiety D. manner 26. A. explaining B. recalling C. forgetting D. expecting 27. A. confused B. urged C. denied D. struck 28. A. calling on B. allowing for C. sorting out D. beating down 29. A. devoted B. admitted C. restricted D. addicted 30. A. company B. discipline C. resolution D. departure 31. A. follow B. tackle C. restore D. engage 32. A. arising B. ranging C. missing D. suffering 33. A. racial B. diverse C. visible D. special 34. A. complaint B. praise C. gratitude D. wisdom 35. A. insights B. comparison C. investment D. remarks 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. C 33. D 34. D 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在伦敦北部一家养老院志愿组织针织俱乐部时，与一位110岁高龄的老妇人建立了深厚的友谊的故事。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我自愿在伦敦北部的一家养老院成立了一个针织俱乐部。A. lonely孤独的；B. elderly年老的；C. disabled残疾的；D. deserted被抛弃的。根据下文“I was amazed that Edith, at 110, could talk with me about anything”可知，110岁的伊迪丝可以和作者谈论任何事情，所以此处表示作者为老年人成立了一个针织俱乐部。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我没有意识到这将是一段亲密友谊的开始，在这段友谊中，我们的年龄形成了鲜明的对比。A. friendship友谊；B. cooperation合作；C. encounter偶遇；D. competition比赛。根据下文“I feel very fortunate to have formed such a ____13____ bond with a remarkable lady, from whom I learn to take the words of ____14____.”可知，作者感到非常幸运能与一位杰出的女士建立如此特殊的关系，所以此处表示作者与这位老人有一段亲密的友谊。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没有意识到这将是一段亲密友谊的开始，在这段友谊中，我们的年龄形成了鲜明的对比。A. switched转换；B. contracted订契约；C. contrasted比较，对比；D. identified确认。根据下文“I was amazed that Edith, at 110, could talk with me about anything,”以及常识可知，伊迪丝已经110岁，所以此处表示伊迪丝和作者的年龄形成了鲜明的对比。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：从一开始，我就没觉得伊迪丝和我缺少交流。A. adaptation适应；B. commitment奉献；C. conversation对话；D. attention注意力。根据下文“I was amazed that Edith, at 110, could talk with me about anything,”可知，伊迪丝可以和作者谈论任何事，此处表示伊迪丝和作者不缺少交流。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，110岁的伊迪丝可以和我谈论任何事情，她的记忆很容易恢复，甚至可以回忆起100年前发生的小事。A. memory记忆；B. organ器官；C. anxiety焦虑；D. manner方式。根据下文“even small things that took place 100 years ago”可知，此处表示伊迪丝还可以回忆起100年前的小事，所以此处表示她的记忆很容易恢复。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，110岁的伊迪丝可以和我谈论任何事情，她的记忆很容易恢复，甚至可以回忆起100年前发生的小事。A. explaining解释；B. recalling回忆；C. forgetting忘记；D. expecting期盼。根据下文“even small things that took place 100 years ago”以及语境可知，此处表示伊迪丝甚至可以回忆起100年前发生的小事。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我第一次见到伊迪丝时，她的聪明和活力使我触动。A. confused使困惑，迷惑；B. urged催促；C. denied否认；D. struck突然想到。根据下文“Her doctor’s degree from the University of Vienna told me about this. As a child, she loved to skate on the lake in winters, but in her later years she adored the summer, ____8____ her physical conditions.”可知，伊迪丝已经110岁，仍然很有活力，所以此处表示伊迪丝的聪明和活力使作者触动，be struck by为固定短语，意思为：被触动。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：小时候，她喜欢冬天在湖上滑冰，但在晚年，考虑到她的身体状况，她喜欢夏天。A. calling on呼吁；B. allowing for考虑到；C. sorting out分类；D. beating down猛烈照射。根据上文“but in her later years she adored the summer”可知，在晚年，她喜欢夏天，这是考虑到她的身体状况。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管从90多岁开始，她就只能坐轮椅了，但她还是参加了健身班。A. devoted奉献；B. admitted允许进入，承认；C. restricted限制；D. addicted上瘾。根据下文“but in her later years she adored the summer, ____8____ her physical conditions.”以及语境可知，由于身体状况，从90多岁开始，伊迪丝被限制在轮椅上。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在拜访伊迪丝的这些年里，我明白了伊迪丝是如何将与人相处置于一切和物质财富之上的，这提醒了我们应该如何参与我们的生活。A. company陪伴；B. discipline纪律；C. resolution决心；D. departure出发。根据下文“of people above everything else and material possessions, which was a reminder of how we should  our lives.”可知，此处表示伊迪丝重视人们的陪伴，这提醒了我们应该如何参与生活。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在拜访伊迪丝的这些年里，我明白了伊迪丝是如何将与人相处置于一切和物质财富之上的，这提醒了我们应该如何参与我们的生活。A. follow跟随；B. tackle处理；C. restore恢复；D. engage开始从事。根据上文“Although from her nineties, she was ____9____ to a wheelchair, she participated in the exercise classes.”可知，尽管从90多岁开始，伊迪丝只能坐轮椅了，但她还是参加了健身班，这提醒了我们应该如何参与生活。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查动词，形容词词义辨析。句意：111岁去世并不意外，但我仍然觉得我的生活中缺少了一些东西。A. arising出现；B. ranging变化；C. missing丢失；D. suffering遭受。根据上文“Death at 111 is not unexpected”可知，111岁去世并不意外，伊迪丝去世，所以作者感觉自己的生活中缺少了一些东西。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感到非常幸运，能与一位杰出的女士建立如此特殊的关系，从她那里我学会了智慧的话语。A. racial种族的；B. diverse多种多样的；C. visible看得见的；D. special特殊的。根据下文“I appreciate nothing more than the opportunity to regain new ____15____ into life.”可知，作者最感激的是能与一位杰出的女士建立如此特殊的关系。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我感到非常幸运，能与一位杰出女士建立如此特殊的关系，从她那里我学会了智慧的话语。A. complaint抱怨；B. praise夸奖；C. gratitude感激；D. wisdom智慧。根据上文“I understood how Edith valued the  ____10____of people above everything else and material possessions, which was a reminder of how we should  ____11____ our lives.”可知，作者从伊迪丝那里学会了老人的智慧。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最感激的是有机会重新获得对生活的新见解。A. insights洞察力，深刻见解；B. comparison比较；C. investment投资；D. remarks言论。根据上文“I feel very fortunate to have formed such a ____13____ bond with a remarkable lady, from whom I learn to take the words of ____14____.”可知，作者与一位杰出的女士建立如此特殊的关系，从她那里学会了智慧之语，推测此处表示作者对生活有了新的见解。故选A。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 About 5,000 years ago, to escape the cold weather, the ancestors of the Liangzhu people settled around the Taihu region ____36____ they built a city, making ____37____ both the center of their culture and spiritual belief. The Liangzhu ancient city was composed of the palace zone, the inner city and the outer city, and there ____38____ (exist) the City Wall serving as a boundary between the inner and the outer. It had nine gates, with one for pedestrians and the ____39____ (remain) eight water gates for travelers from the canal. A complex multi-functional water management system was constructed on the northwest outskirts of the ancient city. Taking advantage of the natural terrain (地势), the system connected numerous valleys, ____40____ (adjust) river levels, dredging floods and providing security for the ancient city, its water transportation and daily water needs. Jade (玉) ____41____ (refer) to as a significant material embodiment (具体化) of the Liangzhu Culture. There were different patterns and styles of jade, with abundant meanings ____42____ (symbolic) attached to them, such as distinguishing identities and showing social statuses. In 1936, the remains of the Liangzhu ancient City were found ____43____ chance and the City was gradually brought to light. Now the unearthed ruins have gained the global ____44____ (recognize) and workers on the Liangzhu site are committed to combining modern technology with novel cultural creativity ____45____ (reconstruct) the ancient Liangzhu Culture. 【答案】36. where 37. it 38. existed 39. remaining 40. adjusting 41. was referred 42. symbolically 43. by 44. recognition 45. to reconstruct 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了良渚古城遗迹的相关情况。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：大约5000年前，为了躲避寒冷的天气，良渚人的祖先在太湖地区定居，并在那里建造了一座城市，使其成为他们的文化和精神信仰的中心。分析句式结构可知，此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是the Taihu region，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 【37题详解】 考查代词。句意：同上。分析句式结构可知，此处用代词it指代上文的the Taihu region，作making的宾语。故填it。 【38题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：良渚古城由宫殿区、内城和外城组成，并有城墙作为内城和外城的边界。分析句式结构可知，此处是and连接的两个并列句，根据前面的was可知，本句时态用一般过去时。故填existed。 【39题详解】 考查形容词。句意：它有九个门，一个为行人，剩下的八个水门为来自运河的旅行者。分析句式结构可知，此处修饰名词eight water gates，应用形容词remaining“剩下的”，作定语。故填remaining。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：利用自然地形，该系统连接了众多山谷，调节河流水位，疏浚洪水，为古城及其水运和日常用水需求提供安全保障。分析句式结构可知，此处与下文的dredging和providing是并列成分，应用现在分词，作状语。故填adjusting。 【41题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：玉被认为是良渚文化重要物质体现。根据下文的were可知，本句时态为一般过去时，又因为提示词refer和主语Jade之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，be动词使用was。故填was referred。 【42题详解】 考查副词。句意：句意：玉的图案和样式各异，具有丰富的象征意义，如区分身份和显示社会地位。分析句式结构可知，此处修饰动词attached，应用副词symbolically“象征性地”，作状语。故填symbolically。 【43题详解】 考查介词。句意：句意：1936年，良渚古城的遗迹被偶然发现，良渚古城逐渐被世人所知。根据空格后的chance可知，此处用介词by，构成固定搭配by chance表示“偶然地”。故填by。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：句意：如今，良渚遗址的出土得到了全球的认可，良渚遗址的工作人员正致力于将现代技术与新颖的文化创意相结合，重建古老的良渚文化。根据空格前的形容词global可知，形容词应该修饰名词，所以空格处用提示词的名词形式。故填recognition。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句式结构可知，此处用非谓语动词作状语，在分析句意，此处表目的，应用动词不定式，作目的状语。故填to reconstruct。 第四部分 写作(共两节;满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Mike最近深受肥胖问题的困扰，在犹豫是通过运动还是药物方式减肥，在经过一番分析比较后请你给他写一封电子邮件，包含以下内容： 1)你的建议； 2)说明理由。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 开头、结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Mike, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Mike, I’m sorry to hear you’re troubled by obesity and confused about losing weight. Honestly, I strongly suggest you choose exercise over medicine. Firstly, exercise is healthier and safer, with no side effects that medicine may bring. Secondly, it not only helps reduce weight but also builds up your body and keeps you energetic. It can also keep your mind clear and improve your daily study and work efficiency. Besides, sticking to exercise can develop a good habit, which benefits you long-term. Don’t hesitate to take action. I believe you’ll make it. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份，给深受肥胖困扰、纠结运动或药物减肥的英国朋友Mike写电子邮件，给出减肥建议并说明理由。 【详解】1.词汇积累 困扰：trouble → bother 减肥：lose weight → slim down 养成习惯：develop a habit → form a habit 长期地：long-term → in the long run 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：Secondly, it not only helps reduce weight but also builds up your body and keeps you energetic. 拓展句：Secondly, not only does it help reduce weight, but it also builds up your body and keeps you energetic. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Honestly, I strongly suggest you choose exercise over medicine.(运用了省略that的宾语从句和虚拟语气) 【高分句型2】Besides, sticking to exercise can develop a good habit, which benefits you long-term.(运用了动名词短语sticking to exercise作主语和which引导的非限制性定语从句) 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My writing career started when I was in elementary school, where there were various writing contests throughout the years. I’m assuming it was in the hopes of trying to get our young, little minds excited about the possibilities that writing could offer us in our lives. Then I’d come home, show my parents and my dad would say, “You did such a great job, honey! Wow, you must be a great writer!” I was probably a better writer in 5th grade than my average counterparts (同等的人) at the time. I even went to the special advanced classes for the “gifted” kids for a few years. And as I grew older, I remembered those experiences and what my dad was always telling me, and it just stuck with me, and became part of my subconscious (潜意识) — that I was a great writer. I always did well in all my classes because I had this confidence. I didn’t like all subjects particularly. but I got good grades. I was pretty self-assured in my abilities as a student. Then, fast forward to my freshman year of high school. By this time, I had started to even out (相等) with the rest of my peers, in terms of intelligence. And then, it happened, the day that my hopes were destroyed. It was all because of the new English teacher: Ms. Moon. The year started out like any other. I expected to do well; I worked hard and knew that my efforts would pay off, like it always had in the past. But something started happening. I started getting Cs on my papers! I don’t think I’d ever seen that letter, except in the spelling of my first name. And, not only was I getting low grades in her class, but also her comments made me astonished. My papers were full of red marks, and I was being asked to re-do many assignments to even get a passing grade. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 One day, Ms. Moon handed my paper to me and whispered, “It’s still not good enough.” ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ My efforts paid off and very soon it was time for my final exam result. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: One day, Ms. Moon handed my paper to me and whispered, “It’s still not good enough.” I stared at Ms. Moon in disbelief, her words crashing over me like a tidal wave. My confidence began to crumble, and it was as if all those years of praise and encouragement from my dad had been a lie. Unable to confront Ms. Moon, I slumped back to my seat. My mind was clouded with self-doubt. With the approaching final exam, I knew I had to pull myself together and stick to it persistently, for the sake of proving to myself that I could face this challenge. My efforts paid off and very soon it was time for my final exam result. When I nervously waited for my result, I became lost in thought. Finally, Ms. Moon handed me my exam paper, and her expression was unreadable. What amazed me was that the paper was filled with praise. Ms. Moon smiled and said, “That was beyond my expectations. Well done.” A mixture of confusion and relief flooded over me. From that day on, I changed my attitude toward her. Although she may have been the “worst” English teacher in my eyes, I now know that her tough love was exactly what I needed. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者从小接受父亲的鼓励，认为自己是伟大的家。结果上了高中，老师却说作者的作文不够好，这打击了作者。作者信心开始崩溃，似乎父亲多年来的表扬和鼓励都是一个谎言。作者虽然心中充满了自我怀疑，但还是振作了起来，最终得到了老师的认可。 【详解】段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“一天，Moon老师把我的试卷递给我，小声说：“还是不够好。””可知，第一段可描写作者听到老师评价的感受。 ②由第二段首句内容“我的努力得到了回报，很快就到了公布期末考试成绩的时候了。”可知，第二段可描写作者期末的表现以及老师的评价。 续写线索：评价不够好——作者自我怀疑——振作——期末考试成绩公布——得到认可——作者感悟 词汇激活 行类 ①面对：confront/face ②充满：be clouded with/be filled with ③淹没：flood over/overwhelm 情绪类 ①怀疑：disbelief/suspicion ②赞美：praise/compliment 【点睛】【高分句型1】My confidence began to crumble, and it was as if all those years of praise and encouragement from my dad had been a lie.（运用了as if引导的表语从句） 【高分句型2】When I nervously waited for my result, I became lost in thought. （运用了when引导时间状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年高二上学期12月学情调研 英语试卷 2025年12月 第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节：(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What are the speakers doing? A. Selecting a cupboard. B. Sorting out the clothes. C. Tidying up the storeroom. 2. What do we know about the man. A. He is highly focused. B. He is poor at multitasking. C. He is easily bothered by the TV. 3. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Print newspapers are more reliable. B. People should protect their eyesight. C. Digital news has become very popular. 4. Where are the speakers? A. In a taxi. B. In a gift shop. C. In a restaurant. 5. Why does the man complain? A. He met an unprofessional worker. B. He got the inaccurate information. C. He didn’t get a reply to his message. 第二节：(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5.分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6. What can we learn about the man and Sam? A. They get along well. B. They will do a project together. C They have trouble working together. 7. What does the man think of Sam? A. He is mean. B. He is direct. C. He is friendly. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8. Why does Jack make the call? A. To keep an appointment. B. To confirm an appointment. C. To reschedule an appointment. 9. What will the woman do next? A. Treat Jack herself. B. Take a lunch break C. Tell Dr. Lee the emergency. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 10. What is the relationship between Janice and Mr. Franks? A. Boss and secretary. B. Deliveryman and customer. C. Sales representative and customer. 11. What problem did Mr. Franks bring up? A. A late delivery. B. A mistaken order. C. An overdue payment. 12. Who did Janice contact today? A. An IT technician. B. Mr. Franks. C. Her workmate. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 13. What does Max think is the best solution to his homesickness? A. Keeping himself busy. B. Going back home during breaks. C. Being with his family’s company. 14. What is Max’s opinion on filming underwater? A. Easy. B. Stressful. C. Boring. 15. What should an underwater film-maker be good at? A. Making predictions. B. Dealing with emergencies. C. Handling the pressure. 16. What does Max advise a would-be film-maker to do? A. Invest in the best equipment. B. Practise making films close to home. C. Travel to a place far away to make a film. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17. Why does Don want to attend the sale? A. To try to help children in need. B. To call for nature conservation. C. To attract attention to his daughter’s illness. 18. How old is James Chang now? A 56. B. 65. C. 69. 19. Whose pictures might appeal to abstract art enthusiasts? A. Don Studley’s. B. Natalie Stevens’s. C. James Chang’s. 20. What are most of Natalie Stevens’s works about? A. Birds. B. People. C. Countries. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A In the Commonwealth Games England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland have separate Olympics teams, unlike the Olympics where they compete together as Britain. What are the Commonwealth Games? The Commonwealth Games are held every four years between members of the Commonwealth of Nations—a group of independent countries, most of which used to be part of the Britain. The Games were first held in 1930 in Hamilton, Canada. The event was named the Commonwealth Games in 1978. The history of the Commonwealth Games The Commonwealth Games have been held every four years since they started and have grown much bigger. At the first Commonwealth Games, only 11 nations and 400 athletes were involved in six sports. For a long time, the Games only included individual sports such as athletics, boxing and swimming. In 1998, team sports such as cricket, hockey and netball were introduced. The Commonwealth Games have featured many fantastic feats and the athletes have broken a wide range of records. Paralympic progress At the 2002 Manchester Commonwealth Games, Canadian athlete Chantal Petitclerc became the first athlete with a disability to win a gold medal in the wheelchair 800-meter race. She said, “It meant so much to me that the Commonwealth Games decided that a performance is a performance-and it doesn’t matter if you accomplish it in a wheelchair. Paralympic athletes continue to take part in the Commonwealth Cames’ main sports programs, and many have broken records and made history. 1. Which countries take part in the Commonwealth Games? A. Independent countries. B. Members of the Commonwealth of Nations. C. The former members of the Britain. D. All the countries from around the world. 2. How many sports were there at the first Commonwealth Games? A. 11. B. 4. C. 6. D. 400. 3. Why do Paralympic athletes compete in the Commonwealth Games? A. To make historic records. B. To enjoy sports programs with other athletes. C. To show their disabilities. D. To prove themselves with good performance. B While walking on the sidewalk, we often encounter small, sharp stones that we may just kick aside. Yet, to stone enthusiasts, these little rocks reveal a fascinating world. JinHuilin, 34, a member of the Nanjing Yuhua Stone Cultural Exchange Association started observing stones at the age of 23 in Nanjing, Jiangsu. He was instantly grabbed by the beauty of Yuhua stones, describing them as “exceptionally enchanting”. Nanjing Yuhua stone is a type of ornamental waterworn stone mainly found in areas like Nanjing and Yizheng. It is known for its jade-like texture, bright colors, delicate size, and rich designs. When a Yuhua stone is dry, it appears as nondescript grey, making it difficult to detect its true quality. Jin and his friends used to go to mining sites in Luhu, Nanjing, on rainy days, wearing rubber shoes to collect Yuhua stones. The rainwater brought out detailed patterns on the stones. “If it’s not raining, it’s best to carry a bottle to spray the surface of these stones with water. You can sometimes uncover agate (玛瑙) or even fossils.” Jin said. According to Jin, appreciating stones starts with their external qualities like texture, color, and patterns. However, “genuine appreciation of the cultural references of the stones requires cultural knowledge; otherwise, they might seem like mere blocks of color,” said Jin. With related cultural knowledge and imagination, people see different patterns according to the textures and shapes of stones — such as weather-beaten trees, lofty peaks, roaring waterfalls, green lotus, or aged scholars. “So, observing stones is, in a way, observing oneself. The stones a person chooses as their favorites ultimately reflect their cultural awareness.” Jin added. Apart from water appreciation in which people observe patterns of stones in the water, Jin mentioned that enthusiasts also have other ways to appreciate stones. He gave some examples. “Some people enjoy holding stones in their hand, appreciating their unique textures, or using strong light to reveal hidden patterns that are even more beautiful. Others choose to place the stone on the desk, inviting admiration from guests who appreciate the stone from various angles.” said Jin. For Jin, stone observation brings joy and freshness to his life. “Some people like to have lively pets as companions, while I prefer stones for their everlasting nature.” Jin noted. 4. Why did Jin and his friends collect stones on rainy days? A. Because rainwater made the stones easier to carry. B. Because wet stones were more valuable in the market. C. Because rainy days prevented others from collecting stones. D. Because rainwater revealed the hidden patterns of the stones. 5. What does the underlined word “nondescript” in paragraph 4 most probably mean? A. Plain. B. Shiny. C. Unique. D. Colorful. 6. What does Jin Huilin suggest about stone appreciation? A. It essentially relies on the observer’s cultural perspectives. B. It is ideally conducted among enthusiasts on social occasions. C. It specially focuses on examining rocks’ features on rainy days. D. It generally requires advanced equipment to see their true beauty. 7. Which is the best title for the passage? A. A Master of Stone Appreciation B. Observing stones, Reflecting Self C. The Art of Making Yuhua stones D. Identifying stones, Appreciating Nature C “Few articles change owners more frequently than clothes. They travel downwards from grade to grade in the social scale with remarkable regularity,” wrote the journalist Adolphe Smith in 1877 as he traced a coat’s journey in the last century: cleaned, repaired and resold repeatedly; cut down into a smaller item; eventually recycled into new fabric. But with the improvement in people’s living standards, that model is mind-boggling in the era of fast fashion. The average British customer buys four items a month. And it is reported that 350,000 tonnes of used but still wearable clothes go to landfills in the UK each year. Yet the gradual revival of the second-hand trade has gathered pace in the past few years. At fashion website Asos, sales of vintage clothes (古董衫) have risen by 92%. Clothing was once worn out of necessity, and now it is simply a way of life. Busy families sell used items on eBay, teenagers trade on Depop and some fashion people offer designer labels on Vestiaire Collective. Strikingly, it has become big enough business that mainstream retailers (零售商) want a slice of the action. For some buyers and sellers, the switch to the second-hand is born of financial difficulties. Only a few have become worried about the impact of their shopping habit on the planet. But the shift is only a partial solution. Some people worry that some mainstream brands may “greenwash” — using second-hand goods to improve their image, rather than engaging more seriously with sustainability. However, the biggest concern may be that people keep buying because they know they can resell goods, still chasing the pleasure of the next purchase but with an eased conscience (愧疚). Boohoo, a powerful fast fashion company, has seen sales and profits rise, despite concerns about environmental problems in its supply chain that led to an investigation last year. A new Netflix series, Worn Stories, documents the emotional meanings that clothes can have: Each old item is full of memories. Actually, a handbag from a grandmother and a scarf passed on by a father are both valuable for us. A love of style is not a bad or an unimportant thing. But a committed relationship is better than a quick flash. Can we learn to appreciate our own old clothes as well as others’? 8. What does the word “mind-boggling” underlined in paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Unbelievable. B. Popular. C. Reasonable. D. Influential. 9. With the business mentioned in paragraph 2, the author wants to show _______. A. old clothes are more popular than new pieces B. the online second-hand markets are booming C. the fashion world begins to favor vintage clothes D. many clothing brands are innovative in their new products 10. How does the second-hand trade impact people according to paragraph 4? A. It makes people feel free to pursue fast fashion. B. It makes people more cautious about their budgets. C. It encourages people to choose eco-friendly clothes. D. It pushes people to be more engaged with sustainability. 11. Which of the following views does Worn Stories advocate? A. Old items have lost favor with the public. B. Old items are worthy of being long cherished. C. Older generations attach great importance to old items. D. Older generations care about the quality of their clothes. D In a twist of modern consumer psychology, we are now comfortable injecting synthetic (人工合成的) substances into our faces, yet shy away from the thought of putting them in our mouths. While we embrace synthetics when it comes to beauty, we continue to draw the line at our lunch. Alternative proteins, from plant-based fake meat to lab-grown meat, struggle for public acceptance despite clear benefits, including far lower greenhouse gas emissions and no animal welfare issues. One explanation for this is our strange admiration for “natural” as shorthand for purity, authenticity and safety. This preference is known as the “naturalness bias” in psychology and it underlies why we draw back from “synthetic meat” even when it is less risky than industrial farming. This preference isn’t unreasonable so much as old-fashioned. For early humans, avoiding unfamiliar food was a survival tool, as a strong disgust response protected us against taking polluted food. But our instincts haven’t kept pace with innovation and what is now considered the “natural” choice may be the one carrying significant risk. If we are to meet the protein needs of a global population approaching 10 billion by mid-century, food innovation isn’t a choice, but a necessity. Livestock farming’s landuse, water consumption and emissions footprints are unsustainable at scale. Cultivated meat are viable alternatives, but consumer scepticism, fuelled by outdated beliefs, is slowing their adoption. One way forward is transparency (透明度): explaining alternative protein production processes to consumers and linking these to familiar ones like cheese-making or beer-brewing. Equally, we must be willing to break the myth that meat, as it is consumed today, is somehow “natural”. A typical supermarket pack of sausages is the result of a long process involving feed additives, genetic selection and industrial killing. If we are uncomfortable with the word “synthetic”, we might do well to consider what conventional meat production actually contains. Our bias towards the natural once kept us alive. Now it may be preventing us from embracing the very technologies that are essential to our long-term food security, environmental stability and even public health. After all, if we have welcomed synthetics into our lives and our bodies, perhaps it is time to extend that pragmatism (实用主义) to our plates. 12. What does the author mean by “a twist of modern consumer psychology”? A. People’s psychology has now become twisted and complicated. B. Psychology studies have taken a new turn in consumer research. C. Alternative proteins are beneficial yet undesirable among consumers. D. Consumers hold contradictory attitudes towards synthetics in different products. 13. According to paragraphs 2 and 3, which of the following is true about the “naturalness bias”? A. It is a completely unreasonable fear of new technology. B. It has been easily overcome by recent food innovations. C. It was once a logical survival tool but may be unsuitable today. D. It protects people from significant risks in the modern food system. 14. What is a recommended approach to increasing public acceptance of alternative proteins? A Making the unfamiliar production process more relatable. B. Focusing on balancing the flavour just like conventional meat. C. Maintaining the myth about their production to avoid public fear. D. Adapting their production process to be more industrial and efficient. 15. What is the author’s overall attitude towards alternative proteins? A. Critical. B. Neutral. C. Uncertain. D. Supportive. 第二节：(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Breaking bad news is never an easy task. ____16____ Therefore, understanding how to break bad news effectively is essential. Before you break bad news, it is important to offer comfort to the person, if appropriate. Make the connection between the identification of the emotions and the cause, and make it clear to the recipient that you get the connection. Do this by acknowledging their response, such as “I can see that you’re really upset and angry.” or “____17____” It is equally crucial to ensure that the setting is both comfortable and private. Avoid breaking bad news in public, where the person may feel exposed and unable to process their emotions. ____18____ Turn off any distracting devices and consider having a supportive third person present if appropriate. ____19____ This allows you to avoid repetition and tailor your message according to the severity and personal relevance of the news — whether it involves the loss of a pet, a job, or a family member. Finally, breaking bad news should not end with the delivery itself. ____20____ Help the person consider what steps to take next, whether it’s planning a memorial or exploring new opportunities. Offer specific assistance, such as accompanying them somewhere or explaining what will happen next. By following these steps, you can break bad news in a way that reduces distress and helps the recipient begin to cope. A. This is clearly a terrible shock. B. Have a clear plan for follow-up support. C. I am sorry to tell you what has happened. D. Try to determine what the person already knows. E. Choose your words to avoid discomfort and privacy invasion. F. Instead, choose a quiet place with minimal chance of interruption. G. But breaking it at the wrong time or in the wrong way can be even worse. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 “I’ve met an old lady,” I eagerly told my parents on one of our daily phone. I volunteered to start a knitting club at a care home for the ____21____ in north London. I didn’t realize it would be the start of a close ____22____, where our ages ____23____ sharply. From the beginning, I never felt that Edith and I lacked ____24____. I was amazed that Edith, at 110, could talk with me about anything, and that her ____25____ stretched back so easily, ____26____ even small things that took place 100 years ago. When I first met Edith, I was ____27____ by her intelligence and vitality. Her doctor’s degree from the University of Vienna told me about this. As a child, she loved to skate on the lake in winters, but in her later years she adored the summer, ____28____ her physical conditions. Although from her nineties, she was ____29____ to a wheelchair, she participated in the exercise classes. Over the years of visiting Edith, I understood how Edith valued the ____30____ of people above everything else and material possessions, which was a reminder of how we should ____31____ our lives. Death at 111 is not unexpected, but I still feel that something is ____32____ from my life. I feel very fortunate to have formed such a ____33____ bond with a remarkable lady, from whom I learn to take the words of ____34____. I appreciate nothing more than the opportunity to regain new ____35____ into life. 21. A. lonely B. elderly C. disabled D. deserted 22. A. friendship B. cooperation C. encounter D. competition 23. A. switched B. contracted C. contrasted D. identified 24. A. adaptation B. commitment C. conversation D. attention 25. A. memory B. organ C. anxiety D. manner 26. A. explaining B. recalling C. forgetting D. expecting 27. A. confused B. urged C. denied D. struck 28. A. calling on B. allowing for C. sorting out D. beating down 29. A. devoted B. admitted C. restricted D. addicted 30. A. company B. discipline C. resolution D. departure 31. A. follow B. tackle C. restore D. engage 32. A. arising B. ranging C. missing D. suffering 33. A. racial B. diverse C. visible D. special 34. A. complaint B. praise C. gratitude D. wisdom 35. A. insights B. comparison C. investment D. remarks 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 About 5000 years ago, to escape the cold weather, the ancestors of the Liangzhu people settled around the Taihu region ____36____ they built a city, making ____37____ both the center of their culture and spiritual belief. The Liangzhu ancient city was composed of the palace zone the inner city and the outer city, and there ____38____ (exist) the City Wall serving as a boundary between the inner and the outer. It had nine gates, with one for pedestrians and the ____39____ (remain) eight water gates for travelers from the canal. A complex multi-functional water management system was constructed on the northwest outskirts of the ancient city. Taking advantage of the natural terrain (地势), the system connected numerous valleys, ____40____ (adjust) river levels, dredging floods and providing security for the ancient city, its water transportation and daily water needs. Jade (玉) ____41____ (refer) to as a significant material embodiment (具体化) of the Liangzhu Culture. There were different patterns and styles of jade, with abundant meanings ____42____ (symbolic) attached to them, such as distinguishing identities and showing social statuses. In 1936, the remains of the Liangzhu ancient City were found ____43____ chance and the City was gradually brought to light. Now the unearthed ruins have gained the global ____44____ (recognize) and workers on the Liangzhu site are committed to combining modern technology with novel cultural creativity ____45____ (reconstruct) the ancient Liangzhu Culture. 第四部分 写作(共两节;满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Mike最近深受肥胖问题的困扰，在犹豫是通过运动还是药物方式减肥，在经过一番分析比较后请你给他写一封电子邮件，包含以下内容： 1)你的建议； 2)说明理由。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 开头、结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Mike, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My writing career started when I was in elementary school, where there were various writing contests throughout the years. I’m assuming it was in the hopes of trying to get our young, little minds excited about the possibilities that writing could offer us in our lives. Then I’d come home, show my parents and my dad would say, “You did such a great job, honey! Wow, you must be a great writer!” I was probably a better writer in 5th grade than my average counterparts (同等的人) at the time. I even went to the special advanced classes for the “gifted” kids for a few years. And as I grew older, I remembered those experiences and what my dad was always telling me, and it just stuck with me, and became part of my subconscious (潜意识) — that I was a great writer. I always did well in all my classes because I had this confidence. I didn’t like all subjects particularly. but I got good grades. I was pretty self-assured in my abilities as a student. Then, fast forward to my freshman year of high school. By this time, I had started to even out (相等) with the rest of my peers, in terms of intelligence. And then, it happened, the day that my hopes were destroyed. It was all because of the new English teacher: Ms. Moon. The year started out like any other. I expected to do well; I worked hard and knew that my efforts would pay off, like it always had in the past. But something started happening. I started getting Cs on my papers! I don’t think I’d ever seen that letter, except in the spelling of my first name. And, not only was I getting low grades in her class, but also her comments made me astonished. My papers were full of red marks, and I was being asked to re-do many assignments to even get a passing grade. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 One day, Ms. Moon handed my paper to me and whispered, “It’s still not good enough.” ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ My efforts paid off and very soon it was time for my final exam result. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $