Unit 4 Rules make for a better life! 一般现在时的被动语态（单元核心语法精练）英语新教材冀教版八年级下册

Unit 4 Rules make for a better life! 核心语法精练（一般现在时的被动语态） 目录 A 考点概览·知识回顾 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 2 一、单项选择 7 二、用所给单词的正确形式填空 3 三、完成句子 4 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 11 题型一 语法填空 11 题型二 阅读理解 12 语态的概念：在英语中有主动语态和被动语态两种语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 We speak English. 我们讲英语。(主动语态) English is spoken by us. 英语被我们讲。(被动语态) 一般现在时的被动语态：表示现在发生的动作或存在的状态,主语是动作的承受者。 一般现在时的被动语态的句型结构 (1)肯定句:主语 + am/is/are + 及物动词的过去分词 + 其他 The desk is made by him,这张桌子是他做的。 (2)否定句:主语 + am/is/are + not + 及物动词的过去分词 + 其他, The desk isn't made by him.这张桌子不是他做的。 (3)一般疑问句:Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 及物动词的过去分词 + 其他? Is the desk made by him? 这张桌子是他做的吗? (4)特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + 及物动词的过去分词 + 其他? Where is the desk made by him? 这张桌子是他在哪儿做的? 一、单项选择 1．—Now computers ________ everywhere. —I agree with you. In my opinion, they are the most useful invention in the world. A．use B．used C．are used 2．The classroom ________ every day. It’s very clean. A．cleans B．is cleaned C．cleaned D．was cleaned 3．— Do you know the famous writer over there? — Sure, she ________ to give speeches in our school every year. A．invited B．invites C．is invited D．was invited 4．Throwing rubbish everywhere ________ in order to protect the environment. A．don’t allow B．allows C．doesn’t allow D．isn’t allowed 5．English ________ as a second language in many countries around the world. A．speaks B．is spoken C．spoke D．was spoken 6．The Lunar New Year ________ by the Chinese as well as by the Japanese. A．is celebrated B．is celebrating C．celebrated 7．His story book ________ into many other languages every year. A．translates B．was translated C．translated D．is translated 8．—Electric cars ________ by more and more people. —You are right. Technology has improved our lives. A．drive B．drove C．are driven 9．—Mom, can I eat the hamburger? —Sure, if the dishes ______. A．wash B．are washed C．will wash D．will be washed 10．Usually, Winter Solstice (冬至) ________ as a time to give thanks to one’s parents. A．is regarded B．have regarded C．was regarded 11．Digital payment ________ widely in our daily life now—almost everyone uses it. A．uses B．is used C．used D．was used 12．The school rules ________ to keep students safe and help them focus on studying. A．make B．are made C．made D．were made 13．The traffic lights ________ by a worker every morning to make sure they work well. A．check B．checks C．are checked D．were checked 14．The top of the mountain looks so beautiful when it ________ with snow. A．covers B．is covered C．is covering D．has covered 15．The national flag  ________  by us every morning. A．raises B．rises C．is raised D．is risen 16．—Let’s play soccer, Jack.     —Sorry. I need one more hour before my project ________. A．finishes B．will be finished C．will finish D．is finished 17．—What will happen if lots of jobs ________ over by AI? —That is a good question. But at the same time, AI will create more jobs. A．will take B．are taken C．will be taken D．take 18．It is said this kind of bike ________ out quickly in our city. A．sells B．is sold C．sold D．selling 19．Every day, too much water ________ in our school. We should save it. A．is wasted B．wastes C．was wasted D．wasted 20．When the money ________ wisely, we will not have any trouble living through the hard times. A．is spent B．will spend C．will be spent D．spends 二、用单词的正确形式填空 21．Mars (call) the “Red Planet” because of its red-colored surface. 22．This shopping app (use) by millions of people every day because it’s very convenient. 23．The mountains in winter are (cover) in snow, looking like beautiful white giants (巨人). 24．Many trees (plant) on the hill every spring. 25．We are to keep the books for two weeks. (allow) 26．Most of the earth (cover) by water. 27．Water (call) the source of life. 28．In Chinese culture, the tiger is often (regard) as a symbol of power. 29．The apple pie is (do). It is sweet and delicious. 30．The Great Wall (know) all over the world. 三、完成句子 31．骆驼被认为是沙漠之舟。 The camel is the ship of the desert. 32．现今，许多电子产品都是在中国制造的。 Today, many electronic products . 33．冬天，地面常常被雪所覆盖。 In winter, the ground snow. 34．喝绿茶被认为有很多益处。 Drinking green tea have many benefits. 35．世界杯每四年举行一次。 The World Cup every four years. 36．我们教室的窗户每周清洁一次。 The windows of our classroom once a week. 37．Do you plant pine trees every year? (改为被动语态) pine trees by you every year? 38．Lily often cleans the windows. （改为被动语态） The windows often by Lily. 39．They don’t use the room. (改成被动语态) 40．They make the bikes in the factory. (改成被动语态) 题型一 语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 I have a good friend. His name is Peter. He is 1 American boy. There are five people in his family, his parents, his two little 2 (sister) and him. He lives in Chengdu with his family. He 3 (study) in a middle school. His school is very big. This is his 4 (two) year studying here. He has to follow many rules at school. For example, he must 5 (arrive) at school on time. He can’t eat or drink in the classroom. And he has to read 6 (quiet) in the library. He can’t be absent 7 school without any reasons. There are also some rules in his family. He has to do his homework before he can watch TV or read his favourite books. There 8 (be) not much free time for him. He is a little 9 (happy) about it. His parents are sometimes strict with him, 10 he knows rules can help him become a better person. So he won’t break 11 (they). 12 weekends, he often goes to the Panda Base (基地) with his friends. The panda is one of the 13 (symbol) of China. He 14 (enjoy) his life in China. He thinks Chinese people are very 15 (friend). And he likes Chinese food very much. Wild camping is becoming popular all over the world. What is wild camping? It is an overnight stay, not at a campsite — finding 1 suitable location in the wild that allows you to be close to nature. If you enjoy 2 (spend) time outdoors and show great interest 3 wild camping, you should pay attention to some 4 (rule). ►Try to camp away from houses or farms. ►Be prepared to move on if you 5 (ask) to leave. Being friendly and polite can help you stay out of trouble. ►Leave nothing behind. Always remember 6 (clean) up any mess you have made and pick up the litter you see. ►Don’t make a camp fire. It is 7 (danger) because it may cause a wildfire. Use a stove (炉子) 8 (careful), and make sure that you won’t burn any grass. ►Take care of your “personal waste”. Perhaps there 9 (be) no toilets in the wild. But it doesn’t mean that you can go anywhere. You should keep away from open water. You may wonder 10 wild camping is safe. Well, if you do it correctly, your safety can be ensured. Always let someone know where you are, what you are doing and when you will return. If you don’t feel safe, or if you prefer to have a shower and toilet, perhaps wild camping isn’t for you. Head towards a campsite instead. 题型二 阅读理解 ①For teenagers, rules are everywhere—in families, schools, and even communities. But have you ever wondered why rules are so important for your growth? Let’s explore this by looking at different kinds of rules and their roles. ②Family rules are like “safety nets” for teens. For example, “don’t go out alone after 9 p.m.” protects teens from danger, and “share housework” teaches them responsibility. These rules don’t just keep teens safe; they also help build a warm family. When teens follow family rules, parents feel more at ease, and teens learn to care for others. ③School rules, on the other hand, are the “foundation” of a good learning environment. “Listen to teachers in class” helps everyone focus on lessons, and “no fighting with classmates” keeps the school peaceful. Without these rules, classrooms would be noisy, and no one could learn well. Teachers often say that school rules are not to “punish” teens, but to make sure everyone can learn and grow fairly. ④Community rules also play a part. “Don’t litter (丢垃圾) in the park” keeps public places clean, and “follow traffic rules when riding bikes” prevents accidents. These rules teach teens to respect public spaces and other people. ⑤Some teens may complain that rules are “annoying”, but in fact, rules are not there to limit you—they are there to guide you. Good rules help teens become responsible, respectful, and safe. That’s why rules are an important part of growing up. 1．What does the family rule “share housework” help teens learn? A．How to communicate. B．Responsibility. C．How to make friends. D．How to study better. 2．School rules are made to __________. A．limit teens B．punish teens for their mistakes C．help each other D．help teens learn and grow fairly 3．Which of the following is a community rule? A． B．C． D． 4．What’s the writer’s main purpose of writing this passage? A．To teach parents how to make rules. B．To show the students all the rules. C．To advise the students to follow the rules. D．To make good rules for teenagers. 5．What’s the best structure of the passage? (①= Para. 1   ②= Para. 2   ③= Para. 3   ④= Para. 4   ⑤= Para. 5) A． B． C． D． Why Rules Matter Rules are everywhere in our lives. They help us stay safe, work together, and make our world a better place. Let’s look at some common rules and why they matter. School Rules Every school has rules. For example, students must arrive on time. Why? Being late distracts others and wastes learning time. Another rule is “No phones in class”. Phones can tempt (诱惑) students to play games or chat instead of focusing on lessons. Teachers also ask students to raise their hands before speaking. This keeps the classroom organized and lets everyone share their ideas fairly. Family Rules Families have rules, too. Parents might say, “Finish homework before watching TV.” This teaches responsibility and time management (管理). Some families have a rule like “Dinner together at 7:00 p.m.”. Eating together strengthens family bonds. Another common rule is “Clean your room weekly”. A tidy space helps people feel calm and productive. Public Rules Public places need rules to keep people safe and happy. In libraries, we must stay quiet. Loud noises disturb others who are reading or studying. On buses, seats near the doors are for elderly or disabled people. This rule ensures fairness for those who need help. Parks often have signs like “Don’t pick flowers”. Protecting nature allows everyone to enjoy its beauty. What Happens Without Rules? Imagine a football game without rules. Players might push each other, and no one would know how to score. Chaos would ruin the fun! Similarly, if drivers ignored traffic lights, roads would become dangerous. Rules create order and fairness. Good Rules vs Bad Rules Most rules are helpful, but some can be unfair. For example, a rule like “No hats in school” might seem unnecessary. However, if students discuss why a rule exists, they can suggest change politely. Respectful communication helps improve rules. Conclusion Rules guide us like road signs guide drivers. They might feel strict sometimes, but they protect our safety and happiness. By following rules, we show respect to others and build a better community. 1．Why do schools have a “no phones in class” rule? A．Phones are too expensive. B．Phones distract students from learning. C．Teachers dislike phone brands. D．Phones make classrooms look messy. 2．What is one benefit of eating dinner together as a family? A．It saves money. B．It helps families bond. C．It reduces cooking time. D．It allows watching TV. 3．What do library rules ask people to do? A．Talk loudly with friends. B．Borrow unlimited books. C．Stay quiet. D．Eat snacks. 4．What might happen if there were no traffic rules? A．Roads would be safer. B．Drivers would feel relaxed. C．Roads could become dangerous. D．Cars would go slower. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Rules make for a better life! 核心语法精练（一般现在时的被动语态） 目录 A 考点概览·知识回顾 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 2 一、单项选择 7 二、用所给单词的正确形式填空 3 三、完成句子 4 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 11 题型一 语法填空 11 题型二 阅读理解 12 语态的概念：在英语中有主动语态和被动语态两种语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 We speak English. 我们讲英语。(主动语态) English is spoken by us. 英语被我们讲。(被动语态) 一般现在时的被动语态：表示现在发生的动作或存在的状态,主语是动作的承受者。 一般现在时的被动语态的句型结构 (1)肯定句:主语 + am/is/are + 及物动词的过去分词 + 其他 The desk is made by him,这张桌子是他做的。 (2)否定句:主语 + am/is/are + not + 及物动词的过去分词 + 其他, The desk isn't made by him.这张桌子不是他做的。 (3)一般疑问句:Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 及物动词的过去分词 + 其他? Is the desk made by him? 这张桌子是他做的吗? (4)特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + 及物动词的过去分词 + 其他? Where is the desk made by him? 这张桌子是他在哪儿做的? 一、单项选择 1．—Now computers ________ everywhere. —I agree with you. In my opinion, they are the most useful invention in the world. A．use B．used C．are used 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——现在电脑在各地都被使用。——我同意你的观点。在我看来，它们是世界上最有用的发明。 考查动词时态和语态。根据“Now”可知，句子描述的是现在的情况，应用一般现在时；主语“computers”和谓语动词“use”之间是被动关系，表示电脑被使用，应用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为“am/is/are+过去分词”，主语“computers”是复数，be动词用are，use的过去分词是used，所以此处用are used。故选C。 2．The classroom ________ every day. It’s very clean. A．cleans B．is cleaned C．cleaned D．was cleaned 【答案】B 【详解】句意：教室每天都打扫，非常干净。 考查时态和语态。根据“every day”可知，句子为一般现在时；主语The classroom与clean之间为被动关系，应用被动语态（am/is/are + 过去分词）。主语是单数，be动词用is。故选B。 3．— Do you know the famous writer over there? — Sure, she ________ to give speeches in our school every year. A．invited B．invites C．is invited D．was invited 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你认识那边那位著名的作家吗？——当然，她每年都被邀请来我们学校演讲。 考查一般现在时的被动语态的用法。invited邀请（过去式/过去分词）；invites邀请（第三人称单数）；is invited被邀请（一般现在时的被动语态）；was invited被邀请（一般过去时的被动语态）。根据“every year”可知句子用一般现在时，且“she”和“invite”之间是被动关系，需要用一般现在时的被动语态，is invited符合语境，故选C。 4．Throwing rubbish everywhere ________ in order to protect the environment. A．don’t allow B．allows C．doesn’t allow D．isn’t allowed 【答案】D 【详解】句意：为了保护环境，到处扔垃圾是不被允许的。 考查动词的语态。根据“Throwing rubbish everywhere...in order to protect the environment.”可知，为了保护环境，到处扔垃圾是不被允许的，此处应用被动语态，构成为主语+be+done。故选D。 5．English ________ as a second language in many countries around the world. A．speaks B．is spoken C．spoke D．was spoken 【答案】B 【详解】句意：英语在世界上许多国家被用作第二语言。 考查时态和语态。主语English与动词speak之间为被动关系，且描述一般事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态（am/is/are + 过去分词）。主语为单数，be动词用is，speak的过去分词为spoken。故选B。 6．The Lunar New Year ________ by the Chinese as well as by the Japanese. A．is celebrated B．is celebrating C．celebrated 【答案】A 【详解】句意：农历新年被中国人以及日本人庆祝。 考查动词时态和语态。主语“The Lunar New Year”是动作“celebrate”的承受者，需用被动语态；句子描述客观事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态“is celebrated”。故选A。 7．His story book ________ into many other languages every year. A．translates B．was translated C．translated D．is translated 【答案】D 【详解】句意：他的故事书每年被翻译成许多其他语言。 考查被动语态和时态。根据“every year”可知，句子描述经常性动作，需用一般现在时，主语His story book和动词translate之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是名词单数，be动词用is。故选D。 8．—Electric cars ________ by more and more people. —You are right. Technology has improved our lives. A．drive B．drove C．are driven 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——电动汽车被越来越多的人驾驶。——你是对的。科技改善了我们的生活。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。主语“Electric cars”是动作的承受者，需用被动语态“are driven”。故选C。 9．—Mom, can I eat the hamburger? —Sure, if the dishes ______. A．wash B．are washed C．will wash D．will be washed 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我可以吃汉堡吗？——当然，如果盘子洗好的话。 考查if条件句中的时态和语态。主语“dishes”与动词“wash”为动宾关系，需用被动语态，结构为“be + 过去分词”。在if引导的条件状语从句中，需用一般现在时表将来。故空格处应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用are。故选B。 10．Usually, Winter Solstice (冬至) ________ as a time to give thanks to one’s parents. A．is regarded B．have regarded C．was regarded 【答案】A 【详解】句意：通常，冬至被视为一个感谢父母的时刻。   考查动词时态和语态辨析。is regarded一般现在时的被动语态，表示“被普遍认为”；have regarded为主动语态；was regarded为一般过去时的被动语态。根据句意和语境，此处描述的是冬至的一般性传统习俗，应使用一般现在时的被动语态。故选A。 11．Digital payment ________ widely in our daily life now—almost everyone uses it. A．uses B．is used C．used D．was used 【答案】B 【详解】句意：数字支付在我们的日常生活中被广泛使用——几乎每个人都使用它。 考查被动语态和现在时态。uses使用，一般现在时态，主动语态；is used一般现在时态，被动语态；used一般过去时态，主动语态；was used一般过去时态，被动语态。根据主语“Digital payment”，可知其为单数，且由“now”可知为现在时，需用现在时的被动语态“is used”。故选B。 12．The school rules ________ to keep students safe and help them focus on studying. A．make B．are made C．made D．were made 【答案】B 【详解】句意：学校规则被制定来确保学生安全和帮助他们专注于学习。 考查被动语态。根据“The school rules…to keep students safe and help them focus on studying.”可知，主语school rules是动作的承受者，需用被动语态，be+过去分词，且句子描述一般事实，应用一般现在时。故选B。 13．The traffic lights ________ by a worker every morning to make sure they work well. A．check B．checks C．are checked D．were checked 【答案】C 【详解】句意：交通信号灯每天早晨被一名工人检查以确保它们正常工作。 考查被动语态和时态。句子中有“by a worker”表示被动语态，且“every morning”表示习惯性动作，需用一般现在时。选项A和B为主动语态，不符合被动要求；选项D为一般过去时，与“every morning”表示现在习惯冲突；选项C为一般现在时被动语态，故选C。 14．The top of the mountain looks so beautiful when it ________ with snow. A．covers B．is covered C．is covering D．has covered 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当山顶被雪覆盖时，看起来非常美丽。 考查被动语态。根据语境可知，山顶是被雪覆盖，所以应该用被动语态，即“be动词+动词的过去分词”，it为第三人称单数，be动词用is。故选B。 15．The national flag  ________  by us every morning. A．raises B．rises C．is raised D．is risen 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们每天早晨都升起国旗。 考查一般现在时被动语态。raises升起，及物动词；rises上升，不及物动词；is raised被升起；is risen错误表达。根据“The national flag...by us ”以及选项可知，此处须用被动语态，表示国旗被我们升起。故选C。 16．—Let’s play soccer, Jack.     —Sorry. I need one more hour before my project ________. A．finishes B．will be finished C．will finish D．is finished 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我们踢足球吧，杰克。——对不起。我还需要一个小时才能完成我的项目。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“I need one more hour before my project ….”可知，此处为before引导的时间状语从句，主句为一般现在时，从句也用一般现在时，主语project和动词为被动关系，其结构为be+done，主语为单数，be动词用is。故选D。 17．—What will happen if lots of jobs ________ over by AI? —That is a good question. But at the same time, AI will create more jobs. A．will take B．are taken C．will be taken D．take 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——如果大量工作被人工智能取代，会发生什么情况？ ——这是个好问题。但与此同时，人工智能也会创造更多工作岗位。 考查时态和语态。“jobs”和“take over”之间是被动关系，即工作被取代，要用被动语态，其结构为be+过去分词；if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，此处主语jobs是复数，用are。故选B。 18．It is said this kind of bike ________ out quickly in our city. A．sells B．is sold C．sold D．selling 【答案】B 【详解】句意：据说这种自行车在我们城市很快就被卖完了。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“this kind of bike … out quickly”可知，主语this kind of bike“这种自行车”，与动词sell out“售完”为被动关系，时态应用一般现在时，因此此处应用一般现在时的被动语态，构成为am/is/are done，主语为单数形式，因此应用is，sell的过去分词形式为sold。故选B。 19．Every day, too much water ________ in our school. We should save it. A．is wasted B．wastes C．was wasted D．wasted 【答案】A 【详解】句意：每天，我们学校都有太多的水被浪费了。我们应该节约用水。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“Every day”可知，句子应用一般现在时，主语为too much water，与动词waste之间存在被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，be动词应用is，waste的过去分词为wasted。故选A。 20．When the money ________ wisely, we will not have any trouble living through the hard times. A．is spent B．will spend C．will be spent D．spends 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当钱花得明智时，我们度过艰难时世便不会有任何困难。 考查一般现在时被动语态。主语the money和谓语spend“花费”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，排除B和D；句子是when引导的时间状语从句，主句是一般将来时时，从句通常用一般现在时，排除C。故选A。 二、用单词的正确形式填空 21．Mars (call) the “Red Planet” because of its red-colored surface. 【答案】is called 【详解】句意：火星因为其红色的表面被称为“红色星球”。call“称呼”，主语Mars和动词call之间是被动关系，且描述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为“am/is/are+过去分词”，Mars是单数，故填is called。 22．This shopping app (use) by millions of people every day because it’s very convenient. 【答案】is used 【详解】句意：这款购物应用每天被数百万人使用，因为它非常方便。根据“This shopping app”和“use”可知，此处用被动语态；结合“every day”，用一般现在时。一般现在时被动语态结构为“am/is/are + 过去分词”，主语为单数，故be动词用“is”，“use”的过去分词为“used”。故填is used。 23．The mountains in winter are (cover) in snow, looking like beautiful white giants (巨人). 【答案】covered 【详解】句意：冬天的山脉被雪覆盖，看起来像美丽的白色巨人。“The mountains”与“cover”之间是被动关系，表示山脉被雪覆盖，所以用被动语态，结构为“be + 过去分词”，用covered。故填covered。 24．Many trees (plant) on the hill every spring. 【答案】are planted 【详解】句意：每年春天山上都会种许多树。分析句子可知，主语“Many trees”与动词“plant”之间是被动关系，表示“树被种植”，因此要用被动语态；根据“every spring”可知，时态为一般现在时；一般现在时的被动语态结构为“am/is/are+过去分词”，主语“Many trees”是复数，be动词用are，plant的过去分词是planted。故填are planted。 25．We are to keep the books for two weeks. (allow) 【答案】allowed 【详解】句意：我们被允许保留这些书两周。allow“允许”，主语we与allow之间是被动关系，用被动语态，结构为be done，allow的过去分词为allowed。故填allowed。 26．Most of the earth (cover) by water. 【答案】is covered 【详解】句意：地球的大部分被水覆盖着。根据句意可知，该句在陈述事实，所以时态为一般现在时；又根据分析句子，结合所给词可知，该句主语Most of the earth与cover之间是被动关系，所以此处考查：一般现在时的被动语态，结构为：is+过去分词，cover的过去分词是covered。故填is；covered。 27．Water (call) the source of life. 【答案】is called 【详解】句意：水被称为生命之源。call“称作”为动词，主语Water与动词call之间为被动关系，因描述的是客观事实，需一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为be done，主语为Water，be动词需用is，call的过去分词为called。故填is called。 28．In Chinese culture, the tiger is often (regard) as a symbol of power. 【答案】regarded 【详解】句意：在中国文化中，老虎通常被视为权力的象征。主语tiger与动词regard之间是被动关系，故此空应填过去分词，be regarded as“被视为……”。故填regarded。 29．The apple pie is (do). It is sweet and delicious. 【答案】done 【详解】句意：苹果派做好了。它又甜又好吃。do“做”，为动词；主语“The apple pie”和“do”之间是被动关系，即用“be done”结构；do的过去分词为done。故填done。 30．The Great Wall (know) all over the world. 【答案】is known 【详解】句意：长城闻名于世。根据主语“the Great Wall”与谓语动词“know“之间的关系可知，此空应该用被动语态，被动语态由“be+及物动词的过去分词” 构成，由“The Great Wall”可知，谓语动词用单数，know的过去分词为known。故填is known。 三、完成句子 31．骆驼被认为是沙漠之舟。 The camel is the ship of the desert. 【答案】 regarded as 【详解】be regarded as是固定短语，意为“被认为是……”，与所给中文意思相符。故填regarded；as。 32．现今，许多电子产品都是在中国制造的。 Today, many electronic products . 【答案】are made in China 【详解】make“制造”，“电子产品”与“制造”之间是被动关系，因此需用被动语态，结构为“be + 过去分词”。根据“Today”可知，此处用一般现在时；主语“many electronic products”是复数，be动词用“are”；“make”的过去分词是“made”；in China“在中国”，作地点状语。故填are made in China。 33．冬天，地面常常被雪所覆盖。 In winter, the ground snow. 【答案】 is covered with 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，be covered with“被……覆盖”，动词短语；句子时态为一般现在时，主语是the ground，be动词应用is。故填is；covered；with。 34．喝绿茶被认为有很多益处。 Drinking green tea have many benefits. 【答案】 is believed to 【详解】根据句意可知，此处表示“被认为”，用被动语态结构“be believed to do sth.”，句子主语为“Drinking green tea”，是单数形式，且描述一般事实，时态为一般现在时，be动词用is。故填is；believed；to。 35．世界杯每四年举行一次。 The World Cup every four years. 【答案】takes place/is held 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，“举行”对应的英文表达为take place或hold。句子描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语The World Cup为第三人称单数。若使用take place，其第三人称单数形式为takes place；若使用hold，此处需用被动语态is held。故填takes place/is held。 36．我们教室的窗户每周清洁一次。 The windows of our classroom once a week. 【答案】 are cleaned 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺“被清洁”。clean“清洁”为动词，主语The windows of our classroom与clean之间为被动关系，根据“once a week.”可知，需一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为be done，主语为复数，be动词用are，动词clean的过去分词为cleaned。故填are；cleaned。 37．Do you plant pine trees every year? (改为被动语态) pine trees by you every year? 【答案】 Are planted 【详解】句意：你每年都种松树吗？原句是一般现在时，其被动语态结构为：am/is/are+done。主语pine trees是复数，be动词用are，位于句首，首字母大写；plant的过去分词为planted。故填Are；planted。 38．Lily often cleans the windows. （改为被动语态） The windows often by Lily. 【答案】 are cleaned 【详解】句意：Lily经常清洗窗户。根据“by Lily”和“cleans”可知该句应改为一般现在时的被动语态，主语为The windows，be动词应用are，clean的过去分词为cleaned。故填are；cleaned。 39．They don’t use the room. (改成被动语态) 【答案】The room isn’t used by them. 【详解】句意：他们不用这个房间。原句时态为一般现在时，改成被动语态，应为一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为am/is/are done；原句的宾语the room需变成主语，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用is，原句为否定形式，需在is后加not；动词use的过去分词为used；by them“被他们”，作动作的执行者。故填The room isn’t used by them. 40．They make the bikes in the factory. (改成被动语态) 【答案】The bikes are made in the factory by them. 【详解】句意：他们在工厂里生产自行车。原句时态为一般现在时，要求改为被动语态，句子用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为am/is/are done；原句的宾语the bikes需变成主语，主语为第三人称复数，因此be动词用are；动词make的过去分词为made；be made in“在……制造”；by them“被他们”，作动作的执行者。故填The bikes are made in the factory by them. 题型一 语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 I have a good friend. His name is Peter. He is 1 American boy. There are five people in his family, his parents, his two little 2 (sister) and him. He lives in Chengdu with his family. He 3 (study) in a middle school. His school is very big. This is his 4 (two) year studying here. He has to follow many rules at school. For example, he must 5 (arrive) at school on time. He can’t eat or drink in the classroom. And he has to read 6 (quiet) in the library. He can’t be absent 7 school without any reasons. There are also some rules in his family. He has to do his homework before he can watch TV or read his favourite books. There 8 (be) not much free time for him. He is a little 9 (happy) about it. His parents are sometimes strict with him, 10 he knows rules can help him become a better person. So he won’t break 11 (they). 12 weekends, he often goes to the Panda Base (基地) with his friends. The panda is one of the 13 (symbol) of China. He 14 (enjoy) his life in China. He thinks Chinese people are very 15 (friend). And he likes Chinese food very much. 【答案】 1．an 2．sisters 3．is studying 4．second 5．arrive 6．quietly 7．from 8．is 9．unhappy 10．but 11．them 12．On 13．symbols 14．enjoys 15．friendly 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要介绍了作者的好朋友Peter，一个美国男孩在中国成都的生活和学习情况，包括他的家庭、学校规则、家庭规则以及周末活动等。 1．句意：他是一个美国男孩。根据“American boy”可知，此处表示泛指，且American是以元音音素开头的单词，因此用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 2．句意：他家有五口人，他的父母，他的两个妹妹和他。根据“two little”可知，此处应用名词复数形式sisters。故填sisters。 3．句意：他正在一所中学学习。根据“He lives in Chengdu with his family.”可知，此处是描述现在的情况，应用现在进行时，其结构为“be+doing”，主语是第三人称单数，be动词用is，study的现在分词是studying。故填is studying。 4．句意：这是他在这里学习的第二年。根据“year”可知，此处表示顺序，应用序数词second。故填second。 5．句意：例如，他必须按时到达学校。根据“must”可知，其后应接动词原形arrive。故填arrive。 6．句意：他必须在图书馆安静地阅读。根据“read”可知，此处应用副词修饰动词，quiet的副词是quietly。故填quietly。 7．句意：他不能无故缺课。根据“be absent...school”可知，此处是固定短语be absent from“缺席，不在”，因此此处应用介词from。故填from。 8．句意：他没有多少空闲时间。根据“free time”可知，time是不可数名词，因此be动词用is。故填is。 9．句意：他对此有点不高兴。根据“His parents are sometimes strict with him”以及“There...not much free time for him.”可知，他父母对他很严格，他没有多少空闲时间，因此他有点不高兴，happy的反义词是unhappy。故填unhappy。 10．句意：他的父母有时对他很严格，但他知道规则可以帮助他成为一个更好的人。根据“His parents are sometimes strict with him”以及“he knows rules can help him become a better person.”可知，前后两句是转折关系，因此用but连接。故填but。 11．句意：所以他不会违反它们。根据“break”可知，此处应用代词宾格them作宾语。故填them。 12．句意：在周末，他经常和朋友去熊猫基地。根据“weekends”可知，此处是固定短语on weekends“在周末”，置于句首，首字母大写。故填On。 13．句意：熊猫是中国的象征之一。根据“one of the”可知，此处应用名词复数形式symbols。故填symbols。 14．句意：他喜欢在中国的生活。根据“He...his life in China.”可知，此处是描述现在的情况，应用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单形式enjoys。故填enjoys。 15．句意：他认为中国人非常友好。根据“are very”可知，此处应用形容词friendly“友好的”作表语。故填friendly。 Wild camping is becoming popular all over the world. What is wild camping? It is an overnight stay, not at a campsite — finding 1 suitable location in the wild that allows you to be close to nature. If you enjoy 2 (spend) time outdoors and show great interest 3 wild camping, you should pay attention to some 4 (rule). ►Try to camp away from houses or farms. ►Be prepared to move on if you 5 (ask) to leave. Being friendly and polite can help you stay out of trouble. ►Leave nothing behind. Always remember 6 (clean) up any mess you have made and pick up the litter you see. ►Don’t make a camp fire. It is 7 (danger) because it may cause a wildfire. Use a stove (炉子) 8 (careful), and make sure that you won’t burn any grass. ►Take care of your “personal waste”. Perhaps there 9 (be) no toilets in the wild. But it doesn’t mean that you can go anywhere. You should keep away from open water. You may wonder 10 wild camping is safe. Well, if you do it correctly, your safety can be ensured. Always let someone know where you are, what you are doing and when you will return. If you don’t feel safe, or if you prefer to have a shower and toilet, perhaps wild camping isn’t for you. Head towards a campsite instead. 【答案】 1．a 2．spending 3．in 4．rules 5．are asked 6．to clean 7．dangerous 8．carefully 9．are 10．if 【导语】本文介绍了野外露营的定义、基本规则和安全注意事项。 1．句意：这是一次过夜，而不是在露营地——在野外找一个合适的地方，让你接近大自然。泛指“一个合适的地方”，suitable以辅音音素开头，此处用不定冠词a。故填a。 2．句意：如果你喜欢花时间在户外，并对野外露营表现出极大的兴趣，你应该注意一些规则。enjoy doing“喜欢做某事”为固定搭配。故填spending。 3．句意：如果你喜欢花时间在户外，并对野外露营表现出极大的兴趣，你应该注意一些规则。show interest in“对……感兴趣”为固定搭配。故填in。 4．句意：如果你喜欢花时间在户外，并对野外露营表现出极大的兴趣，你应该注意一些规则。some后接可数名词复数rules“规则”。故填rules。 5．句意：如果你被要求离开，准备好继续前进。主语you与ask构成被动关系，含if的条件状语从句，主句是祈使句，从句用一般现在时，此处用一般现在时的被动语态，you后用be动词are，ask的过去分词形式asked。故填are asked。 6．句意：永远记得清理你制造的任何脏乱，捡起你看到的垃圾。remember to do“记得要做某事”为固定搭配。故填to clean。 7．句意：这很危险，因为它可能引发野火。系动词is后接形容词dangerous“危险的”。故填dangerous。 8．句意：小心使用炉子。修饰动词use用副词carefully“小心地”。故填carefully。 9．句意：可能野外没有厕所。there be句型中主语toilets为复数，be动词用are。故填are。 10．句意：你可能想知道野外露营是否安全。根据“You may wonder ... wild camping is safe.”可推出想知道野外露营是否安全，用if表示“是否”，引导宾语从句。故填if。 题型二 阅读理解 ①For teenagers, rules are everywhere—in families, schools, and even communities. But have you ever wondered why rules are so important for your growth? Let’s explore this by looking at different kinds of rules and their roles. ②Family rules are like “safety nets” for teens. For example, “don’t go out alone after 9 p.m.” protects teens from danger, and “share housework” teaches them responsibility. These rules don’t just keep teens safe; they also help build a warm family. When teens follow family rules, parents feel more at ease, and teens learn to care for others. ③School rules, on the other hand, are the “foundation” of a good learning environment. “Listen to teachers in class” helps everyone focus on lessons, and “no fighting with classmates” keeps the school peaceful. Without these rules, classrooms would be noisy, and no one could learn well. Teachers often say that school rules are not to “punish” teens, but to make sure everyone can learn and grow fairly. ④Community rules also play a part. “Don’t litter (丢垃圾) in the park” keeps public places clean, and “follow traffic rules when riding bikes” prevents accidents. These rules teach teens to respect public spaces and other people. ⑤Some teens may complain that rules are “annoying”, but in fact, rules are not there to limit you—they are there to guide you. Good rules help teens become responsible, respectful, and safe. That’s why rules are an important part of growing up. 1．What does the family rule “share housework” help teens learn? A．How to communicate. B．Responsibility. C．How to make friends. D．How to study better. 2．School rules are made to __________. A．limit teens B．punish teens for their mistakes C．help each other D．help teens learn and grow fairly 3．Which of the following is a community rule? A． B．C． D． 4．What’s the writer’s main purpose of writing this passage? A．To teach parents how to make rules. B．To show the students all the rules. C．To advise the students to follow the rules. D．To make good rules for teenagers. 5．What’s the best structure of the passage? (①= Para. 1   ②= Para. 2   ③= Para. 3   ④= Para. 4   ⑤= Para. 5) A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．D 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文主要讨论了规则对青少年的重要性，并分别从家庭规则、学校规则和社区规则三个方面阐述了它们的作用，最后总结规则是为了引导而非限制青少年的成长。 1．细节理解题。根据“and ‘share housework’ teaches them responsibility.”可知，分担家务教会青少年责任感。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Teachers often say that school rules are not to ‘punish’ teens, but to make sure everyone can learn and grow fairly.”可知，学校规则不是为了惩罚，而是为了确保每个人都能公平地学习和成长。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据“Community rules also play a part…These rules teach teens to respect public spaces and other people.”可知，社区规则涉及维护公共场所的秩序和尊重他人。图D是公共场所的规范标识，符合社区规则的定义。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据“Good rules help teens become responsible, respectful, and safe. That’s why rules are an important part of growing up.”以及全文对各种规则益处的阐述可知，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是为了建议学生遵守规则，因为这对他们的成长有益。故选C。 5．篇章结构题。通读全文可知：第①段引出话题；第②段讲家庭规则；第③段讲学校规则；第④段讲社区规则；第②③④段是并列关系，分别阐述不同领域的规则；第⑤段总结全文。因此，文章结构是“总—分—总”。故选A。 Why Rules Matter Rules are everywhere in our lives. They help us stay safe, work together, and make our world a better place. Let’s look at some common rules and why they matter. School Rules Every school has rules. For example, students must arrive on time. Why? Being late distracts others and wastes learning time. Another rule is “No phones in class”. Phones can tempt (诱惑) students to play games or chat instead of focusing on lessons. Teachers also ask students to raise their hands before speaking. This keeps the classroom organized and lets everyone share their ideas fairly. Family Rules Families have rules, too. Parents might say, “Finish homework before watching TV.” This teaches responsibility and time management (管理). Some families have a rule like “Dinner together at 7:00 p.m.”. Eating together strengthens family bonds. Another common rule is “Clean your room weekly”. A tidy space helps people feel calm and productive. Public Rules Public places need rules to keep people safe and happy. In libraries, we must stay quiet. Loud noises disturb others who are reading or studying. On buses, seats near the doors are for elderly or disabled people. This rule ensures fairness for those who need help. Parks often have signs like “Don’t pick flowers”. Protecting nature allows everyone to enjoy its beauty. What Happens Without Rules? Imagine a football game without rules. Players might push each other, and no one would know how to score. Chaos would ruin the fun! Similarly, if drivers ignored traffic lights, roads would become dangerous. Rules create order and fairness. Good Rules vs Bad Rules Most rules are helpful, but some can be unfair. For example, a rule like “No hats in school” might seem unnecessary. However, if students discuss why a rule exists, they can suggest change politely. Respectful communication helps improve rules. Conclusion Rules guide us like road signs guide drivers. They might feel strict sometimes, but they protect our safety and happiness. By following rules, we show respect to others and build a better community. 1．Why do schools have a “no phones in class” rule? A．Phones are too expensive. B．Phones distract students from learning. C．Teachers dislike phone brands. D．Phones make classrooms look messy. 2．What is one benefit of eating dinner together as a family? A．It saves money. B．It helps families bond. C．It reduces cooking time. D．It allows watching TV. 3．What do library rules ask people to do? A．Talk loudly with friends. B．Borrow unlimited books. C．Stay quiet. D．Eat snacks. 4．What might happen if there were no traffic rules? A．Roads would be safer. B．Drivers would feel relaxed. C．Roads could become dangerous. D．Cars would go slower. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文讲述了规则在生活中的重要性及其作用。 1．细节理解题。根据“Phones can tempt (诱惑) students to play games or chat instead of focusing on lessons.”可知，学校规定“课堂上不准使用手机”的原因是手机会让学生分心，影响学习。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Eating together strengthens family bonds.”可知，全家人一起吃晚餐的好处是能增进家庭成员间的关系。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“In libraries, we must stay quiet.”可知，图书馆的规定要求人们保持安静。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“if drivers ignored traffic lights, roads would become dangerous”可知，如果没有交通规则，道路可能会变得危险。故选C。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $