专题02 不定代词和动词不定式（期末复习讲义）八年级英语上学期新教材沪教版五四制

该初中英语期末复习讲义聚焦不定代词和动词不定式，通过分类表格系统梳理知识体系，如复合不定代词按some-、any-、no-、every-分类呈现，动词不定式从作宾语、宾补、状语等用法维度，结合结构、常见动词及例句构建清晰脉络，配套即时检测题强化重难点理解。 讲义亮点在于分层练习设计，基础题夯实基础，提升题和拓展题融入生活情境，如“计划参观农场喂牛”“母亲节做特别的事”等题目，凸显语言能力与思维品质培养。不同层次题目满足差异化需求，助力学生自主复习，也为教师实施精准教学提供支持。

专题02不定代词和动词不定式（期末复习讲义） 单元 语法点 常考题型 命题趋势 Unit 1-2 U3 不定代词和动词不定式 单项选择 语法选择 语法填空等 1.核心素养导向：聚焦英语核心素养考查，注重语言运用能力与综合素养的结合。 2.情境化凸显：依托生活、学校、社会等真实场景，实现语法考查与实际应用的融合。 3.文化价值渗透：选取富含文化内涵、思想价值的语篇素材，强化文化传承与价值引导。 4.实用性强化：侧重语法在实际交流中的运用，减少纯机械性记忆考查，强调灵活运用能力。 知识点01 复合不定代词 some- any- no- every- someone 某人 anyone 任何人 no one 没有人 everyone 每人 somebody 某人 anybody 任何人 nobody没有人 everybody每人 something某物，某事 anything任何事物 nothing 没有东西 everything一切 （1)复合不定代词的用法同some,any的用法。some-类复合不定代词一般用于肯定句中，也可用于表示希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中。any-类复合不定代词常用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中。也可用于肯定句 中，表示“任何人／物”。Would you like something to drink?你想喝点儿什么吗？ （2)如果有形容词修饰，形容词应该放在复合不定代词之后。 I've been so bored for a long time. I hope to have something interesting to do.我无聊了很长时间，我希望能做一些有趣的事情。 【即时检测】 1．—Have you brought ______ with you? We won’t have time to come back. —Don’t worry. All the things we need are here, in this big bag. A．nothing B．everything C．something D．anything 2．—Did you go fishing with ________ yesterday? —No. I went by myself. ________ was busy. A．anyone; Anyone B．anyone; Everyone C．everyone; Everyone D．everyone; Anyone 3．I’m not good at math. I need ________ to help me with it. A．anybody B．anything C．somebody D．something 知识点02 动词不定式 用法 基本结构 常见动词 / 特殊情况 例句 作宾语 动词 + to do （否定：not to do） agree, decide, forget, hope, learn, want, wish 等 - Tina has decided to sell her car.- Sandy agrees not to go with them. 作宾语补足语 动词 + 宾语 + to do （否定：not to do） advise, ask, encourage, teach, tell, want 等；使役动词（let, make, have）和感官动词（feel, hear, see, watch）后省略 to - Paul told Sue not to wait for him.- The teacher let Jane leave early. 作目的状语 to do（句首时加逗号） / - He went to the library to borrow books.- To get there on time, they took a taxi. 【即时检测】 1．I’m very happy _______________ you in the park. A．to see B．seeing C．sees D．see 2．City or country? I don’t know ______ as my living place because both of them have good sides. A．who to choose B．which to choose C．what to choose D．when to choose 3．—Every day, I spend one hour ______ the housework. —But I have no time ______ the housework, so my mother helps me a lot. A．to do; to do B．doing; doing C．doing; to do D．to do; doing 基础题（测试时间：10分钟） 1．—Which is your favourite subject, Chinese, Maths or English? —________. I like Physics best. A．Nothing B．Neither C．None D．No one 2．The teacher always asked him to read more about the article, but he said he already knew ________ about it. A．something B．nothing C．everything D．anything 3．—Alice! Can you please help me pass level 5 of the game “Word Puzzle (字谜)”? —Oh, dear. There’s ________ I can do to help you. I can’t pass it, either. A．nothing B．everything C．anything D．something 4．—Tina, did you buy ________ when you went to Jingmai Mountain last weekend? —Of course! I bought some tea for my grandfather. A．anything special B．special anything C．something special D．special something 5．I’ve been so bored for a long time. I hope to have ________ to do. A．exciting anything B．anything exciting C．something exciting D．exciting something 6．Sally’s really enjoying her new school for ________ there has been kind to her. A．someone B．anyone C．everyone D．no one 7．— Who is in the classroom? — ________. A．Not B．Nothing C．Not one D．No one 8．It’s hard to find the way in a new school. Let’s ask ________ for help. A．anybody B．everybody C．nobody D．somebody 9．—Could you please tell me ________ the museum? —Sure. Go along this street and turn left at the first crossing. A．how get to B．how to get to C．how getting to D．how I get 10．—I don’t know ________ to use this machine. —Don’t worry. Let me show you. A．what B．how C．which D．where 11．After thinking for a long time, the boy decided ________ hard to improve himself. A．study B．studied C．to study D．studying 12．There is no difference between the two sweaters, so I really don’t know ________. A．which one to choose B．which choose one C．which to choose one D．to choose which one 13．—Do you know how ________ this machine? —Yes, my father taught me last week. A．operate B．operating C．to operate D．operated 14．I decide ________ to the mountains, but my sister wants ________ at home. A．going; staying B．to go; staying C．going; to stay D．to go; to stay 15．It is necessary ________ to our parents when we have problems. A．talks B．talking C．talk D．to talk 16．—What do you think of the math problem? —It is so difficult. I really don’t know ________. A．how to do it B．what to do it C．how to do D．what do it 17．—I am so thirsty. Leo, do you have anything to drink? —I hope to give you some juice, but there is ________ left. A．none B．nothing C．anything D．something 18．—Did you enjoy yourself at the party yesterday, Grace? —No. I didn’t see ________ I knew there, so it was kind of boring. A．somebody B．nobody C．everybody D．anybody 19．—What’s your hobby, Michael? —I used to ________ collecting stamps, but now I prefer ________ the Internet. A．liking; surfing B．liking; to surf C．liked; to surf D．like; to surf 20．My mother wants me ________ than before. A．to eat healthily B．eating healthy C．to eat more healthily D．eating more healthily 提升题（测试时间：10分钟） 1．—Why do you plan ________ the farm this afternoon? —Because I feel like ________ cows with my family. A．to visit; feeding B．to visit; to feed C．visiting; to feed D．visiting; feeding 2．Mr. Li asks the students ________ in the river, because it’s too dangerous. A．to not swim B．to swim C．swim D．not to swim 3．I prefer __________ a book rather than __________ TV in my free time. A．read; watch B．read; to watch C．to read; to watch D．to read; watch 4．We must turn off the tap while brushing teeth ________ every drop of water. A．saving B．save C．to save D．saved 5．Zeng Qishun, a ________ old man from Taizhou, has run for 47 years. He always says we are never too old ________. A．seventy-years-old; to exercise B．seventy years old; not to exercise C．seventy-year-old; not exercising D．seventy-year-old; to exercise 6．________ get lost in the forest, we’d better take a compass (指南针) with us. A．In order to B．Not to C．In order not to D．Don’t in order to 7．Our teacher told Simon ________ forget ________ the door. A．not to; locking B．not; lock C．not to; to lock D．not; locking 8．________ a very sick passenger, the driver even ________ through a red light that day. A．To save, flies B．saving, flies C．To save, flew D．saving, flew 9．Shared bikes have made us ________ around cities ________. A．get; more convenient B．to get; more convenient C．to get; more conveniently D．get; more conveniently 10．The teachers warn us ________ attention to our ________ while crossing the roads. A．paying; safe B．pay; safely C．to pay; safe D．to pay; safety 11．—I don’t think ________ knows the answer to this question. —Really? Let’s ask the teacher for help then. A．anyone B．someone C．everyone D．no one 12．—Did you do ________ on Mother’s Day? —Yes, I drew a picture for my mom. A．special anything B．special something C．anything special D．something special 13．—Emma, many people are talking about a TV drama. Do you know __________ about it? —Yes, it’s about a story of a police officer’s fight __________ bad people. A．something; for B．anything; for C．something; against D．anything; against 14．Would you like ________ to drink? It’s so hot today. A．cold something B．something cold C．cold anything D．anything cold 15．One of the best places to visit is Hubei Art Museum, because I can learn ______ about artwork. A．nothing special B．anything new C．something interesting D．anyone else 16．This novel is too boring. I couldn’t find ________ in this book. A．something interesting B．anything interesting C．interesting anything D．everything interesting 17．—Is there a student in the classroom now? —No, ________ is here. All students are on the playground. A．somebody B．everybody C．nobody D．anybody 18．—Where would you like to go during your summer holiday? —I’d like to go ________. A．interesting somewhere B．somewhere interesting C．interesting anywhere D．anywhere interesting 19．—Is there ______ you want us to do? —Yes, could you please clean the living room? A．else anything B．anything else C．everything else D．else something 20．When people do ________, they can take it ________. A．interesting something; serious B．something interesting; seriously C．anything interesting; careful D．something interested; carefully 拓展题（测试时间：15分钟） 1．—What’s wrong with you?   —There is ________ with my left hand. A．something wrong B．anything wrong C．something else D．anything else 2．People in the street heard a loud noise and rushed into the room, but they found __________. A．something unusual B．nothing unusual C．unusual something D．unusual anything 3．—I am looking for a new magazine in the bookstore but find ________. —Maybe you could go to another one. A．none B．any C．nothing D．neither 4．—Good news! Xie Zhenye came first in the men’s 100-meter race of the 19th Hangzhou Asian Games. —Yes. There is ________ more exciting than this piece of news. A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing 5．—I’m so hungry. Can I have ________? —Yes, there is some cake on the table. A．many thing eat B．something eating C．anything eating D．something to eat 6．—Mary, did you go ________ last summer vacation? —Yes. I went to Hangzhou. A．wonderful anywhere B．anywhere wonderful C．somewhere wonderful D．wonderful somewhere 7．—Why not stop to have a drink? —Good idea. ________ is better than getting relaxed after working for so long. A．Something B．Everything C．Anything D．Nothing 8．Which word should we fill in the blank in this poem? Happy Rain on a Spring Night —by Du Fu Good rain knows its time right; It will fall when comes spring. With wind it steals in night; Mute (无声的), it wets ________. A．nobody B．nothing C．everything D．everybody 9．Daniel didn’t know ________ about the 01 Huai’an Marathon. A．what to talk to B．what to talk C．who to talk to D．who to talk 10．— Ms. Wang, I have difficulty ________ the article. — Remember ________ it three times at least. A．to understand; reading B．understanding; reading C．understanding; to read D．to understand; to read 11．It’s time for my brothers and ________ homework. A．me to do B．me doing C．I to do D．I doing 12．Habit formation (形成) is________ new methods that people get used to without thinking about them. A．develop B．to develop C．developed D．to developing 13．Martin is the first English teacher in our school ________ in the west, where he was known as a ________ dictionary in local students’ minds. A．volunteering; walking B．to volunteer; walked C．volunteering; walked D．to volunteer; walking 14．Last week, we saw a rare bird ________ its nest high up in the old oak tree. A．to build B．built C．build D．building 15．________ a better life, the scientist has devoted all his life to ________ pollution. A．Living; prevent B．Living; preventing C．To live; prevent D．To live; preventing 16．They were wondering where ________ the office party and I suggested ________ to the Chinese restaurant near the station. A．to hold; going B．holds; to go C．to hold; to go D．holding; going 17．Tom ________ a pilot since he was a little boy, and now his dream has finally come true. A．has hoped to become B．has hoped becoming C．hoped to become D．had hoped becoming 18．The doctor will do what he can ________ the girl who is badly hurt in the accident. A．save B．saving C．to save D．saves 19．________ the students in need, Jimmy often invites his classmates ________ money by selling old books. A．Help; raising B．To help; raise C．To help; to raise D．Helping; to raise 20．What actions are they able to ________ such a thing happening again? A．do stopping B．do to keep C．take to keep D．take to stop 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02不定代词和动词不定式（期末复习讲义） 单元 语法点 常考题型 命题趋势 Unit 1-2 U3 不定代词和动词不定式 单项选择 语法选择 语法填空等 1.核心素养导向：聚焦英语核心素养考查，注重语言运用能力与综合素养的结合。 2.情境化凸显：依托生活、学校、社会等真实场景，实现语法考查与实际应用的融合。 3.文化价值渗透：选取富含文化内涵、思想价值的语篇素材，强化文化传承与价值引导。 4.实用性强化：侧重语法在实际交流中的运用，减少纯机械性记忆考查，强调灵活运用能力。 知识点01 复合不定代词 some- any- no- every- someone 某人 anyone 任何人 no one 没有人 everyone 每人 somebody 某人 anybody 任何人 nobody没有人 everybody每人 something某物，某事 anything任何事物 nothing 没有东西 everything一切 （1)复合不定代词的用法同some,any的用法。some-类复合不定代词一般用于肯定句中，也可用于表示希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中。any-类复合不定代词常用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中。也可用于肯定句 中，表示“任何人／物”。Would you like something to drink?你想喝点儿什么吗？ （2)如果有形容词修饰，形容词应该放在复合不定代词之后。 I've been so bored for a long time. I hope to have something interesting to do.我无聊了很长时间，我希望能做一些有趣的事情。 【即时检测】 1．—Have you brought ______ with you? We won’t have time to come back. —Don’t worry. All the things we need are here, in this big bag. A．nothing B．everything C．something D．anything 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你把所有东西都带上了吗？我们没有时间回来取了。——别担心。我们需要的东西都在这个包里。 考查不定代词辨析。nothing没有东西；everything一切东西；something某物；anything任何东西。根据“All the things we need are here”可知，询问是否带齐了所有物品，用“everything”最符合语境，故选B。 2．—Did you go fishing with ________ yesterday? —No. I went by myself. ________ was busy. A．anyone; Anyone B．anyone; Everyone C．everyone; Everyone D．everyone; Anyone 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——昨天你和谁一起去钓鱼了吗？——没有。我自己去的。所有人都很忙。 考查不定代词辨析。anyone意为“任何人”，常用于否定句和疑问句中；everyone意为“每个人，所有人”，常用于肯定句中。 第一句是疑问句，应用anyone；根据“I went by myself...was busy.”可知，第二句是肯定句，且表示“所有人都很忙”，应用everyone。故选B。 3．I’m not good at math. I need ________ to help me with it. A．anybody B．anything C．somebody D．something 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我不擅长数学。我需要有人帮我学数学。 考查不定代词辨析。anybody任何人（用于否定句或疑问句）；anything任何事；somebody某人（用于肯定句）；something某事。根据“I’m not good at math”可知，需要有人帮忙，此句是肯定句，指人用somebody。故选C。 知识点02 动词不定式 用法 基本结构 常见动词 / 特殊情况 例句 作宾语 动词 + to do （否定：not to do） agree, decide, forget, hope, learn, want, wish 等 - Tina has decided to sell her car.- Sandy agrees not to go with them. 作宾语补足语 动词 + 宾语 + to do （否定：not to do） advise, ask, encourage, teach, tell, want 等；使役动词（let, make, have）和感官动词（feel, hear, see, watch）后省略 to - Paul told Sue not to wait for him.- The teacher let Jane leave early. 作目的状语 to do（句首时加逗号） / - He went to the library to borrow books.- To get there on time, they took a taxi. 【即时检测】 1．I’m very happy _______________ you in the park. A．to see B．seeing C．sees D．see 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我很高兴在公园见到你。 考查非谓语动词。be happy to do sth是固定搭配，表示“很高兴做某事”，此处用动词不定式 to see作原因状语。故选A。 2．City or country? I don’t know ______ as my living place because both of them have good sides. A．who to choose B．which to choose C．what to choose D．when to choose 【答案】B 【详解】句意：城市还是乡村？我不知道该选哪个作为居住地，因为它们都有优点。 考查“疑问词+动词不定式”结构。who to choose选谁；which to choose选哪个；what to choose选什么；when to choose何时选。根据“City or country”可知，要从两个中选一个，但不知道选哪个。故选B。 3．—Every day, I spend one hour ______ the housework. —But I have no time ______ the housework, so my mother helps me a lot. A．to do; to do B．doing; doing C．doing; to do D．to do; doing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我每天花一小时做家务。——但我没时间做家务，所以我妈妈帮了我很多。 考查非谓语动词。第一个空，spend time doing sth“花时间做某事”，空处填动名词形式的doing；第二个空，have no time to do sth“没时间做某事”，空处填动词不定式的to do。故选C。 基础题（测试时间：10分钟） 1．—Which is your favourite subject, Chinese, Maths or English? —________. I like Physics best. A．Nothing B．Neither C．None D．No one 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——语文、数学或英语中，你最喜欢哪一门？——都不喜欢，我最喜欢物理。 考查代词辨析。Nothing没有什么；Neither两者都不；None没有一个；No one没有人。根据回答“I like Physics best”可知，回答者最喜欢物理，意味着对列出的三个科目都不喜欢。故选C。 2．The teacher always asked him to read more about the article, but he said he already knew ________ about it. A．something B．nothing C．everything D．anything 【答案】C 【详解】句意：老师总是要求他多读一些关于这篇文章的内容，但是他说他已经知道关于它的一切了。 考查复合不定代词。something一些事；nothing没有事；everything所有事；anything任何事。根据“The teacher always asked him to read more about the article”可知，老师要求多读，结合“but he said he already knew”可知，这与前面为转折关系，表明他已经知道关于那篇文章的所有内容。everything“所有事，一切”符合题意。故选C。 3．—Alice! Can you please help me pass level 5 of the game “Word Puzzle (字谜)”? —Oh, dear. There’s ________ I can do to help you. I can’t pass it, either. A．nothing B．everything C．anything D．something 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——Alice！你能帮我通过“字谜”游戏的五级吗？——哦，天哪。我帮不了你什么。我也过不了。 考查代词辨析。nothing没有事；everything所有事；anything任何事；something某事。根据“I can’t pass it, either.”可知，自己也没有通关，所以没有什么能帮助对方。用nothing，表示否定。故选A。 4．—Tina, did you buy ________ when you went to Jingmai Mountain last weekend? —Of course! I bought some tea for my grandfather. A．anything special B．special anything C．something special D．special something 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——Tina，你上周末去景迈山时买了什么特别的东西吗？——当然！我给我爷爷买了一些茶。 考查不定代词与形容词后置。形容词修饰不定代词时应后置，special anything和special something错误；疑问句中通常使用“anything”而非“something”，“something special”不适用于疑问句。故选A。 5．I’ve been so bored for a long time. I hope to have ________ to do. A．exciting anything B．anything exciting C．something exciting D．exciting something 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我已经无聊了很长时间。我希望有令人兴奋的事情可做。 考查不定代词与形容词的语序。形容词修饰不定代词，如something、anything时，应置于其后；在肯定句中，通常使用something表示“某件事”，而anything多用于否定句或疑问句。本句为肯定句，故选C。 6．Sally’s really enjoying her new school for ________ there has been kind to her. A．someone B．anyone C．everyone D．no one 【答案】C 【详解】句意：Sally真的很喜欢她的新学校，因为那里的每个人都对她很友善。 考查不定代词辨析。someone某人；anyone任何人；everyone每个人；no one没有人。根据“Sally’s really enjoying her new school”可知，Sally喜欢新学校，因为那里的每个人都对她很友善，所以用everyone。故选C。 7．— Who is in the classroom? — ________. A．Not B．Nothing C．Not one D．No one 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——教室里是谁？——没人。 考查代词辨析。Not不；Nothing没有什么；Not one不符合英语常用表达；No one没有人。根据“Who is in the classroom?”并结合选项可知，此处指一个人也没有，No one符合。故选D。 8．It’s hard to find the way in a new school. Let’s ask ________ for help. A．anybody B．everybody C．nobody D．somebody 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在一个新学校里很难找到路。让我们找个人帮忙吧。 考查不定代词辨析。anybody任何人，常用于否定句或疑问句；everybody每个人；nobody没有人；somebody某人，常用于肯定句。根据语境可知，此处是在提议找个人帮忙，这是一个肯定句，所以应该用somebody。故选D。 9．—Could you please tell me ________ the museum? —Sure. Go along this street and turn left at the first crossing. A．how get to B．how to get to C．how getting to D．how I get 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我如何去博物馆吗？——当然。沿着这条街走，在第一个十字路口向左转。 考查疑问词+不定式结构。分析句子结构并结合选项可知，此处为“疑问词+不定式”结构，即how to get to the museum，在句中作“tell”的直接宾语。故选B。 10．—I don’t know ________ to use this machine. —Don’t worry. Let me show you. A．what B．how C．which D．where 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我不知道如何使用这台机器。——别担心。让我展示给你看。 考查疑问词辨析。what什么；how如何；which哪一个；where哪里。根据答语“Let me show you.”可知，此处表达不知道使用这台机器的方式，how符合。故选B。 11．After thinking for a long time, the boy decided ________ hard to improve himself. A．study B．studied C．to study D．studying 【答案】C 【详解】句意：经过长时间思考后，这个男孩决定努力学习来提高自己。 考查非谓语动词。study学习，动词原形；studied学习，过去式/过去分词；to study学习，动词不定式；studying学习，动名词/现在分词。decide to do sth.表示“决定做某事”，固定搭配，不定式to do作宾语。故选C。 12．There is no difference between the two sweaters, so I really don’t know ________. A．which one to choose B．which choose one C．which to choose one D．to choose which one 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这两件毛衣没有区别，所以我真的不知道选哪一个。 考查疑问词+不定式的结构。根据“There is no difference between the two sweaters, so I really don’t know...”可知，此处指不知道选哪一个，属于“疑问词+不定式”的固定语法结构，排除B和D；C项“which to choose one”语序错误，which to choose后不应直接加one，one放在which后，排除C。故选A。 13．—Do you know how ________ this machine? —Yes, my father taught me last week. A．operate B．operating C．to operate D．operated 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你知道如何操作这台机器吗？——是的，我父亲上周教了我。 考查疑问词how后接动词不定式的用法。根据“Do you know how…this machine?”可知，这里是how to do sth表示“如何做某事”，因此空白处应填to operate。故选C。 14．I decide ________ to the mountains, but my sister wants ________ at home. A．going; staying B．to go; staying C．going; to stay D．to go; to stay 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我决定去山里，但是我妹妹想待在家里。 考查动词不定式的用法。第一个空，decide to do sth“决定做某事”，需用动词不定式to go作宾语；第二个空，want to do sth“想要做某事”，需用动词不定式to stay作宾语。故选D。 15．It is necessary ________ to our parents when we have problems. A．talks B．talking C．talk D．to talk 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当我们有问题时，和父母交谈是必要的。 考查动词不定式。该句式结构为“It is+形容词+to do sth.”，it是形式主语，真正主语是后面的不定式，所以用to talk，故选D。 16．—What do you think of the math problem? —It is so difficult. I really don’t know ________. A．how to do it B．what to do it C．how to do D．what do it 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你觉得这个数学题怎么样？——它太难了。我真的不知道如何解决它。 考查疑问词+不定式的用法。“疑问词+不定式”作know的宾语时，需要注意疑问词的功能：how是方式副词，需与及物动词do的宾语搭配，即“how to do it（如何做这道题）”；what是代词，可直接作do的宾语，结构应为“what to do”，无需额外加it。故选A。 17．—I am so thirsty. Leo, do you have anything to drink? —I hope to give you some juice, but there is ________ left. A．none B．nothing C．anything D．something 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我好渴。Leo，你有什么喝的吗？——我希望能给你一些果汁，但是什么都没有剩下。 考查不定代词。none没什么；nothing没什么东西；anything任何事，任何东西；something某事，某物。根据“I hope to give you some juice, but...”可知but表转折，希望有，但是没有了，排除C和D。none用来回答How many、How much的疑问句，而nothing用来回答What的疑问句，此处着重于数量，用none。故选A。 18．—Did you enjoy yourself at the party yesterday, Grace? —No. I didn’t see ________ I knew there, so it was kind of boring. A．somebody B．nobody C．everybody D．anybody 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——Grace，你昨天在聚会上玩得高兴吗？——不，我在那儿没有看到我认识的人，所以有点无聊。 考查代词辨析。somebody某人，常用于肯定句；nobody没有人；everybody每个人；anybody任何人，常用于否定句或疑问句。根据“so it was kind of boring.”可知，此处指的是没有看到任何认识的人，应用anybody。故选D。 19．—What’s your hobby, Michael? —I used to ________ collecting stamps, but now I prefer ________ the Internet. A．liking; surfing B．liking; to surf C．liked; to surf D．like; to surf 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——迈克尔，你的爱好是什么？——我过去喜欢集邮，但现在我更喜欢上网。 考查used to和prefer的用法。used to do sth.“过去常常做某事”，所以第一空填like；prefer to do sth.“更喜欢做某事”，所以第二空填to surf，动词不定式作prefer的宾语。故选D。 20．My mother wants me ________ than before. A．to eat healthily B．eating healthy C．to eat more healthily D．eating more healthily 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我的妈妈想要我比之前更健康地饮食。 考查非谓语动词和副词比较级。want sb. to do sth.“想要某人做某事”；根据“than before”可知此处用副词healthily的比较级more healthily修饰动词eat。故选C。 提升题（测试时间：10分钟） 1．—Why do you plan ________ the farm this afternoon? —Because I feel like ________ cows with my family. A．to visit; feeding B．to visit; to feed C．visiting; to feed D．visiting; feeding 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你为什么计划今天下午去参观农场？——因为我想和家人一起喂牛。 考查非谓语动词。第一空，plan to do sth.“计划做某事”，动词不定式作宾语，所以第一空用to visit；第二空，feel like doing sth.“想要做某事”，动名词作宾语，所以第二空用feeding。故选A。 2．Mr. Li asks the students ________ in the river, because it’s too dangerous. A．to not swim B．to swim C．swim D．not to swim 【答案】D 【详解】句意：李老师让学生们不要在河里游泳，因为太危险了。 考查动词不定式的否定式。ask sb. (not) to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“要求某人（不要）做某事”。根据“because it’s too dangerous”可知，应要求学生“不要游泳”，因此用动词不定式的否定式not to swim。故选D。 3．I prefer __________ a book rather than __________ TV in my free time. A．read; watch B．read; to watch C．to read; to watch D．to read; watch 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在我的空闲时间，我更喜欢读书而不是看电视。 考查prefer的固定搭配。read读，动词原形；to read读，动词不定式；watch看，动词原形；to watch看，动词不定式。prefer to do sth rather than do sth“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”，固定搭配。根据此结构，第一个空应填“to read”，第二个空应填“watch”。故选D。 4．We must turn off the tap while brushing teeth ________ every drop of water. A．saving B．save C．to save D．saved 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们刷牙时必须关掉水龙头，以节约每一滴水。 考查非谓语动词。根据句子结构可知，“We must turn off the tap while brushing teeth”是主句，表示“我们刷牙时必须关掉水龙头”，而空格后面的“every drop of water”是目的状语，表示“为了节约每一滴水”，因此应该用动词不定式“to save”来作目的状语，表示目的或意图。故选C。 5．Zeng Qishun, a ________ old man from Taizhou, has run for 47 years. He always says we are never too old ________. A．seventy-years-old; to exercise B．seventy years old; not to exercise C．seventy-year-old; not exercising D．seventy-year-old; to exercise 【答案】D 【详解】句意：曾启顺，一个来自台州的70岁的老人，跑了47年。他总是说我们锻炼永远不会太老。 考查复合形容词和动词不定式。修饰名词“老人”时，需用复合形容词“数词-year-old”（year用单数），表示“……岁的”；在固定结构“never too old to do sth.”（做某事永远不会太老）中，应使用动词不定式“to do”。故选D。 6．________ get lost in the forest, we’d better take a compass (指南针) with us. A．In order to B．Not to C．In order not to D．Don’t in order to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：为了避免在森林里迷路，我们最好随身携带一个指南针。 考查动词不定式。In order to为了；Not to语法不完整，不能独立引导目的状语；In order not to为了不（做某事），是in order to的否定形式；Don’t in order to此表达错误。根据“we’d better take a compass”可知，携带指南针的目的是不迷路，“in order not to”符合语境，引导目的状语。故选C。 7．Our teacher told Simon ________ forget ________ the door. A．not to; locking B．not; lock C．not to; to lock D．not; locking 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们的老师告诉西蒙不要忘记锁门。 考查动词不定式的否定形式和“forget”后接不定式的用法。第一空，根据句意可知，这里表示告诉西蒙不要忘记，“tell sb. not to do sth.”表示“告诉某人不要做某事”；第二空，“forget”后接不定式“to do”表示“忘记要做某事” (动作未发生)，接动名词“doing”表示“忘记做过某事” (动作已发生)，这里表示不要忘记锁门，动作未发生，因此用“to lock”。故选C。 8．________ a very sick passenger, the driver even ________ through a red light that day. A．To save, flies B．saving, flies C．To save, flew D．saving, flew 【答案】C 【详解】句意：为了救一名重病的乘客，那天司机甚至闯了红灯。 考查非谓语动词及动词时态。To save救助，动词不定式；flies使飞，动词三单形式；saving救助，现在分词；flew使飞，动词过去式。第一空表示为了救助重病的乘客，需用动词不定式表目的；第二空that day是过去时间标志，谓语动词用过去式。故选C。 9．Shared bikes have made us ________ around cities ________. A．get; more convenient B．to get; more convenient C．to get; more conveniently D．get; more conveniently 【答案】D 【详解】句意：共享单车让我们在城市里出行变得更便捷了。 考查非谓语动词和副词的用法。“make sb. do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“让某人做某事”，故第一个空用动词原形“get”；第二个空修饰动词短语“get around”，要用副词“conveniently”。故选D。 10．The teachers warn us ________ attention to our ________ while crossing the roads. A．paying; safe B．pay; safely C．to pay; safe D．to pay; safety 【答案】D 【详解】句意：老师们提醒我们过马路时要注意安全。 考查非谓语动词及名词辨析。paying支付，现在分词；safe安全的，形容词；pay支付，动词原形；safely安全地，副词；to pay支付，动词不定式；safety安全，名词。warn sb. to do sth.是固定结构，意为“提醒某人做某事”，第一空需用动词不定式，pay attention to关注，注意，为动词短语；第二空前有形容词性物主代词our，需接名词。故选D。 11．—I don’t think ________ knows the answer to this question. —Really? Let’s ask the teacher for help then. A．anyone B．someone C．everyone D．no one 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我想没有人知道这个问题的答案。——真的吗？那我们去找老师帮忙吧。 考查不定代词辨析。anyone任何人；someone有人；everyone 每个人；no one没有人。根据“I don’t think…knows the answer to this question.”及“Really? Let’s ask the teacher for help then.”可知，此处指的是我认为没有人知道答案。anyone“任何人”，一般用于否定句和疑问句中。故选A。 12．—Did you do ________ on Mother’s Day? —Yes, I drew a picture for my mom. A．special anything B．special something C．anything special D．something special 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你在母亲节做了什么特别的事吗？——是的，我给我妈妈画了一幅画。 考查不定代词和定语后置。anything任何事，常用于疑问句和否定句中，something一些事，常用于肯定句中。此句为疑问句，因此用anything，形容词special修饰复合不定代词时，形容词应后置。故选C。 13．—Emma, many people are talking about a TV drama. Do you know __________ about it? —Yes, it’s about a story of a police officer’s fight __________ bad people. A．something; for B．anything; for C．something; against D．anything; against 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——艾玛，很多人都在谈论一部电视剧。你知道这件事吗？——是的，它讲的是一个警察与坏人斗争的故事。 考查代词和介词辨析。something某事，常用于肯定句；anything任何事，常用于疑问句和否定句；for为了；against反对。根据“Do you know...about it?”可知，这是一般疑问句，所以第一空应用anything；根据“fight...bad people”可知，此处表示与坏人作斗争，fight against表示“与……作斗争”。故选D。 14．Would you like ________ to drink? It’s so hot today. A．cold something B．something cold C．cold anything D．anything cold 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你想喝点冷饮吗？今天太热了。 考查复合不定代词和形容词后置。anything任何事物，常用于否定句或疑问句中；something一些事，常用于肯定句或希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中。根据“Would you like … to drink?”可知，此处是礼貌询问请求，问话者希望得到肯定回答，应用something。cold“冷的”为形容词，修饰复合不定代词时应置于复合不定代词之后。故选B。 15．One of the best places to visit is Hubei Art Museum, because I can learn ______ about artwork. A．nothing special B．anything new C．something interesting D．anyone else 【答案】C 【详解】句意：最好的参观地点之一是湖北艺术博物馆，因为我可以学习一些关于艺术品的有趣的事情。 考查不定代词。nothing special没有什么特别的；anything new任何新东西；something interesting一些有趣的事情；anyone else其他任何人。根据“because I can learn ... about artwork.”可知，此处是肯定句，且指能够学到一些东西，something interesting符合语境。故选C。 16．This novel is too boring. I couldn’t find ________ in this book. A．something interesting B．anything interesting C．interesting anything D．everything interesting 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这本小说太无聊了。我在这本书里找不到任何有趣的东西。 考查复合不定代词和形容词的位置。根据“I couldn’t find...in this book.”可知，在否定句中，用anything表示“任何东西”；形容词修饰不定代词时应后置，anything interesting“有趣的东西”。故选B。 17．—Is there a student in the classroom now? —No, ________ is here. All students are on the playground. A．somebody B．everybody C．nobody D．anybody 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——现在教室里有一个学生吗？——不，没有人在这里。所有学生都在操场上。 考查不定代词辨析。somebody某人；everybody每个人；nobody没有人；anybody任何人。根据问句“Is there a student...?”和“No...All students are on the playground.”可知，此处是否定回答，教室里空无一人。故选C。 18．—Where would you like to go during your summer holiday? —I’d like to go ________. A．interesting somewhere B．somewhere interesting C．interesting anywhere D．anywhere interesting 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——暑假期间你想去哪里？——我想去有趣的地方。 考查不定代词的用法和形容词的位置。在英语中，形容词修饰不定代词时应后置，且somewhere用于肯定句表示“某个地方”，anywhere多用于否定句或疑问句表示“任何地方”。选项A和C中形容词前置，语法错误；选项D虽形容词后置，但anywhere不适用于此肯定句语境；选项B符合语法和句意。故选B。 19．—Is there ______ you want us to do? —Yes, could you please clean the living room? A．else anything B．anything else C．everything else D．else something 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——还有什么事要我们做吗？——是的，请你把客厅打扫一下好吗？ 考查不定代词和定语后置。anything任何事情，用于疑问句与否定句；everything每件事情；something某事，用于肯定句。根据“Is there … you want us to do?”可知，此处应表示有什么事需要做吗，为一般疑问句，因此应用anything；形容词else修饰不定代词时需后置。故选B。 20．When people do ________, they can take it ________. A．interesting something; serious B．something interesting; seriously C．anything interesting; careful D．something interested; carefully 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当人们做有趣的事情时，他们可以认真对待它。 考查不定代词的用法和副词辨析。something某物；anything任何事物；interesting有趣的，修饰物；interested感兴趣的，修饰人。此处应有interesting修饰，且形容词修饰复合不定代词要后置，排除AD选项。serious严肃的，形容词；seriously认真地，副词；careful小心的，形容词；carefully小心地，副词。此处表示“认真对待”，用副词修饰动词take，故用seriously，take…seriously“认真对待……”，为固定搭配。故选B。 拓展题（测试时间：15分钟） 1．—What’s wrong with you?   —There is ________ with my left hand. A．something wrong B．anything wrong C．something else D．anything else 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你怎么了？ ——我的左手有点不对劲。 考查不定代词。something“某事”，一般用于肯定句；anything“任何事”，一般用于疑问句或否定句；wrong“有毛病的”，形容词；else“其他的”，形容词。根据“What’s wrong with you?”可知，此处是指左手有毛病，而不是指别的事情；再根据“There is…”可知，句子为肯定句，因此应用something，形容词修饰不定代词时需要后置，此处应用something wrong“有问题，不对劲”，符合语境。故选A。 2．People in the street heard a loud noise and rushed into the room, but they found __________. A．something unusual B．nothing unusual C．unusual something D．unusual anything 【答案】B 【详解】句意：街上的人听到一声巨响就冲进房间，但他们没有发现什么异常。 考查代词辨析以及形容词的位置。something unusual不同寻常的事；nothing unusual没有什么不寻常的；形容词修饰不定代词时，形容词需后置；unusual something表达错误；unusual anything表达错误。根据“People in the street heard a loud noise and rushed into the room, but they found…”可知，听到巨响，人们冲进房间结果却发现没有什么不寻常的事。故选B。 3．—I am looking for a new magazine in the bookstore but find ________. —Maybe you could go to another one. A．none B．any C．nothing D．neither 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我正在书店里找一本新的杂志，但一本也没找到。——也许你可以去另一家书店。 考查代词辨析。none一个也没有（指三者或者三者以上）；any任何；nothing没有什么；neither两者都不。根据“I am looking for a new magazine in the bookstore...”可知，要找的是杂志，再结合but可知是一本也没有找到，侧重数量概念，因此应用none来表示“一个也没有”。故选A。 4．—Good news! Xie Zhenye came first in the men’s 100-meter race of the 19th Hangzhou Asian Games. —Yes. There is ________ more exciting than this piece of news. A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——好消息！谢震业在第19届杭州亚运会男子100米比赛中获得第一名。——是的。没有什么比这条消息更令人兴奋的了。 考查不定代词。something某事；anything任何事；everything一切；nothing没什么事。根据“more exciting than this piece of news”可知，此处用否定词+比较级，表示“没有比……更……的了”，表达的是最高级的概念，故选D。 5．—I’m so hungry. Can I have ________? —Yes, there is some cake on the table. A．many thing eat B．something eating C．anything eating D．something to eat 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我很饿。我能吃些东西吗？——可以，桌子上有一些蛋糕。 考查复合不定代词的用法。many thing eat应该是many things to eat；something eating改成something to eat；anything eating改成something to eat吃的东西；something to eat吃的东西。此句为征求对方建议，希望得到对方的肯定回答，需用something，不定式作something的后置定语。故选D。 6．—Mary, did you go ________ last summer vacation? —Yes. I went to Hangzhou. A．wonderful anywhere B．anywhere wonderful C．somewhere wonderful D．wonderful somewhere 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——玛丽，你去年暑假去了什么好地方吗？——是的。我去了杭州。 考查不定副词和定语后置。somewhere某地，用于肯定句中；anywhere某地，用于否定或疑问句中。wonderful“美好的”，作定语修饰不定副词，要后置，故排除A、D；设空所在句是一般疑问句，所以用anywhere。故选B。 7．—Why not stop to have a drink? —Good idea. ________ is better than getting relaxed after working for so long. A．Something B．Everything C．Anything D．Nothing 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——为什么不停下来喝一杯呢？——好主意！在工作这么久之后，没有什么比放松一下更好的了。 考查代词辨析。Something某事；Everything每件事；Anything任何事；Nothing没什么事。根据“Good idea!”可知，没什么事比它要好。故选D。 8．Which word should we fill in the blank in this poem? Happy Rain on a Spring Night —by Du Fu Good rain knows its time right; It will fall when comes spring. With wind it steals in night; Mute (无声的), it wets ________. A．nobody B．nothing C．everything D．everybody 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在这首诗中，我们应在空白处填入哪个词呢？ 考查代词以及常识。nobody没有人；nothing没什么；everything一切；everybody每个人。根据“Mute (无声的), it wets”及常识可知，这句话表达的是“润物细无声”，滋润的是任何事物，所以此空应填everything，故选C。 9．Daniel didn’t know ________ about the 01 Huai’an Marathon. A．what to talk to B．what to talk C．who to talk to D．who to talk 【答案】C 【详解】句意：丹尼尔不知道该跟谁谈论01年淮安马拉松赛。 考查“疑问词+动词不定式”结构和动词短语。根据题干和选项可知，此处应用“疑问词+动词不定式”结构作宾语，表示“不知道该和谁谈论01年淮安马拉松赛”，talk to sb. about sth.表示“和某人谈论某事”，talk to后接人，所以此处应用疑问词who指人。故选C。 10．— Ms. Wang, I have difficulty ________ the article. — Remember ________ it three times at least. A．to understand; reading B．understanding; reading C．understanding; to read D．to understand; to read 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——王老师，我理解这篇文章有困难。——记住至少要读三遍。 考查非谓语动词。have difficulty (in) doing sth是固定搭配，表示“做某事有困难”，所以第一空用 understanding，故排除A和D；remember to do sth表示“记得要做某事（未做）”；remember doing sth表示“记得做过某事（已做）”。根据“Remember to read it three times at least”可推知此处强调“记得要去读（尚未读）”所以第二空用to read。故选C。 11．It’s time for my brothers and ________ homework. A．me to do B．me doing C．I to do D．I doing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：是我和我的兄弟们做家庭作业的时候了。 考查代词辨析和动词不定式的用法。me我，宾格；I我，主格；to do动词不定式；doing现在分词。for是介词，后接人称代词宾格，排除C项和D项；It’s time to do sth.“到了该做某事的时候了”，是固定用法，排除B项。故选A。 12．Habit formation (形成) is________ new methods that people get used to without thinking about them. A．develop B．to develop C．developed D．to developing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：习惯的形成是指去开发人们无需思考就能适应的一些新方法。 考查非谓语动词。develop动词原形；to develop动词不定式，表主动语意；developed动词过去分词，表被动语意； to developing是错误的形式；根据“is”是主句谓语动词可知，空处需填非谓语动词，作表语。句意表主动。故选B。 13．Martin is the first English teacher in our school ________ in the west, where he was known as a ________ dictionary in local students’ minds. A．volunteering; walking B．to volunteer; walked C．volunteering; walked D．to volunteer; walking 【答案】D 【详解】句意：马丁是我们学校第一位去西部支教的英语老师，在那里他被当地学生称为“活字典”。 考查非谓语动词和形容词用法。第一个空考查非谓语动词作后置定语。the first…to do sth是固定搭配，表示“第一个做某事的人”，因此用to volunteer。第二个空考查形容词作定语。walking dictionary是固定表达，意为“活字典”，表示“知识渊博的人”，因此用walking。故选D。 14．Last week, we saw a rare bird ________ its nest high up in the old oak tree. A．to build B．built C．build D．building 【答案】C 【详解】句意：上周，我们看到一只稀有的鸟在老橡树高处筑巢。 考查非谓语动词。see sb./sth. do sth.看到某人/某物做了某事；see sb./sth. doing sth.看到某人/某物正在做某事。根据“Last week, we saw a rare bird ... its nest high up in the old oak tree.”可知，动作发生在过去，是看到筑巢的全过程，用build。故选C。 15．________ a better life, the scientist has devoted all his life to ________ pollution. A．Living; prevent B．Living; preventing C．To live; prevent D．To live; preventing 【答案】D 【详解】句意：为了过上更好的生活，这位科学家一生致力于防止污染。 考查非谓语动词用法。分析句子结构可知，第一空表目的，需动词不定式作目的状语，故排除选项A和B，devote...to doing sth.“致力于做某事”，故第二空需动名词。故选D。 16．They were wondering where ________ the office party and I suggested ________ to the Chinese restaurant near the station. A．to hold; going B．holds; to go C．to hold; to go D．holding; going 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他们正在琢磨在哪里举行办公室聚会，我建议去车站附近的中国餐馆。 考查非谓语动词。“where + 动词不定式”结构作“wonder”的宾语，表示“在哪里做某事”；“suggest”后接动名词作宾语，表示“建议做某事”。故选A。 17．Tom ________ a pilot since he was a little boy, and now his dream has finally come true. A．has hoped to become B．has hoped becoming C．hoped to become D．had hoped becoming 【答案】A 【详解】句意：汤姆从小就希望成为一名飞行员，现在他的梦想终于实现了。 考查谓语动词时态和非谓语动词。since引导的时间状语表示动作从过去持续到现在，需用现在完成时，结构为has/have+过去分词，排除选项C和D；hope to do sth.“希望做某事”，所以hope后接不定式to do，排除选项B。故选A。 18．The doctor will do what he can ________ the girl who is badly hurt in the accident. A．save B．saving C．to save D．saves 【答案】C 【详解】句意：医生将会尽他所能去救在事故中严重受伤的女孩。 考查非谓语动词。根据句子结构可知，“what he can”是“do”的宾语，表示“他能做的事情”，而后面“…the girl who is badly hurt in the accident”是医生做这件事的目的，即“为了救在事故中严重受伤的女孩”，所以此处应该用动词不定式“to save”来表示目的。故选C。 19．________ the students in need, Jimmy often invites his classmates ________ money by selling old books. A．Help; raising B．To help; raise C．To help; to raise D．Helping; to raise 【答案】C 【详解】句意：为了帮助有需要的学生，吉米经常邀请他的同学通过卖旧书来筹集资金。 考查非谓语动词和固定搭配。第一空，根据“Jimmy often invites his classmates…money by selling old books.”可知，吉米邀请同学卖旧书筹集资金的目的是为了帮助有需要的学生，此处应用动词不定式“To help”作目的状语；第二空，invite sb. to do sth.为固定结构，表示“邀请某人做某事”，所以此处应用动词不定式“to raise”作宾语补足语。故选C。 20．What actions are they able to ________ such a thing happening again? A．do stopping B．do to keep C．take to keep D．take to stop 【答案】D 【详解】句意：他们能够采取什么行动来阻止这样的事情再次发生？ 考查动词用法。keep保持；stop阻止。take actions to do sth“采取行动做某事”，动词短语，排除A选项和B选项；根据“What action are they able to…such a thing happening again?”可知，此处指“采取行动来阻止这样的事情再次发生”，排除C选项。故选D。 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $