寒假作业03 动词不定式作宾语补足语（巩固培优）八年级英语新教材外研版

限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 寒假作业03 动词不定式作宾语补足语 （1）接不定式作宾语补足语的动词（动词+sb.+to do结构，否定式“动词+sb.+not to do” ）常见的有： tell 告诉 ask 请 order 命令 warn 警告 teach 教 want 想要 wish 希望 expect 期望 encourage 鼓励 allow 允许 invite 邀请 advise 建议 require 要求 force 强迫 如：Do you want me to find out the phone number? 你想要我找出那个电话号码吗？ （2）有些及物动词，接不定式作宾语补足语时（动词+sb.+do ），要省略to。这类及物动词常见的有： let 让 make 使 have 使 see 看见 watch 注视 hear 听到 notice 注意到 feel 感觉起来 被动语态中要还原to，如 make sb. do被动语态变为 sb. be made to do。 如：I saw him read in the library yesterday. 我昨天看到他在图书馆阅读 He was seen to read in the library yesterday. 他被看见昨天在图书馆阅读。 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 一、单项选择 1．Mobile payment allows us ________ our smartphones to pay for things ________. A．using; easy B．use; easily C．to use; easily D．to use; easy 【答案】C 【详解】句意：移动支付让我们可以用智能手机轻松付款。 考查非谓语动词及副词用法辨析。using使用，现在分词；easy容易的，形容词；use使用，动词；easily容易地，副词；to use使用，动词不定式。allow sb. to do sth.是固定结构，意为“允许某人做某事”，第一空需用动词不定式；第二空修饰动词短语pay for things，需要用副词easily。故选C。 2．Kitty’s mother makes her ________ for half an hour every morning. A．dance B．dances C．to dance D．dancing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：Kitty的妈妈每天早上让她跳舞半小时。 考查非谓语动词。make sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”，此处需用动词原形作宾语补足语。故选A。 3．Our English teacher always encourages us ________ English in public. A．speak B．speaks C．to speak D．will speak 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们的英语老师总是鼓励我们在公共场合说英语。 考查非谓语动词。encourage sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“鼓励某人做某事”，所以此处应用动词不定式to speak作宾语补足语。故选C。 4．My mother wants me ________ than before. A．to eat healthily B．eating healthy C．to eat more healthily D．eating more healthily 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我的妈妈想要我比之前更健康地饮食。 考查非谓语动词和副词比较级。want sb. to do sth.“想要某人做某事”；根据“than before”可知此处用副词healthily的比较级more healthily修饰动词eat。故选C。 5．My mother often asks me ________ my own cloth bag when shopping. A．take B．taking C．to take D．taken 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我妈妈经常要求我带上我自己的布袋在购物时。 考查动词不定式。固定搭配“ask sb. to do sth.”，即后接动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选C。 6．My parents warn me _________ too much chocolate, or I’ll become fat easily. A．to not eat B．not eating C．not to eat 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我的父母警告我不要吃太多巧克力，否则我很容易变胖。 考查非谓语动词。warn sb not to do sth表示“警告某人不要做某事”，为固定短语。故选C。 7．Last weekend, we invited my best friend ______ to Mount Huangshan. A．go B．goes C．to go D．going 【答案】C 【详解】句意：上周末，我们邀请了我最好的朋友一起去黄山。 考查非谓语动词。go去，动词原形；goes去，动词第三人称单数形式；to go去，动词不定式；going去，动名词或现在分词。invite sb to do sth“邀请某人做某事”。故选C。 8．Can you remind me ________ a bottle of wine? A．buy B．to buy C．buying D．bought 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你能提醒我买一瓶酒吗？ 考查非谓语动词。remind sb to do sth“提醒某人做某事”，此处需要用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选B。 9．Our English teacher always advises us ________ aloud every morning. It has a great influence ________ us. A．reading; to B．reading; on C．to read; to D．to read; on 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们的英语老师总是建议我们每天早上大声朗读。这对我们有很大的影响。 考查非谓语动词和介词辨析。 to到……；on对。根据“advises us...aloud”可知，advise sb. to do sth.“建议某人做某事”，因此第一空用动词不定式to read；根据“has a great influence ... us”可知，have an influence on sb.“对某人有影响”，因此第二空用介词on。故选D。 10．This new app enables users ________ their daily exercise easily. A．to record B．record C．recorded D．recording 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这个新应用程序使用户能够轻松记录他们的日常锻炼。 考查非谓语动词。enable sb to do sth“使某人能够做某事”，固定短语，此处填to record。故选A。 11．Online rules require us ________ personal information safe. A．keep B．to keep C．keeping D．kept 【答案】B 【详解】句意：网络规则要求我们保持个人信息的安全。 考查非谓语动词。require sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“要求某人做某事”，所以此处应用动词不定式to keep作宾语补足语。故选B。 12．The teacher let us ________ the classroom with digital tools. A．decorate B．to decorate C．decorating D．decorated 【答案】A 【详解】句意：老师让我们用数字化工具装饰教室。 考查非谓语动词。let sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”，固定搭配，此处需用不带to的不定式，即动词原形。故选A。 13．My mother told me ______ too much time ______ mobile phones, because it’s bad for my eyes. A．not to spend; playing B．don’t spend; playing C．not to spend; to play D．don’t spend; to play 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我妈妈告诉我不要花太多时间玩手机，因为它对我的眼睛不好。 考查固定搭配的用法。“tell sb. (not) to do sth.”是固定结构，意为“告诉某人 (不要) 做某事”，第一空应填“not to spend”；“spend time (in) doing sth.”是固定搭配，意为“花费时间做某事” (in可省略)，第二空应填“playing”。故选A。 14．—Why are you so angry with your little sister? —Because she always requires me _________ her out to play. A．takes B．take C．to take D．taking 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你为什么对你的小妹妹这么生气？——因为她总是要求我带她出去玩。 考查非谓语动词。require sb. to do sth. 表示“要求某人做某事”，空处填动词不定式to take作宾语补足语。故选C。 15．The doctor led us ________ more attention to ________ the sick pigs away from us. A．to pay; keep B．to paying; keeping C．to pay; keeping D．to paying; keep 【答案】C 【详解】句意：医生指导我们要多留意，把生病的猪和我们隔离。 考查非谓语动词。根据“The doctor led us...more attention to...the sick pigs away from us.”可知，led是动词lead的过去式，lead sb. to do sth.是常用搭配，意为“指导某人做某事”，不定式作宾语补足语，故空一用to pay；pay attention to中的to是介词，后接动名词形式，故空二用keeping。故选C。 二、用所给词的正确形式填空 16．Parents usually expect their children (be) kind and honest to others. 【答案】to be 【详解】句意：父母通常期望他们的孩子对他人友善且诚实。根据“expect their children”可知，此处考查expect的固定搭配expect sb. to do sth.“期望某人做某事”，所以横线处需填动词不定式to be。故填to be。 17．Can you help me (draw) a mind map? 【答案】draw/to draw 【详解】句意：你能帮我画一张思维导图吗？help sb (to) do sth表示“帮助某人做某事”，此处应用draw或to draw。故填draw/to draw。 18．My mother advised me not (stay) out late. 【答案】to stay 【详解】句意：我妈妈建议我不要在外面待到很晚。advise sb. not to do sth.“建议某人不要做某事”，动词短语，此处应用to stay作宾语补足语。故填to stay。 19．My mother often tells me (not throw) away old clothes—we can donate them to people in need. 【答案】not to throw 【详解】句意：我母亲经常告诉我不要扔掉旧衣服，我们可以把它们捐赠给有需要的人。throw意为“扔掉”，此处是：tell sb. not to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“告诉某人不要做某事”。故填not to throw。 20．Let’s the words loudly. (spell) 【答案】spell 【详解】句意：让我们大声拼写这些单词。spell“拼写”，是动词，let’s后接动词原形。故填spell。 21．My parents would like me (be) a better man in the future. 【答案】to be 【详解】句意：我父母希望我将来成为一个更优秀的人。根据空前的“would like me”可知，“would like sb. to do sth”是固定结构，意为“想要某人做某事”，后接动词不定式，提示词“be”为动词原形，其不定式形式为“to be”，故填to be。 22．I often hear her (read) English in the morning. 【答案】read 【详解】句意：我经常听到她在早上读英语。hear sb. do sth.是固定搭配，意为“听到某人做某事（强调动作的全过程或经常性）”，often表明是经常性动作。故填read。 23．I watched the children (plant) trees. 【答案】plant/planting 【详解】句意：我观看了孩子们种树。此处是短语watch sb do/doing sth“观看某人做某事”的应用，所以用动词原形或现在分词都可以。故填plant/planting。 24．When I was young, I often watched grandma (cook) but I never cooked anything (I). 【答案】 cook myself 【详解】句意：在我小的时候，我经常看奶奶做饭但是我从未自己做过饭。根据“我经常看奶奶做饭”可知，强调的是做饭的全过程，应为“watch sb do”，动词不定式do作宾补。根据“but I never cooked...”可知我自己是不做饭的，“我自己”的英文为“myself”。故填cook；myself。 25．My mother often teaches me (cook) in the kitchen. 【答案】to cook 【详解】句意：我妈妈经常在厨房教我做饭。cook“烹饪”，teach sb to do sth“教某人做某事”，因此填不定式作宾补，故填to cook。 一、语法选择 “What should I read next?” asked my student Tom. 1 question surprised me. This child had no interest in reading. How could he finish 2 book I downloaded for him just two days ago? “You 3 it already? How did you like it?” I asked. I wanted to find out if he had read the book 4 . “It was so sad. I could hardly believe it when ...” he told parts of the story. “When did you find the time to read it?” I still felt 5 . “Last night. It got interesting, so I listened to it all night.” Tom was actually not alone. Many children have never enjoyed reading. But now, they are enjoying one audio-book (有声书) after 6 . Some people don’t think listening to audio-books is a kind of reading. I used to think so, too. But 7 years ago, my mind was changed by my students. Surely, there is a 8 between reading a story with our eyes and listening to it with our ears. But researches show that 9 to audio-books can also help children learn new words. Most importantly, it can make them 10 in love with books. In the end, I came to see audio-books differently. They can make a huge difference for some students. So, why do we turn our backs on them? 1．A．He B．Him C．His 2．A．a B．an C．the 3．A．finish B．finished C．have finished 4．A．careful B．carefully C．carelessly 5．A．surprise B．surprised C．surprising 6．A．other B．others C．another 7．A．few B．a little C．a few 8．A．different B．difference C．differently 9．A．listening B．listen C．listens 10．A．fall B．fell C．to fall 【答案】 1．C 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．B 6．C 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．A 【导语】本文通过学生Tom对有声书的兴趣转变，探讨了有声书对培养阅读习惯的积极作用，并指出其与传统阅读的差异及优势。 1．句意：他的问题让我惊讶。 He他，主格代词；Him他，宾格代词；His他的，形容词性/名词性物主代词。空处修饰名词question，用形容词性物主代词。故选C。 2．句意：他怎么可能读完我两天前为他下载的那本书？ a一个，表泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，表泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the表特指。根据“book I downloaded for him just two days ago”可知，此处是特指作者两天前为Tom下载的那本书，用定冠词the。故选C。 3．句意：你已经读完了吗？ finish完成，动词原形；finished动词过去式；have finished现在完成时。根据“already”可知，时态用现在完成时。故选C。 4．句意：我想弄清楚他是否认真读了这本书。 careful认真的，形容词；carefully认真地，副词；carelessly粗心地，副词。根据“if he had read the book”可知，是指是否他认真读了这本书，修饰动词read，用副词形式。故选B。 5．句意：我仍感到惊讶。 surprise惊喜，名词；surprised惊讶的，形容词，修饰人；surprising令人惊讶的，形容词，修饰物。felt后跟形容词作表语，且此处形容人，用surprised。故选B。 6．句意：但现在，他们正在享受着一本又一本的有声书。 other其他的，后跟名词复数；others其他人或物；another另一个。one ... after another“一个又一个”，固定搭配。故选C。 7．句意：但几年前，我的想法被学生改变了。 few很少，表否定意义；a little一点，修饰不可数名词；a few一些，修饰可数名词复数。此处表示几年前，且years是可数名词复数，用a few修饰。故选C。 8．句意：毫无疑问，用眼睛阅读故事与用耳朵聆听故事是有区别的。 different不同的，形容词；difference区别，名词；differently不同地，副词。a后应跟名词单数形式。故选B。 9．句意：但研究表明听有声书也能帮助孩子学习新词。 listening听，动名词；listen动词原形；listens动词第三人称单数。空处在句中作主语，用动名词形式。故选A。 10．句意：最重要的是，它能让他们爱上书籍。 fall动词原形；fell动词过去式；to fall动词不定式。make sb do sth“让某人做某事”，空处填动词原形。故选A。 二、完形填空 根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个能填入相应空格的最佳答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 Last month, there was an online activity from the self-help group. A mother shared a touching story 11 her autistic (自闭症) son and a little girl in his class on the Internet. She also showed a photo of a lovely 12 made by her son. And the mother started the story like this: There is a little girl called Lily in my son Jason’s class. They are good friends. They like to play outside after lunch and often sit together during class. You may think this is a usual friendship between two children, 13 it’s quite different. Whatever Jason does, Lily is always with him. She talks to him about interesting things, even though he doesn’t reply right away. She understands that he might need more time to think, but she is never 14 chatting with him. Her care and patience (耐心) are really special. As time goes by, Jason loves staying with 15 too. You can see a happy look in his eyes when she is around. Now, Jason’s situation gets worse, and he has to study online at home. At first, I was worried if Jason would 16 his school life. However, he still gets very excited and smiles brightly when he sees Lily’s face on the computer screen. He knows who she is and he understands the 17 from his friend. For Lily’s last birthday, he made this card for her by 18 choosing the colors and drawing a big, bright heart. As a mother of a child with special needs, it truly 19 my heart to see that somebody likes my son for who he is. Jason is so lucky to have Lily as his friend. I really want to give thanks to her because she makes me feel more 20 about my son’s future. It is the friendship like this that makes the world a warmer place. 11．A．among B．with C．between D．under 12．A．toy B．card C．ticket D．cake 13．A．because B．so C．but D．until 14．A．interested in B．careful with C．connected to D．tired of 15．A．him B．them C．me D．her 16．A．miss B．dislike C．remind D．change 17．A．sadness B．peace C．need D．kindness 18．A．certainly B．carefully C．angrily D．probably 19．A．breaks B．loses C．touches D．hurts 20．A．hopeful B．honest C．disappointed D．worried 【答案】 11．C 12．B 13．C 14．D 15．D 16．A 17．D 18．B 19．C 20．A 【导语】本文讲述了一位母亲分享她患有自闭症的儿子杰森与同班女孩莉莉之间真挚友谊的感人故事。莉莉的耐心陪伴和真诚关怀不仅让杰森感到快乐，也让母亲对儿子的未来充满希望。 11．句意：一位母亲在网上分享了一个关于她患有自闭症的儿子和他班上一个小女孩的感人故事。 among在……之中；with带有；between在……之间；under在……下面。根据“her autistic (自闭症) son and a little girl in his class ”，应表示两者之间，用“between...and...”。故选C。 12．句意：她还展示了一张他儿子制作的可爱的卡片照片。 toy玩具；card卡片；ticket票；cake蛋糕。根据下文“For Lily’s last birthday, he made this card”可知，是生日卡片。故选B。 13．句意：你可能认为这是两个孩子之间普通的友谊，但这很不同。 because因为；so所以；but但是；until直到。前后为转折关系。故选C。 14．句意：她明白他可能需要更多时间思考，但她从不厌倦和他聊天。 interested in感兴趣；careful with小心；connected to连接；tired of厌烦。根据“Her care and patience (耐心) are really special.”可知，她不会厌烦。故选D。 15．句意：随着时间的流逝，杰森也喜欢和她待在一起。 him他；them他们；me我；her她。指代前文Lily。故选D。 16．句意：起初，我担心杰森会想念学校生活。 miss想念；dislike不喜欢；remind提醒；change改变。根据“Now, Jason’s situation gets worse, and he has to study online at home.”可知，担心他“想念”学校生活。故选A。 17．句意：他知道她是谁，也理解来自朋友的善意。 sadness悲伤；peace和平；need需求；kindness善意。朋友Lily的关怀体现“善意”。故选D。 18．句意：为了莉莉上一个生日，他亲手为她制作了这张卡片，仔细地挑选颜色，并画了一个大大的、明亮的心。 certainly肯定地；carefully仔细地；angrily生气地；probably可能地。根据“For Lily’s last birthday, he made this card for her by...choosing the colors and drawing a big, bright heart.”可知，他“仔细地”选择。故选B。 19．句意：作为一个有特殊需求孩子的母亲，看到有人喜欢我儿子本来的样子，真的触动了我的心。 breaks打破；loses失去；touches触动；hurts伤害。根据“Jason is so lucky to have Lily as his friend. I really want to give thanks to her”可知。此处表示“感动”。故选C。 20．句意：我真的很想感谢她，因为她让我对儿子的未来感到更有希望。 hopeful充满希望的；honest诚实的；disappointed失望的；worried担心的。根据“It is the friendship like this that makes the world a warmer place.”可知，友谊带来积极感受。故选A。 三、阅读理解 Have you ever wondered why so many apps are free to use? After all, they cost money to run. Well, instead of paying with money, you’re paying by sharing your personal data (数据). Then businesses buy and use the data so that they can show you targeted ads (定向广告). What happens to personal information online? Many free apps get paid by businesses that want to know about the users of the apps. What a business wants is the exact information about customers. Companies called “data brokers” collect your data—everything from your name, location and education level to the topics you search for, the websites you visit and the people you follow, and then sell it to other brokers and businesses. __________ The data is valuable. Businesses can use the information from data brokers to target their ads. It means they will show their ads to the people who are most likely to be interested in their products or services. What can we do about it? Many countries have made laws to protect personal information. For example, a law in the United States says companies must get parents’ permission to collect personal data from kids under 13. China’s law on personal information protection came into effect on November 1, 2021. At the same time, we should try to protect our data. If an app asks for something like your location, consider saying “No” first. In short, information about you is very valuable. Try to protect it. 21．According to the passage, how can people use some apps for free? A．By sharing their personal data. B．By buying and using the data. C．By showing the targeted ads. D．By talking with friends. 22．According to the passage, which picture can describe how businesses show their targeted ads? A． B． C． D． 23．According to the passage, why do “data brokers” collect personal information? A．To use the apps for free. B．To sell the information to businesses. C．To protect users’ personal data. D．To make new laws about privacy. 24．Which of the following can be put in the “________”? A．What are people interested in? B．Why do businesses show their ads? C．Why do businesses want the data? D．What are the new products? 25．Who’s the passage written for? A．Businessmen. B．App users. C．Lawyers. D．Data brokers. 【答案】21．A 22．B 23．B 24．C 25．B 【导语】本文由APP上呈现的广告引出我们的个人信息被企业收集和贩卖，进而提出我们应该高度重视和保护个人信息。 21．细节理解题。根据“Well, instead of paying with money, you’re paying by sharing your personal data (数据).”可知，说明用户通过“分享个人数据”来换取免费使用。故选A。 22．细节理解题。根据“Companies called ‘data  brokers’ collect your data—everything from your name, ... and then sell it to other brokers and businesses.”以及“The data is valuable. Businesses can use the information from data brokers to target their ads.”可知，用户使用那些应用软件，数据经纪人收集你的所有数据，然后把它们卖给企业，企业再定向投放广告。故选B。 23．细节理解题。根据“Companies called ‘data brokers’ collect your data … and then sell it to other brokers and businesses.”可知，数据经纪人收集信息是为了“卖给企业”。故选B。 24．推理判断题。根据“The data is valuable. Businesses can use the information from data brokers to target their ads. It means they will show their ads to the people who are most likely to be interested in their products or services.”可知，企业用数据来定位广告，意味着他们将把广告展示给最有可能对他们的产品或服务感兴趣的人；由此推知本段回答了为什么企业想要数据。故选C。 25．推理判断题。文章结尾提醒读者应学会保护个人信息，根据“If an app asks for ... consider saying ‘No’ first.”可知，是写给“App用户”的安全提示。故选B。 四、七选五 请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容，从方框内所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使其意思通顺，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余项。 Old habits, especially bad ones, can be hard to break. People often make fun of New Year’s resolutions because they hardly ever keep them. However, resolutions offer us big chances for self-improvement. 26 First, start with a short, strong push (推动力). According to a study about exercise habits, students who were asked to exercise 8 times in one month formed a stronger habit. 27 This is because doing something many times in a short period helps you “climb over” the first, hardest part. So remember, a short period of strong effort is key to long-term success. 28 This means you connect something you like with the new habit you want to build. In another study, researchers let a group of students listen to an attractive audio-novel, but only while they were working out at the gym. Over the next seven weeks, this group visited the gym much more often than the others. 29 These methods tell us that even if you cannot promise to do something forever, trying hard for a short time can make a real difference. So, when you make your next resolution—maybe to take up a hobby, get healthier, or study harder—remember the small tips we gave. 30 It might just work better than you think. A．Second, try the “Interest Connection” method. B．Start small, make it fun, and give it a few good weeks. C．Making your goal clear and writing it down can also help. D．As a result, after the month, they kept exercising much more than the other groups. E．Luckily, social science has some ideas about how to start a good habit and stick to it. F．So by connecting something you enjoy with a new habit, you can keep doing it more easily. 【答案】26．E 27．D 28．A 29．F 30．B 【导语】本文介绍一些如何开始一个好习惯并坚持下去的建议。 26．根据“People often make fun of New Year’s resolutions because they hardly ever keep them. However, resolutions offer us big chances for self-improvement.”和下文“First, start with a short, strong push (推动力)”可知，此处是说有一些方法可以开始好的习惯并坚持下去。E项“幸运的是，社会科学有一些关于如何开始一个好习惯并坚持下去的想法”符合语境，故选E。 27．根据“This is because doing something many times in a short period helps you ‘climb over’ the first, hardest part.”可知，此处是说前面研究产生了一个不错的结果。D项“结果，一个月后，他们比其他组坚持锻炼得更多”符合语境，故选D。 28．根据上段“First, start with a short, strong push (推动力).”和本段“This means you connect something you like with the new habit you want to build.”可知，此处是说第二个方法与兴趣有关。A项“第二，尝试‘兴趣连接’方法”符合语境，故选A。 29．根据“Over the next seven weeks, this group visited the gym much more often than the others.”可知，此处内容与将兴趣与新习惯联系起来有关。F项“所以，把你喜欢的事情和一个新习惯联系起来，你就能更容易地坚持下去”符合语境，故选F。 30．根据“So, when you make your next resolution—maybe to take up a hobby, get healthier, or study harder—remember the small tips we gave.”和后句“It might just work better than you think.”可知，此处是说坚持上面提到的方法，就会有效果。B项“从小事做起，让它变得有趣，然后坚持几个星期”符合语境，故选B。 五、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 ChatGPT is a chatbot (聊天程序). OpenAI created it. Since last year, the company 1 (become) one of the world’s fifty most-visited. When people ask a question online, they will get the answer to it from the chatbot. The answer reads like an essay (文章). A growing number of 2 (teacher) say it’s too late to keep AI out of their classrooms. In a recent survey, 93% of teachers said they heard of ChatGPT, and 33% used it to think of 3 (create) ideas for classes. In Washington, students used the programme to help 4 their math. In London, a teacher used ChatGPT to simplify (简化) texts for students 5 English is not good enough. ChatGPT doesn’t always get things right. But teachers say this can give a way to make students become more interested in study. Some teachers ask students 6 (check) those essays. Sarah Millard, 7 teacher in Rochester, had students critique (评论) a ChatGPT essay on Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet. She said students 8 (enjoy) it a lot. Some educators say it would be unfair to other students if teachers let some students use AI to do 9 (them) schoolwork. It’s not clear how AI will change schooling. One thing is certain: There’s no substitute (替代) for human connection. One teacher says, “I high-fived my students. I cried with my students. A computer will never do that. For the chatbot, the key is to use it 10 (correct).” 【答案】 1．has become 2．teachers 3．creative 4．with 5．whose 6．to check 7．a 8．enjoyed 9．their 10．correctly 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了聊天程序ChatGPT的发展情况，以及它在教育领域的应用（如教师和学生用它辅助教学、学习）、存在的问题，还有教育者对它的不同看法。 1．句意：自去年以来，这家公司已成为全球访问量最大的五十家公司之一。根据“Since last year, the company…one of the world’s fifty most-visited.”可知，“since+过去时间”是现在完成时的标志，结构为“have/has+过去分词”，主语“the company”是单数，“become”的过去分词是“become”。故填has become。 2．句意：越来越多的教师表示，阻止人工智能进入课堂已经太晚了。根据“A growing number of…say it’s too late to keep AI out of their classrooms.”可知，“a growing number of”后接可数名词复数，“teacher”的复数是“teachers”。故填teachers。 3．句意：在最近的一项调查中，93%的教师表示他们听说过ChatGPT，33%的教师曾用它来为课堂构思有创意的点子。根据“33% used it to think of…ideas for classes.”可知，此处用形容词作定语修饰“ideas”，create的形容词是“creative”，表示“有创意的”。故填creative。 4．句意：在华盛顿，学生们用这个程序来帮助他们学习数学。根据“In Washington, students used the programme to help…their math.”可知，此处构成“help with sth.”的固定搭配，意为“帮助做某事”。故填with。 5．句意：在伦敦，一位教师用ChatGPT为那些英语不够好的学生简化文本。根据“...for students…their English is not good enough.”可知，此处是一个句子，缺少引导词。从句“their English is not good enough”修饰“students”，应用“whose”引导定语从句，表示“那些英语不够好的学生”。故填whose。 6．句意：一些教师让学生检查这些文章。根据“Some teachers ask students…those essays.”可知，“ask sb. to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“让某人做某事”，“check”的不定式是“to check”。故填to check。 7．句意：萨拉·米勒德是罗切斯特的一名教师，她让学生们评论了一篇ChatGPT写的关于莎士比亚《罗密欧与朱丽叶》的文章。根据“Sarah Millard…teacher in Rochester”可知，此处表示“一名教师”，“teacher”是可数名词单数，且以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词“a”。故填a。 8．句意：她说学生们非常喜欢这个任务。根据“She said students…it a lot.”可知，宾语从句的时态要与主句“said”（一般过去时）保持一致，“enjoy”的过去式是“enjoyed”。故填enjoyed。 9．句意：一些教育者表示，如果教师让一些学生用人工智能完成他们的作业，这对其他学生是不公平的。根据“use AI to do…schoolwork”可知，此处修饰名词“schoolwork”，用形容词性物主代词，“them”的形容词性物主代词是“their”。故填their。 10．句意：对于这个聊天程序来说，关键是正确地使用它。根据“the key is to use it…”可知，此处修饰动词“use”，用副词，“correct”的副词是“correctly”。故填correctly。 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 寒假作业03 动词不定式作宾语补足语 （1）接不定式作宾语补足语的动词（动词+sb.+to do结构，否定式“动词+sb.+not to do” ）常见的有： tell 告诉 ask 请 order 命令 warn 警告 teach 教 want 想要 wish 希望 expect 期望 encourage 鼓励 allow 允许 invite 邀请 advise 建议 require 要求 force 强迫 如：Do you want me to find out the phone number? 你想要我找出那个电话号码吗？ （2）有些及物动词，接不定式作宾语补足语时（动词+sb.+do ），要省略to。这类及物动词常见的有： let 让 make 使 have 使 see 看见 watch 注视 hear 听到 notice 注意到 feel 感觉起来 被动语态中要还原to，如 make sb. do被动语态变为 sb. be made to do。 如：I saw him read in the library yesterday. 我昨天看到他在图书馆阅读 He was seen to read in the library yesterday. 他被看见昨天在图书馆阅读。 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 一、单项选择 1．Mobile payment allows us ________ our smartphones to pay for things ________. A．using; easy B．use; easily C．to use; easily D．to use; easy 2．Kitty’s mother makes her ________ for half an hour every morning. A．dance B．dances C．to dance D．dancing 3．Our English teacher always encourages us ________ English in public. A．speak B．speaks C．to speak D．will speak 4．My mother wants me ________ than before. A．to eat healthily B．eating healthy C．to eat more healthily D．eating more healthily 5．My mother often asks me ________ my own cloth bag when shopping. A．take B．taking C．to take D．taken 6．My parents warn me _________ too much chocolate, or I’ll become fat easily. A．to not eat B．not eating C．not to eat 7．Last weekend, we invited my best friend ______ to Mount Huangshan. A．go B．goes C．to go D．going 8．Can you remind me ________ a bottle of wine? A．buy B．to buy C．buying D．bought 9．Our English teacher always advises us ________ aloud every morning. It has a great influence ________ us. A．reading; to B．reading; on C．to read; to D．to read; on 10．This new app enables users ________ their daily exercise easily. A．to record B．record C．recorded D．recording 11．Online rules require us ________ personal information safe. A．keep B．to keep C．keeping D．kept 12．The teacher let us ________ the classroom with digital tools. A．decorate B．to decorate C．decorating D．decorated 13．My mother told me ______ too much time ______ mobile phones, because it’s bad for my eyes. A．not to spend; playing B．don’t spend; playing C．not to spend; to play D．don’t spend; to play 14．—Why are you so angry with your little sister? —Because she always requires me _________ her out to play. A．takes B．take C．to take D．taking 15．The doctor led us ________ more attention to ________ the sick pigs away from us. A．to pay; keep B．to paying; keeping C．to pay; keeping D．to paying; keep 二、用所给词的正确形式填空 16．Parents usually expect their children (be) kind and honest to others. 17．Can you help me (draw) a mind map? 18．My mother advised me not (stay) out late. 19．My mother often tells me (not throw) away old clothes—we can donate them to people in need. 20．Let’s the words loudly. (spell) 21．My parents would like me (be) a better man in the future. 22．I often hear her (read) English in the morning. 23．I watched the children (plant) trees. 24．When I was young, I often watched grandma (cook) but I never cooked anything (I). 25．My mother often teaches me (cook) in the kitchen. 一、语法选择 “What should I read next?” asked my student Tom. 1 question surprised me. This child had no interest in reading. How could he finish 2 book I downloaded for him just two days ago? “You 3 it already? How did you like it?” I asked. I wanted to find out if he had read the book 4 . “It was so sad. I could hardly believe it when ...” he told parts of the story. “When did you find the time to read it?” I still felt 5 . “Last night. It got interesting, so I listened to it all night.” Tom was actually not alone. Many children have never enjoyed reading. But now, they are enjoying one audio-book (有声书) after 6 . Some people don’t think listening to audio-books is a kind of reading. I used to think so, too. But 7 years ago, my mind was changed by my students. Surely, there is a 8 between reading a story with our eyes and listening to it with our ears. But researches show that 9 to audio-books can also help children learn new words. Most importantly, it can make them 10 in love with books. In the end, I came to see audio-books differently. They can make a huge difference for some students. So, why do we turn our backs on them? 1．A．He B．Him C．His 2．A．a B．an C．the 3．A．finish B．finished C．have finished 4．A．careful B．carefully C．carelessly 5．A．surprise B．surprised C．surprising 6．A．other B．others C．another 7．A．few B．a little C．a few 8．A．different B．difference C．differently 9．A．listening B．listen C．listens 10．A．fall B．fell C．to fall 二、完形填空 根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个能填入相应空格的最佳答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 Last month, there was an online activity from the self-help group. A mother shared a touching story 11 her autistic (自闭症) son and a little girl in his class on the Internet. She also showed a photo of a lovely 12 made by her son. And the mother started the story like this: There is a little girl called Lily in my son Jason’s class. They are good friends. They like to play outside after lunch and often sit together during class. You may think this is a usual friendship between two children, 13 it’s quite different. Whatever Jason does, Lily is always with him. She talks to him about interesting things, even though he doesn’t reply right away. She understands that he might need more time to think, but she is never 14 chatting with him. Her care and patience (耐心) are really special. As time goes by, Jason loves staying with 15 too. You can see a happy look in his eyes when she is around. Now, Jason’s situation gets worse, and he has to study online at home. At first, I was worried if Jason would 16 his school life. However, he still gets very excited and smiles brightly when he sees Lily’s face on the computer screen. He knows who she is and he understands the 17 from his friend. For Lily’s last birthday, he made this card for her by 18 choosing the colors and drawing a big, bright heart. As a mother of a child with special needs, it truly 19 my heart to see that somebody likes my son for who he is. Jason is so lucky to have Lily as his friend. I really want to give thanks to her because she makes me feel more 20 about my son’s future. It is the friendship like this that makes the world a warmer place. 11．A．among B．with C．between D．under 12．A．toy B．card C．ticket D．cake 13．A．because B．so C．but D．until 14．A．interested in B．careful with C．connected to D．tired of 15．A．him B．them C．me D．her 16．A．miss B．dislike C．remind D．change 17．A．sadness B．peace C．need D．kindness 18．A．certainly B．carefully C．angrily D．probably 19．A．breaks B．loses C．touches D．hurts 20．A．hopeful B．honest C．disappointed D．worried 三、阅读理解 Have you ever wondered why so many apps are free to use? After all, they cost money to run. Well, instead of paying with money, you’re paying by sharing your personal data (数据). Then businesses buy and use the data so that they can show you targeted ads (定向广告). What happens to personal information online? Many free apps get paid by businesses that want to know about the users of the apps. What a business wants is the exact information about customers. Companies called “data brokers” collect your data—everything from your name, location and education level to the topics you search for, the websites you visit and the people you follow, and then sell it to other brokers and businesses. __________ The data is valuable. Businesses can use the information from data brokers to target their ads. It means they will show their ads to the people who are most likely to be interested in their products or services. What can we do about it? Many countries have made laws to protect personal information. For example, a law in the United States says companies must get parents’ permission to collect personal data from kids under 13. China’s law on personal information protection came into effect on November 1, 2021. At the same time, we should try to protect our data. If an app asks for something like your location, consider saying “No” first. In short, information about you is very valuable. Try to protect it. 21．According to the passage, how can people use some apps for free? A．By sharing their personal data. B．By buying and using the data. C．By showing the targeted ads. D．By talking with friends. 22．According to the passage, which picture can describe how businesses show their targeted ads? A． B． C． D． 23．According to the passage, why do “data brokers” collect personal information? A．To use the apps for free. B．To sell the information to businesses. C．To protect users’ personal data. D．To make new laws about privacy. 24．Which of the following can be put in the “________”? A．What are people interested in? B．Why do businesses show their ads? C．Why do businesses want the data? D．What are the new products? 25．Who’s the passage written for? A．Businessmen. B．App users. C．Lawyers. D．Data brokers. 四、七选五 请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容，从方框内所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使其意思通顺，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余项。 Old habits, especially bad ones, can be hard to break. People often make fun of New Year’s resolutions because they hardly ever keep them. However, resolutions offer us big chances for self-improvement. 26 First, start with a short, strong push (推动力). According to a study about exercise habits, students who were asked to exercise 8 times in one month formed a stronger habit. 27 This is because doing something many times in a short period helps you “climb over” the first, hardest part. So remember, a short period of strong effort is key to long-term success. 28 This means you connect something you like with the new habit you want to build. In another study, researchers let a group of students listen to an attractive audio-novel, but only while they were working out at the gym. Over the next seven weeks, this group visited the gym much more often than the others. 29 These methods tell us that even if you cannot promise to do something forever, trying hard for a short time can make a real difference. So, when you make your next resolution—maybe to take up a hobby, get healthier, or study harder—remember the small tips we gave. 30 It might just work better than you think. A．Second, try the “Interest Connection” method. B．Start small, make it fun, and give it a few good weeks. C．Making your goal clear and writing it down can also help. D．As a result, after the month, they kept exercising much more than the other groups. E．Luckily, social science has some ideas about how to start a good habit and stick to it. F．So by connecting something you enjoy with a new habit, you can keep doing it more easily. 五、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 ChatGPT is a chatbot (聊天程序). OpenAI created it. Since last year, the company 1 (become) one of the world’s fifty most-visited. When people ask a question online, they will get the answer to it from the chatbot. The answer reads like an essay (文章). A growing number of 2 (teacher) say it’s too late to keep AI out of their classrooms. In a recent survey, 93% of teachers said they heard of ChatGPT, and 33% used it to think of 3 (create) ideas for classes. In Washington, students used the programme to help 4 their math. In London, a teacher used ChatGPT to simplify (简化) texts for students 5 English is not good enough. ChatGPT doesn’t always get things right. But teachers say this can give a way to make students become more interested in study. Some teachers ask students 6 (check) those essays. Sarah Millard, 7 teacher in Rochester, had students critique (评论) a ChatGPT essay on Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet. She said students 8 (enjoy) it a lot. Some educators say it would be unfair to other students if teachers let some students use AI to do 9 (them) schoolwork. It’s not clear how AI will change schooling. One thing is certain: There’s no substitute (替代) for human connection. One teacher says, “I high-fived my students. I cried with my students. A computer will never do that. For the chatbot, the key is to use it 10 (correct).” 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $