寒假作业02 动词不定式和动名词作宾语（巩固培优）八年级英语新教材外研版

限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 寒假作业02 动词不定式和动名词作宾语 动词不定式作宾语 （1）接不定式作宾语的动词（“动词+to do” 结构）常见的有： learn 学会 plan 计划 decide 决定 try 尽力 choose 选择 agree 同意 refuse 拒绝 pretend 假装 offer 主动 would like / want 想要 expect 期望 hope / wish 希望 promise 承诺 afford 负担得起 prefer 喜欢 help 帮助(help to do / help do) like 喜欢(like to do / doing) continue 继续(continue to do / doing) begin / start 开始(begin / start to do / doing) 如：I would like to have a sandwich. 我想要吃一个三明治。 （2）动词不定式作宾语，置句末，前面用it指代不定式，it是形式宾语。 如：We found it difficult to understand what you said. 我们发现很难理解你所说的话。 （3）有的动词在不定式前可加上疑问词（who，what，which等）作宾语（即“动词+疑问词+to do” 结构），常见的有：show 表明、指示；know 知道；tell 告诉；teach 教；learn 学习；decide 决定。 如：Larry didn’t know how to tell her the bad news. 拉里不知道如何告诉她这个坏消息。 动名词作宾语 （1）作动词的宾语 某些动词后只能用动名词作宾语， 不能用不定式。常见的此类动词(词组)有：advise, allow, permit, avoid, enjoy, finish, keep, mind, practice, give up, suggest, consider, keep on, can't help(情不自禁)等。 如：I have already finished reading this book. 我已经读完这本书了。 （2）作介词的宾语 介词后如果接动词作宾语， 常要用动名词形式。如：think about, worry about, be/get used to, look forward to, pay attention to等。 如：We are thinking of making a new plan for the next term. 我们正考虑为下学期制订新的计划。 We're looking forward to receiving your letter. 我们盼望收到你的来信。 其他带有动名词的常见结构： be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事 spend time/money doing sth. 花时间/钱做某事　 have difficulty/problems/trouble/fun doing sth. 做某事有困难/乐趣 be worth doing sth 值得做某事 既可以接不定式又可以接动名词的动词 1. 有的动词后面既可接动词不定式， 也可接动名词作宾语， 意义不变。如：begin, start, hate, like, love等。 2. 有些动词后接不定式或动名词时， 意义差别较大。如： forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事(事还没做) forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事(事已做) remember to do sth. 记得要做某事(事还没做) remember doing sth. 记得做过某事(事已做) stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事(去做另一件事) 　　　 stop doing sth. 停止做某事(不做了) try to do sth. 努力做某事 try doing sth. 尝试做某事 go on to do sth. 继续去做某事(继续做不同的事) 　 go on doing sth. 继续不停地做某事(同一动作的继续) 如：Don't forget to close the windows before you leave. 你离开前别忘记关窗户。 Have you forgotten meeting her in Beijing Airport? 你忘了在北京机场已经见过她了吗？ 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 一、单项选择 1．Smart home devices make it more convenient ________ your home appliances remotely. A．control B．controlled C．to control D．controlling 2．—Tom, I don’t know how ________ a school club. —How about ________ your class teacher for help? A．to choose; to ask B．choose; to ask C．to choose; asking D．choose; asking 3．If you expect ________ the competition, you must put your heart into training every day. A．win B．to win C．winning 4．Jim is interested in dance and he plans ________ dance lessons next month. A．take B．not take C．to take D．not to take 5．My sister hopes __________ a famous singer one day. A．become B．becomes C．becoming D．to become 6．I decide ________ to the mountains, but my sister wants ________ at home. A．going; staying B．to go; staying C．going; to stay D．to go; to stay 7．Try to sing more English songs, and you will find ________ interesting ________ a foreign language. A．it, learning B．that, learn C．it, learn D．it, to learn 8．—What do you think of the math problem? —It is so difficult. I really don’t know ________. A．how to do it B．what to do it C．how to do D．what do it 9．—I’m sorry I ________ my homework at home. —Don’t forget ________ it to school tomorrow. A．left; to bring B．forgot; to take C．left; to take D．forgot; to bring 10．Baker often likes to choose _________ basketball with his friends after school. A．plays B．play C．playing D．to play 11．I couldn’t wait ________ the box as soon as I received the gift. A．to open B．open C．opening 12．I had problems ________ shoelaces by myself when I was little. A．tying B．tied C．to tie D．tie 13．I have a cold and feel terrible, so I don’t feel like ________ anything. A．eat B．to eat C．eating 14．—Why does he keep on ________ his hands? —It seems that he just would like to keep them ________. A．washing; cleaning B．to wash; clean C．washing; clean 15．To reduce the air pollution, we should take the bus or subway instead of ________. A．drive B．drove C．driving D．to drive 二、用所给词的正确形式填空 16．My friend agrees (go) swimming with me next week. 17．During the National Day holiday, my family visited Guilin. When we walked along the Li River, many tourists stopped (take) photos of the beautiful mountains and rivers. 18．I’d love (learn) English well as it’s important for us. 19．He prefers (stay) at home rather than go out on weekends. 20．We managed (spare) an hour to practice English every day and our language skills improved. 21．This company is always trying (produce) the newest toys all by itself. 22．The company offered (give) him a high-paying job after the interview. 23．Adam failed (catch) the early bus because of the accident, so he was late for school. 24．To avoid (get) fat, I never eat sweet food. 25．The young musicians practise (mix) the traditional and modern music styles. 26．Laura enjoys (add) milk to her coffee to make it tasty. 27．Stop (worry) about the boy. He will be better soon. 28．The little girl ran out of the house without (take) her schoolbag. 29．Both Tim and I are good at (play) basketball. 30．If you have time, it is worth (try) the local food. 一、语法选择 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。 Last month, every student in my school took part in the Real Care Baby Project. We had to take home a “baby” to care for one day. The “baby” looked like a doll, but she had similar weight to 1 real baby and cried at any time. I didn’t expect 2 I had to do in the following 24 hours. On my way home, the “baby” suddenly cried. I was quite worried and tried 3 her down. The crying made everyone look at me. Finally, I calmed down my “baby” by rocking (摇晃) her for a long time, even though both of my 4 hurt. Once I got home, I 5 placed my “baby” on my bed and started doing my homework. I thought the “baby” would give me some time to 6 . But I was wrong. Just about 10 minutes later, she started crying yet again. I spent a lot of time rocking and feeding her, even at 3:30 am. 7 tiring job. Through this, I now have a deeper understanding about parents than before. They have to look after, love 8 care for their child almost all the time. Most importantly, my parents 9 this for 14 years. We could never give back to our parents as 10 as they give us. However, our parents never ask us to pay them back. 1．A．/ B．a C．the 2．A．what B．that C．how 3．A．calm B．to calm C．calming 4．A．arm B．arms C．arm’s 5．A．care B．careful C．carefully 6．A．I B．my C．myself 7．A．How B．What C．What a 8．A．and B．but C．or 9．A．do B．did C．have done 10．A．much B．many C．more 二、完形填空 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。 Peter is a violinist and music teacher in a village. He 11 with many world-famous musicians. The 69-year-old man is sharing his love of music with the 12 in his hometown by doing something special. The 13 of instruments is rising, so it is hard for the family to buy a violin. Peter thinks that the only way of getting instruments into the hands of future musicians is to build them himself. He tries many ways to build the violins. 14 , he decides to make violins with wood. In his home workshop, Peter can build a violin for about $20. Buying a 15 violin costs much more—about $150. In his hometown, people there are very poor. It seems 16 for them to spend so much money buying a violin. Peter 17 his violins “bottle” violins. They don’t look like the real thing, but they sound just like the real thing. Peter gives free 18 to young children. He teaches them to play the violin. He 19 the children in the park on Sundays. To his joy, many children walk miles in order to take lessons with him. Peter builds these special violins in hope of 20 his love of music with more children, even though he himself is poor. Showing his new violin invention, Peter says online, “When you love music, there is nothing that should stop you from showing love for it.” 11．A．performs B．draws C．runs D．walks 12．A．doctors B．children C．women D．teachers 13．A．picture B．sound C．price D．energy 14．A．Suddenly B．Really C．Usually D．Finally 15．A．funny B．small C．real D．big 16．A．impossible B．important C．useful D．helpful 17．A．knocks B．gives C．buys D．calls 18．A．food B．lessons C．books D．time 19．A．waits for B．laughs at C．looks for D．learns from 20．A．hiding B．bringing C．sharing D．catching 三、阅读理解 Researchers from Peking University created a new tool called ThermoFace. Different from older ways to look at one’s body temperature, it looks at different parts of the face to check people’s age and health. ________ The face has many blood vessels (血管). With their help, ThermoFace can find “hot” and “cool” areas in the face that change with age and illness. For example, as people become older, the temperature of their nose goes down faster than other parts of their face. If someone’s nose is warmer, it means he has a younger age. However, the area around the eyes usually gets hotter as people get older. Scientists also find that people with high blood pressure (血压) have warmer cheeks. With ThermoFace, doctors can notice people’s illness earlier. They can do more tests and give advice. Can ThermoFace work perfectly? Will ThermoFace work the same for everyone? We still don’t know. Other factors, like exercise and eating ice cream, can change the temperature of your face. The tool can’t tell us why something happened, but it can show doctors that there might be a problem. ThermoFace is helpful for research (研究), but we still need to find out if it can be used in real life to help doctors. 21．What can ThermoFace mainly do? A．It can tell someone’s name. B．It can check someone’s health. C．It can change someone’s face. D．It can take someone’s temperature. 22．Which of the following can be put in “________”? A．How does ThermoFace work? B．Why can ThermoFace show age? C．Where does the idea come from? D．When does the temperature get higher? 23．Which is probably the result of the research? (area of eyes: — area of nose:--) A． B． C． D． 24．What does the underlined word “factors” mean in Paragraph 3? A．问题 B．秘密 C．因素 D．运动 25．What does the writer think of ThermoFace in real-life use? A．Helpful. B．Difficult. C．Successful. D．Unsure. 四、七选五 请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意， 然后根据短文内容从文后的七个选项中选择五个还原到文中，使短文意思通顺、结构完整。一空一句。 Sometimes you might feel it impossible to get on with your parents. But in fact, it isn’t as difficult as you think. 26 Spend more time with your parents. Your parents won’t always be around, so try to spend more time with them. This doesn’t mean just sitting in front of the TV together. 27 By doing them, all of you will feel happy and relaxed. Talk with your parents more often. In order to understand them better, you should talk with them more often. 28 For example, you could ask them about their own childhood. In this way, you will understand them better. 29 Sometimes your parents also want to learn more about you. Just do your best to open your heart to them. When possible, talk to them about something at school or what you really want to be in the future. Make your parents feel proud (自豪的). 30 By working hard, you can do well at school or win prizes in games. They will think how lucky they are to have you and be more willing (愿意的) to talk about you in front of others. A．Instead, you should do more activities with your parents together. B．You are proud of your parents. C．There are always some ways to make your parents feel good about you. D．Follow these ways, and then you’ll improve your relationship (关系) with them. E．Share your feelings with your parents. F．Try to learn more about them. G．Parents should be strict with their children. 五、选词填空 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 choose   with   and   however   allow   they   attend   busy   dinner   movie   because   she Do you often hang out (闲逛) with your friends? Maybe you think you are too 1 with study, so you don’t have time to be with your friends. 2 having fun with friends can bring you lots of help. What can you do when you hang out with your friends? You may like to go shopping or watch 3 together. You can also have 4 or play a sport, like playing basketball in the park. You can 5 to do anything you like with your friends. Remember, it doesn’t matter what you do together, but who you spend time 6 is the most important. Why do you need to hang out with friends? Hanging out with friends is a lot of fun. You can talk freely, 7 any silly topic can become interesting. Your friends’ jokes can make you happy. Hanging out can also help you keep friendships. When you do things together, like 8 parties or playing games, you learn more about each other. Spending time together 9 you and your friends to stay close to each other. It is also good for developing social skills. You may meet more new friends and learn how to deal with (应对) different ideas from 10 . So, are you ready to have fun with your friends? 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 寒假作业02 动词不定式和动名词作宾语 动词不定式作宾语 （1）接不定式作宾语的动词（“动词+to do” 结构）常见的有： learn 学会 plan 计划 decide 决定 try 尽力 choose 选择 agree 同意 refuse 拒绝 pretend 假装 offer 主动 would like / want 想要 expect 期望 hope / wish 希望 promise 承诺 afford 负担得起 prefer 喜欢 help 帮助(help to do / help do) like 喜欢(like to do / doing) continue 继续(continue to do / doing) begin / start 开始(begin / start to do / doing) 如：I would like to have a sandwich. 我想要吃一个三明治。 （2）动词不定式作宾语，置句末，前面用it指代不定式，it是形式宾语。 如：We found it difficult to understand what you said. 我们发现很难理解你所说的话。 （3）有的动词在不定式前可加上疑问词（who，what，which等）作宾语（即“动词+疑问词+to do” 结构），常见的有：show 表明、指示；know 知道；tell 告诉；teach 教；learn 学习；decide 决定。 如：Larry didn’t know how to tell her the bad news. 拉里不知道如何告诉她这个坏消息。 动名词作宾语 （1）作动词的宾语 某些动词后只能用动名词作宾语， 不能用不定式。常见的此类动词(词组)有：advise, allow, permit, avoid, enjoy, finish, keep, mind, practice, give up, suggest, consider, keep on, can't help(情不自禁)等。 如：I have already finished reading this book. 我已经读完这本书了。 （2）作介词的宾语 介词后如果接动词作宾语， 常要用动名词形式。如：think about, worry about, be/get used to, look forward to, pay attention to等。 如：We are thinking of making a new plan for the next term. 我们正考虑为下学期制订新的计划。 We're looking forward to receiving your letter. 我们盼望收到你的来信。 其他带有动名词的常见结构： be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事 spend time/money doing sth. 花时间/钱做某事　 have difficulty/problems/trouble/fun doing sth. 做某事有困难/乐趣 be worth doing sth 值得做某事 既可以接不定式又可以接动名词的动词 1. 有的动词后面既可接动词不定式， 也可接动名词作宾语， 意义不变。如：begin, start, hate, like, love等。 2. 有些动词后接不定式或动名词时， 意义差别较大。如： forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事(事还没做) forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事(事已做) remember to do sth. 记得要做某事(事还没做) remember doing sth. 记得做过某事(事已做) stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事(去做另一件事) 　　　 stop doing sth. 停止做某事(不做了) try to do sth. 努力做某事 try doing sth. 尝试做某事 go on to do sth. 继续去做某事(继续做不同的事) 　 go on doing sth. 继续不停地做某事(同一动作的继续) 如：Don't forget to close the windows before you leave. 你离开前别忘记关窗户。 Have you forgotten meeting her in Beijing Airport? 你忘了在北京机场已经见过她了吗？ 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 一、单项选择 1．Smart home devices make it more convenient ________ your home appliances remotely. A．control B．controlled C．to control D．controlling 【答案】C 【详解】句意：智能家居设备让远程控制家用电器更加方便。 考查动词不定式作宾语。句中“make it+adj.+to do sth.”为固定结构，其中“it”是形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词不定式“to control”。故选C。 2．—Tom, I don’t know how ________ a school club. —How about ________ your class teacher for help? A．to choose; to ask B．choose; to ask C．to choose; asking D．choose; asking 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——Tom，我不知道如何选择一个学校俱乐部。——向你的班主任寻求帮助怎么样？ 考查非谓语。第一空，在I don’t know how to do something结构中，疑问词how后应接不定式（to+动词原形），表示如何做某事；第二空，How about是固定搭配，后接动名词（动词-ing形式），表示建议，故填asking。故选C。 3．If you expect ________ the competition, you must put your heart into training every day. A．win B．to win C．winning 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果你期望赢得比赛，你必须每天用心训练。 考查非谓语动词。win赢，动词原形；to win赢，不定式；winning赢，动名词/现在分词 。expect to do sth.“期望做某事”，expect后接动词不定式作宾语。故选B。 4．Jim is interested in dance and he plans ________ dance lessons next month. A．take B．not take C．to take D．not to take 【答案】C 【详解】句意：吉姆对舞蹈感兴趣，他计划下个月上舞蹈课。 考查非谓语动词。plan (not) to do sth.表示“计划（不）做某事”，根据“Jim is interested in dance”可知应是计划去上舞蹈课，用肯定形式。故选C。 5．My sister hopes __________ a famous singer one day. A．become B．becomes C．becoming D．to become 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我姐姐希望有一天成为一名著名的歌手。 考查动词不定式。动词hope后需接不定式（to do）表示“希望做某事”。故选D。 6．I decide ________ to the mountains, but my sister wants ________ at home. A．going; staying B．to go; staying C．going; to stay D．to go; to stay 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我决定去山里，但是我妹妹想待在家里。 考查动词不定式的用法。第一个空，decide to do sth“决定做某事”，需用动词不定式to go作宾语；第二个空，want to do sth“想要做某事”，需用动词不定式to stay作宾语。故选D。 7．Try to sing more English songs, and you will find ________ interesting ________ a foreign language. A．it, learning B．that, learn C．it, learn D．it, to learn 【答案】D 【详解】句意：尝试多唱英文歌，你会发现学习一门外语很有趣。 考查it固定句型。根据“and you will find…interesting…a foreign language”可知，此处是“find it+adj.+to do sth.”结构，其中it作形式宾语，动词不定式作真正的宾语，第一空使用it，第二空使用to learn。故选D。 8．—What do you think of the math problem? —It is so difficult. I really don’t know ________. A．how to do it B．what to do it C．how to do D．what do it 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你觉得这个数学题怎么样？——它太难了。我真的不知道如何解决它。 考查疑问词+不定式的用法。“疑问词+不定式”作know的宾语时，需要注意疑问词的功能：how是方式副词，需与及物动词do的宾语搭配，即“how to do it（如何做这道题）”；what是代词，可直接作do的宾语，结构应为“what to do”，无需额外加it。故选A。 9．—I’m sorry I ________ my homework at home. —Don’t forget ________ it to school tomorrow. A．left; to bring B．forgot; to take C．left; to take D．forgot; to bring 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——对不起，我把作业落在家里了。 ——不要忘记明天把它带到学校来。 考查动词辨析。left忘了带；bring带来；forgot忘记；take带走。根据“—I’m sorry I...my homework at home. —Don’t forget...it to school tomorrow.”可知，第一空，此处是指把作业落在家里，时态用一般过去时态，left“留下”；第二空，把作业从家带到学校（说话者所在处），应该用bring，forget to do sth.“忘记要做某事”，句中“别忘了带”是“忘记要做的动作”，因此用不定式to bring。故选A。 10．Baker often likes to choose _________ basketball with his friends after school. A．plays B．play C．playing D．to play 【答案】D 【详解】句意：贝克经常喜欢在放学后选择和朋友打篮球。 考查非谓语动词。choose后常接不定式，“choose to do sth”表示“选择做某事”。故选D。 11．I couldn’t wait ________ the box as soon as I received the gift. A．to open B．open C．opening 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我一收到礼物，就迫不及待要打开盒子。 考查动词不定式作宾语。固定搭配couldn’t wait to do something表示迫不及待做某事， wait后接动词不定式（to do）作宾语。故选A。 12．I had problems ________ shoelaces by myself when I was little. A．tying B．tied C．to tie D．tie 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我小时候自己系鞋带会有困难。 考查非谓语动词。tying动名词；tied过去分词；to tie不定式；tie动词原形。根据“had problems”可知，此处是have problems (in) doing something句型，表示“做某事有困难”，句中表示系鞋带有困难，tie“系”应用动名词形式。故选A。 13．I have a cold and feel terrible, so I don’t feel like ________ anything. A．eat B．to eat C．eating 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我感冒了，感觉很不舒服，所以我什么都不想吃。 考查非谓语。feel like doing sth.“想要做某事”，是固定搭配，空处应是eating。故选C。 14．—Why does he keep on ________ his hands? —It seems that he just would like to keep them ________. A．washing; cleaning B．to wash; clean C．washing; clean 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——他为什么一直不停地洗手？——好像他只是想让手保持干净。 考查非谓语动词和形容词。washing洗，动名词；to wash洗，动词不定式；cleaning打扫，动名词；clean干净的，形容词。keep on doing sth.一直做某事；keep sth.+形容词，使某物保持某种状态。根据“keep on...his hands”可知，第一空用动名词washing；根据“keep them...”可知，第二空用形容词clean。故选C。 15．To reduce the air pollution, we should take the bus or subway instead of ________. A．drive B．drove C．driving D．to drive 【答案】C 【详解】句意：为了减少空气污染，我们应该乘坐公交车或地铁，而不是开车。 考查非谓语动词。drive动词原形；drove过去式；driving动名词/现在分词；to drive动词不定式。固定搭配“instead of”中“of”是介词，后接动词时需用动名词形式，driving符合语法要求。故选C。 二、用所给词的正确形式填空 16．My friend agrees (go) swimming with me next week. 【答案】to go 【详解】句意：我的朋友同意下星期和我一起去游泳。go“去”，agree to do sth.“同意去做某事”，为固定搭配，这里要填一个动词不定式。故填to go。 17．During the National Day holiday, my family visited Guilin. When we walked along the Li River, many tourists stopped (take) photos of the beautiful mountains and rivers. 【答案】to take 【详解】句意：国庆假期期间，我们一家游览了桂林。当我们沿着漓江行走时，许多游客停下来拍美丽的山水照。take“拍摄”，stop to do sth.“停下来去做某事”，因此填动词不定式。故填to take。 18．I’d love (learn) English well as it’s important for us. 【答案】to learn 【详解】句意：我很想学好英语，因为它对我们很重要。would love to do sth.意为“想要做某事”，所以此处应用动词不定式形式。learn“学习”，动词，其不定式形式为to learn。故填to learn。 19．He prefers (stay) at home rather than go out on weekends. 【答案】to stay 【详解】句意：在周末，他宁愿待在家里也不愿出去。stay“待，停留”，动词；固定搭配“prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.”，意为“宁愿做某事也不愿做另一件事”。故填to stay。 20．We managed (spare) an hour to practice English every day and our language skills improved. 【答案】to spare 【详解】句意：我们设法每天抽出一个小时来练习英语，我们的语言技能得到了提高。spare“抽出（时间）”，动词；manage to do sth.意为“设法做成某事”，所以此处应用动词不定式to spare作宾语。故填to spare。 21．This company is always trying (produce) the newest toys all by itself. 【答案】to produce 【详解】句意：这家公司一直试图独自生产最新的玩具。根据“trying”可知，此处考查try to do sth.结构，意为“试图做某事”，需用动词不定式形式。produce的不定式形式是to produce。故填to produce。 22．The company offered (give) him a high-paying job after the interview. 【答案】to give 【详解】句意：面试后，公司提出给他一份高薪工作。“offer to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“主动提出做某事”，此处需用动词不定式作宾语。故填to give。 23．Adam failed (catch) the early bus because of the accident, so he was late for school. 【答案】to catch 【详解】句意：亚当因为那场事故没能赶上早班车，所以他上学迟到了。根据“because of the accident, so he was late for school”可知，他没赶上早班车，固定结构“fail to do sth.”意为“未能做某事”。故填to catch。 24．To avoid (get) fat, I never eat sweet food. 【答案】getting 【详解】句意：为了避免发胖，我从不吃甜食。avoid doing sth“避免做某事”，为固定短语，此处应用动名词作宾语。故填getting。 25．The young musicians practise (mix) the traditional and modern music styles. 【答案】mixing 【详解】句意：这些年轻的音乐家们练习把传统和现代音乐风格融合在一起。mix“融合，混合”，动词；practise后接动名词作宾语，mix的动名词形式是mixing。故填mixing。 26．Laura enjoys (add) milk to her coffee to make it tasty. 【答案】adding 【详解】句意：劳拉喜欢在咖啡里加牛奶，使咖啡味道更好。enjoy“喜欢”，enjoy doing sth.“喜欢做某事”，因此填动名词“adding”。故填“adding”。 27．Stop (worry) about the boy. He will be better soon. 【答案】worrying 【详解】句意：别担心那个男孩了。他很快就会好起来的。worry“担心”，动词；结合句意可知，这里表示“停止担心那个男孩”，stop doing sth.“停止做某事”。故填worrying。 28．The little girl ran out of the house without (take) her schoolbag. 【答案】taking 【详解】句意：这个小女孩没有拿书包就跑出了房子。根据“without”可知，without为介词，后接动名词作宾语，take“拿”，动词，其动名词形式为taking。故填taking。 29．Both Tim and I are good at (play) basketball. 【答案】playing 【详解】句意：蒂姆和我都擅长打篮球。play“玩，打（球）”是动词。be good at doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“擅长做某事”，因此填动名词。故填playing。 30．If you have time, it is worth (try) the local food. 【答案】trying 【详解】句意：​ 如果你有时间，值得去尝尝当地的食物。“It is worth doing sth.”是一个固定句型，意为“值得做某事”，其中worth是形容词，其后必须接动名词doing作宾语，用主动形式表示被动含义。括号中给出的动词是“try”，故应将其变为动名词形式。故填trying。 一、语法选择 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。 Last month, every student in my school took part in the Real Care Baby Project. We had to take home a “baby” to care for one day. The “baby” looked like a doll, but she had similar weight to 1 real baby and cried at any time. I didn’t expect 2 I had to do in the following 24 hours. On my way home, the “baby” suddenly cried. I was quite worried and tried 3 her down. The crying made everyone look at me. Finally, I calmed down my “baby” by rocking (摇晃) her for a long time, even though both of my 4 hurt. Once I got home, I 5 placed my “baby” on my bed and started doing my homework. I thought the “baby” would give me some time to 6 . But I was wrong. Just about 10 minutes later, she started crying yet again. I spent a lot of time rocking and feeding her, even at 3:30 am. 7 tiring job. Through this, I now have a deeper understanding about parents than before. They have to look after, love 8 care for their child almost all the time. Most importantly, my parents 9 this for 14 years. We could never give back to our parents as 10 as they give us. However, our parents never ask us to pay them back. 1．A．/ B．a C．the 2．A．what B．that C．how 3．A．calm B．to calm C．calming 4．A．arm B．arms C．arm’s 5．A．care B．careful C．carefully 6．A．I B．my C．myself 7．A．How B．What C．What a 8．A．and B．but C．or 9．A．do B．did C．have done 10．A．much B．many C．more 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．C 6．C 7．C 8．A 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文讲述了作者参加学校组织的活动的经历。通过照顾一个模拟婴儿24小时，作者深刻体会到父母养育孩子的艰辛。 1．句意：这个“婴儿”看起来像一个洋娃娃，但她的体重和一个真正的婴儿相似，而且随时会哭。 /不填；a一个，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表示特指。此处泛指一个真正的婴儿，且real以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故选B。 2．句意：我没想到在接下来的24小时里我要做什么。 what什么；that那个；how如何。此处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作do的宾语，用what引导。故选A。 3．句意：我很担心，试图让她平静下来。 calm使平静，动词原形；to calm动词不定式；calming动名词或现在分词。try to do sth“试图做某事”，固定短语。故选B。 4．句意：最后，我摇晃了她很长时间，终于让她平静下来，尽管我的两只胳膊都疼了。 arm胳膊，单数形式；arms胳膊，复数形式；arm’s胳膊的，名词所有格。根据“both of my...hurt”可知，此处指两只胳膊，用复数形式。故选B。 5．句意：一到家，我就小心地把“婴儿”放在床上，开始做作业。 care关心，名词或动词；careful仔细的，形容词；carefully仔细地，副词。此处修饰动词placed，用副词carefully。故选C。 6．句意：我以为“婴儿”会给我一些时间独处。 I我，主格；my我的，形容词性物主代词；myself我自己，反身代词。根据“I thought the ‘baby’ would give me some time to...”可知，此处指给自己一些时间独处，用反身代词myself。故选C。 7．句意：多么累人的工作啊！ How多么，修饰形容词或副词；What多么，修饰名词；What a多么，修饰可数名词单数。此处修饰可数名词单数job，用What a。故选C。 8．句意：他们几乎要一直照顾、爱护和关心他们的孩子。 and和；but但是；or或者。此处“look after, love”和“care for”为并列关系，用and连接。故选A。 9．句意：最重要的是，我的父母已经这样做了14年。 do做，动词原形；did过去式；have done现在完成时。根据“for 14 years”可知，此处用现在完成时。故选C。 10．句意：我们永远无法像父母给予我们的那样多地回报父母。 much许多，修饰不可数名词；many许多，修饰可数名词复数；more更多。此处much代表了父母给予子女的“爱、关怀、支持等”的数量或程度。as much as“和……一样多”。故选A。 二、完形填空 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。 Peter is a violinist and music teacher in a village. He 11 with many world-famous musicians. The 69-year-old man is sharing his love of music with the 12 in his hometown by doing something special. The 13 of instruments is rising, so it is hard for the family to buy a violin. Peter thinks that the only way of getting instruments into the hands of future musicians is to build them himself. He tries many ways to build the violins. 14 , he decides to make violins with wood. In his home workshop, Peter can build a violin for about $20. Buying a 15 violin costs much more—about $150. In his hometown, people there are very poor. It seems 16 for them to spend so much money buying a violin. Peter 17 his violins “bottle” violins. They don’t look like the real thing, but they sound just like the real thing. Peter gives free 18 to young children. He teaches them to play the violin. He 19 the children in the park on Sundays. To his joy, many children walk miles in order to take lessons with him. Peter builds these special violins in hope of 20 his love of music with more children, even though he himself is poor. Showing his new violin invention, Peter says online, “When you love music, there is nothing that should stop you from showing love for it.” 11．A．performs B．draws C．runs D．walks 12．A．doctors B．children C．women D．teachers 13．A．picture B．sound C．price D．energy 14．A．Suddenly B．Really C．Usually D．Finally 15．A．funny B．small C．real D．big 16．A．impossible B．important C．useful D．helpful 17．A．knocks B．gives C．buys D．calls 18．A．food B．lessons C．books D．time 19．A．waits for B．laughs at C．looks for D．learns from 20．A．hiding B．bringing C．sharing D．catching 【答案】 11．A 12．B 13．C 14．D 15．C 16．A 17．D 18．B 19．A 20．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了乡村音乐教师彼得，因乐器价格高昂，决定自制小提琴，并以低价或免费的方式传授给孩子们，希望与更多孩子分享对音乐的热爱。 11．句意：他与许多世界著名的音乐家一起表演。 performs表演；draws画画；runs跑步；walks走路。根据“Peter is a violinist and music teacher in a village.”可知，彼得是一名小提琴家，所以此处指他与许多世界著名的音乐家一起“表演”。故选A。 12．句意：这位69岁的老人正在通过做一些特别的事情与家乡的孩子们分享他对音乐的热爱。 doctors医生；children孩子；women女人；teachers老师。根据下文“Peter gives free...to young children.”可知，此处指与家乡的“孩子们”分享他对音乐的热爱。故选B。 13．句意：乐器的价格在上涨，所以这个家庭很难买到一把小提琴。 picture图片；sound声音；price价格；energy能量。根据“so it is hard for the family to buy a violin”可知，此处指乐器的“价格”在上涨。故选C。 14．句意：最后，他决定用木头做小提琴。 Suddenly突然；Really真的；Usually通常；Finally最后。根据“He tries many ways to build the violins...he decides to make violins with wood.”可知，此处指尝试了很多方法后，“最后”决定用木头做小提琴。故选D。 15．句意：买一把真正的小提琴要贵得多——大约150美元。 funny有趣的；small小的；real真正的；big大的。根据“In his home workshop, Peter can build a violin for about $20.”及“They don't look like the real thing, but they sound just like the real thing.”可知，此处指“真正的”小提琴。故选C。 16．句意：对他们来说，花这么多钱买一把小提琴似乎是不可能的。 impossible不可能的；important重要的；useful有用的；helpful有帮助的。根据“In his hometown, people there are very poor.”可知，此处指花这么多钱买一把小提琴对他们来说似乎“不可能”。故选A。 17．句意：彼得把他的小提琴叫做“瓶子”小提琴。 knocks敲；gives给；buys买；calls称呼。根据“his violins ‘bottle’ violins”可知，此处指“称呼”他的小提琴为“瓶子”小提琴。故选D。 18．句意：彼得免费给小孩子上课。 food食物；lessons课程；books书；time时间。根据“He teaches them to play the violin.”可知，此处指免费给小孩子上“课”。故选B。 19．句意：他星期天在公园等孩子们。 waits for等待；laughs at嘲笑；looks for寻找；learns from向……学习。根据“He teaches them to play the violin.”及“the children in the park on Sundays”可知，此处指在公园“等”孩子们来上课。故选A。 20．句意：彼得制作这些特别的小提琴，希望能与更多的孩子分享他对音乐的热爱，尽管他自己也很穷。 hiding隐藏；bringing带来；sharing分享；catching抓住。根据“his love of music with more children”及“Showing his new violin invention, Peter says online, ‘When you love music, there is nothing that should stop you from showing love for it.’”可知，此处指“分享”他对音乐的热爱。故选C。 三、阅读理解 Researchers from Peking University created a new tool called ThermoFace. Different from older ways to look at one’s body temperature, it looks at different parts of the face to check people’s age and health. ________ The face has many blood vessels (血管). With their help, ThermoFace can find “hot” and “cool” areas in the face that change with age and illness. For example, as people become older, the temperature of their nose goes down faster than other parts of their face. If someone’s nose is warmer, it means he has a younger age. However, the area around the eyes usually gets hotter as people get older. Scientists also find that people with high blood pressure (血压) have warmer cheeks. With ThermoFace, doctors can notice people’s illness earlier. They can do more tests and give advice. Can ThermoFace work perfectly? Will ThermoFace work the same for everyone? We still don’t know. Other factors, like exercise and eating ice cream, can change the temperature of your face. The tool can’t tell us why something happened, but it can show doctors that there might be a problem. ThermoFace is helpful for research (研究), but we still need to find out if it can be used in real life to help doctors. 21．What can ThermoFace mainly do? A．It can tell someone’s name. B．It can check someone’s health. C．It can change someone’s face. D．It can take someone’s temperature. 22．Which of the following can be put in “________”? A．How does ThermoFace work? B．Why can ThermoFace show age? C．Where does the idea come from? D．When does the temperature get higher? 23．Which is probably the result of the research? (area of eyes: — area of nose:--) A． B． C． D． 24．What does the underlined word “factors” mean in Paragraph 3? A．问题 B．秘密 C．因素 D．运动 25．What does the writer think of ThermoFace in real-life use? A．Helpful. B．Difficult. C．Successful. D．Unsure. 【答案】21．B 22．A 23．A 24．C 25．D 【导语】本文讲述了北京大学研究人员开发的一种名为ThermoFace的新型工具，该工具通过分析人脸不同部位的温度来评估人的年龄和健康状况。 21．细节理解题。根据“Different from older ways to look at one’s body temperature, it looks at different parts of the face to check people’s age and health.”可知，ThermoFace可以通过观察脸的不同部位来检查人们的年龄和健康状况。因此，它可以检查某人的健康状况。故选B。 22．推理判断题。根据下文“The face has many blood vessels (血管). With their help, ThermoFace can find ‘hot’ and ‘cool’ areas in the face that change with age and illness.”可知，本段主要介绍了ThermoFace是如何工作的，即它是如何通过观察脸部的血管来发现与年龄和疾病相关的“热”和“冷”区域的。因此，选项“How does ThermoFace work?”可以放在空白处，作为本段的主题句。故选A。 23．推理判断题。根据“For example, as people become older, the temperature of their nose goes down faster than other parts of the face. If someone’s nose is warmer, it means he has a younger age. However, the area around the eyes usually gets hotter as people get older.”可知，随着年龄的增长，鼻子的温度下降得比脸部其他部位快，而眼睛周围的区域通常会变得更热。故选A。 24．词句猜测题。根据“Other factors, like exercise and eating ice cream, can change the temperature of your face.”可知，其他像运动和吃冰淇淋这样的，可以改变你脸部的温度。根据句意和选项可知，此处“factors”指的是“因素”，即影响脸部温度变化的原因。因此，选项“因素”符合题意。故选C。 25．观点态度题。根据“ThermoFace is helpful for research (研究), but we still need to find out if it can be used in real life to help doctors.”可知，作者认为ThermoFace对研究有帮助，但仍然需要确定它是否能在现实生活中帮助医生。由此可推断出，作者对ThermoFace在现实生活中的使用持不确定的态度。故选D。 四、七选五 请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意， 然后根据短文内容从文后的七个选项中选择五个还原到文中，使短文意思通顺、结构完整。一空一句。 Sometimes you might feel it impossible to get on with your parents. But in fact, it isn’t as difficult as you think. 26 Spend more time with your parents. Your parents won’t always be around, so try to spend more time with them. This doesn’t mean just sitting in front of the TV together. 27 By doing them, all of you will feel happy and relaxed. Talk with your parents more often. In order to understand them better, you should talk with them more often. 28 For example, you could ask them about their own childhood. In this way, you will understand them better. 29 Sometimes your parents also want to learn more about you. Just do your best to open your heart to them. When possible, talk to them about something at school or what you really want to be in the future. Make your parents feel proud (自豪的). 30 By working hard, you can do well at school or win prizes in games. They will think how lucky they are to have you and be more willing (愿意的) to talk about you in front of others. A．Instead, you should do more activities with your parents together. B．You are proud of your parents. C．There are always some ways to make your parents feel good about you. D．Follow these ways, and then you’ll improve your relationship (关系) with them. E．Share your feelings with your parents. F．Try to learn more about them. G．Parents should be strict with their children. 【答案】26．D 27．A 28．F 29．E 30．C 【导语】本文是说明文。文章围绕“如何改善与父母的关系”展开，给出了具体的相处建议。 26．根据上文“Sometimes you might feel it impossible to get on with your parents.But in fact, it isn’t as difficult as you think.”和下文“Spend more time with your parents.”、“Talk and share with your parents more often.”可知, 下文介绍了与父母相处的一些方法。选项D“遵循这些方法，你会改善和他们的关系”符合语境。故选D。 27．根据上文“This doesn’t mean just sitting in front of the TV together.”可知，此处是建议做更多共同活动，选项A“相反，你应该和父母一起做更多活动”衔接自然，符合语境。故选A。 28．根据下文“For example, you could ask them about their own childhood. In this way, you will understand them better.”可知，此处是建议“多了解父母”，选项F“试着更多地了解他们”符合语境。故选F。 29．根据下文“Sometimes your parents also want to learn more about you. Just do your best to open your heart to them.”可知，此处是建议“和父母分享感受”，选项E“和父母分享你的感受”符合语境。故选E。 30．根据上文“Make your parents feel proud.”可知，此处是说明“让父母对你满意的方法”，选项C“总有办法让父母对你满意”衔接合理。故选C。 五、选词填空 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 choose   with   and   however   allow   they   attend   busy   dinner   movie   because   she Do you often hang out (闲逛) with your friends? Maybe you think you are too 1 with study, so you don’t have time to be with your friends. 2 having fun with friends can bring you lots of help. What can you do when you hang out with your friends? You may like to go shopping or watch 3 together. You can also have 4 or play a sport, like playing basketball in the park. You can 5 to do anything you like with your friends. Remember, it doesn’t matter what you do together, but who you spend time 6 is the most important. Why do you need to hang out with friends? Hanging out with friends is a lot of fun. You can talk freely, 7 any silly topic can become interesting. Your friends’ jokes can make you happy. Hanging out can also help you keep friendships. When you do things together, like 8 parties or playing games, you learn more about each other. Spending time together 9 you and your friends to stay close to each other. It is also good for developing social skills. You may meet more new friends and learn how to deal with (应对) different ideas from 10 . So, are you ready to have fun with your friends? 【答案】 1．busy 2．However 3．movies 4．dinner 5．choose 6．with 7．and 8．attending 9．allows 10．them 【导语】本文主要讲述了和朋友闲逛的活动选择及好处，鼓励大家多和朋友相处。 1．句意：也许你觉得自己学习太忙了，所以没时间和朋友在一起。根据“too ...with study”及备选词可知，此处表示忙碌于学习，busy“忙碌的”；be busy with是固定短语。故填busy。 2．句意：然而，和朋友一起玩乐能给你带来很多帮助。根据“so you don’t have time to be with your friends.”和“having fun with friends can bring you lots of help.”可知，没时间和朋友相处，但是和朋友相处可以有很多帮助，前后为转折关系，however“然而”，句首首字母需大写。故填However。 3．句意：你可能喜欢一起购物或看电影。根据“watch”及备选词可知，此处表示看电影，movie是可数名词，需用复数形式movies表泛指。故填movies。 4．句意：你们也可以一起吃晚餐，或者做运动，比如在公园打篮球。根据“have”及备选词可知，此处表示吃晚餐，dinner“晚餐”；have dinner“吃晚餐”，为固定表达。故填dinner。 5．句意：你可以选择和朋友一起做任何你喜欢的事。根据“to do anything you like”及备选词可知，此处表示选择喜欢的事情，choose“选择”；can后接动词原形。故填choose。 6．句意：记住，你们一起做什么并不重要，重要的是你和谁共度时光。根据“spend time”及备选词可知，此处表示“和……一起度过时光”，spend time with sb.是固定表达。故填with。 7．句意：你可以自由交谈，任何愚蠢的话题都能变得有趣。根据“any silly topic can become interesting.”及备选词可知，前后表并列，and“和”。故填and。 8．句意：当你们一起做事时，比如参加派对或玩游戏，你们会更了解彼此。根据“parties”及备选词可知，此处表示参加各种派对或游戏，attend“参加”；like在此处为介词，后跟动名词形式。故填attending。 9．句意：共度时光能让你和朋友保持亲密。根据“you and your friends to stay close”及备选词可知，此处表示共同参加一些活动能够让彼此保持亲密，allow“允许”；主语Spending time together是动名词短语，谓语动词用三单形式allows。故填allows。 10．句意：你可能会认识更多新朋友，学会如何应对他们的不同想法。根据“You may meet more new friends and learn how to deal with (应对) different ideas from”及备选词可知，此处需用they的宾格形式them，指代前文提到的new friends。故填them。 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $