专题09 词义猜测题的“语境”与“逻辑”双杀法（培优专练）（全国通用）2026年高考英语二轮复习高效培优系列

专题09 词义猜测题的“语境”与“逻辑”双杀法 情境突破练 压轴提速练 1.【25-26 高三上·山东·月考】Yet, the work is far from easy. Climate change is a major threat: melting ice and shifting rainfall patterns cause shoreline changes and grassland degradation. Human activities also continue — some visitors still litter, bathe, or wash cars in the lake. With nearly 99,000 hectares of wetland and only 90 guardians, remote areas can’t be patrolled daily. What does the underlined word "degradation" in paragraph 4 mean? A．Improvement. B．Expansion. C．Decline. D．Stability. 2.【2025·河北·一模】In the Restaurant of Mistaken Orders, wrong orders are not exceptions — they are common. A customer might order a hamburger steak but get a plate of gyozas; an elderly server may bring a dish no one ordered, or take back a drink just placed on the table. But here’s the twist: the restaurant is never about avoiding mistakes. What truly matters is the interaction between customers and the staff with dementia. Despite the mix-ups, the dining room is always filled with laughter and smiles. What does the underlined word "twist" in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Exceptional error. B．Common problem. C．Traditional rule. D．Unexpected part. 3.【25-26 高三上·安徽·月考】These chemicals are widespread, found in food packaging, cosmetics, and even paper receipts. As plastics are used, heated, or washed, microplastics and nanoparticles are released and become ingested. The review also suggests practical solutions. Parents can reduce exposure by switching to glass or stainless-steel containers and avoiding microwaving or dish washing plastic. What does the underlined word "ingested" in paragraph 3 mean? A．Absorbed. B．Inhaled. C．Consumed. D．Released. 4.【25-26 高三上·山东·月考】"This responsibility, though built on small daily efforts, must be passed down. With sincerity and commitment, even the simplest actions can safeguard the lake’s beauty for generations," he emphasized. What can we learn from Dradul’s words? A．Every cloud has a silver lining. B．Actions speak louder than words. C．Chance favors the prepared mind. D．Small efforts make a big difference. 5.【25-26 高三上·安徽·月考】Also, floating ice shelves that hold back ice on land would collapse, enhancing flow of ice from land to the sea. This could lead eventually to the collapse of the entire West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS), and around 3.5m of sea level rise. What does the underlined word "This" in Paragraph 2 probably refer to? A．The 3.5℃ global air temperature rise. B．The collapse of floating ice shelves. C．More flow of ice from land to the sea. D．The 3.5 m sea-level rise forecast. 6.【2025·广东江门·二模】To trap the virus, we create an artificial cyclone inside the sampler. By moving liquid around at a high rate, viruses get trapped in the cyclone wall and concentrated for analysis. Any virus not captured in the liquid is filtered out with a HEPA filter. After five minutes, the liquid is pumped to a biosensor. The biosensor consists of an electrode attached to a specialized immune system protein that fights infections much like antibodies but is smaller and tougher. 试题：What does the underlined word "it" in paragraph 2 refer to? A．The virus. B．The liquid. C．The cyclone. D．The sampler. 7.【2025·河北·一模】The GUARDEN Vertical Urban Garden fully presents the intersection of architecture, environmental science, and community engagement, demonstrating Latvia’s commitment to sustainable urban development. This integration of disciplines is essential for addressing the complex challenges of modern cities. What does the underlined word "This" in the passage refer to? A．The GUARDEN project. B．The intersection of disciplines. C．Sustainable urban development. D．Community engagement. 建议用时：40min Passage 1（词义猜测考点语篇练） 【广西壮族自治区桂林市十二县中学2025-2026学年高三上学期12月考】Over the past few decades, firefly populations have been declining due to factors like light pollution, pesticides, and habitat loss. Now there’s a ray of hope: A recent study suggests there’s reason to be optimistic for these vulnerable insects. They’re more prevalent this summer than they have been in years. According to Popular Science, residents across the U.S. have been seeing a jump in firefly numbers in recent weeks. There have even been increases in urban areas, such as New York City and Washington, D．C． While firefly numbers still aren’t what they used to be, the change signals a positive outlook for the insects. The increased numbers of the glowing bugs in many states could be linked to the factors below: Climate plays a significant part in firefly reproduction, as they tend to seek out wet soil to lay their eggs. Many states saw decent rainfall this year, which could have led to the insects’ population growth. Besides, firefly larvae (幼虫) live for about two years before pupating (化蛹) and becoming the glowing creatures we’re familiar with. When the insects emerge from their pupal stage to find mates, they will live for a few weeks, depending on the environment and species. Firefly prevalence can vary by year because of this factor, and some places may be simply experiencing good timing this summer. Fireflies aren’t just visually pleasing-they also help the environment. A 2019 report from the Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation highlighted the ecological benefits of fireflies. The larvae of the species primarily feed on snails and slugs, both of which damage plants. These insects also contribute to the diets of many creatures in the animal kingdom, especially various spider species. Environment America also shares that some species feed on pollen and nectar (花蜜), benefiting many flowering plants. We may be lucky enough to enjoy their twinkling light shows for years to come if we make an effort to take care of them. We can help fireflies out by doing simple things, such as turning off lights at night so as not to confuse the insects, and weeding the yard less frequently. It also won’t hurt to avoid using pesticides outside and share our awareness about the lovely creatures. 1．What does the underlined word “prevalent” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Widespread. B．Rare. C．Endangered. D．Colorful. 2．What are the reasons for the rise in firefly numbers this summer? A．Wet soil and long larval stage. B．Enough rain and proper lifecycle. C．Mild climate and less light pollution. D．More pesticides and frequent mowing. 3．What environmental value do fireflies have? A．They feed on spiders and plants. B．They control pest populations. C．They offer beautiful light displays. D．They keep ecological stability. 4．Which of the following is the best way to protect firefly? A．Keep our yard dry and tidy. B．Turn on lights to attract them. C．Make small conscious daily adjustments. D．Conduct systematic protection projects. Passage 2（词义猜测考点语篇练） 【陕西省西安市第八十五中学2025-2026学年高三上学期】I was getting ready to go to bed when the phone rang. This could not be good. My mind raced through the list of family members who might need help, but the voice was hardly familiar. “Linda, this is Lesley.” I didn’t know Lesley well. We did occasionally speak with each other, but to say we were friends was not appropriate. I asked what she needed. Perhaps something really awful caused her to reach someone she barely knew. Instead, she asked me, “Do you have room for a turkey? In your freezer?” We had lots of room in our freezer, and in fact, too much. “Sure,” I responded, “did your freezer break down?” “Not exactly,” Lesley replied, “but I will explain when I arrive.” Minutes later came a huge freezer truck. Lesley stepped down and explained the lease (租约) of the grocery store her husband serviced had run out and that they had to empty all the freezers that night. Thinking it was a shame to throw away all this good food, they decided to drop off food to anyone she could think of. Noticing our freezer was pretty empty, Lesley asked to fill it up. Our home was their last stop and anything left would have to be put in our freezer. An hour later, everything finished, I asked her, “When will you come back for all this?” Lesley laughed, “We don’t want it back. It is yours! Thanks for helping us out!” Then they waved goodbye and drove away. “For helping them out?” We opened our freezer door. Inside were all expensive foods we never bought but often longed to try. We were struggling to buy groceries, yet it was not something we shared with anyone. However, our needs were met in an unexpected way by that call. 5．How did the writer feel when she heard the phone ringing? A．Relieved. B．Anxious. C．Shocked. D．Angry. 6．What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 2 mean? A．They were short of food supplies. B．Their freezer was not frequently used. C．They were glad to put the turkey in the freezer. D．Their freezer was too small to fill much food in. 7．Why did Lesley call up the writer? A．Because the writer was her good friend. B．Because something awful had happened. C．Because she knew the writer was in need. D．Because she didn’t want food to go to waste. 8．What can be the best title for the text? A．A Broken Freezer B．Unexpected Bargains C．A Friend on Speaking Terms D．Do You Have Room for a Turkey? Passage 3（词义猜测考点语篇练） In recent years, many tech leaders have warned that artificial intelligence (AI) could take over human jobs. Some even predicted that whole types of work might disappear, especially white‑collar jobs done in offices. Recently, several big companies have cut tens of thousands of office jobs, leading many to ask: is AI really causing widespread job losses? In America, nearly a million job cuts have been announced this year. Hiring has slowed, and more people are out of work for over six months. Young college graduates seem particularly affected — their unemployment rate has risen noticeably since 2023. Some studies support the idea that AI is hurting young workers. For example, in jobs most exposed to AI, like software development, employment for workers aged 22–25 has fallen compared to older colleagues. Research using job‑posting data also shows that companies investing in AI tend to hire fewer junior staff. However, other studies tell a different story. One think‑tank (智库) found that unemployment among workers in the most AI‑exposed jobs rose only slightly. Researchers examining changes since ChatGPT’s launch see no clear sign that AI has reshaped America’s job market. Many experts doubt that recent job cuts were truly driven by AI. Instead, they may just reflect normal business adjustments. What else could explain the job losses? One likely reason is the “post‑pandemic hangover.” During the pandemic, certain sectors like information services and professional business services grew very fast. Now they are cooling down, returning to more normal levels. Even software development, highly exposed to AI, followed a similar boom‑and‑bust pattern: job openings rose sharply after the pandemic, then fell. As one analyst put it, many companies simply “over‑hired” during the boom and are now correcting that. Another factor is the economic cycle. When ChatGPT was released, America’s job market was extremely tight. Since then, conditions have eased. Historically, young workers’ unemployment rises faster than the overall rate when the economy slows. Still, young graduates face deeper challenges. AI may not yet be taking their jobs, but when the economy eventually improves, there could be fewer opportunities left for them. 9．What has happened to young college graduates in the job market recently? A．Their hiring rate has reached a record high. B．Their unemployment rate has increased. C．They are getting higher wages than before. D．They are moving to blue‑collar jobs. 10．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to some studies? A．AI has clearly changed America’s job‑market structure. B．Companies investing in AI hire more junior staff. C．Young workers in AI‑exposed jobs lost more jobs than older ones. D．Unemployment rose most in jobs least exposed to AI. 11．What does the phrase “post-pandemic hangover” in paragraph 4 most likely refer to? A．People feeling tired after the pandemic. B．A sudden drop in public health standards due to the pandemic. C．The economic slowdown after a period of rapid growth. D．Companies refusing to return to office work. 12．What is the author’s attitude toward the idea that “AI is replacing all jobs”? A．Strongly supportive. B．Completely indifferent. C．Emotionally opposed. D．Doubtful but cautious. Passage 4（词义猜测考点语篇练） 【福建省福州第一中学2025-2026学年高三上学期12月考】“I’ve always loved practising Nirmal painting, but I wondered: Will anyone value it enough to keep it alive?” says Mohammad Abdul Hakeem, an artisan (工匠) from Telangana. With traditional art forms slowly losing their place in the modern world, the artisan felt apprehensive about the future. But his life changed when he met Sushmita Kaneri, who used to be a software engineer. In 2021, Sushmita visited Telangana and met artisans practising Nirmal art, a wood-based craft known for its storytelling through painting. “I saw how these artisans had been practising the craft for generations, but fewer and fewer people were noticing it,” Sushmita explains. “The artisans felt that their hard work was neither recognised nor fairly valued. That’s when I knew I had to do something,” she adds. In April 2023, Sushmita founded “Gullakaari”, a platform designed to connect artisans with customers, co- create art, and raise awareness about endangered art forms while helping artisans support their lives. By offering a marketplace for traditional art forms like Warli, Patachitra, and Gond, the platform allows artisans to reach a broader audience and benefit from a steady stream of orders. When asked about how she has used her software engineering skills in her work, Sushmita says, “We use tech only where it adds value without changing the soul of the craft. For example, we trained the Tholu Bommalata artisans to create lamp covers with 3D- printed logos on them. When it is lit, the lamp beautifully lights up not only the fine artwork but also a 3D- printed logo, mixing traditions with modern technology.” In just two years, Sushmita has helped more than 100 artisans make a living by using their traditional art styles to make functional products. Hakeem shares, “Working with Gullakaari has truly opened new doors for us. In the past, we had to rely on middlemen who often paid us less. Thanks to Gullakaari, now our work can reach companies and art lovers from across the country.” 13．Which is closest in meaning to “apprehensive” in paragraph 1? A．Optimistic. B．Curious. C．Worried. D．Annoyed 14．How can Gullakaari benefit artisans? A．By broadening their customer base. B．By connecting with more middlemen. C．By highlighting its storytelling feature. D．By teaching them software skills. 15．Why is the 3D- printed lamp cover mentioned? A．To promote modern technology. B．To introduce a new art form. C．To show how old skills are replaced. D．To illustrate how tradition meets technology. 16．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．Unfair trade in the past. B．The impact of Gullakaari. C．Innovative products in the market. D．The hope of artisans. Passage 5（词义猜测考点语篇练） 【2026届广西壮族自治区高三上学期12月联考二模】In a world that is coping with a growing population, there is a mounting need to develop and manage systems, products, and processes that boost productivity but with minimal environmental impact. To design a product or process well, you first need to deeply understand how a substance behaves. This is exactly where chemical engineers play a key role. “Chemical Engineering is all about changing raw materials into useful products you use every day in a safe and cost-effective way, such as using fossil oil in making petrol, plastics and synthetic fibres and so on,” said Professor Tey Beng Ti from the School of Engineering at Monash University Malaysia. A member of Institution of Chemical Engineers (IChemE), Tey has published more than 90 papers in leading scientific journals. “Chemical engineers basically understand how to alter the chemical or biochemical state of a substance, to create everything from face creams to fuels,” he said. The belief spurred Tey to launch a research project eight years ago which has resulted in a discovery on how to simplify the production process of therapeutic (治疗的) protein such as virus-like particles. He said the current flu vaccine (疫苗) is produced in fertilised chicken eggs, but it has limitations. Firstly, the virus yield is very low, and the egg supply could be affected by avian flu pandemics and so on. Apart from that, people allergic to eggs cannot receive such vaccines. In his research, Tey sought to purify virus-like particles via a chromatographic (色谱法的) purification process. This new method delivered up to 17 times higher product yield and cut processing time by 6-10 times, compared to conventional approaches. So far, they have filed 9 patents in Malaysia and published more than 50 articles in leading international scientific journals. Tey said the work of a chemical engineer could be extremely diverse, but it would always be relevant. “Whether you focus on developing future energy solutions, controlling pollution or protecting our environment, your future as a chemical engineer is bright.” 17．Why are chemical engineers key to products? A．They cut costs. B．They master the characteristics of substances. C．They end fossil-fuel use. D．They minimize environment impact. 18．Which can replace the underlined word “spurred” in paragraph 3? A．Inspired. B．Ignored. C．Stopped. D．Discouraged. 19．What can we know about Tey’s chromatographic purification process? A．It has replaced the conventional method. B．It is more efficient and productive. C．It requires more raw materials. D．It has been used in global markets. 20．What is mainly talked about in the last paragraph? A．The specific steps to become a chemical engineer. B．Prof. Tey’s suggestions on environmental pollution. C．The challenges chemical engineers face in the future. D．The promising career prospects of chemical engineers. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 6 / 9 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题09 词义猜测题的“语境”与“逻辑”双杀法 情境突破练 压轴提速练 1.【25-26 高三上·山东·月考】Yet, the work is far from easy. Climate change is a major threat: melting ice and shifting rainfall patterns cause shoreline changes and grassland degradation. Human activities also continue — some visitors still litter, bathe, or wash cars in the lake. With nearly 99,000 hectares of wetland and only 90 guardians, remote areas can’t be patrolled daily. What does the underlined word "degradation" in paragraph 4 mean? A．Improvement. B．Expansion. C．Decline. D．Stability. 答案：C 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词的上文"Climate change is a major threat: melting ice and shifting rainfall patterns cause shoreline changes"可知，冰的融化和降雨模式变化带来的是消极影响，会导致草原退化。"degradation"意为"衰退，恶化"，与"Decline（衰退）"意思接近。A选项"Improvement（改善）"、B选项"Expansion（扩张）"和D选项"Stability（稳定）"均不符合语境。 2.【2025·河北·一模】In the Restaurant of Mistaken Orders, wrong orders are not exceptions — they are common. A customer might order a hamburger steak but get a plate of gyozas; an elderly server may bring a dish no one ordered, or take back a drink just placed on the table. But here’s the twist: the restaurant is never about avoiding mistakes. What truly matters is the interaction between customers and the staff with dementia. Despite the mix-ups, the dining room is always filled with laughter and smiles. What does the underlined word "twist" in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Exceptional error. B．Common problem. C．Traditional rule. D．Unexpected part. 答案：D 解析：词义猜测题。根据上文"In the Restaurant of Mistaken Orders, wrong orders are not exceptions — they are common."和下文"the restaurant is never about avoiding mistakes. What truly matters is the interaction between customers and the staff with dementia."可知，这家餐厅的做法与常规餐厅追求准确无误的认知相反，属于"出乎意料的部分"。"twist"意为"意想不到的转折"，与"Unexpected part（意想不到的部分）"意思相近。A选项"Exceptional error（特殊错误）"、B选项"Common problem（常见问题）"和C选项"Traditional rule（传统规则）"均不符合语境。 3.【25-26 高三上·安徽·月考】These chemicals are widespread, found in food packaging, cosmetics, and even paper receipts. As plastics are used, heated, or washed, microplastics and nanoparticles are released and become ingested. The review also suggests practical solutions. Parents can reduce exposure by switching to glass or stainless-steel containers and avoiding microwaving or dish washing plastic. What does the underlined word "ingested" in paragraph 3 mean? A．Absorbed. B．Inhaled. C．Consumed. D．Released. 答案：C 解析：词义猜测题。根据上文"As plastics are used, heated, or washed, microplastics and nanoparticles are released and become ingested."可知，当塑料被使用、加热或清洗时，微塑料和纳米颗粒会被释放出来并被摄入。"ingested"意为"摄入"，与"Consumed（消费，消耗）"意思相近。A选项"Absorbed（吸收）"、B选项"Inhaled（吸入）"和D选项"Released（释放）"均不符合语境。 4.【25-26 高三上·山东·月考】"This responsibility, though built on small daily efforts, must be passed down. With sincerity and commitment, even the simplest actions can safeguard the lake’s beauty for generations," he emphasized. What can we learn from Dradul’s words? A．Every cloud has a silver lining. B．Actions speak louder than words. C．Chance favors the prepared mind. D．Small efforts make a big difference. 答案：D 解析：句意理解推断题。根据Dradul所说的话"This responsibility, though built on small daily efforts, must be passed down. With sincerity and commitment, even the simplest actions can safeguard the lake’s beauty for generations"可知，他强调日常微小努力对保护湖泊的重要性。这句话传达的意思是"微小的努力能产生巨大影响"，与D选项"Small efforts make a big difference"相符。A选项"Every cloud has a silver lining（天无绝人之路）"、B选项"Actions speak louder than words（行动胜于言语）"和C选项"Chance favors the prepared mind（机会偏爱有准备的人）"均不符合句意。 5.【25-26 高三上·安徽·月考】Also, floating ice shelves that hold back ice on land would collapse, enhancing flow of ice from land to the sea. This could lead eventually to the collapse of the entire West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS), and around 3.5m of sea level rise. What does the underlined word "This" in Paragraph 2 probably refer to? A．The 3.5℃ global air temperature rise. B．The collapse of floating ice shelves. C．More flow of ice from land to the sea. D．The 3.5 m sea-level rise forecast. 答案：C 解析：代词指代题。根据上文"Also, floating ice shelves that hold back ice on land would collapse, enhancing flow of ice from land to the sea."可知，浮动冰架崩塌会加剧冰从陆地流向海洋，这（This）可能最终导致整个西南极冰盖崩塌和海平面上升。因此"This"指代的是"More flow of ice from land to the sea（更多的冰从陆地流向海洋）"。A选项"全球气温上升3.5℃"、B选项"浮动冰架的崩塌"和D选项"预测海平面上升3.5米"均不符合指代关系。 6.【2025·广东江门·二模】To trap the virus, we create an artificial cyclone inside the sampler. By moving liquid around at a high rate, viruses get trapped in the cyclone wall and concentrated for analysis. Any virus not captured in the liquid is filtered out with a HEPA filter. After five minutes, the liquid is pumped to a biosensor. The biosensor consists of an electrode attached to a specialized immune system protein that fights infections much like antibodies but is smaller and tougher. What does the underlined word "it" in paragraph 2 refer to? A．The virus. B．The liquid. C．The cyclone. D．The sampler. 答案：B 解析：代词指代题。根据上文"After five minutes, the liquid is pumped to a biosensor."可知，五分钟后，液体被泵送到生物传感器。因此"it"指代的是"The liquid（液体）"。A选项"The virus（病毒）"、C选项"The cyclone（旋风）"和D选项"The sampler（采样器）"均不符合指代关系。 7.【2025·河北·一模】The GUARDEN Vertical Urban Garden fully presents the intersection of architecture, environmental science, and community engagement, demonstrating Latvia’s commitment to sustainable urban development. This integration of disciplines is essential for addressing the complex challenges of modern cities. What does the underlined word "This" in the passage refer to? A．The GUARDEN project. B．The intersection of disciplines. C．Sustainable urban development. D．Community engagement. 答案：B 解析：代词指代题。根据上文"The GUARDEN Vertical Urban Garden fully presents the intersection of architecture, environmental science, and community engagement..."可知，"This integration of disciplines"中的"This"指代的是前文提到的"the intersection of architecture, environmental science, and community engagement（建筑、环境科学和社区参与的交叉）"，即"学科的交叉"。A选项"The GUARDEN project（GUARDEN项目）"、C选项"Sustainable urban development（可持续城市发展）"和D选项"Community engagement（社区参与）"均不符合指代关系。 建议用时：40min Passage 1（词义猜测考点语篇练） 【广西壮族自治区桂林市十二县中学2025-2026学年高三上学期12月考】Over the past few decades, firefly populations have been declining due to factors like light pollution, pesticides, and habitat loss. Now there’s a ray of hope: A recent study suggests there’s reason to be optimistic for these vulnerable insects. They’re more prevalent this summer than they have been in years. According to Popular Science, residents across the U.S. have been seeing a jump in firefly numbers in recent weeks. There have even been increases in urban areas, such as New York City and Washington, D．C． While firefly numbers still aren’t what they used to be, the change signals a positive outlook for the insects. The increased numbers of the glowing bugs in many states could be linked to the factors below: Climate plays a significant part in firefly reproduction, as they tend to seek out wet soil to lay their eggs. Many states saw decent rainfall this year, which could have led to the insects’ population growth. Besides, firefly larvae (幼虫) live for about two years before pupating (化蛹) and becoming the glowing creatures we’re familiar with. When the insects emerge from their pupal stage to find mates, they will live for a few weeks, depending on the environment and species. Firefly prevalence can vary by year because of this factor, and some places may be simply experiencing good timing this summer. Fireflies aren’t just visually pleasing-they also help the environment. A 2019 report from the Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation highlighted the ecological benefits of fireflies. The larvae of the species primarily feed on snails and slugs, both of which damage plants. These insects also contribute to the diets of many creatures in the animal kingdom, especially various spider species. Environment America also shares that some species feed on pollen and nectar (花蜜), benefiting many flowering plants. We may be lucky enough to enjoy their twinkling light shows for years to come if we make an effort to take care of them. We can help fireflies out by doing simple things, such as turning off lights at night so as not to confuse the insects, and weeding the yard less frequently. It also won’t hurt to avoid using pesticides outside and share our awareness about the lovely creatures. 1．What does the underlined word “prevalent” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Widespread. B．Rare. C．Endangered. D．Colorful. 2．What are the reasons for the rise in firefly numbers this summer? A．Wet soil and long larval stage. B．Enough rain and proper lifecycle. C．Mild climate and less light pollution. D．More pesticides and frequent mowing. 3．What environmental value do fireflies have? A．They feed on spiders and plants. B．They control pest populations. C．They offer beautiful light displays. D．They keep ecological stability. 4．Which of the following is the best way to protect firefly? A．Keep our yard dry and tidy. B．Turn on lights to attract them. C．Make small conscious daily adjustments. D．Conduct systematic protection projects. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍萤火虫数量下降的原因、今年数量回升的缘由、生态价值及日常可执行的保护方法。 1．词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“They’re more prevalent this summer than they have been in years.(今年夏天它们比往年更prevalent。)”及第二段“residents across the U.S. have been seeing a jump in firefly numbers(美国各地居民都看到萤火虫数量激增)”可知，“prevalent”与“数量激增、随处可见”呼应，意为“普遍的、广泛的”。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Climate plays a significant part in firefly reproduction, as they tend to seek out wet soil to lay their eggs. Many states saw decent rainfall this year, which could have led to the insects’ population growth. Besides, firefly larvae live for about two years before pupating and becoming the glowing creatures we’re familiar with. When the insects emerge from their pupal stage to find mates, they will live for a few weeks, depending on the environment and species. Firefly prevalence can vary by year because of this factor, and some places may be simply experiencing good timing this summer.(气候对萤火虫的繁殖起着至关重要的作用，因为这类昆虫倾向于寻找湿润的土壤来产卵。今年，多个州迎来了充沛的降雨，这有可能是导致萤火虫种群数量增长的原因。 此外，萤火虫幼虫需要生长约两年的时间才会化蛹，最终变成我们熟悉的会发光的成虫。当萤火虫从蛹期羽化而出、前去交配时，其成虫的寿命仅有几周，具体时长会受环境与物种类型的影响。正是受这一因素的影响，萤火虫的种群数量会出现年度波动，而今年夏天，部分地区或许只是恰逢其种群数量的高峰期。)”可知，数量回升的原因是充足雨水提供湿土、生命周期阶段契合带来的数量波动。故选B项。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Fireflies aren’t just visually pleasing-they also help the environment. A 2019 report from the Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation highlighted the ecological benefits of fireflies. The larvae of the species primarily feed on snails and slugs, both of which damage plants. These insects also contribute to the diets of many creatures in the animal kingdom, especially various spider species. Environment America also shares that some species feed on pollen and nectar, benefiting many flowering plants.(萤火虫不仅具有观赏价值，还能对生态环境起到积极作用。2019 年，无脊椎动物保护协会泽西斯协会发布的一份报告，着重强调了萤火虫带来的生态效益。萤火虫的幼虫主要以蜗牛和蛞蝓为食，而这两种生物都会对植物造成损害。萤火虫还会成为动物界诸多生物的食物来源，尤其是各类蜘蛛的捕食对象。美国环境组织也指出，部分萤火虫种类会以花粉和花蜜为食，这能为多种开花植物带来益处。)”可知，萤火虫通过捕食害虫、成为其他生物食物、帮助植物传粉，维持生态稳定。故选D项。 4．推理判断题。根据第五段中的“We can help fireflies out by doing simple things, such as turning off lights at night so as not to confuse the insects, and weeding the yard less frequently. It also won’t hurt to avoid using pesticides outside and share our awareness about the lovely creatures.(我们可以通过一些简单的举动来帮助萤火虫生存，比如夜间关灯，避免对这类昆虫造成干扰，同时减少庭院除草的频率。此外，避免在户外使用杀虫剂，以及向他人宣传保护这些可爱小生灵的意识，也会对它们大有裨益。)”可知，保护萤火虫的最佳方式是日常有意识地做些小调整。故选C项。 Passage 2（词义猜测考点语篇练） 【陕西省西安市第八十五中学2025-2026学年高三上学期】I was getting ready to go to bed when the phone rang. This could not be good. My mind raced through the list of family members who might need help, but the voice was hardly familiar. “Linda, this is Lesley.” I didn’t know Lesley well. We did occasionally speak with each other, but to say we were friends was not appropriate. I asked what she needed. Perhaps something really awful caused her to reach someone she barely knew. Instead, she asked me, “Do you have room for a turkey? In your freezer?” We had lots of room in our freezer, and in fact, too much. “Sure,” I responded, “did your freezer break down?” “Not exactly,” Lesley replied, “but I will explain when I arrive.” Minutes later came a huge freezer truck. Lesley stepped down and explained the lease (租约) of the grocery store her husband serviced had run out and that they had to empty all the freezers that night. Thinking it was a shame to throw away all this good food, they decided to drop off food to anyone she could think of. Noticing our freezer was pretty empty, Lesley asked to fill it up. Our home was their last stop and anything left would have to be put in our freezer. An hour later, everything finished, I asked her, “When will you come back for all this?” Lesley laughed, “We don’t want it back. It is yours! Thanks for helping us out!” Then they waved goodbye and drove away. “For helping them out?” We opened our freezer door. Inside were all expensive foods we never bought but often longed to try. We were struggling to buy groceries, yet it was not something we shared with anyone. However, our needs were met in an unexpected way by that call. 5．How did the writer feel when she heard the phone ringing? A．Relieved. B．Anxious. C．Shocked. D．Angry. 6．What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 2 mean? A．They were short of food supplies. B．Their freezer was not frequently used. C．They were glad to put the turkey in the freezer. D．Their freezer was too small to fill much food in. 7．Why did Lesley call up the writer? A．Because the writer was her good friend. B．Because something awful had happened. C．Because she knew the writer was in need. D．Because she didn’t want food to go to waste. 8．What can be the best title for the text? A．A Broken Freezer B．Unexpected Bargains C．A Friend on Speaking Terms D．Do You Have Room for a Turkey? 【答案】5．B 6．A 7．D 8．D 【导语】这篇文章是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者一家在经济拮据时，意外接到一位不熟识的邻居的电话，最终帮邻居解决了难题，作者一家也获得意外收获的故事。 5．推理判断题。根据文章第一段第二、三句“This could not be good. My mind raced through the list of family members who might need help, but the voice was hardly familiar. (这可不是什么好事。我的脑子飞快地把我可能需要帮助的家人名单过了一遍，但电话那头的声音却一点也不熟悉。)”可知，作者在深夜接到电话的第一反应是“这不会是好事”，内心认为可能是有家人需要帮助，表现出一种担忧和不安。故选B项。 6．词句猜测题。根据文章第二段划线句子“We had lots of room in our freezer, and in fact, too much. (我们冰箱的空间很多，事实上，是太多了。)”以及结合最后一段第二、三句“Inside were all expensive foods we never bought but often longed to try. We were struggling to buy groceries, yet it was not something we shared with anyone. (里面都是我们从未买过但常常渴望尝试的昂贵食物。我们当时连购买日常食品都困难，可这件事我们从没向任何人提起过。)”可知，作者说冰箱“空间太多”实际上是一种委婉或讽刺的说法，意在暗示冰箱里很空，食物储备不足。故选A项。 7．细节理解题。根据文章第三段第三句“Thinking it was a shame to throw away all this good food, they decided to drop off food to anyone she could think of. (他们认为把这些好食物扔掉很可惜，于是决定把食物送给她能想到的任何人。)”可知，莱斯利打电话给作者，是因为他们不想浪费食物，希望分送出去。故选D项。 8．主旨大意题。通读全文，文章以作者深夜接到电话开头，并在第二段第六句“Instead, she asked me, “Do you have room for a turkey? In your freezer?” (恰恰相反，她问我：“你冰箱里还有地方放一只火鸡吗？”)”点明电话的具体内容，以此为核心事件展开叙述。这个看似突兀的请求，串联起整个故事，最终揭示了邻居的善意与作者一家意外的收获。D选项“你冰箱里还有地方放只火鸡吗?”既能吸引读者，又巧妙地概括了故事的核心情节。故选D项。 Passage 3（词义猜测考点语篇练） In recent years, many tech leaders have warned that artificial intelligence (AI) could take over human jobs. Some even predicted that whole types of work might disappear, especially white‑collar jobs done in offices. Recently, several big companies have cut tens of thousands of office jobs, leading many to ask: is AI really causing widespread job losses? In America, nearly a million job cuts have been announced this year. Hiring has slowed, and more people are out of work for over six months. Young college graduates seem particularly affected — their unemployment rate has risen noticeably since 2023. Some studies support the idea that AI is hurting young workers. For example, in jobs most exposed to AI, like software development, employment for workers aged 22–25 has fallen compared to older colleagues. Research using job‑posting data also shows that companies investing in AI tend to hire fewer junior staff. However, other studies tell a different story. One think‑tank (智库) found that unemployment among workers in the most AI‑exposed jobs rose only slightly. Researchers examining changes since ChatGPT’s launch see no clear sign that AI has reshaped America’s job market. Many experts doubt that recent job cuts were truly driven by AI. Instead, they may just reflect normal business adjustments. What else could explain the job losses? One likely reason is the “post‑pandemic hangover.” During the pandemic, certain sectors like information services and professional business services grew very fast. Now they are cooling down, returning to more normal levels. Even software development, highly exposed to AI, followed a similar boom‑and‑bust pattern: job openings rose sharply after the pandemic, then fell. As one analyst put it, many companies simply “over‑hired” during the boom and are now correcting that. Another factor is the economic cycle. When ChatGPT was released, America’s job market was extremely tight. Since then, conditions have eased. Historically, young workers’ unemployment rises faster than the overall rate when the economy slows. Still, young graduates face deeper challenges. AI may not yet be taking their jobs, but when the economy eventually improves, there could be fewer opportunities left for them. 9．What has happened to young college graduates in the job market recently? A．Their hiring rate has reached a record high. B．Their unemployment rate has increased. C．They are getting higher wages than before. D．They are moving to blue‑collar jobs. 10．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to some studies? A．AI has clearly changed America’s job‑market structure. B．Companies investing in AI hire more junior staff. C．Young workers in AI‑exposed jobs lost more jobs than older ones. D．Unemployment rose most in jobs least exposed to AI. 11．What does the phrase “post-pandemic hangover” in paragraph 4 most likely refer to? A．People feeling tired after the pandemic. B．A sudden drop in public health standards due to the pandemic. C．The economic slowdown after a period of rapid growth. D．Companies refusing to return to office work. 12．What is the author’s attitude toward the idea that “AI is replacing all jobs”? A．Strongly supportive. B．Completely indifferent. C．Emotionally opposed. D．Doubtful but cautious. 【答案】9．B 10．C 11．C 12．D 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章就人工智能是否导致大规模失业这一核心问题展开讨论。 9．细节理解题。根据第二段“Young college graduates seem particularly affected — their unemployment rate has risen noticeably since 2023.(年轻大学毕业生似乎受到的影响尤为明显——自2023年以来，他们的失业率显著上升。)”可知，年轻毕业生的失业率上升。故选B。 10．细节理解题。根据第二段“Some studies support the idea that AI is hurting young workers. For example, in jobs most exposed to AI, like software development, employment for workers aged 22-25 has fallen compared to older colleagues.(一些研究支持人工智能正对年轻从业者造成不利影响这一观点。例如，在软件开发等受人工智能影响最大的岗位上，与年长同事相比，22至25岁从业者的就业率出现了下降。)”可知，受AI影响的工作中，年轻从业者比年长同事失去更多工作。故选C。 11．词句猜测题。根据下文“During the pandemic, certain sectors like information services and professional business services grew very fast. Now they are cooling down, returning to more normal levels.(疫情期间，信息服务、专业商业服务等部分行业发展十分迅猛。如今这些行业正趋于降温，逐步回归至更正常的发展水平。)”可知，下文提到疫情期间部分行业快速增长、如今降温回调，由此可知，该短语指疫情后的经济回落。C选项“快速增长期后的经济放缓”符合文意。故选C。 12．推理判断题。根据第三段“Many experts doubt that recent job cuts were truly driven by AI. Instead, they may just reflect normal business adjustments.(许多专家对近期的裁员潮真的是由人工智能推动的这一说法持怀疑态度。相反，这些裁员或许只是正常商业调整的体现。)” 以及最后一段“AI may not yet be taking their jobs, but when the economy eventually improves, there could be fewer opportunities left for them.(人工智能或许尚未夺走他们的工作，但当经济最终复苏时，留给他们的机会可能会变得更少。)”可知，作者对“人工智能正在取代所有工作”这一观点持怀疑但谨慎的态度。故选D。 Passage 4（词义猜测考点语篇练） 【福建省福州第一中学2025-2026学年高三上学期12月考】“I’ve always loved practising Nirmal painting, but I wondered: Will anyone value it enough to keep it alive?” says Mohammad Abdul Hakeem, an artisan (工匠) from Telangana. With traditional art forms slowly losing their place in the modern world, the artisan felt apprehensive about the future. But his life changed when he met Sushmita Kaneri, who used to be a software engineer. In 2021, Sushmita visited Telangana and met artisans practising Nirmal art, a wood-based craft known for its storytelling through painting. “I saw how these artisans had been practising the craft for generations, but fewer and fewer people were noticing it,” Sushmita explains. “The artisans felt that their hard work was neither recognised nor fairly valued. That’s when I knew I had to do something,” she adds. In April 2023, Sushmita founded “Gullakaari”, a platform designed to connect artisans with customers, co- create art, and raise awareness about endangered art forms while helping artisans support their lives. By offering a marketplace for traditional art forms like Warli, Patachitra, and Gond, the platform allows artisans to reach a broader audience and benefit from a steady stream of orders. When asked about how she has used her software engineering skills in her work, Sushmita says, “We use tech only where it adds value without changing the soul of the craft. For example, we trained the Tholu Bommalata artisans to create lamp covers with 3D- printed logos on them. When it is lit, the lamp beautifully lights up not only the fine artwork but also a 3D- printed logo, mixing traditions with modern technology.” In just two years, Sushmita has helped more than 100 artisans make a living by using their traditional art styles to make functional products. Hakeem shares, “Working with Gullakaari has truly opened new doors for us. In the past, we had to rely on middlemen who often paid us less. Thanks to Gullakaari, now our work can reach companies and art lovers from across the country.” 13．Which is closest in meaning to “apprehensive” in paragraph 1? A．Optimistic. B．Curious. C．Worried. D．Annoyed 14．How can Gullakaari benefit artisans? A．By broadening their customer base. B．By connecting with more middlemen. C．By highlighting its storytelling feature. D．By teaching them software skills. 15．Why is the 3D- printed lamp cover mentioned? A．To promote modern technology. B．To introduce a new art form. C．To show how old skills are replaced. D．To illustrate how tradition meets technology. 16．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．Unfair trade in the past. B．The impact of Gullakaari. C．Innovative products in the market. D．The hope of artisans. 【答案】13．C 14．A 15．D 16．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了软件工程师Sushmita Kaneri创立平台Gullakaari，帮助传统手工艺人推广濒危艺术形式、改善生计的故事。 13．词句猜测题。根据第一段“With traditional art forms slowly losing their place in the modern world, the artisan felt apprehensive about the future. (随着传统艺术形式在现代世界中逐渐失去地位，这位工匠对未来感到____)”可知，在传统艺术式微的背景下，工艺人对未来的感受应是“担忧的，忧虑的”，划线词apprehensive与Worried含义最接近。故选C项。 14．细节理解题。根据第三段“By offering a marketplace for traditional art forms like Warli, Patachitra, and Gond, the platform allows artisans to reach a broader audience and benefit from a steady stream of orders. (通过为Warli、Patachitra和Gond等传统艺术形式提供市场，该平台让手工艺人能够接触到更广泛的受众，并从稳定的订单流中受益)”可知，Gullakaari通过拓宽手工艺人的客户群体来帮助他们。故选A项。 15．细节理解题。根据第四段“We use tech only where it adds value without changing the soul of the craft (我们只在能增加价值且不改变工艺核心的地方使用科技)”及“When it is lit, the lamp beautifully lights up not only the fine artwork but also a 3D- printed logo, mixing traditions with modern technology. (当它被点亮时，这盏灯不仅照亮了精美的艺术品，还照亮了3D打印的标志，将传统与现代技术相结合)”可知，提到3D打印灯罩是为了举例说明“传统与科技如何结合”。故选D项。 16．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“In just two years, Sushmita has helped more than 100 artisans make a living by using their traditional art styles to make functional products. Hakeem shares, “Working with Gullakaari has truly opened new doors for us. In the past, we had to rely on middlemen who often paid us less. Thanks to Gullakaari, now our work can reach companies and art lovers from across the country.” (短短两年内，Sushmita已经帮助100多名手工艺人通过使用他们的传统艺术风格制作功能性产品来谋生。Hakeem说：“与Gullakaari合作真的为我们打开了新的大门。过去，我们不得不依靠中间商，他们给我们的钱往往更少。多亏了Gullakaari，现在我们的作品可以接触到全国各地的公司和艺术爱好者。”)”可知，该段主要讲述Gullakaari平台对手工艺人的影响。故选B项。 Passage 5（词义猜测考点语篇练） 【2026届广西壮族自治区高三上学期12月联考二模】In a world that is coping with a growing population, there is a mounting need to develop and manage systems, products, and processes that boost productivity but with minimal environmental impact. To design a product or process well, you first need to deeply understand how a substance behaves. This is exactly where chemical engineers play a key role. “Chemical Engineering is all about changing raw materials into useful products you use every day in a safe and cost-effective way, such as using fossil oil in making petrol, plastics and synthetic fibres and so on,” said Professor Tey Beng Ti from the School of Engineering at Monash University Malaysia. A member of Institution of Chemical Engineers (IChemE), Tey has published more than 90 papers in leading scientific journals. “Chemical engineers basically understand how to alter the chemical or biochemical state of a substance, to create everything from face creams to fuels,” he said. The belief spurred Tey to launch a research project eight years ago which has resulted in a discovery on how to simplify the production process of therapeutic (治疗的) protein such as virus-like particles. He said the current flu vaccine (疫苗) is produced in fertilised chicken eggs, but it has limitations. Firstly, the virus yield is very low, and the egg supply could be affected by avian flu pandemics and so on. Apart from that, people allergic to eggs cannot receive such vaccines. In his research, Tey sought to purify virus-like particles via a chromatographic (色谱法的) purification process. This new method delivered up to 17 times higher product yield and cut processing time by 6-10 times, compared to conventional approaches. So far, they have filed 9 patents in Malaysia and published more than 50 articles in leading international scientific journals. Tey said the work of a chemical engineer could be extremely diverse, but it would always be relevant. “Whether you focus on developing future energy solutions, controlling pollution or protecting our environment, your future as a chemical engineer is bright.” 17．Why are chemical engineers key to products? A．They cut costs. B．They master the characteristics of substances. C．They end fossil-fuel use. D．They minimize environment impact. 18．Which can replace the underlined word “spurred” in paragraph 3? A．Inspired. B．Ignored. C．Stopped. D．Discouraged. 19．What can we know about Tey’s chromatographic purification process? A．It has replaced the conventional method. B．It is more efficient and productive. C．It requires more raw materials. D．It has been used in global markets. 20．What is mainly talked about in the last paragraph? A．The specific steps to become a chemical engineer. B．Prof. Tey’s suggestions on environmental pollution. C．The challenges chemical engineers face in the future. D．The promising career prospects of chemical engineers. 【答案】17．B 18．A 19．B 20．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了化学工程师在解决人口增长与环境挑战中的关键作用，并以郑教授的研究为例，说明化学工程如何通过创新技术（如色谱纯化法）提高生产效率，同时展望了该领域的广阔职业前景。 17．细节理解题。根据第一段中“To design a product or process well, you first need to deeply understand how a substance behaves. This is exactly where chemical engineers play a key role. (要想出色地设计一种产品或一套工艺，首先需要深入了解物质的特性。而这一点，恰恰是化学工程师发挥关键作用的领域。)”可知，化学工程师对产品很关键的原因在于他们精通物质的特性。故选B。 18．词句猜测题。根据第三段中“‘Chemical engineers basically understand how to alter the chemical or biochemical state of a substance, to create everything from face creams to fuels,’ he said. The belief spurred Tey to launch a research project eight years ago which has resulted in a discovery on how to simplify the production process of therapeutic protein such as virus-like particles. (他指出：‘本质上，化学工程师深谙如何改变物质的化学或生化状态，从而制造出从面霜到燃料等形形色色的物品。’正是这一理念，_____郑教授在八年前启动了一项研究项目。该项目最终取得了一项重要突破——找到了一种能够简化病毒样颗粒等治疗性蛋白质生产流程的方法。)”可知，前文提到郑教授认为化学工程师懂得如何改变物质的化学或生化状态，后文说基于这个理念，他八年前启动了一个研究项目，由此可推测，“spurred”的意思为“激励，启发”，故选A。 19．细节理解题。根据第四段中“This new method delivered up to 17 times higher product yield and cut processing time by 6-10 times, compared to conventional approaches. (与传统方法相比，这种新工艺不仅能将产品产量提升高达17倍，还能将生产时间缩短6至10倍。)”可知，这个方法效率更高、产能更强。故选B。 20．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Tey said the work of a chemical engineer could be extremely diverse, but it would always be relevant. ‘Whether you focus on developing future energy solutions, controlling pollution or protecting our environment, your future as a chemical engineer is bright.’ (郑教授称，化学工程师的工作内容或许极为广泛，但始终具有重要的意义。‘无论你专注于开发未来能源解决方案、控制污染还是保护我们的生态环境，作为一名化学工程师，你的未来都一片光明。’)”可知，最后一段的核心内容围绕的是化学工程师的职业前景光明。故选D。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 6 / 9 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $