题08 细节理解题的精准定位与同义转换（培优专练）（全国通用）2026年高考英语二轮复习高效培优系列

专题08 细节理解题的精准定位与同义转换 情境突破练 压轴提速练 1.【2025·四川成都·一模】Colombian writer Márquez once said that One Hundred Years of Solitude was a 400-page Vallenato: a traditional music of Colombia’s Caribbean coast. The songs are filled with local characters and poetry. It’s a style that stretches back 200 years and is still popular today. At high noon in the capital of Vallenato, a traditional trio takes the stage. The occasion is the Vallenato Festival, which has been held in the city that gives the music its name. Its goal is to promote the traditional elements of the style. Among the headliners this year was superstar singer Carlos Vives, who helped popularize Vallenato around the world in the early 1990s. What do we know about Vallenato? A．It is named after a city. B．It originated in the 1990s. C．It is rejected by the young. D．It usually consists of 400 pages. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段"Colombian writer Márquez once said that One Hundred Years of Solitude was a 400-page Vallenato: a traditional music of Colombia’s Caribbean coast."和第二段"The occasion is the Vallenato Festival, which has been held in the city that gives the music its name."可知，Vallenato是以一个城市命名的。B选项错误，因为文中提到它有200年历史；C选项错误，文中提到现在仍然流行；D选项错误，400页指的是小说《百年孤独》而非Vallenato本身。 【25-26 高三上·山东·月考】Dolphins call, sea lions sing and whales click—a marine sound scene long fascinating scientists studying animal communication. An Open Mind study analyzes whale codas — unique, repetitive social clicks — and uncovers an unrecognized sound pattern: small but clear "click-clack" shifts in some codas. Powered by AI’s ability to detect slight sound variations missed by humans, plus careful analysis, this discovery suggests the ocean giants may have a more complex communication system than previously thought. For decades, scientists have known coda click number, timing and rhythm matter. Distinct click sequences identify separate whale groups: off Dominica’s Caribbean coast, one well-documented group uses a slow "click…click...click-click-click" pattern, while a neighboring group favors a faster, sharp rhythm. What do we know about whale codas? A．They show group-specific variations. B．They rely on AI for initial detection. C．They were decoded in early studies. D．They copy human vowel patterns. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中"Distinct click sequences identify separate whale groups: off Dominica’s Caribbean coast, one well-documented group uses a slow 'click…click...click-click-click' pattern, while a neighboring group favors a faster, sharp rhythm."可知鲸鱼的尾音显示出群体特有的变化。B选项错误，AI是用于发现新的声音模式而非初始检测；C选项错误，文中提到早期研究未解码这些变化；D选项错误，这是后续研究的争议点，并非已知事实。 2.【25-26 高三上·河北沧州·期中】Plitvicka Jezera is a small town in Croatia, best known as the gateway to the Plitvice Lakes National Park. This UNESCO World Heritage site is one of the most beautiful natural attractions in the region, featuring multiple lakes, which are linked by a series of waterfalls. The park is rich in wildlife, including deer, bears, and wolves, and offers visitors a chance to explore its breathtaking landscapes through a network of wooden walkways and trails. Bled is a picturesque town in Slovenia, often referred to as "little Switzerland" due to its amazing alpine scenery, characterized by snow-capped mountains, crystal-clear glacial waters, and thick green forests. The town is centered around Lake Bled, which is famous for the iconic Bled Island. Which place is the entrance to the national park with interconnected lakes and waterfalls? A．Plitvicka Jezera. B．Bled. C．Split. D．Bratislava. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段"Plitvicka Jezera is a small town in Croatia, best known as the gateway to the Plitvice Lakes National Park. This UNESCO World Heritage site is one of the most beautiful natural attractions in the region, featuring multiple lakes, which are linked by a series of waterfalls."可知，普利特维采湖群小镇是拥有相连湖泊和瀑布的国家公园的入口。B选项Bled以阿尔卑斯风光著称；C和D选项未在本段提及。 3.【2025·四川成都·一模】"For me, Vallenato is connected to the countryside," Vives says. "That’s Vallenato. And then there’s us, the new generation who have reinvented it. But when I talk about Vallenato, we have to remember the 'minstrels', who traveled from town to town, singing songs about local news." "Back in the day, the news was spread through songs," says Tomás Gutiérrez, a Vallenato historian and composer. "In One Hundred Years of Solitude, one of the main characters learns of her mother’s death through a famous Vallenato musician named 'Francisco el Hombre', inspired by a real-life minstrel." Gutiérrez says people may think Márquez wrote about a fantasy world in his novel. "No, no," Gutiérrez says. "He takes the history, the social and cultural reality of our people and creates that monumental work." Why does Gutiérrez mention One Hundred Years of Solitude? A．To highlight the status of minstrels. B．To express love for Márquez. C．To prove the popularity of the book. D．To show the function of Vallenato. 答案：D 解析：间接信息题。根据第二段"Back in the day, the news was spread through songs," says Tomás Gutiérrez... "In One Hundred Years of Solitude, one of the main characters learns of her mother’s death through a famous Vallenato musician..."可知，Gutiérrez提到《百年孤独》是为了展示Vallenato传播信息的功能。A选项"强调吟游诗人的地位"并非主要目的；B选项"表达对马尔克斯的热爱"和C选项"证明书的受欢迎程度"在文中未体现。 4. 【2025·四川成都·一模】UNESCO has declared Vallenato "intangible heritage in need of safeguarding". Quintero, vice-president of the Vallenato Legend Foundation, says that acknowledgment brings with it a big responsibility. "To promote and support traditional Vallenato," he says. "We have to evolve. We can’t restrict new musicians. We just have to make sure that they have all the necessary elements of traditional music and, based on that, create new works." What is Quintero’s opinion about the future development of Vallenato? A．It will be ensured by UNESCO. B．It calls for support from the public. C．It lays heavy burden on the local government. D．It needs the integration of traditions with innovations. 答案：D 解析：间接信息题。根据Quintero的话"We have to evolve. We can’t restrict new musicians. We just have to make sure that they have all the necessary elements of traditional music and, based on that, create new works."可知，他认为Vallenato需要在传统基础上进行创新，即传统与创新的结合。A选项错误，UNESCO只是承认其地位；B和C选项在文中未提及。 5.【25-26 高三上·山东·月考】However, the study has drawn sharp criticism. Luke Rendell, a 30-year sperm whale researcher, calls the "vowel-like" claim "scientifically unfounded," stressing no evidence shows whales actively respond to these variations in nature. He argues each click has mixed tones, creating recording disturbances that appear to be intentional patterns — an error the study failed to rule out adequately. Those behind the study acknowledge the criticisms but highlight the team’s careful, AI-driven method. Notably, the CETI team used a special AI system (GAN) for cross-check: one algorithm analyzed thousands of real codas, while the other generated artificial click sets. AI’s precise frequency adjustment matched the artificial codas to real ones, revealing how sperm whales might encode and transmit meaning. Without AI’s data processing, this slight sound pattern would have stayed hidden. What is Paragraph four mainly about? A．The defense of the AI-powered research strategy. B．GAN’s role in decoding whale clicks. C．The match between artificial and real codas. D．Criticisms of the sound pattern study. 答案：A 解析：间接信息题。根据第四段"Those behind the study acknowledge the criticisms but highlight the team’s careful, AI-driven method."以及后文对研究方法的详细介绍可知，本段主要讲的是研究团队对其AI驱动研究策略的辩护。B和C选项是辩护中的具体细节，而非段落主旨；D选项是前一段内容，并非本段主旨。 6.【25-26 高三上·山东·月考】Study rooms in the British Museum have been open to the public! Not only a world of information but a limited number of items are available and free to all for your first-hand study. To access the study rooms, what you simply need to do is to pre-book online. Study Room Opening Hours Booking Library Monday — Wednesday, Friday: 10:00 — 17:00; Thursday: 13:00 — 17:00 One month’s appointment notice Prints & Drawings Wednesday — Friday: 10:30 — 13:00, 14:00 — 16:00 At least four weeks in advance Britain, Europe & Prehistory Tuesday — Thursday: 10:00 — 13:00, 14:00 — 16:00 Half a month in advance; Additional treasure bookings: Tuesday & Wednesday (11:00 — 13:00, 14:00 — 16:00) When can visitors get a close look at treasures at the study room? A．At 12:30, Tuesday. B．At 14:45, Monday. C．At 15:20, Thursday. D．At 17:00, Wednesday. 答案：A 解析：数字计算题。根据表格中Britain, Europe & Prehistory部分的"Additional treasure bookings: Tuesday & Wednesday (11:00 — 13:00, 14:00 — 16:00)"可知，珍宝参观时间为周二和周三的11:00-13:00及14:00-16:00。A选项"周二12:30"在珍宝参观的时间段内；B选项"周一14:45"不在开放时间内；C选项"周四15:20"虽在常规开放时间内，但不是珍宝参观时段；D选项"周三17:00"超过了开放时间。 7. 【2025·河北·一模】The Swiss Travel Pass is the ultimate ticket for travelers wanting to explore Switzerland by train, bus, or boat. It provides unlimited access to the entire Swiss public transportation network, including trains, buses, trams, and even boats on Switzerland’s amazing lakes. Validities Session Type Option Age Group Price (USD) 3 Days Successive First Class Adult/Senior $459.87 Youth $323.92 Flexible First Class Adult/Senior $526.07 Youth $371.21 Second Class Adult/Senior $329.83 Youth $232.89 How much should a senior pay for a 3-day Flexible First Class Pass? A．$323.92. B．$329.83. C．$459.87. D．$526.07. 答案：D 解析：数字计算题。根据表格信息，"3 Days; Flexible; First Class; Adult/Senior"对应的价格为$526.07。A选项是连续型一等座青年票价格；B选项是灵活型二等座成人/老年票价格；C选项是连续型一等座成人/老年票价格。 8.【2025·安徽·二模】In the past thirty years, bee numbers in the United Kingdom have fallen by nearly a third. The main reasons are climate change and the loss of natural habitats. These changes make it hard for bees to find enough pollen and nectar. Pollen is very important because it gives bees proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals. Without these nutrients, bees cannot stay healthy. The scientists tested the new food in glasshouses. The results were impressive. Colonies that ate the superfood produced up to fifteen times more young bees than colonies that did not eat it. These young bees also grew into healthy adults. If a normal colony produces 8 young bees, how many young bees would a colony with the superfood produce? A．15 B．40 C．80 D．120 答案：D 解析：数字计算题。根据第二段"Colonies that ate the superfood produced up to fifteen times more young bees than colonies that did not eat it."可知，食用超级食物的蜂群产生的幼蜂数量是普通蜂群的15倍。如果普通蜂群产生8只幼蜂，那么食用超级食物的蜂群将产生8×15=120只幼蜂。 建议用时：40min Passage 1（细节理解考点语篇练） 【2026届湖北省武汉市部分高中高三上学期九月调研】At first sight, Easthope doesn’t seem much like a Cassandra (希腊神话人物). She smiles a lot. Her manner is kind and motherly; pushed to name her profession, you might guess at nurse or teacher. But look closer. Easthope is an emergency planner whose job is to support the survivors of major disasters, in which capacity she acted following the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami and the fire at Grenfell Tower. For two decades, the public knew nothing about this vital work, which went on behind the scenes, though she was hugely admired in what we might call professional disaster circles: a voice of calm and a fountain of wisdom. But in 2023, she published a best-selling book about her career, When the Dust Settles, and that changed. People became very interested in what she did. “At literary festivals, most authors get questions about their writing process,” Easthope says. “But I wouldn’t get those. What people wanted from me was to know how I lived with the knowledge that I have. Wasn’t I afraid? How did I handle it? I would tell them that I didn’t live afraid, and I would give them basic advice. But this wasn’t enough.” In the end, she felt she had no choice but to write a second book, one in which she would try to cover all that she has learned for the benefit of each individual. While her publisher describes Come What May as a road map for resilience (韧性), the word is one Easthope dislikes. Ready, she suggests, is a better one. Easthope also reminds people that small things, like losing hair during illness or consuming too much food after someone dies, still matter. She encourages people to remember, not to forget, what happened during disasters, because such events leave a long-lasting effect. 1．What might a Cassandra be like according to paragraph 1? A．Friendly and energetic. B．Competent and cautious. C．Cheerful and easy-going. D．Serious and unapproachable. 2．What led to increased public awareness of Easthope’s work in 2023? A．The publication of a best seller. B．Her involvement in 2004 tsunami relief. C．The growth of professional disaster circles. D．Her sudden rise to fame through media. 3．Why are readers’ questions cited in paragraph 3? A．To reveal Easthope’s personal fears. B．To explain Easthope’s writing process. C．To showcase Easthope’s writing motivation. D．To present public doubts about Easthope’s work. 4．What does Easthope agree on handling disasters? A．Forgetting aids recovery. B．Resilience matters most. C．Positive thinking takes the lead. D．Minor sufferings deserve attention. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了紧急事务规划师露西·伊斯特霍普及其工作，描述了她如何从幕后走向公众视野，通过写书分享应对灾难的知识，并阐述了她对灾后恢复及关注微小痛苦的见解。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“At first sight, Easthope doesn’t seem much like a Cassandra (希腊神话人物). She smiles a lot. Her manner is kind and motherly; pushed to name her profession, you might guess at nurse or teacher. But look closer.(乍一看，伊斯特霍普似乎不太像一位卡珊德拉(希腊神话人物)。她经常微笑。她的举止和蔼，像母亲一样；要你猜她的职业，你可能会猜是护士或老师。但是再仔细看)” 这里提到伊斯特霍普给人的表面印象是“微笑很多”、“和蔼可亲”，但这与“卡珊德拉”给人的感觉不同，因此暗示“卡珊德拉”的形象可能与伊斯特霍普给人的亲切、随和的第一印象相反，即可能比较“严肃、不易接近”。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“But in 2023, she published a best-selling book about her career, When the Dust Settles, and that changed. People became very interested in what she did.(但在2023年，她出版了一本关于她职业生涯的畅销书《尘埃落定》，情况就此改变。人们开始对她的工作非常感兴趣)”可知，2023年公众对她工作的认知度提升，直接原因是一本畅销书的出版。故选A项。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段““At literary festivals, most authors get questions about their writing process,” Easthope says. “But I wouldn’t get those. What people wanted from me was to know how I lived with the knowledge that I have. Wasn’t I afraid? How did I handle it? I would tell them that I didn’t live afraid, and I would give them basic advice. But this wasn’t enough.” In the end, she felt she had no choice but to write a second book, one in which she would try to cover all that she has learned for the benefit of each individual.(“在文学节上，大多数作者会被问到关于写作过程的问题，”伊斯特霍普说，“但我不会被问这些。人们想从我这里知道的是，我如何带着我所掌握的知识生活。我不害怕吗？我是如何应对的？我会告诉他们我并非活在恐惧中，并给他们一些基本的建议。但这还不够。”最终，她感到别无选择，只能再写一本书，一本试图总结她所学到的一切、以惠及每个人的书)”可推知， 引用读者的提问，是为了说明公众的关注点与常规作者不同，他们迫切想了解伊斯特霍普如何处理她所知的灾难知识，这种强烈的需求最终促使她产生了写作第二本书的动机。故选C项。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Easthope also reminds people that small things, like losing hair during illness or consuming too much food after someone dies, still matter.(伊斯特霍普还提醒人们，小事也很重要，比如生病时脱发，或有人在去世后暴饮暴食)”可知，伊斯特霍普认为，灾难中的微小痛苦或细节也值得关注。故选D项。 Passage 2（细节理解考点语篇练） 【广东省汕头市潮南区2025-2026学年高三毕业班12月份教学质量监测】Artificial intelligence (AI) is playing an increasingly important role in the restoration of Dunhuang murals (壁画). Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes, located in Gansu Province, are home to more than 45,000 square meters of murals, some of which date back over 1,600 years. However, these precious artworks are facing threats from natural aging, climate change, and human activities. A team of researchers from Tsinghua University has developed an AI-based system to assist in mural restoration. The system first uses high-resolution cameras to capture detailed images of the murals. Then, AI algorithms analyze the images to identify damaged areas, such as cracks, fading, and peeling. “AI can quickly and accurately detect even the smallest damages that are difficult for human eyes to spot,” said Professor Chen, the leader of the research team. After identifying the damaged areas, the AI system provides restoration suggestions based on historical data and the style of the murals. For example, if a color has faded, the AI can recommend the most appropriate color to match the original. The system also helps restorers simulate the restoration effect before actual work begins, which reduces the risk of mistakes. “The AI system has greatly improved the efficiency and accuracy of mural restoration,” Professor Chen said. “What used to take restorers months to complete can now be done in a few weeks with the help of AI.” However, Professor Chen also pointed out that AI is only an assistant tool. “Human restorers still play a crucial role in making final decisions, as restoration requires not only technical skills but also a deep understanding of the cultural and historical background of the murals.” Some experts are concerned about the over-reliance on AI in cultural heritage restoration. “We should not let AI replace human judgment,” said Dr. Li, a cultural heritage expert. “The value of cultural heritage lies not only in its appearance but also in the human emotions and craftsmanship behind it.” 5．What is the main threat to Dunhuang murals mentioned in the text? A．Lack of research funds. B．Insufficient restoration technology. C．Natural aging and human activities. D．Lack of professional restorers. 6．What is the first step of the AI-based restoration system? A．Analyzing the damaged areas. B．Capturing detailed images of the murals. C．Providing restoration suggestions. D．Simulating the restoration effect. 7．Why is human involvement still crucial in mural restoration? A．AI cannot detect small damages. B．AI is too expensive to use widely. C．Restoration requires cultural and historical understanding. D．Human restorers work faster than AI. 8．What is Dr. Li’s attitude towards the use of AI in mural restoration? A．Fully supportive. B．Strongly opposed. C．Cautious. D．Indifferent. 【答案】5．C 6．B 7．C 8．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人工智能在敦煌壁画修复中的应用，包括其工作原理、优势以及存在的争议。 5．细节理解题。根据第一段“However, these precious artworks are facing threats from natural aging, climate change, and human activities.(然而，这些珍贵的艺术品正面临着自然老化、气候变化和人类活动的威胁。)”可知，敦煌壁画的主要威胁是自然老化和人类活动。故选C。 6．细节理解题。根据第二段“The system first uses high-resolution cameras to capture detailed images of the murals.(该系统首先使用高分辨率相机捕捉壁画的详细图像。)”可知，基于人工智能的修复系统的第一步是捕捉壁画的详细图像。故选B。 7．细节理解题。根据第四段“Human restorers still play a crucial role in making final decisions, as restoration requires not only technical skills but also a deep understanding of the cultural and historical background of the murals.(人类修复者在做出最终决定时仍然起着至关重要的作用，因为修复不仅需要技术技能，还需要对壁画的文化和历史背景有深刻的理解。)”可知，人类参与壁画修复仍然至关重要是因为修复需要文化和历史的理解。故选C。 8．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Some experts are concerned about the over-reliance on AI in cultural heritage restoration. “We should not let AI replace human judgment,” said Dr. Li, a cultural heritage expert.( 部分专家对文化遗产修复领域过度依赖人工智能的现象表示担忧。文化遗产专家李博士指出：“我们不应让人工智能取代人类的主观判断力。”)”可知，李博士对在壁画修复中使用人工智能的态度是谨慎的。故选C。 Passage 3（细节理解考点语篇练） 【福建省福州第三中学2025-2026学年高三上学期11月考】Eighteen miles into the walk, both of my legs screamed. I was a few months into training for a 30-mile walking challenge to celebrate the final year of my Ph. D．, and now my carefully laid plans seemed on shaky ground. The setback came on top of bad news on another front: my job hunt. I applied to positions broadly, confident I would land something soon. But the rejections started to roll in. In both cases I would soon have to make a choice: Should I stay the course, or adjust my plans? Looking for a way to take my mind off the stresses of finishing my Ph. D．and the job search, I decided to organize a 30-mile walking challenge. I’d ease the burden of long hours working on thesis chapters and job applications by being out in the countryside, among the members of the walking group I had joined a year ago. Soon, though, I was finding I had less time to train. I pushed myself harder than I should have, setting the stage for my leg injury. My professional prospects weren’t looking any better. And my injury only worsened my mood. For months I stuck doggedly to my previously laid plans — but maybe it was time to try a new path. I previously considered government jobs but had been discouraged by the complicated application process, very different from that at private companies. But the employment policies seemed friendly toward those undertaking career transitions, and the work seemed in line with my career goals. I decided to give it a try, learning new vocabulary s to explain how my academic experience qualified me for the jobs — and was excited to get interviews, and eventually offers, for two different positions. The weight I had felt for months finally lifted. At the same time, I was still struggling with my walk plans. With the stress of my job search behind me, I learned I could find satisfaction by revising my goal: a shortened walk of 14 miles, a distance I could manage comfortably. One month later, I successfully defended my thesis and started my new job. 9．What can we learn about the author from paragraph 1? A．He was faced with life difficulties. B．He had clear goals for his future. C．He was making academic progress. D．He had given up on his sports plans. 10．What did the author expect of the 30-mile walking challenge? A．Mental relief. B．New friendships. C．Job opportunities. D．Fitness improvement. 11．Why did the author apply for government jobs? A．There were various position options. B．The application procedure was familiar. C．They allowed for a long career transition. D．They matched his professional objectives. 12．What message does the author most want to send in the text? A．Plans can be adjusted to better suit ourselves. B．Success often comes after tolerating failures. C．Exercise can contribute to our mental capacities. D．Overcoming challenges is a necessary part of life. 【答案】9．A 10．A 11．D 12．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在面临腿部受伤和求职受挫时，调整计划并最终取得成功的故事。 9．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Eighteen miles into the walk, both of my legs screamed.(走了18英里后，我的两条腿都疼得要命)”以及“The setback came on top of bad news on another front: my job hunt.(这次挫折又叠加在另一条坏消息之上——那就是我的求职不顺)”可知，作者面临着腿部受伤和求职受挫等生活困难。故选A。 10．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Looking for a way to take my mind off the stresses of finishing my Ph. D. and the job search, I decided to organize a 30-mile walking challenge.(为了分散完成博士学位和找工作的压力，我决定组织一次30英里的步行挑战)”可知，作者期望通过30英里的步行挑战来缓解精神压力。故选A。 11．细节理解题。根据第四段中“But the employment policies seemed friendly toward those undertaking career transitions, and the work seemed in line with my career goals.(但就业政策似乎对那些正在进行职业转型的人很友好，而且这份工作似乎符合我的职业目标)”可知，作者申请政府工作是因为它们符合他的职业目标。故选D。 12．推理判断题。根据第三段“For months I stuck doggedly to my previously laid plans — but maybe it was time to try a new path.(几个月来，我一直坚持着我之前制定的计划——但也许是时候尝试一条新的道路了)”和倒数第二段“With the stress of my job search behind me, I learned I could find satisfaction by revising my goal: a shortened walk of 14 miles, a distance I could manage comfortably.(找工作的压力过去后，我知道我可以通过调整目标来获得满足感——把步行距离缩短到14英里，这个距离我可以轻松完成)”以及最后一段“One month later, I successfully defended my thesis and started my new job.(一个月后，我顺利通过了论文答辩，开启了新的工作生涯)”并结合文章内容，作者在面临腿部受伤和求职受挫时，没有坚持原来的计划，而是选择了调整计划，最终成功完成了学业并找到了新工作。由此可推断，作者最想传达的信息是计划可以根据自身情况进行调整以更好地适应自己。故选A。 Passage 4（细节理解考点语篇练） 【山东师范大学附属中学2025-2026学年高三上学期期中】Insects, with their tiny brains, exhibit remarkable navigation abilities. They can find their way through complex environments and even detect small openings to pass through. This phenomenon has sparked the interest of researchers, particularly in the field of computing, where efficiency is a priority. A team led by biologist Dr. Maria Fernández at the University of Cambridge has recently made significant advances in understanding how insects achieve this, and they have applied their findings to develop a bio-inspired navigation system for robots. One of the key factors in insect navigation is the way they process visual information. “When you’re driving, the objects closer to you seem to move faster than those farther away,” explains Dr. Fernández. Insects use this principle to measure distances and navigate effectively. However, the real world is not a straight line, and insects often need to make rapid adjustments to their paths to avoid obstacles or find food. To handle this complexity, they employ a series of simple, yet effective, strategies. Dr. Fernández’s team, including PhD student Alex Johnson, developed a neural model that mimics (模仿) the insect brain’s activity. The model is based on the principle of minimizing the apparent motion of the environment. “We programmed the robot to always move towards the area where the visual motion is least,” says Johnson. “This simple rule allows the robot to center itself in narrow passages and navigate through them with minimal computational effort.” In various virtual environments, the robot demonstrated behavior similar to that of insects, successfully finding and passing through small openings. The researchers believe that this finding could have significant implications for the development of energy-efficient computing. “By designing specific hardware that replicates these simple neural mechanisms,” Dr. Fernández explains, “we can create more efficient and compact computing systems. This approach could lead to significant advancements in robotics, sensor technology, and even mobile devices.” In the future, Dr. Fernández aims to apply these insect navigation principles to the design of specialized chips. “These chips would be much smaller and consume less power than current general-purpose processors. This could revolutionize how we build and use computing devices in a wide range of applications,” she comments. 13．How does insect navigation research drive technological innovation? A．By developing new types of robots. B．By understanding insects’ navigation ability. C．By improving general-purpose processors. D．By creating virtual environments for testing. 14．Why is “a car” mentioned in Paragraph 2? A．To demonstrate the principle of car motion. B．To emphasize the limitations of human vision. C．To interpret how insects perceive distances. D．To compare the movement of different objects. 15．How do insects use visual information to navigate? A．By detecting the fastest-moving objects. B．By judging the smallest relative motion. C．By following a straight path at all times. D．By memorizing the locations of obstacles. 16．What is the future goal of the research? A．Designing insect-inspired smart chips. B．Rescarching general-purpose robots. C．Developing sensors that save energy. D．Building computers inspired by insects. 【答案】13．B 14．C 15．B 16．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了剑桥大学研究人员通过研究昆虫导航能力开发出仿生机器人导航系统及未来应用前景。 13．细节理解题。根据第一段中“A team led by biologist Dr. Maria Fernández at the University of Cambridge has recently made significant advances in understanding how insects achieve this, and they have applied their findings to develop a bio-inspired navigation system for robots.(剑桥大学生物学家玛丽亚·费尔南德斯博士领导的研究团队最近在理解昆虫如何实现这一点方面取得了重大进展，并将他们的发现应用于开发一种受生物启发的机器人导航系统。)”以及第四段中“The researchers believe that this finding could have significant implications for the development of energy-efficient computing.(研究人员认为，这一发现可能对节能计算的发展产生重大影响。)”可知，昆虫导航研究通过理解昆虫的导航能力来推动技术创新。故选B。 14．推理判断题。根据第二段中“One of the key factors in insect navigation is the way they process visual information. “When you’re driving, the objects closer to you seem to move faster than those farther away,” explains Dr. Fernández. Insects use this principle to measure distances and navigate effectively.(昆虫导航的关键因素之一是它们处理视觉信息的方式。“当你开车时，离你越近的物体似乎移动得越快，而离你越远的物体则移动得越慢，”费尔南德斯博士解释道。昆虫利用这一原理来测量距离并有效导航。)”可知，提到“汽车”是为了解释昆虫如何感知距离。故选C。 15．推理判断题。根据第三段中“The model is based on the principle of minimizing the apparent motion of the environment. “We programmed the robot to always move towards the area where the visual motion is least,” says Johnson. “This simple rule allows the robot to center itself in narrow passages and navigate through them with minimal computational effort.” In various virtual environments, the robot demonstrated behavior similar to that of insects, successfully finding and passing through small openings.(该模型基于最小化环境明显运动的原则。“我们为机器人编程，使其始终向视觉运动最少的地方移动，”约翰逊说，“这一简单规则使机器人能够在狭窄通道中居中并通过，且计算量极小。”在各种虚拟环境中，机器人展现出与昆虫相似的行为，成功找到并穿过了小缝隙。)”可知，昆虫通过判断最小的相对运动来利用视觉信息导航。故选B。 16．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“In the future, Dr. Fernández aims to apply these insect navigation principles to the design of specialized chips. “These chips would be much smaller and consume less power than current general-purpose processors. This could revolutionize how we build and use computing devices in a wide range of applications,” she comments.(未来，费尔南德斯博士的目标是将这些昆虫导航原理应用于专用芯片的设计。“这些芯片将比目前的通用处理器小得多，且功耗更低。这可能会彻底改变我们在各种应用中构建和使用计算设备的方式，”她评论道。)”可知，研究的未来目标是设计受昆虫启发的智能芯片。故选A。 Passage 5（细节理解考点语篇练） 【2026届浙江省嵊州市高三上学期一模统考】Today’s chefs follow tested recipes, but until Boston cooking teacher Fannie Merritt Farmer, born in 1857,insisted on precise measurements, cooking was full of guesswork. As a teenager, Fannie was stricken with an illness that paralyzed her left leg. In spite of this, she pursued her passion for cooking. While teaching a neighbor’s child to cook, she realized instructions like “a pinch” or “a lump” were not helpful, believing accurate measurements would make cooking easier and results more consistent. At 30, Farmer entered Boston Cooking School. She was an exceptional student and was hired as assistant director upon graduation in 1889, becoming principal two years later. While there, she used a cookbook by the school’s first principal, Mrs. Lincoln, who wrote that good cooks “measure by judgment and experience.” However, Farmer stated in her own cookbook, “Correct measurements are absolutely necessary.” Using newly available measuring cups, she gave exact measurements and detailed instructions, leaving nothing to chance. In 1896, she took her 700-page The Boston Cooking-School Cook Book to a publisher. Initially, the publisher doubted its success, but Farmer paid the printing costs herself. Sales took off immediately. Her revised edition sold over 400,000 copies, making it the best-selling cookbook of its time. After 11 years’ teaching at Boston Cooking School, she started her own school, focusing on homemakers. She pioneered cooking for the sick, publishing what she considered her most important work on the subject. Her expertise earned her a lecturer position at Harvard Medical School, the first woman to do so. Despite a stroke in her 50s that caused further paralysis, she continued lecturing nationwide, earning the title “Mother of Level Measurements.” She gave her last lecture just ten days before her death in 1915. The New York Times credited her for “bringing a scientific approach to cooking” and writing a cookbook that “defined American food for the 20th century.” 17．What inspired Farmer to focus on precise measurements in cooking? A．The suggestions from a famous publisher. B．The influence of Mrs. Lincoln’s cookbook. C．The experience of teaching a neighbor’s child. D．The requirements of the Boston Cooking School. 18．What made Fannie Farmer stand out from other women? A．Overcoming her physical disability. B．Establishing her own cooking school. C．The 400,000 copies of 700-page revised edition. D．The first female lecturer at Harvard Medical School. 19．Which of the following best describes Fannie Farmer? A．Strict and traditional. B．Patient and reserved. C．Determined and innovative. D．Humorous and independent. 20．What is the passage mainly about? A．Changes of cooking tools. B．The life of a cooking pioneer. C．The history of cooking schools. D．Challenges in publishing cookbooks. 【答案】17．C 18．D 19．C 20．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了烹饪先驱Fannie Merritt Farmer的生平：她坚持精准测量，编写经典食谱，创办学校，成为哈佛医学院首位女性讲师，推动烹饪科学化。 17．细节理解题。根据第二段“While teaching a neighbor’s child to cook, she realized instructions like “a pinch” or “a lump” were not helpful, believing accurate measurements would make cooking easier and results more consistent. (在教邻居的孩子做饭时，她意识到诸如“一撮”或“一块”这样的指令毫无用处，认为精确的测量会让烹饪更简单，结果更稳定)”可知，教邻居孩子做饭的经历启发她关注烹饪中的精准测量。故选C项。 18．细节理解题。根据第四段“Her expertise earned her a lecturer position at Harvard Medical School, the first woman to do so. (她的专业知识为她赢得了哈佛医学院的讲师职位，她是首位获此职位的女性)”可知，成为哈佛医学院首位女性讲师是她区别于其他女性的地方。故选D项。 19．推理判断题。根据第二段“As a teenager, Fannie was stricken with an illness that paralyzed her left leg. In spite of this, she pursued her passion for cooking. (十几岁时，范妮患了一种疾病，导致左腿瘫痪。尽管如此，她还是坚持自己对烹饪的热爱)”、第三段“However, Farmer stated in her own cookbook, “Correct measurements are absolutely necessary.” Using newly available measuring cups, she gave exact measurements and detailed instructions, leaving nothing to chance.(然而，法默在自己的烹饪书中说，“正确的测量是绝对必要的。”她使用新的量杯，给出了精确的测量和详细的说明，没有留下任何偶然的机会)”以及第四段“After 11 years’ teaching at Boston Cooking School, she started her own school, focusing on homemakers. She pioneered cooking for the sick, publishing what she considered her most important work on the subject. (在波士顿烹饪学校任教11年后，她创办了自己的学校，专注于家庭主妇。她开创了为病人做饭的先河，出版了她认为自己在这方面最重要的作品)”可知，她身有残疾仍坚持追求烹饪事业、坚持精准测量并编写新食谱，并开创病人饮食烹饪领域，由此可推知，她既有决心又具创新性。故选C项。 20．主旨大意题。文章开篇介绍了Fannie Merritt Farmer出生时间以及她对烹饪精确测量的坚持，接着讲述她因教邻居孩子做饭意识到精确测量重要性，然后介绍她在波士顿烹饪学校的经历、出版烹饪书的情况，之后又提到她创办自己的学校、为病人烹饪、成为哈佛医学院首位女讲师以及晚年仍坚持演讲等，整体围绕她一生的经历展开，突出了她作为烹饪先驱的贡献，所以文章主要是关于这位烹饪先驱的生平。故选B项。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 6 / 9 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题08 细节理解题的精准定位与同义转换 情境突破练 压轴提速练 1.【2025·四川成都·一模】Colombian writer Márquez once said that One Hundred Years of Solitude was a 400-page Vallenato: a traditional music of Colombia’s Caribbean coast. The songs are filled with local characters and poetry. It’s a style that stretches back 200 years and is still popular today. At high noon in the capital of Vallenato, a traditional trio takes the stage. The occasion is the Vallenato Festival, which has been held in the city that gives the music its name. Its goal is to promote the traditional elements of the style. Among the headliners this year was superstar singer Carlos Vives, who helped popularize Vallenato around the world in the early 1990s. What do we know about Vallenato? A．It is named after a city. B．It originated in the 1990s. C．It is rejected by the young. D．It usually consists of 400 pages. 【25-26 高三上·山东·月考】Dolphins call, sea lions sing and whales click—a marine sound scene long fascinating scientists studying animal communication. An Open Mind study analyzes whale codas — unique, repetitive social clicks — and uncovers an unrecognized sound pattern: small but clear "click-clack" shifts in some codas. Powered by AI’s ability to detect slight sound variations missed by humans, plus careful analysis, this discovery suggests the ocean giants may have a more complex communication system than previously thought. For decades, scientists have known coda click number, timing and rhythm matter. Distinct click sequences identify separate whale groups: off Dominica’s Caribbean coast, one well-documented group uses a slow "click…click...click-click-click" pattern, while a neighboring group favors a faster, sharp rhythm. What do we know about whale codas? A．They show group-specific variations. B．They rely on AI for initial detection. C．They were decoded in early studies. D．They copy human vowel patterns. 2.【25-26 高三上·河北沧州·期中】Plitvicka Jezera is a small town in Croatia, best known as the gateway to the Plitvice Lakes National Park. This UNESCO World Heritage site is one of the most beautiful natural attractions in the region, featuring multiple lakes, which are linked by a series of waterfalls. The park is rich in wildlife, including deer, bears, and wolves, and offers visitors a chance to explore its breathtaking landscapes through a network of wooden walkways and trails. Bled is a picturesque town in Slovenia, often referred to as "little Switzerland" due to its amazing alpine scenery, characterized by snow-capped mountains, crystal-clear glacial waters, and thick green forests. The town is centered around Lake Bled, which is famous for the iconic Bled Island. Which place is the entrance to the national park with interconnected lakes and waterfalls? A．Plitvicka Jezera. B．Bled. C．Split. D．Bratislava. 3.【2025·四川成都·一模】"For me, Vallenato is connected to the countryside," Vives says. "That’s Vallenato. And then there’s us, the new generation who have reinvented it. But when I talk about Vallenato, we have to remember the 'minstrels', who traveled from town to town, singing songs about local news." "Back in the day, the news was spread through songs," says Tomás Gutiérrez, a Vallenato historian and composer. "In One Hundred Years of Solitude, one of the main characters learns of her mother’s death through a famous Vallenato musician named 'Francisco el Hombre', inspired by a real-life minstrel." Gutiérrez says people may think Márquez wrote about a fantasy world in his novel. "No, no," Gutiérrez says. "He takes the history, the social and cultural reality of our people and creates that monumental work." Why does Gutiérrez mention One Hundred Years of Solitude? A．To highlight the status of minstrels. B．To express love for Márquez. C．To prove the popularity of the book. D．To show the function of Vallenato. 4. 【2025·四川成都·一模】UNESCO has declared Vallenato "intangible heritage in need of safeguarding". Quintero, vice-president of the Vallenato Legend Foundation, says that acknowledgment brings with it a big responsibility. "To promote and support traditional Vallenato," he says. "We have to evolve. We can’t restrict new musicians. We just have to make sure that they have all the necessary elements of traditional music and, based on that, create new works." What is Quintero’s opinion about the future development of Vallenato? A．It will be ensured by UNESCO. B．It calls for support from the public. C．It lays heavy burden on the local government. D．It needs the integration of traditions with innovations. 5.【25-26 高三上·山东·月考】However, the study has drawn sharp criticism. Luke Rendell, a 30-year sperm whale researcher, calls the "vowel-like" claim "scientifically unfounded," stressing no evidence shows whales actively respond to these variations in nature. He argues each click has mixed tones, creating recording disturbances that appear to be intentional patterns — an error the study failed to rule out adequately. Those behind the study acknowledge the criticisms but highlight the team’s careful, AI-driven method. Notably, the CETI team used a special AI system (GAN) for cross-check: one algorithm analyzed thousands of real codas, while the other generated artificial click sets. AI’s precise frequency adjustment matched the artificial codas to real ones, revealing how sperm whales might encode and transmit meaning. Without AI’s data processing, this slight sound pattern would have stayed hidden. What is Paragraph four mainly about? A．The defense of the AI-powered research strategy. B．GAN’s role in decoding whale clicks. C．The match between artificial and real codas. D．Criticisms of the sound pattern study. 6.【25-26 高三上·山东·月考】Study rooms in the British Museum have been open to the public! Not only a world of information but a limited number of items are available and free to all for your first-hand study. To access the study rooms, what you simply need to do is to pre-book online. Study Room Opening Hours Booking Library Monday — Wednesday, Friday: 10:00 — 17:00; Thursday: 13:00 — 17:00 One month’s appointment notice Prints & Drawings Wednesday — Friday: 10:30 — 13:00, 14:00 — 16:00 At least four weeks in advance Britain, Europe & Prehistory Tuesday — Thursday: 10:00 — 13:00, 14:00 — 16:00 Half a month in advance; Additional treasure bookings: Tuesday & Wednesday (11:00 — 13:00, 14:00 — 16:00) When can visitors get a close look at treasures at the study room? A．At 12:30, Tuesday. B．At 14:45, Monday. C．At 15:20, Thursday. D．At 17:00, Wednesday. 7. 【2025·河北·一模】The Swiss Travel Pass is the ultimate ticket for travelers wanting to explore Switzerland by train, bus, or boat. It provides unlimited access to the entire Swiss public transportation network, including trains, buses, trams, and even boats on Switzerland’s amazing lakes. Validities Session Type Option Age Group Price (USD) 3 Days Successive First Class Adult/Senior $459.87 Youth $323.92 Flexible First Class Adult/Senior $526.07 Youth $371.21 Second Class Adult/Senior $329.83 Youth $232.89 How much should a senior pay for a 3-day Flexible First Class Pass? A．$323.92. B．$329.83. C．$459.87. D．$526.07. 8.【2025·安徽·二模】In the past thirty years, bee numbers in the United Kingdom have fallen by nearly a third. The main reasons are climate change and the loss of natural habitats. These changes make it hard for bees to find enough pollen and nectar. Pollen is very important because it gives bees proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals. Without these nutrients, bees cannot stay healthy. The scientists tested the new food in glasshouses. The results were impressive. Colonies that ate the superfood produced up to fifteen times more young bees than colonies that did not eat it. These young bees also grew into healthy adults. If a normal colony produces 8 young bees, how many young bees would a colony with the superfood produce? A．15 B．40 C．80 D．120 建议用时：40min Passage 1（细节理解考点语篇练） 【2026届湖北省武汉市部分高中高三上学期九月调研】At first sight, Easthope doesn’t seem much like a Cassandra (希腊神话人物). She smiles a lot. Her manner is kind and motherly; pushed to name her profession, you might guess at nurse or teacher. But look closer. Easthope is an emergency planner whose job is to support the survivors of major disasters, in which capacity she acted following the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami and the fire at Grenfell Tower. For two decades, the public knew nothing about this vital work, which went on behind the scenes, though she was hugely admired in what we might call professional disaster circles: a voice of calm and a fountain of wisdom. But in 2023, she published a best-selling book about her career, When the Dust Settles, and that changed. People became very interested in what she did. “At literary festivals, most authors get questions about their writing process,” Easthope says. “But I wouldn’t get those. What people wanted from me was to know how I lived with the knowledge that I have. Wasn’t I afraid? How did I handle it? I would tell them that I didn’t live afraid, and I would give them basic advice. But this wasn’t enough.” In the end, she felt she had no choice but to write a second book, one in which she would try to cover all that she has learned for the benefit of each individual. While her publisher describes Come What May as a road map for resilience (韧性), the word is one Easthope dislikes. Ready, she suggests, is a better one. Easthope also reminds people that small things, like losing hair during illness or consuming too much food after someone dies, still matter. She encourages people to remember, not to forget, what happened during disasters, because such events leave a long-lasting effect. 1．What might a Cassandra be like according to paragraph 1? A．Friendly and energetic. B．Competent and cautious. C．Cheerful and easy-going. D．Serious and unapproachable. 2．What led to increased public awareness of Easthope’s work in 2023? A．The publication of a best seller. B．Her involvement in 2004 tsunami relief. C．The growth of professional disaster circles. D．Her sudden rise to fame through media. 3．Why are readers’ questions cited in paragraph 3? A．To reveal Easthope’s personal fears. B．To explain Easthope’s writing process. C．To showcase Easthope’s writing motivation. D．To present public doubts about Easthope’s work. 4．What does Easthope agree on handling disasters? A．Forgetting aids recovery. B．Resilience matters most. C．Positive thinking takes the lead. D．Minor sufferings deserve attention. Passage 2（细节理解考点语篇练） 【广东省汕头市潮南区2025-2026学年高三毕业班12月份教学质量监测】Artificial intelligence (AI) is playing an increasingly important role in the restoration of Dunhuang murals (壁画). Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes, located in Gansu Province, are home to more than 45,000 square meters of murals, some of which date back over 1,600 years. However, these precious artworks are facing threats from natural aging, climate change, and human activities. A team of researchers from Tsinghua University has developed an AI-based system to assist in mural restoration. The system first uses high-resolution cameras to capture detailed images of the murals. Then, AI algorithms analyze the images to identify damaged areas, such as cracks, fading, and peeling. “AI can quickly and accurately detect even the smallest damages that are difficult for human eyes to spot,” said Professor Chen, the leader of the research team. After identifying the damaged areas, the AI system provides restoration suggestions based on historical data and the style of the murals. For example, if a color has faded, the AI can recommend the most appropriate color to match the original. The system also helps restorers simulate the restoration effect before actual work begins, which reduces the risk of mistakes. “The AI system has greatly improved the efficiency and accuracy of mural restoration,” Professor Chen said. “What used to take restorers months to complete can now be done in a few weeks with the help of AI.” However, Professor Chen also pointed out that AI is only an assistant tool. “Human restorers still play a crucial role in making final decisions, as restoration requires not only technical skills but also a deep understanding of the cultural and historical background of the murals.” Some experts are concerned about the over-reliance on AI in cultural heritage restoration. “We should not let AI replace human judgment,” said Dr. Li, a cultural heritage expert. “The value of cultural heritage lies not only in its appearance but also in the human emotions and craftsmanship behind it.” 5．What is the main threat to Dunhuang murals mentioned in the text? A．Lack of research funds. B．Insufficient restoration technology. C．Natural aging and human activities. D．Lack of professional restorers. 6．What is the first step of the AI-based restoration system? A．Analyzing the damaged areas. B．Capturing detailed images of the murals. C．Providing restoration suggestions. D．Simulating the restoration effect. 7．Why is human involvement still crucial in mural restoration? A．AI cannot detect small damages. B．AI is too expensive to use widely. C．Restoration requires cultural and historical understanding. D．Human restorers work faster than AI. 8．What is Dr. Li’s attitude towards the use of AI in mural restoration? A．Fully supportive. B．Strongly opposed. C．Cautious. D．Indifferent. Passage 3（细节理解考点语篇练） 【福建省福州第三中学2025-2026学年高三上学期11月考】Eighteen miles into the walk, both of my legs screamed. I was a few months into training for a 30-mile walking challenge to celebrate the final year of my Ph. D．, and now my carefully laid plans seemed on shaky ground. The setback came on top of bad news on another front: my job hunt. I applied to positions broadly, confident I would land something soon. But the rejections started to roll in. In both cases I would soon have to make a choice: Should I stay the course, or adjust my plans? Looking for a way to take my mind off the stresses of finishing my Ph. D．and the job search, I decided to organize a 30-mile walking challenge. I’d ease the burden of long hours working on thesis chapters and job applications by being out in the countryside, among the members of the walking group I had joined a year ago. Soon, though, I was finding I had less time to train. I pushed myself harder than I should have, setting the stage for my leg injury. My professional prospects weren’t looking any better. And my injury only worsened my mood. For months I stuck doggedly to my previously laid plans — but maybe it was time to try a new path. I previously considered government jobs but had been discouraged by the complicated application process, very different from that at private companies. But the employment policies seemed friendly toward those undertaking career transitions, and the work seemed in line with my career goals. I decided to give it a try, learning new vocabulary s to explain how my academic experience qualified me for the jobs — and was excited to get interviews, and eventually offers, for two different positions. The weight I had felt for months finally lifted. At the same time, I was still struggling with my walk plans. With the stress of my job search behind me, I learned I could find satisfaction by revising my goal: a shortened walk of 14 miles, a distance I could manage comfortably. One month later, I successfully defended my thesis and started my new job. 9．What can we learn about the author from paragraph 1? A．He was faced with life difficulties. B．He had clear goals for his future. C．He was making academic progress. D．He had given up on his sports plans. 10．What did the author expect of the 30-mile walking challenge? A．Mental relief. B．New friendships. C．Job opportunities. D．Fitness improvement. 11．Why did the author apply for government jobs? A．There were various position options. B．The application procedure was familiar. C．They allowed for a long career transition. D．They matched his professional objectives. 12．What message does the author most want to send in the text? A．Plans can be adjusted to better suit ourselves. B．Success often comes after tolerating failures. C．Exercise can contribute to our mental capacities. D．Overcoming challenges is a necessary part of life. Passage 4（细节理解考点语篇练） 【山东师范大学附属中学2025-2026学年高三上学期期中】Insects, with their tiny brains, exhibit remarkable navigation abilities. They can find their way through complex environments and even detect small openings to pass through. This phenomenon has sparked the interest of researchers, particularly in the field of computing, where efficiency is a priority. A team led by biologist Dr. Maria Fernández at the University of Cambridge has recently made significant advances in understanding how insects achieve this, and they have applied their findings to develop a bio-inspired navigation system for robots. One of the key factors in insect navigation is the way they process visual information. “When you’re driving, the objects closer to you seem to move faster than those farther away,” explains Dr. Fernández. Insects use this principle to measure distances and navigate effectively. However, the real world is not a straight line, and insects often need to make rapid adjustments to their paths to avoid obstacles or find food. To handle this complexity, they employ a series of simple, yet effective, strategies. Dr. Fernández’s team, including PhD student Alex Johnson, developed a neural model that mimics (模仿) the insect brain’s activity. The model is based on the principle of minimizing the apparent motion of the environment. “We programmed the robot to always move towards the area where the visual motion is least,” says Johnson. “This simple rule allows the robot to center itself in narrow passages and navigate through them with minimal computational effort.” In various virtual environments, the robot demonstrated behavior similar to that of insects, successfully finding and passing through small openings. The researchers believe that this finding could have significant implications for the development of energy-efficient computing. “By designing specific hardware that replicates these simple neural mechanisms,” Dr. Fernández explains, “we can create more efficient and compact computing systems. This approach could lead to significant advancements in robotics, sensor technology, and even mobile devices.” In the future, Dr. Fernández aims to apply these insect navigation principles to the design of specialized chips. “These chips would be much smaller and consume less power than current general-purpose processors. This could revolutionize how we build and use computing devices in a wide range of applications,” she comments. 13．How does insect navigation research drive technological innovation? A．By developing new types of robots. B．By understanding insects’ navigation ability. C．By improving general-purpose processors. D．By creating virtual environments for testing. 14．Why is “a car” mentioned in Paragraph 2? A．To demonstrate the principle of car motion. B．To emphasize the limitations of human vision. C．To interpret how insects perceive distances. D．To compare the movement of different objects. 15．How do insects use visual information to navigate? A．By detecting the fastest-moving objects. B．By judging the smallest relative motion. C．By following a straight path at all times. D．By memorizing the locations of obstacles. 16．What is the future goal of the research? A．Designing insect-inspired smart chips. B．Rescarching general-purpose robots. C．Developing sensors that save energy. D．Building computers inspired by insects. Passage 5（细节理解考点语篇练） 【2026届浙江省嵊州市高三上学期一模统考】Today’s chefs follow tested recipes, but until Boston cooking teacher Fannie Merritt Farmer, born in 1857,insisted on precise measurements, cooking was full of guesswork. As a teenager, Fannie was stricken with an illness that paralyzed her left leg. In spite of this, she pursued her passion for cooking. While teaching a neighbor’s child to cook, she realized instructions like “a pinch” or “a lump” were not helpful, believing accurate measurements would make cooking easier and results more consistent. At 30, Farmer entered Boston Cooking School. She was an exceptional student and was hired as assistant director upon graduation in 1889, becoming principal two years later. While there, she used a cookbook by the school’s first principal, Mrs. Lincoln, who wrote that good cooks “measure by judgment and experience.” However, Farmer stated in her own cookbook, “Correct measurements are absolutely necessary.” Using newly available measuring cups, she gave exact measurements and detailed instructions, leaving nothing to chance. In 1896, she took her 700-page The Boston Cooking-School Cook Book to a publisher. Initially, the publisher doubted its success, but Farmer paid the printing costs herself. Sales took off immediately. Her revised edition sold over 400,000 copies, making it the best-selling cookbook of its time. After 11 years’ teaching at Boston Cooking School, she started her own school, focusing on homemakers. She pioneered cooking for the sick, publishing what she considered her most important work on the subject. Her expertise earned her a lecturer position at Harvard Medical School, the first woman to do so. Despite a stroke in her 50s that caused further paralysis, she continued lecturing nationwide, earning the title “Mother of Level Measurements.” She gave her last lecture just ten days before her death in 1915. The New York Times credited her for “bringing a scientific approach to cooking” and writing a cookbook that “defined American food for the 20th century.” 17．What inspired Farmer to focus on precise measurements in cooking? A．The suggestions from a famous publisher. B．The influence of Mrs. Lincoln’s cookbook. C．The experience of teaching a neighbor’s child. D．The requirements of the Boston Cooking School. 18．What made Fannie Farmer stand out from other women? A．Overcoming her physical disability. B．Establishing her own cooking school. C．The 400,000 copies of 700-page revised edition. D．The first female lecturer at Harvard Medical School. 19．Which of the following best describes Fannie Farmer? A．Strict and traditional. B．Patient and reserved. C．Determined and innovative. D．Humorous and independent. 20．What is the passage mainly about? A．Changes of cooking tools. B．The life of a cooking pioneer. C．The history of cooking schools. D．Challenges in publishing cookbooks. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 6 / 9 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $