专题20 阅读理解之词句猜测题（语篇知识）-2026年中考英语一轮系统化复习讲练（浙江专用）

2026年中考英语一轮系统化复习讲练（浙江专用） 专题20 阅读理解之词句猜测题 目录清单 第一部分 中考考题再现回顾题型 锚点方向 第二部分 核心知识清单锁定基础 高效学习 第三部分 核心策略解析方法精析 策略巩固 第四部分 要点强化训练深度强化 扫清盲区 ◇Part 01 中考考题再现 （2024·浙江·中考真题）If you are looking for somewhere special to visit in London, we may have the answer for you: Sir John Soane’s Museum. The museum is one of London’s best-kept secrets, and it’s well worth a visit. Sir John, a great architect (建筑师), lived in London during the 18th century (1753—1837), and the amazing thing is that his house is exactly the same as he left it. In fact, visiting the house is just like stepping back in time. There are three floors which are open to the public. You can start on the first floor. This was Sir John’s work area. You can ask the guards about the paintings on the walls as they tell you something about this family and life. And don’t worry about the guards as they are really nice and helpful. Next, you can go downstairs to the ground floor. Here you can see his rich collection of paintings. For example, there is a series (系列) of interesting paintings about 18th century life in London. Now comes the last part, the underground floor. It’s full of thousands of valuable objects, such as sculptures (雕塑) and models of famous buildings from all over the world. Walking around this part of the house is a bit like being on a treasure hunt, as you can find things hidden away in secret corners. Anyway, you’ll have to go there yourself to see. Sir John Soane’s Museum is a very small place. It’s only about ten minutes’ walk from the British Museum. There is a free hour-long guided tour every Saturday at 2:30 pm, but the best thing is just to walk about by yourself. So now you know where to go next time you’re in London. We guarantee that it’s an experience you won’t forget! 1．Why is Sir John Soane’s Museum special according to Paragraph 1? A．It is the oldest museum in London. B．There is a time machine in it. C．It is kept the same as Sir John left it. D．There are lots of secret boxes in it. 2．In which order does the writer advise people to visit the museum? ①the underground floor ②the ground floor ③the first floor A．①②③ B．②①③ C．①③② D．③②① 3．What can be seen on the ground floor of the museum? A．A series of interesting paintings. B．Pictures of Sir John and his family. C．A valuable collection of sculptures. D．Models of famous buildings in the world. 4．What does the underlined word “guarantee” in the last paragraph probably mean? A．hear B．decide C．promise D．remember 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．C 【分析】本文主要介绍了约翰·索恩爵士博物馆。 1．细节理解题。根据“and the amazing thing is that his house is exactly the same as he left it”可知令人惊奇的是，他的房子和他离开时一模一样。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“You can start on the first floor...Next, you can go downstairs to the ground floor...Now comes the last part, the underground floor.”可知先参观二楼，然后下楼到一楼，最后到地下楼层。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Here you can see his rich collection of paintings. For example, there is a series (系列) of interesting paintings about 18th century life in London”可知在这里你可以看到他丰富的绘画收藏，例如，有一系列关于18世纪伦敦生活的有趣画作。故选A。 4．词义猜测题。根据“We guarantee that it’s an experience you won’t forget!”可知是保证这是一次你不会忘记的经历，故此处划线部分和promise意义相近。故选C。。 ◇Part 02 核心知识清单 词句猜测题作为中考英语阅读理解的高频题型，在整套试卷中占比约 10%-15%，属于区分度较高的能力考查题。该题型主要聚焦四大核心考点：生词释义、熟词生义、短语含义及代词指代。其中，生词释义常涉及学术类、科普类文本中的专业词汇，如科技类文章中的 “artificial intelligence（人工智能）”；熟词生义则着重考查词汇在特定语境下的非常规用法，例如 “bank” 除常见的 “银行” 义项外，在 “the river bank” 中表示 “河岸”；短语含义涵盖固定搭配、习语及复合结构的语义推断；代词指代题要求考生精准定位上下文，分析 “it”“they”“this” 等代词的具体所指。 该题型核心检验考生三大能力：语篇语境分析能力（通过前后句构建语义场）、逻辑关系推导能力（利用因果、转折、并列等逻辑词辅助判断），以及语言知识迁移能力（运用词根词缀、词性变化等知识破解语义）。设问形式较为固定，常见 “What does the word ‘...’ mean in Paragraph...?”“The underlined phrase ‘...’ probably means...” 及 “What does ‘it’/‘this’ refer to?” 等句式，要求考生突破字面限制，实现深层语义解码。 一、题型类型 （一）生词释义题 生词释义题是中考英语阅读理解中常见的题型，主要考查学生通过上下文线索推断超出考纲词汇含义的能力。此类题目往往会在科普说明文、社会现象类文章中出现，这些陌生词汇通常涉及自然现象、专业术语或新兴概念。 1.同义关系线索 But sometimes, no rain falls for a long, long time. Then there is a dry period, or drought. 【分析】句中 “or” 作为典型的同义关系标志词，明确提示 “drought” 与 “dry period” 为同义关系。结合前文 “长期无雨” 的语境，可推断 “drought” 意为 “旱灾”。此外，英语中常见的同义关系信号词还有 “that is”“in other words”“namely” 等，这些词前后的内容往往会对生词进行解释。 2.反义关系线索 Most of us agreed; however, Bill dissented. 【分析】“however” 表明前后句存在转折关系，“agreed” 表示 “同意”，由此可推断 “dissented” 意为 “不同意”。类似 “but”“while”“on the contrary” 等转折词，常用来构建反义语境，帮助考生通过已知词汇的含义反向推导生词意思。 3.举例说明线索 Select any of these periodicals: Time, Newsweek, Reader’s Digest or The New Yorker. 【分析】冒号后的 “Time”（《时代周刊》）、“Newsweek”（《新闻周刊》）等具体刊物名称，作为 “periodicals” 的举例，由此可推断 “periodicals” 指 “期刊；杂志”。“such as”“like”“for example” 等举例信号词，能通过具体实例揭示生词的类别和属性。 4.因果关系线索 The river is so turbid that it is impossible to see the bottom even when it is shallow. 【分析】“so...that...” 引导的结果状语从句表明因果逻辑，“无法看见河底” 的结果，可反向推出 “turbid” 描述河水 “浑浊的” 状态。常见的 “because”“therefore”“result in” 等因果连接词，能通过逻辑链条辅助词义推导。 （二）熟词生义题 考查常见词汇在特定语境中的特殊含义，需规避 “望文生义” 陷阱。这类题目不仅要求考生掌握词汇的基本释义，更考验其对上下文逻辑的精准把握能力。命题者常选取高频基础词汇，通过搭配、场景或情感色彩的变化赋予新义，极易造成理解偏差。例如： Jim said, “I had a bad toothache... I left it at the dentist’s.”（记叙文） The new policy left the small businesses in a tough spot.（议论文） Her words left me feeling confused.（散文） 【分析】 在记叙文语境中，“left” 作为基础动词，常见义为 “离开”。但结合 “牙痛看牙医” 的场景，此处实为 “遗留” 之意，暗示坏牙已被拔除并留在诊所； 议论文示例里，“left” 延伸为 “使处于（某种状态）”，说明新政策导致小企业陷入困境，需从政策影响的逻辑关系判断； 散文片段中，“left” 表示 “使某人产生（某种感觉）”，通过人物情感变化揭示言语带来的心理效应。此类题目需突破词汇表层含义，结合文体特征、情感基调及逻辑链条，精准推导深层语义。 （三）短语猜测题 短语猜测题常聚焦于固定搭配或语境化短语，解题时需依赖逻辑关系推导，同时结合生活常识和上下文线索。这类题目不仅考查考生对词汇的掌握，更注重其在具体语境中理解和运用语言的能力。例如： The dentist looked him over and pulled out his bad tooth at last. 【分析】在该句中，“pull out” 后接 “bad tooth”，明确表明动作对象为牙齿。结合前文 “The dentist looked him over”（牙医为他做了检查），可知主人公正在接受牙科治疗。再依据下文 “left it at the dentist’s”（将它留在了牙医处），进一步确认 “it” 指代牙齿，由此可推断 “pull out” 意为 “拔掉”。此外，从生活常识角度，牙医对坏牙常见的处理方式也是拔除，这也辅助验证了推测的准确性。同时，该句通过 “and” 连接 “looked him over” 和 “pulled out”，形成了动作的先后逻辑关系，也为猜测词义提供了线索。 （四）代词指代题 代词指代题在中考英语阅读理解中常以 it、they、this、that 等代词为考查对象，其核心解题关键在于通过分析上下文的逻辑关系，精准定位代词所指代的对象，这一过程往往需要追溯前文出现的核心名词、名词短语或句子。在解题时，可先在代词附近寻找合适的指代对象，再将该对象代入原句进行语义验证，确保句子逻辑通顺、语义合理。例如： E- books are convenient because they can be stored in a single device. 【分析】在该句中，“they” 作为复数形式的代词，其指代对象需从前文寻找。通过分析可知，前文出现的复数名词 “e-books” 符合逻辑。将 “e-books” 代入原句替换 “they” 后，句子变为 “E-books are convenient because e-books can be stored in a single device.” ，语义连贯合理，由此确定 “they” 指代 “e-books” 。这种指代方式不仅符合 “用单一设备存储电子书” 的逻辑，也体现了英语语言中避免重复、追求简洁的表达习惯 。在实际考试中，若遇到类似题型，考生应仔细研读代词前后的文本，梳理句子间的指代关系，避免因误判指代对象而导致失分。 二、基于语体与文体的特征分析 （一）语体维度特征 1.正式语体（说明文、议论文） 命题特征：多通过定义解释、举例说明或构词法设置线索，语言严谨，信号词明确。此类语体常用于学术交流与知识传播，作者倾向于使用清晰的逻辑结构和规范的语言表达，帮助读者准确理解信息。因此，在词句猜测题中，会通过直接定义、举例等方式，为考生提供明确的线索。 典型信号词：that is、in other words、such as、破折号及定语从句。这些信号词如同路标，指引考生找到关键信息，进而推测词义。 【示例分析】 3D VR Glasses: This is a new arrival 3DVR Shinecon Helmet virtual (虚拟的) reality glasses. [分析]括号中 “虚拟的” 直接定义 “virtual”，结合正式语体的解释性特征，可快速推断词义。在中考真题中，曾出现过类似题目：“The term ‘ecosystem’ refers to all the living and non-living things in a particular area and how they interact with each other.” 这里 “refers to” 作为信号词，后面的内容就是对 “ecosystem” 的定义，考生据此能轻松得出其意为 “生态系统”。 2.非正式语体（生活化记叙文、书信） 命题特征：依赖语境逻辑、情感线索及生活常识，信号词较隐蔽，多含口语化表达。非正式语体贴近日常生活，其语言表达更自然随意，词句含义往往需要结合具体语境和生活经验来理解。因此，在设置词句猜测题时，会着重考查考生对语境和常识的把握能力。 【示例分析】 A woman bought a parrot from a pet store. “This bird doesn’t talk,” she told the owner. [分析]非正式语境中未直接定义 “parrot”，但 “from a pet store”“bird” 及 “会说话” 的隐含属性，结合常识可推断为 “鹦鹉”。再如，在书信类文本 “I was so excited when I received the parcel. I couldn’t wait to open it and see what was inside.” 中，对于 “parcel” 的理解，考生可根据 “received”（收到）和 “open”（打开）等动作，以及生活中收到包裹的常识，推测出其意为 “包裹”。 （二）文体维度特征 1.记叙文（故事、人物传记） 核心特征：以情节发展和情感变化为线索，多通过因果关系或上下文场景推断词义。记叙文注重故事的叙述，在情节推进过程中，人物的情感和行为相互关联，词句的含义也在具体场景中得以体现。 【示例分析】 They worked very hard and didn’t stop to rest until 5:30 p.m. Although they felt a little tired, they were very happy. 设问：What does “tired” probably mean? [分析]结合 “长时间工作到傍晚” 的情节，“tired” 与 “happy” 形成转折，可推断为 “疲惫的”。在一篇关于登山的记叙文里，“After climbing for hours, they were exhausted. Their legs felt like lead, and they could barely take another step.” 这里 “climbing for hours”（长时间攀登）的情节，以及 “legs felt like lead”（腿像灌了铅一样）的形象描述，都能帮助考生推测出 “exhausted” 表示 “极其疲惫的”。 2.说明文（科普、介绍） 核心特征：以解释说明为目的，高频使用定义、举例、对比等线索，构词法辅助性强。说明文旨在向读者传递知识，为了让读者清晰理解复杂概念，作者会采用多种说明方法，这些方法也成为词句猜测题的重要线索。 【示例分析】 People use “biodegradable” materials to make bags—these materials can break down naturally in the environment. [分析]破折号后的解释 “可自然分解的材料” 直接定义 “biodegradable”，符合说明文的定义性特征。在科普类说明文中，“The phenomenon of ‘photosynthesis’—the process by which plants use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and glucose—is essential for life on Earth.” 破折号后的内容详细解释了 “photosynthesis”（光合作用）的过程，帮助考生理解词义。此外，还可利用构词法辅助理解，如 “microorganism”，“micro -” 表示 “微小的”，“organism” 意为 “生物体”，组合起来就是 “微生物”。 3.议论文（观点表达） 核心特征：以逻辑论证为核心，多通过转折、因果关系或同义替换提供线索。议论文通过阐述观点、论证观点来表达作者的立场，逻辑关系在其中起着关键作用，这些逻辑关系也为词句猜测提供了重要依据。 【示例分析】 Some people think online study is flexible, but others consider it inflexible because of network problems. [分析]“but” 表转折，“inflexible” 与 “flexible”（灵活的）形成反义，可推断为 “不灵活的”。在另一篇关于城市发展的议论文中，“Some advocate for the expansion of public transportation, believing it can alleviate traffic congestion. However, others oppose this idea, arguing that it requires too much investment.” 这里 “However” 表示转折，通过 “advocate for”（支持）和 “oppose”（反对）的反义关系，考生可推测出 “oppose” 的含义。同时，还可通过同义替换来猜测词义，如 “The new policy aims to boost the local economy. It is expected to promote economic growth in the region.” 中 “boost” 和 “promote” 为同义替换，都表示 “促进”。 4.应用文（广告、通知） 核心特征：以实用信息传递为目的，多结合场景词汇及同义转换，线索简洁直接。应用文具有很强的实用性，其语言简洁明了，重点突出，在词句猜测题中，会通过直接解释或常见的场景词汇帮助考生理解词义。 【示例分析】 The library will close for renovation next week—all books must be returned before Monday. (Renovation: making repairs and improvements) [分析]括号中直接给出 “renovation” 的解释，符合应用文 “信息明确” 的特征。在广告类应用文中，“Our store is having a big sale! All items are discounted up to 50%. Don’t miss this chance to get great bargains!” 这里 “discounted” 结合 “big sale”（大减价）和 “up to 50%”（高达 50%），以及 “bargains”（便宜货）等场景词汇，考生可推测出其意为 “打折”。此外，还会出现同义转换的情况，如 “We are seeking volunteers for the event. We need individuals who are willing to offer their help.” 中 “seeking” 和 “need” 意思相近，都表示 “寻找、需要”。 ◇Part 03 核心考点解析 （一）通用核心策略 语境线索法：定位生词前后的解释性语句、举例或因果信号词是解题的关键。解释性语句常通过 "means/that is/in other words" 等短语引导，同位语结构则直接对目标词进行补充说明；举例信号词 "such as/for example" 会提供具象化实例；因果关系词 "because/so/therefore" 能揭示逻辑关联。例如在 "Tom is diligent, but his brother is lazy" 中，转折连词 "but" 形成语义对比，通过已知词 "lazy" 反向推导，可精准锁定 "diligent" 意为 "勤奋的"。此外，在长难句中，还需关注分号、冒号等标点符号分隔的并列或解释关系，如 "She has a voracious appetite; she can finish a whole pizza in one sitting"，通过后半句的具体行为描述，可推断 "voracious" 表示 "贪吃的、狼吞虎咽的"。 构词法辅助：掌握常见前缀、后缀和词根是破解生词的密码。前缀 "un-"（否定）、"re-"（重复）、"dis-"（否定 / 分离）等能改变基础词含义；后缀 "-ful"（形容词属性）、"-ment"（抽象名词）、"-tion"（动作或状态）可明确词性。例如，将 "dishonest" 拆解为 "dis-（否定）+honest（诚实的）"，即可得出 "不诚实的" 释义。对于复合词，如 "waterproof" 由 "water（水）+proof（防... 的）" 构成，意为 "防水的"。同时，一些词根具有特定语义场，如 "bio-"（生命）、"astro-"（宇宙），在 "biography"（传记）和 "astronaut"（宇航员）中可辅助理解词义。 代入验证法：将推测词义代入原文时，需从语法和逻辑双维度进行验证。语法层面，检查词性是否匹配（如形容词修饰名词、副词修饰动词），时态是否一致；逻辑层面，需确保语义连贯、符合上下文语境。例如，在 "The new policy aims to curb excessive spending" 中，若推测 "curb" 为 "控制、抑制"，代入后句子逻辑通顺；若误判为 "鼓励"，则与 "excessive（过度的）" 形成矛盾，可据此排除错误选项。此外，还需关注指代关系的一致性，确保代词与被指代对象在单复数、性别上保持一致。 （二）语体与文体适配策略 正式语体（说明文 / 议论文）：此类文体常采用严谨的学术表达，破折号、括号、定语从句等解释性符号是解题突破口。定义法表现为 "A is defined as B" 或 "A, which means B" 等句式结构，如 "Hydroponics - the practice of growing plants without soil - has become increasingly popular"，破折号间的内容直接解释了 "hydroponics"（水培）的含义。结合构词法，拆分 "thermometer"（thermo - 热 + meter - 测量工具），可推断其为 "温度计"。此外，议论文中常出现的类比、对比论证也能辅助词义理解，如通过 "The economy is like a well - oiled machine" 理解抽象概念。 非正式语体（记叙文）：记叙文注重情节推进和情感表达，解题需紧密结合故事背景与生活常识。例如，在 "As soon as she entered the pet store, Lily's eyes lit up at the sight of a colorful parrot" 中，结合 "pet store（宠物店）" 的场景和 "bird（鸟类）" 的范畴，以及常见宠物鸟知识，可推断 "parrot" 为 "鹦鹉"。对于人物对话中的俚语或习语，如 "He's feeling under the weather today"，需联系上下文人物状态（如请假休息），结合 "天气不好引申为身体不适" 的生活逻辑，理解其意为 "身体不舒服"。同时，注意人物情感色彩对词义的影响，褒贬语境会直接影响词汇选择。 应用文：包括广告、通知、说明书等实用文体，特点是信息高度结构化。解题时应重点关注括号、注释、加粗 / 下划线等视觉提示，这些元素往往直接标注关键信息。例如在旅游广告中 "All - inclusive package（includes flights, accommodation, and meals）"，括号内内容直接解释了 "all - inclusive" 的涵盖范围。对于图表类应用文，需结合图例和说明文字，如地图中的图标注释、柱状图的单位说明等，快速定位并理解专业术语。此外，应用文常使用缩写词（如 "Ltd." 代表 "Limited"），需熟悉常见缩写规则。 （三）词义猜测失误规避策略 规避 “望文生义”：英语中存在大量短语动词和固定搭配，其整体含义往往无法通过单个词汇简单叠加得出。例如 "pull out" 在 "The dentist pulled out the decayed tooth" 中，结合 "牙医 + 坏牙" 的医疗场景，应理解为 "拔掉"，而非字面的 "拉出"。再如 "take off" 除基本义 "脱下" 外，在 "The plane took off on time" 中表示 "起飞"，在 "Her career took off after the award" 中意为 "迅速发展"，需结合具体语境动态判断。 区分代词指代对象：代词（it/they/this/that）的准确识别是理解文意的关键。遵循 “就近原则”，优先指代前文最近的核心名词，但需结合逻辑关系验证。例如在 "John gave Tom a book, but he didn't like it" 中，"he" 就近指代 "Tom"，"it" 指代 "book"；若出现多个同类型名词，需根据上下文语义确定，如 "The cat chased the dog, but it was too fast"，此处 "it" 指代速度更快的 "dog"。此外，指示代词 "this/that" 常指代前文整段论述或事件，需从宏观层面把握。 警惕熟词陷阱：部分词汇在不同语境下会产生语义偏移或引申义。例如 "left" 在 "She left her keys at the office" 中表示 "遗留"，而非常见的 "离开"；"bear" 除 "熊" 之外，在 "I can't bear the noise" 中意为 "忍受"。对于一词多性的情况，如 "book" 作名词是 "书"，作动词则为 "预订"，需根据语法功能（如是否接宾语）判断词性，进而确定词义。平时学习中应建立多义词词库，积累高频词汇的特殊用法。 ◇Part 04 要点强化训练 提｜升｜练｜习 1 In the livestreaming channel (直播频道) of Yang Weiyun, no singing or dancing is performed, nor are products sold. Yang teaches pinyin, reading, and writing, something that has been most familiar to her for the past 50 years. The difference is that her students are mostly adults. The 73-year-old comes from Huainan city of Anhui province and is an experienced educator. She had been a Chinese teacher in a primary school for 30 years and a kindergarten (幼儿园) head for another 20 years. In retirement (退休), Yang wanted to do something meaningful. The rise of short video platforms gave her the idea of continuing her education endeavors (努力) through livestreaming online. Yang opened her livestreaming account in May 2021 and offered free pinyin courses designed for kindergarten pupils about to attend primary schools. However, she gradually learnt that among her viewers there are a lot of illiterate adults. She found that many of them are afraid to go to new places and worried that they couldn’t teach their children or read their boss’s instructions. So, she decided to add some courses to meet their needs. Zhang Mei is among the students who benefit from Yang’s livestreaming lessons. She was born and raised in the countryside and had never been to school. She watches Yang’s livestream whenever there is spare time. Now she can read Chinese characters if they are marked with pinyin and knows how to write her name. She also found a job. Yang said students learning through her livestreaming channel each have their own needs. So she always prepares her classes carefully after finishing a livestreaming lesson. She tries her best to find out what ways the students can learn and remember better, and her biggest wish now is to see these students graduate from her classes. 1．What can we know about Yang’s livestreaming? A．She tells people how to teach kids. B．She teaches people to sing and dance. C．She teaches people to read and write. D. She lets people know who she is. 2．What does the underlined phrase “illiterate adults” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．People who want to learn. B．People who don’t know how to read or write. C．People who are famous. D. People who have lot of money 3．Which of the following words can best describe Yang Weiyun? A．Hardworking and talented. B．Helpful and considerate (体贴的). C．Independent and grateful (感激的). D. Anxious and doubtful 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．A clever woman. B．An interesting livestream. C．A great woman. D. An unforgettable woman. 2 We learn a lot about animals’ behavior (行为) from the animals living in the zoo. However, to learn more about wild animals, scientists sometimes need to put monitors on wild animals so that they can know where they go and what they eat. How do scientists put the monitors on wild animals? Sometimes the animals are sick and need to be cared for in a wildlife hospital. Scientists put monitors on the sick animals before they leave. Sometimes scientists go into the field, catch some animals, put monitors on them and then let them go. By following animals’ steps, scientists can get a good feel for how far and when the animals travel, and it can help us understand them better. Fishermen say that fishing before a strong storm is usually a good choice because fish really like eating. They believe fish eat as much as possible before the storm comes to the water. Scientists also find fish’s voice is louder during the storm and for three days after the storm. Bird scientists have found that some birds don’t move to other places until the strong storm has passed. They believe that the birds can notice the changes in air pressure (气压). The scientists have also found seabirds fly hundreds of miles from the area where they usually live before the strong storm comes. Butterflies hide in tree holes or under rocks a few hours before the strong storm comes. Rabbits and other small animals usually stay underground before the strong storm comes. 1．The underlined word “monitors” here means ________ in Chinese. A．监视器 B．计步器 C．计算器 D．助听器 2．When can fishermen get more fish? A．At noon. B．At night. C．After a strong storm. D．Before a strong storm. 3．What do seabirds do to stay alive during the strong storm? A．They fly far away. B．They hide in the trees. C．They build strong nests. D．They hide under the water. 4．What do the last four paragraphs mainly tell us? A．What animals eat during the storm. B．What scientists do to protect animals. C．How animals stay alive during the storm. D．How scientists work with the help of animals. 5．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Scientists only study animals in the zoo. B．Fish stay quiet during the strong storm. C．Butterflies fly away to stay alive during the strong storm. D．Rabbits hide underground to stay alive during the strong storm. 3 It was the middle of winter about 30 years ago. I was a young father with three little children depending on me. I worked in a sawmill (锯木厂). As I got ready to go to work, I wrapped bandages (创可贴) around my fingers and put more in my pockets. Cutting and stacking (堆放) wood for eight hours a day had caused my fingers to split (裂开) and blood could be seen at their tips in the cold, dry winter air. That day at work was harder than normal. We were short-handed on workers. So we had to do more work than usual. Besides, the machines kept breaking down, so we had to rush to repair them again and again. On top of that, all the heaters in the building had stopped working and we could see our breath as we spent hours working there! When the work day finally ended, I walked tiredly toward the washroom, took off my work gloves, and checked my aching fingers. The splits were worse than ever and blood came through the bandages again I felt so tired. I wondered how long I could keep doing this, if things would ever get any better, and why life was so hard. After driving home, I tried to put a smile on my face as I opened the front door but instead, one appeared surprisingly, smiling at me and yelling “Daddy!” and put her little arms around my neck. I lifted my daughter up and my heart was filled with love. My tired body didn’t feel so tired anymore. My aches and pains disappeared into her hug. And the joy in my heart chased the sadness away. At that moment, I kissed my little girl’s face and held her tightly (紧紧地). I knew I could continue and things would get better. 1．How do you understand the underlined sentence? A．The workers didn’t have hands. B．The hands of the workers were small. C．The number of the workers was not enough. D．The length of the workers hand was not enough. 2．What’s the main purpose of the fourth paragraph? A．To tell us how hard-working the father was. B．To tell us how to deal with the problems in your work. C．To give some facts about the working conditions of the father. D．To show the father’s awful and tiring feelings towards the hard life. 3．What does the underlined word “one” refer to in the last paragraph? A．A smile. B．His daughter. C．The door. D．His heart. 4．In the story, the author wants to express that ________. A．it is better not to work for so long B．it is important for kids to study hard C．the father felt hopeless about his life D．family can give us warmth and support 4 Now, primary students learn cooking at school. It has been discussed by teachers and parents. Some think that it is a useful skill for students, while others think it’s a waste of time, and some even think it’s just a show. But do they really understand cooking? It’s been said that good cooking is an art form. The truth is that it’s much more than that. When talking about different foods from all around the world, or cultures and histories of dishes, students are connected to the world and learning history and culture in a new field. When learning cooking, students measure (称量) materials from time to time, or find oil and water don’t usually mix. Students are also learning math and science in practice. The importance of failures in making food is as much as successes. Liu Yu, 11, was crazy about the yummy cakes made by her father and wanted to make one on her own. But when taking her cake out, she was disappointed to find that the cake was hard and black at the bottom. Her father told her that when he was 13, he tried to make cakes, but wasted boxes of eggs. Then, together with her father, Liu Yu found out what had gone wrong and succeeded in making one for the first time. Liu Yu learned from the failure of cooking, and could be braver to face failures. Apart from the practical skills, cooking builds character. It encourages kids to work with others. It also encourages them to be open to foods they might not have tried. Though being good for our health, carrots were hated by 12-year-old Xiao Kun. But he started to love them after he made a salad with them. By cooking, students put down their phones and work together with family members in the kitchen. By cooking, students form the habit of doing labor work. As a part of labor education, cooking is a way to teach kids necessary skills in the 21st century, such as creativity, teamwork and so on. If these skills aren’t taught to today’s students, they might hardly survive (生存) in the future. 1．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A．Teachers. B．Parents. C．Students. D．Teachers and parents. 2．Paragraph 2 mainly focuses on ________. A．the meaning of learning cooking B．a new field in cultures and histories C．connecting the students to the world in practice D．cooking different foods from all around the world 3．How old was Liu Yu when she first made her own cake? A．11. B．12. C．13. D．21. 4．Why does the writer mention the change of Xiao Kun? A．To show us carrots are good for our health. B．To encourage kids to work with others. C．To teach us how to make a salad with carrots. D．To educate kids to be open to different foods. 5．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Parents all think learning cooking is a waste of time. B．In fact, learning cooking is also learning math and science. C．Liu Yu wasted boxes of eggs when she made her own cake. D．Xiao Kun didn’t like carrots before he was 12 years old. 5 For many people, having a cup of coffee right out of bed is the best way to start a day. But a report from Asap Science says otherwise. It says the worst time for coffee is soon after we get up. When we wake up, our bodies start to make cortisol (皮质醇). Cortisol helps us to think clearly and be quick to understand and act. The cortisol levels rise after we wake up and climb to the highest in about an hour. So there are two problems when we drink coffee during this time: our bodies will make less cortisol, and the cortisol will make coffee less useful. And that’s why some of us drink more and more coffee. Then, when’s the best time to have coffee? When the cortisol levels are going down, the report says. Cortisol levels are usually highest between 8 a.m. and 9 a.m., between noon and 1 p.m., and between 5:30 p.m. and 6:30 p.m. So if you want to have coffee, enjoy it after these times, and this popular drink will help you the most. Three people read the news and wrote what they thought about it. What do you think? Mike: The best time to drink coffee is when you want to drink coffee. Sarah: I often wake up after I drink coffee. Charlie: If you need someone to tell you when to drink coffee, well, that’s just sad. 1．The underlined word “otherwise” in Paragraph 1 probably means the report ________. A．has different ideas B．has nothing to do with it C．is made up D．has the same idea 2．The picture shows how the cortisol levels rise and fall during a day. From the passage, which is a good time for coffee? A．A． B．B． C．C． D．D． 3．What did three people think of the news? A．They wanted to try what it said. B．They were sad about what it said. C．They disagreed with what it said. D．They took what it said seriously. 4．Which idea is talked about in the passage? A．How often we should drink coffee. B．What happens when we have too much coffee. C．How to help the body make the cortisol we need. D．What happens when we have coffee at the wrong time. 6 Elephants are known for their high intelligence, empathy (同理心), and communication skills. A new study suggests they may have another amazing ability: They may give each other special “names”—an ability that no other non-human animals are known to have. The lead researcher Dr. Michael Pardo said, “We all know that dolphins and parrots try to copy each other’s sounds to communicate. But our findings suggest elephants don’t depend on imitation. They seem to use the way in which human names work.” The research team included Dr. Joyce Poole. Many times, she noticed an elephant calling out, with only one replying. The rest of the group would continue feeding, seeming not to hear the call. This led her to wonder if the elephants called each other by specific (特定的) names. For their study, the team chose over 600 recorded elephant calls, or “rumbles”. They all seemed to be directed to specific elephants. These calls were collected over almost 30 years from wild elephants. Elephants’ low-frequency sounds are hard for humans to understand. The researchers turned to machine learning tools to analyze (分析) them. The computer model correctly guessed the receiving elephant’s identity (身份) 28% of the time. While the number may seem low, the researchers say the elephants probably don’t use names all the time. To make sure of the findings, some of the rumbles were played back to 17 wild elephants through a speaker. Sure enough, the elephants only replied to calls meant for them. The study was in Nature Ecology and Evolution. Next, the researchers will go on to find out whether elephants also “name” other important things, like food, water, and locations. 1．What can we learn about elephants from Paragraph 1? A．They’re the smartest animals. B．They’re widely studied in different studies. C．They’re always noisy and make a lot of loud sounds. D．They’re probably the first non-human animals to use “names”. 2．What does the underlined word “imitation” in the text probably mean? A．Making sounds. B．Singing songs. C．Copying sounds. D．Making movements. 3．Which of the following may the researchers agree with? A．Elephants hardly use names to call when eating food. B．Only the elephant that was called can hear the sound. C．People have difficulties understanding elephants’ sounds. D．Elephants use names in a way that is totally different from humans. 4．How did the researchers prove their findings? A．By using machine learning tools. B．By collecting more sounds in the wild. C．By playing the sounds in different situations. D．By replaying the recorded sounds to some wild elephants. 5．What’s the purpose of the text? A．To compare elephants’ skills with other animals’. B．To show a new study about elephants’ amazing ability. C．To tell the readers how elephants communicate with each other. D．To explain why elephants are so intelligent and empathetic animals. 7 During the breaks between classes, Zhang Shiyu from Yinchuan Hupan Middle School used to rush to the toilet and back with no time for anything else. But now, the 14-year-old enjoys a more relaxed schedule (日程安排). “I can rest and share interesting things with my classmates,” she said.   Starting this spring term, primary and middle schools in Yinchuan, Ningxia have extended class breaks from 10 to 15 minutes in order to improve students’ health and happiness. This new policy has brought about many positive changes. For students, the extended break offers more chances for different kinds of activities. Instead of just sitting at their desks, they can now stretch their bodies, play games like badminton or table-tennis on the playground. Some students choose to take a short walk in the school garden, breathing fresh air and relaxing their minds. This helps them relieve (减轻) stress and recharge (使恢复精力) for the next class. Teachers also benefit from this policy. They can have more time to prepare teaching materials or have a brief chat with students, strengthening the teacher-student relationship. Experts say longer breaks reduce stress and improve focus. Teachers also notice students returning to class more energetic and attentive. “The extra minutes make a big difference,” said Candy Wang, an English teacher in the school. “Children need time to refresh their minds.” 1．What was Zhang Shiyu’s main problem during short breaks? A．She couldn’t finish homework. B．She had no time for rest or socializing. C．She felt too tired to exercise. D．She missed his classmates. 2．What does the word “extended” (Paragraph 2) most likely mean? A．Made shorter. B．Repeated. C．Cancelled. D．Made longer. 3．Why did Yinchuan extend school break time? A．To reduce homework loads. B．To prepare for exams. C．To improve health and happiness. D．To lengthen school days. 4．What is the best title for this passage? A．Longer Breaks, Healthier Students B．New Rules for Teachers C．Homework Stress in Schools D．The Importance of Toilet Breaks 8 Artwork is lovely to look at, and it has the power to make people feel and think differently. But do you know that when people see a real work of art, rather than just looking at a photo of it, they are likely to experience stronger feelings? Scientists recently carried out a study at the Mauritshuis museum, the home to Girl with a Pearl Earring (珍珠耳环), a very famous painting. ① The researchers watched how people reacted (反应) to several paintings. First, the volunteers were asked to look at the real paintings on show, and then at photos of the artworks in the museum shop. ② It was shown that their reactions were 10 times stronger when they looked at the real paintings. ③ How did that happen? Through study, people may experience something called the “sustained attentional cycle (持续注意力循环)”when they watch a certain painting. The volunteers’ attention was first drawn to the girl’s left eye, then to her mouth, and then to her pearl earring. This certain order of eye movements repeated in a cycle. Each time they completed the cycle, their focus became stronger and their connection with Girl with a Pearl Earring was deeper. ④ The director of the Mauritshuis, Martine Gosselink, said that the study shows how important it is to go and see art in real life, whether it’s paintings, photography or dancing. She added, “It really helps develop your brain.” The researchers now want to broaden their study, planning to visit other museums and do similar experiments on works like Mona Lisa by Leonardo da Vinci. 1．We can put the following sentence “The team also found that the group reacted even more strongly to Girl with a Pearl Earring.” in ______. A．① B．② C．③ D．④ 2．How does the writer introduce the “sustained attentional cycle”? A．By giving an example. B．By telling a story. C．By listing numbers. D．By offering advice. 3．Which one shows the relationship between the time people spend in watching the painting（x）and people’s focus（y）? A． B． C． D． 4．What does the underlined word “broaden” mean? A．Admire. B．Budget. C．Choose. D．Increase. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．The Power of Real Works of Art B．Lessons from Real Works of Art C．The Way to Enjoy Real Works of Art D．A Visit to Real Works of Art 9 When visitors in the Palace Museum need to sit down for a cup of tea or find a bathroom without a long line, they will be able to turn to their smartphones for the information they need. Thanks to an agreement signed by the museum and Huawei, a “smart network” will be built by using 5G technology. Under the agreement, 5G Wi-Fi signals will cover the Palace Museum. “It’s important to use the latest technology to better serve the public,” said Shan Jixiang, former director of the Palace Museum. “There is still much room for improvement in dealing with cultural relics (文物). I remember that when Along the River During the Qingming Festival was exhibited (展览) in 2015, some visitors waited in the lines for nearly a whole day to have a look. I don’t want that scenario to happen again,” Shan said, “Our work can be done in a more scientific way.” In the new system, more than 1.86 million of cameras are set up all over the Palace Museum to safeguard the museum’s precious relics. “How can we make sure no single visitor who might have bad ideas threatens these treasures?” Shan said, “After using 5G technology, we can immediately notice movement about the relics to prevent such threats.” The 5G network will also be used to improve remote (远程的) meetings through webcams, in which scholars will discuss together to find the best answers for repair and store issues. 1．What does the underlined word “scenario” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Invitation. B．Situation. C．Education. D．Celebration. 2．What is the purpose of the writer listing the number of cameras in Paragraph 4? A．To show the Palace Museum enjoys great popularity all over the world. B．To show the Palace Museum is better than any other museums. C．To show the Palace Museum faces a big challenge of protecting relics. D．To show how many collections of cultural relics in the Palace Museum. 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．No one has the ideas of making the cultural relics broken. B．Scholars must attend face-to-face meetings to discuss repair and store issues. C．The waiting line will be much longer because of the smart network. D．5G technology helps keep an eye on cultural relics at anytime to prevent danger. 4．What is the main purpose of using 5G technology in the Palace Museum according to the article? A．To attract more tourists. B．To improve visitor services and protect cultural relics. C．To replace all traditional security methods. D．To reduce the number of cameras in the museum. 5．The best title for the passage can be “________”. A．A Connection Between Old and New B．A New Kind of Camera C．The Introduction of 5G Technology D．The Beauty of Chinese Cultural Relics 10 Lena Carter never thought she’d become a world-famous chef, let alone (更别提) an encouraging speaker. She looked like a gentle artist rather than a cook who had countless failed experiments. Lena grew up in a small town. Her family ran a fishing business. Her parents always encouraged her to create something. The kitchen was her true stage (舞台). Unfortunately, her tries at cooking were failures at first. Meals were often either overcooked or under-seasoned (寡淡无味的). Her family ate her dishes with smiles, but she saw the truth in their eyes. It hurt, but it also made her really want to improve. One evening, she made a quite bad dish even her dog wouldn’t touch it. But instead of giving up, Lena found herself laughing. For the first time, she understood that failure was a natural part of learning. It was her turning point. From that day, she promised herself never to be afraid of mistakes again and to keep moving forward. Lena with a strong will threw herself into cooking. She borrowed old cooking books from the library, watched cooking shows, and experimented every day. The kitchen became her lab, and every mistake was a lesson. Finally, she left home to study culinary arts in the city. Her parents worried she’d fail, but Lena took the challenges. “It’s not about avoiding mistakes. It’s about turning them into something beautiful,” she told them with a confident smile. Years later, Lena became a famous chef known for her creative dishes. She even opened her own restaurant, which attracted people from all over the world. But her journey didn’t end there. She started sharing her story of growth. “Cooking,” she said, “is like life. Sometimes if you keep your passion (激情) burning, you’ll create something amazing.” Now, Lena travels around the world, cooking, writing books, and encouraging others. Lena’s story teaches everyone that true success is not about never falling but about always rising stronger and wiser. 1．What was the truth in Lena’s family’s eyes? A．Lena’s dishes were not good. B．Lena’s dishes tasted great. C．They felt disappointed at Lena. D．They didn’t want Lena to be a chef. 2．What happened to Lena one evening in Paragraph 3? A．Lena was pleased with her dish. B．Lena realized the true meaning of failure. C．Lena was mad at her dog. D．Lena gave up cooking. 3．What does the underlined phrase “culinary arts” mean in Paragraph 4? A．Arts of communication. B．Arts of selling clothes. C．Arts of management. D．Arts of cooking food. 4．Which is the correct order according to the text? a. Lena became a well-known chef.                       b. Lena went to the city for further study. c. Lena’s tries at cooking were failures at first.     d. Lena travels around the world and encourages others. A．a-d-c-b B．a-c-d-b C．c-b-a-d D．c-d-b-a 5．What can we learn from Lena’s story? A．Family is the most important. B．Never laugh at others. C．Keep improving, and you’ll be better and better. D．Old habits die hard. 11 “You don’t understand me! I wish I had a different mother!” Jiafen shouted. Her mother replied, “I’m just trying to look out for you! Why can’t you listen?” Jiafen couldn’t stand it anymore. “I’m leaving!” she cried and rushed out. Walking through the streets, Jiafen’s strong feelings slowly gave way to a more basic need: food. She stopped near a small noodle stall (摊子), drawn by the nice smell of freshly cooked food. The stall owner noticed her. He called out with a big smile, “Miss, would you like some noodles?” Jiafen hesitated, her cheeks turned red with shame. “I... I forgot to bring money,” she said softly. He waved her over, “Don’t worry. Come sit down.” Full of gratitude (感激), Jiafen took a seat. Soon, a bowl of noodles was served, along with a few simple dishes. As she took her first bite, the warmth of the food touched her. Tears began to run down. “Miss, are you all right?” the owner asked. “I’m just ...” Jiafen said. “We don’t know each other, yet you were kind enough to cook for me. But earlier today, I fought with Mom. She told me not to come back. You showed me more kindness.” The owner then said, “Miss, I only made you one bowl of noodles, and you feel so thankful. Your mother has cooked for you and cared for you for more than ten years. How could you not feel even more thankful to her?” Jiafen was shocked. A single bowl of noodles from a stranger had moved her to tears—but what about the countless meals her mother had made? She finished eating and took a deep breath. It was time to go home and say the words she had long taken for granted (理所当然): Mom, I’m sorry. I was wrong. As she neared her house, she saw her mother outside, scanning the street anxiously. Her face was drawn with worry, but when she saw Jiafen, it lit up. “Fen, hurry home!” she called out. “I’ve already cooked dinner. If you don’t eat soon, it’ll get cold.” Suddenly, tears filled Jiafen’s eyes again—not from hunger or shame, but from love. 1．How does the writer start the story? A．By showing Jiafen’s daily life. B．By describing a fighting scene. C．By comparing Jiafen and her mom’s characters. D．By presenting Jiafen and her mom’s way of getting along. 2．What does the underlined word “hesitated” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Jumped excitedly. B．Stopped uncertainly. C．Smiled warmly. D．Left quickly. 3．What did Jiafen learn from the noodle stall owner? A．There is no free lunch in the world. B．Food always tastes better when it’s free. C．A mother’s daily love is worth greater gratitude. D．Strangers are easier to get along with than family. 4．Which could best show the change of Jiafen’s feelings? A．Angry → helpless → hungry → excited → peaceful. B．Excited → bored → thankful → excited → surprised. C．Angry → thankful → surprised → regretful → loved. D．Excited → hungry → thankful → regretful → shocked. 5．What’s the best title for this story? A．Mom, Please Love Me Again B．Strangers’ Kindness Matters a Lot C．Mother-Daughter Fights Happen D．A Bowl of Noodles, a Lesson in Gratitude ( 1 / 2 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026年中考英语一轮系统化复习讲练（浙江专用） 专题20 阅读理解之词句猜测题 目录清单 第一部分 中考考题再现回顾题型 锚点方向 第二部分 核心知识清单锁定基础 高效学习 第三部分 核心策略解析方法精析 策略巩固 第四部分 要点强化训练深度强化 扫清盲区 ◇Part 01 中考考题再现 （2024·浙江·中考真题）If you are looking for somewhere special to visit in London, we may have the answer for you: Sir John Soane’s Museum. The museum is one of London’s best-kept secrets, and it’s well worth a visit. Sir John, a great architect (建筑师), lived in London during the 18th century (1753—1837), and the amazing thing is that his house is exactly the same as he left it. In fact, visiting the house is just like stepping back in time. There are three floors which are open to the public. You can start on the first floor. This was Sir John’s work area. You can ask the guards about the paintings on the walls as they tell you something about this family and life. And don’t worry about the guards as they are really nice and helpful. Next, you can go downstairs to the ground floor. Here you can see his rich collection of paintings. For example, there is a series (系列) of interesting paintings about 18th century life in London. Now comes the last part, the underground floor. It’s full of thousands of valuable objects, such as sculptures (雕塑) and models of famous buildings from all over the world. Walking around this part of the house is a bit like being on a treasure hunt, as you can find things hidden away in secret corners. Anyway, you’ll have to go there yourself to see. Sir John Soane’s Museum is a very small place. It’s only about ten minutes’ walk from the British Museum. There is a free hour-long guided tour every Saturday at 2:30 pm, but the best thing is just to walk about by yourself. So now you know where to go next time you’re in London. We guarantee that it’s an experience you won’t forget! 1．Why is Sir John Soane’s Museum special according to Paragraph 1? A．It is the oldest museum in London. B．There is a time machine in it. C．It is kept the same as Sir John left it. D．There are lots of secret boxes in it. 2．In which order does the writer advise people to visit the museum? ①the underground floor ②the ground floor ③the first floor A．①②③ B．②①③ C．①③② D．③②① 3．What can be seen on the ground floor of the museum? A．A series of interesting paintings. B．Pictures of Sir John and his family. C．A valuable collection of sculptures. D．Models of famous buildings in the world. 4．What does the underlined word “guarantee” in the last paragraph probably mean? A．hear B．decide C．promise D．remember 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．C 【分析】本文主要介绍了约翰·索恩爵士博物馆。 1．细节理解题。根据“and the amazing thing is that his house is exactly the same as he left it”可知令人惊奇的是，他的房子和他离开时一模一样。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“You can start on the first floor...Next, you can go downstairs to the ground floor...Now comes the last part, the underground floor.”可知先参观二楼，然后下楼到一楼，最后到地下楼层。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Here you can see his rich collection of paintings. For example, there is a series (系列) of interesting paintings about 18th century life in London”可知在这里你可以看到他丰富的绘画收藏，例如，有一系列关于18世纪伦敦生活的有趣画作。故选A。 4．词义猜测题。根据“We guarantee that it’s an experience you won’t forget!”可知是保证这是一次你不会忘记的经历，故此处划线部分和promise意义相近。故选C。。 ◇Part 02 核心知识清单 词句猜测题作为中考英语阅读理解的高频题型，在整套试卷中占比约 10%-15%，属于区分度较高的能力考查题。该题型主要聚焦四大核心考点：生词释义、熟词生义、短语含义及代词指代。其中，生词释义常涉及学术类、科普类文本中的专业词汇，如科技类文章中的 “artificial intelligence（人工智能）”；熟词生义则着重考查词汇在特定语境下的非常规用法，例如 “bank” 除常见的 “银行” 义项外，在 “the river bank” 中表示 “河岸”；短语含义涵盖固定搭配、习语及复合结构的语义推断；代词指代题要求考生精准定位上下文，分析 “it”“they”“this” 等代词的具体所指。 该题型核心检验考生三大能力：语篇语境分析能力（通过前后句构建语义场）、逻辑关系推导能力（利用因果、转折、并列等逻辑词辅助判断），以及语言知识迁移能力（运用词根词缀、词性变化等知识破解语义）。设问形式较为固定，常见 “What does the word ‘...’ mean in Paragraph...?”“The underlined phrase ‘...’ probably means...” 及 “What does ‘it’/‘this’ refer to?” 等句式，要求考生突破字面限制，实现深层语义解码。 一、题型类型 （一）生词释义题 生词释义题是中考英语阅读理解中常见的题型，主要考查学生通过上下文线索推断超出考纲词汇含义的能力。此类题目往往会在科普说明文、社会现象类文章中出现，这些陌生词汇通常涉及自然现象、专业术语或新兴概念。 1.同义关系线索 But sometimes, no rain falls for a long, long time. Then there is a dry period, or drought. 【分析】句中 “or” 作为典型的同义关系标志词，明确提示 “drought” 与 “dry period” 为同义关系。结合前文 “长期无雨” 的语境，可推断 “drought” 意为 “旱灾”。此外，英语中常见的同义关系信号词还有 “that is”“in other words”“namely” 等，这些词前后的内容往往会对生词进行解释。 2.反义关系线索 Most of us agreed; however, Bill dissented. 【分析】“however” 表明前后句存在转折关系，“agreed” 表示 “同意”，由此可推断 “dissented” 意为 “不同意”。类似 “but”“while”“on the contrary” 等转折词，常用来构建反义语境，帮助考生通过已知词汇的含义反向推导生词意思。 3.举例说明线索 Select any of these periodicals: Time, Newsweek, Reader’s Digest or The New Yorker. 【分析】冒号后的 “Time”（《时代周刊》）、“Newsweek”（《新闻周刊》）等具体刊物名称，作为 “periodicals” 的举例，由此可推断 “periodicals” 指 “期刊；杂志”。“such as”“like”“for example” 等举例信号词，能通过具体实例揭示生词的类别和属性。 4.因果关系线索 The river is so turbid that it is impossible to see the bottom even when it is shallow. 【分析】“so...that...” 引导的结果状语从句表明因果逻辑，“无法看见河底” 的结果，可反向推出 “turbid” 描述河水 “浑浊的” 状态。常见的 “because”“therefore”“result in” 等因果连接词，能通过逻辑链条辅助词义推导。 （二）熟词生义题 考查常见词汇在特定语境中的特殊含义，需规避 “望文生义” 陷阱。这类题目不仅要求考生掌握词汇的基本释义，更考验其对上下文逻辑的精准把握能力。命题者常选取高频基础词汇，通过搭配、场景或情感色彩的变化赋予新义，极易造成理解偏差。例如： Jim said, “I had a bad toothache... I left it at the dentist’s.”（记叙文） The new policy left the small businesses in a tough spot.（议论文） Her words left me feeling confused.（散文） 【分析】 在记叙文语境中，“left” 作为基础动词，常见义为 “离开”。但结合 “牙痛看牙医” 的场景，此处实为 “遗留” 之意，暗示坏牙已被拔除并留在诊所； 议论文示例里，“left” 延伸为 “使处于（某种状态）”，说明新政策导致小企业陷入困境，需从政策影响的逻辑关系判断； 散文片段中，“left” 表示 “使某人产生（某种感觉）”，通过人物情感变化揭示言语带来的心理效应。此类题目需突破词汇表层含义，结合文体特征、情感基调及逻辑链条，精准推导深层语义。 （三）短语猜测题 短语猜测题常聚焦于固定搭配或语境化短语，解题时需依赖逻辑关系推导，同时结合生活常识和上下文线索。这类题目不仅考查考生对词汇的掌握，更注重其在具体语境中理解和运用语言的能力。例如： The dentist looked him over and pulled out his bad tooth at last. 【分析】在该句中，“pull out” 后接 “bad tooth”，明确表明动作对象为牙齿。结合前文 “The dentist looked him over”（牙医为他做了检查），可知主人公正在接受牙科治疗。再依据下文 “left it at the dentist’s”（将它留在了牙医处），进一步确认 “it” 指代牙齿，由此可推断 “pull out” 意为 “拔掉”。此外，从生活常识角度，牙医对坏牙常见的处理方式也是拔除，这也辅助验证了推测的准确性。同时，该句通过 “and” 连接 “looked him over” 和 “pulled out”，形成了动作的先后逻辑关系，也为猜测词义提供了线索。 （四）代词指代题 代词指代题在中考英语阅读理解中常以 it、they、this、that 等代词为考查对象，其核心解题关键在于通过分析上下文的逻辑关系，精准定位代词所指代的对象，这一过程往往需要追溯前文出现的核心名词、名词短语或句子。在解题时，可先在代词附近寻找合适的指代对象，再将该对象代入原句进行语义验证，确保句子逻辑通顺、语义合理。例如： E- books are convenient because they can be stored in a single device. 【分析】在该句中，“they” 作为复数形式的代词，其指代对象需从前文寻找。通过分析可知，前文出现的复数名词 “e-books” 符合逻辑。将 “e-books” 代入原句替换 “they” 后，句子变为 “E-books are convenient because e-books can be stored in a single device.” ，语义连贯合理，由此确定 “they” 指代 “e-books” 。这种指代方式不仅符合 “用单一设备存储电子书” 的逻辑，也体现了英语语言中避免重复、追求简洁的表达习惯 。在实际考试中，若遇到类似题型，考生应仔细研读代词前后的文本，梳理句子间的指代关系，避免因误判指代对象而导致失分。 二、基于语体与文体的特征分析 （一）语体维度特征 1.正式语体（说明文、议论文） 命题特征：多通过定义解释、举例说明或构词法设置线索，语言严谨，信号词明确。此类语体常用于学术交流与知识传播，作者倾向于使用清晰的逻辑结构和规范的语言表达，帮助读者准确理解信息。因此，在词句猜测题中，会通过直接定义、举例等方式，为考生提供明确的线索。 典型信号词：that is、in other words、such as、破折号及定语从句。这些信号词如同路标，指引考生找到关键信息，进而推测词义。 【示例分析】 3D VR Glasses: This is a new arrival 3DVR Shinecon Helmet virtual (虚拟的) reality glasses. [分析]括号中 “虚拟的” 直接定义 “virtual”，结合正式语体的解释性特征，可快速推断词义。在中考真题中，曾出现过类似题目：“The term ‘ecosystem’ refers to all the living and non-living things in a particular area and how they interact with each other.” 这里 “refers to” 作为信号词，后面的内容就是对 “ecosystem” 的定义，考生据此能轻松得出其意为 “生态系统”。 2.非正式语体（生活化记叙文、书信） 命题特征：依赖语境逻辑、情感线索及生活常识，信号词较隐蔽，多含口语化表达。非正式语体贴近日常生活，其语言表达更自然随意，词句含义往往需要结合具体语境和生活经验来理解。因此，在设置词句猜测题时，会着重考查考生对语境和常识的把握能力。 【示例分析】 A woman bought a parrot from a pet store. “This bird doesn’t talk,” she told the owner. [分析]非正式语境中未直接定义 “parrot”，但 “from a pet store”“bird” 及 “会说话” 的隐含属性，结合常识可推断为 “鹦鹉”。再如，在书信类文本 “I was so excited when I received the parcel. I couldn’t wait to open it and see what was inside.” 中，对于 “parcel” 的理解，考生可根据 “received”（收到）和 “open”（打开）等动作，以及生活中收到包裹的常识，推测出其意为 “包裹”。 （二）文体维度特征 1.记叙文（故事、人物传记） 核心特征：以情节发展和情感变化为线索，多通过因果关系或上下文场景推断词义。记叙文注重故事的叙述，在情节推进过程中，人物的情感和行为相互关联，词句的含义也在具体场景中得以体现。 【示例分析】 They worked very hard and didn’t stop to rest until 5:30 p.m. Although they felt a little tired, they were very happy. 设问：What does “tired” probably mean? [分析]结合 “长时间工作到傍晚” 的情节，“tired” 与 “happy” 形成转折，可推断为 “疲惫的”。在一篇关于登山的记叙文里，“After climbing for hours, they were exhausted. Their legs felt like lead, and they could barely take another step.” 这里 “climbing for hours”（长时间攀登）的情节，以及 “legs felt like lead”（腿像灌了铅一样）的形象描述，都能帮助考生推测出 “exhausted” 表示 “极其疲惫的”。 2.说明文（科普、介绍） 核心特征：以解释说明为目的，高频使用定义、举例、对比等线索，构词法辅助性强。说明文旨在向读者传递知识，为了让读者清晰理解复杂概念，作者会采用多种说明方法，这些方法也成为词句猜测题的重要线索。 【示例分析】 People use “biodegradable” materials to make bags—these materials can break down naturally in the environment. [分析]破折号后的解释 “可自然分解的材料” 直接定义 “biodegradable”，符合说明文的定义性特征。在科普类说明文中，“The phenomenon of ‘photosynthesis’—the process by which plants use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and glucose—is essential for life on Earth.” 破折号后的内容详细解释了 “photosynthesis”（光合作用）的过程，帮助考生理解词义。此外，还可利用构词法辅助理解，如 “microorganism”，“micro -” 表示 “微小的”，“organism” 意为 “生物体”，组合起来就是 “微生物”。 3.议论文（观点表达） 核心特征：以逻辑论证为核心，多通过转折、因果关系或同义替换提供线索。议论文通过阐述观点、论证观点来表达作者的立场，逻辑关系在其中起着关键作用，这些逻辑关系也为词句猜测提供了重要依据。 【示例分析】 Some people think online study is flexible, but others consider it inflexible because of network problems. [分析]“but” 表转折，“inflexible” 与 “flexible”（灵活的）形成反义，可推断为 “不灵活的”。在另一篇关于城市发展的议论文中，“Some advocate for the expansion of public transportation, believing it can alleviate traffic congestion. However, others oppose this idea, arguing that it requires too much investment.” 这里 “However” 表示转折，通过 “advocate for”（支持）和 “oppose”（反对）的反义关系，考生可推测出 “oppose” 的含义。同时，还可通过同义替换来猜测词义，如 “The new policy aims to boost the local economy. It is expected to promote economic growth in the region.” 中 “boost” 和 “promote” 为同义替换，都表示 “促进”。 4.应用文（广告、通知） 核心特征：以实用信息传递为目的，多结合场景词汇及同义转换，线索简洁直接。应用文具有很强的实用性，其语言简洁明了，重点突出，在词句猜测题中，会通过直接解释或常见的场景词汇帮助考生理解词义。 【示例分析】 The library will close for renovation next week—all books must be returned before Monday. (Renovation: making repairs and improvements) [分析]括号中直接给出 “renovation” 的解释，符合应用文 “信息明确” 的特征。在广告类应用文中，“Our store is having a big sale! All items are discounted up to 50%. Don’t miss this chance to get great bargains!” 这里 “discounted” 结合 “big sale”（大减价）和 “up to 50%”（高达 50%），以及 “bargains”（便宜货）等场景词汇，考生可推测出其意为 “打折”。此外，还会出现同义转换的情况，如 “We are seeking volunteers for the event. We need individuals who are willing to offer their help.” 中 “seeking” 和 “need” 意思相近，都表示 “寻找、需要”。 ◇Part 03 核心考点解析 （一）通用核心策略 语境线索法：定位生词前后的解释性语句、举例或因果信号词是解题的关键。解释性语句常通过 "means/that is/in other words" 等短语引导，同位语结构则直接对目标词进行补充说明；举例信号词 "such as/for example" 会提供具象化实例；因果关系词 "because/so/therefore" 能揭示逻辑关联。例如在 "Tom is diligent, but his brother is lazy" 中，转折连词 "but" 形成语义对比，通过已知词 "lazy" 反向推导，可精准锁定 "diligent" 意为 "勤奋的"。此外，在长难句中，还需关注分号、冒号等标点符号分隔的并列或解释关系，如 "She has a voracious appetite; she can finish a whole pizza in one sitting"，通过后半句的具体行为描述，可推断 "voracious" 表示 "贪吃的、狼吞虎咽的"。 构词法辅助：掌握常见前缀、后缀和词根是破解生词的密码。前缀 "un-"（否定）、"re-"（重复）、"dis-"（否定 / 分离）等能改变基础词含义；后缀 "-ful"（形容词属性）、"-ment"（抽象名词）、"-tion"（动作或状态）可明确词性。例如，将 "dishonest" 拆解为 "dis-（否定）+honest（诚实的）"，即可得出 "不诚实的" 释义。对于复合词，如 "waterproof" 由 "water（水）+proof（防... 的）" 构成，意为 "防水的"。同时，一些词根具有特定语义场，如 "bio-"（生命）、"astro-"（宇宙），在 "biography"（传记）和 "astronaut"（宇航员）中可辅助理解词义。 代入验证法：将推测词义代入原文时，需从语法和逻辑双维度进行验证。语法层面，检查词性是否匹配（如形容词修饰名词、副词修饰动词），时态是否一致；逻辑层面，需确保语义连贯、符合上下文语境。例如，在 "The new policy aims to curb excessive spending" 中，若推测 "curb" 为 "控制、抑制"，代入后句子逻辑通顺；若误判为 "鼓励"，则与 "excessive（过度的）" 形成矛盾，可据此排除错误选项。此外，还需关注指代关系的一致性，确保代词与被指代对象在单复数、性别上保持一致。 （二）语体与文体适配策略 正式语体（说明文 / 议论文）：此类文体常采用严谨的学术表达，破折号、括号、定语从句等解释性符号是解题突破口。定义法表现为 "A is defined as B" 或 "A, which means B" 等句式结构，如 "Hydroponics - the practice of growing plants without soil - has become increasingly popular"，破折号间的内容直接解释了 "hydroponics"（水培）的含义。结合构词法，拆分 "thermometer"（thermo - 热 + meter - 测量工具），可推断其为 "温度计"。此外，议论文中常出现的类比、对比论证也能辅助词义理解，如通过 "The economy is like a well - oiled machine" 理解抽象概念。 非正式语体（记叙文）：记叙文注重情节推进和情感表达，解题需紧密结合故事背景与生活常识。例如，在 "As soon as she entered the pet store, Lily's eyes lit up at the sight of a colorful parrot" 中，结合 "pet store（宠物店）" 的场景和 "bird（鸟类）" 的范畴，以及常见宠物鸟知识，可推断 "parrot" 为 "鹦鹉"。对于人物对话中的俚语或习语，如 "He's feeling under the weather today"，需联系上下文人物状态（如请假休息），结合 "天气不好引申为身体不适" 的生活逻辑，理解其意为 "身体不舒服"。同时，注意人物情感色彩对词义的影响，褒贬语境会直接影响词汇选择。 应用文：包括广告、通知、说明书等实用文体，特点是信息高度结构化。解题时应重点关注括号、注释、加粗 / 下划线等视觉提示，这些元素往往直接标注关键信息。例如在旅游广告中 "All - inclusive package（includes flights, accommodation, and meals）"，括号内内容直接解释了 "all - inclusive" 的涵盖范围。对于图表类应用文，需结合图例和说明文字，如地图中的图标注释、柱状图的单位说明等，快速定位并理解专业术语。此外，应用文常使用缩写词（如 "Ltd." 代表 "Limited"），需熟悉常见缩写规则。 （三）词义猜测失误规避策略 规避 “望文生义”：英语中存在大量短语动词和固定搭配，其整体含义往往无法通过单个词汇简单叠加得出。例如 "pull out" 在 "The dentist pulled out the decayed tooth" 中，结合 "牙医 + 坏牙" 的医疗场景，应理解为 "拔掉"，而非字面的 "拉出"。再如 "take off" 除基本义 "脱下" 外，在 "The plane took off on time" 中表示 "起飞"，在 "Her career took off after the award" 中意为 "迅速发展"，需结合具体语境动态判断。 区分代词指代对象：代词（it/they/this/that）的准确识别是理解文意的关键。遵循 “就近原则”，优先指代前文最近的核心名词，但需结合逻辑关系验证。例如在 "John gave Tom a book, but he didn't like it" 中，"he" 就近指代 "Tom"，"it" 指代 "book"；若出现多个同类型名词，需根据上下文语义确定，如 "The cat chased the dog, but it was too fast"，此处 "it" 指代速度更快的 "dog"。此外，指示代词 "this/that" 常指代前文整段论述或事件，需从宏观层面把握。 警惕熟词陷阱：部分词汇在不同语境下会产生语义偏移或引申义。例如 "left" 在 "She left her keys at the office" 中表示 "遗留"，而非常见的 "离开"；"bear" 除 "熊" 之外，在 "I can't bear the noise" 中意为 "忍受"。对于一词多性的情况，如 "book" 作名词是 "书"，作动词则为 "预订"，需根据语法功能（如是否接宾语）判断词性，进而确定词义。平时学习中应建立多义词词库，积累高频词汇的特殊用法。 ◇Part 04 要点强化训练 提｜升｜练｜习 1 In the livestreaming channel (直播频道) of Yang Weiyun, no singing or dancing is performed, nor are products sold. Yang teaches pinyin, reading, and writing, something that has been most familiar to her for the past 50 years. The difference is that her students are mostly adults. The 73-year-old comes from Huainan city of Anhui province and is an experienced educator. She had been a Chinese teacher in a primary school for 30 years and a kindergarten (幼儿园) head for another 20 years. In retirement (退休), Yang wanted to do something meaningful. The rise of short video platforms gave her the idea of continuing her education endeavors (努力) through livestreaming online. Yang opened her livestreaming account in May 2021 and offered free pinyin courses designed for kindergarten pupils about to attend primary schools. However, she gradually learnt that among her viewers there are a lot of illiterate adults. She found that many of them are afraid to go to new places and worried that they couldn’t teach their children or read their boss’s instructions. So, she decided to add some courses to meet their needs. Zhang Mei is among the students who benefit from Yang’s livestreaming lessons. She was born and raised in the countryside and had never been to school. She watches Yang’s livestream whenever there is spare time. Now she can read Chinese characters if they are marked with pinyin and knows how to write her name. She also found a job. Yang said students learning through her livestreaming channel each have their own needs. So she always prepares her classes carefully after finishing a livestreaming lesson. She tries her best to find out what ways the students can learn and remember better, and her biggest wish now is to see these students graduate from her classes. 1．What can we know about Yang’s livestreaming? A．She tells people how to teach kids. B．She teaches people to sing and dance. C．She teaches people to read and write. D. She lets people know who she is. 2．What does the underlined phrase “illiterate adults” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．People who want to learn. B．People who don’t know how to read or write. C．People who are famous. D. People who have lot of money 3．Which of the following words can best describe Yang Weiyun? A．Hardworking and talented. B．Helpful and considerate (体贴的). C．Independent and grateful (感激的). D. Anxious and doubtful 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．A clever woman. B．An interesting livestream. C．A great woman. D. An unforgettable woman. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．C 【解析】本文讲述了73岁的杨维云退休后，利用短视频平台直播教成年人拼音、阅读和写作的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“Yang teaches pinyin, reading, and writing ... The difference is that her students are mostly adults.”可知，杨维云的直播教人们读写。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据“She found that many of them are afraid to go to new places and worried that they couldn’t teach their children or read their boss’s instructions.”可知，此句表示她发现很多人害怕去新的地方是因为担心自己无法教育孩子或读不懂老板的指示。可推测illiterate adults指的是不识字、不会读写的成年人。故选B。 3．细节理解题。通读原文可知，杨维云免费教成年人知识，还根据学生需求调整课程，精心备课，体现出她乐于助人且体贴。故选B。 4．最佳标题题。通读原文可知，文章主要赞扬了杨维云退休后仍发挥余热，帮助不识字成年人学习的伟大事迹，C选项“一位伟大的女性”最能概括文章主旨。故选C。 2 We learn a lot about animals’ behavior (行为) from the animals living in the zoo. However, to learn more about wild animals, scientists sometimes need to put monitors on wild animals so that they can know where they go and what they eat. How do scientists put the monitors on wild animals? Sometimes the animals are sick and need to be cared for in a wildlife hospital. Scientists put monitors on the sick animals before they leave. Sometimes scientists go into the field, catch some animals, put monitors on them and then let them go. By following animals’ steps, scientists can get a good feel for how far and when the animals travel, and it can help us understand them better. Fishermen say that fishing before a strong storm is usually a good choice because fish really like eating. They believe fish eat as much as possible before the storm comes to the water. Scientists also find fish’s voice is louder during the storm and for three days after the storm. Bird scientists have found that some birds don’t move to other places until the strong storm has passed. They believe that the birds can notice the changes in air pressure (气压). The scientists have also found seabirds fly hundreds of miles from the area where they usually live before the strong storm comes. Butterflies hide in tree holes or under rocks a few hours before the strong storm comes. Rabbits and other small animals usually stay underground before the strong storm comes. 1．The underlined word “monitors” here means ________ in Chinese. A．监视器 B．计步器 C．计算器 D．助听器 2．When can fishermen get more fish? A．At noon. B．At night. C．After a strong storm. D．Before a strong storm. 3．What do seabirds do to stay alive during the strong storm? A．They fly far away. B．They hide in the trees. C．They build strong nests. D．They hide under the water. 4．What do the last four paragraphs mainly tell us? A．What animals eat during the storm. B．What scientists do to protect animals. C．How animals stay alive during the storm. D．How scientists work with the help of animals. 5．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Scientists only study animals in the zoo. B．Fish stay quiet during the strong storm. C．Butterflies fly away to stay alive during the strong storm. D．Rabbits hide underground to stay alive during the strong storm. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．D 【解析】本文通过具体例子说明科学家如何研究野生动物，并揭示了不同动物在自然灾害中的生存策略。 1．词句猜测题。根据“so that they can know where they go and what they eat.”可知，能够知道动物去哪吃和吃什么，说明科学家们在动物身上安装了监视器。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Fishermen say that fishing before a strong storm is usually a good choice because fish really like eating.”可知，风暴前鱼会大量进食，因此，渔民可以捕捉到更多的鱼。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“The scientists have also found seabirds fly hundreds of miles from the area where they usually live before the strong storm comes.”可知，海鸟为了躲避暴风雨，它们会从居住地飞到几百英里远的地方。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。通读最后四段可知，这几段主要描写了动物在暴风雨来临时的生存方法。故选C。 5．细节理解题。根据“Rabbits and other small animals usually stay underground before the strong storm comes.”可知，兔子和其他小动物为了躲避暴风雨，通常会躲藏在地下。故选D。 3 It was the middle of winter about 30 years ago. I was a young father with three little children depending on me. I worked in a sawmill (锯木厂). As I got ready to go to work, I wrapped bandages (创可贴) around my fingers and put more in my pockets. Cutting and stacking (堆放) wood for eight hours a day had caused my fingers to split (裂开) and blood could be seen at their tips in the cold, dry winter air. That day at work was harder than normal. We were short-handed on workers. So we had to do more work than usual. Besides, the machines kept breaking down, so we had to rush to repair them again and again. On top of that, all the heaters in the building had stopped working and we could see our breath as we spent hours working there! When the work day finally ended, I walked tiredly toward the washroom, took off my work gloves, and checked my aching fingers. The splits were worse than ever and blood came through the bandages again I felt so tired. I wondered how long I could keep doing this, if things would ever get any better, and why life was so hard. After driving home, I tried to put a smile on my face as I opened the front door but instead, one appeared surprisingly, smiling at me and yelling “Daddy!” and put her little arms around my neck. I lifted my daughter up and my heart was filled with love. My tired body didn’t feel so tired anymore. My aches and pains disappeared into her hug. And the joy in my heart chased the sadness away. At that moment, I kissed my little girl’s face and held her tightly (紧紧地). I knew I could continue and things would get better. 1．How do you understand the underlined sentence? A．The workers didn’t have hands. B．The hands of the workers were small. C．The number of the workers was not enough. D．The length of the workers hand was not enough. 2．What’s the main purpose of the fourth paragraph? A．To tell us how hard-working the father was. B．To tell us how to deal with the problems in your work. C．To give some facts about the working conditions of the father. D．To show the father’s awful and tiring feelings towards the hard life. 3．What does the underlined word “one” refer to in the last paragraph? A．A smile. B．His daughter. C．The door. D．His heart. 4．In the story, the author wants to express that ________. A．it is better not to work for so long B．it is important for kids to study hard C．the father felt hopeless about his life D．family can give us warmth and support 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．D 【解析】本文是记叙文，讲述父亲工作艰辛，因女儿的爱重获希望，体现家庭的温暖支持。 1．词句猜测题。根据文中We were short-handed on workers. So we had to do more work than usual.”意思是工人数量不够，因此我们不得不比平时做更多的工作。故选C。 2．主旨大意题。根据文中“I wondered how long I could keep doing this, if things would ever get any better, and why life was so hard.”可知，第四段描述了父亲工作结束后非常疲惫，手指的裂口更严重，还对生活的艰难感到迷茫，主要是为了展现父亲面对艰苦生活时糟糕且疲惫的感受。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据后文“I lifted my daughter up...”可知，这里的“one”指的是他的女儿，女儿笑着喊“爸爸”并拥抱他。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。故事中父亲工作很辛苦，心情低落，但回到家后，女儿的拥抱和爱让他重新充满希望，说明家庭能给我们温暖和支持。故选D。 4 Now, primary students learn cooking at school. It has been discussed by teachers and parents. Some think that it is a useful skill for students, while others think it’s a waste of time, and some even think it’s just a show. But do they really understand cooking? It’s been said that good cooking is an art form. The truth is that it’s much more than that. When talking about different foods from all around the world, or cultures and histories of dishes, students are connected to the world and learning history and culture in a new field. When learning cooking, students measure (称量) materials from time to time, or find oil and water don’t usually mix. Students are also learning math and science in practice. The importance of failures in making food is as much as successes. Liu Yu, 11, was crazy about the yummy cakes made by her father and wanted to make one on her own. But when taking her cake out, she was disappointed to find that the cake was hard and black at the bottom. Her father told her that when he was 13, he tried to make cakes, but wasted boxes of eggs. Then, together with her father, Liu Yu found out what had gone wrong and succeeded in making one for the first time. Liu Yu learned from the failure of cooking, and could be braver to face failures. Apart from the practical skills, cooking builds character. It encourages kids to work with others. It also encourages them to be open to foods they might not have tried. Though being good for our health, carrots were hated by 12-year-old Xiao Kun. But he started to love them after he made a salad with them. By cooking, students put down their phones and work together with family members in the kitchen. By cooking, students form the habit of doing labor work. As a part of labor education, cooking is a way to teach kids necessary skills in the 21st century, such as creativity, teamwork and so on. If these skills aren’t taught to today’s students, they might hardly survive (生存) in the future. 1．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A．Teachers. B．Parents. C．Students. D．Teachers and parents. 2．Paragraph 2 mainly focuses on ________. A．the meaning of learning cooking B．a new field in cultures and histories C．connecting the students to the world in practice D．cooking different foods from all around the world 3．How old was Liu Yu when she first made her own cake? A．11. B．12. C．13. D．21. 4．Why does the writer mention the change of Xiao Kun? A．To show us carrots are good for our health. B．To encourage kids to work with others. C．To teach us how to make a salad with carrots. D．To educate kids to be open to different foods. 5．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Parents all think learning cooking is a waste of time. B．In fact, learning cooking is also learning math and science. C．Liu Yu wasted boxes of eggs when she made her own cake. D．Xiao Kun didn’t like carrots before he was 12 years old. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．A 4．D 5．B 【解析】本文主要讲述了现在小学生在学校学习烹饪的情况。 1．词义猜测题。根据“It has been discussed by teachers and parents. Some think that it is a useful skill for students, while others think it’s a waste of time, and some even think it’s just a show. But do they really understand cooking?”可知老师和家长们对此进行了讨论，他们有不同的看法，但他们真的了解烹饪吗，故此处they指代“老师和家长们”。故选D。 2．主旨大意题。根据“It’s been said that good cooking is an art form...”可知第二段主要讲述了学习烹饪不仅仅是一种艺术形式，还能让学生接触世界、学习历史文化，以及在实践中学习数学和科学，整体围绕学习烹饪的意义展开。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“Liu Yu, 11, was crazy about the yummy cakes made by her father and wanted to make one on her own. But when taking her cake out, she was disappointed to find that the cake was hard and black at the bottom.” 可知，刘宇11岁时第一次尝试自己做蛋糕。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“It also encourages them to be open to foods they might not have tried. Though being good for our health, carrots were hated by 12-year-old Xiao Kun. But he started to love them after he made a salad with them”可知作者提到小坤原本讨厌胡萝卜，通过亲手做沙拉后喜欢上了胡萝卜，目的是教育孩子们尝试并接受不同食物。故选D。 5．细节理解题。根据“Students are also learning math and science in practice.”可知，学习烹饪实际上也在学习数学和科学。故选B。 5 For many people, having a cup of coffee right out of bed is the best way to start a day. But a report from Asap Science says otherwise. It says the worst time for coffee is soon after we get up. When we wake up, our bodies start to make cortisol (皮质醇). Cortisol helps us to think clearly and be quick to understand and act. The cortisol levels rise after we wake up and climb to the highest in about an hour. So there are two problems when we drink coffee during this time: our bodies will make less cortisol, and the cortisol will make coffee less useful. And that’s why some of us drink more and more coffee. Then, when’s the best time to have coffee? When the cortisol levels are going down, the report says. Cortisol levels are usually highest between 8 a.m. and 9 a.m., between noon and 1 p.m., and between 5:30 p.m. and 6:30 p.m. So if you want to have coffee, enjoy it after these times, and this popular drink will help you the most. Three people read the news and wrote what they thought about it. What do you think? Mike: The best time to drink coffee is when you want to drink coffee. Sarah: I often wake up after I drink coffee. Charlie: If you need someone to tell you when to drink coffee, well, that’s just sad. 1．The underlined word “otherwise” in Paragraph 1 probably means the report ________. A．has different ideas B．has nothing to do with it C．is made up D．has the same idea 2．The picture shows how the cortisol levels rise and fall during a day. From the passage, which is a good time for coffee? A．A． B．B． C．C． D．D． 3．What did three people think of the news? A．They wanted to try what it said. B．They were sad about what it said. C．They disagreed with what it said. D．They took what it said seriously. 4．Which idea is talked about in the passage? A．How often we should drink coffee. B．What happens when we have too much coffee. C．How to help the body make the cortisol we need. D．What happens when we have coffee at the wrong time. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。通过科学研究报告指出早晨起床后立即喝咖啡并非最佳时间，并解释皮质醇变化规律与咖啡饮用时间的关联，最后引用三位读者对该结论的不同意见。 1．词句猜测题。根据“For many people, having a cup of coffee right out of bed is the best way to start a day.”和“It says the worst time for coffee is soon after we get up.”可知，前后两种观点不同。“otherwise”表示该报告有不同的观点。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Then, when’s the best time to have coffee? When the cortisol levels are going down, the report says.”可知，要在皮质醇水平下降时喝咖啡。图中只有D点处于皮质醇下降时。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“It says the worst time for coffee is soon after we get up.”、“The best time to drink coffee is when you want to drink coffee.”、“I often wake up after I drink coffee.”和“If you need someone to tell you when to drink coffee, well, that’s just sad.”可知，报告认为起床后喝咖啡不好，这三个人认为凭自己意愿决定什么时候喝咖啡，即这三个人不同意报告中说的。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“So there are two problems when we drink coffee during this time”可知，文章讨论了如果我们在错误的时间喝咖啡会发生什么。故选D。 6 Elephants are known for their high intelligence, empathy (同理心), and communication skills. A new study suggests they may have another amazing ability: They may give each other special “names”—an ability that no other non-human animals are known to have. The lead researcher Dr. Michael Pardo said, “We all know that dolphins and parrots try to copy each other’s sounds to communicate. But our findings suggest elephants don’t depend on imitation. They seem to use the way in which human names work.” The research team included Dr. Joyce Poole. Many times, she noticed an elephant calling out, with only one replying. The rest of the group would continue feeding, seeming not to hear the call. This led her to wonder if the elephants called each other by specific (特定的) names. For their study, the team chose over 600 recorded elephant calls, or “rumbles”. They all seemed to be directed to specific elephants. These calls were collected over almost 30 years from wild elephants. Elephants’ low-frequency sounds are hard for humans to understand. The researchers turned to machine learning tools to analyze (分析) them. The computer model correctly guessed the receiving elephant’s identity (身份) 28% of the time. While the number may seem low, the researchers say the elephants probably don’t use names all the time. To make sure of the findings, some of the rumbles were played back to 17 wild elephants through a speaker. Sure enough, the elephants only replied to calls meant for them. The study was in Nature Ecology and Evolution. Next, the researchers will go on to find out whether elephants also “name” other important things, like food, water, and locations. 1．What can we learn about elephants from Paragraph 1? A．They’re the smartest animals. B．They’re widely studied in different studies. C．They’re always noisy and make a lot of loud sounds. D．They’re probably the first non-human animals to use “names”. 2．What does the underlined word “imitation” in the text probably mean? A．Making sounds. B．Singing songs. C．Copying sounds. D．Making movements. 3．Which of the following may the researchers agree with? A．Elephants hardly use names to call when eating food. B．Only the elephant that was called can hear the sound. C．People have difficulties understanding elephants’ sounds. D．Elephants use names in a way that is totally different from humans. 4．How did the researchers prove their findings? A．By using machine learning tools. B．By collecting more sounds in the wild. C．By playing the sounds in different situations. D．By replaying the recorded sounds to some wild elephants. 5．What’s the purpose of the text? A．To compare elephants’ skills with other animals’. B．To show a new study about elephants’ amazing ability. C．To tell the readers how elephants communicate with each other. D．To explain why elephants are so intelligent and empathetic animals. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．C 4．D 5．B 【解析】本文介绍了一项关于大象交流能力的新研究，发现大象可能具备为同伴起特殊“名字”的能力。 1．细节理解题。根据“They may give each other special ‘names’—an ability that no other non-human animals are known to have.”可知，大象可能是已知首个使用名字的非人类动物，故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据“We all know that dolphins and parrots try to copy each other’s sounds to communicate.”可知，前句提到海豚和鹦鹉模仿声音交流，结合“But our findings suggest elephants don’t depend on imitation. They seem to use the way in which human names work.”可知，后句转折强调大象不依赖“imitation”，且“使用类似人类命名的方式”，说明imitation与“模仿声音”相关，选项C符合语境。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Elephants’ low-frequency sounds are hard for humans to understand.”可知，大象低频声音对人类难以理解。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“To make sure of the findings, some of the rumbles were played back to 17 wild elephants through a speaker. Sure enough, the elephants only replied to calls meant for them.”可知，研究人员通过向野生大象重播录制的声音来证明他们的发现。故选D。 5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，全文围绕“大象命名能力”的新发现展开，选项B准确概括文章大意。故选B。 7 During the breaks between classes, Zhang Shiyu from Yinchuan Hupan Middle School used to rush to the toilet and back with no time for anything else. But now, the 14-year-old enjoys a more relaxed schedule (日程安排). “I can rest and share interesting things with my classmates,” she said.   Starting this spring term, primary and middle schools in Yinchuan, Ningxia have extended class breaks from 10 to 15 minutes in order to improve students’ health and happiness. This new policy has brought about many positive changes. For students, the extended break offers more chances for different kinds of activities. Instead of just sitting at their desks, they can now stretch their bodies, play games like badminton or table-tennis on the playground. Some students choose to take a short walk in the school garden, breathing fresh air and relaxing their minds. This helps them relieve (减轻) stress and recharge (使恢复精力) for the next class. Teachers also benefit from this policy. They can have more time to prepare teaching materials or have a brief chat with students, strengthening the teacher-student relationship. Experts say longer breaks reduce stress and improve focus. Teachers also notice students returning to class more energetic and attentive. “The extra minutes make a big difference,” said Candy Wang, an English teacher in the school. “Children need time to refresh their minds.” 1．What was Zhang Shiyu’s main problem during short breaks? A．She couldn’t finish homework. B．She had no time for rest or socializing. C．She felt too tired to exercise. D．She missed his classmates. 2．What does the word “extended” (Paragraph 2) most likely mean? A．Made shorter. B．Repeated. C．Cancelled. D．Made longer. 3．Why did Yinchuan extend school break time? A．To reduce homework loads. B．To prepare for exams. C．To improve health and happiness. D．To lengthen school days. 4．What is the best title for this passage? A．Longer Breaks, Healthier Students B．New Rules for Teachers C．Homework Stress in Schools D．The Importance of Toilet Breaks 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了宁夏银川的学校将课间休息时间从10分钟延长到15分钟，这一政策对学生和教师的积极影响。 1．细节理解题。根据“Zhang Shiyu…used to rush to the toilet and back with no time for anything else…But now…enjoys a more relaxed schedule…‘I can rest and share interesting things with my classmates.’”可知，她过去的主要问题是没时间休息或社交。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据“from 10 to 15 minutes”可知，时间延长了，所以划线部分的含义是“延长”，与“made longer”意思相近。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Starting this spring term, primary and middle schools in Yinchuan, Ningxia have extended class breaks from 10 to 15 minutes in order to improve students’ health and happiness.”可知，银川延长课间时间的目的在于提升健康与幸福感。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，全文围绕课间休息时间延长带来的好处展开，如学生更放松、师生关系改善等，A选项为最佳标题。故选A。 8 Artwork is lovely to look at, and it has the power to make people feel and think differently. But do you know that when people see a real work of art, rather than just looking at a photo of it, they are likely to experience stronger feelings? Scientists recently carried out a study at the Mauritshuis museum, the home to Girl with a Pearl Earring (珍珠耳环), a very famous painting. ① The researchers watched how people reacted (反应) to several paintings. First, the volunteers were asked to look at the real paintings on show, and then at photos of the artworks in the museum shop. ② It was shown that their reactions were 10 times stronger when they looked at the real paintings. ③ How did that happen? Through study, people may experience something called the “sustained attentional cycle (持续注意力循环)”when they watch a certain painting. The volunteers’ attention was first drawn to the girl’s left eye, then to her mouth, and then to her pearl earring. This certain order of eye movements repeated in a cycle. Each time they completed the cycle, their focus became stronger and their connection with Girl with a Pearl Earring was deeper. ④ The director of the Mauritshuis, Martine Gosselink, said that the study shows how important it is to go and see art in real life, whether it’s paintings, photography or dancing. She added, “It really helps develop your brain.” The researchers now want to broaden their study, planning to visit other museums and do similar experiments on works like Mona Lisa by Leonardo da Vinci. 1．We can put the following sentence “The team also found that the group reacted even more strongly to Girl with a Pearl Earring.” in ______. A．① B．② C．③ D．④ 2．How does the writer introduce the “sustained attentional cycle”? A．By giving an example. B．By telling a story. C．By listing numbers. D．By offering advice. 3．Which one shows the relationship between the time people spend in watching the painting（x）and people’s focus（y）? A． B． C． D． 4．What does the underlined word “broaden” mean? A．Admire. B．Budget. C．Choose. D．Increase. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．The Power of Real Works of Art B．Lessons from Real Works of Art C．The Way to Enjoy Real Works of Art D．A Visit to Real Works of Art 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．A 4．D 5．A 【解析】本文围绕科学家在博物馆开展的研究展开，探讨人们观看真实艺术品时的感受，介绍“持续注意力循环”现象，强调亲临现场观看艺术作品对大脑发展的重要性，还提及研究团队计划拓展研究。 1．推理判断题。根据“The team also found that the group reacted even more strongly to Girl with a Pearl Earring.”可知，该句讲述团队发现人们对《戴珍珠耳环的少女》反应更强烈，第③段围绕人们观看该画作时的“持续注意力循环”及反应展开，放在此处可衔接“研究发现”内容。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Through study, people may experience something called the ‘sustained attentional cycle (持续注意力循环)’ when they watch a certain painting. The volunteers’ attention was first drawn to the girl’s left eye, then to her mouth, and then to her pearl earring...”可知，作者在介绍持续注意力循环时，以人们观看《戴珍珠耳环的少女》为例，是通过举例子。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“Each time they completed the cycle, their focus became stronger”可知，随着观看画作时间（x）增加，人们的注意力（y）会增强。故选A。 4．词句猜测题。根据“The researchers now want to broaden their study, planning to visit other museums and do similar experiments on works like Mona Lisa by Leonardo da Vinci.”可知，研究人员计划访问其他博物馆、对更多作品做实验，是要“扩大；拓展”研究，故选D。 5．最佳标题题。通读原文可知，文章主要讲真实艺术作品能让人们产生更强烈感受，强调其力量。A选项“真实艺术作品的力量”符合题意。故选A。 9 When visitors in the Palace Museum need to sit down for a cup of tea or find a bathroom without a long line, they will be able to turn to their smartphones for the information they need. Thanks to an agreement signed by the museum and Huawei, a “smart network” will be built by using 5G technology. Under the agreement, 5G Wi-Fi signals will cover the Palace Museum. “It’s important to use the latest technology to better serve the public,” said Shan Jixiang, former director of the Palace Museum. “There is still much room for improvement in dealing with cultural relics (文物). I remember that when Along the River During the Qingming Festival was exhibited (展览) in 2015, some visitors waited in the lines for nearly a whole day to have a look. I don’t want that scenario to happen again,” Shan said, “Our work can be done in a more scientific way.” In the new system, more than 1.86 million of cameras are set up all over the Palace Museum to safeguard the museum’s precious relics. “How can we make sure no single visitor who might have bad ideas threatens these treasures?” Shan said, “After using 5G technology, we can immediately notice movement about the relics to prevent such threats.” The 5G network will also be used to improve remote (远程的) meetings through webcams, in which scholars will discuss together to find the best answers for repair and store issues. 1．What does the underlined word “scenario” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Invitation. B．Situation. C．Education. D．Celebration. 2．What is the purpose of the writer listing the number of cameras in Paragraph 4? A．To show the Palace Museum enjoys great popularity all over the world. B．To show the Palace Museum is better than any other museums. C．To show the Palace Museum faces a big challenge of protecting relics. D．To show how many collections of cultural relics in the Palace Museum. 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．No one has the ideas of making the cultural relics broken. B．Scholars must attend face-to-face meetings to discuss repair and store issues. C．The waiting line will be much longer because of the smart network. D．5G technology helps keep an eye on cultural relics at anytime to prevent danger. 4．What is the main purpose of using 5G technology in the Palace Museum according to the article? A．To attract more tourists. B．To improve visitor services and protect cultural relics. C．To replace all traditional security methods. D．To reduce the number of cameras in the museum. 5．The best title for the passage can be “________”. A．A Connection Between Old and New B．A New Kind of Camera C．The Introduction of 5G Technology D．The Beauty of Chinese Cultural Relics 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．A 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了故宫博物院与华为签署协议，利用5G技术打造“智能网络”，以改善游客服务并加强对文物的保护。 1．词义猜测题。根据第三段中“I remember that when Along the River During the Qingming Festival was exhibited in 2015, some visitors waited in the lines for nearly a whole day to have a look. I don’t want that scenario to happen again”可知，单霁翔记得2015年《清明上河图》展出时，一些游客排了近一天的队只为看一眼，结合“I don’t want that...to happen again”可知，他不想让这种情况再次发生，由此可推断出scenario意为“情况”。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据第四段中“How can we make sure no single visitor who might have bad ideas threatens these treasures?”以及“After using 5G technology, we can immediately notice movement about the relics to prevent such threats”可知，故宫博物院面临着保护文物的巨大挑战，安装摄像头是为了确保没有心怀不轨的游客威胁这些宝藏，使用5G技术后，可以立即注意到文物的移动，以防止此类威胁。由此可推断出作者列举摄像头的数量是为了展示故宫博物院在保护文物方面面临着巨大的挑战。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中“After using 5G technology, we can immediately notice movement about the relics to prevent such threats”可知，使用5G技术后，可以立即注意到文物的移动，以防止此类威胁，即5G技术有助于随时监控文物以防止危险。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据第三段中“It’s important to use the latest technology to better serve the public”以及第四段中“How can we make sure no single visitor who might have bad ideas threatens these treasures?”可知，使用5G技术是为了更好地服务公众，并确保没有心怀不轨的游客威胁这些宝藏，由此可推断出在故宫博物院使用5G技术的主要目的是改善游客服务和保护文物。故选B。 5．最佳标题题。根据全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了故宫博物院与华为签署协议，利用5G技术打造“智能网络”，将古老的故宫博物院与现代科技相结合，既改善了游客服务，又加强了对文物的保护。选项A“新旧之间的联系”符合文章主旨，适合作为标题。故选A。 10 Lena Carter never thought she’d become a world-famous chef, let alone (更别提) an encouraging speaker. She looked like a gentle artist rather than a cook who had countless failed experiments. Lena grew up in a small town. Her family ran a fishing business. Her parents always encouraged her to create something. The kitchen was her true stage (舞台). Unfortunately, her tries at cooking were failures at first. Meals were often either overcooked or under-seasoned (寡淡无味的). Her family ate her dishes with smiles, but she saw the truth in their eyes. It hurt, but it also made her really want to improve. One evening, she made a quite bad dish even her dog wouldn’t touch it. But instead of giving up, Lena found herself laughing. For the first time, she understood that failure was a natural part of learning. It was her turning point. From that day, she promised herself never to be afraid of mistakes again and to keep moving forward. Lena with a strong will threw herself into cooking. She borrowed old cooking books from the library, watched cooking shows, and experimented every day. The kitchen became her lab, and every mistake was a lesson. Finally, she left home to study culinary arts in the city. Her parents worried she’d fail, but Lena took the challenges. “It’s not about avoiding mistakes. It’s about turning them into something beautiful,” she told them with a confident smile. Years later, Lena became a famous chef known for her creative dishes. She even opened her own restaurant, which attracted people from all over the world. But her journey didn’t end there. She started sharing her story of growth. “Cooking,” she said, “is like life. Sometimes if you keep your passion (激情) burning, you’ll create something amazing.” Now, Lena travels around the world, cooking, writing books, and encouraging others. Lena’s story teaches everyone that true success is not about never falling but about always rising stronger and wiser. 1．What was the truth in Lena’s family’s eyes? A．Lena’s dishes were not good. B．Lena’s dishes tasted great. C．They felt disappointed at Lena. D．They didn’t want Lena to be a chef. 2．What happened to Lena one evening in Paragraph 3? A．Lena was pleased with her dish. B．Lena realized the true meaning of failure. C．Lena was mad at her dog. D．Lena gave up cooking. 3．What does the underlined phrase “culinary arts” mean in Paragraph 4? A．Arts of communication. B．Arts of selling clothes. C．Arts of management. D．Arts of cooking food. 4．Which is the correct order according to the text? a. Lena became a well-known chef.                       b. Lena went to the city for further study. c. Lena’s tries at cooking were failures at first.     d. Lena travels around the world and encourages others. A．a-d-c-b B．a-c-d-b C．c-b-a-d D．c-d-b-a 5．What can we learn from Lena’s story? A．Family is the most important. B．Never laugh at others. C．Keep improving, and you’ll be better and better. D．Old habits die hard. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．C 【解析】本文讲了丽娜·卡特成为世界知名的厨师和励志演讲者的经历，丽娜对烹饪充满了热情，即使遇到了很多失败也不放弃自己的热爱，最后她从失败中吸取教训，获得成功。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Meals were often either overcooked or under-seasoned.”可知她的饭做得不是过熟就是寡淡，尽管家人面带微笑，那眼神透露的真相还是饭做得不好，选项A的“丽娜的饭菜做的不好”符合题意。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段的“For the first time, she understood that failure was a natural part of learning.”可知丽娜懂得了失败是学习过程中自然的一部分，选项B的“丽娜意识到失败的真正含义”符合题意。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据第四段的“Lena with a strong will threw herself into cooking.”可知丽娜一直热爱的是烹饪，后面她离开家去学校学习的“culinary arts”应该就是“烹饪”，选项D的“烹饪的艺术”符合题意。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据第二段的“Unfortunately, her tries at cooking were failures at first.”可知丽娜起初在烹饪的尝试经常失败，选项c的“丽娜起初烹饪的尝试总是失败”排第一；根据第四段的“Finally, she left home to study culinary arts in the city.”可知丽娜去到城市学烹饪，选项b的“丽娜去学校进一步学习”排第二；根据第五段的“Years later, Lena became a famous chef known for her creative dishes.”可知丽娜变成有名的厨师，选项a的“丽娜成为有名的厨师”排第三；根据最后一段的“Now, Lena travels around the world, cooking, writing books, and encouraging others.”可知丽娜世界各地旅行、烹饪、写书并鼓舞他人，选项d的“丽娜世界各地旅行，鼓舞他人”排第四。故选C。 5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知丽娜·卡特对烹饪充满了热情，即使遇到了很多失败也不放弃自己的热爱，最后她努力学习，从失败中吸取教训，成为世界知名的厨师和励志演讲者。选项C的“一直努力，你会变得越来越好”符合题意。故选C。 11 “You don’t understand me! I wish I had a different mother!” Jiafen shouted. Her mother replied, “I’m just trying to look out for you! Why can’t you listen?” Jiafen couldn’t stand it anymore. “I’m leaving!” she cried and rushed out. Walking through the streets, Jiafen’s strong feelings slowly gave way to a more basic need: food. She stopped near a small noodle stall (摊子), drawn by the nice smell of freshly cooked food. The stall owner noticed her. He called out with a big smile, “Miss, would you like some noodles?” Jiafen hesitated, her cheeks turned red with shame. “I... I forgot to bring money,” she said softly. He waved her over, “Don’t worry. Come sit down.” Full of gratitude (感激), Jiafen took a seat. Soon, a bowl of noodles was served, along with a few simple dishes. As she took her first bite, the warmth of the food touched her. Tears began to run down. “Miss, are you all right?” the owner asked. “I’m just ...” Jiafen said. “We don’t know each other, yet you were kind enough to cook for me. But earlier today, I fought with Mom. She told me not to come back. You showed me more kindness.” The owner then said, “Miss, I only made you one bowl of noodles, and you feel so thankful. Your mother has cooked for you and cared for you for more than ten years. How could you not feel even more thankful to her?” Jiafen was shocked. A single bowl of noodles from a stranger had moved her to tears—but what about the countless meals her mother had made? She finished eating and took a deep breath. It was time to go home and say the words she had long taken for granted (理所当然): Mom, I’m sorry. I was wrong. As she neared her house, she saw her mother outside, scanning the street anxiously. Her face was drawn with worry, but when she saw Jiafen, it lit up. “Fen, hurry home!” she called out. “I’ve already cooked dinner. If you don’t eat soon, it’ll get cold.” Suddenly, tears filled Jiafen’s eyes again—not from hunger or shame, but from love. 1．How does the writer start the story? A．By showing Jiafen’s daily life. B．By describing a fighting scene. C．By comparing Jiafen and her mom’s characters. D．By presenting Jiafen and her mom’s way of getting along. 2．What does the underlined word “hesitated” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Jumped excitedly. B．Stopped uncertainly. C．Smiled warmly. D．Left quickly. 3．What did Jiafen learn from the noodle stall owner? A．There is no free lunch in the world. B．Food always tastes better when it’s free. C．A mother’s daily love is worth greater gratitude. D．Strangers are easier to get along with than family. 4．Which could best show the change of Jiafen’s feelings? A．Angry → helpless → hungry → excited → peaceful. B．Excited → bored → thankful → excited → surprised. C．Angry → thankful → surprised → regretful → loved. D．Excited → hungry → thankful → regretful → shocked. 5．What’s the best title for this story? A．Mom, Please Love Me Again B．Strangers’ Kindness Matters a Lot C．Mother-Daughter Fights Happen D．A Bowl of Noodles, a Lesson in Gratitude 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．D 【解析】本文通过一碗面条的故事，让主人公Jiafen意识到了母亲日常付出的爱更值得感激，从而学会了感恩。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容可知，本文开头直接描述了一场母女之间的争吵场景，通过Jiafen的喊叫和母亲的回应来引入故事。因此，作者通过描述一个争吵场景来开始这个故事。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据“Jiafen hesitated, her cheeks turned red with shame. ‘I... I forgot to bring money,’ she said softly.”可知，Jiafen告诉面条摊老板她忘了带钱，她因为没带钱而感到尴尬和不确定是否应该坐下吃面，所以划线词意为“犹豫”，与“Stopped uncertainly”同义。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据Jiafen和面条摊老板的对话内容可知，面条摊老板通过对比他为Jiafen做的一碗面和Jiafen母亲多年来为她做的无数顿饭，让Jiafen意识到母亲的爱更值得感激。因此，Jiafen从面条摊老板那里学到的是“母亲日常的爱更值得感激”。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，与母亲争吵后冲出家门，她是生气的；根据“I only made you one bowl of noodles, and you feel so thankful.”可知，对于面条摊老板的免费面条，她是心怀感激的；根据“Jiafen was shocked.”可知，与面条摊老板交谈后意识到母亲的爱更值得感激，她是惊讶的；根据“It was time to go home and say the words she had long taken for granted (理所当然): Mom, I’m sorry. I was wrong.”可知，她意识到自己错了，因此后悔和妈妈吵架；根据最后一段可知，看到母亲担忧的脸庞和准备好的晚饭，她觉得自己是被妈妈爱着的。故选C。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文通过一碗面条的故事，让主人公Jiafen意识到了母亲日常付出的爱更值得感激，从而学会了感恩。因此，最能概括文章主旨的标题是D项“一碗面条，一堂感恩课”。故选D。 ( 1 / 2 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $