专题07 推理判断题：拼图高手，连接隐藏碎片（复习讲义）（湖南专用）2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测

该初中英语讲义聚焦中考阅读理解推理判断题，覆盖隐含信息、观点态度、写作意图、细节判断四大核心考点，构建“考情剖析-知识导图-考点突破-优题精选”的系统架构，通过考点梳理（题型特点、选项规律）、方法指导（解题步骤、原则）、真题训练（典例精析、迁移运用）帮助学生突破逻辑推理难点，体现复习教学的针对性。 亮点在于“四维解题模型”与核心素养融合，如观点态度题通过捕捉褒贬形容词、转折词等情感信号培养思维品质，写作意图题结合文体特征推断目的提升语言能力。设置分层练习（基础典例到综合优题），配合即时反馈机制，确保高效复习，助力学生提升应考能力，为教师把控复习节奏提供清晰指导。

专题07 阅读理解之推理判断题 目录 01·考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02·时空导航·网络构建 3 03·题型通关·靶向突破 3 考点一 题型破解 4 一、题型特点 4 二、设问方式 4 三、选项规律 4 考点二 解题要点 5 一、隐含信息题 5 二、观点态度题 7 三、写作意图题 9 四、细节判断题 12 04·优题精选·练能提分 14 题型 考查形式 2025年 2024年 2023年 阅读理解之推理判断题 ☑选择题 □非选择题 湖南省卷23… 长沙卷30… 湖南省卷26；31.. 长沙卷26；29.. 长沙卷：28；29；30… 地方卷考察1-2题推理判断题 考情分析 一、命题特点分析 1. 命题立意：强调价值引领与“学以致用”——试卷不仅仅是语言能力测试，更是育人工具。命题紧密围绕“人与自我、人与社会、人与自然”三大主题，并大量融入中华优秀传统文化、科技强国、生态保护等时代主题，旨在引导学生形成正确的价值观。最大的转变是推动从“解题”到“解决问题”的质变，例如通过计算家庭出行费用等真实任务考查实际应用能力。 2. 素材选择：体裁多样且高度情境化——选材体裁极为丰富，除传统记叙文、说明文外，还广泛使用通知、海报、书信、手账、诗歌等多模态文本。所有题目都设置在真实、新颖的情境中，贴近学生生活与社会现实，要求学生在近似现实的语言环境中理解与表达。 3. 文本格局：结构创新与信息整合——为考查综合能力，文本组织形式出现重大创新： 组合式文本：如将两篇逻辑衔接的叙事文本作为一篇完形填空，要求把握整体情节与跨段落逻辑。 非连续性文本：在阅读中融合图表、图示、英英注释，考查跨媒介信息整合能力。 跨学科融合：语篇内容涉及物理实验、生物知识、地理信息等，考查学生运用多学科知识解决问题的能力。 4. 题型创新：思维层级提升与个性化表达——在保持试卷结构稳定的前提下，题型设计更强调高阶思维和开放性： 阅读：新增文章体裁分析题；增加对作者意图、观点辨析、主旨归纳等深层理解能力的考查比例。 书面表达：多地期中期末以及平时训练采用“图文结合” 的命题方式，鼓励学生个性化表达，评分更注重逻辑连贯与语言丰富性，反对模板化。 二、命题思路总结 当前中考英语命题的核心思路可概括为 “一核四维”： · 一个核心：以英语学科核心素养（语言能力、文化意识、思维品质、学习能力）为考查核心，全面体现育人导向。 四个维度： 1. 情境真实化：在真实或仿真的生活场景中设置任务，考查语言运用。 2. 思维高阶化：减少对表层信息的机械考查，增加分析、推理、评价、创新等高阶思维能力的比重。 3. 载体创新化：通过文本组合、多模态、跨学科等创新载体，考查信息整合与综合解决问题的能力。 命题预测 一、主题预测 推理判断题将更依赖能承载深层逻辑、文化内涵和价值判断的语篇。预测将集中在以下方向： · 逻辑严密的叙事与论述：情节有转折、人物情感复杂或有明确因果链条的故事；以及探讨社会现象、科技伦理的议论文。这类文本为推断人物动机、情感变化和作者观点提供了空间。 · 多元文化与国际视野：涉及中外文化对比、跨文化交流、国际热点（如环境保护、科技合作）的语篇。题目可能要求推断文化差异、作者态度或事件影响。 · 渗透德育与价值判断：蕴含友爱、诚信、责任、生态保护等主题的语篇。考题可能引导学生推断行为背后的品质、故事的寓意或做出正确的价值选择。 二、题型预测 隐含信息题 观点态度题 写作意图题 细节判断题 考点一 题型破解 一、题型特点 推理判断题是中考英语阅读理解中考查思维深度和逻辑能力的关键题型。其特点如下： · 定义与考查方式：题目要求考生基于文章已明确陈述的信息，进行一步合理的逻辑延伸，从而推断出作者未直接说明的隐含意义、观点、意图或结论。解答的核心是 “立足原文，合理推断” ，其答案无法通过简单的信息定位直接获得，必须经过分析、综合等思维过程。 · 命题分布与类型：主要考查四个维度的推理能力： 1. 推断隐含信息（低频）：如人物关系、事件原因、事物发展趋势等。 2. 推断观点态度：如作者或文中人物对某事的情感倾向（支持、反对、中立等）。 3. 推断写作意图：判断作者撰写文章的根本目的（如告知、说服、娱乐、警示）。 4. 推断文本特征：推测文章出处、目标读者或下文可能内容。 二、设问方式 题干中通常包含以下标志性词语，表明需要进行推理判断： 1. 推断隐含信息： What can we infer from Paragraph X? What does the author imply/suggest by saying “…”? We can learn from the passage that ______. 2. 推断观点态度： What is the author’s attitude toward …? How does the writer feel about …? 3. 推断写作意图： What is the main purpose of this passage? Why does the author mention the example of …? 4. 推断文本特征： Where is this text most probably taken from? Who is the passage mainly written for? What might the author talk about next? 三、选项规律 掌握正确选项与干扰项的特征是解题关键。 类别 特征 释义与示例 正确选项规律 间接性 是原文信息的同义转述、合理延伸或逻辑结论，不会照搬原句。 支撑性 在原文中总能找到一处或多处信息作为间接依据。 逻辑性 推断过程严谨，结论与文章主旨、基调及事实完全一致。 错误选项（干扰项）规律 原文直述 是原文明确写出的细节，未经过任何推断，属于“张冠李戴”到推理题中。 过度推断 虽然基于原文，但添加了原文没有的假设，进行了多步跳跃或极端化推导。 偏离主旨 推断结论与文章的中心思想、整体情感倾向或事实相矛盾。 无中生有 选项内容在原文中完全找不到任何依据，属于凭空捏造。 混淆态度 将作者态度与他人态度混淆，或将客观陈述误认为主观倾向。 考点二 解题要点 一、推断隐含信息 1. 解题步骤 解答此类题目，核心是完成从“文本信息”到“隐含结论”的一步合理逻辑跨越。建议遵循以下四步路径： 第1步：定位关键信息——根据题干关键词（如人名、核心事件），迅速定位至原文相关的1-2个句子或意群。这通常是推论的起点。 第2步：分析逻辑关系——仔细研读定位句及其上下文，剖析其中的逻辑关系（如因果、转折、对比、时间顺序）和情感线索（如褒贬词汇、语气强弱）。这是推断的桥梁。 第3步：进行合理推断——基于文本信息和分析出的逻辑/情感，结合基本常识，进行一步合理且必要的逻辑推导，得出原文未明言但意欲表达的结论。 第4步：验证匹配选项——将你的推断结论与各选项比对。选择有最强文本依据、逻辑最直接的选项，并排除“过度推断”或“无文本支撑”的干扰项。 2. 解题原则 原则名称 核心释义 典型错误 / 注意事项 文本依据原则 所有推断必须源于文本，在原文中有明确的线索（事实、逻辑词、情感词）作为支撑。 主观臆断：脱离文本，仅凭个人经验或感觉猜测。 一步推断原则 推断应是基于文本的单步逻辑延伸，结论与文本证据间有直接、紧凑的逻辑关系。 过度推断：进行多步、连锁或过度解读，添加原文没有的信息。 逻辑自洽原则 推断出的结论必须与原文整体主旨、已知事实及其他部分信息保持一致，不能相互矛盾。 以偏概全：仅依据局部细节得出与全文基调冲突的结论。 最佳证据原则 当多个选项看似都可能时，选择文本依据最直接、逻辑关系最简明的选项。 犹豫不决：被看似“有道理”但依据薄弱的选项迷惑，忽略最贴合原文证据的选项。 【典例1-1】I am not a perfect person. In a sense, I think I’m selfish (自私的). But you don’t have to be a perfect, selfless person to volunteer. In fact, I have benefited (受益) a lot from volunteering. Volunteering helps others, and it can also help yourself, too. The biggest benefit of volunteering is that it helps you develop your character (品质), and that’s the passport to a rich and meaningful life. 1. Which of the following would Emily most probably agree with? A. Use it or lose it. B. Old habits die hard. C. Giving is receiving. 【答案】C 【解析】推理判断题。根据“Volunteering helps others, and it can also help yourself, too”可知Emily认为做志愿者既能帮助别人，也能帮助自己，即付出就是收获。故选C。 【迁移运用1-1】Andy never wanted to go to bed on time. His parents didn’t know what to do until one weekend when they visited Andy’s grandparents. Grandpa Peter heard all about it and said, “ This sounds like a job for Tubby, my fat cat. “ So they put Tubby in the car and drove back home. 1. What was Grandpa like? A．Serious and strict. B．Interesting and creative. C．Gentle and patient 【答案】B 【解析】推理判断题。根据“Grandpa Peter heard all about it and said, ‘This sounds like a job for Tubby, my fat cat.’”可推知，爷爷用胖猫解决Andy睡觉问题的想法很有趣且有创意。故选B。 【迁移运用1-2】…These unusual robots seem to be doing good jobs, but they still need help from people. People control robots with a computer or a remote control (遥控器) and a VR headset (虚拟现实头盔). Scientists say robots can help in more places and play a more important part in the near future. 1. We can infer (推断) that from the 4th paragraph. A．There will be fewer robots in our homes to do good jobs. B．These special robots can't work without people's help. C．There are four ways to order the robots to do all things. 【答案】B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段These unusual I robots seem to be doing good jobs, but they still need help from people. People control robots with a computer or a remote control(遥控器)and a VR headset(虚拟现实头盔). (这些不同寻常的机器人似乎做得很好，但它们仍然需要人们的帮助。人们用电脑或遥控器和虚拟现实头盔控制机器人。)可知，我们可以从第4段推断出没有人的帮助，这些特殊的机器人就不能工作。故选B。 二、观点态度题 1. 解题步骤 解答此类题目，核心是捕捉并分析文本中的情感与评价性线索，推断作者或人物的立场。建议遵循以下三步路径： 第1步：定位情感信号——根据题干关键词（如作者、人物名、讨论对象），快速定位到原文中表达看法、评价或感受的句子。重点寻找： · 直接表态的陈述句。 · 带有感情色彩的形容词、副词（如 wonderful, unfortunately）。 · 表达评价的动词（如 praise, criticize, support）。 · 特殊句式或标点（如反问句、感叹号）。 第2步：分析态度倾向——仔细分析定位到的信号词和上下文，判断其情感色彩： · 辨别褒贬：判断词汇是正面、负面还是中性。 · 关注转折：重点分析“but, however, actually”等转折词后的内容，这往往是真实态度的关键。 · 结合语境：将局部态度与段落主旨、文章写作目的相联系。 第3步：匹配验证选项——将分析出的态度倾向与选项进行匹配验证： · 直接匹配：将推断出的态度（如“批评的”）与选项中的概括词（如 critical）对应。 · 排除干扰：坚决排除“无中生有”、“过度拔高”、“混淆主体”（如将文中人物态度误当作作者态度）的选项。 2. 解题原则 原则名称 核心释义 典型错误 / 注意事项 信号词锁定原则 态度推断必须基于文本中客观存在的情感词汇、评价性语句或修辞手法等信号，不能凭空感受。 主观感觉：仅凭文章话题或个人好恶猜测态度，而非基于文本证据。 主体一致原则 必须严格区分并明确题干所问的态度主体（是作者还是文中特定人物）以及态度对象（针对什么事/人）。 张冠李戴：将文中某个人物的态度错误地归结为作者的态度。 客观文本优先原则 当文章以客观陈述事实、数据为主，无明显情感信号时，作者态度通常为客观（objective）或中立（neutral）。 过度解读：对一篇说明文或新闻报道强加“支持”或“反对”的主观态度。 基调统一原则 推断出的具体态度应与文章的整体基调、写作目的和主旨保持一致，不能发生矛盾。 以偏概全：抓住一个细节性情感词（如“挑战”），忽略全文积极进取的基调，误判为“消极”。 【典例】…There are so many acceptable exercise snacks, like doing sit-ups, jumping rope or running up and down some stairs (楼梯). But for those who don't know where to start, here are some helpful exercise choices: Exercises such as lifting weights will satisfy the needs. Since most people don't keep weights at their offices, lift full water bottles. Squats (深蹲) — moving your body as if to sit down while keeping your back straight. Five to ten of these should make a good snack. For those who don't like traditional exercises, simply turn up the music. Pick a lively song and start dancing. It'll make for a fun workout. What are you waiting for? Let's get moving. Your body will thank you for it! 1. What is the writer's attitude (态度) to exercise snacks? A．Doubtful. B．Unclear. C．Supportive. 【答案】C 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段What are you waiting for? Let's get moving. Your body will thank for it!可知，作者呼吁大家行动起来，他认为零食式锻炼对身体有好处，故选C。 【迁移运用2-1】As major domestic (国内的) official media have pointed out, pre-made food, as a product of industrial food production, has its advantages that cannot be replaced. It meets the needs for fast meals in a fast-paced society, helps food businesses cut costs and workers, and improves efficiency. What’s more, it can reduce food waste through standard rules. However, problems cannot be ignored (忽视). First, food safety is a top worry. If there is no proper check, long-term storage and complex supply chains may bring risks like microbe pollution. Second, the lack of clear information breaks consumers’ right to know that many restaurants use pre-made food without telling customers, and customers pay for what they think is freshly cooked dishes. Third, some products have quality problems, such as using too many additives (添加剂) to make food last longer. 1. What is the author’s attitude towards pre-made food? A．Totally disagree, because it’s not safe. B．Thinks it’s good but needs strict management C．Fully supports it, because it has no disadvantages. 【答案】B 【解析】观点态度题。根据“As major domestic (国内的) official media have pointed out, pre-made food, as a product of industrial food production, has its advantages that cannot be replaced.”以及“However, problems cannot be ignored (忽视).”和“To make sure the pre-made food industry develops healthily, stricter checks are badly needed.”可知，作者认为预制菜有其不可替代的优势，但也存在一些问题，需要严格的管理来确保其健康发展，因此作者认为预制菜很好，但需要严格管理，故选B。 【迁移运用2-2】China’s EV industry is now facing both challenges and chances. It’s reported that 71% of EV brands cut prices in 2023. EV makers without the ability of innovation (创新) will face growing risks. In order to be both green and smart, Chinese EV makers are trying hard to improve technologies like battery quality and AI support. At the same time, the government is adding even more charging points (充电站). On the other hand, more Chinese people are aware of the environmental problems. They know they should do something for them. It is encouraging more buyers to choose EVs. EVs are the way of the future. In an ideal world, everyone benefits from innovation and green transport. Some might get there sooner than others and will gain greater rewards. It is very likely that China will hold the lead. 1. What’s the writer’s attitude (态度) towards the future of China’s EV industry? A．Uncertain. B．Hopeful. C．Doubtful. 【答案】B 【解析】观点态度题。根据最后一段“It is very likely that China will hold the lead.”及全文积极描述可知，作者对中国电动汽车产业的未来持乐观、积极态度。故选B。 三、写作意图题 解答此类题目，可遵循“一体裁、二手段、三匹配”的分析路径。 第一步：判断文章体裁，圈定意图范围——快速辨识文章体裁，因为不同体裁通常有典型的写作目的。 · 记叙文/故事：意图常为 分享经历、传递感悟、娱乐读者。 · 说明文/科普文：意图常为 解释事物、提供知识、说明情况。 · 议论文/评论：意图常为 说服读者、表达观点、提出倡议。 · 广告/通知：意图常为 推广产品、告知信息、号召行动。 第二步：分析内容与手段，寻找意图线索——细读文章，分析作者如何使用内容与写作手段来服务其目的。 · 看核心内容：文章主要是在讲故事、讲道理，还是列事实？ · 看论述方式：作者是否用了大量例子、数据来说服？是否在结尾提出呼吁或建议？ · 看语言风格：语言是客观平实的，还是充满感染力和号召力的？ 第三步：匹配意图类型，验证选项——将第二步的分析结果，与第一步圈定的意图范围进行匹配，并对照选项。 · 关键匹配：将“作者所做的”（内容与手段）与“作者想达到的”（意图类型）联系起来。 · 核心验证：牢记 “作者意图 ≠ 文章内容本身” 。例如，一篇详细介绍空气污染危害的文章，其内容 是“说明危害”，但其根本意图很可能是“呼吁保护环境”（to persuade）。 2. 解题原则 原则名称 核心释义 典型错误与教学提示 目的高于内容原则 必须区分文章的表面话题和作者的深层目的。目的是作者希望通过文章对读者产生的“影响”或“效果”。 错误：将文章主要内容当作写作目的。 示例：文章讲“如何回收”，目的是“教会方法”(to inform)或“鼓励回收”(to persuade)，而非仅仅是“谈论回收”。 文本证据原则 推断出的写作意图必须在文章中有明确的内容安排、论述逻辑或语言风格作为支撑。 错误：脱离文本，凭常识猜测某一话题的“通常”目的。 提示：引导学生寻找“作者用了什么方法让我这么想？”的证据。 文体匹配原则 最终的意图判断必须与文章的体裁特征和整体风格高度吻合。 错误：为一则故事性广告选择“to entertain”而忽略了其核心的“to persuade”。 提示：不同文体有主要意图，但常有复合目的（如“寓教于乐”）。 整体判断原则 应基于对文章整体（尤其是开头、结尾及反复强调处）的把握进行判断，而非仅依据某个局部细节。 错误：因文中有一个有趣的故事，就将一篇议论文的意图判断为“to entertain”。 提示：局部细节服务于整体意图。 【典例】…Regretfully, my own grandparents weren't around when I was little, as they had already passed away. I never got to learn what the world was like through their eyes, or what kinds of problems they might have faced when they were my age. To me, their lives will always be a mystery — hard to understand or explain. However, I think I can still learn from other people of older generations (辈). I might find some of their ideas out of date, and they might believe that my generation's way of thinking is strange or incorrect. But we can still learn from each other anyway. 1. What is the main purpose of the text? A．To explain why the world's population ages. B．To encourage different generations to learn from each other. C．To show that older generations' ways of thinking are incorrect. 【答案】B 【解析】推理判断题。根据句子However, I think I can still learn from other people of older generations (辈). I might find some of their ideas out of date, and they might believe that my generation's way of thinking is strange or incorrect. But we can still learn from each other anyway. 然而，我认为我仍然可以向其他老一辈人学习。我可能会发现他们的一些想法过时了，他们可能会认为我们这一代人的思维方式是奇怪的或不正确的。但无论如何，我们仍然可以相互学习。可知本文想要说明老年人和年轻人这两个群体都有很多可以相互学习的地方，故选B。 【迁移运用3-1】How can we protect our ears? We'd better keep the volume low when we use our headphones. We should be able to hear sounds around us. And other people shouldn't hear noise from our headphones. "If I can hear what you're listening to when you're wearing your headphones," Clark says, "It's too loud." To protect our ears, keep our headphones at about half volume. 1. What's the main purpose of the last paragraph? A．To give advice. B．To show problems C．To explain reasons. 【答案】A 【解析】推理判断题。根据原文"How can we protect our ears？We'd better keep the volume low when we use our headphones.…"我们如何保护我们的耳朵？使用耳机时最好将音量调低，可知对"如何保护我们的耳朵"提出建议，答案是To give advice..故选A。 【迁移运用3-2】After enjoying it, people find the new "Summer" now sounds noisier and more powerful. Because of global warming (全球变暖), the other three seasons have become shorter. Costa says he expects people to feel "really sad" after listening to the new Four Seasons. "I really want more people to become truly aware of (意识到) what is happening to our planet," says Costa. "And I believe Vivaldi would not be angry with my changes." 1. Why did Hache Costa give the old work a fresh feel? A．To call on more people to love music. B．To raise public awareness of climate change. C．To present the story of Antonio Vivaldi's colorful life. 【答案】B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第五段Because of global warming (全球变暖), the other three seasons have become shorter. Costa says he expects people to feel "really sad" after listening to the new Four Seasons.和第六段l really want more people to become truly aware of (意识到) what is happening to our planet.可知，由于全球变暖，其他三个季节变短了。Costa说，他预计人们在听了新的《四季》之后会感到"非常难过"。作者希望更多的人真正意识到我们的星球正在发生什么。由此可知，Costa给老作品带来新鲜感是为了提高公众对气候变化的认识，故选B。 四、细节判断题 1. 解题步骤 此题型解题需从“宏观特征”入手，而非“微观细节”定位。 第一步：识别文本特征——通读全文，快速抓取并分析以下核心特征： · 文体特征：文章是故事、新闻、广告、说明书还是科普文？有无特殊格式（如标题、价格、联系方式）？ · 内容要素：核心话题是什么？涉及商品交易、生活指南、事件报道还是知识讲解？ · 语言风格：语言是正式客观、生动有趣、简洁鼓动还是严谨专业？ 第二步：匹配常识与逻辑——将第一步识别出的特征，与生活常识和逻辑规律进行匹配推断： · 推断出处：具有时效性和导语结构的可能是新闻报道；介绍产品并有联系方式的通常是广告；结构严谨、术语较多的可能来自科普杂志或教材。 · 推断读者：语言浅显、话题生活化的可能面向普通大众或学生；内容专业、术语密集的则可能针对专业人士或爱好者。 · 推断后续：依据文章逻辑脉络（如提出问题-分析问题、介绍现象-探讨原因），预测最可能延续的方向。 · 推断手法：分析段落如何引入话题（如用问题、故事、数据或对比）。 第三步：验证选项——将推断结论与选项比对，选择特征匹配度最高、最合乎逻辑的一项。 2. 解题原则 原则名称 核心释义 与推理判断题的核心差异 文体敏感性原则 判断必须基于对文章整体体裁和形式特征的敏锐把握。 推理题侧重于对内容内在逻辑的推断；细节判断题侧重于对文本外部特征和功能的识别。 常识关联原则 需合理调动关于不同文本类型（如新闻、广告、指南）在现实世界中如何呈现、为谁服务的普遍性常识。 推理题的推断严格限制在文本内部证据链；细节判断题的推断需依赖文本外部的生活经验和常识。 整体证据原则 判断依据是散布在全文的综合性特征（如格式、风格、主题），而非某一两句的细节。 推理题可以基于局部关键句进行推断；细节判断题必须基于全文基调与特征进行综合判断。 客观推断原则 答案通常是最具普遍性、最客观的推断，避免主观臆测或过度个人化的解读。 两者都要求客观，但细节判断题的答案（如文章出处）在现实中有更客观、公认的对应类别。 【典例】…Do you have a conversation on your phone while talking to another person face to face? Do you scroll (上下滑动) through your phone while eating with someone for fear of missing out? If your answer is yes to either of them, you might be a “phubber”. 1. How does the writer introduce the word “phubber” in Paragraph 3? A. By raising questions. B. By listing numbers. C. By giving reasons. 【答案】A 【解析】细节判断题。根据“Do you have a conversation on your phone while talking to another person face to face? Do you scroll (上下滑动) through your phone while eating with someone for fear of missing out?”可知，作者在第三段通过提出问题介绍“phubber”这个词。故选A。 【迁移运用4-1】I suppose this is quite an interesting idea. For one thing, we live in a world where there are more and more old people. The world is facing this problem and its population ages. It will be important for young people to be able to understand and care for the elderly in the coming years. Regretfully, my own grandparents weren't around when I was little, as they had already passed away. I never got to learn what the world was like through their eyes, or what kinds of problems they might have faced when they were my age. To me, their lives will always be a mystery — hard to understand or explain. 1. How does the writer develop his/her idea in this text? A．By giving examples. B．By listing numbers. C．By raising questions. 【答案】A 【解析】推理判断题。根据句子Regretfully, my own grandparents weren't around when I was little, as they had already passed away. I never got to learn what the world was like through their eyes, or what kinds of problems they might have faced when they were my age. To me, their lives will always be a mystery — hard to understand or explain. 遗憾的是，在我小的时候，我的祖父母已经去世了。我从来没有机会通过他们的眼睛了解这个世界是什么样子，或者他们在我这个年龄时可能会面临什么样的问题。对我来说，他们的生活永远是个谜——难以理解或解释。可推知作者通过举例来发展自己的观点，故选A。 【迁移运用4-2】 1. In which part of a newspaper may we read the text? A．Health. B．Science. C．Language. 【答案】C 【解析】推理判断题。根据“What are poems?”可知，本文主要介绍了什么是诗歌，可以在报纸的“语言”部分看到。故选C。 Passage 1 From: School Health Club health@school.com To: All Students Subject: Global Kid Obesity & School Activity    Date: Oct. 15, 2025 Hi everyone, Our club shares an alarming UNICEF report: For kids aged 5-19, 9.4% are obese (heavier than healthy weight)—this is more than the 9.2% who are underweight. Obese kids may get type 2 diabetes (糖尿病) when older. Why? Ultra-processed foods (UPFs) like cookies and chips are easy to buy and have lots of sugar. To stay healthy, we’ll hold “Healthy Eating Week” (Oct. 20-26).Activities: ①Doctors will talk about UPFs on Oct. 20. ②Bring fruits instead of snacks to school that week. Any questions? Tell us at health@school.com! School Health Club 1． What would students do in the coming week according to the e-mail? A．Learn about UPFs. B．Buy more cookies. C．Bring snacks to school. 2． What can we learn from the e-mail? A．There are far fewer obese kids than underweight kids. B．UPFs may stop kids aged 5-19 from getting obese. C．“Healthy Eating Week” is held to develop better eating habits. 【答案】1．A 2．C 【导语】本文是一封学校健康俱乐部的邮件，提及了全球儿童肥胖问题，并宣布将举办“健康饮食周”活动以推广健康饮食习惯。 1．细节理解题。根据邮件中“Activities: ①Doctors will talk about UPFs on Oct. 20.”可知，在即将到来的一周里，学生们将了解UPFs（超加工食品）。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据邮件中“Obese kids may get type 2 diabetes (糖尿病) when older. Why? Ultra-processed foods (UPFs) like cookies and chips are easy to buy and have lots of sugar. To stay healthy, we’ll hold ‘Healthy Eating Week’ (Oct. 20-26).”可知，肥胖儿童长大后可能患2型糖尿病，原因是超加工食品容易购买且含糖量高。为保持健康，将举办“健康饮食周”活动。由此可推断，“健康饮食周”的举办是为了培养更好的饮食习惯。故选C。 Passage 2 As a country powerful in math, China has many folk games full of math wisdom (智慧). You may play many of them before. Let’s take a look at three of them. Chinese nine linked rings puzzle It’s believed that the nine linked rings puzzle was created in the Western Han Dynasty. And it is usually made up of nine rings connected to a handle (手柄). Players have to remove (移除) all the rings from the handle to win the game. This is not a simple game. The solution takes 341 moves, so lots of patience is required. But if you learn to solve it, it’s hard to forget. Tangram First popular in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the tangram is a puzzle made up of seven pieces of different shapes. For each puzzle, players need to use all the pieces to make a shape. To do it, players have to know about geometry (几何学). In the 18th century, the tangram was brought to the West and soon became popular there. Luban lock The Luban lock was first created by Lu Ban 2,000 years ago. The lock has a lot to do with solid geometry (立体几何). It’s hard to separate the six pieces. However, it is usually easier to unlock a Luban lock than to put it back together. Now, there are Luban locks made up of nine or more pieces. 1． From the passage we can learn that ________. A．the tangram was brought to the West in the 19th century B．it is usually more difficult to unlock a Luban lock than to put it back together C．players have to remove nine rings from the handle to win the nine linked rings puzzle 2． Where can you probably read the passage? A．In a storybook. B．In a science book. C．In a travel magazine. 【答案】1．C 2．B 【导语】本文是说明文。本文主要介绍了九连环、七巧板和鲁班锁这三个充满数学智慧的中国民间游戏。 1．细节理解题。根据表格一“And it is usually made up of nine rings connected to a handle (手柄). Players have to remove (移除) all the rings from the handle to win the game.”可知，它通常由九个环连接在一个手柄上。玩家必须从手柄上摘下所有的圆环才能赢得比赛。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据“China has many folk games full of math wisdom”以及全文主要介绍三个与数学相关的民间游戏可推测，可能在一本科学书里看到这篇文章。故选B。 Passage 3 I spent this holiday with my uncle. He loved to go on walks to collect stones. One day, he bought me a backpack, asked me to go to the mountain with him and carry the stones. The whole day we walked around. Every now and then he put stones in our bags. To my surprise, he also took some stones out from our bags. But I thought he had just found better stones. When I returned to the house, I was very tired. The backpack was so heavy that I felt relaxed when I put it down. Yet my uncle’s backpack was half empty. “Why did you put so many stones into my backpack?” I asked. “I didn’t. You did,” he said. “You didn’t know it, but I gave you a test today. I listened to every word you said. Whenever you were complaining (抱怨), I added a stone to your bag. Whenever you talked about something with positive (积极的) thinking, I took out a stone. And now look at your backpack.” My backpack was full of stones. “Your negative (消极的) thoughts are like stones. You carry them in your mind just like those stones in your backpack. The more negative thoughts, the heavier your mind.” With great love, my uncle taught me one of the most important lessons in life. 1． How did the writer feel when his uncle took some stones out from his bag? A．Tired. B．Surprised. C．Excited. 2． The underlined word “them” refers to . A．stones B．lessons C．negative thoughts 3． According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true? A．The uncle took some stones out from the bags because he had found better ones. B．When they got back home, the writer found his uncle’s bag was half empty. C．The writer’s bag was full of stones because he complained a lot all the way. 4． What can we learn from this passage? A．We should be positive about life. B．Carrying stones is good for us. C．We shouldn’t learn from the writer’s uncle. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．A 【导语】本文通过作者与叔叔一起捡石头的经历，传达了一个关于积极心态的重要人生道理。 1．细节理解题。根据“To my surprise, he also took some stones out from our bags.”可知，当叔叔从包里拿出一些石头时，作者是感到惊讶的。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据“Your negative (消极的) thoughts are like stones. You carry them in your mind just like those stones in your backpack.”可知，你的消极想法就像石头，你把它们记在心里，就像背包里的那些石头一样，故划线部分them指代前文提到的“Your negative (消极的) thoughts”。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“Whenever you talked about something with positive (积极的) thinking, I took out a stone.”可知，当作者积极思考时，作者的叔叔就会拿出石头，与“找到更好的石头”无关。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“Your negative (消极的) thoughts are like stones. You carry them in your mind just like those stones in your backpack. The more negative thoughts, the heavier your mind.”及通读全文内容可知，作者的叔叔将石头比作消极思想，告诫我们要学会积极思考，而非抱怨生活，故我们应该对生活持积极态度。故选A。 Passage 4 Soccer is the world's most popular sport, played by people in over  200 countries. But do you know how it began? The earliest form of soccer started in China over 2, 000 years ago during the Han Dynasty (朝代). At that time, Chinese soldiers played a game called “cuju” to keep themselves fit for fighting. This game became so well-liked that even emperors were interested in watching it. It was a fun and useful activity for both the body and the mind. The modern soccer began in England. Before 1863, different schools had different rules for playing. Some schools allowed players to use their hands, while others didn’t. This caused some problems. In October, 1863, people from eleven London schools got together and decided on common rules. This important meeting led to the creation of the first soccer group and made soccer an official sport. Many important changes happened later. In 1872, the size of the ball was fixed at 28 inches (英尺) around, and we still use this standard today. The first World Cup tournament (锦标赛) took place in 1930 in Uruguay. Only 13 teams took part in that time. Now, more than 200 teams try hard to get into this competition. The winning team gets to lift up a special gold cup. From its simple start to today’s large fields filled with excited cheering fans, soccer’s story shows how a great idea can develop and become loved by people all over the world. As the famous player Pelé said, “Soccer is more than just a game— it brings people together.” When you next watch a soccer match, remember all the long history behind it! 1． Why did Chinese soldiers play “cuju” according to Paragraph 1? A．To have fun. B．To make emperors interested in it. C．To stay strong and prepare for the war. 2． How many teams took part in the first World Cup tournament? A．13. B．28. C．200. 3．In what order is the article written? A．Logical (逻辑的) order. B．Time order. C．Space order. 4． What is the main idea of the passage? A．The reasons why soccer became the world's most popular sport. B．The differences between ancient Chinese cuju and modern soccer. C．The history and development of soccer from ancient times to today. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了足球的起源和发展历程。 1．细节理解题。根据“The earliest form of soccer started in China over 2,000 years ago during the Han Dynasty (朝代). At that time, Chinese soldiers played a game called ‘cuju’ to keep themselves fit for fighting.”可知，中国士兵踢“蹴鞠”是为了保持强壮，为战争做准备。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“The first World Cup tournament(锦标赛) took place in 1930 in Uruguay. Only 13 teams took part in that time.”可知，第一届世界杯锦标赛有13支队伍参加。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据文中“over 2,000 years ago during the Han Dynasty”；“Before 1863”；“In October, 1863”；“In 1872”以及“in 1930”等时间信息可知，文章按时间顺序书写。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文依次介绍了古代中国蹴鞠、现代足球的起源、规则统一、重要变革（如球的规格、世界杯举办）等内容，围绕足球从古至今的历史和发展展开。故选C。 Passage 5 Think about how much time you spent outside last week. Really “outside”. Now think about how much time you spent indoors—on the Internet or playing video games or watching TV. “Kids today spend two fewer hours per week on sports and outdoor activities than kids did 20 years ago. Non-moving activities are more popular. The cost includes obesity (肥胖), greater stress, higher rates of physical and emotional illness and less joy…,” says Richard Louv, writer of Last Child in the Woods: Saving Our Children from Nature-Deficit Disorder. Play is important, even for adults. Just getting outdoors does wonders. Outdoor activity betters your senses. The next time you sit down to message your friends, take note of your senses during and after your texting. Then do the same experiment after you’ve done something outside. You will find being outdoors brings the senses to life. “Hiking, exploring, and fishing help train all of your senses,” says Betsy Keller. She’s a professor of exercise and sports sciences at Ithaca College in New York. “Smell, sight... all of your senses are in use when you’re outside.” Outdoor play frees your mind. Are you stressed out? Having trouble putting your mind to what you’re doing? Too much time indoors—away from the natural world—may be a cause. Spending time outdoors brings you closer to the environment. When you’re out, breathe fresh air, hear the leaves crackle (发出噼啪声) underfoot and search cool birds and plants in the woods. It can help you feel more connected to the natural world. No woods nearby? Nature can be found right outside your back door or in your local park. 1． How does the writer first introduce the topic of outdoor play? A．By comparing the facts. B．By presenting the results of a recent study. C．By inviting the reader to think about the questions. 2． What’s Richard Louv’s opinion on “Non-moving activities are more popular.”? A．He feels worried. B．He thinks that it is acceptable. C．He holds the view that it’s good. 3． Which of the following is a good way to enjoy outdoor play? A．Having a yard party with family and friends. B．Watching the movies about nature and outdoor play. C．Playing a video game of making a tree house in the local park. 4．What is the best title of the text? A．Should We Play Outdoors or Indoors? B．Outdoor Time: Benefits Beyond Imagination C．Non-moving Activities: Avoiding Outdoor Accidents 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要阐述了户外活动的重要性，包括提升感官、放松心情、让人亲近自然等益处，并对比了如今孩子与20年前孩子在户外活动时间上的差异。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第1段“Think about how much time you spent outside last week. Really ‘outside’. Now think about how much time you spent indoors—on the Internet or playing video games or watching TV.”可知，作者通过让读者思考问题来引入户外玩耍的话题。故选C。 2．观点态度题。根据文章第2段“‘Kids today spend two fewer hours per week on sports and outdoor activities than kids did 20 years ago. Non-moving activities are more popular. The cost includes obesity, greater stress, higher rates of physical and emotional illness and less joy...’ says Richard Louv”可知，Richard Louv指出不运动的活动更流行带来了肥胖、压力等不良后果，可推知他对此感到担忧。故选A。 3．推理判断题。文章强调的户外活动是真实在户外进行的活动。A选项“和家人朋友举办庭院派对”是在户外进行的活动。故选A。 4．最佳标题题。文章主要围绕户外活动展开，介绍了户外活动能提升感官、放松心情、让人亲近自然等诸多超出想象的益处。B选项“户外时光：益处超乎想象”符合文章主旨，故选B。 Passage 6 All of us may have experienced embarrassing moments. It could have been the time when you pronounced a simple word wrong in class, wore your T-shirt backwards, talked about someone else without realizing that they were right behind you, or secretly tried to take a picture of someone while the flash was on. Though these embarrassing moments don’t harm us a lot, they come back from time to time and make us feel upset. Even if these moments may have faded (消失) after some time, we would always remember the feeling of strong embarrassment. In fact, these feelings may last for years. When these kinds of feelings return, they are known as a “cringe attack (羞愧综合征)”. I personally get a quite uncomfortable feeling when I think back on a party my parents took me to when I was younger. I ate a bowl of strawberries by myself. My parents shouted at me in front of everyone—for being so selfish. From then on every time I put a strawberry into my mouth, my brain just throws that embarrassing scene back. Why do these “cringe attacks” still pop up in our daily lives even though the actual events happened weeks, months, or even years ago? According to researchers, our brains give special attention to feelings that can be easily noticed. The stronger the feeling is, the stronger the memory will be. If you have a highly embarrassing or highly emotional (情绪激动的) moment, no matter what it is, your brain will try to catch it. So how can we deal with this? Well, we can start by trying to be more objective (客观的) about our past selves. Consider that you are not alone in your embarrassment—everyone fails or makes silly, embarrassing mistakes. Instead of just trying to forget what we did, we should try to accept who we were at that moment and think about how we can change for the better. 1．The writer talks about his own experience in Paragraph 3 ________. A．to show his love for strawberries B．to give an example of cringe attacks C．to explain that he was not really selfish 2．According to Paragraph 4, the more emotional we are, ________. A．the more exciting life we will live B．the shorter the event will stay in our memory C．the better we will remember about the event 3．What’s the writer’s suggestion about dealing with embarrassing moments? A．Taking them seriously. B．Just forgetting about them. C．Trying to improve ourselves. 4．The structure of the passage may be ________. A． B． C． 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了生活中常见的尴尬现象以及如何去应对这些情况。 1．推理判断题。根据“When these kinds of feelings return, they are known as a ‘cringe attack (羞愧综合征)’.”和“… my brain just throws that embarrassing scene back.”可知，作者列举自己的亲身经历是想说明什么是“羞愧综合征”。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“The stronger the feeling is, the stronger the memory will be.”可知，感觉越强烈，记忆就越强烈。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Instead of just trying to forget what we did, we should try to accept who we were at that moment and think about how we can change for the better.”可知，与其试着忘记我们做过的事，我们还不如试着接受那一刻的自己，思考如何才能变得更好。故选C。 4．篇章结构题。根据“All of us may have experienced embarrassing moments.”可知，第①段是引出话题；根据第二段“When these kinds of feelings return, they are known as a ‘cringe attack (羞愧综合征)’.”，第三段“I personally get a quite uncomfortable feeling when …”和第四段“Why do these ‘cringe attacks’ still pop up in our daily lives …”可知，第②③④段主要介绍什么是“羞愧综合征”；根据“So how can we deal with this?”可知，第⑤段是如何解决这种情况。综上，C选项为本文的结构图。故选C。 Passage 7 Humans have a close relationship with animals. They show their love, understanding and respect for animals in the culture. Tigers, for example, play an important cultural role in many Asian countries. In the book Life of Pi, the writer chose a Bengal Tiger as the partner for the Indian boy Pi on his exciting journey in the Pacific Ocean. In Western countries, although lions are regarded as the king of all the animals, and even brave soldiers are given the name “the lion”, tigers are also seen as a very powerful animal. In English, if you want someone to calm down, you can say to them, “easy tiger”. Another famous phrase is “Eye of the Tiger”, which means power and strength. And when children plan to climb the tree for birds’ eggs, parents often warn them by saying “Don’t try to pull a tooth from the tiger’s mouth.” ___________. The animal zodiac system (十二生肖) is one of the examples. 2022 is the Year of the Tiger. Do you know anyone born in the Year of the Tiger? What’s their personality like? Are they brave, strong, and also sympathetic (富有同情心)? If so, then they are a typical “tiger”. Tigers are considered the king of all the animals in China. They are a symbol of power, energy and protection. That’s why people put up pictures of tigers on the walls of temples (寺庙) and houses in the hope of being protected from danger. Besides the animal zodiac system, Chinese people also show their connection with animals in other ways. 1． In the West, what animal is thought to be the king of all the animals? A．The tiger. B．The lion. C．The ox. 2． Why do people often put up pictures of tigers on the walls? A．Because tigers are brave, strong and will not hurt people. B．Because tigers stand for power, energy and protection. C．Because such pictures can protect people from all kinds of danger. 3． Which can best replace “_______” in the passage? A．Tigers are very popular in the world. B．Most people think tigers are very powerful. C．In China, people seem to be more creative. 4． According to the last paragraph, what may be talked about next? A．Other animals in the animal zodiac system. B．Paper-cuttings in the shape of animals. C．The ancient Chinese buildings. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了人类与动物之间的文化联系，重点以老虎为例，介绍了其在东西方文化中的象征意义及与中国生肖文化的关系。 1．细节理解题。根据“In Western countries, although lions are regarded as the king of all the animals...” 可知，在西方国家，狮子被视为百兽之王。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“They are a symbol of power, energy and protection. That’s why people put up pictures of tigers...” 可知，人们常将老虎的画像挂在墙上，因为老虎象征着力量、活力和保护。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“In Western countries...tigers are also seen as a very powerful animal...‘easy tiger’...‘Eye of the Tiger’...‘Don’t try to pull a tooth from the tiger’s mouth.’”可知，第三段讲述了老虎在西方文化中的象征意义；根据第四段空格处后文“The animal zodiac system (十二生肖)...2022 is the Year of the Tiger...Tigers are considered the king of all the animals in China. They are a symbol of power, energy and protection.”可知，后文提到老虎在中国文化中的象征意义，选项C“在中国，人们似乎更有创造力” 能承上启下，引出中国与“老虎”有关的文化。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Besides the animal zodiac system, Chinese people also show their connection with animals in other ways.”可知，除生肖外，中国人还通过其他方式展现与动物的联系。由此推知，下文可能列举其他和动物有关的艺术形式。故选B。 Passage 8 When you are trying to make friends, you’ll probably meet someone who just doesn’t like you, though you’ve never done anything personally to him or her. What should you do? Here’s some advice. Gossip (流言蜚语) can make meeting new people difficult, especially when people hear something bad about you. It can stop someone from getting to know you at all. When you are in a situation like this, it feels awful. However, you should just be yourself instead of working hard to try to win them over. In time, they will see that the gossip about you is wrong. Or, they may choose to believe it. Don’t worry about it and move on by friending the people who deserve (值得) to have you in their life. You’d think that your friend’s friends would also become your friends. But it doesn’t work that way. Sometimes people are happy with the friendship they have, and they aren’t interested in adding any more. If someone chooses not to be friends with you just because you’re new to the group, it’s fine. There is nothing wrong about you or them. An even more difficult situation is when someone has actually met you and just doesn’t like you. Every joke you make is taken the wrong way. Every time you try to do something nice, they find fault (找茬). As much as it hurts, accept that not everyone is going to be your friend. Don’t take it personally. These things could happen to everyone. There are just some people you’re not going to make friends with. In friendship, it’s important to focus on the bright sides with people. If someone doesn’t want to be your friend, that’s okay. Don’t get mad at them because it’s their choice. Instead, give your time and attention to the people that are interested in hanging out with you. 1． What should you do if someone doesn’t like you without any personal reason? A．Try hard to win them over. B．Be yourself and move on. C．Ignore everyone else. 2． How should you react if someone in a friend group doesn’t want to be friends with you? A．Get upset and confront them. B．Accept their choice and focus on other friendships. C．Try to change their mind. 3． What is a common reaction when someone misunderstands your jokes? A．Laugh it off and move on. B．Take it personally and get upset. C．Accept that not everyone will be your friend. 4． What is the key to building friendships according to the text? A．Focusing on the negative parts of people. B．Giving time and attention to those who appreciate you. C．Trying to please everyone. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了当你遇到别人不喜欢你的时候，你应该怎么做。 1．细节理解题。根据文中“However, you should just be yourself instead of working hard to try to win them over.”及下文中“Don’t worry about it and move on by friending the people who deserve to have you in their life.”可知，如果有人没有个人理由不喜欢你，你应该做你自己并且继续前进。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据文中“If someone chooses not to be friends with you just because you’re new to the group, it’s fine. There is nothing wrong about you or them.”可知，如果朋友群里有人不想和你做朋友，你应该接受他们选择，并专注于其他友谊。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据文中“Every joke you make is taken the wrong way. Every time you try to do something nice, they find fault. As much as it hurts, accept that not everyone is going to be your friend.”可知，当别人误解你的笑话时，应该去接受并不是每个人都会成为你的朋友。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据文中“Instead, give your time and attention to the people that are interested in hanging out with you.”及通读全文可知，建立友谊的关键是把时间和注意力花在那些欣赏你的人身上。故选B。 Passage 9 On December 4, 2024, the Spring Festival, the most important festival in China, was added to the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH) of Humanity by UNESCO (联合国教科文组织人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录). It starts on the first day of the lunar calendar and usually falls between January 21st and February 20th. What do people do during the Spring Festival? Here are some activities. People visit temples to wish for good luck. The temple fairs are held in many places, attracting a large number of visitors. These fairs include traditional performances like traditional Chinese opera. The dragon and lion dance can also be seen in some places. The dance is performed to scare away evil spirits (恶灵). The family reunion dinner is a must. There are many kinds of special dishes like dumplings, sticky rice cakes, fried meatballs, and braised fish (红烧鱼). The Spring Festival is a time for reunion, hope and joy, and it plays an important role in Chinese culture and traditions. The traditions and customs of the Spring Festival have been passed down from generation to generation. It has also become a very popular celebration for people all over the world. As its influence increases worldwide, the Spring Festival has been considered as a symbol of Chinese culture that is widely accepted, recognized (认同) and appreciated. 1． How does the writer start the passage? A．By showing a picture. B．By asking a question. C．By telling a fact. 2． Which activity is NOT mentioned in the passage? A．The temple fairs. B．The New Year paintings. C．The dragon and lion dance. 3． Put the sentences in the right order according to the passage. ①People visit temples to wish for good luck. ②The Spring Festival is the time for the family reunion dinner. ③The Spring Festival was added to the Representative List of ICH. ④The traditions and customs of the Spring Festival have been passed down. A．③①②④ B．③②①④ C．④①③② 4． What’s the writer’s attitude (态度) towards the Spring Festival? A．Disappointed. B．Upset. C．Proud. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了中国春节被列入人类非物质文化遗产名录的背景及其文化意义，并介绍了春节的传统习俗和庆祝活动。 1．推理判断题。根据“On December 4, 2024, the Spring Festival, the most important festival in China, was added to the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH) of Humanity by UNESCO”可知，作者通过陈述这个客观事实来开始文章的。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“The temple fairs are held in many places, attracting a large number of visitors. These fairs include traditional performances like traditional Chinese opera. The dragon and lion dance can also be seen in some places.”可知，文章提及了在春节期间寺庙举行祈福活动，舞龙舞狮的节目，没有提及年画。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第一段“On December 4, 2024, the Spring Festival, the most important festival in China, was added to the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH) of Humanity by UNESCO.”可知，中国春节被列入非遗。因此③排在第一；根据第二段“People visit temples to wish for good luck.”可知，人们去寺庙是为了祈求好运。因此①排在第二；根据第三段“The Spring Festival is a time for reunion, hope and joy, and it plays an important role in Chinese culture and traditions.”可知，春季期间人们团聚在一起享用团圆饭。因此②排在第三；根据“The traditions and customs of the Spring Festival have been passed down from generation to generation.”可知，春节的传统习俗会由一代代人传承下去。因此④排在第四。故选A。 4．观点态度题。根据“It has also become a very popular celebration for people all over the world. As its influence increases worldwide, the Spring Festival has been considered as a symbol of Chinese culture that is widely accepted, recognized (认同) and appreciated.”可知，作者对春节作为中国文化的象征在全世界的得到认同和赞赏是感到骄傲的。故选C。 Passage 10 Hunan Super League, or “Xiang Chao” in Chinese, is a soccer game among cities in Hunan. It was held from September to December in 2025. The matches were so popular that millions of people watched them on the field (球场) or on TV. The players come from different backgrounds—sellers, drivers, students, and so on. They are between 16 and 40 years old. But once they wear their team uniforms and step onto the field, they play for one thing: their love of football. What makes Xiang Chao special is its grassroots spirit (草根精神). One famous team is Yongzhou’s “Beggar Team”. They got this name because they have very simple facilities (设施) and little money. They even borrow scoreboards from train stations and use bus seats for fans. Still, their hard work and love for football made them Internet stars. Xiang Chao is not just about football. It also helps share Hunan’s culture. Fans can get cheap tickets to scenic spots (景点), hotels, and local food. There are also events like opera and tea shows. Xiang Chao shows that football’s joy doesn’t come from big stadiums or famous players. It comes from love for our hometown and fans’ unity. It celebrates grassroots culture and the power of sports. 1． How long does “Xiang Chao” last in Hunan in 2025? A．For two months. B．For three months. C．For four months. 2． Why do people call the Yongzhou team the “Beggar Team”? A．Because they often ask for money. B．Because their facilities are simple. C．Because they only play on the street. 3． What can fans get through Xiang Chao? ①Cheap tickets for scenic spots.   ②Free hotels and local food. ③Watching football matches.   ④Knowing Hunan’s traditional culture. A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①③④ 4． Which part of a magazine may the passage be taken from? A．Sports. B．Health. C．Travel. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了2025年湖南足球超级联赛（“湘超”）的赛事特点、草根精神及其文化推广作用。 1．细节理解题。根据文章“It was held from September to December in 2025.”可知，赛事从9月持续到12月，共4个月。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据文章“One famous team is Yongzhou’s ‘Beggar Team’. They got this name because they have very simple facilities and little money.”可知，永州队因设施简陋、资金匮乏而得名“乞丐队”。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据文章“Fans can get cheap tickets to scenic spots, hotels, and local food.”可知，球迷能获得景点、酒店和本地美食的优惠票，并不是免费票，②不符合文意，应排除。故选C。 4．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文围绕足球赛事展开，提到比赛形式、球员精神及文化推广，属于体育类内容，应选自杂志的“体育”板块。故选A。 1 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题07 阅读理解之推理判断题 目录 01·考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02·时空导航·网络构建 3 03·题型通关·靶向突破 3 考点一 题型破解 4 一、题型特点 4 二、设问方式 4 三、选项规律 4 考点二 解题要点 5 一、隐含信息题 5 二、观点态度题 7 三、写作意图题 9 四、细节判断题 12 04·优题精选·练能提分 14 题型 考查形式 2025年 2024年 2023年 阅读理解之推理判断题 ☑选择题 □非选择题 湖南省卷23… 长沙卷30… 湖南省卷26；31.. 长沙卷26；29.. 长沙卷：28；29；30… 地方卷考察1-2题推理判断题 考情分析 一、命题特点分析 1. 命题立意：强调价值引领与“学以致用”——试卷不仅仅是语言能力测试，更是育人工具。命题紧密围绕“人与自我、人与社会、人与自然”三大主题，并大量融入中华优秀传统文化、科技强国、生态保护等时代主题，旨在引导学生形成正确的价值观。最大的转变是推动从“解题”到“解决问题”的质变，例如通过计算家庭出行费用等真实任务考查实际应用能力。 2. 素材选择：体裁多样且高度情境化——选材体裁极为丰富，除传统记叙文、说明文外，还广泛使用通知、海报、书信、手账、诗歌等多模态文本。所有题目都设置在真实、新颖的情境中，贴近学生生活与社会现实，要求学生在近似现实的语言环境中理解与表达。 3. 文本格局：结构创新与信息整合——为考查综合能力，文本组织形式出现重大创新： 组合式文本：如将两篇逻辑衔接的叙事文本作为一篇完形填空，要求把握整体情节与跨段落逻辑。 非连续性文本：在阅读中融合图表、图示、英英注释，考查跨媒介信息整合能力。 跨学科融合：语篇内容涉及物理实验、生物知识、地理信息等，考查学生运用多学科知识解决问题的能力。 4. 题型创新：思维层级提升与个性化表达——在保持试卷结构稳定的前提下，题型设计更强调高阶思维和开放性： 阅读：新增文章体裁分析题；增加对作者意图、观点辨析、主旨归纳等深层理解能力的考查比例。 书面表达：多地期中期末以及平时训练采用“图文结合” 的命题方式，鼓励学生个性化表达，评分更注重逻辑连贯与语言丰富性，反对模板化。 二、命题思路总结 当前中考英语命题的核心思路可概括为 “一核四维”： · 一个核心：以英语学科核心素养（语言能力、文化意识、思维品质、学习能力）为考查核心，全面体现育人导向。 四个维度： 1. 情境真实化：在真实或仿真的生活场景中设置任务，考查语言运用。 2. 思维高阶化：减少对表层信息的机械考查，增加分析、推理、评价、创新等高阶思维能力的比重。 3. 载体创新化：通过文本组合、多模态、跨学科等创新载体，考查信息整合与综合解决问题的能力。 命题预测 一、主题预测 推理判断题将更依赖能承载深层逻辑、文化内涵和价值判断的语篇。预测将集中在以下方向： · 逻辑严密的叙事与论述：情节有转折、人物情感复杂或有明确因果链条的故事；以及探讨社会现象、科技伦理的议论文。这类文本为推断人物动机、情感变化和作者观点提供了空间。 · 多元文化与国际视野：涉及中外文化对比、跨文化交流、国际热点（如环境保护、科技合作）的语篇。题目可能要求推断文化差异、作者态度或事件影响。 · 渗透德育与价值判断：蕴含友爱、诚信、责任、生态保护等主题的语篇。考题可能引导学生推断行为背后的品质、故事的寓意或做出正确的价值选择。 二、题型预测 隐含信息题 观点态度题 写作意图题 细节判断题 考点一 题型破解 一、题型特点 推理判断题是中考英语阅读理解中考查思维深度和逻辑能力的关键题型。其特点如下： · 定义与考查方式：题目要求考生基于文章已明确陈述的信息，进行一步合理的逻辑延伸，从而推断出作者未直接说明的隐含意义、观点、意图或结论。解答的核心是 “立足原文，合理推断” ，其答案无法通过简单的信息定位直接获得，必须经过分析、综合等思维过程。 · 命题分布与类型：主要考查四个维度的推理能力： 1. 推断隐含信息（低频）：如人物关系、事件原因、事物发展趋势等。 2. 推断观点态度：如作者或文中人物对某事的情感倾向（支持、反对、中立等）。 3. 推断写作意图：判断作者撰写文章的根本目的（如告知、说服、娱乐、警示）。 4. 推断文本特征：推测文章出处、目标读者或下文可能内容。 二、设问方式 题干中通常包含以下标志性词语，表明需要进行推理判断： 1. 推断隐含信息： What can we infer from Paragraph X? What does the author imply/suggest by saying “…”? We can learn from the passage that ______. 2. 推断观点态度： What is the author’s attitude toward …? How does the writer feel about …? 3. 推断写作意图： What is the main purpose of this passage? Why does the author mention the example of …? 4. 推断文本特征： Where is this text most probably taken from? Who is the passage mainly written for? What might the author talk about next? 三、选项规律 掌握正确选项与干扰项的特征是解题关键。 类别 特征 释义与示例 正确选项规律 间接性 是原文信息的同义转述、合理延伸或逻辑结论，不会照搬原句。 支撑性 在原文中总能找到一处或多处信息作为间接依据。 逻辑性 推断过程严谨，结论与文章主旨、基调及事实完全一致。 错误选项（干扰项）规律 原文直述 是原文明确写出的细节，未经过任何推断，属于“张冠李戴”到推理题中。 过度推断 虽然基于原文，但添加了原文没有的假设，进行了多步跳跃或极端化推导。 偏离主旨 推断结论与文章的中心思想、整体情感倾向或事实相矛盾。 无中生有 选项内容在原文中完全找不到任何依据，属于凭空捏造。 混淆态度 将作者态度与他人态度混淆，或将客观陈述误认为主观倾向。 考点二 解题要点 一、推断隐含信息 1. 解题步骤 解答此类题目，核心是完成从“文本信息”到“隐含结论”的一步合理逻辑跨越。建议遵循以下四步路径： 第1步：定位关键信息——根据题干关键词（如人名、核心事件），迅速定位至原文相关的1-2个句子或意群。这通常是推论的起点。 第2步：分析逻辑关系——仔细研读定位句及其上下文，剖析其中的逻辑关系（如因果、转折、对比、时间顺序）和情感线索（如褒贬词汇、语气强弱）。这是推断的桥梁。 第3步：进行合理推断——基于文本信息和分析出的逻辑/情感，结合基本常识，进行一步合理且必要的逻辑推导，得出原文未明言但意欲表达的结论。 第4步：验证匹配选项——将你的推断结论与各选项比对。选择有最强文本依据、逻辑最直接的选项，并排除“过度推断”或“无文本支撑”的干扰项。 2. 解题原则 原则名称 核心释义 典型错误 / 注意事项 文本依据原则 所有推断必须源于文本，在原文中有明确的线索（事实、逻辑词、情感词）作为支撑。 主观臆断：脱离文本，仅凭个人经验或感觉猜测。 一步推断原则 推断应是基于文本的单步逻辑延伸，结论与文本证据间有直接、紧凑的逻辑关系。 过度推断：进行多步、连锁或过度解读，添加原文没有的信息。 逻辑自洽原则 推断出的结论必须与原文整体主旨、已知事实及其他部分信息保持一致，不能相互矛盾。 以偏概全：仅依据局部细节得出与全文基调冲突的结论。 最佳证据原则 当多个选项看似都可能时，选择文本依据最直接、逻辑关系最简明的选项。 犹豫不决：被看似“有道理”但依据薄弱的选项迷惑，忽略最贴合原文证据的选项。 【典例1-1】I am not a perfect person. In a sense, I think I’m selfish (自私的). But you don’t have to be a perfect, selfless person to volunteer. In fact, I have benefited (受益) a lot from volunteering. Volunteering helps others, and it can also help yourself, too. The biggest benefit of volunteering is that it helps you develop your character (品质), and that’s the passport to a rich and meaningful life. 1. Which of the following would Emily most probably agree with? A. Use it or lose it. B. Old habits die hard. C. Giving is receiving. 【答案】C 【解析】推理判断题。根据“Volunteering helps others, and it can also help yourself, too”可知Emily认为做志愿者既能帮助别人，也能帮助自己，即付出就是收获。故选C。 【迁移运用1-1】Andy never wanted to go to bed on time. His parents didn’t know what to do until one weekend when they visited Andy’s grandparents. Grandpa Peter heard all about it and said, “ This sounds like a job for Tubby, my fat cat. “ So they put Tubby in the car and drove back home. 1. What was Grandpa like? A．Serious and strict. B．Interesting and creative. C．Gentle and patient 【迁移运用1-2】…These unusual robots seem to be doing good jobs, but they still need help from people. People control robots with a computer or a remote control (遥控器) and a VR headset (虚拟现实头盔). Scientists say robots can help in more places and play a more important part in the near future. 1. We can infer (推断) that from the 4th paragraph. A．There will be fewer robots in our homes to do good jobs. B．These special robots can't work without people's help. C．There are four ways to order the robots to do all things. 二、观点态度题 1. 解题步骤 解答此类题目，核心是捕捉并分析文本中的情感与评价性线索，推断作者或人物的立场。建议遵循以下三步路径： 第1步：定位情感信号——根据题干关键词（如作者、人物名、讨论对象），快速定位到原文中表达看法、评价或感受的句子。重点寻找： · 直接表态的陈述句。 · 带有感情色彩的形容词、副词（如 wonderful, unfortunately）。 · 表达评价的动词（如 praise, criticize, support）。 · 特殊句式或标点（如反问句、感叹号）。 第2步：分析态度倾向——仔细分析定位到的信号词和上下文，判断其情感色彩： · 辨别褒贬：判断词汇是正面、负面还是中性。 · 关注转折：重点分析“but, however, actually”等转折词后的内容，这往往是真实态度的关键。 · 结合语境：将局部态度与段落主旨、文章写作目的相联系。 第3步：匹配验证选项——将分析出的态度倾向与选项进行匹配验证： · 直接匹配：将推断出的态度（如“批评的”）与选项中的概括词（如 critical）对应。 · 排除干扰：坚决排除“无中生有”、“过度拔高”、“混淆主体”（如将文中人物态度误当作作者态度）的选项。 2. 解题原则 原则名称 核心释义 典型错误 / 注意事项 信号词锁定原则 态度推断必须基于文本中客观存在的情感词汇、评价性语句或修辞手法等信号，不能凭空感受。 主观感觉：仅凭文章话题或个人好恶猜测态度，而非基于文本证据。 主体一致原则 必须严格区分并明确题干所问的态度主体（是作者还是文中特定人物）以及态度对象（针对什么事/人）。 张冠李戴：将文中某个人物的态度错误地归结为作者的态度。 客观文本优先原则 当文章以客观陈述事实、数据为主，无明显情感信号时，作者态度通常为客观（objective）或中立（neutral）。 过度解读：对一篇说明文或新闻报道强加“支持”或“反对”的主观态度。 基调统一原则 推断出的具体态度应与文章的整体基调、写作目的和主旨保持一致，不能发生矛盾。 以偏概全：抓住一个细节性情感词（如“挑战”），忽略全文积极进取的基调，误判为“消极”。 【典例】…There are so many acceptable exercise snacks, like doing sit-ups, jumping rope or running up and down some stairs (楼梯). But for those who don't know where to start, here are some helpful exercise choices: Exercises such as lifting weights will satisfy the needs. Since most people don't keep weights at their offices, lift full water bottles. Squats (深蹲) — moving your body as if to sit down while keeping your back straight. Five to ten of these should make a good snack. For those who don't like traditional exercises, simply turn up the music. Pick a lively song and start dancing. It'll make for a fun workout. What are you waiting for? Let's get moving. Your body will thank you for it! 1. What is the writer's attitude (态度) to exercise snacks? A．Doubtful. B．Unclear. C．Supportive. 【答案】C 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段What are you waiting for? Let's get moving. Your body will thank for it!可知，作者呼吁大家行动起来，他认为零食式锻炼对身体有好处，故选C。 【迁移运用2-1】As major domestic (国内的) official media have pointed out, pre-made food, as a product of industrial food production, has its advantages that cannot be replaced. It meets the needs for fast meals in a fast-paced society, helps food businesses cut costs and workers, and improves efficiency. What’s more, it can reduce food waste through standard rules. However, problems cannot be ignored (忽视). First, food safety is a top worry. If there is no proper check, long-term storage and complex supply chains may bring risks like microbe pollution. Second, the lack of clear information breaks consumers’ right to know that many restaurants use pre-made food without telling customers, and customers pay for what they think is freshly cooked dishes. Third, some products have quality problems, such as using too many additives (添加剂) to make food last longer. 1. What is the author’s attitude towards pre-made food? A．Totally disagree, because it’s not safe. B．Thinks it’s good but needs strict management C．Fully supports it, because it has no disadvantages. 【迁移运用2-2】China’s EV industry is now facing both challenges and chances. It’s reported that 71% of EV brands cut prices in 2023. EV makers without the ability of innovation (创新) will face growing risks. In order to be both green and smart, Chinese EV makers are trying hard to improve technologies like battery quality and AI support. At the same time, the government is adding even more charging points (充电站). On the other hand, more Chinese people are aware of the environmental problems. They know they should do something for them. It is encouraging more buyers to choose EVs. EVs are the way of the future. In an ideal world, everyone benefits from innovation and green transport. Some might get there sooner than others and will gain greater rewards. It is very likely that China will hold the lead. 1. What’s the writer’s attitude (态度) towards the future of China’s EV industry? A．Uncertain. B．Hopeful. C．Doubtful. 三、写作意图题 解答此类题目，可遵循“一体裁、二手段、三匹配”的分析路径。 第一步：判断文章体裁，圈定意图范围——快速辨识文章体裁，因为不同体裁通常有典型的写作目的。 · 记叙文/故事：意图常为 分享经历、传递感悟、娱乐读者。 · 说明文/科普文：意图常为 解释事物、提供知识、说明情况。 · 议论文/评论：意图常为 说服读者、表达观点、提出倡议。 · 广告/通知：意图常为 推广产品、告知信息、号召行动。 第二步：分析内容与手段，寻找意图线索——细读文章，分析作者如何使用内容与写作手段来服务其目的。 · 看核心内容：文章主要是在讲故事、讲道理，还是列事实？ · 看论述方式：作者是否用了大量例子、数据来说服？是否在结尾提出呼吁或建议？ · 看语言风格：语言是客观平实的，还是充满感染力和号召力的？ 第三步：匹配意图类型，验证选项——将第二步的分析结果，与第一步圈定的意图范围进行匹配，并对照选项。 · 关键匹配：将“作者所做的”（内容与手段）与“作者想达到的”（意图类型）联系起来。 · 核心验证：牢记 “作者意图 ≠ 文章内容本身” 。例如，一篇详细介绍空气污染危害的文章，其内容 是“说明危害”，但其根本意图很可能是“呼吁保护环境”（to persuade）。 2. 解题原则 原则名称 核心释义 典型错误与教学提示 目的高于内容原则 必须区分文章的表面话题和作者的深层目的。目的是作者希望通过文章对读者产生的“影响”或“效果”。 错误：将文章主要内容当作写作目的。 示例：文章讲“如何回收”，目的是“教会方法”(to inform)或“鼓励回收”(to persuade)，而非仅仅是“谈论回收”。 文本证据原则 推断出的写作意图必须在文章中有明确的内容安排、论述逻辑或语言风格作为支撑。 错误：脱离文本，凭常识猜测某一话题的“通常”目的。 提示：引导学生寻找“作者用了什么方法让我这么想？”的证据。 文体匹配原则 最终的意图判断必须与文章的体裁特征和整体风格高度吻合。 错误：为一则故事性广告选择“to entertain”而忽略了其核心的“to persuade”。 提示：不同文体有主要意图，但常有复合目的（如“寓教于乐”）。 整体判断原则 应基于对文章整体（尤其是开头、结尾及反复强调处）的把握进行判断，而非仅依据某个局部细节。 错误：因文中有一个有趣的故事，就将一篇议论文的意图判断为“to entertain”。 提示：局部细节服务于整体意图。 【典例】…Regretfully, my own grandparents weren't around when I was little, as they had already passed away. I never got to learn what the world was like through their eyes, or what kinds of problems they might have faced when they were my age. To me, their lives will always be a mystery — hard to understand or explain. However, I think I can still learn from other people of older generations (辈). I might find some of their ideas out of date, and they might believe that my generation's way of thinking is strange or incorrect. But we can still learn from each other anyway. 1. What is the main purpose of the text? A．To explain why the world's population ages. B．To encourage different generations to learn from each other. C．To show that older generations' ways of thinking are incorrect. 【答案】B 【解析】推理判断题。根据句子However, I think I can still learn from other people of older generations (辈). I might find some of their ideas out of date, and they might believe that my generation's way of thinking is strange or incorrect. But we can still learn from each other anyway. 然而，我认为我仍然可以向其他老一辈人学习。我可能会发现他们的一些想法过时了，他们可能会认为我们这一代人的思维方式是奇怪的或不正确的。但无论如何，我们仍然可以相互学习。可知本文想要说明老年人和年轻人这两个群体都有很多可以相互学习的地方，故选B。 【迁移运用3-1】How can we protect our ears? We'd better keep the volume low when we use our headphones. We should be able to hear sounds around us. And other people shouldn't hear noise from our headphones. "If I can hear what you're listening to when you're wearing your headphones," Clark says, "It's too loud." To protect our ears, keep our headphones at about half volume. 1. What's the main purpose of the last paragraph? A．To give advice. B．To show problems C．To explain reasons. 【迁移运用3-2】After enjoying it, people find the new "Summer" now sounds noisier and more powerful. Because of global warming (全球变暖), the other three seasons have become shorter. Costa says he expects people to feel "really sad" after listening to the new Four Seasons. "I really want more people to become truly aware of (意识到) what is happening to our planet," says Costa. "And I believe Vivaldi would not be angry with my changes." 1. Why did Hache Costa give the old work a fresh feel? A．To call on more people to love music. B．To raise public awareness of climate change. C．To present the story of Antonio Vivaldi's colorful life. 四、细节判断题 1. 解题步骤 此题型解题需从“宏观特征”入手，而非“微观细节”定位。 第一步：识别文本特征——通读全文，快速抓取并分析以下核心特征： · 文体特征：文章是故事、新闻、广告、说明书还是科普文？有无特殊格式（如标题、价格、联系方式）？ · 内容要素：核心话题是什么？涉及商品交易、生活指南、事件报道还是知识讲解？ · 语言风格：语言是正式客观、生动有趣、简洁鼓动还是严谨专业？ 第二步：匹配常识与逻辑——将第一步识别出的特征，与生活常识和逻辑规律进行匹配推断： · 推断出处：具有时效性和导语结构的可能是新闻报道；介绍产品并有联系方式的通常是广告；结构严谨、术语较多的可能来自科普杂志或教材。 · 推断读者：语言浅显、话题生活化的可能面向普通大众或学生；内容专业、术语密集的则可能针对专业人士或爱好者。 · 推断后续：依据文章逻辑脉络（如提出问题-分析问题、介绍现象-探讨原因），预测最可能延续的方向。 · 推断手法：分析段落如何引入话题（如用问题、故事、数据或对比）。 第三步：验证选项——将推断结论与选项比对，选择特征匹配度最高、最合乎逻辑的一项。 2. 解题原则 原则名称 核心释义 与推理判断题的核心差异 文体敏感性原则 判断必须基于对文章整体体裁和形式特征的敏锐把握。 推理题侧重于对内容内在逻辑的推断；细节判断题侧重于对文本外部特征和功能的识别。 常识关联原则 需合理调动关于不同文本类型（如新闻、广告、指南）在现实世界中如何呈现、为谁服务的普遍性常识。 推理题的推断严格限制在文本内部证据链；细节判断题的推断需依赖文本外部的生活经验和常识。 整体证据原则 判断依据是散布在全文的综合性特征（如格式、风格、主题），而非某一两句的细节。 推理题可以基于局部关键句进行推断；细节判断题必须基于全文基调与特征进行综合判断。 客观推断原则 答案通常是最具普遍性、最客观的推断，避免主观臆测或过度个人化的解读。 两者都要求客观，但细节判断题的答案（如文章出处）在现实中有更客观、公认的对应类别。 【典例】…Do you have a conversation on your phone while talking to another person face to face? Do you scroll (上下滑动) through your phone while eating with someone for fear of missing out? If your answer is yes to either of them, you might be a “phubber”. 1. How does the writer introduce the word “phubber” in Paragraph 3? A. By raising questions. B. By listing numbers. C. By giving reasons. 【答案】A 【解析】细节判断题。根据“Do you have a conversation on your phone while talking to another person face to face? Do you scroll (上下滑动) through your phone while eating with someone for fear of missing out?”可知，作者在第三段通过提出问题介绍“phubber”这个词。故选A。 【迁移运用4-1】I suppose this is quite an interesting idea. For one thing, we live in a world where there are more and more old people. The world is facing this problem and its population ages. It will be important for young people to be able to understand and care for the elderly in the coming years. Regretfully, my own grandparents weren't around when I was little, as they had already passed away. I never got to learn what the world was like through their eyes, or what kinds of problems they might have faced when they were my age. To me, their lives will always be a mystery — hard to understand or explain. 1. How does the writer develop his/her idea in this text? A．By giving examples. B．By listing numbers. C．By raising questions. 【迁移运用4-2】 1. In which part of a newspaper may we read the text? A．Health. B．Science. C．Language. Passage 1 From: School Health Club health@school.com To: All Students Subject: Global Kid Obesity & School Activity    Date: Oct. 15, 2025 Hi everyone, Our club shares an alarming UNICEF report: For kids aged 5-19, 9.4% are obese (heavier than healthy weight)—this is more than the 9.2% who are underweight. Obese kids may get type 2 diabetes (糖尿病) when older. Why? Ultra-processed foods (UPFs) like cookies and chips are easy to buy and have lots of sugar. To stay healthy, we’ll hold “Healthy Eating Week” (Oct. 20-26).Activities: ①Doctors will talk about UPFs on Oct. 20. ②Bring fruits instead of snacks to school that week. Any questions? Tell us at health@school.com! School Health Club 1． What would students do in the coming week according to the e-mail? A．Learn about UPFs. B．Buy more cookies. C．Bring snacks to school. 2． What can we learn from the e-mail? A．There are far fewer obese kids than underweight kids. B．UPFs may stop kids aged 5-19 from getting obese. C．“Healthy Eating Week” is held to develop better eating habits. Passage 2 As a country powerful in math, China has many folk games full of math wisdom (智慧). You may play many of them before. Let’s take a look at three of them. Chinese nine linked rings puzzle It’s believed that the nine linked rings puzzle was created in the Western Han Dynasty. And it is usually made up of nine rings connected to a handle (手柄). Players have to remove (移除) all the rings from the handle to win the game. This is not a simple game. The solution takes 341 moves, so lots of patience is required. But if you learn to solve it, it’s hard to forget. Tangram First popular in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the tangram is a puzzle made up of seven pieces of different shapes. For each puzzle, players need to use all the pieces to make a shape. To do it, players have to know about geometry (几何学). In the 18th century, the tangram was brought to the West and soon became popular there. Luban lock The Luban lock was first created by Lu Ban 2,000 years ago. The lock has a lot to do with solid geometry (立体几何). It’s hard to separate the six pieces. However, it is usually easier to unlock a Luban lock than to put it back together. Now, there are Luban locks made up of nine or more pieces. 1． From the passage we can learn that ________. A．the tangram was brought to the West in the 19th century B．it is usually more difficult to unlock a Luban lock than to put it back together C．players have to remove nine rings from the handle to win the nine linked rings puzzle 2． Where can you probably read the passage? A．In a storybook. B．In a science book. C．In a travel magazine. Passage 3 I spent this holiday with my uncle. He loved to go on walks to collect stones. One day, he bought me a backpack, asked me to go to the mountain with him and carry the stones. The whole day we walked around. Every now and then he put stones in our bags. To my surprise, he also took some stones out from our bags. But I thought he had just found better stones. When I returned to the house, I was very tired. The backpack was so heavy that I felt relaxed when I put it down. Yet my uncle’s backpack was half empty. “Why did you put so many stones into my backpack?” I asked. “I didn’t. You did,” he said. “You didn’t know it, but I gave you a test today. I listened to every word you said. Whenever you were complaining (抱怨), I added a stone to your bag. Whenever you talked about something with positive (积极的) thinking, I took out a stone. And now look at your backpack.” My backpack was full of stones. “Your negative (消极的) thoughts are like stones. You carry them in your mind just like those stones in your backpack. The more negative thoughts, the heavier your mind.” With great love, my uncle taught me one of the most important lessons in life. 1． How did the writer feel when his uncle took some stones out from his bag? A．Tired. B．Surprised. C．Excited. 2． The underlined word “them” refers to . A．stones B．lessons C．negative thoughts 3． According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true? A．The uncle took some stones out from the bags because he had found better ones. B．When they got back home, the writer found his uncle’s bag was half empty. C．The writer’s bag was full of stones because he complained a lot all the way. 4． What can we learn from this passage? A．We should be positive about life. B．Carrying stones is good for us. C．We shouldn’t learn from the writer’s uncle. Passage 4 Soccer is the world's most popular sport, played by people in over  200 countries. But do you know how it began? The earliest form of soccer started in China over 2, 000 years ago during the Han Dynasty (朝代). At that time, Chinese soldiers played a game called “cuju” to keep themselves fit for fighting. This game became so well-liked that even emperors were interested in watching it. It was a fun and useful activity for both the body and the mind. The modern soccer began in England. Before 1863, different schools had different rules for playing. Some schools allowed players to use their hands, while others didn’t. This caused some problems. In October, 1863, people from eleven London schools got together and decided on common rules. This important meeting led to the creation of the first soccer group and made soccer an official sport. Many important changes happened later. In 1872, the size of the ball was fixed at 28 inches (英尺) around, and we still use this standard today. The first World Cup tournament (锦标赛) took place in 1930 in Uruguay. Only 13 teams took part in that time. Now, more than 200 teams try hard to get into this competition. The winning team gets to lift up a special gold cup. From its simple start to today’s large fields filled with excited cheering fans, soccer’s story shows how a great idea can develop and become loved by people all over the world. As the famous player Pelé said, “Soccer is more than just a game— it brings people together.” When you next watch a soccer match, remember all the long history behind it! 1． Why did Chinese soldiers play “cuju” according to Paragraph 1? A．To have fun. B．To make emperors interested in it. C．To stay strong and prepare for the war. 2． How many teams took part in the first World Cup tournament? A．13. B．28. C．200. 3．In what order is the article written? A．Logical (逻辑的) order. B．Time order. C．Space order. 4． What is the main idea of the passage? A．The reasons why soccer became the world's most popular sport. B．The differences between ancient Chinese cuju and modern soccer. C．The history and development of soccer from ancient times to today. Passage 5 Think about how much time you spent outside last week. Really “outside”. Now think about how much time you spent indoors—on the Internet or playing video games or watching TV. “Kids today spend two fewer hours per week on sports and outdoor activities than kids did 20 years ago. Non-moving activities are more popular. The cost includes obesity (肥胖), greater stress, higher rates of physical and emotional illness and less joy…,” says Richard Louv, writer of Last Child in the Woods: Saving Our Children from Nature-Deficit Disorder. Play is important, even for adults. Just getting outdoors does wonders. Outdoor activity betters your senses. The next time you sit down to message your friends, take note of your senses during and after your texting. Then do the same experiment after you’ve done something outside. You will find being outdoors brings the senses to life. “Hiking, exploring, and fishing help train all of your senses,” says Betsy Keller. She’s a professor of exercise and sports sciences at Ithaca College in New York. “Smell, sight... all of your senses are in use when you’re outside.” Outdoor play frees your mind. Are you stressed out? Having trouble putting your mind to what you’re doing? Too much time indoors—away from the natural world—may be a cause. Spending time outdoors brings you closer to the environment. When you’re out, breathe fresh air, hear the leaves crackle (发出噼啪声) underfoot and search cool birds and plants in the woods. It can help you feel more connected to the natural world. No woods nearby? Nature can be found right outside your back door or in your local park. 1． How does the writer first introduce the topic of outdoor play? A．By comparing the facts. B．By presenting the results of a recent study. C．By inviting the reader to think about the questions. 2． What’s Richard Louv’s opinion on “Non-moving activities are more popular.”? A．He feels worried. B．He thinks that it is acceptable. C．He holds the view that it’s good. 3． Which of the following is a good way to enjoy outdoor play? A．Having a yard party with family and friends. B．Watching the movies about nature and outdoor play. C．Playing a video game of making a tree house in the local park. 4．What is the best title of the text? A．Should We Play Outdoors or Indoors? B．Outdoor Time: Benefits Beyond Imagination C．Non-moving Activities: Avoiding Outdoor Accidents Passage 6 All of us may have experienced embarrassing moments. It could have been the time when you pronounced a simple word wrong in class, wore your T-shirt backwards, talked about someone else without realizing that they were right behind you, or secretly tried to take a picture of someone while the flash was on. Though these embarrassing moments don’t harm us a lot, they come back from time to time and make us feel upset. Even if these moments may have faded (消失) after some time, we would always remember the feeling of strong embarrassment. In fact, these feelings may last for years. When these kinds of feelings return, they are known as a “cringe attack (羞愧综合征)”. I personally get a quite uncomfortable feeling when I think back on a party my parents took me to when I was younger. I ate a bowl of strawberries by myself. My parents shouted at me in front of everyone—for being so selfish. From then on every time I put a strawberry into my mouth, my brain just throws that embarrassing scene back. Why do these “cringe attacks” still pop up in our daily lives even though the actual events happened weeks, months, or even years ago? According to researchers, our brains give special attention to feelings that can be easily noticed. The stronger the feeling is, the stronger the memory will be. If you have a highly embarrassing or highly emotional (情绪激动的) moment, no matter what it is, your brain will try to catch it. So how can we deal with this? Well, we can start by trying to be more objective (客观的) about our past selves. Consider that you are not alone in your embarrassment—everyone fails or makes silly, embarrassing mistakes. Instead of just trying to forget what we did, we should try to accept who we were at that moment and think about how we can change for the better. 1．The writer talks about his own experience in Paragraph 3 ________. A．to show his love for strawberries B．to give an example of cringe attacks C．to explain that he was not really selfish 2．According to Paragraph 4, the more emotional we are, ________. A．the more exciting life we will live B．the shorter the event will stay in our memory C．the better we will remember about the event 3．What’s the writer’s suggestion about dealing with embarrassing moments? A．Taking them seriously. B．Just forgetting about them. C．Trying to improve ourselves. 4．The structure of the passage may be ________. A． B． C． Passage 7 Humans have a close relationship with animals. They show their love, understanding and respect for animals in the culture. Tigers, for example, play an important cultural role in many Asian countries. In the book Life of Pi, the writer chose a Bengal Tiger as the partner for the Indian boy Pi on his exciting journey in the Pacific Ocean. In Western countries, although lions are regarded as the king of all the animals, and even brave soldiers are given the name “the lion”, tigers are also seen as a very powerful animal. In English, if you want someone to calm down, you can say to them, “easy tiger”. Another famous phrase is “Eye of the Tiger”, which means power and strength. And when children plan to climb the tree for birds’ eggs, parents often warn them by saying “Don’t try to pull a tooth from the tiger’s mouth.” ___________. The animal zodiac system (十二生肖) is one of the examples. 2022 is the Year of the Tiger. Do you know anyone born in the Year of the Tiger? What’s their personality like? Are they brave, strong, and also sympathetic (富有同情心)? If so, then they are a typical “tiger”. Tigers are considered the king of all the animals in China. They are a symbol of power, energy and protection. That’s why people put up pictures of tigers on the walls of temples (寺庙) and houses in the hope of being protected from danger. Besides the animal zodiac system, Chinese people also show their connection with animals in other ways. 1． In the West, what animal is thought to be the king of all the animals? A．The tiger. B．The lion. C．The ox. 2． Why do people often put up pictures of tigers on the walls? A．Because tigers are brave, strong and will not hurt people. B．Because tigers stand for power, energy and protection. C．Because such pictures can protect people from all kinds of danger. 3． Which can best replace “_______” in the passage? A．Tigers are very popular in the world. B．Most people think tigers are very powerful. C．In China, people seem to be more creative. 4． According to the last paragraph, what may be talked about next? A．Other animals in the animal zodiac system. B．Paper-cuttings in the shape of animals. C．The ancient Chinese buildings. Passage 8 When you are trying to make friends, you’ll probably meet someone who just doesn’t like you, though you’ve never done anything personally to him or her. What should you do? Here’s some advice. Gossip (流言蜚语) can make meeting new people difficult, especially when people hear something bad about you. It can stop someone from getting to know you at all. When you are in a situation like this, it feels awful. However, you should just be yourself instead of working hard to try to win them over. In time, they will see that the gossip about you is wrong. Or, they may choose to believe it. Don’t worry about it and move on by friending the people who deserve (值得) to have you in their life. You’d think that your friend’s friends would also become your friends. But it doesn’t work that way. Sometimes people are happy with the friendship they have, and they aren’t interested in adding any more. If someone chooses not to be friends with you just because you’re new to the group, it’s fine. There is nothing wrong about you or them. An even more difficult situation is when someone has actually met you and just doesn’t like you. Every joke you make is taken the wrong way. Every time you try to do something nice, they find fault (找茬). As much as it hurts, accept that not everyone is going to be your friend. Don’t take it personally. These things could happen to everyone. There are just some people you’re not going to make friends with. In friendship, it’s important to focus on the bright sides with people. If someone doesn’t want to be your friend, that’s okay. Don’t get mad at them because it’s their choice. Instead, give your time and attention to the people that are interested in hanging out with you. 1． What should you do if someone doesn’t like you without any personal reason? A．Try hard to win them over. B．Be yourself and move on. C．Ignore everyone else. 2． How should you react if someone in a friend group doesn’t want to be friends with you? A．Get upset and confront them. B．Accept their choice and focus on other friendships. C．Try to change their mind. 3． What is a common reaction when someone misunderstands your jokes? A．Laugh it off and move on. B．Take it personally and get upset. C．Accept that not everyone will be your friend. 4． What is the key to building friendships according to the text? A．Focusing on the negative parts of people. B．Giving time and attention to those who appreciate you. C．Trying to please everyone. Passage 9 On December 4, 2024, the Spring Festival, the most important festival in China, was added to the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH) of Humanity by UNESCO (联合国教科文组织人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录). It starts on the first day of the lunar calendar and usually falls between January 21st and February 20th. What do people do during the Spring Festival? Here are some activities. People visit temples to wish for good luck. The temple fairs are held in many places, attracting a large number of visitors. These fairs include traditional performances like traditional Chinese opera. The dragon and lion dance can also be seen in some places. The dance is performed to scare away evil spirits (恶灵). The family reunion dinner is a must. There are many kinds of special dishes like dumplings, sticky rice cakes, fried meatballs, and braised fish (红烧鱼). The Spring Festival is a time for reunion, hope and joy, and it plays an important role in Chinese culture and traditions. The traditions and customs of the Spring Festival have been passed down from generation to generation. It has also become a very popular celebration for people all over the world. As its influence increases worldwide, the Spring Festival has been considered as a symbol of Chinese culture that is widely accepted, recognized (认同) and appreciated. 1． How does the writer start the passage? A．By showing a picture. B．By asking a question. C．By telling a fact. 2． Which activity is NOT mentioned in the passage? A．The temple fairs. B．The New Year paintings. C．The dragon and lion dance. 3． Put the sentences in the right order according to the passage. ①People visit temples to wish for good luck. ②The Spring Festival is the time for the family reunion dinner. ③The Spring Festival was added to the Representative List of ICH. ④The traditions and customs of the Spring Festival have been passed down. A．③①②④ B．③②①④ C．④①③② 4． What’s the writer’s attitude (态度) towards the Spring Festival? A．Disappointed. B．Upset. C．Proud. Passage 10 Hunan Super League, or “Xiang Chao” in Chinese, is a soccer game among cities in Hunan. It was held from September to December in 2025. The matches were so popular that millions of people watched them on the field (球场) or on TV. The players come from different backgrounds—sellers, drivers, students, and so on. They are between 16 and 40 years old. But once they wear their team uniforms and step onto the field, they play for one thing: their love of football. What makes Xiang Chao special is its grassroots spirit (草根精神). One famous team is Yongzhou’s “Beggar Team”. They got this name because they have very simple facilities (设施) and little money. They even borrow scoreboards from train stations and use bus seats for fans. Still, their hard work and love for football made them Internet stars. Xiang Chao is not just about football. It also helps share Hunan’s culture. Fans can get cheap tickets to scenic spots (景点), hotels, and local food. There are also events like opera and tea shows. Xiang Chao shows that football’s joy doesn’t come from big stadiums or famous players. It comes from love for our hometown and fans’ unity. It celebrates grassroots culture and the power of sports. 1． How long does “Xiang Chao” last in Hunan in 2025? A．For two months. B．For three months. C．For four months. 2． Why do people call the Yongzhou team the “Beggar Team”? A．Because they often ask for money. B．Because their facilities are simple. C．Because they only play on the street. 3． What can fans get through Xiang Chao? ①Cheap tickets for scenic spots.   ②Free hotels and local food. ③Watching football matches.   ④Knowing Hunan’s traditional culture. A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①③④ 4． Which part of a magazine may the passage be taken from? A．Sports. B．Health. C．Travel. 1 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $