Unit 8 Safe and sound Grammar-Further study 单词讲解2025-2026学年译林版英语八年级上册

该初中英语单元复习讲义以“词性-搭配-语境应用”为核心框架构建Unit 8词汇知识体系，通过表格梳理词形变化规律，如policeman复数policemen、postman复数postmen等不规则变化，用思维导图呈现so far、right away等固定短语用法，清晰呈现词汇重难点与语法应用的内在联系。 讲义亮点在于“词形转换+语境填空”的分层练习设计，如“avoid doing sth”动名词填空、“so far”现在完成时应用练习，巩固语言能力并培养语法分析的思维品质。基础题助学生掌握词性变化，拓展题促优秀生深化语境应用，为教师分层教学提供精准素材，支持学生自主复习易错点。

译林版英语八年级上册Unit 8 Safe and sound Grammar-Further study 单词讲解 1. heavily adv. 大量地 形容词：heavy（重的；大量的） 搭配rain heavily（下大雨） snow heavily（下大雪） 练习题 ① It rained ______ (heavy) last night, so the ground is wet. ② The snow is falling ______ (heavy) now. 2. guess vt.&vi. 猜测，估计 第三人称单数：guesses；过去式 / 分词：guessed；现在分词：guessing 搭配 guess the answer（猜答案） guess at（猜测） 练习题 ① Can you ______ (猜) how old he is? ② She ______ (guess) wrong about the result of the game. 3 hat n.（常指带檐的）帽子 复数：hats 搭配 wear a hat（戴帽子） take off one’s hat（摘下帽子） 练习题 ①These hats may be those (tour).They are taking photos over there. ② There are many beautiful ______ (hat) in the shop. 4. clear vt. 清除，清理；adj. 清晰的 副词：clearly（清晰地）；过去式 / 分词：cleared 搭配 clear the table（清理桌子） clear up（放晴；清理） 练习题 ① Please ______ (清理) the dishes after dinner. ② The sky ______ (clear) up after the rain. 5. policeman n.（男）警察 复数：policemen 搭配 call a policeman（叫警察） traffic policeman（交通警察） 练习题 ① Two ______ (policeman) came to help us with the problem. ② You can ask the traffic policeman for ______ ( direction). 6. ache n.&vi. 疼痛 第三人称单数：aches；过去式 / 分词：ached 用搭配head ache（头痛） ache all over（浑身疼痛） 练习题 ① I have a head ______ (疼痛) because I stayed up late. ② Her legs ______ (ache) after running 5 kilometers. 7. postman n. 邮递员 复数：postmen 搭配 postman delivers letters（邮递员送信） meet the postman（遇见邮递员） 练习题 ① The ______ (邮递员) brings letters to our house every morning. ② There are three ______ (postman) working in this town. 8. airport n. 机场 复数：airports 搭配 go to the airport（去机场） international airport（国际机场） 练习题 ① We need to leave early to get to the ______ (机场) on time. ② This city has a new ______ (国际的) airport. 9. passport n. 护照 复数：passports 搭配carry a passport（携带护照） passport photo（护照照片） 练习题 ① You must carry a ______ (护照) when you travel abroad. ② Could you please show your ______(passport), ladies and gentlemen? 10. close adj. 差一点儿，险些；v. 关闭 副词：closely（紧密地）；比较级：closer 搭配 close call（侥幸脱险） close to（靠近） 练习题 ① It was a ______ (险些) call—the car almost hit us. ② Our house is ______ ______ the park.我们的房子距离公园很近。 11. report vi.&vt. 报道；汇报；n. 报道 过去式 / 分词：reported；名词：reporter（记者） 搭配 report the news（报道新闻） report to（向…… 汇报） 练习题 ① Look!The journalist ______ (report) the accident to the newspaper. ② You need ______ (report) to your manager every week. 12. bush fire n. 山林大火（固定短语） 复数：bush fires 搭配 put out a bush fire（扑灭山林大火） be caused by a bush fire（由山林大火引起） 练习题 ① Many animals lost their homes in the ______ ______(山林大火). ② Bush fires （hit）parts of Australia yesterday. 13. so far 迄今为止（固定短语）=up to now---现在完成时的标志词（have/has+done) 搭配 so far this year（今年到目前为止） so far so good（到目前为止一切顺利） 练习题 ① ______ (到目前为止), we have finished half of the work. ② So far,the government (take) action to deal with plastic pollution. 14. including prep. 包括…… 在内 动词：include（包括） 搭配 including me（包括我在内） all people including（包括…… 在内的所有人） 练习题 ① Ten students went to the museum, ______ (include) Lily. ② The price ______ (include) breakfast and dinner. 15. sign n. 标牌，指示牌；v. 签名 复数：signs；过去式 / 分词：signed 搭配 road sign（道路指示牌） sign one’s name（签名） 练习题 ① What do these (sign) mean? ② He ______ (sign) his name on the document(文件). 16. avoid vt. 避免，防止 过去式 / 分词：avoided；现在分词：avoiding 搭配 avoid doing sth.（避免做某事） avoid danger（避免危险） 练习题 ① We should avoid______ (eat) too much junk food. ② He ______ (avoid) the car accident by driving carefully. 17. wound n. 伤，伤口；v. 使受伤 复数：wounds；过去式 / 分词：wounded 搭配 deep wound（深伤口） get wounded（受伤） be wounded with(被......所伤) 练习题 ① The soldier had a deep ______ (伤口) on his arm. ② Many people got ______ (wound) in the accident. ③The young man was (wound) with a knife and bled to death. 18. bleed vi. 流血，失血 过去式 / 分词：bled；现在分词：bleeding blood n.血液 搭配 bleed heavily（大量流血） stop bleeding（止血） bleed to death(流血而死) 练习题 ① His nose ______ (bleed) after he fell down. ② We need to stop ______ (bleed) before the doctor comes. ③His clothes were covered with (bleed). 19. press vt.&vi. 按，压 第三人称单数：presses；过去式 / 分词：pressed；名词：pressure（压力） 搭配 press the button（按按钮） press down（按下） 练习题 ① Please ______ (按压) the button to start the machine. ② He ______ (press) the doorbell and waited for someone to open. 20. firmly adv. 紧紧地 形容词：firm（坚固的；坚定的） 搭配 hold firmly（紧紧握住） firmly believe（坚信） 练习题 ① She held ______ (firm) her mother’s hand in the crowd. ② I ______ (firm) believe that he will keep his promise. 21. right away 立即，马上（固定短语） 搭配 do sth. right away（立即做某事） call right away（马上打电话） 练习题 ① You need to go to the hospital ______ ______(立刻) if you feel sick. ② Please call me right away when you ______ (arrive). 22. tidal wave n. 海啸，潮汐波（固定短语） 复数：tidal waves 搭配 be hit by a tidal wave（遭受海啸袭击） tidal wave warning（海啸预警） 练习题 ① The coastal city was hit by a ______ (海啸) last year. ② We need to follow the tidal wave ______ (warn) to stay safe. 23. warn vt.&vi. 警告，告诫 第三人称单数：warns；过去式 / 分词：warned；名词：warning（警告） 搭配 warn sb. （not）to do sth.警告某人(不要)做某事 warn about（警告关于……） 练习题 ① The teacher warned us ______ (not run) in the hallway. ② The sign ______ (warn) people about the dangerous dog. 参考答案： 1. heavily；heavily 2. guess；guessed 3. tourists’;hats 4. clear;cleared 5. policemen;directions 6. ache；ached 7. postman；postmen 8. airport；international 9. passport；passports 10. close；close to 11. is reporting;to report 12. bush fire;hit 13. So far;has taken 14. including;includes 15. signs;signed 16. eating;avoided 17. wound;wounded;wounded 18. bled；bleeding;blood 19. press；pressed 20. firmly；firmly 21. right away;arrive 22. tidal wave；warning 23. not to run；warns 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $