Unit 4 Period 3 Discovering Useful Structures（导学案）英语人教版2019必修第二册

该高中英语导学案聚焦过去分词作定语和宾语补足语的用法，通过导入环节提问“简单句多个动词的表达方法”及“非谓语动词核心特征”，衔接已学简单句结构，构建前后知识脉络。以预习清单（核心概念填空、基础成分判断）为前置支架，课堂中分步讲解过去分词作定语的意义、位置规律及与现在分词、不定式的区别，结合即学即练巩固，再过渡到宾语补足语的逻辑关系和适用动词类型，形成从识别理解到应用的学习支架。 该资料特色在于注重语言能力与思维品质的培养，通过对比过去分词与其他非谓语形式的逻辑关系和动作特征，引导学生精准辨析，提升思维的逻辑性与准确性。应用实践环节设计小组讨论未来科技产品描述、图片故事接龙等任务，创设真实语境让学生主动运用目标结构，增强语言表达的准确性与流畅度。自我评价表帮助学生自主反思学习效果，落实学习能力的培养，助力学生从语法知识掌握到语言运用能力的转化。

Unit 4 History and Traditions Period 3 Discovering Useful Structures（导学案）原卷版 【学习目标】 1.识别并理解本单元文本中过去分词作定语和宾语补足语的用法。 2.加深对语言所反映的不同文化及历史背景的理解。 3.掌握语法学习的有效策略，如自主总结规则、对比不同形式等。 4.能在口语和书面表达中运用这两种结构，提高语言的准确性和流畅度。 【学习重难点】 教学重点 掌握过去分词作定语的意义（被动 / 完成 / 状态）、位置规律及与现在分词、不定式作定语的区别。 掌握过去分词作宾语补足语的逻辑关系（动宾 / 状态 / 完成）及五种常见适用动词类型。 教学难点 灵活运用过去分词作定语和宾语补足语，准确判断位置（前置 / 后置）和适用场景。 区分特殊动词（如 seat、hide、dress）的过去分词作宾补时的状态用法，避免混淆被动与状态含义。 在写作和口语表达中主动运用目标结构，做到语法正确、表达自然。 【预习清单】 （一）核心概念填空 非谓语动词是指不能作______的动词，包括过去分词、现在分词、不定式等。 定语是用来修饰、限定名词或代词的成分，汉语常用 “______的” 表示。 宾语补足语放在宾语之后，对宾语进行______说明，常见结构为 “及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾补”。 （二）基础成分判断（判断下列句中加粗部分的成分，填 “定语” 或 “宾补”） 1.Most people just use the shortened name: “the United Kingdom” or “the UK”.（______） 2.They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack.（______） 3.Judy and I had our car parked in an underground car park.（______） 4.We heard it announced that there were no audio guides left.（______） 【学习过程】 （一）导入（Lead In） 1.一个简单句只能有一个谓语，若有多个动词，可通过哪三种方式表达？ 2.非谓语动词的核心特征是什么？ （二）知识讲解与练习（Presentation & Practice） 一：过去分词作定语（Past Participle as Attributive） 1. 过去分词作定语的意义 动词类型 意义特征 例句 及物动词 The stolen jewels were finally recovered.（被偷的，被动 + 完成） 及物动词 The English spoken here is different from British English.（被说的，仅被动） 不及物动词 The fallen leaves covered the path.（落下的，仅完成） 即学即练 判断下列句中黑体词的意义类型（仅被动 / 仅完成 / 被动 + 完成） 1.The fallen leaves covered the path, creating a golden carpet.（______） 2.The retired workers organized a volunteer activity last week. 3.The stolen jewels were finally recovered by the police.（______） 4.The book recommended by the teacher became a best-seller.（______） 5.The English spoken here is different from British English.（______） 2. 过去分词作定语的位置 1.单个过去分词作定语：通常放在被修饰词______。例：the broken window, the retired teacher 2.过去分词短语作定语：通常放在被修饰词______，可转化为定语从句。例：The house built last year = The house which was built last year 3.特殊情况：修饰复合不定代词（something/anything 等）或指示代词 those 时，单个过去分词需______。例：nothing changed, those involved in the project 即学即练 1.Which sentence has the correct position of past participle as attributive?（______） A. The broken window needs to be repaired. B. The window broken needs to be repaired. C. There is changed nothing in the plan. D. Those invited to the party arrives at 7 p.m. 2.Which past participle must be placed after the modified word?（______） A. the fallen leaves B. the used car C. the involved parties D. the retired workers 3.同义句改写（将定语从句改为过去分词短语作定语） The students who were praised by the teacher felt encouraged. → The students ______ by the teacher felt encouraged. The letter which was mailed yesterday will arrive soon. → The letter ______ yesterday will arrive soon. He is a teacher who is loved by his students. → He is a teacher ______ by his students. 3. 过去分词与现在分词、不定式作定语的区别 形式 逻辑关系 动作特征 过去分词（done） 现在分词（doing） 现在分词（being done） 不定式（to do） 不定式（to be done） 即学即练（适当形式填空） 用括号内动词的适当形式填空 1.The question ______ (discuss) at the meeting tomorrow is of great importance. 2.The building ______ (build) now is our classroom building. 3.The novel ______ (write) by Mo Yan is worth reading. 4.China is a ______ (develop) country. 5.The visitor came from a ______ (develop) country. 6.The meeting ______ (hold) tomorrow is about environmental protection. 二：过去分词作宾语补足语（Past Participle as Object Complement） 1. 过去分词与宾语的逻辑关系 关系类型 适用场景 例句 She had her hair cut.（头发被剪） We found the leaves fallen.（叶子已落下） The teacher found the students seated.（学生坐着的状态） 即学即练（选择填空） 1.I want to have my hair ______ before the important meeting.（______） A. cut B. cutting C. to cut D. being cut 2.The teacher found the students ______ in the classroom when she returned.（______） A. Seating B. seated C. to seat D. seat 3.She was surprised to find the old photo ______ under the bed.（______） A. hiding B. hidden C. to hide D. being hidden 4.The manager had all the documents ______ by the end of the day.（______） A. preparing B. prepared C. to prepare D. being prepared 2. 过去分词作宾补的五种常见情况 适用动词类型 代表动词 结构 例句 The company keeps employees informed. He got his car repaired. I heard the song sung. She wants her room decorated. He sat with his eyes closed. 即学即练（选择填空） 1.The teacher kept the students ______ on the math problem until they solved it.（______） A. focusing B. focused C. to focus D. focus 2.I need to get my computer ______ before the presentation.（______） A. repairing B. repaired C. to repair D. repair 3.She noticed her wallet ______ when she arrived at the station.（______） A. missing B. missed C. to miss D. being missed 4.He wants his essay ______ by a professional editor.（______） A. checking B. checked C. to check D. check （三）应用实践（Production） Task 1: Each group should select one of the following scenarios. Then, by using past participles as attributives and object complements, discuss and describe the functions and features of future tech products. Task 2:图片故事接龙 (Picture Story Chain) Beginning: In the community garden, an injured stray cat curls up in the corner, with its hind legs seemingly wounded…… 总结-语言点 自我评价 Criteria 4 - Excellent 3 - Good 2 - Fair 1 - Poor Understanding Explain the functions of past participles as attributives and object complements precisely. Identify basic functions with some examples. Recognize past participles but struggle with functions. Confuse past participles with other verb forms. Usage in Sentences Correctly use past participles in various sentence structures without errors. Make minor mistakes when using past participles in simple sentences. Have frequent errors in tense or position of past participles. Fail to use past participles appropriately in sentences. Differentiation Distinguish clearly between past participles used as attributives and object complements. Differentiate them with some guidance. Mix up the two usages often. Unable to tell the difference. 作业内容 基础层（Basic Level） 完成课本配套的语法练习题。 进阶层（Intermediate Level） 写一篇 80-100 词的短文，至少包含 5 个过去分词作定语或宾语补足语的结构，并将这些结构用横线标出。 提高层（Advanced Level） 就观点 “过去 20 年发展的技术彻底重塑了我们的生活” 准备支持或反对的论据，在句子中运用过去分词结构。 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 History and Traditions Period 3 Discovering Useful Structures（导学案）解析版 【学习目标】 1.识别并理解本单元文本中过去分词作定语和宾语补足语的用法。 2.加深对语言所反映的不同文化及历史背景的理解。 3.掌握语法学习的有效策略，如自主总结规则、对比不同形式等。 4.能在口语和书面表达中运用这两种结构，提高语言的准确性和流畅度。 【学习重难点】 教学重点 掌握过去分词作定语的意义（被动 / 完成 / 状态）、位置规律及与现在分词、不定式作定语的区别。 掌握过去分词作宾语补足语的逻辑关系（动宾 / 状态 / 完成）及五种常见适用动词类型。 教学难点 灵活运用过去分词作定语和宾语补足语，准确判断位置（前置 / 后置）和适用场景。 区分特殊动词（如 seat、hide、dress）的过去分词作宾补时的状态用法，避免混淆被动与状态含义。 在写作和口语表达中主动运用目标结构，做到语法正确、表达自然。 【预习清单】 （一）核心概念填空 非谓语动词是指不能作______的动词，包括过去分词、现在分词、不定式等。 定语是用来修饰、限定名词或代词的成分，汉语常用 “______的” 表示。 宾语补足语放在宾语之后，对宾语进行______说明，常见结构为 “及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾补”。 （二）基础成分判断（判断下列句中加粗部分的成分，填 “定语” 或 “宾补”） 1.Most people just use the shortened name: “the United Kingdom” or “the UK”.（______） 2.They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack.（______） 3.Judy and I had our car parked in an underground car park.（______） 4.We heard it announced that there were no audio guides left.（______） 【答案】（一）1. 谓语 2. …… 的 3. 补充（二）1. 定语 2. 定语 3. 宾补 4. 宾补 【学习过程】 （一）导入（Lead In） 1.一个简单句只能有一个谓语，若有多个动词，可通过哪三种方式表达？ 【答案】①加并列连词（如 but、and、so 等）构成并列句；②加从属连词（如 where、when 等）构成复合句；③将其他动词转化为非谓语动词。 2.非谓语动词的核心特征是什么？ 【答案】不能单独作谓语。 （二）知识讲解与练习（Presentation & Practice） 一：过去分词作定语（Past Participle as Attributive） 1. 过去分词作定语的意义 动词类型 意义特征 例句 及物动词 表被动或被动 + 完成 The stolen jewels were finally recovered.（被偷的，被动 + 完成） 及物动词 仅表被动 The English spoken here is different from British English.（被说的，仅被动） 不及物动词 仅表完成 The fallen leaves covered the path.（落下的，仅完成） 即学即练 判断下列句中黑体词的意义类型（仅被动 / 仅完成 / 被动 + 完成） 1.The fallen leaves covered the path, creating a golden carpet.（______） 2.The retired workers organized a volunteer activity last week. 3.The stolen jewels were finally recovered by the police.（______） 4.The book recommended by the teacher became a best-seller.（______） 5.The English spoken here is different from British English.（______） 【答案】1. 仅完成 2.仅完成 3. 被动 + 完成 4. 被动 + 完成 5. 仅被动 2. 过去分词作定语的位置 1.单个过去分词作定语：通常放在被修饰词______。例：the broken window, the retired teacher 2.过去分词短语作定语：通常放在被修饰词______，可转化为定语从句。例：The house built last year = The house which was built last year 3.特殊情况：修饰复合不定代词（something/anything 等）或指示代词 those 时，单个过去分词需______。例：nothing changed, those involved in the project 【答案】（前置）、（后置）、（后置） 即学即练 1.Which sentence has the correct position of past participle as attributive?（______） A. The broken window needs to be repaired. B. The window broken needs to be repaired. C. There is changed nothing in the plan. D. Those invited to the party arrives at 7 p.m. 2.Which past participle must be placed after the modified word?（______） A. the fallen leaves B. the used car C. the involved parties D. the retired workers 【答案】A；C 3.同义句改写（将定语从句改为过去分词短语作定语） The students who were praised by the teacher felt encouraged. → The students ______ by the teacher felt encouraged. The letter which was mailed yesterday will arrive soon. → The letter ______ yesterday will arrive soon. He is a teacher who is loved by his students. → He is a teacher ______ by his students. 【答案】praised；mailed；loved 3. 过去分词与现在分词、不定式作定语的区别 形式 逻辑关系 动作特征 过去分词（done） 被动关系 动作已完成 现在分词（doing） 主动关系 动作正在进行 现在分词（being done） 被动关系 动作正在进行 不定式（to do） 主动关系 动作尚未发生 不定式（to be done） 被动关系 动作尚未发生 即学即练（适当形式填空） 用括号内动词的适当形式填空 1.The question ______ (discuss) at the meeting tomorrow is of great importance. 2.The building ______ (build) now is our classroom building. 3.The novel ______ (write) by Mo Yan is worth reading. 4.China is a ______ (develop) country. 5.The visitor came from a ______ (develop) country. 6.The meeting ______ (hold) tomorrow is about environmental protection. 【答案】1. to be discussed 2. being built 3. written 4. developing 5. developed 6. to be held 二：过去分词作宾语补足语（Past Participle as Object Complement） 1. 过去分词与宾语的逻辑关系 关系类型 适用场景 例句 动宾关系（被动） 及物动词的过去分词 She had her hair cut.（头发被剪） 完成状态 不及物动词的过去分词 We found the leaves fallen.（叶子已落下） 静态特征 特殊及物动词（seat/hide 等） The teacher found the students seated.（学生坐着的状态） 即学即练（选择填空） 1.I want to have my hair ______ before the important meeting.（______） A. cut B. cutting C. to cut D. being cut 2.The teacher found the students ______ in the classroom when she returned.（______） A. Seating B. seated C. to seat D. seat 3.She was surprised to find the old photo ______ under the bed.（______） A. hiding B. hidden C. to hide D. being hidden 4.The manager had all the documents ______ by the end of the day.（______） A. preparing B. prepared C. to prepare D. being prepared 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. B 4. B 2. 过去分词作宾补的五种常见情况 适用动词类型 代表动词 结构 例句 表状态 keep, leave keep/leave + n./pron. + done The company keeps employees informed. 表致使 have, get, make have/get/make + n./pron. + done He got his car repaired. 表感官 / 心理 see, hear, find, notice 感官动词 + n./pron. + done I heard the song sung. 表爱憎 / 意愿 like, hate, want, wish like/hate + n./pron. + done She wants her room decorated. 表伴随 / 条件 with/without with/without + n./pron. + done He sat with his eyes closed. 即学即练（选择填空） 1.The teacher kept the students ______ on the math problem until they solved it.（______） A. focusing B. focused C. to focus D. focus 2.I need to get my computer ______ before the presentation.（______） A. repairing B. repaired C. to repair D. repair 3.She noticed her wallet ______ when she arrived at the station.（______） A. missing B. missed C. to miss D. being missed 4.He wants his essay ______ by a professional editor.（______） A. checking B. checked C. to check D. check 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. A 4. B （三）应用实践（Production） Task 1: Each group should select one of the following scenarios. Then, by using past participles as attributives and object complements, discuss and describe the functions and features of future tech products. 【答案】e.g. We can see houses built with new energy - saving materials and windows cleaned by self - working robots. Task 2:图片故事接龙 (Picture Story Chain) Beginning: In the community garden, an injured stray cat curls up in the corner, with its hind legs seemingly wounded…… 总结-语言点 自我评价 Criteria 4 - Excellent 3 - Good 2 - Fair 1 - Poor Understanding Explain the functions of past participles as attributives and object complements precisely. Identify basic functions with some examples. Recognize past participles but struggle with functions. Confuse past participles with other verb forms. Usage in Sentences Correctly use past participles in various sentence structures without errors. Make minor mistakes when using past participles in simple sentences. Have frequent errors in tense or position of past participles. Fail to use past participles appropriately in sentences. Differentiation Distinguish clearly between past participles used as attributives and object complements. Differentiate them with some guidance. Mix up the two usages often. Unable to tell the difference. 作业内容 基础层（Basic Level） 完成课本配套的语法练习题。 进阶层（Intermediate Level） 写一篇 80-100 词的短文，至少包含 5 个过去分词作定语或宾语补足语的结构，并将这些结构用横线标出。 提高层（Advanced Level） 就观点 “过去 20 年发展的技术彻底重塑了我们的生活” 准备支持或反对的论据，在句子中运用过去分词结构。 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $