话题12 历史与社会-【一战成名新中考】2026贵州中考英语（课标版）·一轮复习·话题读写思维训练（练册）

一战成名新中考 话题12历史与社会 【常考角度】对世界、国家、人民和社会有突出贡献的人物[3次]、公共秩序与法律法规，个人信息安 全与国家安全[2023省一模阅读B]、社会热点与国际事务[2024省一模间读B]、家乡和社会 变迁与发展 【教材单元链接】 人教 课标 八（上）Unit7未来的生活 九（上）Unit1 Topic1&Topie2社会变迁与人的变化 八（下）Unit 10家乡的变迁 九（下）Unit5 Topic2&Topie3历史名人 话题 词句积累 Q此话题相关的课标词汇见《词汇分层练》P119 1.hometown家乡 2.countryside乡村 3.population人口 4.transportation交通 5.set up建立 6.used to do sth.过去常常做某事 社会发展 7.live a hard life过着艰苦的生活 8.with the development of随着…的发展 与变迁 9.great changes have taken place发生了巨大改变l0.make sth.a reality使.…成为现实 Il.provide people with work提供就业机会 l2.living standard has improved生话水平提高了 13.have great effects on对…有很大影响 l.expert专家 2.do research做研究 有突出贡 3.be talented/gifted in在.…方面有天赋 4.the pioneer in the field of...…领域的先驱 献的人物 5.the discovery of scientific truths发现科学真理6.solve the problem of..解决…的问题 7.devote oneself to doing sth..致力于做某事 8.make contributions to..为…做贡献 L.make laws制定法律 2.public rules公共规则 公共秩序 3.wait in line排队等待 4.in order秩序井然 与法律 5.follow/obey the traffic rules遵守交通规则 6.break/against the rules打破/违反规则 法规 7.keep quiet in the library在图书馆保持安静 8.have the right to do sth.有权利做某事 9.be allowed to do sth.被允许做某事 l0.force sb.to do sth.迫使某人做某事 话题 语篇研读 I like reading a lot.One afternoon in a 重难点拔了 再会，老北凉 08 bookstore,I found a book called The Last Days of Old 一、课标高频词句 Beijing by US writer Michael Meyer.The name caught 1.catch one's eye my eye and made me think about my home city, 2.think about Beijing,and its past. 3.experience the local culture Meyer's writing takes us back in time to Beijing about 20 years 4.go through ago.In 2005,Meyer 1 into a shared courtyard (home in 5.make way for..… one of Beijing's oldest neighborhoods,Dashilan,on one of its 6.in the face of hutongs.There he 2 English at a local school.And he became 7.hold onto the only Westerner there living among 3 people.This gave him 8.move forward 话题读写思维训练·贵州英语 93 a chance to experience the local culture. 二、长难句分析 Meyer 4 some of the great changes this neighborhood went 【分析】铺灰句中包含一个由how引导 through.The old houses made way for high-rise 5 and shopping 的 从句，该从句中又包含一 个 malls.However,some parts of old Beijing's culture stayed strong in _从句 the face of big changes.People still kept traditions like 6 Spring Festival couplets ()And artists worked hard to pass down 7 like acrobatics ()Meyer shows us how these traditions helped people hold onto their roots 8 old buildings went away around them. I was born in Beijing in the 2010s,so I know more about the city's 9 side.Reading The Last Days of Old Beijing opened my eyes to new sides of the city that I hadn't seen 10.Those small details (of daily life in the old neighborhoods touched my heart.It made me think about how we can keep our traditions alive while also moving forward. 1.A.discussed B.blew C.moved 2.A.taught B.agreed C.made 3.A.local B.clear C.round 4.A.heard B.smelt C.saw 5.A.buildings B.instruments C.journeys 6.A.going past B.putting up C.digging in 7.A.bells B.clouds C.skills 8.A.when B.since C.or 9.A.ancient B.foreign C.modern 10.A.soon B.before C.later (⑦拓展提升练 Task 1:c后续推断The writer would most probably talk about after Paragraph 4. A.the development of daily life in the old neighborhoods B.some ways to keep traditions alive while moving forward C.the reason why there are fewer and fewer old houses in Beijing 新考法点拨 后续推断题[2023.51]：此类试题需根据文章已知的细节信息对文章结尾接下来的讨论日标作推测。设问 方式有：The writer would most probably talk about_ after Paragraph..针对此类试题，学生可参考以下解题 步骤： Stp1通读全文，了解文章各段落的主旨大意（说明文）或故事情节发展（记叙文）。 Stp2紧扣文章结尾段，尤其是最后一到两句话中的线索，明确接下来的写作落点或故事走向。 根据最后一段最后一句可知作者接下来可能会讲如何在社会发展的同时保留传统。 Stp3结合选项判断是否符合原文的细节信息，从而确定答案。 Task 2:Would you like to visit Beijing during your vacation?Why? 94 话题读写思维训练·贵州英语 一战成名新中考 话题 语篇精练 Passage1[2025铜仁三模] A.which B.through C.an D.of E.and F.in 遵义会议 On January 15,2025,the 90th anniversary 重难点拨 (周年纪念日)of the Zunyi Conference was held 、课标高频词句 in Zunyi,Guizhou.The conference pointed out 1.point out that the Zunyi Conference was 1. 2.turning point important meeting with a great turning point in 3.take place the history of our party. 4.pass down The Zunyi Conference took place 2. January 1935, 二、长难句分析 during a key time for the Chinese Communist Party(中国共产党). 【分析】铺灰句是一个由that引 At the conference,important decisions 3. changed the 导的 从句，with后的内 容作后置定语。句中的party意 course of the party's history were made.Leaders reviewed past 为“ ”,属于熟词生义。 mistakes 4. set a new direction for the future,which greatly encouraged the party members and the people. The spirit of the Zunyi Conference is about seeking (truth from facts,correcting mistakes,and unity(团结).This spirit has been passed down5. generations and continues to guide the party in its work.The conference also marked a great step in building Mao Zedong's leadership within the party. The great contributions of the Zunyi Conference would go down in history,and the spirit of the Zunyi Conference would shine forever. ⑦拓展提升练 Task:Which of the following is not the spirit of the Zunyi Conference? A.Seeking truth. B.Correcting mistakes. C.Remembering our history. Passage2[2025新疆改编] ↓重难点拨 Have you ever heard of the story Xi Mu Li 、课标高频词句 Xin?During the Warring States Period(战国时 1.hear of 期)，many1. (state)made changes to 2.work out become stronger.One of the most successful 3.believe in... changes 2. create)by Shang Yang 4.come up with in Qin. 5.have a try Shang Yang worked out a set of 3. (use)plans.At 6.to one's surprise 4. (one),these plans were not easily accepted because 7.a man of his word people didn't believe in him. 二、长难句分析 How could he make people trust him and follow the rules? 【分析】铺灰句said后的内容是 5. (solve)this problem,Shang Yang came up with an 一个 从句，该从句的谓 idea.He ordered his men to put a thin wooden pole ()at the 语是 ,从句中包含一个 由who引导的 从句，该 south gate.Then he said anyone who took the pole to the north gate 从句的谓语是 would receive 10 gold pieces.The task was so easy that nobody 话题读写思维训练·贵州英语 95 believed it was true.They all 6. think)Shang Yang was joking.After 7. see) that,Shang Yang said he would offer 50 gold pieces to anyone who did it. And 8. (final),a man wanted to have a try.He put the pole on his shoulder and walked to the north gate.To his surprise,Shang Yang paid him 50 gold pieces. The news spread across the capital.Soon,people were saying Shang Yang was a man of 9 (he)word.Then people followed his new laws without question.With his efforts,Qin became the 10. (strong)of all the states. (⑦拓展提升练 Task 1:写作手法How does the writer lead into the topic? A.By asking a question. B.By introducing a fact. C.By giving an example. Task 2:The man who succeeded in putting the pole to the north gate got gold pieces finally. Task3:The task was so easy that nobody believed it was true.(so..that..如此…以至于.…) 仿写： (贵州是如此美丽，以至于每年都有成千上万的游客来游玩。) Passage 3 重难点拨 Sun Yat-sen was a very important leader in 1.be born in Chinese history.He was born in a small village in 2.set up Guangdong Province on November 12,1866.He is 3.at last a great revolutionary(革命的)pioneer because he 4.give up helped to set up the Republic of China. 5.pass away When Sun Yat-sen was a teenager,he went to Hawaii to study. There,he learnt about Western ideas and saw how different the Western countries were from China.Later, he went to Hong Kong to study medicine and became a doctor,but he wanted more than just to help people with medicine.He wanted to help China become a strong and modern country. In 1894,Sun Yat-sen founded an organization known as Xingzhonghui in America.The organization aimed to set up a new government in China but failed at last.Sun Yat-sen didn't give up and continued to fight for a modern China.In 1905,he formed Chinese Tongmenghui in Tokyo,where he became the leader and came up with the Three Principles of the People.He believed that China needed a big change,so in 1911 he led the Xinhai Revolution to end more than 2,000 years'feudal monarchy (in China. He retumed to China and became the first provisional (president of the Republic of China. In 1925,Sun Yat-sen passed away in Beijing.The year 2025 is the 100th anniversary (of his death.People all over the world honor him and his ideas.Sun Yat-sen is a great man fighting for China's future and his spirit will encourage us to move forward forever. 96 话题读写思维训练·贵州英语 一战成名新中考 l.c段落大意What is Paragraph2 mainly about'? A.Sun Yat-sen's family background B.The choices of Sun Yat-sen's jobs. C.The changes of Sun Yat-sen's ideas 2.细节排序Which is the right order of the events about Sun Yat-sen? DHe led the Xinhai Revolution. 2He set up Xingzhonghui in America. 3He became the first provisional president. He raised the Three Principles of the People. A.②③①④ B.②③④① C.②④①③ 3.Which word can best describe Sun Yat-sen according to the text? A.Family-loving. B.Nation-loving. C.Fashion-loving. 4.c写作目的What is the writer's purpose in writing the text? A.To tell a moving and funny story. B.To introduce a great national hero. C.To compare two old organizations. ?拓展提升练 Task 1:When Sun Yat-sen studied in Hawaii,he realized that Western countries China and wanted to help China become stronger. Task2:.and his spirit will encourage us to move forward forever.(encourage sb.to do sth.鼓励某人做 某事) 仿写： (网上的很多短视频都鼓励人们保护我们的传统文化。) Passage 4 】重难点拔 In the last few years,great changes have taken place in our 一 、课标高频词句 lives.Let's take a look at how things used to be in the past and what 1.in the past they are like now. 2.keep in touch with... 1. In the past,people used to keep in touch with 3.with the development of technology their relatives and friends by writing letters.Writing and sending a letter could take days or even weeks.However,now with the 4.connect with... development of technology,we can quickly connect with anyone 5.use to do sth. around the world through emails,social media and video calls. 6.what's more 2 二、长难句分析 Our entertainment()ways have also seen a great change. 【分析】铺灰句是一个由and连 In the past,people used to listen to the radio and watch TV for 接的 句，前一分句是一 entertainment.3. Sometimes they would watch TV 个由 引导的宾语从句； 后一分句是一个由 引导 programs when they were free.Nowadays,we have many new ways 的宾语从句。 to enjoy movies,TV shows,and music on our smartphones,tablets (平板)and computers. 话题读写思维训练·贵州英语 97 What's more,the way we travel has also changed.4. Trains,buses,and bicycles were common on the roads.Nowadays,with the rise of private cars and ride-sharing apps,people have more choices when it comes to traveling. Lastly,our living environment has also improved much.In the past,many families lived in small and crowded houses with limited conveniences.However,today,more and more people are moving into large and well-decorated apartments and houses.5. People now can get better healthcare and education more easily. A.The quality of life has improved. B.The way we communicate has changed a lot. C.This has made our lives much more convenient. D.They would listen to the radio for news and music. E.These changes that have taken place in our lives are truly amazing. F.In the past,public transportation was the most common travel for most people. ?拓展提升练 Task 1:What has changed greatly in the last few years according to the text? A.Our clothing styles. B.Our work environments. C.Our communication ways. Task 2:Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an entertainment choice in the past? A.The radio. B.The computers. C.The television. Task3:标题归纳Which of the following is the best title for the text? A.Ways to Live Better B.We Can Travel Better C.Great Changes in Our Life Task4:c文章结构What is the structure of the text?(P=Paragraph) ®⑧ ® B C.P2) P P ®® ®®®® ® ® 98 话题读写思维训练·贵州英语Passage 3 1.C【解析】图片理解题。根据图片中博物馆左上角的内 容可知，第三个展馆是关于苗族蜡染的展览，在这里可以 欣赏传统印染工艺品。 2.A【解析】数字计算题。根据文章中PICE处的内容可 知，18岁以上的成人票价为每人65元，5-17岁的票价为 每人45元，65岁以上和5岁以下免费。所以题干中三个 人票价为65+45=110元。 3.B 4.C【解析】文章类型题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了 中国美术馆的非物质文化遗产展览信息，是一张宣传 海报。 【拓展提升练】 Task 1 B Task 2 right side Passage 4 1.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第四句可知，乘客在 K7041火车上的新鲜体验是参与现场表演（如与表演者 共舞)。 2.B【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句及第四段 第三句可知，两人均认为火车有助于推广ICH。 3.C【解析】段落大意题。根据第五段第一句及最后一句 可知，本段先提出挑战，再提出解决方法。 4.A【解析】标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要围绕 火车推动ICH传播的主题展开介绍，A项“列车推动中国 非遗发展”适合作标题。 Passage 5 1.C【解析】根据上文提问如何在去中国朋友家吃晚饭时 举止得体以及下文给出的具体建议可知，此处为承上启 下的过渡句。“有一些重要的规则需要遵守”符合语境。 2.F【解析】根据本段小标题以及本段内容可知，这里是关 于挑选礼物的建议。“但不要选择太贵或太奇怪的礼物' 符合语境。 3.B【解析】根据上下文可知，此处是介绍进别人家里之后 如何打招呼。“先微笑着对长辈说‘你好”符合语境。 4.A【解析】根据小标题下面一段的内容可知，这部分主 要介绍吃饭的过程中需要注意的事项。“用餐时要有礼 貌”符合语境。 5.D【解析】根据上下文可知，此处介绍吃完饭之后需要 做些什么。“你也可以和这家人聊一会儿天”符合语境。 【拓展提升练】 Task 1 A Task 2 If we pull together,our Chinese Dream is sure to come true. 话题12 话题语篇研读 1.C【解析】根据下文提到他住在了这里可知，他2005年 搬到了大栅栏。 2.A【解析】根据后半句提到的学校可知，他在一所当地 的学校教英语。 3.A【解析】根据下文他有了体验当地文化的机会可知， 他和当地人住在一起。 4.C 5.A【解析】根据上文提到他见证了这个社区经历的巨大 变化可知，旧房子被高层建筑和购物中心所取代。 6.B7.C 8.A【解析】根据上文提到虽然这里发生了巨大的改变 但有些老北京文化仍然保留着可知，此处意为Meyer向 参考答案及解析· 一战成名新中考 Passage 6 1.cultures 2.became/was interested in【解析】根据第二段第二句可 知，10岁时，她对越剧产生了浓厚的兴趣。此处注意词数 有限制，填became/was interested in 3.show feelings 4.modem stories【解析】根据第三段第二句和后面的内容 可知，她的学生把旧故事和现代故事融合在一起制作出 新剧本，结合一些新的改动，让越来越多的人了解越剧。 5.Yes,I do.Because they help pass on Yue Opera and spread Yue Opera around the world.(开放性题目，答案不唯一，言 话 之有理即可。) 读 【拓展提升练】 Task 1 B Task 2 B 话题写作指导 毓 【典例剖析】 练 1.记叙文2.一般现在时3.第三人称 【实战演练】 -,1.Paper-cutting is not only a traditional art form but also a symbol of Chinese culture. 2.My favorite traditional Chinese culture is calligraphy, which has a long history and has influenced many people 3.Lanterns are considered as symbols of happiness and good wishes. 4.We all love the festival because it's a good chance to look back on history and a wonderful time to get together. 5.People love the Dragon Boat Festival because it combines exciting activities with meaningful traditions. Side by Side in Spreading Culture The traditional Chinese culture that interests me most is calligraphy. It is not only beautiful writing,but also a deep art form showing Chinese wisdom.I carry it forward by practicing it regularly.I learn from teachers and also share my works online Last Spring Festival,I wrote couplets for my neighbors.They loved them!I expect teenagers around me to learn more abou traditions like calligraphy,paper-cutting,or festivals.We can practice them,tell stories about them to friends,and use social media to spread their beauty Let's work side by side to keep our culture alive Thank you! 历史与社会 我们展示了这些传统是如何帮助人们在周围的老建筑消 失的情况下保持自己的根基的。 9.C【解析】根据上文Meyer记录的北京变迁的时间与 “我”出生的时间对比可知，“我”了解得更多的是这个城 市现代化的一面。 10.B 【拓展提升练】 Task 1 B Task 2 Yes.Because I want to learn more about the history and culture of Beijing.I want to visit some places of interest,such as the Great Wall,the Palace Museum and the Summer Palace.What's more,I'd like to taste some local food,like Beijing Duck.I can't wait to take a trip to Beijing.(开放性题目，答案不唯一，言 之有理即可。) 贵州英语（课标版） 11 话题语篇精练 Passage 1 1.C2.F3.A4.E5.B 【拓展提升练】 Task C Passage 2 1.states 2.was created【解析】前面的主语“One of.”为单数，且此 处讲述过去发生的事情，时态为一般过去时，根据下文的 by可知，此处用一般过去时的被动语态。 话题读写进 3.useful 4.first 5.To solve【解析】分析句子结构可知，此处动词作非谓语， 表目的，应用不定式形式。注意句首单词首字母大写。 6.thought 7.seeing 8.finally 训 9.his【解析】a man of his word为固定搭配，表示“信守承 练 诺的人”。 10.strongest【解析】根据空前的the和句意可知，此处表示 “最强大的”，应用形容词的最高级形式。 【拓展提升练】 Task 1 A Task 2 50/fifty Task 3 Guizhou is so beautiful that thousands of tourists visit it every year. Passage 3 1.C【解析】段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知，他了解了 西方的思想，看到了西方国家与中国的不同。学医之后 发现他想要的不仅仅是用医学帮助人们，他想帮助中国 成为一个强大的现代化国家。这一段主要介绍孙中山的 思想发生了变化 2.C【解析】细节排序题。根据第三段第一句和第四、五 六句可知，正确顺序是：②在美国成立兴中会→④他提出 了三民主义→①他领导了辛亥革命③他成为第一任临 话题13 话题语篇研读 1.taken 2.daily 3.be found【解析】此处是指在你的学校也能发现改变，主 语和谓语动词之间是动宾关系，且前面有情态动词，此处 用被动语态，be动词用原形。 4.their 5.enjoyable 6.hlps【解析】根据上下文可知，此处时态为一般现在时， 主语是t,谓语动词用单三形式。 7.habits【解析】habit为可数名词，前面没有限定词，此处 应用复数形式表泛指。 8.to follow【解析】句子中已经有谓语，此处填动词不定式 来表示目的。 9.clearly 10.exciting 【拓展提升练】 Task 1 B Task 2 A Task 3 2/two Task 4 It's time for class.Please stop talking and listen to the teacher carefully. 话题语篇精练 Passage 1 1.E2.D3.C4.B5.A 【拓展提升练】 Task 1 A Task 2 Following school rules can help us create a better and safer leaming environment. Passage 2 1.A【解析】根据上文她三岁的妹妹生病了可知，这里是 12 参考答案及解析· 时总统 3B【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，他 是一个爱国的人。 4.B【解析】写作目的题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段第 一句可知，文章主要介绍了伟大的民族英雄孙中山先生 的一生，所以文章的目的是介绍一位伟大的民族英雄。 【拓展提升练】 Task 1 were different from Task 2 Many short videos on the Internet encourage people to protect our traditional culture. Passage 4 1.B【解析】根据下文提到过去通过写信和亲戚朋友保持 联系以及现在通过电子邮件、社交媒体和视频电话进行 沟通可知，本段主要介绍沟通方式的改变。B项“我们交 流的方式改变了很多。”符合语境 2.C【解析】根据上文提到写信和寄信可能需要几天甚至 几周的时间，但是通过电子邮件、社交媒体和视频电话进 行沟通非常快可知，此处表达科技的发展给沟通带来了 便利。C项“这使我们的生活更加方便。”符合语境。 3.D【解析】根据上文提到在过去，人们习惯于听收音机 和看电视作为娱乐以及下文提到人们在空闲的时候看电 视节目可知，此处介绍过去在收音机上的娱乐活动。D 项“他们过去常通过收音机听新闻和音乐。”符合语境。 4.F【解析】根据空前和空后可知，此段在介绍出行方 式的变化，与Nowadays形成对比。F项“在过去，公 共交通是大多数人最常见的出行方式。”符合语境。 5.A【解析】根据下文提到人们现在可以更容易地获得更 好的医疗保健和教育可知，此处介绍人们的生活水平有 了提高。A项“生活质量提高了。”符合语境。 【拓展提升练】 Task 1 C Task 2 B Task 3 C Task 4 A 抖学与技术 指把她送到医院。 2.C【解析】根据下文他们一家人又去了医院可知，妹妹的 情况没有改善。 3.C4.B 5.A【解析】根据上文第一次去医院医生没有诊断出来可 知，这个疾病很难诊断。 6.A 7.B【解析】根据上下文可知，她参加学校科技展之后有了 一个想法，那就是我们的口袋里可以有一个医生。 8.C【解析】此处表示她设计了一个应用程序，可以根据五 种身体症状来发现这种病。 9.C【解析】根据语境可推知，此处表示忧心仲仲的父母可以 上传他们患病孩子的照片，该技术将根据照片识别这种病。 10.A 【拓展提升练】 Task 1 B Task 2 We should study hard and try our best to use technology to help people live a better life..(开放性题目，答案不唯 一，言之有理即可。) Passage 3 1.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，这个工 具主要是帮助人们在线品尝食物。 2.C【解析】词义猜测题。根据上文提问这个工具是如何 工作的以及下文对于工具中两个部分工作原理的具体介 绍可知，此处应是说这个工具有两个重要的部分。 3.B【解析】句子还原题。根据上文提到专家们做了一个 测试以及测试的流程可知，此处应是介绍测试的结果，且 贵州英语（课标版）