范畴三 话题15 灾害防范与宇宙探索-【一战成名新中考】2026贵州中考英语（课标版）·一轮复习·话题读写思维训练优质PPT课件（练册）

该初中英语中考复习课件聚焦“人与自然”范畴下的灾害防范与宇宙探索核心话题，紧密对接课标八上Unit4 Topic2和九上Unit4 Topic2&3教材单元，系统梳理自然灾害与防范措施、宇宙航天等常考角度，通过词汇分类、短语归纳、句型解析，明确中考填空、阅读等题型的考点分布，体现备考针对性。 课件亮点在于融合中考真题训练与应试技巧指导，如2025省一模阅读B“野火”专题，示范段落大意题的“主题句定位法”，培养学生语言能力和思维品质。通过洪水应对填空题的语境分析、航天员王杰故事完形填空的词汇辨析，帮助学生掌握答题技巧，教师可依此高效规划复习，助力学生中考冲刺。

英语 1 2 第一部分 话题读写精讲练 ★范畴三 人与自然 话题15 灾害防范与宇宙探索 3 【常考角度】自然灾害与防范措施 [ 2025省一模阅读B] 、宇宙探秘、航天事业发展 【教材单元链接】 课标 八(上) Unit 4 Topic 2 如何在地震中保护自己 九(上) Unit 4 Topic 2 & Topic 3 宇宙探索 4 自然灾害与防范 1.earthquake 地震 2.fire 火灾 3.flood 洪水 4.sandstorm 沙尘暴 5.typhoon 台风 6.wildfire 山火 5 7.natural disasters 自然灾害 8.break out (战争、疾病、灾难等)爆发 9.die of 死于……(内因) 10.die from 死于……(外因) 11.have much to do with 与……有很大关系 12.keep calm in danger 在危险中保持冷静 13.close all windows 关掉所有窗户 6 14.stay away from the power lines 远离电线 15.hide under the table 躲在桌子下面 16.shout for help 大声呼救 17.stay in an open space 待在开阔的地方 18.don't stand under trees 不要站在树下 19.turn off the lights and gas 关掉灯和天然气 20.cover one's mouth and nose with a wet towel 用湿毛巾捂住口鼻 7 宇宙航天 1.astronaut 宇航员 2.planet 行星 3.rocket 火箭 4.satellite 卫星 5.solar system 太阳系 8 6.the Galaxy 银河系 7.space station 空间站 8.travel into space 去太空旅行 9.manned spaceship 载人飞船 10.send a spaceship into space 把宇宙飞船送入太空 11.explore the mystery of the universe 探索宇宙的奥秘 9 一、课标高频词句 1.wash… away __________ 2.keep away from ______ 冲走…… 远离 3.as quickly as you can ______ 4.save electricity ______ 尽快 省电 5.in danger ____________ 处于危险中 10 二、长难句分析 【分析】铺灰句是一个由but连接的并列祈使句。其中的“text”为 ______ (词性)，意为： ________，属于熟词生义。 动词 发短信 11 A. the B. for C. an D. with E. and F. when Rongjiang County in Guizhou Province was hit seriously by a flood (洪水) in June, 2025, causing huge losses. Flood can happen 1. ___ no notice and can usually wash trees and cars away, even break buildings. What should you do 2. ___ the flood comes? Let's learn something about it.#2 D F 12 A. the B. for C. an D. with E. and F. when Floods usually come quickly. You can prepare something at home. Some food, bottled water 3. ___ medicine are necessary. Pack some warm clothes for each person. Put them in 4. ___ bag that you can easily find. When floods come, don't worry. You may have only a short time to run away. You must keep away from water as quickly as you can and stay on high ground to wait 5. ___ others to save you.#3 E A B 13 A. the B. for C. an D. with E. and F. when Whether you are on foot or have to leave your car, you should choose high ground. It's the best way. Try not to call with your mobile phone, but text for help to save electricity. If you are in danger, text people where you are and your own information.#4 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了洪水发生时我们应该怎 么做。 14 Task 1： What can you prepare when floods come? ___ A. B. C. Task 2：You should stay on _____________ and wait for others to save you. high ground √ 15 Passage 1 一、课标高频词句 1.space dream ________ 2.middle school ______ 3.physical training __________ 4.pay off ______________________ 航天梦 中学 体能训练 取得成功；得到好结果 16 5.take care of ____________ 6.keep… in mind ____________________ 照顾；照料 记住……；牢记…… 二、佳句积累(画波浪线所在句) 英译汉： ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________ 王杰的故事告诉我们，无论我们来自哪里，牢记我们的目标， 勇敢地前进，就能把不可能变成现实。 17 In April 2025, Wang Jie, an astronaut of Shenzhou-20, appeared at the Jiuquan Launch Center. He was from Bayannur, Inner Mongolia, and it took him nearly 20 years to . .1. . his space dream. Wang Jie was born in a village. During his childhood, he helped his family raise sheep and grow corn. But he . .2. . believed that knowledge could change his life. In middle school, he often . .3. . until midnight to improve his grades, which always ranked at the top of his class. In 2003, while watching TV, he heard the . .4. . news about China's first manned spaceflight 18 (载人航天飞行). Yang Liwei's journey into space encouraged him to become an . .5. .. At university, he studied aerospace science and later received a doctorate in mechanics (机械学博士学位) from Beihang University. In 2020, he became a member of the third group of astronauts. Facing . .6. . physical training, he added extra strength exercise every day and memorized operation manuals (指南) late into the night. Finally, his hard work paid off. In 2025, Wang Jie was . .7. . for the Shenzhou-20 mission. On April 24th, he and his workmates were launched into space to begin their tasks. These include relaying (转接) operations from Shenzhou-19 and staying in space for six months to do . .8. . experiments (实验). “My biggest wish is to complete the mission successfully and take . .9. . care of our space station,” he said. From a farm to a spaceship, Wang Jie's story shows that no matter where we . .10. ., keeping our goals in mind and moving forward bravely can turn impossibilities into realities.#5 【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了航天员王杰的成长经历， 他努力学习追逐自己的航天梦想，最终成功参加了神舟二十号载人航天飞 行任务。 21 1.( ) A. hold B. stick C. realize 2.( ) A. strongly B. quietly C. suddenly 【解析】根据下文他努力学习可知，他强烈地相信知识可以改变他的生活。 3.( ) A. prepared B. studied C. played 4.( ) A. relaxing B. exciting C. tiring 【解析】根据下文中国的首次载人航天飞行可知，这个消息是激动人心的。 5.( ) A. engineer B. actor C. astronaut √ √ √ √ √ 22 6.( ) A. strict B. free C. nervous 【解析】根据常识可知，航天员的体能训练应该是非常严格的。 7.( ) A. warned B. invited C. chosen 8.( ) A. scientific B. simply C. musical 9.( ) A. different B. good C. hard 10.( ) A. put off B. cheer up C. come from 【解析】根据上文的where可知，此处表示无论我们来自哪里。 √ √ √ √ √ 23 Task 1： Where can we most probably read the text? ___ A. From a storybook. B. From a science newspaper. C. From a sports magazine. Task 2：What can you learn from Wang Jie's story? Please use your own words. ________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ As long as we stick to our dreams and work hard, we are surely to achieve them.(开放性题目，答案不唯一，言之有理即可。) √ 24 Passage 2[2025省一模] 1.take… for example ____________ 2.four out of five __________ 3.up to _____________________ 4.put out ____________ 5.be prepared for… ________________ 6.pay attention to… __________ 以……为例 五分之四 到达(某数量、程度等) 扑灭；熄灭 为……做好准备 注意…… 25 Nature can be beautiful, but it can also be dangerous. Take wildfires for example, more and more wildfires have been burning recently, causing great damage (损害). Natural causes like lightning and hot sun have caused wildfires, but four out of five wildfires are started by humans. Once a wildfire starts, it burns anything in its path such as trees, bushes and even buildings. Dry weather and high winds help wildfires spread, and they can move very quickly, up to 23 km an hour. 26 So, what should you do to prevent a wildfire? First, always be careful around fire. Follow fire safety rules in parks and public areas, especially when camping. And if you do make a fire outdoors, be sure that you put it out completely. Even if you're careful, you should be prepared for a wildfire. If one starts in your area, check TV, radio and emergency alerts (警报) to learn what to do. Pay attention to the fire and communicate with emergency workers. Always follow their instructions. Wildfires can be scary, but did you know they can actually help a forest? The fire kills sick plants and harmful insects that have been living in the forest's ecosystem. Certain animals do better in the burnt-out living places that fires create. And by burning trees and their leaves, wildfires allow sunlight to reach the forest floor, so light can reach seedlings and help them grow into new plants. Wildfires are dangerous and can cause a lot of damage. But they are also a part of the natural world, and they can be healthy for a forest. So, we can't simply view them as destruction (破坏), but also as nature making room for new beginnings.#4 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要以山火既会造成损害，同时对 森林也有一定的益处为例，阐述了自然的两面性。 1.What can we know about wildfires?( ) A. They often move at a speed of 23 km/h. B. Four fifths of them are started by humans. C. They can not be healthy for the forest. 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，五分之四的山火是人类引 发的。 √ 30 2. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? ( ) A. Ways to prevent a wildfire. B. Natural causes of wildfires. C. Damage that a wildfire brings. 【解析】段落大意题。根据本段第一句可知，该段主要围绕预防山火的方 法展开，具体阐述了在火源附近要小心、遵守防火规则、户外用火后彻底 灭火等预防措施。A项“预防野火的方法”符合题意。 √ 31 3. What does the underlined word “they” in paragraph 4 refer to? ( ) A. Sick plants. B. Wildfires. C. Certain animals. 【解析】代词指代题。根据上下文可知，they指代前文的“Wildfires”，说 明山火虽危险且造成损害，但也是自然世界的一部分，对森林有益。 √ 32 4. Which saying best shows the writer's understanding of wildfires? ( ) A. Better late than never. B. Every coin has two sides. C. Think twice before you do. 【解析】观点态度题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了山火既会造成破坏又对 森林有好处，体现了其两面性，B项“事物都有两面性”符合题意。 √ 33 Task 1：Wildfires can be spread with the help of _____________ and high winds. Task 2：The last paragraph mainly talks about how wildfires _____________. dry weather help a forest 34 Passage 3 一、课标高频词句 1.space exploration __________ 2.full of ______ 3.catch one's attention ________________ 4.make great progress ______________ 5.space station ________ 6.in short ________________ 太空探索 充满 吸引某人的注意 取得巨大进步 空间站 总之；简而言之 35 二、长难句分析 【分析】铺灰句是一个 ______从句，包含了三个并列从句，前面两个从句 是由 _____引导的，第三个从句是由 ___引导的，并且包含一个 _________ 句型。 宾语 how if there be 36 Space exploration(探索) has always been an exciting and important human activity. The huge universe, full of countless stars, planets, and galaxies (星系), has caught our attention since long ago. 1. ___ E A. But space exploration isn't easy. B. They can also help ships and planes find the right way. C. This strong wish drives us to send robots to other planets. D. It helps us know more about the space and makes our lives better. E. That's why space exploration has become a hot topic around the world. F. Moreover, space exploration serves as a key to unlocking our deepest questions.#6 37 In recent years, we've made great progress in space exploration. We've sent satellites (人造卫星) into space. These satellites help us talk to each other, predict the weather, and learn about our planet. 2. ___ We've also sent astronauts into space. They worked in space B A. But space exploration isn't easy. B. They can also help ships and planes find the right way. C. This strong wish drives us to send robots to other planets. D. It helps us know more about the space and makes our lives better. E. That's why space exploration has become a hot topic around the world. F. Moreover, space exploration serves as a key to unlocking our deepest questions.#6 stations and even walked on the moon. These successes bring new technologies to our daily life. For example, satellite phones let us call people far away easily, and materials from space are used in many products. A. But space exploration isn't easy. B. They can also help ships and planes find the right way. C. This strong wish drives us to send robots to other planets. D. It helps us know more about the space and makes our lives better. E. That's why space exploration has become a hot topic around the world. F. Moreover, space exploration serves as a key to unlocking our deepest questions.#6 3. ___ Space exploration helps us satisfy our curiosity (好奇心). We want to know how the universe began, how planets were formed, and if there is life on other planets. By studying planets like Mars, we might find answers about Earth and the possibility of life elsewhere. F A. But space exploration isn't easy. B. They can also help ships and planes find the right way. C. This strong wish drives us to send robots to other planets. D. It helps us know more about the space and makes our lives better. E. That's why space exploration has become a hot topic around the world. F. Moreover, space exploration serves as a key to unlocking our deepest questions.#6 4. ___ It costs a lot of money, and we still face many technical problems. Scientists around the world are working together to build better spaceships and spend less money. With teamwork and hard work, we'll surely make more amazing discoveries in the future. In short, space exploration is an exciting journey. 5. ___ It can also help us build a better future.#5 A D A. But space exploration isn't easy. B. They can also help ships and planes find the right way. C. This strong wish drives us to send robots to other planets. D. It helps us know more about the space and makes our lives better. E. That's why space exploration has become a hot topic around the world. F. Moreover, space exploration serves as a key to unlocking our deepest questions.#6 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人类对太空探索的兴趣 和重要性，以及近年来在太空探索方面取得的进展。 42 1. ___ E 【解析】根据上文可知，宇宙因为数不清的星星、行星以及星系吸引着人 们。此处可能会引出人们探索太空这件事情。E项“这就是太空探索成为 全球热点的原因。”符合语境。 2. ___ B 【解析】根据上文可知，这些卫星帮助我们彼此交谈，预测天气，了解我 们的星球。此处可能继续介绍卫星的功能。B项“它们还能帮助船只和飞 机找到正确航线。”符合语境。 43 3. ___ F 【解析】根据下文可知，后面的内容介绍太空探索如何帮助我们满足好奇 心。此处进行转折。F项“此外，太空探索还是解开我们最深层疑问的钥 匙。”符合语境。 4. ___ A 【解析】根据下文可知，太空探索面临很多问题。此处进行转折。A项 “但太空探索并不容易。”符合语境。 5. ___ D 【解析】根据上下文可知，此处介绍太空探索的好处。D项“它帮助我们 更多地了解太空，使我们的生活更美好。”符合语境。 44 Task：Do you think it's necessary for us to explore space? Why or why not? ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ _____________ Yes, I do. Because we can develop new technologies by exploring space and live a more convenient life.(开放性题目，答案不唯一，言之 有理即可。) 45 $