课时作业19 Natural Disasters（一）-【红对勾讲与练·练习手册】2026年高考英语大一轮复习全新方案通用版（译林版）

课时作业19 Nat (总分 I.阅读理解（每小题2.5分，共20分） A (2024·福建泉州高三质量监测) I fell in love with rhinos when I worked in a zoo in the 80s,and spent much of the next 20 years as the keeper of the largest captive(被圈养的)group of rare black rhinos. There's a popular misconception that rhinos are aggressive and stupid,but I found them sensitive and affectionate animals.Weighing over a ton,black rhinos are unexpectedly agile（敏捷的)and have an unpredictable nature,but,given reassurance,they tend to believe people.In the past few decades,their numbers have dropped dramatically.In recent years, I've helped look after rhinos being moved to the reserve so they can form new populations in countries that have few left.Last year,I helped on a project to fly five black rhinos from a private reserve in South Africa to the Serengeti National Park.Once there,the animals had to be kept captive for a few weeks to adapt to the new environment,in which time they lived in "bomas" wooden enclosures with "bedrooms",designed to create a calm space. A couple of weeks before their planned release,the sky filled with smoke.Watching the flames rushing through the bush toward the bomas,I froze.Terrified that it would catch fire,my instinct was to release the rhinos,but they hadn't yet been fitted with transmitters (发射机).If I let them out into a bush fire and they were injured,we'd have great difficulty tracking them down.So I dashed back to the bomas and called the rhinos to the bedrooms.Sensing the fear in my voices, they moved without hesitation and remained astonishingly calm.It was crucial the rhinos didn't panic-they can easily hurt each other if they do. That we and the rhinos had escaped safe and sound was a miracle.The teamwork of everybody there played a large part,and the rhinos were very much a part of that team.The relationships we'd built with them had proved crucial-had they or we panicked,all our work would have been in vain. (横线下方不可作答)4 班级： 姓名： ural disasters(-) 35分) 1.What does the author think of the rhinos? A.They are trusting animals. B.They are highly organized. C.Their habitats are under threat. D.Their adaptability needs improving. 2.Why were bomas set up? A.To assist rhinos to settle in. B.To boost tourism in the reserve. C.To avoid rhinos'aggressive behavior. D.To stop rhinos from fleeing. 3.How did the author rescue the rhinos? A.By setting them free. B.By tracking them down. C.By driving them into bomas'bedrooms. D.By fitting them with the transmitters. 4.What contributed most to the safety of the rhinos? A.The keepers'timely alarm. B.The inborn nature of rhinos'bedrooms. C.The faith in the keepers'heart. D.The teamwork between the keepers and the rhinos. B (2024·湖南名校联合体高三联考) For the past 8 years,K-9 Officer Roni has been by the side of Officer Joel Nitchman of the Deer Park Police Department.They've been through a lot together, and the cop()thinks of the dog as a member of his own family.Recently,the team had just returned to the station when an EF-3 tornado suddenly formed nearby. The wind picked up fast.Remembering Roni was still inside his cage in the patrol car,Joel didn't think twice about rushing outside into the storm to get his partner."The thought of ruins or the car flipping over... I couldn't do that to him,"said Joel."I couldn't have him out there during that.”He felt debris(a碎片)hitting his face as he headed into the wind,and he knew the situation was worsening with every passing second. Conditions worsened even further when Joel made it around to the other side of the car.The wind and rain were so strong that he couldn't get the door open.When he finally opened it,Roni refused to move."I could barely open his door,"Joel said."When I did,he's a 13 必修第三册 smart dog,he saw what was going on outside and he said he was not coming out."With a lot of coaxing( )Roni finally followed his partner out of the car, and Joel was able to lead him by the collar back into the safety of the station. "Never been through anything like this before, Joel said of the frightening event.Now that the danger has passed,he feels even closer to his K-9 partner,and he'd do it all over again,if he had to."I love that dog,"he explained."He's a part of our family.We can't leave a loved one like that.There's no way I was going to leave him like that. Well done,Officer.It's nice to know that these cops have each other's backs through thick and thin. 5.What is the relationship between Roni and Joel like? A.Plain. B.Distant. C.Terrible. D.Inseparable. 6.Why did Joel rush out despite the coming disaster? A.Roni was still on duty outside. B.He attempted to get inside the car. C.He went to rescue Roni stuck in the car. D.He wanted to learn more about the tornado. 7.What is the most unexpected difficulty during the rescue of Roni? A.Lack of official help B.Roni's fear of the danger. C.The poor quality of the door. D.The unsafe situation of the station 8.How does the experience influence Roni and Joel? A.They are more attached to each other. B.They are now living closer to each other. C.They have more loved ones in their lives. D.They are more independent of each other. Ⅱ.完形填空（每小题1分，共15分） (2024·广东湛江高三模拟) As an assistant manager at a restaurant,I encountered a heart-warming experience.One day,a father and his young son 1 the restaurant and spent a very long time looking through the menu.2,the father came up and started asking me about 3 because his son was allergic(过敏的)to some food. At some point,the boy,who was probably six or seven,4 me a laminated(card that listed all his allergies.They were a lot.It was 5 for me to 红对勾·讲与练4 remember them,and I didn't know what the seasoning mixtures were,so I asked to borrow the 6 so I could go check.He 7,and off I went. It 8 that many of our seasoning and sauces contained allergens for the boy.After much effort,I found a 9 option for him and took extra precautions due to his meat allergy.The father was grateful and explained they had 10 to find suitable dining options.This 11 the beginning of a special connection,as they became 12 customers,visiting at least once a week. The positive 13 I received was a heartening reminder that through genuine care and understanding, we can make a 14 It reinforces my commitment to ensure that each guest's experience is memorable and that they can 15 their unique needs. 1.()A.entered B.denied C.noticed D.checked 2.( )A.Formally B.Gradually C.Immediately D.Eventually 3.()A.expenses B.ingredients C.tastes D.quantities 4. )A.wrote B.drew C.handed D.lent 5.( )A.interesting B.enjoyable C.useless D.impossible 6.( )A.card B.boy C.money D.menu 7.( )A.hesitated B.agreed C.cried D.laughed 8.( )A.came to B.looked like C.ended up D.turned out 9.( )A.clever B.cheap C.safe D.new 10.( )A.struggled B.pretended C.decided D.forgotten 11.( )A.designed B.broke C.marked D.kept 12.（ ）A.private B.regular C.normal D.curious 13.( )A.lesson B.present C.envy D.response 14.( ）A.difference B.change C.sense D.promise 15.（ )A.accept B.promote C.tailor D.dismiss 4 高三英语YL充道。A.world世界；B.future未来；C.so ciety社会；D.moment时刻。根据上文 "teenagers may be only a small part of the population,but we're 100 percent of the" 知，青少年只占人口的一小部分，但代表了 整个未来。故选B。 课时作业l8 Nature in the balance(二) I.阅读理解 A 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。一项研 究结果表明昆虫的思雏比人类想象的复杂。 这项研究对于保护昆虫有很大的作用。 1.A细节理解题。根据第一段“The hard- working insects can change their behavior when things seem difficult,and now some sci- entists find there is proof that they also like to play.”可知，关于蜜蜂的新发现是它们也喜 欢玩乐。 2.C推理判断题。根据第三段“In this case, to get rid of external factors,scientists made sure the bees had adapted to their new home and that their environment was stress-free." 推知，为了消除外部因素，他们让蜜蜂适应 新家，对环境感觉不到压力。 3.B细节理解题。根据第四段Lars Chittka 说的话“This research provides a strong indi- cation that insects'minds are far more compli- cated than we imagine.There are lots of ani- mals who play just for the purpose of enjoy- ment,but most examples come from young mammals(哺乳动物)and birds'”可知，Lars Chittka的话表明了昆虫的思维远比我们想 象的复杂。 4.D细节理解题。根据最后-段Samadi Gal- pay所说的话“This finding has effects on our understanding of the sense and welfare of in- sects,which,consequently,encourages us to respect and protect wildlife on Earth ever more”可知，该研究结果有助于保护地球上 的野生动物。 B 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。泰国景 观设计师Voraakhom将自然和水融入她的设 计中，创造出有助于缓解洪水的景观，并为人 口稠密的城市增添绿化。 5.D细节理解题。根据第二段“The architect integrates nature and water into her designs to create landscapes that help ease flooding and add greenery to densely populated cities.”可 知，Voraakhom通过在她的设计中使用自然 和水来帮助人口众多的城市应对洪水。故 选D。 6.B细节理解题。根据第三段“Voraakhom also created Asia's largest rooftop farm,Siam Green Sky,which recycles food waste from restaurants in the building below and uses it as plant fertilizer.”可知，Siam Green Sky的食物 垃圾被用来给草本花园施肥。故选B。 7.A细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“they contribute to cleaning the air and providing es- sential green oases in our concrete jungle,so important for mental and physical health.Even at a small scale,these parks are beneficial to the residents'”可知，Archer认为Voraakhom 的设计有利于居民的健康。故选A。 8.D主旨大意题。通读全文内容可知，文章 主要介绍了泰国景观设计师Voraakhom将 自然和水融入她的设计中，创造出有助于缓 解洪水的景观，并为人口稠密的城市增添绿 化的事情，因此D选项“一位帮助下沉城市 对抗洪水的设计师”最适合作文章标题。故 进D。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章围 绕“环保旅游”这一主题，给出了几个建议，旨 在帮助读者以更环保的方式旅行，以保护自然 环境供后人继续欣赏。 1.C根据上文内容“While traveling,it'sim- portant to do it in a way that preserves these natural attractions for the next generation to en- joy as well.It's always a good idea to travel in an environmentally friendly way..”可知，上文 提出环保的旅游方式。选项C“That lets one both tour nature and protect nature.”指出，环 保的旅游方式既可以游览自然又可以保护 自然，符合语境。故选C。 2.B根据空后的“There are a few ways to do the research and find out which labels are real- ly environmentally friendly.”可推测，并不是 所有的标签都是真正环保的。选项B“How- ever,not all these labels are really honest. 下文内容相符，指出并不是所有的标签都是 真实的，所以我们需要做研究，从而找出真 正环保的标签。故选B。 3.G根据下文内容“Wise travelers can re- search,ask,or talk to travel companies.This will discover the problems behind the label. Research is absolutely important because there's a lot of smoke and mirrors in this busi- ness.”可知，标签也未必可信。选项G“Al though some companies have green labels,we don't quite know for sure.”与下文内容相符， 指出标签未必可信，所以我们需要研究、询 问或与旅游公司交谈。故选G。 4.F根据下文“By traveling over land,one can cut carbon emissions by as much as 50 percent or80 percent.”可知，下文提到陆地旅行的碳 排放和飞机旅行相比要少得多。选项F "Trains and buses produce much less carbon emissions than airplanes do.”与下文内容相 符，指出火车和公共汽车产生的碳排放量比 飞机少得多。故选F。 5.D根据下文内容“And it can help travelers really understand how life works in that com- munity.Staying local can cut down on travel emissions,and joining in the local community can also reduce a tourist's cultural and environ- mental impact.”可知，下文提到“这可以帮助 旅行者真正了解那个社区的生活方式”。选 项D“It is recommended that travelers stay in one location longer.”与下文内容一致，指出 旅行者可以在一个地方停留很久。故选D。 课时作业19 Natural disasters() I.阅读理解 A 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主 要讲述了作者做黑犀牛饲养员的经历，并着重 介绍了在塞伦盖蒂国家公园发生丛林火灾时， 饲养员与黑犀牛合作脱险的经历。 1.A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“hey tend to believe people”可知，它们通常信任人 类，故A项正确。 2.A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Once there,the animals had to be kept captive... designed to create a calm space.”可知，为了 帮助犀牛适应新环境，给它们创造宁静的空 -539- 间，人们建立了围栏防护场地，故A项正确。 3.C细节理解题。根据第三段中的“S0I dashed back to the bomas and called the rhinos to the bedrooms.”可知，作者把犀牛赶进了 围栏防护场地的卧室，救下了犀牛，故C项 正确。 4.D推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The teamwork of everybody there played a large part,and the rhinos were very much a part of that team.”可知，饲养员和犀牛的共同合作 在犀牛成功脱险这件事中发挥了很大的作 用，敌D项正确。 B 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。Roi是 一条警犬，它和警官Joel Nitchman是搭档，形 影不离。有一天，龙卷风突然出现，而Roi还 在巡逻车上的笼子里，Joel冒着恶劣天气，把 Roni安全带回了警局。 5.D推理判断题。根据第一段中的“For the past 8 years,K-9 Officer Roni has been by the side of Officer Joel Nitchman..the cop(警察) thinks of the dog as a member of his own fami- 1y.”可知，Joel和Roni形影不离，Joel把 Roi当作自己的家人看待，由此可知他们的 关系很亲密。敌选D, 6.C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Remem- bering Roni was still inside his cage in the patrol car,Joel didn't think twice about rus- hing outside into the storm to get his partner. 可知，Jol冲出去是为了把还在巡逻车的笼 子里的Roni带出来，即为了解救被困在车里 的Roni。敌选C。 7.B推理判断题。第三段中的“When he finally opened it,Roni refused to move. “‘he saw what was going on outside and he said he was not coming out.'With a lot of coaxing(劝诱)，Roni finally followed his part- ner out of the car”可知，Roni看到了车外糟 糕的天气，害怕得不敢出来。由此可知，在 解救Roni的过程中，Joel没有预料到Roni 对车外的危险的害怕。敌选B。 8.A细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Now that the danger has passed,he feels even closer to his K-9 partner'”可知，Roni和Joel的关系 比以前更亲密了。故选A。 Ⅱ.完形填空 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主 要介绍了作者作为一家餐厅的助理经理，为食 物过敏的小男孩定制菜品的暖心故事。 1.A句意：一天，一位父亲和他的小儿子走进 餐厅，花了很长时间浏览莱单。根据下文 "spent a very long time looking through the menu”可知，应是一位父亲和他的儿子先进 入餐厅，然后浏览莱单。故选A。enter进 入；deny否认；notice注意；check检查a 2.D句意：最后，这位父亲走了过来，开始问 我有关配料的问题，因为他的儿子对一些食 物过敏。根据上文“spent a very long time looking through the menu”可知，这位父亲花 了很长时间浏览莱单，最后走过来问“我”有 关配料的问题。故选D。formally正常地； gradually逐渐地；immediately立即； eventually最后a 3.B句意同上。根据下文“because his son was allergic(过教的)to some food”可知，小 男孩对一些食物过敏，所以应是询问有关配 料的问题。故选B。expense开支；ingredient 原料，配料；taste口味；quantity数量。 4.C句意：某个时候，这个可能六七岁的男孩 递给我一张覆膜卡片，上面列出了他所有的 参考答案·☑。 过敏史。根据下文“so I asked to borrow the 6”可知，男孩递给了“我”一张卡片。故 选C。write写；draw画；hand递；lend借出。 5.D句意：我不可能记住它们，也不知道调料 混合物是什么，所以我要求借用这张卡片，这 样我就可以去检查了。根据上文“They were alot.”可知，男孩的过敏原很多，所以作者不 可能记住它们，于是要求借用这张卡片。故 选D。interesting有趣的；enjoyable令人愉快 的；useless无用的；impossible不可能的。 6.A句意同上。根据上文“a laminated(覆膜 的)card”可知，男孩递给作者一张卡片，所 以此处表示作者要求借用这张卡片，card是 原词复现。故选A。card卡片；boy男孩； money钱；menu莱单。 7.B句意：他同意了，我就走了。根据下文 “and off I went'”可知，他同意了作者的请求。 故选B。hesitate犹豫；agree同意，答应；cry 哭：laugh笑 8.D句意：事实证明，我们的许多调味料和酱 汁都含有男孩的过敏原。It turned out that 是固定句型，意为“结果证明；事实证明”。 故选D。come to来到；look like看起来像； end up结果，最终；turn out结果是，事实 证明。 9.C句意：经过努力，我为他找到了一个安全 的选择，并因他对肉类过敏而采取了额外的 预防措施。根据下文“took extra precau tios”可知，作者采取了额外的预防措施，为 小男孩找到了一个安全的选择。故选C。 clever聪明的；cheap便宜的；safe安全的； new新的。 10.A句意：这位父亲很感激，并解释说他们 一直在努力寻找合适的用餐选择。根据本 句的过去完成时态以及空后的“to find suit- able dining options'”可知，他们一直在努力 寻找合适的用餐选择。struggle to do sth.意 为“努力做某事”。故选A。struggle努力； pretend假装；decide决定；forget忘记。 11.C句意：这标志着一种特殊联系的开始， 因为他们成了常客，每周至少来一次。根 据下文“as they became12 customers visiting at least once a week”可知，父子俩成 了餐厅的常客，所以那一次就餐标志着 种特殊联系的开始。故选C。design设计； break打破；mark标志；keep保持。 12.B句意同上a根据下文“visiting at least once a week”可知，父子俩成了餐厅的常 客。故选B。private私人的；regular有规律 的，经常的；normal正常的；curious好奇的。 13.D句意：我得到的积极回应是一个令人振 奋的提醒，通过真正的关心和理解，我们可 以有所作为。根据上文“This11the beginning of a special connection,as they became 12 customers,visiting at least once a week.”可知，这是作者得到的积极 回应。故选D。lesson课，教训；present礼 物；envy羡慕；response反应。 14.A句意同上。make a difference意为“有 影响；起（重要）作用”。此处指通过真正的 关心和理解，我们可以有所作为。故进A。 difference差异；change改变；sense意义； promise承诺。 15.C句意：这强化了我的承诺，即确保每位 客人的体验都令人难忘，并且他们可以定 制自己的独特需求。根据下文“their unique needs'”可知，此处指定制顾客的独特 需求。敌选C。accept接受；promote促进； tailor定制：dismiss解雇。 2网勾·讲与练·高三英语L 课时作业20 Natural 和家人一起拆除大山，连接外面的世界。后 面跟名词作宾语，表示“不顾”应用介词de disasters(二) spite。故填despite I.阅读理解 2.determination考查词性转换。句意：这个故 A 事激励了中国人团结起来，用决心和努力克 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主 服困难。作介词with的宾语，应用名词de 要说明了人工智能可能实现给出准确的地震 termination,故填determination。 预测，并介绍了其工作原理以及意义。 3.was built考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一 1.B细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Once 致。句意：当地人民在10年内沿着太行山的 trained,the AI offered predictions by detecting 悬崖修建了一条1500千米长的水道，将与 early indicators of quakes hidden within the 山西接壤的漳河的宝贵水资源输送到干旱 planet'slow-frequency rumbles(隆隆声). 地区。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文 可知，人工智能分析地球的背景声音预测地 “within I0 years”可知发生在过去，用一般过 震事件。故选B。 去时的被动语态，主语为“A1,500-kilome- 2.C推理判断题。根据第三段的内容可知 ter-long waterway”,谓语用单数。故填was Alexandros Savvaidis想在第三段说明发展人 built 工智能预测的意义。故选C。 4.a考查冠词。句意：最初，寻找饮用水对居 3.A细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的 民来说是件头疼的事：人们不得不每天从五 "Their next step is to test artificial intelli 千米外的地方打水。此处headache为泛指， gence...making it an ideal location for these 且其发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。 purposes..”可知，接下来的研究重点是在不5.To ease考查非谓语动词。句意：为了缓解 同地点进行测试。敌选A。 这一地区的缺水问题，当地政府决定在山区 4.D推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Ad- 修建一条运河，这是一项了不起的工程成 vances in artificial intelligence (AI)are indi- 就。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作目 cating that accurate quake forecasting may be 的状语，应用不定式，位于句首，首字母大 attainable,thereby casting doubt on the con- 写。故填To ease。 ventional wisdom that such an accomplishment 6.whose考查定语从句。句意：同上。非限制 is beyond our capabilities.”以及最后一段中 性定语从句中修饰先行词canal,关系词在从句 的“That may be a long way of,but many ad- 中作定语。故填whose。 vances such as this one,.taken together,.are7.hung考查动词的时态。句意：人们把绳子 what moves science forward..”可推知，地震 系在腰上，挂在悬崖上，在岩石上钻孔，然后 预测技术具有开创性和前景。敌选D。 B 用简单的工具挖运河。根据上文“People tied ropes around their waists and”可知，应为 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。Brigham 一般过去时。故填hung。 Young大学火灾研究实验室的一项新研究正 8.removing考查非谓语动词。句意：从1960 在深入研究火灾如何引发的微观细节，以提供 年2月到1969年7月，他们夷平了1250座 更多关于如何有效控制野火的信息。 山顶，挖了211条隧道，移走了2225万立方 5.C主旨大意题。根据第二段的内容可知 米的土石。分析句子结构可知，remove与逻 第二段主要介绍了Thomas H.Fletcher和合 辑主语hey构成主动关系，敌用现在分词作 著者开展研究的具体步骤。 状语。故填removing。 6.A细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知 9.benefits考查名词的数。句意：他们的努力 研究发现植物的化学成分影响其燃烧前的 获得了多方面的好处。根据上文“multiple” 分解速度，进而影响火灾发生的速度。 可知，benefit应用复数形式。故填benefits 7.B词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句的上文 10.dramatically考查词性转换。句意：正是这 "Very detailed models that already exist take 条运河极大地改变了当地人民的生活，灌 up to two weeks to run on very big computers 溉了大约3.6万公顷土地，解决了大约 and by that time,the fire has moved and it's 56.7万人的供水困难。修饰动词change应 not in the same place anymore..”可知，已经 用副词。故填dramatically 存在的非常详细的模型的弊端在于其耗时 过久，导致无法对已经转移的火灾进行管 课时作业21 The world 理，再结合画线词的上文“We're aiming to- online(一) wards giving answers”和下文“in the next20 I.阅读理解 minutes or half hour instead of the next two A weeks”可推知，Fletcher的研究目的是在很 【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介 短的时间内给出火灾如何扩散、蔓延的答绍了几个最好的免费打电话的应用程序 案，确保模型的时效性，画线词意思应该是1.B细节理解题。根据XXchat部分的 “传播，扩散”，与spread意思相近。 "Since you can only call other XXchat users, 8.B细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Oum you can't use the app to call home phones or model can't prevent a fire,but it can help with devices that aren't using the app.”可知，XX decisions on how to manage fires so that when chat的缺点是它的连接是有限的，只能呼叫 a fire starts,it doesn't blow up into a huge 其他XXchat用户，不能呼叫家庭电话或未 uncontrollable fire..”可知，研究者开发该新模 使用该应用的设备。故选B。 型是为了更有效地控制野火。 2.A细节理解题。根据Telescope部分的“A Ⅱ.语法填空 popular feature in this app is groups.You can 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。20世纪 have up to 200,000 people in a single 60年代，河南省林县人民在10年内沿着太行 group!”可知，Telescope的特点是能群组通 山的悬崖修建了一条1500千米长的水道，将 话。故选A。 宝贵水资源输送到干早地区。 3.D细节理解题。根据Text部分的“To 1.despite考查介词。句意：中国有这样一个 make phone calls to non-users,like land line 故事：一位90多岁的老人不顾别人的怀疑， phones,you need to buy or earn redeemable -540-