课时作业19 Laugh out Loud!-【红对勾讲与练·练习手册】2026年高考英语大一轮复习全新方案通用版（外研版）

选择性必修第一册 课时作业19 （总分：3 I.阅读理解（每小题2.5分，共20分） A (2025·T8联考卷) It goes without saying that hard physical labor wears you out,but what about hard mental labor? “Influential theories suggested that fatigue(疲惫)isa sort of illusion cooked up by the brain to make us stop whatever we are doing and turn to a more gratifying activity,"says Mathias Pessiglione of Pitie-Salpetriere University in Paris,France."But our findings show that cognitive work results in a true functional transformation-accumulation of toxic substances-so fatigue would indeed be a signal that makes us stop working but for a different purpose:to preserve the integrity of brain functioning." Pessiglione and colleagues wanted to understand what mental fatigue really is.They used magnetic resonance spectroscopy MRS )to monitor brain chemistry over the course of a workday.They studied two groups of people:those who needed to think hard and those who had relatively simple cognitive tasks. They saw signs of fatigue,only in the group doing hard mental work.Those in that group also exhibited in their choices a change toward options proposing rewards at short delay with minimal effort. Critically,they also had higher levels of glutamate( 氨酸)in the brain's prefrontal cortex(前额皮质). Together with earlier evidence,the scientists say it supports the hypothesis that glutamate accumulation makes further activation of the prefrontal cortex more costly,such that cognitive control is more difficult after a mentally tough workday So,is there some way to overcome this limitation of our brain's ability to think hard?"Not really,I'm afraid,"Pessiglione said."I would employ good old recipes:rest and sleep!There is good evidence that glutamate is removed from the brain during sleep. There may be other practical implications of the findings.For example,the researchers say,monitoring of prefrontal cortex could help to detect severe mental fatigue.Such an ability may help adjust work agendas (横线下方不可作答)4 班级： 姓名： augh out loud! 2.5分) to avoid burnout.Pessiglione also advises people to avoid making important decisions when they're tired. 1.What does the underlined word "gratifying"in Paragraph 1 mean? A.Relaxing. B.Complex. C.Temporary. D.Rewarding. 2.What does the group performing hard mental work exhibit in the study? ( A.Fewer signs of mental fatigue. B.Greater motivation and effort. C.Higher efficiency in complex tasks. D.Stronger preference for immediate rewards. 3.What do we know about glutamate accumulation? A.It causes a sense of peaceful mind. B.It enhances brain function in a limited way. C.It signals the brain is emptying its mental energy. D.It decreases the cost of prefrontal cortex activation. 4.What is Pessiglione's advice for those overwhelmed by mentally demanding tasks? () A.Remove them from the work agenda. B.Reduce the complexity of all cognitive tasks. C.Schedule strategic breaks to allow for recovery. D.Apply technology to monitoring the brain activity. B (2025·重庆南开中学摸底) Jokes and humor are often thought of as unimpor- tant.If the lawyer defending you in court couldn't stop joking,you'd be understandably alarmed. However,regarding humor as insignificant is a mistake.Humor,jokes and laughter,have a vital role to play in human behavior and interaction.They are a powerful part of social bonding and are genuinely beneficial for health via their stress-relieving properties. Why do we respond,in such powerful and rewarding ways,to things that objectively make little sense?A substantial amount of data has been generated regarding how humor works in the brain and on the various types of recognisable jokes that trigger it. Verbal puns,the most familiar type of joke, involve words that convey two meanings at once.For 85 选择性必修第一册 example,"Why did the golfer wear two pairs of trousers?In case he got a hole in one."Here "hole in one"has two possible interpretations.Their simplicity and familiarity mean most people recognise the humor in puns.So,the brain's humor processes are still engaged. But where does humor arise from in the brain? Considerable research points towards a specific system in the brain for recognizing humor.This system seemingly detects and resolves incongruity(不协调). Our brains know how things,like language and behaviors,should work.But,in the real world,many things don't match our expectations.It seems our brains have evolved a system to recognise when this happens. If normality is subverted,it means we don't know what's going to happen,which creates cognitive )tension.However,the system that recognises incongruity seemingly also resolves it,by providing an explanation,or at least a confirmation that the incongruity has no negative consequences.This removes the uncertainty,relieving the tension.So,we experience a rewarding feeling.If the incongruity is not resolved,however,humor is absent.If the answer to "Why did the golfer wear two pairs of trousers?"is "in case the metal owl that lives in his gold bag attacks him",that's not funny.There's unresolved incongruity. Humor is essentially our brain going,"This isn't how things usually work...but I'm okay with it!" 5.What does the author say about humor in the first two paragraphs？ A.Its positive role is often underrated. B.It mainly serves to entertain and amuse. C.Its harmful effects shouldn't be ignored. D.It is essential for professional communication. 6.Why does the author mention the“hole in one” example in paragraph 4? A.To prove a theory. B.To draw a conclusion. C.To illustrate a concept. D.To make a comparison. 7.What does the underlined word "subverted"in paragraph 6 probably mean? A.Detected. B.Overturned. C.Established. D.Repeated. 8.What is the best title for the text? A.How Jokes Affect Brain Structures B.Using Humor to Boost Brain Power 红对勾·讲与练4 C.Jokes and the Brain's Reward System D.Unlocking Brain Secrets Behind Humor Ⅱ.阅读七选五（每小题2.5分，共12.5分） (2024·陕西榆林模拟) How to Be Funny? Humor can help you connect with other people and make unpleasant situations a little more bearable. 1()But it's not that hard once you tap into your inner sense of humor.Even if you don't think you're naturally funny,there are things you can do to make yourself and other people laugh. Learn from funny people.You can expand your reach a good deal by listening to other funny people. Whether they're professional comedians,your parents, your kids,or your boss,learning from the funny people in your life is a key step towards being a funny person.2()Look for what you admire most in these people. Broaden your factual knowledge for joke material. 3()They may be your amazing knowledge of 17th-century poetry,your familiarity with fishing trips that went wrong,etc.Whatever the material is,it needs to resonate(☑引起共鸣)with your audience. 4()Being funny doesn't come in a one-size- fits-all package.What makes you funny is unique to you and the way you observe the world.Trust that you do have a funny bone;as babies,we laugh from four months of age,and all children express humor naturally from the kindergarten age,using humor to entertain themselves and others.It's already in you. You just need to bring it out! Read,read,read.Get your hands on everything that is funny,and consume it like your mom told you not to.Chemists become chemists by reading and practicing chemistry.Sports writers become sports writers by reading and writing about sports.5() A.Strike while the iron is hot. B.Trust in your inner sense of humor. C.Observe the funnier things these people say or do. D.Being funny might seem to take a great deal of work. E.It's much easier to find funny moments in familiar material. F.You'll become a humorous person by reading and practicing jokes. G.The better you know someone,the easier it will be to make them laugh. 86 高三英语WY课时作业16 Amazing art 课时作业17 What an 1.B细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Once trained,the Al offered predictions by detecting I.阅读理解 adventure early indicators of quakes hidden within the I,阅读理解 planet'slow-frequency rumbles（隆隆声).” [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主 A 可知，人工智能分析地球的背景声音预测地 要介绍了意大利文艺复兴时期的开创者乔托， [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主 震事件。故选B。 介绍了其艺术特色和绘画技巧等。 要讲述了Sian Davies在61岁时决定划船穿越 1.B推理判断题。根据文章第一段的内容可大西洋的经历和她的感受。 2.C推理判断题。根据第三段的内容可知， Alexandros Savvaidis想在第三段说明发展人 知，第一段提到苍蝇是为了说明这只苍蝇画1.B细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“We 工智能预测的意义。故远C。 得栩栩如生。 would row in three-hour shifts and only sleep :3A 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的 2.D细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“… for an hour or so every six hours."和“For the "Their next step is to test artificial intelli- he drew a picture on a rock and that the artist first 15 days,I was seasick,so I hardly ate gence...making it an ideal location for these Cimabue,who happened to be passing by, anything.I was just rowing and collapsing.I purposes.”可知，接下来的研究重点是在不 saw him at work and was so impressed with went through some pretty dark times.”可知 同地点进行测试。故选A。 the boy's talent that he took him into his studio Davies在过程中遭受了很多苦难。 4.D 推理判断题。根据第一段中的 as an apprentice(学徒).”可知，Cimabue将2.D细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的 "Advances in artificial intelligence Al)are 乔托收为自己的学徒是因为他觉得乔托极 “‘As soon as I got on the water,I fell in love indicating that accurate quake forecasting may 具艺术天赋，有发展前途。 with it,she says.'Feeling your whole body be attainable,thereby casting doubt on the 3.A推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“In working and the fresh air on your skin is conventional wisdom that such an accomplish- the Middle Ages,an apprentice's job was to amazing.,”可知，Davies对她的第一次划船 ment is beyond our capabilities.”以及最后- copy his master as exactly as he could,which 尝试感到印象深刻。 段中的“That may be a long way off,but resulted in a distinct lack of new ideas.In 3.C细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的 many advances such as this one,taken togeth- fact,art in the Middle Ages seemed to have "One day I was reading about women adven er,are what moves science forward..”可推 been stuck in a rut.”可知，中世纪的艺术缺乏 turers when it hit me that once better,I would 知，地震预测技术具有开创性和前景。故 创新。 row across an ocean.”可知，一些女性冒险家 选D。 4.A推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的“He 的故事激发了Davies划船穿越大洋的灵感 B painted people the way he saw them,instead 4.D推理判断题。根据第一段中的“山 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。Brigham of the overly tall and boxy people that other March 2021,she was one of the 12 crew Young大学火灾研究实验室的一项新研究正 artists painted.”以及“Instead,Giotto painted members who set out on the 3,000-mile jour- 在深入研究火灾如何引发的微观细节，以提供 the Christ Child as a baby,which emphasized ney from Tenerife to battle sun,salt and fierce 更多关于如何有效控制野火的信息。 the human relationship between the child and currents.”以及最后一段中的“I want to mo- 5.C主旨大意题。根据第二段的内容可知 his mother.”可知，乔托把圣婴描绘成一个要 torcycle through the Himalayas later in the 第二段主要介绍了Thomas H.Fletcher和合 儿是运用了写实的方式描绘人物。 year”可知，她是一个意志坚强和有雄心出 著者开展研究的具体步骤。 B 志的人。 6.A细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知 [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主 研究发现植物的化学成分影响其燃烧前的 要讲述了作者作为一位在Guggenheim博物馆 [语篇解读]本文是一篇新闻报道。报道 分解速度，进而影响火灾发生的速度。 工作的保安，对艺术品标签的反思，并且作者 主要介绍了AstroAccess组织参与者进行失重 7.B词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句的上文 鼓励观众摆脱预设观念，直接感受艺术品 体验，腰部瘫痪的Mazyck就是其中一名参与 "Very detailed models that already exist take 本身。 者。AstroAccess正在努力使所有人都能进入 up to two weeks to run on very big computers 5.A推理判断题。根据第一段中“But now, 太空。 and by that time,the fire has moved and it's more often than not...its definitive tone sending 5.B细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Mazyck not in the same place anymore.”可知，已经 the message that there's only one right answer was one of 12 participants in a Zero G flight 存在的非常详细的模型的弊端在于其耗时 to the art.”可知，作者开始质疑并希望去除 organized by the group AstroAccess.This type 过久，导致无法对已经转移的火灾进行管 艺术品旁的标签说明，认为它们限制了人们 of flight recreates the weightlessness that astro- 理，再结合画线词的上文“We're aiming 对艺术的多角度理解，表明他在形成自己的 nauts experience without going all the way to towards giving answers"和下文“in the next20 判断 space.”可知，AstroAccess提供失重体验 minutes or half hour instead of the next two 6.B推理判断题。根据第二段中“I realized 6.D细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的 weeks”可推知，Fletcher的研究目的是在很 "During the flight,she says,the participants that art historians could be unreliable narrators 短的时间内给出火灾如何扩散、蔓延的答 did experiments and made observations. 可 (叙述者).”及“The work looks different ev- 案，确保模型的时效性，画线词意思应该是 知，参与者的飞行要求是试验和观察。 ery time it's shown-not that you'd know it “传播，扩散”，与spread意思相近。 7.C推理判断题。根据第三段的内容以及倒 from the wall text.”可知，通过介绍Tearing 8.B细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Our Lead雕塑的例子，指出助理告诉作者雕塑本 数第三段中的“‘Space removes the barriers model can't prevent a fire,but it can help with 应随意排列金属片，而墙上的文字说明并未 between people;now is the time to remove the decisions on how to manage fires so that when 反映这一信息，说明墙上的解说并不总是准 barriers to space itself,says Mazyck.'It is a fire starts,it doesn't blow up into a huge, 确的，甚至可能是误导的」 sending a message to people...not only is there uncontrollable fire.”可知，研究者开发该新模 7.C推理判断题。根据第三段中的“.I tried room for you in space,there is a need for 型是为了更有效地控制野火。 you.’”可推知，Mazyck勇敢且乐观。 Ⅱ.完形填空 to stand in front of the wall label so people 8C主旨大意题。根据全文，尤其是最后一 1.A2.D3.C4.B5.B6.D7.C couldn't see it,and I heard their interpretations go wild.”可知，作者站在墙上的标签前，是 段的内容可知，本文主要讲的是AstroAccess 8.A9.A10.C11.B12.A13.B 组织参与者进行失重体验，腰部撞痪的 14.B15.C 为了让访客在没有预设解释的情况下自由 地欣赏和解读雕塑，促使他们自己进行 Mazyck就是其中一名参与者。AstroAccess 课时作业19 Laugh out loud! 正在努力使所有人都能进入太空。C项“让 欣赏。 太空成为每个人的地方”最适合作为文章标题。 【.阅读理解 8.D主旨大意题。根据全文内容及最后一段 Ⅱ.语法填空 4 中的“If I learned one thing as a guard.,focus 1.despite 2.determination 3.was built [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主 instead on what is there.”可知，文章主要讲 4.a 5.To ease 6.whose 7.hung 要介绍了脑力菠惫是什么，脑力疲惫产生时大 述了作者作为博物馆警卫的体验，如何从这 8.removing 9.benefits 10.dramatically 脑皮层里会发生哪些变化，以及应该采取哪些 个角色中学到了不依赖墙上的解说，而且鼓 措施来应对脑力疲惫」 励人们自主观察和理解艺术，因此D项“当 课时作业l8 Disaster 1.A词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“Influen 博物馆警卫教会我的观看艺术之道”最能概 and hope tial theories suggested that fatigue(疲惫)isa 括全文主旨，适合作为文章标题。 I.阅读理解 sort of illusion cooked up by the brain to make Ⅱ.完形填空 A us stop whatever we are doing and turn to a 1.A2.C3.B4.A5.D6.B7.A [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主 more gratifying activity.”可知，当身体感到 8.B9.A10.D11.C12.B13.A 要说明了人工智能可能实现给出准确的地震 疲惫时，大脑会让我们停下手里的工作，转 14.A15.D 预测，并介绍了其工作原理以及意义。 向“轻松的”活动。 2对勾·讲与练·高三英语WY -580- 2.D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Those in B 后面的“continues to grow”可推测，此处指的 that group also exhibited in their choices a [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主 是“比赛场地的数量”，即比赛场地的数量继 change toward options proposing rewards at 要讲述了曾经是《ELLE》杂志的编辑的Jean 续以每个月几十个的速度增长。故选C」 short delay with minimal effort.”可知，实验Dominique因严重疾病导致身体几乎完全瘫 7.D推理判断题。根据最后一段中的 中从事艰苦脑力劳动的小组会倾向于以最 痪，但凭借顽强的意志和独特的沟通方式，用 "Shields adds that pickleball still needs a fa- 小努力在短时间内获得奖励的选择 思想书写自传《潜水钟与蝴蝶》的感人故事。 mous star to draw in wider audiences”可知 3.C推理判断题。根据第三段的最后一句5.C推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Such is “a famous star'”的作用是吸引更多的观众 "Together with earlier evidence,the scientists the story of...using only his mind.”,以及第二 所以推测“a famous star”对于匹克球运动而 say it supports the hypothesis that glutamate 段中的“Jean,an editor of..extremely rare 言应该是具有很大影响的。故选D accumulation makes further activation of the condition.”可知，作者使用“a diving bell'”是 8.B标题归纳题。文章第一段指出了匹克球 prefrontal cortex more costly,such that cogni- 为了形象地展示Jean的身体完全无法动弹 这项运动在美国发展很快，第二段介绍了匹 tive control is more difficult after a mentally 的欲态，就像被困在潜水钟里一样。这种比 克球的起源，后面几段介绍了这项运动的发 tough workday.”可知，谷氨酸的积累使前额 喻帮助读者更直观地理解Jean所经历的 展和前景。所以文章主要都在围绕“匹克球 皮质进一步激活的成本更高（更费力），因此 困境。 运动的快速发展”这个主题展开。故选B 在脑力紧张的工作日之后，认知控制变得更6.D推理判断题。根据第三段可推断，第三 Ⅱ.语法填空 加困难。由此可推知，谷氨酸的积累标志着 段的目的是让读者通过尝试只用左眼阅读 1.for 2.revealing 3.was listed 4.an 大脑正在耗尽精神能量。 来体验Jean所面临的困境，从而更深入地理 5.original 6.which/that 7.popularity 4.C推理判断题。根据第四段中Pessiglione 解和感受他所经历的艰难。这种方式有助 8.destinations 9.to swim 10.gradually 所说的“I would employ good old recipes:rest 于读者与Jean的处境产生共鸣 课时作业22 Meeting the muse and sleep!There is good evidence that gluta-7.A主旨大意题。根据文章第四段中的 I.阅读理解 mate is removed from the brain during sleep.' “Jean's therapist(治疗专家)designed..to A 可知，Pessiglione建议那些从事高脑力任务 pen his memoir(自传).”可知，第四段主要 [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主 的人要合理安排休息时间。 讲述了Jean如何通过眨动左眼与治疗专家 要讲述了一位失聪者在音乐道路上的成长历 沟通，并学会用这种方式拼写他心中的句 程。作者通过描述自己对打碟的热爱、克服听 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介 子，从而完成他的自传。这种独特的“写作” 力障碍进行表演、与他人的互动等，展现了他 绍了人们在听到笑话并理解其中的幽默感时 方式是他为了克服身体无法动弹的困境而 对打碟的执着追求，同时也传达了“只要追逐 大脑的工作机制。 学会的。 梦想，任何困难都不能阻挡”的信念。 5.A细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Jokes8.C推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，在书 :1.B细节理解题。根据第二段中的“My dad and humor are often thought of as unimpor 的结尾部分，Jean通过思考钱包里的钥匙等 was a DJ..desired to learn more.”可知，作者 tant."和第二段中的“However,regarding hu 物品，表达了他对于打开自己困境（潜水钟）》 的父亲是DJ,并且在作者18岁生日时让他 mor as insignificant is a mistake.”可知，幽默 的渴望，并表示会继续寻找自由和可能的出 在餐厅做DJ,这激发了作者对DJ的热情。 给人们带来的积极作用和影响经常被低估」 路。这种表达突显了他面对困境时的坚强 2.B推理判断题。根据第三段中的“When I 6.C推理判断题。根据第四段可知，此处在 意志和精神力量。 started..not out of sympathy.”可知，作者在表 通过举例对pun(双关语)作进一步的解释说Ⅱ.完形填空 演前不告诉俱乐部经理自己是聋人是为了 明。 1.B2.D3.C4.A5.D6.B7.D 避免歧视」 7.B词义猜测题。根据第五段中的“But,in8.C9.A10.C11.A12.D13.B 3.A词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“It was the real world..when this happens..”以及画线14.A15.C reassurance that they were giving me opportu- 词下文“..it means we don't know what's nities to perform because I was brilliant,not going to happen,which creates cognitive 课时作业21 Faster, out of sympathy.Eventually people started 知)tension.”可知，此处“normality is subver- higher,stronger calling me 'that deaf DJ',and the name td”指的是正常的符合人们预期的表达被颠：I.阅读理解 stuck.”可知，最终人们开始称呼作者为“那 覆或者推翻会造成大脑的紧张感。故画线 A 个聋DJ”,这个名字被大家接受并流传开来。 词意思是“推翻” [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。作者热 故stuck意为“被接受，流传开来”，即became 8.D主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第二段可爱篮球，因膝盖受伤而放弃成为运动员的梦 established 知，本文旨在介绍人们在听到幽默或者笑话：想，成为一名教练，作者从中获益良多。 4.A推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“What 时，大脑是如何进行信息加工和处理，以便1.B细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I had my fascinates me about deejaying is the creativi- 人们能够领悟幽默感的。 knee broken,unfortunately,terminating my ty.”以及“I go to elementary schools..believ- Ⅱ.阅读七选五 career as a player..”可知，一次严重的受伤打 ing in themselves..”可知，作者喜欢做DJ是 1.D2.C3.E4.B5.E 破了作者成为篮球运动员的梦想。 因为它增强了作者的自信心。 B 课时作业20 Onwards 2.A词义猜测题。根据画线词后“After all,I was only a senior girl in high school coaching [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主 and upwards a seventh grade basketball team.”可知，作者 要介绍了戏剧的力量及其对社会和个人的 I.阅读理解 当时只是一个高中高年级的女生，执教一支 影响。 七年级篮球队，起初应是有点担心，appre- 5.D细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Plays are [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。一个小 hensive意为“担心的” sometimes attempting to spread awareness 男孩在一次学校火灾中严重受伤，但他凭借坚 about problems like racism,sexism,etc.”可 3.D细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“My 定的信念和不懈的努力，最终克服身体障碍， 知，戏剧可以揭露社会问题。 甚至成为世界最快一英里纪录的创造者。 players taught me.,myself as a person..”可知， 6.C推理判断题。根据第三段可知，作者引 作为教练，作者在自我了解方面受益最大。 1.C细节理解题。根据第一段中的“A1itle 用Lemony Snicket的话是为了强调戏剧的功 4.C推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“They boy had the job...and his classmates arrived." 能 taught me how to be...an individual and as a 可知，小男孩每天早来学校是为了生火 7.D推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“While coach.”可知，当教练的经历让作者走出了受 取暖」 cinema is prerecorded...raw,more organic." 伤的阴影。 2.A推理判断题。根据第二段中的“They 可知，戏剧带给人们的是现场体验 dragged the unconscious...a nearby county 8.B主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第-段 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主 hospital.”可知，小男孩被严重烧伤。 内容可知，本文主要讨论的是戏剧的力量。 要介绍了美国快速发展的运动项目一四 3.B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But Ⅱ.完形填空 克球。 1.A2.B3.D4.C5.B6.C7.B unfortunately from his waist down,he had no 5.A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The 8.D9.A10.D11.C12.D13.B motor ability.His thin legs just dangled founders are said to have named the game after 14.C15.A 荡)there,lifeless.”可知，小男孩出院后面 a family dog called Pickles.”可知，匹克球运 临着再也不能走路的问题 动是以一条狗的名字命名的。故选A。 课时作业23 Revealing nature 4.C细节理解题。根据第三段中的“One6.C词义猜测题。根据上文中的“The couns- I,阅读理解 day,he threw himself..he would walk.”可 try has only about 10,000 places to play,by 4 知，小男孩是通过每天沿着栅栏拖着自己练 USA Pickleball's count..”可知，这个国家只 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。当成年 习来重新走路的。 有大约1万个匹克球运动场地，再根据tht人类遇到婴儿时，许多人会情不自禁地用更高 -581- 参考答案“☑。