课时作业13 Knowing Me, Knowing You-【红对勾讲与练·练习手册】2026年高考英语大一轮复习全新方案通用版（外研版）

⊙必修第三册 课时作业13 Knowir （总分： I.阅读理解（每小题2.5分，共20分） A (2024·广东佛山模拟) Initial conversations can have a huge impact on how relationships develop over time.People are often stuck in the impressions they think they might have made the minute they finish speaking with someone for the first time:"Did they like me or were they just being polite?""Were they deep in thought or deeply bored?” To find out whether these worries are necessary, we have conducted nearly 10 years of research.In our studies,participants in the UK talked with someone they had never met before.Afterward,they were asked how much they liked their conversation partner and how much they believed that their conversation partner liked them.This allowed us to compare how much people believed they were liked to how much they were actually liked. Time and time again,we found that people left their conversations with negative feelings about the impression they made.That is,people systematically underestimate how much their conversation partners like them and enjoy their company-a false belief we call the“liking gap”. This bias(偏见)may seem like something that would occur only in initial interactions,but its effects extend far beyond a first impression.Surprisingly,the liking gap can constantly affect a variety of relationships,including interactions with coworkers, long after the initial conversations have taken place. Having a larger liking gap is associated with being less willing to ask workmates for help,less willing to provide workmates with open and honest feedback,and less willing to work on another project together. There are numerous strategies to minimize your (横线下方不可作答)「47 班级： 姓名： g me,knowing you 35分) biased feelings.One place to start is shifting your focus of attention.Try to direct your attention to your conversation partner,be genuinely curious about them, ask them more questions,and really listen to their answers.The more you're zeroed in on the other person,and the less you're focused on yourself,the better your conversation will be and the less your mind will turn to all the things you think you didn't do well. 1.Why did the author carry out 10 years of research? () A.To dismiss national concerns. B.To check out a potential bias. C.To enhance human communication. D.To develop harmonious relationships. 2.What is one effect of people's liking gap?( A.Fewer chances of new projects. B.Underestimation of their ability C.Bad relationships with people around. D.Low willingness to interact with others. 3.What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph? A.Restate opinions.B.Deliver warnings. C.Give suggestions.D.Make a summary. 4.Which might be the best title for the text?( A.Liking Gap May Influence Work Performances B.First Impressions Rely On Initial Conversations C.People Probably Like You More Than You Think D.How People Like You Matters Less Than You Assume B (2025·八省联考卷) Jane Jacobs spent her working life advancing a distinct vision of the city-in particular focusing on what makes a successful urban community.At the heart of her vision is the idea that urban life should be an energetic and rich affair,whereby people are able to 3] 必修第三册 interact with one another in dense (and exciting urban environments.She prefers disorder to order, walking to driving,and diversity to uniformity. For Jacobs,urban communities are organic beings that should be left to grow and change by themselves and not be subject to the grand plans of so-called experts and officials.The best judges of how a city should be-and how it should develop-are the local residents themselves.Jacobs argues that urban communities are best placed to understand how their city functions,because city life is created and sustained through their various interactions. Jacobs notes that the built form of a city is crucial to the life of an urban community,especially the sidewalks.The streets in which people live should be a tight pattern of crossed sidewalks,which allow people to meet,talk,and get to know one another.Such a complex but ultimately enriching set of encounters helps individuals know their neighbours and neighbourhood better. Diversity and mixed-use of space are also,for Jacobs,key elements of this urban form.The commercial,business,and residential elements of a city should not be separated out but instead be side by side,to allow for greater integration of people.There should also be a diversity of old and new buildings, and people's interactions should determine how buildings get used and reused. Finally,urban communities grow better in places where a critical mass of people live,work,and interact.Such high-density spaces are,she feels, engines of creativity and vitality.They are also safe places to be,because the higher density means that there are more "eyes on the street":shopkeepers and locals who know their area and maintain a close watch over the neighbourhood. 5.What does Jacobs find most important for a successful urban community? A.Efficient public transport. B.Strong interaction between people. C.Uniform style of buildings. D.A comparatively large population. 红对勾·讲与练4 6.Who does Jacobs think should make decisions on urban development? A.Local residents. B.Government officials. C.City planners. D.Construction workers. 7.How does Jacobs suggest sidewalks be built? A.Lined with plants. B.Painted with clear signs. C.Tightly connected. D.Convenient for the old. 8.According to Jacobs,the "eyes on the street"bring a sense of A.pride B.comfort C.security D.urgency Ⅱ.语法填空（每小题1.5分，共15分） 得分 (2024·山西太原模拟) As the source of all life,water plays a vital role in Chinese culture,influencing both Chinese civilization and philosophy.Many Chinese legends reflect the 1 admire for water and the spirit of bravely fighting natural disasters caused by water.Yu, the first ruler of the Xia Dynasty,2 successful )controlled the floods by digging waterways so that the floodwater could flow into the sea smoothly.The Dujiangyan Irrigation System in Sichuan,first 3(construct)in 256 BCE, took advantage of the local natural features without 4 (damage)the environment.Additionally, water 5 give)philosophical meanings to help nurture Chinese people and govern the country, inspiring the ancient rulers 6 respect the will of people and follow the laws of nature.Confucius believed water had diverse 7 virtue including justice,courage and righteousness,so was suggested that people should learn from water and cultivate their sense of morality.Laozi gave birth to the idea of overcoming hardness with softness and non-action.Xunzi compared a ruler and his people 9 a boat and water to show the importance of the people in society.Water,being an essential element in daily life,is a symbol in Chinese culture,10 flows through Chinese civilization. 4 高三英语WY6.B词义猜测题。分析画线词所在句的结构 selves.”可知，Jane Jacobs认为城市应该如何7.B细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Using 可知，该句为定语从句，先行词为“a surface 发展应该由当地居民决定。敌选A。 tips she earned from working at her parents layer of low-alkalinity(低碱度)water'”,再由7.C细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The bread shop,Emily bought many books out of “The decline happens'”可知，海洋表层的低碱 streets in which people live should be a tight her own pocket..”可知，Emily在她父母家的 度海水应该是能够削弱海洋吸收二氧化碳 pattern of crossed sidewalks,which allow peo 面包店帮忙。故选B。 的能力。故hinder意为“削弱”，即weaken。 ple to meet,talk,and get to know one anoth- 8.C推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可推 故进B。 er.”可知，Jane Jacobs建议人行道应该紧密 知，Emily的图书捐赠话动获得了巨大的 7.A细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Climate 相连，这样能让人们相遇、交谈和互相了解。 成功。 simulations had previously shown...none had 故选C。 Ⅱ.完形填空 considered alkalinity as an explanation.”可知， 8.C细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“They 1.D2.A3.B4.C5.B6.A7.B 以前的气候模拟只是表明一直以来海洋吸 are also safe places to be,because the higher 8.D9.D10.B11.A12.C13.A 收二氧化碳的能力在减弱，但是没有一个考 density means that there are more'eyes on the 14.D15.C 虑到是碱度的原因。由此可知，Megumi street':shopkeepers and locals who know their Chikamoto谈到查明为什么海洋降低了二氧 课时作业15 The world of science area and maintain a close watch over the neigh- 化碳的吸收很困难。政选A。 bourhood.”可知，“eyes on the street'”指的是 【,阅读理解 8.D推理判断题。文章主要介绍了海洋吸收 店主和当地人对街区的密切关注，这会带来 A 二氧化碳的能力对气候变暖的影响，与自然 安全感。故选C。 [语篇解读]本文是一篇新闻报道。机器 环境紧密相关，故文章有可能来自一本环境 Ⅱ.语法填空 人初创公司Akin的创始人Yearsley正在开发 期刊。故选D。 1.admiration 2.successfully 的人工智能系统将为用户带来体贴和人性化 Ⅱ.完形填空 3.constructed 4.damaging 5.was given 的家庭管理服务，使“关怀”和“同理心”不再与 1.B2.A3.D4.A5.B6.C7.C 6.to respect 7.virtues 8.it 9.to 10.which 技术无关 8.B9.C10.A11.D12.A13.C 14.B15.D 课时作业l4 Making a difference 1.C推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“【n contrast,the AI that she is developing will be 课时作业13 Knowing me, I.阅读理解 designed to...refilling the fridge and support- ing social interactions like lunches or birthday knowing you [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主 celebrations with friends.”可知，Akin的人T [.阅读理解 要讲述了Debra Ferrell在她的53岁生日时收 智能系统支持与家人一起度过更多时间。 A 到别人的求助信息并给予了别人帮助，以及她 2.B细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Yearsley [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主 长期致力于帮助他人的故事。 began developing the Akin technology in 要说明了什么是“好感认知差距”及其对人们1.A细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Debr阳 社交关系的影响，并提出了解决策略 2017,when she realized...women unequally Ferrell got the standard well-wishes on Face bear the burden of household work.”可知 1.B细节理解题。根据第一段的内容以及第 book on her 53rd birthday,but she got some Yearsley的AI系统研发的原因之一就是家 二段中的“To find out whether these worries unusual messages too.was extremely sad.”以 庭主妇的沉重负担。 are necessary,we have conducted nearly 10 及第二段中的“That message and the30orso years of research..”可知，作者进行l0年的研 3.C推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Current others like it were exactly what Ferrell was 究是为了找出潜在的偏见。故选B。 looking for..”可知，Ferrell在生日那天收到 home devices...she assumes,are questionable 2.D细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的 了请求帮助的消息。故远A。 or just unhealthy.”和第三段中的“In con- "Having a larger liking gap is associated with2.B 词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“When trast,the AI that she is developing...supporting social interactions like lunches or birthday cele- being less willing to ask workmates for help, she got the note about the Minnesota family.. brations with friends.”可知，Akin公司的人 less willing to provide workmates with open where his brother can go to listen to it whenev and honest feedback,and less willing to work er he wants.”可知，挂在孩子卧室里的是 工智能系统是考虑周到的且新颖的。 on another project together.”可知，“好感认 Ferrell赠送的风铃，句中It指代的是上文提 4.A推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句 知差距”的一个影响是与他人互动的意愿降 及的风铃。故远B。 "Akin has received some early seed money 低。敌选D。 3.C推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“H from a handful of investors...and lead society 3.C推理判断题。根据最后一段“There are family often gives her some extra birthday cash into the future.”并结合全文可知，本文的目 numerous strategies.you didn't do well.”可j with a serious warning not to spend it on any 的是介绍Akin公司的一套未来人工智能 知，作者在最后一段想给出减少偏见感受的 one else..and she'll give if she wants to.”可 系统。 建议。故选C。 知，虽然家人要求Ferrell不要把钱花在其他 4.C主旨大意题。根据第三段“Time and 人身上，但是Ferrell仍然会继续帮助陌生人a [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。确认偏 time again,we found that people left their4.A推理判断题。根据第三段中的“For her 见是指人们倾向于寻找支持自身信念的信息 conversations with negative feelings about the 47th,in 2014,she founded...Be Love, 进而影响判断与决策。为了克服确认偏见，应 impression they made.That is,people system- Do Stuff..”以及最后一段中的“Her family of- 使信息来源多样化并主动质疑假设，提升理解 atically underestimate how much their conver- ten gives her some extra birthday cash...It's 和判断能力。 sation partners like them and enjoy their com- Ferrell's party,and she'll give if she wants 5.A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Another pany一a false belief we call the‘liking to.”可知，Debra Ferrell长期致力于帮助他 reason why people show confirmation bias is to g即'.”并结合全文可知，本文主要说明了什 人，还会买东西送给寻求帮助的陌生人，由此 protect their self-worth.”可知，人们是为了保 么是“好感认知差距”及其对人们社交关系 可知，她是既愤慨又有爱心的人。敌选A。 护自己的自尊而呈现出确认偏见。 的影响，并提出了解决策略。由此可知，C 6.B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“people 项“人们可能比你想象的更喜欢你”最适台 [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。来自美 were able to generate and remember more rea- 作文章标题。故选C。 国马里兰州的19岁的Emily Bhatnagar发现她 sons supporting their side of a controversial is- B 的父亲已经甲状腺癌四期时，决定发起图书捐 sue than the opposing side”可知，人们在面对 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介 贈活动，为癌症儿童募集书籍，并取得成功。 有争议的问题的时候，会偏向那些支持他们 绍了Jane Jacobs对城市社区的设想，她认为城5.D细节理解题。根据第一段中的“.her re- 立场的信息而不是与他们的立场相对立的 市社区应该是一个便于人们互相接触与交流、 sponse was different from what you might ex- 信息 彼此了解的地方。 pect.To honour her father,who she also de- 7.B写作手法题。第四段主要讲述确认偏见 5.B推理判断题。根据第-段中的“At the scribed as her best friend,she decided to start 在人际交往中的体现，最后给出例子“fa heart of her vision is the idea that urban life a book drive called For Love and Buttercup, new roommate is expected to...studies in the li- should be an energetic and rich affair,whereby collecting books for kids with cancer.”可知 brary.”来进行说明。因此，作者是运用举例 people are able to interact with one another in 发现父亲已经甲状腺痛四期时，Emily在网 的写作手法来解释说明人际沟通中的确认 dense(稠密)and exciting urban environ- 上发起了旧书捐赠活动。 偏见 ments..”可知，Jane Jacobs认为人们之间的互6.A推理判断题。根据第二段中的“but the 8.D主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章5个 动是城市生活的核心，对于成功的城市社区 response was truly incredible and it was just 自然段从概念、原因、表现、影响以及如何避 是非常重要的。故选B。 the push I needed to co-exist with my grief 免的角度，帮助读者深刻理解确认偏见并提 6.A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The best (悲伤)rather than letting it consume me”可 出了克服它的策路。 judges of how a city should be-and how it 推知，邻居们对Emily发起的旧书捐赠活动 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 should develop-are the local residents them- 的反应让她受到了鼓舞。 1.B2.D3.E4.G5.A -579- 参考答案“☑。