课时作业7 Food for Thought-【红对勾讲与练·练习手册】2026年高考英语大一轮复习全新方案通用版（外研版）

必修第二册 课时作业7Fo (总分：3 I.阅读理解（每小题2.5分，共20分） A (2025·广东广州一中开学考) If you haven't thought about tinned fish like anchovies and sardines,you're missing out on an affordable nutritious powerhouse since they're one of the healthiest snacks around,rich in omega-3 fatty acids,protein,calcium()and vitamin A.And how many other superfoods come in tins pretty enough to gift? Sardines ever appealed to almost everyone,"from salt-of-the-earth workers to the ones out of the top drawer",says Ari Weinzweig,co-founder of a food store in Ann Arbor,Michigan,which supplies more than 70 types of tinned fish.Weinzweig notes their presence in various food traditions."Sardines were a main dish of the coastal Native American diet long before Europeans arrived.There were many stories of poor families sitting down to a Friday meal of nothing but tinned sardines and hard-boiled eggs and in Michigan,sardines were a main dish for ironworkers who built the Mackinac Bridge in the 1950s to eat for lunch,”he says. Irresistibly,little fish's depth of flavor can make many dishes palatable.A small quantity of anchovies in sauces()brings "a burst of flavor",says Chris McDade,chef and author of The Magic of Tinned Fish,calling anchovies "a chef's secret".Indeed, many people don't realize that anchovies add taste to some sauces.Besides,tinned fish are fantastic with salads and fresh vegetables. Little fish are a sustainable option,McDade adds, because they are lower on the food chain."Everyone loves big fish,but we also have to eat the small stuff. It's the only way to keep the balance going."And with so many nutrients and so little mercury ()tinned little fish are a good way to keep your internal nutritional balance going. (横线下方不可作答) 46 班级： 姓名： od for thought .5分) 1.Why does the author raise the question in paragraph 1? () A.To voice his doubt. B.To draw attention to healthy food. C.To lead in the topic of superfoods. D.To stress his affection for tinned fish. 2.How does the author show people's love for sardines? （) A.By giving examples. B.By listing figures. C.By telling stories. D.By explaining causes. 3.What does the underlined word "palatable"in paragraph 3 mean? A.Long-lasting. B.Bitter-sweet. C.Mouth-watering.D.Well-known. 4.What does McDade mainly say about fish in the last paragraph? () A.Eating fish is good for health. B.Small fish can be a profitable choice. C.Big fish are more sought-after. D.People should consume more tinned food. B (2024·福建福州模拟) Consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs)has increased over the past 20 years.UPFs contain few or no whole foods,are industrially produced,are ready- to-eat or ready-to-heat,and include additives.The ultra-processing of food lessens its nutritional value.It has been known that higher UPF consumption is associated with overweight and heart disease.Now, research has been extended to examine its impact on mental health. In a new study,over 72,000 participants who were at least 55 years old and didn't have dementia at the start of the study were followed for an average of 10 years,during which they filled out questionnaires regarding their diet.By the end of the study,5l8 people were diagnosed(诊断）with 必修第二册 ■ dementia.After adjusting for other factors that could affect risk of dementia such as age,gender,and heart disease,researchers found every 10 percent increase in daily intake of UPFs was associated with a 25 percent higher risk of dementia.They also found replacing 10 percent of UPFs with unprocessed or minimally processed foods was associated with a 19 percent lower risk of dementia. In another study,researchers found individuals who consumed the most UPFs had statistically significant increases in the symptoms (of mild depression,“mentally unhealthy days”,and“anxious days".Eric Hecht,founder and executive director of the Institute of Etiological Research,said,"More than 70 percent of packaged foods in the US are classified as UPFs and represent about 60 percent of all calories consumed by Americans.Given the degree of exposure to and effects of UPF consumption,this study has great significance in clinical practice and public health.It might help improve future development of dietary guidelines..” Facing such alarming data,maybe it's time for Americans to reconsider their food options.Researchers recommend taxes on UPFs and carrying out policies to reduce the consumption.They also support programs and policies to increase the availability and affordability of whole foods,especially among disadvantaged populations. 5.What do we know about UPFs? A.They have no nutritional value. B.They are ready-made and instant foods. C.They are cheap and mass-produced. D.They serve as additions to our daily diets. 6.What's Eric Hecht's attitude toward the new study? A.Positive. B.Doubtful. C.Mixed. D.Conservative. 7.What do researchers suggest doing? A.Collecting higher taxes on UPFs. B.Decreasing UPFs'share in diet. C.Focusing on the nutrient content of foods D.Increasing public awareness of whole foods. 8.Which can be a suitable title for the text?( A.Public Health Response to UPFs B.Physical Disorders Linked to UPFs C.Rising Consumption of UPFs in the US D.Negative Effects of UPFs on Mental Health 红对勾·讲与练4 Ⅱ.阅读七选五（每小题2.5分，共12.5分） (2024·河北石家庄模拟) Are you tired of spending a significant part of your monthly budget on groceries?Growing your own food can help with your ballooning grocery bill. If you don't have an established vegetable patch (菜地)，the set--up can be costly enough to put you off.1()These let you grow your own food without having to pay for garden beds,compost( and gardening tools.Some gardens have been running for decades.They're usually run by local like- minded gardeners who can share their knowledge of what grows well where you are. If you hope to grow food closer to home,you could consider "guerrilla gardening",where you change your neighbourhood natural land into food gardens.Before starting,check if your local planning laws allow it.2()To get started,consult the guidelines from Farmers of the Urban Footpath. 3()Garden beds higher than the area around are a good option.They operate as closed systems, saving water and nutrients for later use by the plants. Good quality compost will improve harvests and save you money in the long term. What about apartment residents?If there is sunlight,you can grow food cheaply.4 ( Remember to consider potential pollutants if you take this approach to make sure your soil and the food growing in it are clean. If you get more serious,you could even stop using soil entirely and look at hydroponic units(水培装 )While more expensive,hydroponic units offer a more controlled growing environment to ensure better harvests and protect your plants against extreme or unpredictable weather.5() A.Some authorities do,but some do not. B.Focus on what your household actually eats. C.Go for plants that offer you harvests over weeks. D.Old containers like plastic pots can be repurposed for growing. E.If you have the space,you could set up your own vegetable patch. F.They can allow you to produce quantities of leafy greens from seed soon. G.It's worth looking around first to see if there are community gardens near you. 62 高三英语WYcarried in the groceries;he took note of un- locked doors,offered gardening advice,and taught more than a few young boys the art of curveball..”可知，Jim不仅送信，还帮助居民 做很多事情，记住每个孩子和宠物的名字， 帮忙送杂货，关注居民安全，教孩子们打球， 这些行为都体现了他热心善良的性格特征， 故选C。 2.B词义猜测题。文章第二段提到“Though the postal service is often disparaged now,the trust in local postal service lives on. ,根据 Though可知，上下文形成转折关系，表示虽 然邮政服务现在经常受到负面评价，但人们 对当地邮局服务的信任依然存在。因此 “disparaged”的意思与criticized最接近，故 选B。 3.D推理判断题。根据文章第三段的“Atev ery stop,Jim accepted the parting good wishes of families that had become his own.There were tears and laughter,and hugs filled with warm memories..”可知，在最后的工作日，Jim 在每个停靠点都接受了居民们的道别祝福， 故选D。 4.A写作目的题。通读全文，特别是根据最 后一段的“It's been33 years since Jim left the route,but we are still reminded of the deep bond established between community and letter carrier..”可知，作者的写作目的是要纪念这 位受人尊敬的邮递员Jim,展现他与社区之 间建立的深厚情谊，故选A。 B [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。新研究 表明，为了解决偷猎问题而切掉黑犀牛的角会 影响黑犀牛的领地面积和它们之间的社交」 而对于这种措施是否有利于动物保护，产生了 不同的看法 5.B细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，切 除黑犀牛的角是为了降低它们对非法猎人 的吸引力，保护它们不被非法猎杀。 6.A词句猜测题。根据画线短语前的this可 知，这里提到的invasive procedure指代作者 上文中刚提到的事物，结合上一段中的 "Indeed,a University of Bristol study pub- lished last year showed that dehorning does not negatively affect populations overal.”可知，这 里invasive procedure指的是去掉黑犀牛的角。 7.D推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“‘It's incredibly complicated,'says Lucy Chimes... their nearness to national borders and whether there is community engagement..'”可知，Lucy Chimes没有正面回应切除黑犀牛的角这个 问题，而是说偷猎减少这个现象很复杂，除 了切除黑犀牛角这个因素外，需要考虑到许 多因素，由此可推测，她对切除黑犀牛角的 态度是不确定的。 8.B推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“There are so many other factors involved...their nearness to national borders and whether there is community engagement..”可知，在谈到偷 猎减少这个问题时，除了切除黑犀牛角这个 因素外，需要考虑到围栏、巡逻、工作人员数 量以及公园周围的贫困程度、公园与国家边 界的接近度以及是否有社区参与等许多因 素，由此可推测出，多种不同的因素导致非 法偷猎减少。 Ⅱ.完形填空 1.C2.A3.B4.C5.A6.C7.A 8.A9.B10.C11.A12.B13.C 14.A15.B 课时作业7 Food for thought I.阅读理解 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主 要介绍了像鳗鱼和沙丁鱼这样的罐头鱼被称 为最健康的零食之一，它们富含omega-3脂肪 酸、蛋白质、钙和维生素A。 1.D推理判断题。第一段提到像鲲鱼和沙丁 焦虑的风险。D项“超加工食品对心理健康 鱼这样的罐头鱼营养丰富，是最健康的零食 的负面影响”点明了文章主旨，适合作标题 它们富含omega-3脂肪酸、蛋白质 故选D 钙和维生素A。下文提到了沙丁鱼对几乎 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 所有人都有吸引力和小鱼可以为很多食物 1.G2.A3.E4.D5.F 增味。由此可知，第一段提出问题（还有多 少其他的超级食物能做成漂亮到可以送人 课时作业8Let's celebrate! 的罐头食品呢？)主要是为了强调作者对罐 I.阅读理解 头鱼的喜爱。故选D项。 A 2.A推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，作 [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主 者通过列举一些事例来说明人们对沙丁鱼 要介绍了在海拔4300米的秘鲁安第斯山脉举 的喜爱。故选A项。 行庆祝活动的节日一Qoyllur Riti。 3.C词义猜测题。画线词下文提到厨师兼 1.C细节理解题。根据第二段“As I looked 《头鱼的魔力》一书的作者Chris McDade back down the trail we had climbed,and up 说，在酱汁中加入少量鲲鱼会带来“味道的 towards where we had to go,the colorful sight 进发”，他把鲲鱼称为“厨师的秘密” ,此外 struck me a lot.”可知，作者一家在爬山的过 头鱼搭配沙拉和新鲜蔬莱也非常美味。 程中被路上美丽的景色打动了 由此可知，添加小鱼可以使食物变得美味。 2.C词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“It was 画线词应意为“可口的，美味的”，mouth clear.weaken the festival spirit..”可知，作者 watering“非常可口的”与之意思相近。故选 在很远的地方都能够听到从营地传出来的 而 鼓声和歌声，说明营地里的节日气氛可以非 4.B推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知」 常明显地感受到，在很远的地方都很清晰。 McDade认为小鱼处于食物链的较低层。每 故画线词与C项意思接近。 个人都喜欢大鱼但我们也必须吃小鱼。这 3.B推理判断题。根据第二段“Many of them 是保持平衡的唯一方法。此外，头鱼富含 had horses..this remarkable event.”可知，很 营养且含有极少的汞，吃罐头鱼是保持体内 多人为了参加这个活动甚至走了很长时间 营养平衡的好方法。由此可知，吃小鱼是有 的路，说明他们是下定决心要来参加这个活 益的选择。故选B项。 动的 4.D推理判断题。根据第一段“I was on an [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。超加工 amazing..the southern Andes of Peru."和下 食品的消费在过去20年中有所增加。人们已 文中作者对于该节日的描写可知，本文讲述 知，较高的超加工食品摄入量与超重和心脏病 的是世界上不同的文化特色。由此推断，本 有关，而一项新研究发现，超加工食品对心理 文可能出自文化杂志。 健康也有负面影响，它可能会增加痴呆、抑郁 和焦虑的风险。 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主 5.B细节理解题。根据第一段中的“UP℉s 要介绍了世界大笑日 contain few or no whole foods,are industrially5.A推理判断题。根据第一段以及下文可 produced,are ready-to-eat or ready-to-heat. 知，文章第一段确立中心话题 一笑，从而 and include additives.The ultra-processing of 引出下文，介绍世界大笑日。 food lessens its nutritional value.”可知，超加 6.C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“World 工食品含有很少或不含天然食物，是工业生 Laughter Day is an annual...benefits of laugh- 产的，是可即食或加热即食的，而且含有添 ter.”以及第三段中的“World Laughter Day is 加剂。食品的超加工降低了其营养价值 celebrated..friendship through laughter..”可 由此可知，超加工食品是预先制成的速食食 知，庆祝世界大笑日是为了促进笑声对健康 品。故选B 的益处和世界和平 6.A 观点态度题。根据题干中的“Eic7.B词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Accord- Hecht”可将解题信息定位至第三段。根据 ing to this hypothesis,a person's facial 该段中Eric Hecht的话“this study has great expressions can have a direct effect on their significance in clinical practice and public emotions.”可知，面部反馈假说是指面部表 health.It might help improve future develop- 情可以影响情绪的观点。 ment of dietary guidelines”可知，Eric Hecht 8.C段落大意题。根据第五段内容可知，本 认为这项研究在临床实践和公共卫生方面 段主要讲在世界大笑日举行的各种活动。 有重大意义，它可能有助于改善未来饮食指Ⅱ.完形填空 南的发展。由此可推断，Eric Hecht对这项1.D2.B3.A4.C5.B6.C7.D 研究持肯定的态度。故选A。 8.A9.A10.C11.B12.A13.C 7.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的14.D15.D "Researchers recommend taxes on UPFs and carrying out policies to reduce the consump- 课时作业9 On the move ion.”可知，研究人员建议对超加工食品征 【.阅读理解 税，并实施减少超加工食品消费的政策。由 此可推断，研究人员建议人们要降低膳食中 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主 超加工食品的比例，减少超加工食品的摄入 要介绍了社会上出现的一种体育爱好者 量。故选B。B项中的share在此作名词，意 跑酷者，并阐述了跑酷者哲学，同时针对跑酷 为“ 一份，份额”。 新手提出了一些建议。 8.D标题归纳题。综观全文，尤其是第一段 1.A推理判断题。本文第一段非常形象地塑 中的“Now,research has been extended to 造了跑酷者进行跑酷的形象，由此可知，作 examine its impact on mental health”,第二段 者开头谈到跑酷者是告诉读者跑酷到底是 中的“every 10 percent increase in daily intake 什么样的。故选A。 of UPFs was associated with a25 percent2.C细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句话 higher risk of dementia”和第三段中的“indi- "...self-confidence and critical thinking skills, viduals who consumed the most UPFs had sta- as they train themselves to find ways around tistically significant increases in the symptoms every obstacle in their paths”可知，那些学会 (症状)of mild depression,‘mentally un- 跑酷的人声称，在他们训练自己找到绕过道 healthy days',and‘anxious days'”可知，本 路上每一个障碍的方法时，不仅可以锻炼身 文主要介绍的是超加工食品对心理健康的 体素质，还可以增强自信心和批判性思维能 负面影响，它可能会增加人们痴呆、抑郁和： 力。故进C -577- 参考答案2。