寒假作业03 宾语从句，定语从句与状语从句（巩固培优）九年级英语人教版

限时练习：50min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 寒假作业03 宾语从句，定语从句与状语从句 考点一：宾语从句 1. 语法概述 在复合句中，起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从 句。宾语从句作动词或介词的宾语。 宾语从句一律用陈述语序，即：主语+谓语+其他。 Eg:The teacher asked me why I was late this morning. 老师问我今天早晨为什么迟到了。 He asked what was wrong with you. 他问你怎么了。 2. 宾语从句的引导词 引导词 用法 例句 that 本身无意义， 只 起 连 接 作 用，可省略 The radio says(that) it will rain tomorrow 收 音 机 说 明 天 要 下雨。 if/whether 意为“是否”, 不 作 句 子 成 分 ， 但 不 能 省略 He asks me if/whether I have ever been to Weihai.他问我是否曾 经去过威海。 只用whether 不 用 i f 的 情 况：与or not 连用时；在介词之后时 She wanted to know whether I could pass the exam or not. 她想知道我是否能通 过考试。 连 接 代 词 who,whose, whom,what, which等 在宾语从句中 可作主语、宾 语、定语等 Can you tell me what he said to you? 你能告诉我他跟你说 了什么吗? 连 接 副 词 when,where, why, how 等 在宾语从句中作状语 Tom had no idea when his mother would go to Tianjin.汤姆不知道妈 妈什么时候去天津。 【拓展1】区分if 引导的宾语从句和条件状语从句 类型 含义 时态 宾语从句 是否 主句是过去时，从句相应地变成过去某种时态 主句是现在时，从句按实际情况确定时态 条件状语从句 如果 从句用一般现在时表示将来的动作（主将从现） 【拓展2】区分when 引导的宾语从句和时间状语从句 类型 含义 时态 宾语从句 什么时候 主句是过去时，从句相应地变 成过去某种时态 主句是现在时，从句按实际情 况确定时态 时间状语从句 当……时 从句用一般现在时表示将来的动作 3. 宾语从句的时态 用法 例句 主句是一般现在时，宾语从句根据实际情况使 用相应的时态 He wants to know where you went yesterday. 他想知道你昨天去哪里了。 主句是过去的某种时态，宾语从句应用过去的某种时态 Jim told me that he was getting ready for the exam 吉姆告诉我他正在为考试做准备。 宾语从句是客观事实或真理时，其时态不受主 句时态的影响，仍用一般现在时 She said that the sun rises in the east. 她说太阳从东方升起。 【即时检测】 1．—Hi, Alexia. Here is a letter for you. —Thanks. I wonder ________. A．where was the letter from B．why someone will know my address C．whether the letter was from my pen pal D．how did you get the letter 2．— Kate, I’m going to a party tonight. Could you please tell me ________? —With pleasure. Wait a moment, please. A．how I can order a taxi online B．that I should take some flowers C．what should I pay attention to D．if the skirt looks nice on me 考点二：定语从句 1. 语法概述 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句 叫定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句放在先行词之后。 2. 关系代词的基本用法 关系代词 先行词 作用 例句 which 物 作主语或宾语 The house which/that was on fire last night had a history of 100 years.昨晚着火的那个房子有一百年历史。 who 人 作主语或宾语 He is the man who/that wants to see you. 他就是想见你的人。 whose 人或物 作定语 This is the girl whose father is an engineer. 这就是她的父亲是工程师的那个女孩。 that 人或物 作主语或宾语 My father talked about the persons and the things that he remembered at school. 我父亲谈到了他在学校里记得的人和事。 【拓展1】关系代词只能用that的情况 1） 当先行词是不定代词a11，few，little，much，something，anything，nothing，everything等时。 I don't believe anything that he said. 2）先行词被序数词、形容词的最高级以及被a11，any，every，each，few，little，no，some， the only．the very．the last等修饰时。This is the first bike that I bought myself. 3）如果先行词既指人又指物，应用关系代词that。They talked about people and things that they met. 【拓展2】关系代词只能用which 的情况 1).关系代词前有介词时，关系词只能用which。This is the building in which he lives . 2).先行词本身是that时，关系词只能用which。The clock is that which tells the time . 3).引导非限定性的定语从句（先行词是物且先行词与关系词用逗号隔开），关系词用which。 His book , which was lost last week , has been found now. 3. 关系副词的用法 关系副词 先行词 作用 例句 when 时间 作时间状语 I'll never forget the day when we met each other. 我不会忘记我们相遇的那一天。 where 地点 作地点状语 This is the reason why he was late for school today. 这就是今天他上学迟到的原因。 why reason 作原因状语 This is the reason why he was late for school today. 这就是今天他上学迟到的原因。 【即时检测】 1．I will remember the important people ________ helped me a lot in my life. A．that B．where C．which 2.—Your father’s birthday is coming soon, Liu Tao. What’s your surprise for your father? —The first thing ________ I will do is to make a card for him. A．who B．where C．whose D．that 3.Xi’an is an ancient city, ________ is full of places of interest and it is very popular this year. A．which B．where C．who D．what 考点三：状语从句 1. 语法概述 在复合句中，用作状语的从句叫作状语从句。根据所表达的意思，状语从句可分为 时间、地点、原因、条件、结果、目的和让步等类型。 2. 状语从句的类型 类型 引导连词 例句 时间 before、after、when、while、as、as soon as、 since、not…until、whenever等 As the front door opened,James heard the sound of Allen singing. You won'tknow ifyou can do it until youtry. Ilike to write about my feelings in my diary whenever I feel bad or sad. 地点 where、wherever等 Keep the dictionary where you can see it. I bring a book whereverI go. 原因 because、as、since等 Alice can’t reach the key on the table because she's too small. Chinese people love the ginkgo tree,as it is a symbol ofhope and long life. Since he has returned,you could now ask for his help. 条件 if、unless等 If you don't want to forget your resolutions,write them down. Nothing is impossible unless you think it is. 结果 so…that I was so hungry that I ate a big bowl of noodles and a big plate of dumplings. 目 的 so、so that等 We'll sit near the front so we can hear the speaker better. You can write to your parents so that they'll know how you feel. 让步 although、even though等 Although myguitar is old,it means a lot to me. Tom felt proud of their team,even though they lost 【即时检测】 1．Shasha and I will stay at home and watch movies ________ it rains tomorrow. A．and B．if C．but D．so 2．— Hurry up! The bus is coming. — Wait a minute. Don’t cross the street ________ the traffic lights are green. A．because B．until C．although D．as 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 一、单项选择（每题1分，共20分） 1．（2025·山东东营·中考真题）—I wonder ________. —The egg. Scientists from Switzerland believe so. A．how long the egg has been in the world B．which came first, the egg or the chicken C．whether you like the egg and the chicken D．when scientists started to study the chicken 2．（24-25八年级上·四川雅安·期末）—Peter, do you know if Tim ______ back tomorrow? —If he ______ back, I’ll let you know. A．comes; will come B．will come; comes C．comes; comes D．will come; will come 3．（24-25九年级上·福建龙岩·期末）—Do you know ________? —It will be held next week. A．where a robot show will be held B．why a robot show will be held C．when a robot show will be held 4．（24-25九年级上·内蒙古通辽·期末）I asked my sister ________. A．which one did she like best. B．which one she liked best C．which one she likes best D．which one does she like best 5．（24-25九年级上·云南昆明·期末）—I wonder ________. —You can buy them online. Usually, the ticket is cheaper. A．how much should we pay for the movie the Lion King B．how much we should pay for the movie the Lion King C．where can we buy the tickets of the movie the Lion King D．where we can buy the tickets of the movie the Lion King 6．The woman ________ came to our party with a gift is my teacher. A．which B．whose C．who D．whom 7．（24-25九年级上·黑龙江绥化·期末）I like the cartoon ________ has a happy ending and makes me ________. A．which; happy B．who; happy C．that; happily 8．The writer and his works ________ you talk about ________ very popular among teenagers. A．that; is B．who; is C．that; are D．which; are 9．—What are you doing? —I’m reading the book ________ you lent me last week. A．what B．who C．when D．that 10．I will remember the important people ________ helped and supported me forever. A．who B．what C．why D．when 11．We’ll never forget those ________ lost their lives for our country. A．who B．which C．whom D．whose 12．（24-25八年级上·江西赣州·期末）—The TV play Joy of Life 2 is wonderful. —Yes. I want to enjoy it again ________ I have watched it once. A．until B．because C．although D．and 13．If you ________ about your problems with someone, you ________ halfway to solving them. A．don’t talk; are B．won’t talk; are C．talk; will be 14．（2024·河北·中考真题）Jeff still works hard ________ he has achieved great success. A．if B．before C．though D．because 15．（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）Everyone loves my dog Coffee, ________ he often makes a mess at home. A．until B．since C．though D．whether 16．（2024·江苏连云港·中考真题）Our school life is more interesting now _________ we can enjoy ourselves in different clubs. A．because B．whether C．unless D．although 17．（2023·安徽·中考真题）Our country will be much better for everyone in future ________ we all do something to help now. A．if B．before C．so that D．even though 18．（2024·北京·中考真题）—Tim, do you know ________ the art festival? — Sure! Next Friday. A．when did we hold B．when we held C．when will we hold D．when we will hold 19．（2024·天津·中考真题）— Could you tell me _________? — He likes the Science Museum best. A．when Kevin visited the museum B．which museum Kevin likes best C．when did Kevin visit the museum D．which museum does Kevin like best 20．（2024·安徽·中考真题）—Could you tell us ________ we can start a conversation with a foreigner? —Talking about weather is a good choice. A．how B．whether C．why D．when 二、用所给词的适当形式填空（每题1分，共10分） 21．（2024·黑龙江·中考真题）The teacher told us that the earth (travel) around the sun. 22．（23-24八年级下·辽宁营口·期末）Our teacher told us that the sun (rise) in the east. 23．（2022·江苏南京·中考真题）The teacher told us that the gravity on Mars (be) only about three-eighths of that on Earth. 24．（23-24九年级上·江苏无锡·期中）The little boy is so worried in the exam because he doesn’t know when (hand) in the paper. 25．（2024·江苏无锡·一模）—What if I fail the test? —Take it easy. Let’s worry about it when it (happen). 26．（23-24八年级下·湖北武汉·月考）I (return) it to the library as soon as I finish reading Little Women. 27．（23-24九年级上·甘肃兰州·期末）The girl (who) coat is red is my good friend Han Mei. 28．（2025·甘肃定西·模拟预测）My brother wants a mobile phone which (take) good pictures. 29．（22-23九年级上·全国·单元测试）This is the watch that (buy) in the supermarket by your father. 30．（21-22九年级上·山东临沂·期末）He prefers (music) who write their own lyrics 一、语法选择（每题1分，共15分） （2022·广东广州·二模）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。 For thousands of years, people have told stories about heroes. Heroes are strong and brave people 1 help others. Today, we can read stories and watch films 2 superheroes. What are superheroes? Superheroes have special powers which they use to do good things like 3 people and fighting crime. They usually wear special 4 ; like a cape（披风）. Sometimes they wear a mask, so no one knows 5 they are. Modern superheroes come from stories in comic books. Superman 6 one of the first famous superheroes. 7 first Superman comic was published in 1938. Superman is an alien from the planet Krypton. He   8 fly and he is super strong. He is super-fast and no weapons （武器） can hurt him. The only thing that can hurt him is Kryptonite rock from 9 home planet. In 1941, Wonder Woman 10 . She is the first female superhero. Wonder Woman’s story 11 from  ancient Greek myths （神话）. She has some superhuman powers 12 . She is good at fighting 13 she has lots of weapons. Sometimes superheroes have friends that help 14 , like Jimmy Olsen in the Superman stories. These friends are called “sidekicks （伙伴）”. One of 15 sidekicks is Robin from “Batman and Robin”. Sometimes superheroes group together like Iron Man, Captain America and Thor in “ The Avengers”, or the mutants （突变体） in the X-Men team. 1．A．where B．whom C．whose D．who 2．A．at B．among C．with D．about 3．A．to help B．helping C．help D．helped 4．A．cloth B．clothes C．clothes’ D．cloth’s 5．A．who B．that C．why D．how 6．A．will be B．is C．were D．are 7．A．/ B．A C．An D．The 8．A．can B．should C．may D．would 9．A．he B．him C．his D．himself 10．A．creates B．was created C．created D．was creating 11．A．would come B．is coming C．comes D．was coming 12．A．also B．too C．neither D．either 13．A．and B．or C．but D．if 14．A．they B．their C．them D．themselves 15．A．famous B．more famous C．most famous D．the most famous 二、阅读理解（每题2分，共18分） A （2021·天津·中考真题）There are many deserts (沙漠) on the earth. And the following are some facts you may find interesting. What are deserts like? Deserts can be hot and dry places. Rain may not fall there for months or years. Some deserts are sandy and stony (多石的). Deserts can also be very windy places. The wind can change the shape of the deserts. It moves sand around from place to place. Temperatures in the desert can vary enormously(非常). During the daytime, the temperature may reach 40℃ even in the shade (阴凉处). At night, deserts can become very cold. In winter there may even be a frost (霜冻) in the early morning. Living in the desert The camel is sometimes called “the ship of the desert”. It stores food in its hump (驼峰) and can go for days without water. It has large feet which help it not to fall into the soft sand. Its long eyelashes (睫毛) keep out the sand during sandstorms. An oasis is an area of the desert where water may be found. The water may be in pools or under the ground. People and animals visit an oasis for water and food. Plants grow at an oasis. Some farmers are able to grow crops here. The Arabian Desert The Arabian Desert lies between the Red Sea and the Arabian Gulf. In some parts of the desert, it is too hot for people to live. Oil was discovered under parts of the desert and in the Arabian Gulf. This oil has made some countries in the area very rich. Much of the money has been spent building fine cities with lovely parks and lakes, and people live a comfortable life there. 16．Which of the following can best describe deserts? A．Hot and dry. B．Sandy and rainy. C．Wet and stony. D．Windy and snowy. 17．The word “vary” in the passage means “________”. A．be low B．be high C．be similar D．be different 18．The camel has long eyelashes to ________. A．stay cool in deserts B．go for days without water C．help it not to fall into the soft sand D．keep out the sand during sandstorms 19．According to the passage, people and animals visit an oasis for ________. A．frost and crops B．sand and stones C．water and food D．money and oil 20．What is the best title of the passage? A．What is the weather like in deserts? B．What do you know about deserts? C．How do people live in deserts? D．Where is the Arabian Desert? B （2024·江苏苏州·二模） ①We can see circles, squares and triangles everywhere in our daily life. Have you thought about their meanings in films? Much like colors, different shapes can show different features of characters in the scenes. ② Circles represent things that are soft and natural. The round shape reminds us of things that appear in nature, like the sun, raindrops and so on. We can also connect circles with beautiful eyes, babies’ round faces… All these things make us feel happy and warm. This is why so many cartoon characters’ bodies—heroes, good people—are round in shape, because circles represent goodness, happiness and friendliness. ③ Squares show things that are unnatural or man-made, or things that are boring or old-fashioned. In the cartoon film Up, Carl has a square face and wears square glasses, while Russell, an 8-year-old boy with a round face, always wears round medals. These shapes show the characters’ personalities. Carl is stubborn (固执的) and lonely, while Russell is lovely and full of energy. ④ The angriest shape is the triangle. Every kid who draws a monster with sharp teeth draws a row of triangles, don’t they? That’s because the shape represents fear, distrust and doubt in some way. Look at the bad guys in cartoons—they are all drawn with plenty of points and triangles, like Shengongbao in Ne Zha. And triangles are stable (稳固的) and don’t easily fall down. In films, this feature makes bad people difficult to deal with. ⑤ Not only in cartoons, but also in other kinds of films, different shapes are used for the same purpose. So, try to find the hidden shapes and you will know what the characters are like. 21．How does the writer explain the relationship between squares and characters’ personalities? A．By telling a story. B．By listing numbers. C．By raising a question. D．By giving an example. 22．Which picture does the underlined word “triangle” refer to? A． B． C． D． 23．Which of the following is the structure of the article?（①＝Para 1,②＝Para 2……） A． B． C． D． 24．What is the text mainly about? A．Why different shapes represent different things. B．What makes kids fascinated by heroes in films. C．What different shapes represent in different films. D．How cartoons make different colors and shapes 三、任务型阅读(每题2分，共10分) （2022·辽宁朝阳·中考真题）根据短文内容，简略回答所提出的问题。 Xian Xinghai is a very famous musician in China. He has written many great pieces of music. In his short life, he wrote nearly 300 songs and an opera. Xian was born in Panyu, Guangzhou in 1905.Because his father died before he was born, Xian had to move from place to place with his mother. He began learning to play the violin when he was 20 years old. At first, his violin was so cheap and in a poor quality that he could not play it well. His friends laughed at him. However, Xian did not stop practicing and soon showed his talent. In 1934, he became the first Chinese student who studied in a special music school in Paris. Before he left, Xian became the school's best student and won several prizes for his talents. The next year, be got back to China and helped fight against the Japanese army. Later, he came to Yan’an to teach music at a college. Although there were no pianos in Yan’an at that time, Xian still wrote some of his most important music there, including The Yellow River Chorus, his most famous work. In May 1940, Xian Xinghai went to the Soviet Union (苏联) to write music for movies. Life there was so hard that he got very sick. Later he died of a lung illness on October 30, 1945, aged only 40. Xian Xinghai is such a great man and his music will live on in people’s hearts forever. 25．Was Xian Xinghai talented in the violin or the piano at first? 26．When did Xian Xinghai get back to China from Paris? 27．What is Xian Xinghai’s most famous work? 28．Why did Xian Xinghai go to the Soviet Union? 29．How do you like Xian Xinghai? （2014·吉林·中考真题）阅读下面语段，请按照正确的逻辑顺序，将各语段重新排序。 A．I’m really looking forward to it, It has taken me a long time to decide who should be invited, But at last I have written the invitations to thirteen of my friends. B．I've been promised a party for my 16th birthday! Mum and Dad have agreed to let me have a party here at home, while they are away visiting some friends. Well, it's just three weeks to go before my party. C．I'm going to ask Alan and Sam to bring their CDs so that we can dance. The food will be made by mum and me before the party. Now I have to think about what to wear… D．Here is my party dress. It's a long silk dress; I'm going to wear my hair up on top of head, because that will make me look very smart. The house looks lovely. E. It has been decorated the house with coloured paper and flowers. It looks more beautiful. I have got everything ready. How I hope to have fun! 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 限时练习：50min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 寒假作业03 宾语从句，定语从句与状语从句 考点一：宾语从句 1. 语法概述 在复合句中，起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从 句。宾语从句作动词或介词的宾语。 宾语从句一律用陈述语序，即：主语+谓语+其他。 Eg:The teacher asked me why I was late this morning. 老师问我今天早晨为什么迟到了。 He asked what was wrong with you. 他问你怎么了。 2. 宾语从句的引导词 引导词 用法 例句 that 本身无意义， 只 起 连 接 作 用，可省略 The radio says(that) it will rain tomorrow 收 音 机 说 明 天 要 下雨。 if/whether 意为“是否”, 不 作 句 子 成 分 ， 但 不 能 省略 He asks me if/whether I have ever been to Weihai.他问我是否曾 经去过威海。 只用whether 不 用 i f 的 情 况：与or not 连用时；在介词之后时 She wanted to know whether I could pass the exam or not. 她想知道我是否能通 过考试。 连 接 代 词 who,whose, whom,what, which等 在宾语从句中 可作主语、宾 语、定语等 Can you tell me what he said to you? 你能告诉我他跟你说 了什么吗? 连 接 副 词 when,where, why, how 等 在宾语从句中作状语 Tom had no idea when his mother would go to Tianjin.汤姆不知道妈 妈什么时候去天津。 【拓展1】区分if 引导的宾语从句和条件状语从句 类型 含义 时态 宾语从句 是否 主句是过去时，从句相应地变成过去某种时态 主句是现在时，从句按实际情况确定时态 条件状语从句 如果 从句用一般现在时表示将来的动作（主将从现） 【拓展2】区分when 引导的宾语从句和时间状语从句 类型 含义 时态 宾语从句 什么时候 主句是过去时，从句相应地变 成过去某种时态 主句是现在时，从句按实际情 况确定时态 时间状语从句 当……时 从句用一般现在时表示将来的动作 3. 宾语从句的时态 用法 例句 主句是一般现在时，宾语从句根据实际情况使 用相应的时态 He wants to know where you went yesterday. 他想知道你昨天去哪里了。 主句是过去的某种时态，宾语从句应用过去的某种时态 Jim told me that he was getting ready for the exam 吉姆告诉我他正在为考试做准备。 宾语从句是客观事实或真理时，其时态不受主 句时态的影响，仍用一般现在时 She said that the sun rises in the east. 她说太阳从东方升起。 【即时检测】 1．—Hi, Alexia. Here is a letter for you. —Thanks. I wonder ________. A．where was the letter from B．why someone will know my address C．whether the letter was from my pen pal D．how did you get the letter 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——嗨，Alexia。这有一封你的信。——谢谢。我想知道这封信是否来自我的笔友。 考查宾语从句。根据“I wonder...”可知，宾语从句需要用陈述句语序，A项和D项均为疑问句语序，B项意思不符合语境。故选C。 2．— Kate, I’m going to a party tonight. Could you please tell me ________? —With pleasure. Wait a moment, please. A．how I can order a taxi online B．that I should take some flowers C．what should I pay attention to D．if the skirt looks nice on me 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——Kate，我今晚要去参加一个聚会。你能告诉我如何在网上叫出租车吗？——我很乐意。请稍等。 考查宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述句语序，排除C选项；Could you please tell me后不接that引导的从句，排除B选项；根据回答“With pleasure”可知是在请求帮助而不是询问意见，A项“我如何网上叫出租车”符合，故选A。 考点二：定语从句 1. 语法概述 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句 叫定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句放在先行词之后。 2. 关系代词的基本用法 关系代词 先行词 作用 例句 which 物 作主语或宾语 The house which/that was on fire last night had a history of 100 years.昨晚着火的那个房子有一百年历史。 who 人 作主语或宾语 He is the man who/that wants to see you. 他就是想见你的人。 whose 人或物 作定语 This is the girl whose father is an engineer. 这就是她的父亲是工程师的那个女孩。 that 人或物 作主语或宾语 My father talked about the persons and the things that he remembered at school. 我父亲谈到了他在学校里记得的人和事。 【拓展1】关系代词只能用that的情况 1） 当先行词是不定代词a11，few，little，much，something，anything，nothing，everything等时。 I don't believe anything that he said. 2）先行词被序数词、形容词的最高级以及被a11，any，every，each，few，little，no，some， the only．the very．the last等修饰时。This is the first bike that I bought myself. 3）如果先行词既指人又指物，应用关系代词that。They talked about people and things that they met. 【拓展2】关系代词只能用which 的情况 1).关系代词前有介词时，关系词只能用which。This is the building in which he lives . 2).先行词本身是that时，关系词只能用which。The clock is that which tells the time . 3).引导非限定性的定语从句（先行词是物且先行词与关系词用逗号隔开），关系词用which。 His book , which was lost last week , has been found now. 3. 关系副词的用法 关系副词 先行词 作用 例句 when 时间 作时间状语 I'll never forget the day when we met each other. 我不会忘记我们相遇的那一天。 where 地点 作地点状语 This is the reason why he was late for school today. 这就是今天他上学迟到的原因。 why reason 作原因状语 This is the reason why he was late for school today. 这就是今天他上学迟到的原因。 【即时检测】 1．I will remember the important people ________ helped me a lot in my life. A．that B．where C．which 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我会记住那些在我生命中帮助了我很多的重要人物。 考查定语从句中关系代词的用法。此句是定语从句，这里需要填入一个关系词来引导定语从句，修饰先行词the important people。that用作关系代词，指代先行词“people”，并在从句中作主语；where用作关系副词，表示地点，不能用来指代“people”；which用作关系代词，指物，不指人，不能用来指代“people”。故选A。 2.—Your father’s birthday is coming soon, Liu Tao. What’s your surprise for your father? —The first thing ________ I will do is to make a card for him. A．who B．where C．whose D．that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——刘涛，你父亲的生日快到了。你打算给父亲什么惊喜？——我要做的第一件事就是为他做一张卡片。 考查定语从句的关系词。who关系代词，代指人；where关系代词，代指地点；whose关系代词，谁的；that关系代词，代指人或物。根据“The first thing”可知，先行词被序数词修饰，在从句中作宾语，所以关系代词用that。故选D。 3.Xi’an is an ancient city, ________ is full of places of interest and it is very popular this year. A．which B．where C．who D．what 【答案】A 【详解】句意：西安是一座古老的城市，那里有很多名胜古迹，今年很受欢迎。 考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是物“an ancient city”，关系词在从句中作主语，用which引导定语从句。故选A。 考点三：状语从句 1. 语法概述 在复合句中，用作状语的从句叫作状语从句。根据所表达的意思，状语从句可分为 时间、地点、原因、条件、结果、目的和让步等类型。 2. 状语从句的类型 类型 引导连词 例句 时间 before、after、when、while、as、as soon as、 since、not…until、whenever等 As the front door opened,James heard the sound of Allen singing. You won'tknow ifyou can do it until youtry. Ilike to write about my feelings in my diary whenever I feel bad or sad. 地点 where、wherever等 Keep the dictionary where you can see it. I bring a book whereverI go. 原因 because、as、since等 Alice can’t reach the key on the table because she's too small. Chinese people love the ginkgo tree,as it is a symbol ofhope and long life. Since he has returned,you could now ask for his help. 条件 if、unless等 If you don't want to forget your resolutions,write them down. Nothing is impossible unless you think it is. 结果 so…that I was so hungry that I ate a big bowl of noodles and a big plate of dumplings. 目 的 so、so that等 We'll sit near the front so we can hear the speaker better. You can write to your parents so that they'll know how you feel. 让步 although、even though等 Although myguitar is old,it means a lot to me. Tom felt proud of their team,even though they lost 【即时检测】 1．Shasha and I will stay at home and watch movies ________ it rains tomorrow. A．and B．if C．but D．so 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果明天下雨，Shasha和我会待在家里看电影。 考查连词辨析。and和，表示并列；if如果，表示条件；but但是，表示转折；so所以，表示结果。空格后“it rains tomorrow”描述一种条件，主句“Shasha and I will stay at home and watch movies”是该条件下的结果，因此需用if引导条件状语从句。故选B。 2．— Hurry up! The bus is coming. — Wait a minute. Don’t cross the street ________ the traffic lights are green. A．because B．until C．although D．as 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——快点！公交车来了。——等一下。交通灯变绿之前不要过马路。 考查连词词义辨析。because因为；until直到……为止；although尽管；as当……时。根据“Don’t cross the street... the traffic lights are green”可知，此处表达的是“直到交通灯变绿才能过马路”，“not...until...”表示“直到……才……”，符合语境。故选B。 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 一、单项选择（每题1分，共20分） 1．（2025·山东东营·中考真题）—I wonder ________. —The egg. Scientists from Switzerland believe so. A．how long the egg has been in the world B．which came first, the egg or the chicken C．whether you like the egg and the chicken D．when scientists started to study the chicken 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我想知道先有鸡还是先有蛋。——鸡蛋。来自瑞士的科学家这么认为。 考查which引导的宾语从句。根据答语“The egg”可知，问句是在询问“先有鸡还是先有蛋”这一选择性问题，而答语直接对应选项B的内容，科学家认为先有蛋。故选B。 2．（24-25八年级上·四川雅安·期末）—Peter, do you know if Tim ______ back tomorrow? —If he ______ back, I’ll let you know. A．comes; will come B．will come; comes C．comes; comes D．will come; will come 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——彼得，你知道蒂姆明天是否会回来吗？——如果他回来，我会让你知道。 考查宾语从句和条件状语从句的时态。分析句子“Peter, do you know if Tim…back tomorrow?”可知，第一个if意为“是否”，引导宾语从句，因有tomorrow表示将来，需用一般将来时，即填will come；分析句子“If he…back, I’ll let you know.”可知，第二个if意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，需用一般现在时，即填comes。故选B。 3．（24-25九年级上·福建龙岩·期末）—Do you know ________? —It will be held next week. A．where a robot show will be held B．why a robot show will be held C．when a robot show will be held 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你知道机器人展什么时候举行吗？——它将在下周举行。 考查宾语从句。根据答语“It will be held next week.”可知，问句询问的是时间，应用when引导宾语从句。故选C。 4．（24-25九年级上·内蒙古通辽·期末）I asked my sister ________. A．which one did she like best. B．which one she liked best C．which one she likes best D．which one does she like best 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我问我的姐姐她最喜欢哪一个。 考查宾语从句的语序和时态一致。宾语从句需用陈述语序，即主语在前谓语在后，排除选项A和D；根据“asked”可知，主句为一般过去时，从句也应用过去时态，排除选项C。选项B为陈述语序且时态一致。故选B。 5．（24-25九年级上·云南昆明·期末）—I wonder ________. —You can buy them online. Usually, the ticket is cheaper. A．how much should we pay for the movie the Lion King B．how much we should pay for the movie the Lion King C．where can we buy the tickets of the movie the Lion King D．where we can buy the tickets of the movie the Lion King 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我想知道我们在哪里可以买电影《狮子王》的票。——你可以在网上买。通常票更便宜。 考查宾语从句的引导词及语序。根据“You can buy them online.”可知，此处询问购票地点，宾语从句的引导词应用where；宾语从句需用陈述语序，因此正确语序为“where we can buy…”。故选D。 6．The woman ________ came to our party with a gift is my teacher. A．which B．whose C．who D．whom 【答案】C 【详解】句意：那个带着礼物来参加我们聚会的女人是我的老师。 考查关系代词的用法。which指物；whose谁的，表示所有关系；who谁，指人，在从句中作主语；whom谁，指人，在从句中作宾语。根据句子结构，关系代词引导定语从句修饰“the woman”，并在从句“________ came to our party with a gift”中充当主语，表示“她”来参加聚会，且指代人，因此应用who。故选C。 7．（24-25九年级上·黑龙江绥化·期末）I like the cartoon ________ has a happy ending and makes me ________. A．which; happy B．who; happy C．that; happily 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我喜欢那个有快乐结局并且使我快乐的卡通。 考查关系代词辨析和形容词用法。根据“I like the cartoon ... has a happy ending and makes me ....”可知，此句话为定语从句，先行词“cartoon”是物，关系代词应用 which 或 that（指物），不能用 who（指人）；第二个空，使役动词 make 后接形容词作宾语补足语，表示状态，因此用 happy（形容词），不能用副词 happily。故选A。 8．The writer and his works ________ you talk about ________ very popular among teenagers. A．that; is B．who; is C．that; are D．which; are 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你谈论的那位作家和他的作品在青少年中非常受欢迎。 考查定语从句和主谓一致。that先行词为人或物；who先行词为人；which先行词为物。根据句子成分分析可知，“...you talk about”是定语从句，先行词是“The writer and his works”，既包括人又包括物，应用关系代词that；主语“The writer and his works”表示复数概念，从句谓语动词需用复数形式are。故选C。 9．—What are you doing? —I’m reading the book ________ you lent me last week. A．what B．who C．when D．that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你在做什么？——我正在读你上周借给我的那本书。 考查定语从句关系词。what不引导定语从句；who指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语；that可指人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。分析句子结构可知，本句为定语从句，先行词“the book”指物，且在从句中作宾语，所以应该用关系代词that引导。故选D。 10．I will remember the important people ________ helped and supported me forever. A．who B．what C．why D．when 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我会永远记住那些帮助和支持过我的重要的人。 考查定语从句引导词辨析。who谁，指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；what什么，不能引导定语从句；why为什么，在定语从句中作原因状语；when什么时候，在定语从句中作时间状语。根据句子结构可知，此处是一个定语从句，修饰先行词people，且关系词在从句中作主语，指人，所以应该用who。故选A。 11．We’ll never forget those ________ lost their lives for our country. A．who B．which C．whom D．whose 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们永远不会忘记那些为我们的国家牺牲生命的人。 考查关系代词辨析。who谁，主格；which哪个，指物；whom谁，宾格；whose谁的，所有格。根据“We’ll never forget those...lost their lives for our country.”可知，空格处引导定语从句修饰“those”，这里指的是人，并在从句中作主语，指代人时主格关系代词用“who”。故选A。 12．（24-25八年级上·江西赣州·期末）—The TV play Joy of Life 2 is wonderful. —Yes. I want to enjoy it again ________ I have watched it once. A．until B．because C．although D．and 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——电视剧《庆余年第二季》很精彩。——是的。虽然我已经看过一次，但我想再欣赏一遍。 考查连词辨析。until直到；because因为；although虽然；and和。根据“I want to enjoy it again…I have watched it once.”可知，此处表示让步关系，需用although引导让步状语从句。故选C。 13．If you ________ about your problems with someone, you ________ halfway to solving them. A．don’t talk; are B．won’t talk; are C．talk; will be 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如果你和某人谈论你的问题，你就解决了一半的问题。 考查条件句的时态。根据条件句的规则，if引导的条件状语从句中，要遵循主将从现的原则，从句应使用一般现在时，主句使用一般将来时（will + 动词原形）表示结果。根据语境可知，此处指谈论问题有助于解决，第一空应为肯定句，第二空用一般将来时。故选C。 14．（2024·河北·中考真题）Jeff still works hard ________ he has achieved great success. A．if B．before C．though D．because 【答案】C 【详解】句意：杰夫虽然取得了很大的成功，但他仍然努力工作。 考查从属连词辨析。if如果；before在之前；though虽然；because因为。分析“Jeff still works hard ... he has achieved great success.”可知，两句话构成让步关系，用though连接，故选C。 15．（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）Everyone loves my dog Coffee, ________ he often makes a mess at home. A．until B．since C．though D．whether 【答案】C 【详解】句意：每个人都喜欢我的狗Coffee，尽管它经常在家里弄得一团糟。 考查连词辨析。until直到；since自从；though尽管；whether是否。分析句子可知，虽然Coffee把家里弄得很乱，但是每个人都喜欢它，故用though引导让步状语从句。故选C。 16．（2024·江苏连云港·中考真题）Our school life is more interesting now _________ we can enjoy ourselves in different clubs. A．because B．whether C．unless D．although 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们的学校生活现在更有趣了，因为我们可以在不同的俱乐部玩得很开心。 考查连词辨析。because因为；whether是否；unless除非；although尽管。分析句子可知，学校生活更有趣的原因是可以在不同的俱乐部玩得开心，前后文之间是因果关系，后文表示原因，应用because连接。故选A。 17．（2023·安徽·中考真题）Our country will be much better for everyone in future ________ we all do something to help now. A．if B．before C．so that D．even though 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果我们现在都做些什么来帮助大家，我们的国家在未来会更好。 考查连词辨析。if如果；before在之前；so that以便；even though即使。根据“Our country will be much better for everyone in future … we all do something to help now”可知，空格后是前半句的肯定条件，用if引导条件状语从句，故选A。 18．（2024·北京·中考真题）—Tim, do you know ________ the art festival? — Sure! Next Friday. A．when did we hold B．when we held C．when will we hold D．when we will hold 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——Tim，你知道我们什么时候举办艺术节吗？——当然知道！下个星期五。 考查宾语从句。分析句子结构并结合选项可知，此处为宾语从句，应用陈述语序，排除选项A、C；根据答语中的“Next Friday.”可知，此处表示将来要发生的动作，时态应用一般将来时。故选D。 19．（2024·天津·中考真题）— Could you tell me _________? — He likes the Science Museum best. A．when Kevin visited the museum B．which museum Kevin likes best C．when did Kevin visit the museum D．which museum does Kevin like best 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我凯文最喜欢哪个博物馆吗？——他最喜欢科学博物馆。 考查宾语从句。此处是宾语从句，需用陈述语序，排除CD；根据答语“He likes the Science Museum best.”可知，询问最喜欢哪个，故选B。 20．（2024·安徽·中考真题）—Could you tell us ________ we can start a conversation with a foreigner? —Talking about weather is a good choice. A．how B．whether C．why D．when 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我们如何与外国人开始对话吗？——谈论天气是个不错的选择。 考查宾语从句的引导词。how如何；whether是否；why为什么；when什么时候。根据“we can start a conversation with a foreigner”以及“Talking about weather is a good choice.”可知是如何与外国人开始对话，用how引导宾语从句。故选A。 二、用所给词的适当形式填空（每题1分，共10分） 21．（2024·黑龙江·中考真题）The teacher told us that the earth (travel) around the sun. 【答案】travels 【详解】句意：老师告诉学生们地球绕着太阳转。空格是宾语从句的谓语动词，从句陈述的是科学事实，所以时态只能用一般现在时，主语是“the earth”，所以谓语动词用三单形式，故填travels。 22．（23-24八年级下·辽宁营口·期末）Our teacher told us that the sun (rise) in the east. 【答案】rises 【详解】句意：我们的老师告诉我们太阳从东方升起。宾语从句表示客观事实，故从句采用一般现在时，主语the sun是第三人称单数，故谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填rises。 23．（2022·江苏南京·中考真题）The teacher told us that the gravity on Mars (be) only about three-eighths of that on Earth. 【答案】is 【详解】句意：老师告诉我们，火星上的重力只有地球上重力的八分之三。句子含宾语从句，从句描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语“the gravity”是第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is。 24．（23-24九年级上·江苏无锡·期中）The little boy is so worried in the exam because he doesn’t know when (hand) in the paper. 【答案】to hand 【详解】句意：这个小男孩在考试中非常担心，因为他不知道什么时候交卷子。“特殊疑问词+to do”是宾语从句的简化，hand in意为“上交”。故填to hand。 25．（2024·江苏无锡·一模）—What if I fail the test? —Take it easy. Let’s worry about it when it (happen). 【答案】happens 【详解】句意：——如果我测试失败了怎么办？——放轻松。等它发生的时候再担心吧。根据“Let’s worry about it when it…”可知，此处指等事情发生了再说，when引导的时间状语从句，从句用一般现在时，it作主语，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式；happen“发生”，动词，其三单形式为happens。故填happens。 26．（23-24八年级下·湖北武汉·月考）I (return) it to the library as soon as I finish reading Little Women. 【答案】will return 【详解】句意：我一读完《小妇人》，就会把它还给图书馆。as soon as意为“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句时，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，故填will return。 27．（23-24九年级上·甘肃兰州·期末）The girl (who) coat is red is my good friend Han Mei. 【答案】whose 【详解】句意：穿红色外套的那个女孩是我的好朋友韩梅。根据分析句子可知，此处考查定语从句的关系代词，先行词是人，结合句意和“coat”可知，此处应该用whose，作从句的定语。故填whose。 28．（2025·甘肃定西·模拟预测）My brother wants a mobile phone which (take) good pictures. 【答案】takes 【详解】句意：我弟弟想要一部拍照效果好的手机。分析句子可知，这句话是“which”引导的定语从句，先行词“a mobile phone”是第三人称单数，所以从句中谓语动词用三单形式“takes”。故填takes。 29．（22-23九年级上·全国·单元测试）This is the watch that (buy) in the supermarket by your father. 【答案】was bought 【详解】句意：这是你爸爸在超市里买的那块表。分析句子可知，that引导的是定语从句，that代指的是watch，watch与buy之间是被动关系；“买”的动作发生在过去，所以应该用一般过去时的被动语态；再根据这里watch是单数形式，所以用was+过去分词。故填was bought。 30．（21-22九年级上·山东临沂·期末）He prefers (music) who write their own lyrics 【答案】musicians 【详解】句意：他更喜欢自己写歌词的音乐家。分析句子可知后面是who引导的定语从句，空格处缺少先行词，则先行词应指人，musician“音乐家”，从句的谓语动词write是原形，先行词应为复数形式。故填musicians。 一、语法选择（每题1分，共15分） （2022·广东广州·二模）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。 For thousands of years, people have told stories about heroes. Heroes are strong and brave people 1 help others. Today, we can read stories and watch films 2 superheroes. What are superheroes? Superheroes have special powers which they use to do good things like 3 people and fighting crime. They usually wear special 4 ; like a cape（披风）. Sometimes they wear a mask, so no one knows 5 they are. Modern superheroes come from stories in comic books. Superman 6 one of the first famous superheroes. 7 first Superman comic was published in 1938. Superman is an alien from the planet Krypton. He   8 fly and he is super strong. He is super-fast and no weapons （武器） can hurt him. The only thing that can hurt him is Kryptonite rock from 9 home planet. In 1941, Wonder Woman 10 . She is the first female superhero. Wonder Woman’s story 11 from  ancient Greek myths （神话）. She has some superhuman powers 12 . She is good at fighting 13 she has lots of weapons. Sometimes superheroes have friends that help 14 , like Jimmy Olsen in the Superman stories. These friends are called “sidekicks （伙伴）”. One of 15 sidekicks is Robin from “Batman and Robin”. Sometimes superheroes group together like Iron Man, Captain America and Thor in “ The Avengers”, or the mutants （突变体） in the X-Men team. 1．A．where B．whom C．whose D．who 2．A．at B．among C．with D．about 3．A．to help B．helping C．help D．helped 4．A．cloth B．clothes C．clothes’ D．cloth’s 5．A．who B．that C．why D．how 6．A．will be B．is C．were D．are 7．A．/ B．A C．An D．The 8．A．can B．should C．may D．would 9．A．he B．him C．his D．himself 10．A．creates B．was created C．created D．was creating 11．A．would come B．is coming C．comes D．was coming 12．A．also B．too C．neither D．either 13．A．and B．or C．but D．if 14．A．they B．their C．them D．themselves 15．A．famous B．more famous C．most famous D．the most famous 【答案】 1．D 2．D 3．B 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．D 8．A 9．C 10．B 11．C 12．B 13．A 14．C 15．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了不同时期的超级英雄。 1．句意：英雄是帮助他人的坚强勇敢的人。 where引导定语从句，先行词是地点，在从句中作状语；whom引导定语从句，先行词是人，在从句中作宾语；whose引导定语从句，先行词是人或物，在从句中作定语；who引导定语从句，先行词是人，在从句中作主语或宾语。句子是定语从句，先行词是人，关系词在从句中作主语，用who引导定语从句。故选D。 2．句意：今天，我们可以阅读有关超级英雄的故事和观看电影。 at在；among在……之间；with和；about关于。根据“films...superheroes”可知是关于超级英雄的电影。故选D。 3．句意：超级英雄有特殊的能力，他们可以用来做善事，比如帮助人们和打击犯罪。 to help帮助，动词不定式；helping动名词或现在分词；help动词原形；helped过去式或过去分词。介词like后加动名词。故选B。 4．句意：他们通常穿着特殊的衣服。 cloth布料；clothes衣服；clothes’错误表达；cloth’s错误表达。根据“like a cape”可知他们穿着特殊的衣服。故选B。 5．句意：所以没有人知道他们是谁。 who谁；that引导宾语从句，无意义；why为什么；how如何。从句中缺少表语，用who引导宾语从句，表示不知道他们是谁。故选A。 6．句意：超人是最早的著名超级英雄之一。 will be一般将来时；is是，一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数或不可数名词；were一般过去时，主语是复数；are一般现在时，主语是复数。描述客观情况，用一般现在时，主语是Superman，be动词用is。故选B。 7．句意：第一部超人漫画于 1938 年出版。 /零冠词；A不定冠词，用以辅音音素开头的单词前；An不定冠词，用以元音音素开头的单词前；The定冠词。序数词first前加定冠词。故选D。 8．句意：他会飞，而且他非常强壮。 can可以；should应该；may可能；would将会。此处表示“能力”，用can。故选A。 9．句意：唯一能伤害他的是来自他家乡星球的氪石。 he他，主格；him他，宾格；his他的，形容词性物主代词；himself他自己。空格后有名词，应用形容词性物主代词修饰。故选C。 10．句意：1941年，神奇女侠诞生了。 creates创造，第三人称单数；was created一般过去时的被动语态；created动词过去式或过去分词；was creating过去进行时。分析句子可知，主语“Wonder Woman”和谓语“create”之间是被动关系，根据“In 1941”可知此处用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done。故选B。 11．句意：神奇女侠的故事来源于古希腊神话。 would come将会来，过去将来时；is coming现在进行时；comes动词第三人称单数；was coming过去进行时。描述客观事情，用一般现在时，主语是Wonder Woman’s story，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故选C。 12．句意：她也有一些超人的力量。 also也，放肯定句句中；too也，放肯定句句尾；neither也不；either也，放否定句句尾。空格处在肯定句句尾，表示“也”用too。故选B。 13．句意：她擅长战斗，并且拥有许多武器。 and和；or或者；but但是；if如果。根据“She is good at fighting...she has lots of weapons”可知前后两句是顺承关系，用and连接。故选A。 14．句意：有时超级英雄会有朋友帮助他们。 they他们，主格；their他们的，形容词性物主代词；them他们，宾格；themselves他们自己。此处指“超级英雄们”，作宾语用代词宾格。故选C。 15．句意：其中的一个最著名的搭档是《蝙蝠侠与罗宾》中的罗宾。 famous著名的；more famous形容词比较级；most famous形容词最高级；the most famous定冠词加形容词最高级。此处是结构“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”，表示“最……的……之一”。故选D。 二、阅读理解（每题2分，共18分） A （2021·天津·中考真题）There are many deserts (沙漠) on the earth. And the following are some facts you may find interesting. What are deserts like? Deserts can be hot and dry places. Rain may not fall there for months or years. Some deserts are sandy and stony (多石的). Deserts can also be very windy places. The wind can change the shape of the deserts. It moves sand around from place to place. Temperatures in the desert can vary enormously(非常). During the daytime, the temperature may reach 40℃ even in the shade (阴凉处). At night, deserts can become very cold. In winter there may even be a frost (霜冻) in the early morning. Living in the desert The camel is sometimes called “the ship of the desert”. It stores food in its hump (驼峰) and can go for days without water. It has large feet which help it not to fall into the soft sand. Its long eyelashes (睫毛) keep out the sand during sandstorms. An oasis is an area of the desert where water may be found. The water may be in pools or under the ground. People and animals visit an oasis for water and food. Plants grow at an oasis. Some farmers are able to grow crops here. The Arabian Desert The Arabian Desert lies between the Red Sea and the Arabian Gulf. In some parts of the desert, it is too hot for people to live. Oil was discovered under parts of the desert and in the Arabian Gulf. This oil has made some countries in the area very rich. Much of the money has been spent building fine cities with lovely parks and lakes, and people live a comfortable life there. 16．Which of the following can best describe deserts? A．Hot and dry. B．Sandy and rainy. C．Wet and stony. D．Windy and snowy. 17．The word “vary” in the passage means “________”. A．be low B．be high C．be similar D．be different 18．The camel has long eyelashes to ________. A．stay cool in deserts B．go for days without water C．help it not to fall into the soft sand D．keep out the sand during sandstorms 19．According to the passage, people and animals visit an oasis for ________. A．frost and crops B．sand and stones C．water and food D．money and oil 20．What is the best title of the passage? A．What is the weather like in deserts? B．What do you know about deserts? C．How do people live in deserts? D．Where is the Arabian Desert? 【答案】16．A 17．D 18．D 19．C 20．B 【分析】文中主要介绍了一些关于沙漠的常识。 16．细节理解题。根据“Deserts can be hot and dry places.”可知，沙漠又热又干。故选A。 17．词义猜测题。根据“During the daytime, the temperature may reach 40℃ even in the shade. At night, deserts can become very cold.”可知，沙漠中温度变化很大。vary意为“变化”。故选D。 18．细节理解题。根据“Its long eyelashes keep out the sand during sandstorms.”可知，骆驼的长睫毛是为了在沙尘暴来袭时挡住沙子。故选D。 19．细节理解题。根据“People and animals visit an oasis for water and food.”可知，人和动物到绿洲是为了水和食物。故选C。 20．标题归纳题。文中主要介绍了一些关于沙漠的常识，以“What do you know about deserts?”做标题最合适。故选B。 B （2024·江苏苏州·二模） ①We can see circles, squares and triangles everywhere in our daily life. Have you thought about their meanings in films? Much like colors, different shapes can show different features of characters in the scenes. ② Circles represent things that are soft and natural. The round shape reminds us of things that appear in nature, like the sun, raindrops and so on. We can also connect circles with beautiful eyes, babies’ round faces… All these things make us feel happy and warm. This is why so many cartoon characters’ bodies—heroes, good people—are round in shape, because circles represent goodness, happiness and friendliness. ③ Squares show things that are unnatural or man-made, or things that are boring or old-fashioned. In the cartoon film Up, Carl has a square face and wears square glasses, while Russell, an 8-year-old boy with a round face, always wears round medals. These shapes show the characters’ personalities. Carl is stubborn (固执的) and lonely, while Russell is lovely and full of energy. ④ The angriest shape is the triangle. Every kid who draws a monster with sharp teeth draws a row of triangles, don’t they? That’s because the shape represents fear, distrust and doubt in some way. Look at the bad guys in cartoons—they are all drawn with plenty of points and triangles, like Shengongbao in Ne Zha. And triangles are stable (稳固的) and don’t easily fall down. In films, this feature makes bad people difficult to deal with. ⑤ Not only in cartoons, but also in other kinds of films, different shapes are used for the same purpose. So, try to find the hidden shapes and you will know what the characters are like. 21．How does the writer explain the relationship between squares and characters’ personalities? A．By telling a story. B．By listing numbers. C．By raising a question. D．By giving an example. 22．Which picture does the underlined word “triangle” refer to? A． B． C． D． 23．Which of the following is the structure of the article?（①＝Para 1,②＝Para 2……） A． B． C． D． 24．What is the text mainly about? A．Why different shapes represent different things. B．What makes kids fascinated by heroes in films. C．What different shapes represent in different films. D．How cartoons make different colors and shapes 【答案】21．D 22．A 23．A 24．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了在电影中不同形状的含义。 21．细节理解题。根据第三段“In the cartoon film Up, Carl has a square face and wears square glasses...Carl is stubborn (固执的) and lonely, while Russell is lovely and full of energy.”可知，作者解释卡通人物的个性与方形的关系是靠举例子。故选D。 22．词义猜测题。根据“Every kid who draws a monster with sharp teeth draws a row of triangles, don’t they? That’s because the shape represents fear, distrust and doubt in some way.”及“And triangles are stable (稳固的) and don’t easily fall down. In films, this feature makes bad people difficult to deal with.”可推知，此处意为最愤怒的形状是三角形。故选A。 23．篇章结构题。根据第一段“We can see circles, squares and triangles everywhere in our daily life...different shapes can show different features of characters in the scenes.”可知，第一段提出文章话题，第二、三、四段，分别介绍圆形、正方形和三角形与人物的联系，第五段进行总结，所以A项符合文章结构。故选A。 24．主旨大意题。根据第一段“We can see circles, squares and triangles everywhere in our daily life...different shapes can show different features of characters in the scenes.”及全文可知，这篇短文主要讲述了在电影中不同形状的含义。故选C。 三、任务型阅读(每题2分，共10分) （2022·辽宁朝阳·中考真题）根据短文内容，简略回答所提出的问题。 Xian Xinghai is a very famous musician in China. He has written many great pieces of music. In his short life, he wrote nearly 300 songs and an opera. Xian was born in Panyu, Guangzhou in 1905.Because his father died before he was born, Xian had to move from place to place with his mother. He began learning to play the violin when he was 20 years old. At first, his violin was so cheap and in a poor quality that he could not play it well. His friends laughed at him. However, Xian did not stop practicing and soon showed his talent. In 1934, he became the first Chinese student who studied in a special music school in Paris. Before he left, Xian became the school's best student and won several prizes for his talents. The next year, be got back to China and helped fight against the Japanese army. Later, he came to Yan’an to teach music at a college. Although there were no pianos in Yan’an at that time, Xian still wrote some of his most important music there, including The Yellow River Chorus, his most famous work. In May 1940, Xian Xinghai went to the Soviet Union (苏联) to write music for movies. Life there was so hard that he got very sick. Later he died of a lung illness on October 30, 1945, aged only 40. Xian Xinghai is such a great man and his music will live on in people’s hearts forever. 25．Was Xian Xinghai talented in the violin or the piano at first? 26．When did Xian Xinghai get back to China from Paris? 27．What is Xian Xinghai’s most famous work? 28．Why did Xian Xinghai go to the Soviet Union? 29．How do you like Xian Xinghai? 【答案】25．The violin. 26．In 1935. 27．The Yellow River Chorus. 28．To write music for movies. 29．He is such a great man and his music will live on in my heart forever./I think he is great. 【导语】本文主要介绍了冼星海的事迹。 25．根据“ At first, his violin was so cheap and in a poor quality that he could not play it well. His friends laughed at him. However, Xian did not stop practicing and soon showed his talent”可知冼星海一开始是在小提琴方面有天赋，故填The violin. 26．根据“In 1934, he became the first Chinese student who studied in a special music school in Paris”以及“The next year, be got back to China”可知冼星海1935年回到中国，故填In 1935. 27．根据“including The Yellow River Chorus, his most famous work.”可知冼星海最著名的作品是《黄河大合唱》，故填The Yellow River Chorus. 28．根据“In May 1940, Xian Xinghai went to the Soviet Union (苏联) to write music for movies. ”可知他是为电影写音乐。故填To write music for movies. 29．根据“Xian Xinghai is such a great man and his music will live on in people’s hearts forever.”可知他是一个如此伟大的人，他的音乐将永远活在我的心中。故填He is such a great man and his music will live on in my heart forever./ I think he is great. （2014·吉林·中考真题）阅读下面语段，请按照正确的逻辑顺序，将各语段重新排序。 A．I’m really looking forward to it, It has taken me a long time to decide who should be invited, But at last I have written the invitations to thirteen of my friends. B．I've been promised a party for my 16th birthday! Mum and Dad have agreed to let me have a party here at home, while they are away visiting some friends. Well, it's just three weeks to go before my party. C．I'm going to ask Alan and Sam to bring their CDs so that we can dance. The food will be made by mum and me before the party. Now I have to think about what to wear… D．Here is my party dress. It's a long silk dress; I'm going to wear my hair up on top of head, because that will make me look very smart. The house looks lovely. E. It has been decorated the house with coloured paper and flowers. It looks more beautiful. I have got everything ready. How I hope to have fun! 【答案】B A C D E 【详解】试题分析：本文叙述了作者想开16岁的生日聚会，有哪些人来参加、让朋友准备什么东西，父母应该做什么，自己应该做什么都做了安排。 【小题1】根据这几句话的意思可知这里叙述的是关于作者生日的前后的准备工作。所以一开始提到开一个16岁生日聚会是排在第一个，故选B。 【小题2】作者确定要开生日聚会，就想到应该让哪些人来参加生日聚会，于是就确定了人选，发出邀请，故选A。 【小题3】参加聚会的人员确定后，就应该该为了生日聚会而做出安排，于是就安排艾伦和山姆带来CD片，食物有父母安排，作者要考虑在聚会上穿什么衣服，故选C。 【小题4】上文提到作者要穿什么衣服，于是就开始叙述作者想穿丝绸的连衣裙，这件看起来很时髦。故选D。 【小题5】房子装饰完了，最后一切都安排就绪，故选E。 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $