Unit 1 Period 2 Grammar and usage（分层作业）英语译林版必修第三册

Unit 1 Period 2 Grammar and usage分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 一、英汉互译 1．高中 2．自我介绍 3．去上大学 4．对……自豪、骄傲 5．交朋友 6．impression 7．organization 8．talent 9．approach 10．nation 二、选词填空 用方框内短语的正确形式填空。请注意：其中有两个为多余短语。 lead to;   attach... to...;   to date;    beyond recognition;   make a difference;   come across;   comes up with 1．Knowing he really for these children, he broke into a joyful smile. 2．Tim is always confident and creative, and he often good ideas. 3．Within the next 80 years, our lives may be changed by 3D printing. 4．Reduced energy supplies and environmental pollution more advances in the technology of new energy vehicles. 5．With a kite and a metal key the string, Franklin raised the kite during a storm. 三、完成句子 1．20世纪60年代，一群自行车爱好者想出了一个主意。(come up with) In the 1960s, 2．在安排会议事宜时，请确保所有设备运行正常。（状语从句的省略） for the meeting, please ensure that all equipment works properly. 3．Then he folds the bill and slowly unfolds it again, at something he can’t believe.(as if) 然后，他折起钞票，又慢慢地把它展开，就好像看到了他不敢相信的东西。 4．Though he was clumsy, he was ambitious and wanted to live a life with dignity. (用状语从句的省略改写句子) 5．我会尽我最大的努力让你的学习更容易，在你来这里之前，你一定会说一些流利的中文。（before 引导省略主语和 be 动词的时间状语从句） I will try my best to make your learning easier and surely you can speak some fluent Chinese . 6．这是我第一次写申请，所以我甚至不知道是否有什么是需要注意的。（This is the first time that句式） , so I don’t even know if there are something to pay attention to. 7．如果可能的话，我想为我的社区做一些志愿工作。(条件状语从句的省略) , I would like to do voluntary work for my community. 8．在浏览新西兰的一个高中网站时，我看到了您在上面发布的信息。(时间状语从句的省略形式) of New Zealand, I saw the message you posted on it. 9．看了你的信后，我知道你担心交朋友。（after引导省略的时间状语从句） , I know that you worry about making friends. 10．When they discussed the plan, they found it difficult to reach an agreement. （用省略句改写） the plan, they found it difficult to reach an agreement. 四、单句语法填空 1．Though (lack) money, his parents managed to send him to university. 2．Though (view) as a major breakthrough in the field of generative AI, the new large language model still requires extensive testing and ethical review before widespread application. 3．If (put off) by over three minutes, D5122 would have made Wang’s attempt fail. 4．While (preserve) the core tradition, Zeng Fanyu innovates boldly to develop new flavors. 5．When (ask) about his future plan, the graduate said he intended to pursue further study abroad. 五、七选五阅读 How to Be Eco-friendly If you’d love to be more eco-friendly but don’t know where to begin, start with a few small changes. 1 Lowering Your Energy. Turn off lights and unplug power strips (电源插板) that you’re not using. 2 Since some devices can still use energy even when they’re turned off, turn off these power strips at night to completely cut off energy use. If you need to leave your computer, or TV on, try setting it to sleep mode instead of simply leaving it on. Using public transportation. 3 Keeping cars off the road in rush hours can also improve the air quality. If you do need to drive somewhere, ask friends if they’d like to carpool (拼车) , so fewer cars are on the road. 4 Say no to unnecessary plastic straws, lids, and bags and stop using plastic wrap and plastic containers for food storage. Instead, you can use reusable water bottles made of sustainable material like glass, bamboo, and ceramic. Considering growing a plant. They add more oxygen to the air, which means a less polluted air. If you don’t have a green thumb, choose some plants that are rather easy to look after. 5 If possible, grow more than one plant. A．Reduce your gas consumption and carbon emissions by walking, biking, or taking the bus. B．Here are some suggestions for you to live an eco-friendly life. C．Use less energy during the hot summer months and cold winter season. D．This is an easy way to reduce energy use. E．Using items more than once. F．Cutting Back on Plastics and Waste. G．“Lucky Bamboo” is especially good for that, since it demands nearly no attention. 六、语法填空 Today, Mount Qomolangma’s peak is not a lonely place any more. Over 3500 people have 1 (successful) climbed the mountain over the past years. Meanwhile, climbers have complained about 2 (wait) for hours in the bottlenecks. In fact, the dangerous 3 (crowd) aren't the only problem. All those climbers need 4 (bring) a lot of gear (装置) and much of them ends up being left on the mountains, becoming the world's 5 (tall) rubbish dump. But the good news is 6 some mountaineers are overtaking it to clean up Qomolangma. Mountaineers Paul and Eberhard are part of Eco Everest Expedition which has been cleaning up rubbish since 2008. So far they 7 (collect)over 13 tons of garbage. Some of that rubbish is even being used for 8 higher purpose. As part of the Mount Everest 8844 Art Project. a group of 15 artists Nepal collected 1.5 tons of garbage. They’ve changed the cans and oxygen tanks into 74 piece of art that are exhibited 9 Nepal’s capital. Part of the profit from sales 10 (be) available for the Everest Pakeers Association which has helped ole rubbish of the mountain. 七、完形填空 In the United States there was an unusual story telling of the daughter of a mechanic (技工) . One day while walking along the bank of a lake, the girl 1 to see 20 eggs laid by a wild goose. After some time the girl realized the mother would not return to her eggs and she 2 to take them home. There she carefully 3 the eggs in the heat of a lamp. Several days 4 the eggs broke and the baby geese came into the world. Geese are known to take the first living thing they see as their mother. 5 , to these young geese, the girl was their mother. As they 6 , the girl was able to lead her birds to run across the grass , but she could not teach them to 7 . The girl became increasingly worried about this , both when 8 and in her dreams. Later , she had an 9 :She would pilot a plane to guide them in 10 . She asked her father for a plane and he assembled (组装) a small aircraft for her. Caring about 11 safety , the father decided to pilot the plane himself. However, the birds did not 12 or follow him, and instead slept in the grass. One day , the girl 13 into the plane , started it and soon left the ground. Seeing their mother take to the air, the birds 14 flapped (拍打) their wings and 15 . She flew the plane freely in the sky , her young birds following. 1．A．managed B．planned C．happened D．supposed 2．A．helped B．decided C．afforded D．meant 3．A．placed B．protected C．treated D．examined 4．A．ago B．out C．later D．long 5．A．But B．Also C．Thus D．Still 6．A．increased B．improved C．rose D．grew 7．A．fly B．race C．swim D．sing 8．A．asleep B．away C．around D．awake 9．A．idea B．opinion C．explanation D．excuse 10．A．sky B．heaven C．flight D．plane 11．A．his B．her C．their D．its 12．A．respect B．remember C．recognize D．receive 13．A．climbed B．looked C．reached D．fell 14．A．secretly B．disappointedly C．patiently D．eagerly 15．A．looked away B．set out C．went by D．turned back 1 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Period 2 Grammar and usage分层练习 参考答案 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 一、英汉互译 1．senior high school 2．introduce oneself 3．go to university 4．be proud of 5．make friends 6．印象 7．组织 8．天才 9．靠近；方法 10．国家 二、选词填空 1．made a difference/had made a difference 2．comes up with 3．beyond recognition 4．have led to 5．attached to 三、完成句子 1．a group of cycling fans came up with an idea 2．When making arrangements 3．as if looking 4．Though clumsy, he was ambitious and wanted to live a life with dignity. 5．before arriving here 6．This is the first time that I have written an application 7．If possible 8．When browsing through a senior high school website 9．After reading your letter 10．When discussing 四、单句语法填空 1．lacking 2．viewed 3．put off 4．preserving 5．asked 五、七选五阅读 1．B 2．D 3．A 4．F 5．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了保护环境的一些方法，如降低能源，随手断电；使用公共交通；减少塑料和废物；种植植物等。 1．分析文章可知，文章采用了总分结构，第一段为总起段，因此最后一句需起到总起作用，引出下文介绍的环保的一些做法，B项符合文意，故选B。 2．第二段第一句提到“Turn off lights and unplug power strips (电源插板) that you’re not using.”随手关闭不使用的灯和电源插板，这是一件非常简单的，随手就可以做的事，故D项符合文意，故选D。 3．第三段的主旨大意是使用公共交通，A项中提到“通过步行、骑自行车或乘坐公交车，可以减少尾气和碳排放。”符合第三段的大意，故选A。 4．空格处是段落小标题。需选择第四段的段落大意。第四段提到“Say no to unnecessary plastic straws, lids, and bags and stop using plastic wrap and plastic containers for food storage”要拒绝不必要的塑料吸管、盖子、塑料袋，而且不要使用塑料袋来储存食物。F项提到减少塑料和废物，符合第四段内容。故选F。 5．最后一段提到“choose some plants that are rather easy to look after.”在种植植物方面，可以养一种容易照顾的植物。G项中提到的lucky bamboo就是一个特别好的选择，因为它几乎不需要怎么照顾就可以成长。由此可判断G项是对前文中的进一步解释，符合文意，故选G。 六、语法填空 1．successfully 2．waiting 3．crowds 4．to bring 5．tallest 6．that 7．have collected 8．a 9．in 10．is 【导语】这是一篇议论文。有很多人成功登顶珠峰的同时，他们遗留的垃圾也造成了环境问题。幸好有环保登山者，他们致力于清理珠峰，并做出了巨大成绩。收集的垃圾被制成艺术品陈列在尼泊尔首都，目的是提醒人们环保登峰。 1．考查副词。句意：在过去的几年里已经有超过3500人成功登顶珠穆朗玛峰。climbed为动词，应用副词修饰。故填successfully。 2．考查动名词作宾语。句意：与此同时，登山者们抱怨在瓶颈路段等候时间很长。句中about是介词，其后接动名词形式作宾语。故填waiting。 3．考查主谓一致。句意：事实上，这些危险的人群不是唯一的问题。分析句子结构可知，提示词作为句子主语，谓语动词是are，所以主语用复数形式。故填crowds。 4．考查固定短语。句意：所有的登山人员都需要带很多的装备，这些装备中有很多最终都被留在了珠峰上，成为世界上最高的垃圾场。根据固定搭配need to do sth（需要做某事）可知，此处应该用不定式形式。故填to bring。 5．考查形容词最高级。句意：所有的登山人员都需要带很多的装备，这些装备中有很多最终都被留在了珠峰上，成为世界上最高的垃圾场。句中的“rubbish dump”是名词词组，所以用形容词修饰，再根据句意此处为“世界最高的垃圾场”，故用形容词最高级。故填tallest。 6．考查表语从句。句意：但好消息是一些登山者现在正在从事清扫珠穆朗玛峰的工作。分析句子机构可知，此处是表语从句，从句some mountaineers are overtaking it to clean up Qomolangma的句子成分和句意都是完整的，所以用连接词that。故填that。 7．考查时态。句意：到目前为止，他们已经收集了超过13吨垃圾。句中so far(到目前为止)是现在完成时的标志词，主语是they，故用have done。故填have collected。 8．考查冠词。句意：那些垃圾中的一部分甚至有一个更高的使用目的。句中purpose是可数名词，根据句意此处不是特指，故用不定冠词。故填a。 9．考查介词。句意：他们已经把易拉罐和氧气瓶变成了74件艺术品，这些艺术品已在尼泊尔的首都展出。根据句意可知，此处应为“在尼泊尔的首都”，所以使用介词in。故填in。 10．考查主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，be动词对应的主语是profit（利益，利润），它是不可数名词，根据全文判断时态为一般现在时。故填is。 七、完形填空 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．C 6．D 7．A 8．D 9．A 10．C 11．B 12．C 13．A 14．D 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个工程师的女儿和天鹅的故事。一天她在湖边看到20只天鹅蛋，于是拿回家去把它们孵化了出来。当她发现天鹅没有妈妈带领着练习飞行的时候，她让工程师造了一架小飞机，带领着小天鹅们飞上了天。 【详解】1.考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，在湖边散步的时候，女孩碰巧看到一只野鹅下了20个蛋。此处考查动词+ to do的词义辨析。A.managed to do 设法完成某事；B.planned to do 计划做某事；C.happened to do碰巧做某事；D.supposed to do理应做某事。根据上文“One day while walking along the bank of a lake”可知，此处是 “偶然碰到”，故选C。 2.考查动词词义辨析。句意：过了一段时间，女孩意识到母亲不会回到她的蛋，她决定把它们带回家。A.helped 帮助；B.decided决定； C.afforded支付； D.meant意味着。根据下文中的“There she carefully 3 the eggs in the heat of a lamp.”可判断出她决定把这些蛋带回家。故选B。 3.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在家里，她小心翼翼地把蛋放在台灯的温度下。A.placed放置； B.protected保护； C.treated 对待；D.examined检查。根据下文“in the heat of a lamp”可判断出她把这些蛋放在灯下温暖的地方。故选A。 4.考查副词词义辨析。句意：几天后，蛋破了，小鹅出生了。A.ago以前； B.out 外面；C.later 以后；随后；D.long长期地；长久地。根据下文中“the eggs broke”可判断出过了几天之后，天鹅蛋破壳了，小天鹅来到了世上。故选C。 5.考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，对于这些年轻的鹅来说，这个女孩就是它们的母亲。A.But 但是；B.Also也； C.Thus因此； D.Still仍旧。根据上文中“Geese are known to take the first living thing they see as their mother. ”可判断，人们都知道天鹅把最先看到的生物当作是自己的妈妈，因此对于小天鹅来说，这位女孩就是它们的妈妈。故选C。 6.考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着它们的成长，女孩能够带着它们在草地上奔跑，但她不能教它们飞翔。A.increased 增加；B.improved改善； C.rose 升起；D.grew长大；成长。根据下文中的“her birds to run across the grass”可推断出，随着这些小天鹅的成长，女孩可以把它们带到草地上去跑一跑了。故选D。 7.考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.fly飞； B.race 比赛；C.swim 游泳；D.sing唱歌。根据下文“She flew the plane freely in the sky, her young birds following.”此处指她不能教小天鹅飞翔。故选A。 8.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：女孩越来越担心这个问题，无论是在醒着的时候还是在梦里。A.asleep睡着的； B.away客场的； C.around 周围的；D.awake醒着的。根据both和“in her dreams”可判断出无论女孩是醒着还是在睡梦中都为无法教天鹅飞翔而焦虑。故选D。 9.考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，她有了一个主意: 她将驾驶一架飞机，在飞行中引导他们。她向她父亲要一架飞机，他为她组装了一架小型飞机。A.idea 想法；B.opinion 观点；C.explanation解释； D.excuse借口。根据下文中的“She would pilot a plane to guide them”可判断出女孩想出了一个主意。故选A。 10.考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.sky 天空；B.heaven天堂； C.flight 飞行；飞翔；D.plane飞机。根据上文中的“She would pilot a plane”可判断女孩想让小天鹅学会飞翔，她想的办法是自己驾着飞机带领天鹅飞，所以是在飞行中带领它们，故选C。 11.考查人称代词词义辨析。句意：考虑到她的安全，父亲决定自己驾驶飞机。A.his他的； B.her 她的；C.their他们的； D.its它的。根据下文中的“the father”可以判断出，出于担心女孩的安全，父亲亲自驾驶飞机。故选B。 12.考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，鸟儿们没有认出他，也没有跟着他，而是睡在草地上。A.respect 尊重；B.remember 记住；C.recognize 认识；D.receive接收。根据上文内容可知，天鹅把女孩当作是自己的妈妈,所以不认识或不跟随女孩的父亲。故选C。 13.考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，女孩爬上飞机，发动飞机，很快就离开了地面。A.climbed 爬；B.looked看； C.reached 到达；D.fell倒下。根据下文的两个动词started和left可知此处应填climbed, 表示女孩爬上飞机。故选A。 14.考查副词词义辨析。句意：看着它们的妈妈飞向天空，鸟儿们急切地拍打着翅膀出发了。她在空中自由地驾驶着飞机，她的小鸟跟在后面。A.secretly 秘密地；B.disappointedly 失望地；C.patiently耐心地； D.eagerly渴望的。根据上文中的“Seeing their mother take to the air”可判断出由于小天鹅们看见自己的妈妈飞上了天空，它们都急切地拍打着翅膀。故选D。 15.考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A.looked away看向别处； B.set out 出发；C.went by经过； D.turned back转过身。根据下文中的“She flew the plane freely in the sky , her young birds following.”可判断出小天鹅们也飞了起来。故选B。 1 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Period 2 Grammar and usage分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 一、英汉互译 1．高中 2．自我介绍 3．去上大学 4．对……自豪、骄傲 5．交朋友 6．impression 7．organization 8．talent 9．approach 10．nation 【答案】 1．senior high school 2．introduce oneself 3．go to university 4．be proud of 5．make friends 6．印象 7．组织 8．天才 9．靠近；方法 10．国家 【解析】1．“高中”可用英语表示为senior high school。故答案为senior high school。 2．“介绍”可用英语表示为introduce，所以“自我介绍”可用英语表示为introduce oneself。故答案为introduce oneself。 3．“去”可表示为go to...，“大学”可表示为university，所以“去上大学”可用英语表示为go to university。故答案为go to university。 4．“对……自豪、骄傲”可用英语表示为be proud of。故答案为be proud of。 5．“朋友”可表示为friend，所以“交朋友”可用英语表示为make friends。故答案为make friends。 6．impression翻译为“印象”。故答案为“印象”。 7．organization翻译为“组织”。故答案为“组织”。 8．talent翻译为“天才”。故答案为“天才”。 9．approach翻译为“靠近；方法”。故答案为“靠近；方法”。 10．nation翻译为“国家”。故答案为“国家”。 二、选词填空 用方框内短语的正确形式填空。请注意：其中有两个为多余短语。 lead to;   attach... to...;   to date;    beyond recognition;   make a difference;   come across;   comes up with 1．Knowing he really for these children, he broke into a joyful smile. 2．Tim is always confident and creative, and he often good ideas. 3．Within the next 80 years, our lives may be changed by 3D printing. 4．Reduced energy supplies and environmental pollution more advances in the technology of new energy vehicles. 5．With a kite and a metal key the string, Franklin raised the kite during a storm. 【答案】1．made a difference/had made a difference 2．comes up with 3．beyond recognition 4．have led to 5．attached to 【解析】1．考查固定短语、时态。句意：知道他真的对这些孩子有影响，他突然露出了快乐的笑容。该空处意思为“起（重要）作用，有影响”，用固定短语make a difference表示，且句子描述的是过去的事实，所以时态用一般过去时，谓语用过去式。或者本空也可以强调make a difference这一动作发生在broke into a joyful smile之前，句子时态用过去完成时。故填made a difference或had made a difference。 2．考查固定短语、时态。句意：提姆总是充满自信和创造力，他经常想出好主意。该空处意思为“想出”，用固定短语comes up with表示，且句子描述的是他经常做的事情，时态用一般现在时，且主语he是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词用单数形式。故填comes up with。 3．考查固定短语。句意：在未来的80年里，3D打印技术可能会使我们的生活发生翻天覆地的变化。该空处意思为“翻天覆地地”，用固定短语beyond recognition表示。故填beyond recognition。 4．考查固定短语、时态。句意：能源供应减少和环境污染促使新能源汽车技术取得更多进展。该空处意思为“导致”，用固定短语lead to表示，这一动作开始于过去，持续到现在，句子时态应用现在完成时，又因主语是Reduced energy supplies and environmental pollution，所以助动词用have。故填have led to。 5．考查固定短语、with复合结构。句意：富兰克林在暴风雨中放风筝，风筝上系着风筝线和一把金属钥匙。该空处意思为“系”，用固定短语attach... to...表示，且with复合结构中，a kite and a metal key与attach... to...为被动关系，用过去分词，作宾补。故填attached to。 三、完成句子 1．20世纪60年代，一群自行车爱好者想出了一个主意。(come up with) In the 1960s, 【答案】a group of cycling fans came up with an idea 【详解】考查短语和时态。主语“一群自行车爱好者”用a group of cycling fans表达，谓语“想出”用come up with表达，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，come用过去式came，宾语“一个主意”用an idea表达。故填a group of cycling fans came up with an idea。 2．在安排会议事宜时，请确保所有设备运行正常。（状语从句的省略） for the meeting, please ensure that all equipment works properly. 【答案】When making arrangements 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。“在安排会议事宜时”作时间状语，可用处理为从属连词when引导的时间状语从句；主句是祈使句，从句可相应补充主语you，“安排会议事宜”用动词短语make arrangements，作谓语，描述某件事情正在发生，用现在进行时态are making arrangements；又因从句主语you与主句主语（祈使句暗含主语you）一致，且从句中有be动词，符合状语从句省略条件，可省略主语和be动词，保留when making arrangements。故填When making arrangements。 3．Then he folds the bill and slowly unfolds it again, at something he can’t believe.(as if) 然后，他折起钞票，又慢慢地把它展开，就好像看到了他不敢相信的东西。 【答案】as if looking 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。中英文句子对比可知，空处应填“就好像看到”，“就好像”用as if引导方式状语从句；“看到”用动词look，在从句中作谓语；从句主语和主句主语一致，都是he，且从句中有be动词时，可省略从句的主语和be动词，完整从句为“as if he is looking at something he can’t believe”，省略后为“as if looking at something he can’t believe”，所以这里只需填as if looking。故填as if looking。 4．Though he was clumsy, he was ambitious and wanted to live a life with dignity. (用状语从句的省略改写句子) 【答案】Though clumsy, he was ambitious and wanted to live a life with dignity. 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：尽管笨拙，他志向远大，想过上有尊严的生活。当状语从句的主语与主句主语相同（此处均为he），且从句谓语动词含有be动词（此处为was）时，可省略从句的主语和be动词。原状语从句though he was clumsy中，主语he和be动词was被省略，仅保留形容词clumsy，形成省略结构though clumsy。句首单词首字母大写，故答案为Though clumsy, he was ambitious and wanted to live a life with dignity. 5．我会尽我最大的努力让你的学习更容易，在你来这里之前，你一定会说一些流利的中文。（before 引导省略主语和 be 动词的时间状语从句） I will try my best to make your learning easier and surely you can speak some fluent Chinese . 【答案】before arriving here 【详解】考查before引导省略主语和be动词的时间状语从句。“在你来这里之前”为before you are arriving here，当主从句主语一致且从句谓语含be动词时，可省略从句的主语和be动词。故填before arriving here。   6．这是我第一次写申请，所以我甚至不知道是否有什么是需要注意的。（This is the first time that句式） , so I don’t even know if there are something to pay attention to. 【答案】This is the first time that I have written an application 【详解】考查固定句式和时态。根据中英文提示及题目要求可知，此处需使用“This is the first time that...”句式，表示“这是第一次做某事”，该句式中that从句要用现在完成时；表示“我”用I，作从句主语；表示“写申请”用write an application，作从句谓语和宾语；位于句首，首字母需大写。故填This is the first time that I have written an application。 7．如果可能的话，我想为我的社区做一些志愿工作。(条件状语从句的省略) , I would like to do voluntary work for my community. 【答案】If possible 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。“如果可能的话”应用if possible，是if引导的条件状语从句if it is possible的省略形式，if置于句首，首字母大写。故填If possible。 8．在浏览新西兰的一个高中网站时，我看到了您在上面发布的信息。(时间状语从句的省略形式) of New Zealand, I saw the message you posted on it. 【答案】When browsing through a senior high school website 【详解】考查时间状语从句的省略。当时间状语从句的主语和主句主语一致，且从句中有be动词时，可以省略从句的主语和be动词；原句中“在浏览新西兰的一个高中网站时”是时间状语，可处理为从属连词when引导的时间状语从句，补充主语“我”，用人称代词I，谓语“浏览”用动词短语browse through，描述过去某个时刻正在发生的事情，用过去进行时态was browsing through，宾语“新西兰的一个高中网站”用名词词组a senior high school website of New Zealand，符合状语从句省略条件，省略主语“I”和be动词“was”，保留When browsing through a senior high school website。故填When browsing through a senior high school website。 9．看了你的信后，我知道你担心交朋友。（after引导省略的时间状语从句） , I know that you worry about making friends. 【答案】After reading your letter 【详解】考查状语从句中的省略。根据句意，“看了你的信后”需用after引导时间状语从句，由于从句主语与主句主语（I）一致，且从句含“be动词”，可省略主语和be动词， “看了你的信”中“看”译为read，与主语之间为主动关系，用现在分词reading；“你的信”译为your letter作宾语，位于句首单词首字母需大写。故填After reading your letter。 10．When they discussed the plan, they found it difficult to reach an agreement. （用省略句改写） the plan, they found it difficult to reach an agreement. 【答案】 When discussing 【详解】考查省略句。句意：当他们讨论这个计划时，他们发现很难达成协议。原句是when引导的时间状语从句，从句主语和主句主语一致，且从句中含有be动词时，可省略从句的主语和be动词；原句中从句主语是they，与discuss之间是主动关系，省略they和were，保留when，discuss改写成现在分词形式，位于句首，首字母大写。故填When discussing。 四、单句语法填空 1．Though (lack) money, his parents managed to send him to university. 【答案】lacking 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管缺钱，但他的父母还是设法送他上了大学。his parents与lack是主谓关系，应用现在分词lacking。Though lacking money在句中作让步状语。故填lacking。 2．Though (view) as a major breakthrough in the field of generative AI, the new large language model still requires extensive testing and ethical review before widespread application. 【答案】viewed 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：虽然被视为生成式人工智能领域的重大突破，但新的大型语言模型在广泛应用之前仍需要广泛的测试和伦理审查。though引导的让步状语从句表示“虽然新的大型语言模型被看作是生成式人工智能领域的重大突破”，由requires可知，时态是一般现在时，主语the new large language model是单数，因此though引导的从句是though the new large language model is viewed as a major breakthrough in the field of generative AI，状语从句中主语和主句主语一致，且从句中有be动词时，可省略从句中的主语和be动词，因此空格处是viewed。故填viewed。 3．If (put off) by over three minutes, D5122 would have made Wang’s attempt fail. 【答案】put off 【详解】考查状语从句中的省略。句意：如果延迟超过三分钟，D5122就会让王的尝试失败。此处用了If引导条件状语从句，从句无主语，为省略形式，对主语和be动词同时进行了省略，put off“延迟”和D5122之间是被动关系，因此用put off的过去分词形式，结合“would have made”可知，从句用了虚拟语气，完整形式为If it had been put off…。故填put off。 4．While (preserve) the core tradition, Zeng Fanyu innovates boldly to develop new flavors. 【答案】preserving 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：在坚守核心传统的同时，Zeng Fanyu大胆创新，开发新口味。此处while引导状语从句，Zeng Fanyu与preserve是主谓关系，此空应是preserving，属于状语从句的省略，完整形式为While she is preserving the core tradition。故填preserving。 5．When (ask) about his future plan, the graduate said he intended to pursue further study abroad. 【答案】asked 【详解】考查状语从句省略。句意：当被问及未来计划时，这位毕业生表示他打算继续出国深造。When引导的时间状语从句，主语与主句主语“the graduate”一致，且含有be动词。主语与ask是被动关系，故省略“he was”，保留过去分词asked。故填asked。 五、七选五阅读 How to Be Eco-friendly If you’d love to be more eco-friendly but don’t know where to begin, start with a few small changes. 1 Lowering Your Energy. Turn off lights and unplug power strips (电源插板) that you’re not using. 2 Since some devices can still use energy even when they’re turned off, turn off these power strips at night to completely cut off energy use. If you need to leave your computer, or TV on, try setting it to sleep mode instead of simply leaving it on. Using public transportation. 3 Keeping cars off the road in rush hours can also improve the air quality. If you do need to drive somewhere, ask friends if they’d like to carpool (拼车) , so fewer cars are on the road. 4 Say no to unnecessary plastic straws, lids, and bags and stop using plastic wrap and plastic containers for food storage. Instead, you can use reusable water bottles made of sustainable material like glass, bamboo, and ceramic. Considering growing a plant. They add more oxygen to the air, which means a less polluted air. If you don’t have a green thumb, choose some plants that are rather easy to look after. 5 If possible, grow more than one plant. A．Reduce your gas consumption and carbon emissions by walking, biking, or taking the bus. B．Here are some suggestions for you to live an eco-friendly life. C．Use less energy during the hot summer months and cold winter season. D．This is an easy way to reduce energy use. E．Using items more than once. F．Cutting Back on Plastics and Waste. G．“Lucky Bamboo” is especially good for that, since it demands nearly no attention. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．F 5．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了保护环境的一些方法，如降低能源，随手断电；使用公共交通；减少塑料和废物；种植植物等。 1．分析文章可知，文章采用了总分结构，第一段为总起段，因此最后一句需起到总起作用，引出下文介绍的环保的一些做法，B项符合文意，故选B。 2．第二段第一句提到“Turn off lights and unplug power strips (电源插板) that you’re not using.”随手关闭不使用的灯和电源插板，这是一件非常简单的，随手就可以做的事，故D项符合文意，故选D。 3．第三段的主旨大意是使用公共交通，A项中提到“通过步行、骑自行车或乘坐公交车，可以减少尾气和碳排放。”符合第三段的大意，故选A。 4．空格处是段落小标题。需选择第四段的段落大意。第四段提到“Say no to unnecessary plastic straws, lids, and bags and stop using plastic wrap and plastic containers for food storage”要拒绝不必要的塑料吸管、盖子、塑料袋，而且不要使用塑料袋来储存食物。F项提到减少塑料和废物，符合第四段内容。故选F。 5．最后一段提到“choose some plants that are rather easy to look after.”在种植植物方面，可以养一种容易照顾的植物。G项中提到的lucky bamboo就是一个特别好的选择，因为它几乎不需要怎么照顾就可以成长。由此可判断G项是对前文中的进一步解释，符合文意，故选G。 六、语法填空 Today, Mount Qomolangma’s peak is not a lonely place any more. Over 3500 people have 1 (successful) climbed the mountain over the past years. Meanwhile, climbers have complained about 2 (wait) for hours in the bottlenecks. In fact, the dangerous 3 (crowd) aren't the only problem. All those climbers need 4 (bring) a lot of gear (装置) and much of them ends up being left on the mountains, becoming the world's 5 (tall) rubbish dump. But the good news is 6 some mountaineers are overtaking it to clean up Qomolangma. Mountaineers Paul and Eberhard are part of Eco Everest Expedition which has been cleaning up rubbish since 2008. So far they 7 (collect)over 13 tons of garbage. Some of that rubbish is even being used for 8 higher purpose. As part of the Mount Everest 8844 Art Project. a group of 15 artists Nepal collected 1.5 tons of garbage. They’ve changed the cans and oxygen tanks into 74 piece of art that are exhibited 9 Nepal’s capital. Part of the profit from sales 10 (be) available for the Everest Pakeers Association which has helped ole rubbish of the mountain. 【答案】 1．successfully 2．waiting 3．crowds 4．to bring 5．tallest 6．that 7．have collected 8．a 9．in 10．is 【导语】这是一篇议论文。有很多人成功登顶珠峰的同时，他们遗留的垃圾也造成了环境问题。幸好有环保登山者，他们致力于清理珠峰，并做出了巨大成绩。收集的垃圾被制成艺术品陈列在尼泊尔首都，目的是提醒人们环保登峰。 1．考查副词。句意：在过去的几年里已经有超过3500人成功登顶珠穆朗玛峰。climbed为动词，应用副词修饰。故填successfully。 2．考查动名词作宾语。句意：与此同时，登山者们抱怨在瓶颈路段等候时间很长。句中about是介词，其后接动名词形式作宾语。故填waiting。 3．考查主谓一致。句意：事实上，这些危险的人群不是唯一的问题。分析句子结构可知，提示词作为句子主语，谓语动词是are，所以主语用复数形式。故填crowds。 4．考查固定短语。句意：所有的登山人员都需要带很多的装备，这些装备中有很多最终都被留在了珠峰上，成为世界上最高的垃圾场。根据固定搭配need to do sth（需要做某事）可知，此处应该用不定式形式。故填to bring。 5．考查形容词最高级。句意：所有的登山人员都需要带很多的装备，这些装备中有很多最终都被留在了珠峰上，成为世界上最高的垃圾场。句中的“rubbish dump”是名词词组，所以用形容词修饰，再根据句意此处为“世界最高的垃圾场”，故用形容词最高级。故填tallest。 6．考查表语从句。句意：但好消息是一些登山者现在正在从事清扫珠穆朗玛峰的工作。分析句子机构可知，此处是表语从句，从句some mountaineers are overtaking it to clean up Qomolangma的句子成分和句意都是完整的，所以用连接词that。故填that。 7．考查时态。句意：到目前为止，他们已经收集了超过13吨垃圾。句中so far(到目前为止)是现在完成时的标志词，主语是they，故用have done。故填have collected。 8．考查冠词。句意：那些垃圾中的一部分甚至有一个更高的使用目的。句中purpose是可数名词，根据句意此处不是特指，故用不定冠词。故填a。 9．考查介词。句意：他们已经把易拉罐和氧气瓶变成了74件艺术品，这些艺术品已在尼泊尔的首都展出。根据句意可知，此处应为“在尼泊尔的首都”，所以使用介词in。故填in。 10．考查主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，be动词对应的主语是profit（利益，利润），它是不可数名词，根据全文判断时态为一般现在时。故填is。 七、完形填空 In the United States there was an unusual story telling of the daughter of a mechanic (技工) . One day while walking along the bank of a lake, the girl 1 to see 20 eggs laid by a wild goose. After some time the girl realized the mother would not return to her eggs and she 2 to take them home. There she carefully 3 the eggs in the heat of a lamp. Several days 4 the eggs broke and the baby geese came into the world. Geese are known to take the first living thing they see as their mother. 5 , to these young geese, the girl was their mother. As they 6 , the girl was able to lead her birds to run across the grass , but she could not teach them to 7 . The girl became increasingly worried about this , both when 8 and in her dreams. Later , she had an 9 :She would pilot a plane to guide them in 10 . She asked her father for a plane and he assembled (组装) a small aircraft for her. Caring about 11 safety , the father decided to pilot the plane himself. However, the birds did not 12 or follow him, and instead slept in the grass. One day , the girl 13 into the plane , started it and soon left the ground. Seeing their mother take to the air, the birds 14 flapped (拍打) their wings and 15 . She flew the plane freely in the sky , her young birds following. 1．A．managed B．planned C．happened D．supposed 2．A．helped B．decided C．afforded D．meant 3．A．placed B．protected C．treated D．examined 4．A．ago B．out C．later D．long 5．A．But B．Also C．Thus D．Still 6．A．increased B．improved C．rose D．grew 7．A．fly B．race C．swim D．sing 8．A．asleep B．away C．around D．awake 9．A．idea B．opinion C．explanation D．excuse 10．A．sky B．heaven C．flight D．plane 11．A．his B．her C．their D．its 12．A．respect B．remember C．recognize D．receive 13．A．climbed B．looked C．reached D．fell 14．A．secretly B．disappointedly C．patiently D．eagerly 15．A．looked away B．set out C．went by D．turned back 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．C 6．D 7．A 8．D 9．A 10．C 11．B 12．C 13．A 14．D 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个工程师的女儿和天鹅的故事。一天她在湖边看到20只天鹅蛋，于是拿回家去把它们孵化了出来。当她发现天鹅没有妈妈带领着练习飞行的时候，她让工程师造了一架小飞机，带领着小天鹅们飞上了天。 【详解】1.考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，在湖边散步的时候，女孩碰巧看到一只野鹅下了20个蛋。此处考查动词+ to do的词义辨析。A.managed to do 设法完成某事；B.planned to do 计划做某事；C.happened to do碰巧做某事；D.supposed to do理应做某事。根据上文“One day while walking along the bank of a lake”可知，此处是 “偶然碰到”，故选C。 2.考查动词词义辨析。句意：过了一段时间，女孩意识到母亲不会回到她的蛋，她决定把它们带回家。A.helped 帮助；B.decided决定； C.afforded支付； D.meant意味着。根据下文中的“There she carefully 3 the eggs in the heat of a lamp.”可判断出她决定把这些蛋带回家。故选B。 3.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在家里，她小心翼翼地把蛋放在台灯的温度下。A.placed放置； B.protected保护； C.treated 对待；D.examined检查。根据下文“in the heat of a lamp”可判断出她把这些蛋放在灯下温暖的地方。故选A。 4.考查副词词义辨析。句意：几天后，蛋破了，小鹅出生了。A.ago以前； B.out 外面；C.later 以后；随后；D.long长期地；长久地。根据下文中“the eggs broke”可判断出过了几天之后，天鹅蛋破壳了，小天鹅来到了世上。故选C。 5.考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，对于这些年轻的鹅来说，这个女孩就是它们的母亲。A.But 但是；B.Also也； C.Thus因此； D.Still仍旧。根据上文中“Geese are known to take the first living thing they see as their mother. ”可判断，人们都知道天鹅把最先看到的生物当作是自己的妈妈，因此对于小天鹅来说，这位女孩就是它们的妈妈。故选C。 6.考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着它们的成长，女孩能够带着它们在草地上奔跑，但她不能教它们飞翔。A.increased 增加；B.improved改善； C.rose 升起；D.grew长大；成长。根据下文中的“her birds to run across the grass”可推断出，随着这些小天鹅的成长，女孩可以把它们带到草地上去跑一跑了。故选D。 7.考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.fly飞； B.race 比赛；C.swim 游泳；D.sing唱歌。根据下文“She flew the plane freely in the sky, her young birds following.”此处指她不能教小天鹅飞翔。故选A。 8.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：女孩越来越担心这个问题，无论是在醒着的时候还是在梦里。A.asleep睡着的； B.away客场的； C.around 周围的；D.awake醒着的。根据both和“in her dreams”可判断出无论女孩是醒着还是在睡梦中都为无法教天鹅飞翔而焦虑。故选D。 9.考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，她有了一个主意: 她将驾驶一架飞机，在飞行中引导他们。她向她父亲要一架飞机，他为她组装了一架小型飞机。A.idea 想法；B.opinion 观点；C.explanation解释； D.excuse借口。根据下文中的“She would pilot a plane to guide them”可判断出女孩想出了一个主意。故选A。 10.考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.sky 天空；B.heaven天堂； C.flight 飞行；飞翔；D.plane飞机。根据上文中的“She would pilot a plane”可判断女孩想让小天鹅学会飞翔，她想的办法是自己驾着飞机带领天鹅飞，所以是在飞行中带领它们，故选C。 11.考查人称代词词义辨析。句意：考虑到她的安全，父亲决定自己驾驶飞机。A.his他的； B.her 她的；C.their他们的； D.its它的。根据下文中的“the father”可以判断出，出于担心女孩的安全，父亲亲自驾驶飞机。故选B。 12.考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，鸟儿们没有认出他，也没有跟着他，而是睡在草地上。A.respect 尊重；B.remember 记住；C.recognize 认识；D.receive接收。根据上文内容可知，天鹅把女孩当作是自己的妈妈,所以不认识或不跟随女孩的父亲。故选C。 13.考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，女孩爬上飞机，发动飞机，很快就离开了地面。A.climbed 爬；B.looked看； C.reached 到达；D.fell倒下。根据下文的两个动词started和left可知此处应填climbed, 表示女孩爬上飞机。故选A。 14.考查副词词义辨析。句意：看着它们的妈妈飞向天空，鸟儿们急切地拍打着翅膀出发了。她在空中自由地驾驶着飞机，她的小鸟跟在后面。A.secretly 秘密地；B.disappointedly 失望地；C.patiently耐心地； D.eagerly渴望的。根据上文中的“Seeing their mother take to the air”可判断出由于小天鹅们看见自己的妈妈飞上了天空，它们都急切地拍打着翅膀。故选D。 15.考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A.looked away看向别处； B.set out 出发；C.went by经过； D.turned back转过身。根据下文中的“She flew the plane freely in the sky , her young birds following.”可判断出小天鹅们也飞了起来。故选B。 10 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $