用英语讲述中国传统文化之传统文化阅读之民俗文化二-2026届高考英语一轮复习专项

( 民俗文化 )用英语讲述中国传统文化之传统文化阅读 Passage 1阅读理解A 主题语境：茶礼习俗 语篇类型：说明文 词数: 334 建议用时：7分钟 * It's hard to know the exact time when tea became a routine part of Chinese downies (嫁妆). The earliest written record of tea ceremonies is from the Tang Dynasty.When the Tang princess Wencheng married Songtsen Gampo, the king of Tubo in 641 AD, tea was on her dowry list. Ever since the Song Dynasty, tea-giving has been an indispensable part of the marriage process.Even for needy families,tea has been an essential component of betrothal (订婚) gifts. Furthermore, since tea-drinking was prevalent(盛行的) during the Song Dynasty, tea was also necessary for entertaining guests on the wedding day. Since tea symbolizes people's wishes for loyal love and a happy marriage, it continued to play a part in the institution of marriage during the Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasties. Since the early 1990s, weddings have become modernized and now partly imitate Western practices.However, the tradition of tea ceremonies at Chinese weddings has remained and is still highly valued today. The tea ceremony is one of the most significant events at a Chinese wedding. It's called jing cha in Chinese. In the distant past, the young couple was required to kneel while serving tea as a sign of respect.Nowadays, most modern families only require the couple to bow. In addition, the bride used to serve tea to all the close relatives on the groom's side; but today this custom is rarely followed and only by more traditional families. Originally, tea ceremonies for relatives of the bride were usually organized in the afternoon while the tea ceremony for the groom's side was usually in the morning,and should be conducted after the couple was married.Today, many couples choose to show respect to both the bride's and groom's families by hosting a tea ceremony for both sides at the same time. After the couple serves tea to both sets of parents,the parents respond by presenting the new couple with red envelopes and expressing their love and best wishes. 1 Why does the author mention princess Wencheng in Paragraph 1? A. To make a summary. B. To make an advertisement. C. To provide a contrast. D. To support an opinion. 2 What does the underlined word“indispensable” in Paragraph 2probably mean? A. Possible. B. Advisable. C. Necessary. D. Available. 3 What can we learn about tea ceremonies at modern Chinese weddings? A. They imitate Western practices in some ways. B. The young couple is expected to bow while serving tea. C. The bride is expected to serve tea to all the close relatives of the groom. D. Tea ceremonies for the bride’ s and groom’ s relatives are conducted separately. 4What could be the best title for the text? A. Chinese Wedding Tea Ceremonies B. The Meaning of Chinese Wedding Tea C. How Tea Becomes Part of Chinese Weddings D. How Chinese Wedding Tea Ceremonies Are Performed Passage 2 阅读理解B 主题语境：礼仪习俗 语篇类型：说明文 词数: 344 建议用时：7分钟 It is said that the history of kowtow (磕头) can be traced back as early as the legendary Emperor Xuanyuan.How this custom originated and how it survived throughout history have a lot to do with the living standards and customs of ancient Chinese people. There was no formal chair or bench before theHan Dynasty in China.People usually sat on mats made of reeds or bamboo strips at dinnertime, during discussions or reading. Guest s were usually invited to sit on an extra mat to show respect.Even top leaders would sit on a mat, which was usually of a higher quality. Therefore, the meaning of the words“to sit” in ancient times was completely different from what we understand today.“Sitting” is generally known as kowtow today: Both knees bent down on the mat, with the buttocks(臀部) resting on the heels. When meeting a guest, the host usually had to stretch the upper part of the body to show respect. Gradually, the custom of kowtow became a part of daily life. To show enough respect, one had to perform kowtow in ancient times, especially to seniors and higher officials.During the Zhou Dynasty, there was a set of strict rules about kowtow, which played a very important role in maintaining authority and respect toward emperors and, in turn, consolidating (使巩固) the feudal system. Emperors,therefore, were all willing to follow the tradition. * In the Han Dynasty, chairs and benches gradually appeared, which altered the original sitting gesture greatly. But the tradition of kowtow survived, and became a symbol of different classes. For instance, the custom of kowtow was applied when officials met the emperor or when officials of lower rank met those of higher rank. The custom also prevailed (流行) among the common people.During sacrifices and birthday celebrations for the elders,kowtow was also passed on from generation to generation.With the feudal system being abolished in 1911, kowtow also ended gradually. However, it is still sometimes performed in traditional ceremonies and rituals. 1 What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. The origin of the custom of kowtow. B. The history of the custom of kowtow. C. The meaning of the words“to sit” in ancient times. D. Ways to show respect to guests in ancient times. 2 Why were emperors willing to follow the custom of performing kowtow? A. To set down strict rules. B. To show respect to seniors. C. To strengthen the feudal system. D. To pass down the traditional practice. 3 On what occasions should kowtow be performed in the Han Dynasty? A. When the host greeted the guests. B. When the poor visited the rich. C. When young family members met their brothers. D. When young generations celebrated the birthdays of the elders. 4 When was it that the practice of kowtowing began to decline gradually? A. Before Emperor Xuanyuan came into power. B. When chairs and benches gradually appeared. C. When the original sitting gesture greatly changed. D. After the feudal system was abolished. Passage 3 七选五阅读 主题语境：节日民俗 语篇类型：说明文 词数: 332 建议用时：8分钟 With the Year of the Snake commencing (开始) on January 29, Chinese find themselves at the crossroads of tradition and reality. 1 It is also a time to appreciate the charm of intangible cultural heritage related to the Spring Festival. Chinese New Year pictures, or nianhua, a form of colored woodblock print, have a long history dating back to the Western Han Dynasty. Nowadays, nianhua's cultural and artistic value makes it a reflection of Chinese people's daily lives. Originating in the Western Han Dynasty, Chinese lanterns are an ancient traditional handicraft. 2 It is a Chinese custom to hang red lanterns in the New Year,which symbolizes peace and prosperity. The dancing lions, along with the sound of drums, cymbals (钹) and gongs (锣), signal the approaching Spring Festival in China. This performance is popular in Guangdong Province. The Guangdong Lion Dance, which was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage in 2006, is a combination of martial arts, dance and music. It originated as the royal lion dance during the Tang Dynasty and was later introduced to the south by migrants from the north. 3 This art form is not only popular in Guangdong Province, but also in other parts of the country. The temple fair, also known as Miaohui in Chinese, is a traditional cultural event that features all kinds of Chinese folk arts during the Spring Festival. The fair is usually held at temples or adjacent(与……毗连的) to them, hence the name. 4 The datiehua folk art, which means“striking iron flower”, was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage in 2008. This folk art involves splashing molten iron to create sparkling streaks of light,which simulate (模仿) fireworks. The history of datiehua can be traced back to the Spring and Autumn Period, with the emergence of the mining and iron-smelting industry in China. At first, datiehua was just used for sacrificial rituals by craftsmen in their own industry. 5 阅读短文，从选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A. The New Year marks the beginning of spring. B. It developed into its modern form during the Ming Dynasty. C. Fireworks have been the most popular Spring Festival custom. D. What makes the Spring Festival so vibrant is not just firecrackers. E. Some traditions have been updated with the development of technology. F. They integrate different skills, including painting, paper-cutting and paper binding. G. However, in the Song Dynasty, it gradually evolved into a traditional folk celebration. Passage 4完形填空 主题语境：传统节日 语篇类型：记叙文 词数:300 建议用时：12分钟 A Yangge folk dance performed by robots during the Spring Festival Gala of the Year of the Snake amazed global audiences. * In the performance directed by Zhang Yimou,16 robots 1 by Chinese robotics company Unitree performed together with 2 from China's Xinjiang Art Institute. Dressed in northeastern Chinese style floral (绘有花的) padded jackets, the humanoid robots can not only smoothly 3 their waists and imitate human leg-kicking movements,but also spin handkerchiefs, 4 extremely dexterous(灵巧的) actions. The innovative performance has 5 many netizens on overseas social media platforms. “Watching the full dance and the way the robots 6 those handkerchiefs is really impressive,” one netizen posted. “I 7 think it's kind of cool. The more you integrate (使融入) technology into life, the easier it is to get people to embrace it,” another one said. Those who 8 the performance on the stage of the Spring Festival Gala were Unitree H1, a humanoid robot product of Unitree. The company told the Global Times that through 9 AI algorithms (算法), the robots are capable of achieving a maximum joint torque of 360 N·m. 10 with 360°panoramic depth perception technology,they can precisely grasp every 11 in surroundings.Moreover, they can perfectly“understand” music, 12 movements in real-time according to the music. The high-precision 3D laser SLAM positioning and navigation technology also 13 the robots to accurately find 14 even in complex stage environments, the company noted. Unitree said they named this model of robots“Fuxi”,a homophone (同音词) for a mythical ancestor of the Chinese nation, symbolizing the beautiful 15 brought by technology. 1 A. received B. discovered C. produced D. donated 2 A. viewers B. dancers C. learners D. players 3 A. stretch B. bend C. twist D. touch 4 A. displaying B. exposing C. reporting D. marking 5 A. supported B. moved C. satisfied D. impressed 6 A. unfold B. spin C. throw D. hold 7 A. actually B. simply C. suddenly D. accidentally 8 A. put off B. switch off C. switch on D. put on 9 A. basic B. advanced C. limited D. previous 10 A. Compared B. Replaced C. Balanced D. Coupled 11 A. movement B. effort C.command D. goal 12 A. adapting B. adjusting C. recording D. observing 13 A. prepared B. urged C. enabled D. inspired 14 A. location B. light C. space D. direction 15 A. victories B. successes C. blessings D. devotions Passage 5 语法填空 主题语境：习俗文化 语篇类型：说明文 词数:210 建议用时：8分钟 Lichun, 1 is considered the beginning of spring, is the first of the 24 solar terms of the Chinese lunar calendar. As a Chinese saying goes,“the whole year's work depends 2 a good start in spring”. People in China hold 3 (vary)celebrations on this special day. *With the approaching of Lichun, or the Beginning of Spring, colorful“spring roosters” are sold in southern Shandong's villages, which are expected 4 (bring) good luck for children in a new year.On the day, many households also paste spring couplets or paper swallows onto their doors for good luck. Chinese people 5 (tradition) observe the custom of“bite the spring” on the day, eating carrots or spring pancakes and rolls 6 (wrap) around fresh vegetables and meat to celebrate 7 arrival of spring. To make and taste spring rolls with parents is part of Chinese traditions in celebration of the day of“Lichun”, literally 8 (mean) the beginning of spring. Apart from“bite the spring” in some rural parts,“beat the spring cattle” is also a folk tradition for farmers. A“cow” made of paper, mud or clay, 9 (beat) by farmers with a colorful club or a whip,dispelling(驱散) winter 10 (lazy) of the cattle and praying for the good harvest. 阅读短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 考点积累 Passage 1阅读理解A 单词短语 ( 第 10 页 共 11 页 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 单词短语 1 routine n.惯例; 常规; 例行公事 2 essential adj.极其重要的; 必不可少的 3 component n.组成部分 4 entertain v. 使欢乐; 使愉快; 款待 5 institution n.习俗; 制度; 社会公共机构 6 imitate v. 模仿; 仿效 7 significant adj. 重要的; 影响深远的 8 originally adv.原先; 最初 9 conduct v.执行; 实施; 进行 经典句式 Furthermore, since tea-drinking was prevalent during the Song Dynasty, tea was also necessary for entertaining guests on the wedding day. (since引导原因状语从句，表示已知的、显然的理由, 语气比 because 弱) Passage 2 阅读理解 B 单词短语 1 originate v.起源; 发源; 创立 2 stretch v. 延伸; 延续 3 maintain v.保持; 维持; 保养 4 authority n.当权; 权力 5 original adj.起初的; 最早的 6 gesture n.手势;姿势;姿态 7 rank n.地位; 级别; 行列 8 abolish v. 废除, 废止(法律、制度、习俗等) 9 in turn相应地; 转而 经典句式 It is said that the history of kowtow can be traced back as early as the legendary Emperor Xuanyuan. (It作形式主语，真正的主语为 that引导的从句) Passage 3 七选五阅读 单词短语 单词短语 1charm n.魅力; 吸引力 2 reflection n.沉思; 反射; 映像; 反映 3 combination n.结合体, 联合体; 联合, 混合 4 feature v.以……为特色 5 splash v.(液体) 泼洒 6 related to 与相关; 涉及 经典句式 The temple fair, also known as Miaohui in Chinese,is a traditional cultural event that features all kinds of Chinese folk arts during the Spring Festival. (known为过去分词，作后置定语) Passage 4 完形填空 单词短语 1 innovative adj.新颖的; 创新的 2 impressive adj.给人深刻印象的; 令人钦佩的 3 embrace v.拥抱; 怀抱 4 accurately adv.精确地; 准确地 5 complex adj.复杂的; 难懂的 6 symbolize v.象征; 代表 经典句式 Those who put on the performance on the stage of theSpring Festival Gala were Unitree H1, a humanoid robot product of Unitree. (who 引导定语从句) Passage 5 语法填空 单词短语 1 household n.一家人; 家庭 2 swallow n.燕子v.吞下; 咽下 3 wrap v.包; 裹 4 literally adv.真正地; 确实地; 按字面; 字面上 经典句式 As a Chinese saying goes, “the whole year's work depends on a good start in spring”. (As 引导非限制性定语从句，指代后面整个句子) · 语料积累 话题高频词汇 1 dynasty n.朝代；王朝 8 symbolize v.象征；代表 2 practice n.做法；惯常做的事；习俗 9 ancient adj.古代的；古老的 3 ceremony n.典礼；仪式 10 solar term 节气 4 custom n.习惯；风俗 11 date back to 追溯至 5 value n.价值 12 future generations 子孙后代 6 century n.世纪 13 pass down 使世代相传；流传 7 tradition n.传统；传统的信仰(或风俗) 14 drive away 赶走；驱赶 话题重点句、亮点句 1 With the development of modern society and the spread of new ideas, some traditions may fade away and others may be established.【人教版必修3】随着现代社会的发展和新思想的传播，有些传统会渐渐消失，而另一些传统则得以建立。 2 Customs play a significant role in festivals, but sometimes they can change over time.【人教版必修3】风俗在节日中扮演重要角色，但有时也随时间而变化。 3 Nowadays, many big cities have given up this custom in order to avoid air pollution.【人教版必修3】如今，为了避免空气污染，许多大城市已经摒弃了这一风俗。 4 It's a wonderful thing to be back together with my family and talk of old times.【北师大版必修1】能和我的家人团聚，聊起过去的时光，真是一件美妙的事情。 5 One example is the typical Chinese Spring Festival custom of lighting firecrackers to drive away the evil spirits and celebrate the new year.【人教版必修3】其中一个例子是典型的中国春节习俗，燃放鞭炮以驱邪并庆祝新年。 6 The custom of joyfully celebrating the Lantern Festival began in ancient times and still has great influence on Chinese people today.【人教版必修3】欢庆元宵节的习俗始于古代，至今对中国人仍有很大的影响。 7 This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers carries special significance. They represent the earth coming back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.【2020年全国Ⅱ卷】这就是用植物、水果和鲜花装饰具有特殊意义的原因。它们代表着大地的复苏和对新开端的最美好的祝愿。 $ ( 民俗文化 )用英语讲述中国传统文化之传统文化阅读 Passage 1阅读理解A 主题语境：茶礼习俗 语篇类型：说明文 词数: 334 建议用时：7分钟 * It's hard to know the exact time when tea became a routine part of Chinese downies (嫁妆). The earliest written record of tea ceremonies is from the Tang Dynasty.When the Tang princess Wencheng married Songtsen Gampo, the king of Tubo in 641 AD, tea was on her dowry list. Ever since the Song Dynasty, tea-giving has been an indispensable part of the marriage process.Even for needy families,tea has been an essential component of betrothal (订婚) gifts. Furthermore, since tea-drinking was prevalent(盛行的) during the Song Dynasty, tea was also necessary for entertaining guests on the wedding day. Since tea symbolizes people's wishes for loyal love and a happy marriage, it continued to play a part in the institution of marriage during the Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasties. Since the early 1990s, weddings have become modernized and now partly imitate Western practices.However, the tradition of tea ceremonies at Chinese weddings has remained and is still highly valued today. The tea ceremony is one of the most significant events at a Chinese wedding. It's called jing cha in Chinese. In the distant past, the young couple was required to kneel while serving tea as a sign of respect.Nowadays, most modern families only require the couple to bow. In addition, the bride used to serve tea to all the close relatives on the groom's side; but today this custom is rarely followed and only by more traditional families. Originally, tea ceremonies for relatives of the bride were usually organized in the afternoon while the tea ceremony for the groom's side was usually in the morning,and should be conducted after the couple was married.Today, many couples choose to show respect to both the bride's and groom's families by hosting a tea ceremony for both sides at the same time. After the couple serves tea to both sets of parents,the parents respond by presenting the new couple with red envelopes and expressing their love and best wishes. 1 Why does the author mention princess Wencheng in Paragraph 1? A. To make a summary. B. To make an advertisement. C. To provide a contrast. D. To support an opinion. 2 What does the underlined word“indispensable” in Paragraph 2probably mean? A. Possible. B. Advisable. C. Necessary. D. Available. 3 What can we learn about tea ceremonies at modern Chinese weddings? A. They imitate Western practices in some ways. B. The young couple is expected to bow while serving tea. C. The bride is expected to serve tea to all the close relatives of the groom. D. Tea ceremonies for the bride’ s and groom’ s relatives are conducted separately. 4What could be the best title for the text? A. Chinese Wedding Tea Ceremonies B. The Meaning of Chinese Wedding Tea C. How Tea Becomes Part of Chinese Weddings D. How Chinese Wedding Tea Ceremonies Are Performed · 参考答案： 茶是中国人嫁妆中的常规组成部分。从唐朝文成公主嫁给吐蕃王松赞干布时，茶就在她的嫁妆清单上。文章介绍了自唐朝至今茶礼习俗的情况。 1. D 推理判断题。根据第一段的 The earliest written record of tea ceremonies is from the Tang Dynasty.可知，作者在第一段提及文成公主是为“有关茶道的最早文字记载可追溯至唐朝。”这一观点提供事实支持。 2. C 词义猜测题。根据第二段的 Even for needy families,tea has been an essential component of betrothal gifts.可推知，画线单词与文中的 essential 同义，意为“必要的”。故选 C。 3. B 细节理解题。根据第四段的 Nowadays, most modern families only require the couple to bow.可知，如今，大多数家庭只是让新人在敬茶时鞠躬。 4.A 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了中国婚礼中茶礼传统的起源、传承及发展。A项适合作标题，其余三项所概括的均为文章部分内容。 难句分析 It's hard to know the exact time when tea became a routine part of Chinese dowries.很难知晓茶成为中国人嫁妆中常规组成部分的确切时间。 It 作形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语 to know the exact time。 when引导定语从句，修饰先行词 the exact time，并在定语从句中作时间状语。 · 参考译文： 很难知晓茶成为中国人嫁妆中常规组成部分的确切很时间。有关茶道的最早文字记载可追溯至唐朝。公元641年，唐文成公主嫁给吐蕃王松赞干布时，茶就在她的嫁妆清单上。 自宋朝以来，送茶已成为婚礼过程中不可或缺的一部分。即使对于贫困家庭来说，茶也是聘礼中必不可少的组成部分。此外，由于宋朝时饮茶之风盛行，茶在婚礼当天招待宾客时也是必不可少的。 由于茶象征着人们对忠贞爱情和美满婚姻的美好祝愿，所以在元朝、明朝和清朝，茶在婚姻风俗中一直占有重要地位。自20世纪90年代初以来，婚礼逐渐现代化，部分模仿了西方的习俗。然而，中国婚礼中的茶礼传统得以保留，并且至今仍备受重视。 茶礼是中国婚礼中最重要的仪式之一，在中文里被称为“敬茶”。在遥远的过去，新人在敬茶时需要下跪以示尊敬。如今，现代多数家庭只要求新人鞠躬即可。此外，过去新娘要给新郎家的所有近亲敬茶；但如今这种习俗已很少见，只有较为传统的家庭还会遵循。 起初，新娘家的敬茶仪式通常在下午举行，而新郎家的则在上午，且应在新人成婚之后进行。如今，许多新人选择同时为双方家人举办敬茶仪式，以示尊重。 新人向双方父母敬茶之后，父母会回赠红包，并表达对新人的爱与祝福。 Passage 2 阅读理解B 主题语境：礼仪习俗 语篇类型：说明文 词数: 344 建议用时：7分钟 It is said that the history of kowtow (磕头) can be traced back as early as the legendary Emperor Xuanyuan.How this custom originated and how it survived throughout history have a lot to do with the living standards and customs of ancient Chinese people. There was no formal chair or bench before the Han Dynasty in China.People usually sat on mats made of reeds or bamboo strips at dinnertime, during discussions or reading. Guest s were usually invited to sit on an extra mat to show respect.Even top leaders would sit on a mat, which was usually of a higher quality. Therefore, the meaning of the words“to sit” in ancient times was completely different from what we understand today.“Sitting” is generally known as kowtow today: Both knees bent down on the mat, with the buttocks(臀部) resting on the heels. When meeting a guest, the host usually had to stretch the upper part of the body to show respect. Gradually, the custom of kowtow became a part of daily life. To show enough respect, one had to perform kowtow in ancient times, especially to seniors and higher officials.During the Zhou Dynasty, there was a set of strict rules about kowtow, which played a very important role in maintaining authority and respect toward emperors and, in turn, consolidating (使巩固) the feudal system. Emperors,therefore, were all willing to follow the tradition. * In the Han Dynasty, chairs and benches gradually appeared, which altered the original sitting gesture greatly. But the tradition of kowtow survived, and became a symbol of different classes. For instance, the custom of kowtow was applied when officials met the emperor or when officials of lower rank met those of higher rank. The custom also prevailed (流行) among the common people.During sacrifices and birthday celebrations for the elders,kowtow was also passed on from generation to generation.With the feudal system being abolished in 1911, kowtow also ended gradually. However, it is still sometimes performed in traditional ceremonies and rituals. 1 What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. The origin of the custom of kowtow. B. The history of the custom of kowtow. C. The meaning of the words“to sit” in ancient times. D. Ways to show respect to guests in ancient times. 2 Why were emperors willing to follow the custom of performing kowtow? A. To set down strict rules. B. To show respect to seniors. C. To strengthen the feudal system. D. To pass down the traditional practice. 3 On what occasions should kowtow be performed in the Han Dynasty? A. When the host greeted the guests. B. When the poor visited the rich. C. When young family members met their brothers. D. When young generations celebrated the birthdays of the elders. 4 When was it that the practice of kowtowing began to decline gradually? A. Before Emperor Xuanyuan came into power. B. When chairs and benches gradually appeared. C. When the original sitting gesture greatly changed. D. After the feudal system was abolished. · 参考答案： 本文介绍了磕头礼这一习俗的起源及其在历史长河中的传承和发展。 1. A 主旨大意题。根据第三段的“Sitting” is generally known as kowtow today: Both knees bent down on the mat, with the buttocks resting on the heels.以及 Gradually,the custom of kowtow became a part of daily life.可知，“磕头礼”是由古代的坐姿演变而来。由此推知，本段主要讲述了磕头礼的由来。 2. C 推理判断题。根据第四段的 there was a set of strict rules about kowtow, which played a very important role in maintaining authority and respect toward emperors and, in turn, consolidating the feudal system. Emperors,therefore, were all willing to follow the tradition.可推知，皇帝愿意遵循磕头的传统是因为这在维护对皇帝的权威和尊重，进而巩固封建制度方面发挥了非常重要的作用。 3. D 细节理解题。根据第五段的 During sacrifices and birthday celebrations for the elders, kowtow was also passed on from generation to generation.可知，在祭祀和为长辈祝寿时，磕头的习俗也代代相传。 4. D 细节理解题。根据第五段的 With the feudal system being abolished in 1911, kowtow also ended gradually.However, it is still sometimes performed in traditional ceremonies and rituals.可知， 1911年封建制度被废除后，磕头礼也逐渐消失了。不过，在一些传统仪式和典礼中，有时仍会见到磕头礼。由此推知，磕头礼逐渐消退是在封建制度被废除后。 难句分析 In the Han Dynasty, chairs and benches gradually appeared, which altered the original sitting gesture greatly.到了汉朝，椅子和长凳逐渐出现，极大地改变了原来的坐姿。 which 引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子的内容，并在定语从句中作主语。 · 参考译文： 据说，磕头这一习俗可追溯到传说中的轩辕黄帝时据期。这一习俗的起源以及其在历史长河中的延续，与古代中国人的生活水平和习俗有很大关系。 汉朝之前，在中国没有正式的椅子或长凳。人们通常在吃饭、讨论或读书时坐在用芦苇或竹条编织的垫子上。招待客人时，主人通常会请客人坐在额外的垫子上以示尊重。即使是最高级别的官员也会坐在垫子上，通常是质量更好的垫子。 因此，在古代，“坐”这个词的意思与我们今天所理解的完全不同。古人的“坐”一般来讲就是我们现在的磕头，即双膝跪地，臀部坐在脚跟上。与客人见面时，主人通常要伸直上身以示尊重。渐渐地，磕头这一习俗成为日常生活的一部分。 在古代，为了表示足够的尊重，人们必须磕头，尤其是对长辈和高官。在周朝，有一套严格的磕头礼节，它在维护皇帝权威和尊重方面发挥了重要作用，反过来也巩固了封建制度。因此，皇帝们都愿意遵循这一传统。 到了汉朝，椅子和长凳逐渐出现，极大地改变了原来的坐姿。但磕头的传统得以保留，并成为不同阶级的象征。例如，官员拜见皇帝或下级官员拜见上级官员时都要磕头。这一习俗在普通百姓中也很流行。在祭祀和为长辈祝寿时，磕头的习俗也代代相传。随着1911年封建制度的废除，磕头礼也逐渐消失。然而，在一些传统仪式和典礼中，磕头礼仍偶尔出现。 Passage 3 七选五阅读 主题语境：节日民俗 语篇类型：说明文 词数: 332 建议用时：8分钟 With the Year of the Snake commencing (开始) on January 29, Chinese find themselves at the crossroads of tradition and reality. 1 It is also a time to appreciate the charm of intangible cultural heritage related to the Spring Festival. Chinese New Year pictures, or nianhua, a form of colored woodblock print, have a long history dating back to the Western Han Dynasty. Nowadays, nianhua's cultural and artistic value makes it a reflection of Chinese people's daily lives. Originating in the Western Han Dynasty, Chinese lanterns are an ancient traditional handicraft. 2 It is a Chinese custom to hang red lanterns in the New Year,which symbolizes peace and prosperity. The dancing lions, along with the sound of drums, cymbals (钹) and gongs (锣), signal the approaching Spring Festival in China. This performance is popular in Guangdong Province. The Guangdong Lion Dance, which was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage in 2006, is a combination of martial arts, dance and music. It originated as the royal lion dance during the Tang Dynasty and was later introduced to the south by migrants from the north. 3 This art form is not only popular in Guangdong Province, but also in other parts of the country. The temple fair, also known as Miaohui in Chinese, is a traditional cultural event that features all kinds of Chinese folk arts during the Spring Festival. The fair is usually held at temples or adjacent(与……毗连的) to them, hence the name. 4 The datiehua folk art, which means“striking iron flower”, was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage in 2008. This folk art involves splashing molten iron to create sparkling streaks of light,which simulate (模仿) fireworks. The history of datiehua can be traced back to the Spring and Autumn Period, with the emergence of the mining and iron-smelting industry in China. At first, datiehua was just used for sacrificial rituals by craftsmen in their own industry. 5 阅读短文，从选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A. The New Year marks the beginning of spring. B. It developed into its modern form during the Ming Dynasty. C. Fireworks have been the most popular Spring Festival custom. D. What makes the Spring Festival so vibrant is not just firecrackers. E. Some traditions have been updated with the development of technology. F. They integrate different skills, including painting, paper-cutting and paper binding. G. However, in the Song Dynasty, it gradually evolved into a traditional folk celebration. · 参考答案： 本文介绍了贴年画、赏花灯、舞狮、逛庙会、打铁花等年俗。无论时光怎样流转，这些世代相传的“年味”是每一个中国人内心深处最温暖的情感记忆。 1. A 根据空后的 It is also a time to appreciate the charm of intangible cultural heritage related to the Spring Festival.可推知，此处谈及了新年。A项“新年标志着春天的开始。”符合语境。 2. F此处位于段中，本段围绕灯笼展开说明，故推知，此处内容与灯笼相关。F项“它融合了绘画、剪纸和纸扎等多种技艺。”符合对灯笼特点的描述，且主语 They 指代上文中的 Chinese lanterns，紧密承接了上文。 3. B 根据空前的 originated as以及 later 可推知，此处承接上文，描述舞狮的历史。B项“它在明朝演变成如今的形式。”符合语境。 4. D此处位于句首，且空后段落内容围绕打铁花展开。D 项中的 not just firecrackers 自然巧妙地引出了本段话题————能起到和烟花相仿作用的打铁花。 5. G 根据空前的 At first 以及 was just used for sacrificial rituals 可推出，此处会提及后来打铁花如何发展。G项“然而，在宋朝，它逐渐演变成了一种传统的民间庆祝活动。”符合语境，且选项中的转折词 However紧密承接了上文。 难句分析 It is a Chinese custom to hang red lanterns in the New Year, which symbolizes peace and prosperity.在新年期间挂红灯笼是中国习俗，象征着和平与繁荣。 It 为形式主语，真正的主语为不定式短语 to hang red lanterns in the New Year。 which引导非限制性定语从句，补充说明“新年挂红灯笼这件事”，并在从句中作主语。 · 参考译文： 随着1月29日蛇年的到来，中国人站在了传统与现实的十字路口。新年标志着春天的开始。它也是欣赏与春节相关的非物质文化遗产魅力的时候。 年画是中国的一种木版彩色印品，有着悠久的历史，可追溯到西汉时期。如今，年画以其所蕴含的文化价值和艺术价值反映中国民间社会生活。 中国灯笼起源于西汉时期，是一种古老的民间手工艺品。它融合了绘画、剪纸和纸扎等多种技艺。在新年期间挂红灯笼是中国习俗，象征着和平与繁荣。 舞狮伴随着鼓、钹和锣的声音，预示着中国春节的到来。这种表演在广东省很受欢迎。狮舞(广东醒狮)，是融武术、舞蹈、音乐等为一体的汉族民俗文化，它于2006年被列入国家级非物质文化遗产名录。它起源于唐朝的宫廷狮子舞，后来由北方移民传入南方。它在明朝演变成如今的形式。这种艺术形式不仅在广东省流行，在全国其他地区也很受欢迎。 庙会，汉语中又称“Miaohui”，是中国春节期间的一种传统民俗活动，会上往往有各种各样的民间艺术表演。庙会通常在寺庙或其附近举行，因此得名。 让春节如此热闹的不只是烟花。打铁花民间艺术于2008年被列入国家级非物质文化遗产。这种民间艺术是将熔化的铁水泼洒出来，形成闪烁的光带，模拟烟花。打铁花的历史可以追溯到春秋时期，当时中国的采矿和炼铁业兴起。起初，打铁花只是工匠们在本行业祭祀仪式中的表演。然而，在宋朝，它逐渐演变成了一种传统的民间庆祝活动。 Passage 4完形填空 主题语境：传统节日 语篇类型：记叙文 词数:300 建议用时：12分钟 A Yangge folk dance performed by robots during the Spring Festival Gala of the Year of the Snake amazed global audiences. * In the performance directed by Zhang Yimou,16 robots 1 by Chinese robotics company Unitree performed together with 2 from China's Xinjiang Art Institute. Dressed in northeastern Chinese style floral (绘有花的) padded jackets, the humanoid robots can not only smoothly 3 their waists and imitate human leg-kicking movements,but also spin handkerchiefs, 4 extremely dexterous(灵巧的) actions. The innovative performance has 5 many netizens on overseas social media platforms. “Watching the full dance and the way the robots 6 those handkerchiefs is really impressive,” one netizen posted. “I 7 think it's kind of cool. The more you integrate (使融入) technology into life, the easier it is to get people to embrace it,” another one said. Those who 8 the performance on the stage of the Spring Festival Gala were Unitree H1, a humanoid robot product of Unitree. The company told the Global Times that through 9 AI algorithms (算法), the robots are capable of achieving a maximum joint torque of 360 N·m. 10 with 360°panoramic depth perception technology,they can precisely grasp every 11 in surroundings.Moreover, they can perfectly“understand” music, 12 movements in real-time according to the music. The high-precision 3D laser SLAM positioning and navigation technology also 13 the robots to accurately find 14 even in complex stage environments, the company noted. Unitree said they named this model of robots“Fuxi”,a homophone (同音词) for a mythical ancestor of the Chinese nation, symbolizing the beautiful 15 brought by technology. 1 A. received B. discovered C. produced D. donated 2 A. viewers B. dancers C. learners D. players 3 A. stretch B. bend C. twist D. touch 4 A. displaying B. exposing C. reporting D. marking 5 A. supported B. moved C. satisfied D. impressed 6 A. unfold B. spin C. throw D. hold 7 A. actually B. simply C. suddenly D. accidentally 8 A. put off B. switch off C. switch on D. put on 9 A. basic B. advanced C. limited D. previous 10 A. Compared B. Replaced C. Balanced D. Coupled 11 A. movement B. effort C.command D. goal 12 A. adapting B. adjusting C. recording D. observing 13 A. prepared B. urged C. enabled D. inspired 14 A. location B. light C. space D. direction 15 A. victories B. successes C. blessings D. devotions · 参考答案： 大秧歌作为北方民俗文化的典型代表，在中国北方广泛流传。2025蛇年春晚上，由机器人表演的秧歌舞令全球观众惊叹不已。该表演把传统民俗和人工智能融合到一起。这群由宇树科技制造的人形机器人 Hl 被命名为“福兮”。 1. C 根据第 8空后的 were Unitree H1,a humanoid robot product of Unitree 可知，这些机器人是由中国机器人公司宇树科技研发生产的。 2. B 根据第一段可知，机器人表演的是秧歌舞。由此可推知，一起参演的是来自新疆艺术学院的舞蹈演员。 3. C 根据第4个空后的 extremely dexterous actions 可知，此处所填动词体现了机器人腰部的灵活性。 twist意为“扭动；转动(身体部位)”，符合语境。 4. A 通过转手绢，机器人展示了极度灵巧的动作。display 意为“展示；陈列”； expose 意为“使接触；使暴露”； report 意为“报道；报告”； mark 意为“标记；打分”。 5.D句意：这场创新表演在海外社交媒体平台上给许多网友留下了深刻印象。 impress sb意为“给某人留下印象”，符合语境。 6. B 根据第 4空前的 but also spin handkerchiefs可知,机器人在扭秧歌时最经典、给人印象最深刻的动作是转手绢。spin意为“快速旋转”，符合语境。 7. A 句意：事实上我觉得这有点儿酷。actually常用来表示强调，意为“事实上”，符合语境。 8. D宇树科技的H1是春晚登台表演的人形机器人。put on the performance 意为“表演”, 符合语境。 9. B 根据空后的 the robots are capable of achieving a maximum joint torque of 360 N·m可知, 机器人使用了先进的AI算法，实现最大关节扭矩360牛·米。 10. D根据空后的内容可知，机器人能够精准捕捉周围环境中的每一个动作。这是先进的AI算法和360度全景深度感知技术共同作用的效果。be coupled with意为“和……结合；加上”，符合语境。 11. A机器人在扭秧歌的过程中最需要的是通过全景深度感知技术，精准掌握周围环境中的一举一动。 12. B根据空前的内容可知，机器人能“听懂”音乐，这有助于它们根据音乐实时调整动作。adjust意为“调整；调节”，符合语境。 13. C技术用来赋予机器人某种能力。高精度3D激光SLAM定位导航技术使机器人即使在复杂的舞台环境中也能找准位置。 14. A 根据第13空前的 positioning and navigation technology 可知，机器人在定位导航技术的帮助下，即使在复杂的舞台环境中也能找准位置。 15. C 根据机器人的名字 Fuxi(福兮)可推知，此名字寓意科技带来的美好祝福。 难句分析 ★ In the performance directed by Zhang Yimou,16robots produced by Chinese robotics company Unitree performed together with dancers from China's XinjiangArt Institute.在张艺谋导演的这场表演中，来自中国机器人公司宇树科技的16个机器人与来自中国新疆艺术学院的舞蹈演员共同表演。 performance与 direct之间为被动关系, 故用过去分词directed, 作后置定语。同样, robots与 produce之间为被动关系，故用过去分词 produced，作后置定语。 · 参考译文： 蛇年春晚期间，由机器人表演的秧歌舞令全球观众惊叹不已。 在张艺谋导演的这场表演中，来自中国机器人公司宇树科技的16个机器人与来自中国新疆艺术学院的舞蹈演员共同表演。身着东北风格的花棉袄，这些人形机器人不仅能够灵活扭腰，模仿人类的踢腿动作，还能转手绢，展现出极其灵巧的动作。 这场创新表演在海外社交媒体平台上给许多网友留下了深刻印象。 一位网友发帖称：“看完整个舞蹈和机器人旋转手帕的方式，真的令人印象深刻。”另一位网友表示：“事实上我觉得这有些酷。将技术融入生活越多，人们就越容易接受它。” 在春晚舞台上进行表演的是宇树科技的人形机器人H1。该公司告诉《环球时报》，通过先进的AI算法，这些机器人能够实现最大关节扭矩360牛·米。再加上360度全景深度感知技术，它们能够精准掌握周围环境中的每一个动作。此外，它们还能完美“理解”音乐，根据音乐实时调整动作。 该公司指出，高精度3D激光SLAM定位导航技术还使机器人即使在复杂的舞台环境中也能准确找到自己的位置。 宇树科技表示，他们将这款机器人命名为“福兮”，谐音中华民族神话中的祖先“伏羲”，寓意科技带来的美好祝福。 Passage 5 语法填空 主题语境：习俗文化 语篇类型：说明文 词数:210 建议用时：8分钟 Lichun, 1 is considered the beginning of spring, is the first of the 24 solar terms of the Chinese lunar calendar. As a Chinese saying goes,“the whole year's work depends 2 a good start in spring”. People in China hold 3 (vary)celebrations on this special day. *With the approaching of Lichun, or the Beginning of Spring, colorful“spring roosters” are sold in southern Shandong's villages, which are expected 4 (bring) good luck for children in a new year.On the day, many households also paste spring couplets or paper swallows onto their doors for good luck. Chinese people 5 (tradition) observe the custom of“bite the spring” on the day, eating carrots or spring pancakes and rolls 6 (wrap) around fresh vegetables and meat to celebrate 7 arrival of spring. To make and taste spring rolls with parents is part of Chinese traditions in celebration of the day of“Lichun”, literally 8 (mean) the beginning of spring. Apart from“bite the spring” in some rural parts,“beat the spring cattle” is also a folk tradition for farmers. A“cow” made of paper, mud or clay, 9 (beat) by farmers with a colorful club or a whip,dispelling(驱散) winter 10 (lazy) of the cattle and praying for the good harvest. 阅读短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 · 参考答案： 立春是二十四节气中的第一个节气，预示着春天的到来，农事活动即将开始。各地在立春这一天会举行一些民俗活动，寄托着民众对新一年的美好期盼。 1. which考查定语从句。引导非限制性定语从句，补充说明先行词 Lichun，指物，且在从句中作主语，故填 which。 2. on 考查介词。 depend on为固定短语, 意为“依靠;取决于 (条件、情况)；视……而定”。 3. various 考查形容词。修饰名词 celebrations, 应用形容词 various。 4. to bring 考查非谓语动词。 be expected to do sth为固定表达,意为“被期望做某事”。故填 to bring。 5. traditionally 考查副词。修饰谓语动词 observe, 应用副词作状语。 6. wrapped 考查非谓语动词。作后置定语，且与被修饰词 rolls之间为被动关系，故用过去分词。 7. the 考查冠词。特指春天的到来，故填定冠词 the。 8. meaning 考查非谓语动词。作后置定语，且与被修饰词 Lichun之间为主动关系，故用现在分词。 9. is beaten 考查动词的时态和语态。描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，且动词 beat 和主语cow之间为被动关系。故填 is beaten。 10. laziness 考查名词。根据空后的介词 of可知,此处应填名词,作现在分词 dispelling 的宾语。 难句分析 With the approaching of Lichun, or the Beginning of Spring, colorful“spring roosters” are sold in southern Shandong's villages, which are expected to bring good luck for children in a new year.随着立春的到来, 山东南部的村庄里开始售卖色彩斑斓的“春鸡”，人们期望它们能给孩子们带来新一年的好运。 which引导非限制性定语从句，补充说明先行词 spring roosters，并在从句中作主语。 · 参考译文： 立春是二十四节气之首，被视为春天的开始。 正如中国的一句俗语所说：“一年之计在于春”。在中国，人们会在这一天举行各种庆祝活动。 随着立春的到来，山东南部的村庄里开始售卖色彩斑斓的“春鸡”，人们期望它们能给孩子们带来新一年的好运。在这一天，许多家庭还会在门上贴春联或纸燕，以求好运。 中国人在立春这一天会遵守“咬春”的传统习俗，吃胡萝卜、春饼和卷着新鲜蔬菜和肉的春卷，以此庆祝春天的到来。和父母一起制作和品尝春卷是中国各地庆祝立春的传统习俗之一。 除了一些农村地区有“咬春”的习俗外，“打春牛”也是农民们的一项民间传统。农民们会用彩杖或彩鞭打一只用纸、泥或黏土做成的“牛”，以驱散牛在冬天的慵懒，祈求丰收。 考点积累 Passage 1阅读理解A 单词短语 ( 第 10 页 共 11 页 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1 routine n.惯例; 常规; 例行公事 2 essential adj.极其重要的; 必不可少的 3 component n.组成部分 4 entertain v. 使欢乐; 使愉快; 款待 5 institution n.习俗; 制度; 社会公共机构 6 imitate v. 模仿; 仿效 7 significant adj. 重要的; 影响深远的 8 originally adv.原先; 最初 9 conduct v.执行; 实施; 进行 经典句式 Furthermore, since tea-drinking was prevalent during the Song Dynasty, tea was also necessary for entertaining guests on the wedding day. (since引导原因状语从句，表示已知的、显然的理由, 语气比 because 弱) Passage 2 阅读理解 B 单词短语 1 originate v.起源; 发源; 创立 2 stretch v. 延伸; 延续 3 maintain v.保持; 维持; 保养 4 authority n.当权; 权力 5 original adj.起初的; 最早的 6 gesture n.手势;姿势;姿态 7 rank n.地位; 级别; 行列 8 abolish v. 废除, 废止(法律、制度、习俗等) 9 in turn相应地; 转而 经典句式 It is said that the history of kowtow can be traced back as early as the legendary Emperor Xuanyuan. (It作形式主语，真正的主语为 that引导的从句) Passage 3 七选五阅读 单词短语 1charm n.魅力; 吸引力 2 reflection n.沉思; 反射; 映像; 反映 3 combination n.结合体, 联合体; 联合, 混合 4 feature v.以……为特色 5 splash v.(液体) 泼洒 6 related to 与相关; 涉及 经典句式 The temple fair, also known as Miaohui in Chinese,is a traditional cultural event that features all kinds of Chinese folk arts during the Spring Festival. (known为过去分词，作后置定语) Passage 4 完形填空 单词短语 1 innovative adj.新颖的; 创新的 2 impressive adj.给人深刻印象的; 令人钦佩的 3 embrace v.拥抱; 怀抱 4 accurately adv.精确地; 准确地 5 complex adj.复杂的; 难懂的 6 symbolize v.象征; 代表 经典句式 Those who put on the performance on the stage of theSpring Festival Gala were Unitree H1, a humanoid robot product of Unitree. (who 引导定语从句) Passage 5 语法填空 单词短语 1 household n.一家人; 家庭 2 swallow n.燕子v.吞下; 咽下 3 wrap v.包; 裹 4 literally adv.真正地; 确实地; 按字面; 字面上 经典句式 As a Chinese saying goes, “the whole year's work depends on a good start in spring”. (As 引导非限制性定语从句，指代后面整个句子) · 语料积累 话题高频词汇 1 dynasty n.朝代；王朝 8 symbolize v.象征；代表 2 practice n.做法；惯常做的事；习俗 9 ancient adj.古代的；古老的 3 ceremony n.典礼；仪式 10 solar term 节气 4 custom n.习惯；风俗 11 date back to 追溯至 5 value n.价值 12 future generations 子孙后代 6 century n.世纪 13 pass down 使世代相传；流传 7 tradition n.传统；传统的信仰(或风俗) 14 drive away 赶走；驱赶 话题重点句、亮点句 1 With the development of modern society and the spread of new ideas, some traditions may fade away and others may be established.【人教版必修3】随着现代社会的发展和新思想的传播，有些传统会渐渐消失，而另一些传统则得以建立。 2 Customs play a significant role in festivals, but sometimes they can change over time.【人教版必修3】风俗在节日中扮演重要角色，但有时也随时间而变化。 3 Nowadays, many big cities have given up this custom in order to avoid air pollution.【人教版必修3】如今，为了避免空气污染，许多大城市已经摒弃了这一风俗。 4 It's a wonderful thing to be back together with my family and talk of old times.【北师大版必修1】能和我的家人团聚，聊起过去的时光，真是一件美妙的事情。 5 One example is the typical Chinese Spring Festival custom of lighting firecrackers to drive away the evil spirits and celebrate the new year.【人教版必修3】其中一个例子是典型的中国春节习俗，燃放鞭炮以驱邪并庆祝新年。 6 The custom of joyfully celebrating the Lantern Festival began in ancient times and still has great influence on Chinese people today.【人教版必修3】欢庆元宵节的习俗始于古代，至今对中国人仍有很大的影响。 7 This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers carries special significance. They represent the earth coming back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.【2020年全国Ⅱ卷】这就是用植物、水果和鲜花装饰具有特殊意义的原因。它们代表着大地的复苏和对新开端的最美好的祝愿。 $