精品解析：天津市滨海德远高级中学2025-2026学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题

德远高中2025-2026学年度高三第一学期期中考试卷 高三（英语）学科 第Ⅰ卷（选择题 共115分） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分20分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.15. C. £9.18. 答案为B。 1. How old is the man now? A. 68 B. 65 C. 62 2. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Get a new letter. B. Use the old letter. C. Write the letter himself. 3. What are the speakers talking about? A. The lunch. B. The menu. C. The school website. 4 Which dish did the man cook in the competition? A. Meat. B. Vegetables. C. Fish. 5. How did the woman hear about the wedding? A. Bettina phoned her. B. Bettina visited her. C. Bettina wrote to her. 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8三个小题。 6. What is the most probable relationship between the speakers? A. Manager and clerk. B. Teacher and student. C. Doctor and patient. 7. Why was the woman late yesterday? A. The bus she took broke down. B. The alarm clock didn’t go off. C. She was caught in a traffic jam. 8. How late was the woman this time? A. Fifteen minutes. B. Thirty minutes. C. Forty-five minutes. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11三个小题。 9. What are the speakers planning for? A. A family reunion. B. Christmas decoration. C. Festival shopping. 10. Where is Rita coming from? A. Illinois. B. Alabama. C. California. 11. Who is in the service now? A. Robert. B. Larry. C. Tom. 听下面一段独白，回答第12至第15四个小题。 12. In which year did Radio Caroline close down? A. In 1960. B. In 1964. C. In 1968. 13. What can visitors do at the exhibition? A. Meet several DJs of Radio Caroline. B. Get records by The Beatles. C. See some letters from music fans. 14. Why is the exhibition unusual? A. It’s free of charge. B. It’s held on the radio ship itself. C. It’s opened to only The Beatles’ fans. 15. When did the exhibition begin? A. In April. B. In May. C. In June. 第二部分：英语知识应用 第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. —What about watching a ballet show this evening? —Thanks for inviting me, but ballet isn’t really ______. A. the apple of my eye B. my feet of clay C. my cup of tea D. the salt of the earth 2. To realize his dream, a man has no ________ but to spare no effort to fight. A. alternative B. assumption C. approval D. agreement 3. ________with two job offers, for instance, we may wonder exactly what it is we’re choosing between. A. Having presented B. Presented C. To present D. Presenting 4. A simple restaurant was ________ he usually had the same meal of sausages, eggs and coffee. A. how B. that C. what D. where 5. Our father _______ sit in the yard every evening and share his childhood stories with us when we were little kids. A. might B. would C. should D. could 6. _______ WeChat has changed our life, not all of its effects have been positive. A. Since B. While C. Unless D. As 7. Many awful facts have shown that it is totally wrong to environmental protection when we develop economy. A. adjust B. ignore C. advocate D. improve 8. In the past few years, WeChat as well as telephones ________ an important part in our daily communication. A. has played B. have played C. is playing D. play 9. —You seem to be very upset this afternoon. —________. I should not have said so much about Jack’s family. A. Never say never B. Pull your weight C. Loose lips sink ships D. Hold your horses 10. When ________to compare the education system of China and Britain, the professor gave no answer. A. ask B. asking C. asked D. to ask 11. The authorities say nearly 3,000 people died as a result of Hurricane Maria, 46 times more than ______ thought. A. historically B. originally C. normally D. frequently 12. A tour bus, ______ body huge flowers were painted, appeared in Tianjin during the Begonia Festival. A. of which B. across whose C. across which D. of whose 13. He always did well at school _____ having to do part–time jobs every now and then. A. in spite of B. instead of C. in case of D. in favor of 14. Half of the class ________ most of the work, some of which ________ really difficult. A. have done; is B. has done; are C. has done; is D. have done; are 15. Now that _________energy, such as sunlight, wind and water, is friendly to the environment, we should fully employ it. A. effective B. alternative C. sensitive D. creative 第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16~35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 The Sweetest Thing When I was ten, I was crazy about candy. Whenever in our small-town ___16___ with my mom, I would run my fingers through my favorite candy on the shelf. Once there, thinking about all things sweet, I noticed a man a few feet away pushing buttons on the ATM machine. Dressed in a suit, he seemed to be late for something, ___17___ waiting for his cash to appear. The machine made a noise, and he immediately ___18___ a pile of bills and headed out. Curiously, I walked over to the ATM, where I started pressing the buttons as if knowing the ___19___.Then I looked into the bottom of the machine. There I saw it: a beautiful, crisp $20 bill! ___20___ I wanted to believe my magic made the cash appear, I knew the man in the suit must have left it behind. I held the money in my hand, staring at the number “20” and feeling ___21___ than I ever had. I thought about slipping the money into my pocket. No one would know, but it didn’t feel ___22___. I knew it didn’t belong to me. I had to find its owner and give it back! So I told my mom what had happened. “We’ll look for him.” she said kindly. We rushed out and found him stepping into his car in the parking lot! We ___23___ him and asked whether he had left money at the cash machine. “Let me ___24___,” he said, pulling out his wallet and bills. “Twenty, forty, eighty… Oh! You’ re right,” he said with surprise, “I’m ____25____ a $20 bill.” “Here you go,” I said, smiling with pride, as if I was a(n) ____26____ who had solved a mystery. “Thank you so much,” he said, bending down and shaking my hand. My heart ____27____. Before saying goodbye, he asked my mom for my name and ____28____. “I want to send your daughter a thank-you card,” he said. On my way home, my ____29____ was racing. Twenty dollars. What could I have done with it? I bet I could have bought a puppy or every single candy bar in town! But now ____30____ of that would happen. Yet I knew I had done the right thing. A few weeks later, I got a box with a note. I ripped it open to find packages of candy. “Dear Felice, Thank you very much for ____31____ my $20. You are a great girl, and I appreciate ____32____. I hope you enjoy this candy. Best Wishes, Tom.” Tom included his business card. It turned out he was vice-president for the candy company. The candy tasted sweet, each ____33____ reminding me that what I had done mattered. Although my honesty wouldn’t always be ____34____ with candy, it would make a difference to someone. And that was the ____35____ part of all. 16. A. school B. church C. store D. bank 17. A. intently B. excitedly C. sincerely D. anxiously 18. A. covered B. seized C. fortified D. insisted 19. A. machine B. assistant C. man D. password 20. A. Though B. Since C. Once D. Until 21. A. smarter B. stronger C. prettier D. richer 22. A. right B. decent C. modest D. violent 23. A. caught B. approached C. guided D. searched 24. A. try B. polish C. check D. reckon 25. A. sparing B. seeking C. missing D. converting 26. A. engineer B. detective C. manager D. designer 27. A. hurt B. sank C. swelled D. resigned 28. A. address B. anniversary C. accent D. birthday 29. A. car B. memory C. charm D. mind 30. A. both B. none C. some D. either 31. A. returning B. remembering C. keeping D. lending 32. A. loyalty B. devotion C. honesty D. bravery 33. A. dollar B. bite C. product D. alternative 34. A. evaluated B. faded C. frowned D. rewarded 35. A. sweetest B. hardest C. freshest D. heaviest 第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Side hustles (副业) for college students deliver spending money while still offering the flexibility that a full class schedule requires. Take class notes Three sites —StudySoup, NexusNotes, and Stuvia— offer attractive pay for uploading and selling class notes to other students at your university. You usually get a bonus when someone signs up to get access to your notes, plus a payment for each set of notes that sell. You can earn $250 to $500 per class, per semester. Become a tutor Many younger students have fallen behind academically as they struggled with distance learning. That opens an opportunity for those who have mastered a subject, from high school algebra to Spanish, to teach that subject to others. A number of tutoring platforms allow you to sign up and tutor online or in person. Some of the best: Wyzant, Varsity Tutors, and, for those who want to teach music, LessonFace. Be a survey taker The best option in this category is a site called Prolific. What makes this site better than most is that it asks you to answer qualifying questions—age, income, family status, etc.—in advance. Then, the site sends you only the surveys that you’re qualified to take. Charge scooters Big campuses are often littered with electric scooters (小型摩托车) and bikes that can be unlocked and ridden around campus. Riders can drop the scooters just about anywhere. So scooter companies enlist (征募) “chargers” to pick them up, charge them overnight and return them to a designated (指定的) area early the next morning. If you have a late class, there are two benefits of signing up to charge. First, you earn between $5 and $20 for each scooter you return fully charged. You also get to ride the scooters home for free, which isn’t a bad way to get back to your dorm. 36. Which site allows one to get paid by uploading their class notes? A. Prolific. B. LessonFace. C. Wyzant. D. StudySoup. 37. Which one best suits students who are excellent in music? A. Taking class notes. B. Becoming a tutor. C. Being a survey taker. D. Charging scooters. 38. What can be inferred about Prolific? A. It offers the highest pay. B. It only chooses students with good grades. C. It helps researchers find suitable survey participants. D. It requires participants to sign up in advance. 39. What may make charging scooters attractive? A. It pays riders for charging scooters. B. It provides the most benefits for students. C. It offers a means of free transportation. D. It helps solve the litter problem on campus. 40. The passage mainly introduces ______. A. methods to do better in school B. job options for college students C. after-class activities for students D. ways to meet a full class schedule B My great grandmother received the dollhouse (玩具小屋) from a family friend back in the late 1800s. It was then passed down from generation to generation. I was seven when I discovered it underneath the tree on Christmas morning. In our house, Mom set up a sewing area. I sat at her sewing machine, my feet barely reaching the presser foot. Mom bent over me, her hands on mine, gently guiding small bits of cloth under the needle to create dollhouse bedding. She also taught me to make mini-blankets. With a little paint and glue, Mom demonstrated that anything could be turned into dollhouse furniture. I learnt to view the world as a place of possibility. I spent hours of my girlhood sitting before my dollhouse, telling made-up stories, and creating miniatures (缩微模型). But eventually school activities took over, and the dollhouse was moved to the attic (阁楼). Over the next 40 years, the storytelling skills I’d practiced with the dollhouse grew into novel writing skills, and I developed a career as an author. One day, after hours of working on my fourth book, I took a break by surfing the Internet and happened to notice the beautiful dollhouses people posted on social media. They reminded me of mine. I went to the attic, brought it back to my room and started updating it. During the mindless hours of sewing and furnishing (布置家具), I listened to audiobooks about the history of dollhouses, learning that they were not invented for play. There’s a long, rich history of people in hardship turning to dollhouses to find comfort. They weren’t produced as toys until mass production became standard after 1945. This inspired me to create a novel where art saves the day. The truth was I myself needed art to save the day. Mom was then slipping away from me owing to progressive memory loss. The only topic we could discuss with any genuine joy was the update of the dollhouse. She loved retelling its history — those old memories. Mom didn’t find it strange at all that her 50-year-old daughter was updating the dollhouse. She just thought it fun and beautiful. And it was. It was a world where Mom and I were at our best together. 41. What did the author’s mother teach her to do? A. To sew and create miniatures. B. To add imaginary figures to the dollhouse. C. To make up fairy tales set in the dollhouse. D. To do oil paintings and glue them onto the little walls. 42. Why did the author decide to update the dollhouse decades later? A. She intended to follow the trend on social media. B. She was eager to start a new career as a toy designer. C. She felt the urge to compete with other dollhouse makers. D. She was inspired by people sharing their dollhouses online. 43. What did the author learn about dollhouses from the audiobooks? A. They were initially created for play. B. People once sought comfort in them. C. Rich people sold them for money during difficult times. D. A uniform standard for their production was set in 1945. 44. What role did the dollhouse play in strengthening the emotional ties between the author and her aging mother? A. A reminder of their childhood dreams. B. A mirror of the eventful family history. C. A tool to bring back good old memories. D. A means to improve her mother’s memory. 45. What would be the best title for the passage? A. The Dollhouse: A Lifelong Toy B. Growing up with the Dollhouse C. The Dollhouse: More Than Just a Toy D. Dollhouse Making and Novel Writing C All animals take in oxygen from the air they breathe in, and release CO₂ from their blood when breathing out. Most mammals (哺乳动物) can’t directly detect oxygen levels in the blood supplied to their tissues. Instead, they rely on the rising level of CO₂ in their blood to signal that they might need to take a breath. But a recent study published in Science suggests seals (海豹) can sense the amount of oxygen in the blood, and change their diving behavior in response. To find out if oxygen levels affected seal behavior, Professor McKnight at the University of St. Andrews and his colleagues created a special section in a pool where young seals were held. In one corner, there was a breathing chamber (呼吸室), where they were sheltered from the rain and the wind. The breathing chamber was surrounded by panels that prevented surface swimming, yet swimming below the surface for about 200 feet would give the seals access to a feeder where they could eat as much fish as they liked. Once the seals got familiar with the setup, the researchers started to gradually change the composition of the air in the breathing chamber, increasing or reducing the levels of oxygen and CO₂ to see an effect on their behavior. Sure enough: the higher the level of oxygen, the longer the seals stayed at the feeder. The finding suggests that seals don’t just physically respond to oxygen levels by changing their heart rate or breathing, but that they are sufficiently aware of them to change their behavior. This ability would put seals in a class beyond any land mammals that have been tested. Since oxygen levels on land remain stable, humans don’t seem to have evolved (演化) to notice low blood oxygen levels, sometimes not even when they’re about to pass out in free-diving. Therefore, in free-diving without oxygen tanks, accidents are quite common. Our reliance on sensing CO₂ levels in our blood instead of oxygen may be to blame. Actually, this is a perfectly reasonable strategy on land, where growing CO₂ tends to signal breathing issues. But when holding our breath during diving, relying on CO₂ levels is risky, especially on repeated dives. Because every time we surface and breathe in, our sensitivity to CO₂ is decreased, even if its levels are already high, and this increases the chance that a person will, without awareness, pass out before they get to the surface. 46. What do most mammals rely on to determine when to take a breath? A. The growing amount of CO₂ in their blood. B. The rising level of oxygen in their lungs. C. The intensity of their physical activity. D. The blood supply to body tissues. 47. When would the seals stay at the feeder for a longer period of time? A. When they needed to take in more food at the feeder. B. When the oxygen level in the chamber grew higher. C. When they familiarized themselves with the setup. D. When the CO₂ level in the chamber was raised. 48. What results in humans’ inability to notice low oxygen levels in their blood? A. The unstable CO₂ levels in the air. B. Their lack of attention to breathing. C. The constant oxygen levels on land. D. Their functionally changeable heart rate. 49. Why do accidents often occur when divers go free-diving? A. Their breath cannot be held long enough. B. They cannot adjust the consumption of oxygen. C. They may fail to notice rising CO₂ levels soon enough. D. Their breathing organs stop working properly underwater. 50. Which statement is probably supported by McKnight’s seal research? A. Seals have evolved to survive in low oxygen environments. B. Seals are quick to sense oxygen levels and act accordingly. C. Seals can maintain their heart rate even with low blood oxygen levels. D. Seals are more sensitive to changes in the environment than other mammals. D Science serves as a powerful tool for unlocking the mysteries of the universe, but understanding its limitations is essential for its effective application. There are occasions where I have used the handle of a knife as a hammer (锤子), but the result would have been better if I’d had a more suitable tool at hand. As far as science goes, it is really good at testing things that are testable, but not so for those that are not. We can do, and have done, an impressive amount with our brains. But there are limits. Sometimes these limits go away if we keep at it for long enough — we just need better facilities and experiments to get the answer. Breaking new ground in modern science this way can be costly. Next-generation supercomputers or incredibly large telescopes are expensive, yet these may be required to find answers to some of the unsolved mysteries of the universe. Sometimes the limits we encounter in trying to unlock the nature of the universe are cognitive (认知的). Think about this: human DNA is only about 1.2 percent different from that of chimps (黑猩猩). Chimps are smart, no question. But could you teach them advanced mathematics? What if our DNA were another 1.2 percent further evolved than it is? What might our brains be capable of then? The level of abstract thinking might be unimaginable. Sometimes the limits we hit are fundamental. There are laws of nature we may never be able to understand, however advanced our brains might become. There are experiments we might never be able to perform. We may never be able to test what caused the universe to be created, and what caused the cause of the universe being created. This is where science may never break through. For something to be considered scientific, it must, by definition, be testable. There is a problem here: it may not need to be testable right now, but it must be testable at some point in the future by experiment. If an idea is untestable, that doesn’t mean it is wrong. It means it is untestable for now. These untestable ideas also happen to be some of the most interesting ones, probably because they’ve puzzled humanity for centuries. 51. Why does the author mention “knife” and “hammer” in Paragraph 1? A. To demonstrate how tools can be used creatively. B. To highlight consequences of using a wrong tool. C. To show the necessity of keeping a handy tool within reach. D. To stress the need for the right tool to achieve desired results. 52. What is often required in breaking new ground in science? A. Broader science education. B. More advanced facilities for experiments. C. Deeper understanding of the brain power. D. More investment in next-generation scientists. 53. How does the author assess human beings in terms of their cognitive capacity? A. They are just 2.4% away from true abstract thinking. B. They are slightly smarter than other intelligent beings. C. They are yet to evolve further to learn more about the universe. D. They are good at solving problems with advanced mathematics. 54. What message does Paragraph 4 convey? A. Some puzzles about the universe are way beyond scientific exploration. B. Experimental research lays solid foundations for space technology. C. Boundaries of science can be pushed back with determined efforts. D. Limitations of science may result from insufficient testing. 55. What has the author added to the definition of a scientific idea? A. Correct ideas are testable. B. Untestable ideas can be true. C. Some scientific ideas may never be testable. D. An idea must be testable to be seen as correct. 第Ⅱ卷（非选择题 共35分） 第一节 阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面的短文，并根据短文内容回答后面的问题。 When my father was celebrating a milestone (里程碑), birthday, I pulled together a surprised gift that he would never forget. On his 60th birthday, I had a fun idea: What if I could get the memories people had of him, put each one into an envelope (信封) — 60 in total — and have him open them, one by one, on his birthday? So I wrote an e-mail to family and friends, explaining my idea. I sent the e-mail and waited. And then the replies started coming in and I was very, very astonished. There were so many memories, and they were all so lovely. They came from the ’50s, ’60s, ’70s, from every decade (十年) between now and the day my dad was born. They came from my mother, my siblings, my grandma, my dad’s friends from high school, his sister, my dad’s first boss, a colleague at his first job, from people who hadn’t seen my dad in 40 years, from people I myself hadn’t even informed. They typed them and hand-wrote them. They mailed them and e-mailed them. The night before Dad’s birthday, my sister and I stayed up late, putting the mails into envelopes. The next morning, after breakfast and presents and cake, we gave the pile of envelopes to him. “Just one more thing for you,” we said. It took him along time to open them and read. Each one was a brief ticket to another time, a leap (跳跃) backward over years and decades. There was a lot of laughter and a few tears in his face. I was kind of sad when the project of the memories about my father was over because it was, great fun to collect these memories. 56. When did the author give her father a surprised gift?（no more than 5 words） ________________________________________________________________ 57. What does the underlined word “astonished” in paragraph 3 probably mean?（no more than 10 words） ________________________________________________________________ 58. Why did the author and her sister stay up late the night before their father’s birthday?（no more than 10 words） ________________________________________________________________ 59. How did the author’s father most probably feel when he read the mails?（no more than 2 words） ________________________________________________________________ 60. What gifts will you choose for your parents? Why?（no more than 20 words） ________________________________________________________________ 第二节：书面表达（满分25分） 61. 假设你是李津，最近你收到英国笔友Peter的来信，想就“How to live with pressure”的话题和你交流，询问你能否就解决学习和生活中一些问题谈谈自己的体验和感想。请根据此话题及以下提示写一封回信。 ①过去遇到问题时的表现(如心理压力、情绪紧张、心情低落等)。 ②介绍你解决压力问题的做法。 ③表达你的希望。 注意：1.词数不少于100，开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。 2.必须包含提示内容。 3.可适当加入细节,以使内容充实、行文连贯。 Dear Peter, Glad to hear from you, I'd like to write about how to live with pressure. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best wishes. Yours, Li Jin. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 德远高中2025-2026学年度高三第一学期期中考试卷 高三（英语）学科 第Ⅰ卷（选择题 共115分） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分20分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.15. C. £9.18. 答案为B。 1. How old is the man now? A. 68 B. 65 C. 62 2. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Get a new letter. B. Use the old letter. C. Write the letter himself. 3. What are the speakers talking about? A. The lunch. B. The menu. C. The school website. 4 Which dish did the man cook in the competition? A. Meat. B. Vegetables. C. Fish. 5. How did the woman hear about the wedding? A. Bettina phoned her. B. Bettina visited her. C. Bettina wrote to her. 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8三个小题。 6. What is the most probable relationship between the speakers? A. Manager and clerk. B. Teacher and student. C. Doctor and patient. 7. Why was the woman late yesterday? A. The bus she took broke down. B. The alarm clock didn’t go off. C. She was caught in a traffic jam. 8. How late was the woman this time? A. Fifteen minutes. B. Thirty minutes. C. Forty-five minutes. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11三个小题。 9. What are the speakers planning for? A. A family reunion. B. Christmas decoration. C. Festival shopping. 10. Where is Rita coming from? A. Illinois. B. Alabama. C. California. 11. Who is in the service now? A. Robert. B. Larry. C. Tom. 听下面一段独白，回答第12至第15四个小题。 12. In which year did Radio Caroline close down? A. In 1960. B. In 1964. C. In 1968. 13. What can visitors do at the exhibition? A. Meet several DJs of Radio Caroline. B. Get records by The Beatles. C. See some letters from music fans. 14. Why is the exhibition unusual? A. It’s free of charge. B. It’s held on the radio ship itself. C. It’s opened to only The Beatles’ fans. 15. When did the exhibition begin? A. In April. B. In May. C. In June. 第二部分：英语知识应用 第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. —What about watching a ballet show this evening? —Thanks for inviting me, but ballet isn’t really ______. A. the apple of my eye B. my feet of clay C. my cup of tea D. the salt of the earth 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查固定用法。A. the apple of my eyes我的掌上明珠； B. my feet of clay我致命的弱点； C. my cup of tea不是我喜欢的； D. the salt of the earth社会中坚。句意：—今晚去看芭蕾舞表演怎么样?—谢谢你邀请我，但我不太喜欢跳芭蕾舞。结合句意可知答案为C。 2. To realize his dream, a man has no ________ but to spare no effort to fight. A. alternative B. assumption C. approval D. agreement 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了实现自己的梦想，一个人别无选择，只能全力以赴地奋斗。A.alternative 选择；B.assumption假定； C.approval赞同； D.agreement同意。根据句意可知，是没有选择，只能拼搏，因此用alternative，have no alternative but to do sth.是固定表达，意为“别无选择只能做某事”。故选A。 3. ________with two job offers, for instance, we may wonder exactly what it is we’re choosing between. A. Having presented B. Presented C. To present D. Presenting 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：举个例子，面对两份工作，我们可能想知道我们到底在什么之间选择。句中已有谓语动词wonder，所以此处为非谓语作状语，present与主语we之间为动宾关系，应用过去分词表被动。故选B。 4. A simple restaurant was ________ he usually had the same meal of sausages, eggs and coffee. A. how B. that C. what D. where 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查名词性从句引导词。句意：一家简单的餐馆是他通常吃香肠、鸡蛋和咖啡的地方。根据前文地点名词restaurant可知，此处应用连接副词where引导表语从句，在从句中作地点状语。故选D项。 5. Our father _______ sit in the yard every evening and share his childhood stories with us when we were little kids. A. might B. would C. should D. could 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：当我们还是小孩子的时候，父亲每天晚上都会坐在院子里，和我们分享他童年时的故事。would常常表示过去的某个时间段经常做的事情。根据句意可知，此处应用would。故选B。 6. _______ WeChat has changed our life, not all of its effects have been positive. A. Since B. While C. Unless D. As 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：虽然微信改变了我们的生活，但并非所有的影响都是积极的。A. Since自从，既然；B. While尽管；C. Unless除非；D. As当……时候，因为，尽管。分析句子结构及句意可知，此处为让步状语从句，while意为“尽管”符合句意，as也可以引导让步状语从句，但是该从句必须倒装，所以在此题目中只能使用while。故选B项。 7. Many awful facts have shown that it is totally wrong to environmental protection when we develop economy. A. adjust B. ignore C. advocate D. improve 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：许多可怕的事实表明，当我们发展经济时忽视环境保护是完全错误的。A. adjust调整；B. ignore忽视；C. advocate提倡，主张；D. improve提高。故B项符合题意。 8. In the past few years, WeChat as well as telephones ________ an important part in our daily communication. A. has played B. have played C. is playing D. play 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去几年里，微信和电话在我们的日常交流中发挥了重要作用。空处作句子的谓语，结合“In the past few years”可知，时态应用现在完成时，表示过去的动作持续到现在，as well as连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式与第一个主语WeChat保持一致，因此助动词使用has。故选A。 9. —You seem to be very upset this afternoon. —________. I should not have said so much about Jack’s family. A. Never say never B. Pull your weight C. Loose lips sink ships D. Hold your horses 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：—你今天下午似乎很沮丧。—祸从口出。我不应该对杰克的家人说那么多。A. Never say never永不言弃；B. Pull your weight全力以赴；C. Loose lips sink ships祸从口出；D. Hold your horses慢慢来。根据后文“I should not have said so much about Jack’s family.”可知，作者觉得不应该对杰克的家人说那么多，所以是祸从口出。故选C项。 10. When ________to compare the education system of China and Britain, the professor gave no answer. A. ask B. asking C. asked D. to ask 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查时间状语从句的省略。句意：当被问及比较中国和英国的教育制度时，教授没有回答。分析句子可知，本句符合时间状语从句的省略情况，即主句主语与从句主语一致，均为the professor，且从句谓语动词含有be动词的时候，从句的主语和be动词可省略，所以此处其实完整从句为When (the professor was) asked to compare the education system of China and Britain，所以填asked，表示“被问到”。故选C项。 11. The authorities say nearly 3,000 people died as a result of Hurricane Maria, 46 times more than ______ thought. A. historically B. originally C. normally D. frequently 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当局说有近3000人死于飓风玛丽亚，比原先预计的要多46倍。A. historically历史上地；从历史观点上说；B. originally最初，起初；本来；C. normally正常地；通常地，一般地；D. frequently频繁地，经常地。根据前面“当局说有近3000人死于飓风玛丽亚” ，以及后面的“more than”可知，是“最初”预计的要多46倍。故选B。 12. A tour bus, ______ body huge flowers were painted, appeared in Tianjin during the Begonia Festival. A. of which B. across whose C. across which D. of whose 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：一辆车身画着巨大花朵的旅游巴士在海棠节期间出现在天津。空处引导定语从句。先行词为A tour bus，关系词在从句中作定语修饰body，表示 “巴士的车身”，作定语应用关系代词whose引导该从句。根据语境“花朵画在车身表面”可知，关系代词前面需要加介词across，表示 “横跨、在(身体某部位)上”，符合语境。故选B。 13. He always did well at school _____ having to do part–time jobs every now and then. A. in spite of B. instead of C. in case of D. in favor of 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：尽管他有时不得不做兼职，但他在学校的表现总是很好。A. in spite of尽管；B. instead of代替；C. in case of以防；D. in favor of支持。根据句意可知，空格处表示让步含义。故选A。 14. Half of the class ________ most of the work, some of which ________ really difficult. A. have done; is B. has done; are C. has done; is D. have done; are 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：班上有一半的人完成了大部分作业，其中有些作业真的很难。此句为主从复合句，第一空在主句中作谓语动词，表示到目前为止班上有一半的人完成了大部分作业，用现在完成时，主语Half of the class指的是全班的一半的人，谓语动词用复数，填have done；第二空在非限制性定语从句中作谓语动词，此句陈述事实，用一般现在时，从句主语some of which中的which指代先行词work，从句谓语动词用第三人称单数，填is。故选A。 15. Now that _________energy, such as sunlight, wind and water, is friendly to the environment, we should fully employ it. A. effective B. alternative C. sensitive D. creative 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：既然太阳能、风能和水等替代能源对环境友好，我们就应该充分利用它。A. effective有效的；B. alternative可替代的；C. sensitive敏感的；D. creative创造性。根据句中的such as sunlight, wind and water(比如太阳能、风能和水)可知此处表示的是可替代能源。故选B项。 第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16~35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 The Sweetest Thing When I was ten, I was crazy about candy. Whenever in our small-town ___16___ with my mom, I would run my fingers through my favorite candy on the shelf. Once there, thinking about all things sweet, I noticed a man a few feet away pushing buttons on the ATM machine. Dressed in a suit, he seemed to be late for something, ___17___ waiting for his cash to appear. The machine made a noise, and he immediately ___18___ a pile of bills and headed out. Curiously, I walked over to the ATM, where I started pressing the buttons as if knowing the ___19___.Then I looked into the bottom of the machine. There I saw it: a beautiful, crisp $20 bill! ___20___ I wanted to believe my magic made the cash appear, I knew the man in the suit must have left it behind. I held the money in my hand, staring at the number “20” and feeling ___21___ than I ever had. I thought about slipping the money into my pocket. No one would know, but it didn’t feel ___22___. I knew it didn’t belong to me. I had to find its owner and give it back! So I told my mom what had happened. “We’ll look for him.” she said kindly. We rushed out and found him stepping into his car in the parking lot! We ___23___ him and asked whether he had left money at the cash machine. “Let me ___24___,” he said, pulling out his wallet and bills. “Twenty, forty, eighty… Oh! You’ re right,” he said with surprise, “I’m ____25____ a $20 bill.” “Here you go,” I said, smiling with pride, as if I was a(n) ____26____ who had solved a mystery. “Thank you so much,” he said, bending down and shaking my hand. My heart ____27____. Before saying goodbye, he asked my mom for my name and ____28____. “I want to send your daughter a thank-you card,” he said. On my way home, my ____29____ was racing. Twenty dollars. What could I have done with it? I bet I could have bought a puppy or every single candy bar in town! But now ____30____ of that would happen. Yet I knew I had done the right thing. A few weeks later, I got a box with a note. I ripped it open to find packages of candy. “Dear Felice, Thank you very much for ____31____ my $20. You are a great girl, and I appreciate ____32____. I hope you enjoy this candy. Best Wishes, Tom.” Tom included his business card. It turned out he was vice-president for the candy company. The candy tasted sweet, each ____33____ reminding me that what I had done mattered. Although my honesty wouldn’t always be ____34____ with candy, it would make a difference to someone. And that was the ____35____ part of all. 16. A. school B. church C. store D. bank 17. A. intently B. excitedly C. sincerely D. anxiously 18. A. covered B. seized C. fortified D. insisted 19. A. machine B. assistant C. man D. password 20. A. Though B. Since C. Once D. Until 21. A. smarter B. stronger C. prettier D. richer 22. A. right B. decent C. modest D. violent 23. A. caught B. approached C. guided D. searched 24. A. try B. polish C. check D. reckon 25. A. sparing B. seeking C. missing D. converting 26. A. engineer B. detective C. manager D. designer 27. A. hurt B. sank C. swelled D. resigned 28. A. address B. anniversary C. accent D. birthday 29. A. car B. memory C. charm D. mind 30. A. both B. none C. some D. either 31. A. returning B. remembering C. keeping D. lending 32. A. loyalty B. devotion C. honesty D. bravery 33. A. dollar B. bite C. product D. alternative 34. A. evaluated B. faded C. frowned D. rewarded 35. A. sweetest B. hardest C. freshest D. heaviest 【答案】16. C 17. D 18. B 19. D 20. A 21. D 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. C 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了名叫Felice的小女孩偶然在提款机里发现别人落下的20美元钞票，在经过一番思想斗争后，最后把钱还给失主的故事，歌颂了小女孩诚实的品质。 【16题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每当我和妈妈在我们小镇上的商店里，我都会用手指去摸货架上我最喜欢的糖果。A. school学校；B. church教堂；C. store商店；D. bank银行。根据后文“my favorite candy on the shelf”可知，商店里才有糖果。故选C项。 【17题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他穿着西装，似乎要迟到了，焦急地等待着他的现金从取款机出现。A. intently专心地；B. excitedly激动地；C. sincerely真诚地；D. anxiously焦急地。根据前文“he seemed to be late for something”可知，他取钱的时候很着急。故选D项。 【18题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：机器发出一声响声，他立刻抓起一叠钞票走了出去。A. covered覆盖；B. seized抓住；C. fortified增强；D. insisted坚持。根据后文“a pile of bills”可知，他抓起钞票走了出去。故选B项。 【19题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我好奇地走到自动取款机前，开始按按钮，好像知道密码似的。A. machine机器；B. assistant助手；C. man男人；D. password密码。根据前文“pressing the buttons”可知，我出于好奇，开始按取款机的按钮，好像知道取款密码一样。故选D项。 【20题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然我想相信是我的魔法让现金出现了，但我知道一定是那个穿西装的人落下的。A. Though尽管；B. Since自从；C. Once一旦；D. Until直到。根据后文“I knew the man in the suit must have left it behind”可知，前后构成转折关系，前面是让步状语从句。故选A项。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我把钱拿在手里，盯着数字“20”，感觉比以前更富有了。A. smarter更聪明的；B. stronger更强壮的；C. prettier更美丽的；D. richer更富有的。根据前文“staring at the number “20””可知，这20美元的钞票使我感觉自己比之前更富有。故选D项。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没人会知道，但感觉不对。A. right正确的；B. decent正派的；C. modest谦虚的；D. violent暴力的。根据后文“I knew it didn’t belong to me”可知，虽然我把钱据为己有没人知道，但从内心里我知道这样做是不对的。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们走近他，问他是否把钱留在了提款机里。A. caught抓住；B. approached走近；C. guided指导；D. searched搜寻。根据后文“ asked”可知，我们走近他询问是否把钱落在了提款机里。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“让我查一下”他说着掏出钱包和钞票。A. try尝试；B. polish擦亮；C. check核查；D. reckon估算。根据后文“Twenty, forty, eighty…”可知，他开始核查钱数。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我丢了一张20美元的钞票。A. sparing抽出；B. seeking寻找；C. missing丢失；D. converting转变。根据后文“a $20 bill”可知，他的钱少了20美元。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“给你，”我说，骄傲地微笑着，好像我是一个破获了一个谜团的侦探。A. engineer工程师；B. detective侦探；C. manager经理；D. designer设计师。根据后文“who had solved a mystery”可知，我仿佛是一个破解谜题的侦探。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我内心满是喜悦和自豪。A. hurt伤害；B. sank下沉；C. swelled情绪高涨、充满；D. resigned辞职。根据前文“smiling with pride”和“Thank you so much”可知，物归原主获得了主人的感谢，我内心充满了自豪和喜悦。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在告别之前，他向妈妈要了我的名字和地址。A. address地址；B. anniversary纪念日；C. accent口音；D. birthday生日。根据后文“I want to send your daughter a thank-you card”可知，他要了我的地址想给我寄送感谢卡。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在回家的路上，我的脑子飞快地转着。A. car汽车；B. memory记忆；C. charm魅力；D. mind头脑，思想。根据后文“What could I have done with it? I bet I could have bought a puppy or every single candy bar in town!”可知，在回家的路上，我的脑海里还在想着这件事。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查代词词义辨析。句意：但现在这一切都不会发生了。A. both两者都；B. none一个没有；C. some一些；D. either两者中任意一个。根据前文“I bet I could have bought a puppy or every single candy bar in town!”可知，我设想了用20美元能够做的事情，但现在钱已归还，所有的事情都实现不了了。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：亲爱的Felice，非常感谢你归还我的20美元。A. returning归还；B. remembering记住；C. keeping保持；D. lending借出。根据前文“Here you go”可知，我把钱还给了失主。故选A项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你是个好女孩，我欣赏你的诚实。A. loyalty忠诚；B. devotion奉献；C. honesty诚实；D. bravery勇敢。根据前文“Here you go”及后文“my honesty”可知，我并没有把钱据为己有，而是归还主人，这是一种诚实的品质。故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：糖果尝起来很甜，每咬一口都提醒我，我所做的一切都是有意义的。A. dollar美元；B. bite食物的一口；C. product产品；D. alternative替代品。根据前文“The candy tasted sweet”可知，我吃着甜甜的糖果，每一口都在提醒我做的有意义的事情。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我的诚实并不总是会得到糖果的奖励，但它会对别人产生影响。A. evaluated评价；B. faded褪色；C. frowned皱眉；D. rewarded奖励。根据后文“with candy”可知，我诚实的行为并不能总是得到糖果的奖励。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是最甜蜜的部分。A. sweetest最甜的；B. hardest最困难的；C. freshest最新鲜的；D. heaviest最重的。根据前文“Although my honesty wouldn’t always be __19___with candy, it would make a difference to someone.”可知，虽然我诚实的行为并不能总是得到糖果的奖励，但我的行为会对他人产生影响，这才是最美妙的，照应题目“The Sweetest Thing”。故选A项。 第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Side hustles (副业) for college students deliver spending money while still offering the flexibility that a full class schedule requires. Take class notes Three sites —StudySoup, NexusNotes, and Stuvia— offer attractive pay for uploading and selling class notes to other students at your university. You usually get a bonus when someone signs up to get access to your notes, plus a payment for each set of notes that sell. You can earn $250 to $500 per class, per semester. Become a tutor Many younger students have fallen behind academically as they struggled with distance learning. That opens an opportunity for those who have mastered a subject, from high school algebra to Spanish, to teach that subject to others. A number of tutoring platforms allow you to sign up and tutor online or in person. Some of the best: Wyzant, Varsity Tutors, and, for those who want to teach music, LessonFace. Be a survey taker The best option in this category is a site called Prolific. What makes this site better than most is that it asks you to answer qualifying questions—age, income, family status, etc.—in advance. Then, the site sends you only the surveys that you’re qualified to take. Charge scooters Big campuses are often littered with electric scooters (小型摩托车) and bikes that can be unlocked and ridden around campus. Riders can drop the scooters just about anywhere. So scooter companies enlist (征募) “chargers” to pick them up, charge them overnight and return them to a designated (指定的) area early the next morning. If you have a late class, there are two benefits of signing up to charge. First, you earn between $5 and $20 for each scooter you return fully charged. You also get to ride the scooters home for free, which isn’t a bad way to get back to your dorm. 36. Which site allows one to get paid by uploading their class notes? A. Prolific. B. LessonFace. C. Wyzant. D. StudySoup. 37. Which one best suits students who are excellent in music? A. Taking class notes. B. Becoming a tutor. C. Being a survey taker. D. Charging scooters. 38. What can be inferred about Prolific? A. It offers the highest pay. B. It only chooses students with good grades. C. It helps researchers find suitable survey participants. D. It requires participants to sign up in advance. 39. What may make charging scooters attractive? A. It pays riders for charging scooters. B. It provides the most benefits for students. C. It offers a means of free transportation. D. It helps solve the litter problem on campus. 40. The passage mainly introduces ______. A. methods to do better in school B. job options for college students C. after-class activities for students D. ways to meet a full class schedule 【答案】36. D 37. B 38. C 39. A 40. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四份适合大学生的兼职工作。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据Take class notes部分“Three sites — StudySoup, NexusNotes and Stuvia — offer attractive pay for uploading and selling class notes to other students at your university. (StudySoup、NexusNotes和Stuvia这三个网站为上传课堂笔记和向大学其他学生出售课堂笔记提供了诱人的报酬。)”可知，StudySoup允许通过上传课堂笔记来获得报酬。故选D项。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据Become a tutor部分“Some of the best: Wyzant, Varsity Tutors, and, for those who want to teach music, LessonFace. (其中一些最好的平台包括：Wyzant、Varsity Tutors，以及对于想要教授音乐的人来说，还有LessonFace。)”可知，对于擅长音乐的学生来说，成为音乐导师是最合适的。故选B项。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据Be a survey taker部分“What makes this site better than most is that it asks you to answer qualifying questions—age, income, family status, etc.—in advance. Then, the site sends you only the surveys that you’re qualified to take. (这个网站比大多数网站好的地方在于，它会提前要求你回答一些资格问题，比如年龄、收入、家庭状况等。之后，该网站只会向你发送你有资格参与的调查。)”可知，Prolific网站通过提前让参与者回答资格问题，然后只发送他们符合条件的调查问卷，这有助于研究者找到合适的调查参与者。故选C项。 【39题详解】 推理判断题。根据Charge scooters部分“If you have a late class, there are two benefits of signing up to charge. First, you earn between $5 and $20 for each scooter you return fully charged. You also get to ride the scooters home for free, which isn’t a bad way to get back to your dorm. (如果你有晚课，报名参与充电有两个好处。首先，每辆完全充满电归还的小型摩托车，你可以赚取5至20美元。此外，你还可以免费骑摩托车回家，这是回到宿舍的一个不错的方式。)”可知，Charge scooters吸引人的地方是它会给为小型摩托车充电的骑车人付钱。故选A项。 【40题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文内容及第一段“Side hustles (副业) for college students deliver spending money while still offering the flexibility that a full class schedule requires. (适合大学生的兼职既能得到零用钱，又能保证完整课程表所要求的灵活性。)”可知，本文主要介绍了四份适合大学生的兼职，故最合适的主题是B选项“适合大学生的工作选择”。故选B项。 B My great grandmother received the dollhouse (玩具小屋) from a family friend back in the late 1800s. It was then passed down from generation to generation. I was seven when I discovered it underneath the tree on Christmas morning. In our house, Mom set up a sewing area. I sat at her sewing machine, my feet barely reaching the presser foot. Mom bent over me, her hands on mine, gently guiding small bits of cloth under the needle to create dollhouse bedding. She also taught me to make mini-blankets. With a little paint and glue, Mom demonstrated that anything could be turned into dollhouse furniture. I learnt to view the world as a place of possibility. I spent hours of my girlhood sitting before my dollhouse, telling made-up stories, and creating miniatures (缩微模型). But eventually school activities took over, and the dollhouse was moved to the attic (阁楼). Over the next 40 years, the storytelling skills I’d practiced with the dollhouse grew into novel writing skills, and I developed a career as an author. One day, after hours of working on my fourth book, I took a break by surfing the Internet and happened to notice the beautiful dollhouses people posted on social media. They reminded me of mine. I went to the attic, brought it back to my room and started updating it. During the mindless hours of sewing and furnishing (布置家具), I listened to audiobooks about the history of dollhouses, learning that they were not invented for play. There’s a long, rich history of people in hardship turning to dollhouses to find comfort. They weren’t produced as toys until mass production became standard after 1945. This inspired me to create a novel where art saves the day. The truth was I myself needed art to save the day. Mom was then slipping away from me owing to progressive memory loss. The only topic we could discuss with any genuine joy was the update of the dollhouse. She loved retelling its history — those old memories. Mom didn’t find it strange at all that her 50-year-old daughter was updating the dollhouse. She just thought it fun and beautiful. And it was. It was a world where Mom and I were at our best together. 41. What did the author’s mother teach her to do? A. To sew and create miniatures. B. To add imaginary figures to the dollhouse. C. To make up fairy tales set in the dollhouse. D. To do oil paintings and glue them onto the little walls. 42. Why did the author decide to update the dollhouse decades later? A. She intended to follow the trend on social media. B. She was eager to start a new career as a toy designer. C. She felt the urge to compete with other dollhouse makers. D. She was inspired by people sharing their dollhouses online. 43. What did the author learn about dollhouses from the audiobooks? A. They were initially created for play. B. People once sought comfort in them. C. Rich people sold them for money during difficult times. D. A uniform standard for their production was set in 1945. 44. What role did the dollhouse play in strengthening the emotional ties between the author and her aging mother? A. A reminder of their childhood dreams. B. A mirror of the eventful family history. C. A tool to bring back good old memories. D. A means to improve her mother’s memory. 45. What would be the best title for the passage? A. The Dollhouse: A Lifelong Toy B. Growing up with the Dollhouse C. The Dollhouse: More Than Just a Toy D. Dollhouse Making and Novel Writing 【答案】41. A 42. D 43. B 44. C 45. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者与玩具小屋之间的故事，包括其来源、作者小时候与母亲一起制作玩具小屋内的物品、长大后因玩具小屋而走上写作道路，以及多年后因母亲记忆力衰退而重新更新玩具小屋，并在此过程中与母亲共度美好时光的经历。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Mom bent over me, her hands on mine, gently guiding small bits of cloth under the needle to create dollhouse bedding. She also taught me to make mini-blankets. With a little paint and glue, Mom demonstrated that anything could be turned into dollhouse furniture. (妈妈俯身在我身上，双手放在我的手上，轻轻地把小块布料引到针下，做成玩具小屋的床上用品。她还教我制作迷你毯子。妈妈用一点颜料和胶水向我展示，任何东西都可以变成玩具小屋的家具。)”可知，作者的妈妈教她缝纫和制作微型物品。故选A项。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“One day, after hours of working on my fourth book, I took a break by surfing the Internet and happened to notice the beautiful dollhouses people posted on social media. They reminded me of mine. I went to the attic, brought it back to my room and started updating it. (一天，在写了四个小时的第四本书后，我上网休息了一下，碰巧注意到人们在社交媒体上发布的漂亮的玩具小屋。它们让我想起了我的玩具小屋。我去了阁楼，把它带回我的房间，开始更新它。)”可知，作者决定更新玩具小屋是因为她在网上看到人们分享他们的玩具小屋，这让她想起了自己的玩具小屋。故选D项。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“During the mindless hours of sewing and furnishing (布置家具), I listened to audiobooks about the history of dollhouses, learning that they were not invented for play. There’s a long, rich history of people in hardship turning to dollhouses to find comfort. (在无意识地缝纫和布置家具的几个小时里，我听了一些关于玩具小屋历史的有声书，了解到它们并不是为了玩而发明的。人们在困境中求助于玩具小屋以寻求安慰，有着悠久而丰富的历史。)”可知，作者从有声书中了解到人们曾经在玩具小屋中寻求安慰。故选B项。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The truth was I myself needed art to save the day. Mom was then slipping away from me owing to progressive memory loss. The only topic we could discuss with any genuine joy was the update of the dollhouse. She loved retelling its history — those old memories. (事实是我自己也需要艺术来拯救这一天。当时，由于记忆力逐渐衰退，妈妈正从我身边溜走。我们唯一能真正愉快地讨论的话题就是玩具小屋的更新。她喜欢重述它的历史——那些古老的记忆。)”可知，玩具小屋是作者和母亲一起回忆美好旧时光的工具，在母亲记忆力衰退的情况下，它成为了加强她们之间情感联系的纽带。故选C项。 【45题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，根据最后一段中“The truth was I myself needed art to save the day. Mom was then slipping away from me owing to progressive memory loss. The only topic we could discuss with any genuine joy was the update of the dollhouse. She loved retelling its history — those old memories. (事实是我自己也需要艺术来拯救这一天。当时，由于记忆力逐渐衰退，妈妈正从我身边溜走。我们唯一能真正愉快地讨论的话题就是玩具小屋的更新。她喜欢重述它的历史——那些古老的记忆。)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者与玩具小屋之间的故事，玩具小屋不仅仅是玩具，它承载了作者和母亲的美好回忆和情感，C项“The Dollhouse: More Than Just a Toy (玩具小屋：不仅仅是一个玩具)”概括文章主旨，适合作为标题。故选C项。 C All animals take in oxygen from the air they breathe in, and release CO₂ from their blood when breathing out. Most mammals (哺乳动物) can’t directly detect oxygen levels in the blood supplied to their tissues. Instead, they rely on the rising level of CO₂ in their blood to signal that they might need to take a breath. But a recent study published in Science suggests seals (海豹) can sense the amount of oxygen in the blood, and change their diving behavior in response. To find out if oxygen levels affected seal behavior, Professor McKnight at the University of St. Andrews and his colleagues created a special section in a pool where young seals were held. In one corner, there was a breathing chamber (呼吸室), where they were sheltered from the rain and the wind. The breathing chamber was surrounded by panels that prevented surface swimming, yet swimming below the surface for about 200 feet would give the seals access to a feeder where they could eat as much fish as they liked. Once the seals got familiar with the setup, the researchers started to gradually change the composition of the air in the breathing chamber, increasing or reducing the levels of oxygen and CO₂ to see an effect on their behavior. Sure enough: the higher the level of oxygen, the longer the seals stayed at the feeder. The finding suggests that seals don’t just physically respond to oxygen levels by changing their heart rate or breathing, but that they are sufficiently aware of them to change their behavior. This ability would put seals in a class beyond any land mammals that have been tested. Since oxygen levels on land remain stable, humans don’t seem to have evolved (演化) to notice low blood oxygen levels, sometimes not even when they’re about to pass out in free-diving. Therefore, in free-diving without oxygen tanks, accidents are quite common. Our reliance on sensing CO₂ levels in our blood instead of oxygen may be to blame. Actually, this is a perfectly reasonable strategy on land, where growing CO₂ tends to signal breathing issues. But when holding our breath during diving, relying on CO₂ levels is risky, especially on repeated dives. Because every time we surface and breathe in, our sensitivity to CO₂ is decreased, even if its levels are already high, and this increases the chance that a person will, without awareness, pass out before they get to the surface. 46. What do most mammals rely on to determine when to take a breath? A. The growing amount of CO₂ in their blood. B. The rising level of oxygen in their lungs. C. The intensity of their physical activity. D. The blood supply to body tissues. 47. When would the seals stay at the feeder for a longer period of time? A. When they needed to take in more food at the feeder. B. When the oxygen level in the chamber grew higher. C. When they familiarized themselves with the setup. D. When the CO₂ level in the chamber was raised. 48. What results in humans’ inability to notice low oxygen levels in their blood? A. The unstable CO₂ levels in the air. B. Their lack of attention to breathing. C. The constant oxygen levels on land. D. Their functionally changeable heart rate. 49. Why do accidents often occur when divers go free-diving? A. Their breath cannot be held long enough. B. They cannot adjust the consumption of oxygen. C. They may fail to notice rising CO₂ levels soon enough. D. Their breathing organs stop working properly underwater. 50. Which statement is probably supported by McKnight’s seal research? A. Seals have evolved to survive in low oxygen environments. B. Seals are quick to sense oxygen levels and act accordingly. C. Seals can maintain their heart rate even with low blood oxygen levels. D. Seals are more sensitive to changes in the environment than other mammals. 【答案】46. A 47. B 48. C 49. C 50. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了海豹能感知血液中氧气量并据此改变潜水行为，人类则因陆地氧气稳定未演化出此能力。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Most mammals (哺乳动物) can’t directly detect oxygen levels in the blood supplied to their tissues. Instead, they rely on the rising level of CO₂ in their blood to signal that they might need to take a breath.(大多数哺乳动物不能直接检测供应给组织的血液中的氧气水平。相反，它们依靠血液中二氧化碳水平的上升来发出可能需要呼吸的信号)”可知，大多数哺乳动物依靠血液中二氧化碳含量的上升来判断何时呼吸。故选A。 【47题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Once the seals got familiar with the setup, the researchers started to gradually change the composition of the air in the breathing chamber, increasing or reducing the levels of oxygen and CO₂ to see an effect on their behavior. Sure enough: the higher the level of oxygen, the longer the seals stayed at the feeder.(一旦海豹熟悉了这种设置，研究人员开始逐渐改变呼吸室中空气的成分，增加或减少氧气和二氧化碳的水平，以观察对其行为的影响。果然如此：氧气水平越高，海豹在喂食器停留的时间就越长)”可知，当呼吸室中的氧气水平升高时，海豹会在喂食器停留更长时间。故选B。 【48题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Since oxygen levels on land remain stable, humans don’t seem to have evolved (演化) to notice low blood oxygen levels, sometimes not even when they’ re about to pass out in free-diving.(由于陆地上的氧气水平保持稳定，人类似乎没有进化出注意到血液中低氧水平的能力，有时甚至在自由潜水即将昏倒时也没有)”可知，人类无法察觉血液中低氧水平是因为陆地上氧气水平稳定。故选C。 【49题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Because every time we surface and breathe in, our sensitivity to CO₂ is decreased, even if its levels are already high, and this increases the chance that a person will, without awareness, pass out before they get to the surface.(因为每次我们浮出水面吸气时，我们对二氧化碳的敏感性都会降低，即使其水平已经很高，这也会增加一个人在浮出水面之前无意识地昏倒的可能性)”可知，潜水员在自由潜水时经常发生事故是因为他们可能没有及时注意到二氧化碳水平的上升。故选C。 【50题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“But a recent study published in Science suggests seals (海豹) can sense the amount of oxygen in the blood,and change their diving behavior in response.(但最近发表在《科学》杂志上的一项研究表明，海豹可以感知血液中的氧气量，并相应地改变它们的潜水行为)”和第四段中“The finding suggests that seals don’t just physically respond to oxygen levels by changing their heart rate or breathing, but that they are sufficiently aware of them to change their behavior.(这一发现表明，海豹不仅仅是通过改变心率或呼吸来对氧气水平做出身体反应，而是它们对氧气水平有足够的意识来改变它们的行为)”可知，McKnight的海豹研究表明，海豹能迅速感知氧气水平并据此采取行动。故选B。 D Science serves as a powerful tool for unlocking the mysteries of the universe, but understanding its limitations is essential for its effective application. There are occasions where I have used the handle of a knife as a hammer (锤子), but the result would have been better if I’d had a more suitable tool at hand. As far as science goes, it is really good at testing things that are testable, but not so for those that are not. We can do, and have done, an impressive amount with our brains. But there are limits. Sometimes these limits go away if we keep at it for long enough — we just need better facilities and experiments to get the answer. Breaking new ground in modern science this way can be costly. Next-generation supercomputers or incredibly large telescopes are expensive, yet these may be required to find answers to some of the unsolved mysteries of the universe. Sometimes the limits we encounter in trying to unlock the nature of the universe are cognitive (认知的). Think about this: human DNA is only about 1.2 percent different from that of chimps (黑猩猩). Chimps are smart, no question. But could you teach them advanced mathematics? What if our DNA were another 1.2 percent further evolved than it is? What might our brains be capable of then? The level of abstract thinking might be unimaginable. Sometimes the limits we hit are fundamental. There are laws of nature we may never be able to understand, however advanced our brains might become. There are experiments we might never be able to perform. We may never be able to test what caused the universe to be created, and what caused the cause of the universe being created. This is where science may never break through. For something to be considered scientific, it must, by definition, be testable. There is a problem here: it may not need to be testable right now, but it must be testable at some point in the future by experiment. If an idea is untestable, that doesn’t mean it is wrong. It means it is untestable for now. These untestable ideas also happen to be some of the most interesting ones, probably because they’ve puzzled humanity for centuries. 51. Why does the author mention “knife” and “hammer” in Paragraph 1? A. To demonstrate how tools can be used creatively. B. To highlight consequences of using a wrong tool. C. To show the necessity of keeping a handy tool within reach. D. To stress the need for the right tool to achieve desired results. 52. What is often required in breaking new ground in science? A. Broader science education. B. More advanced facilities for experiments. C. Deeper understanding of the brain power. D. More investment in next-generation scientists. 53. How does the author assess human beings in terms of their cognitive capacity? A. They are just 2.4% away from true abstract thinking. B. They are slightly smarter than other intelligent beings. C. They are yet to evolve further to learn more about the universe. D. They are good at solving problems with advanced mathematics. 54. What message does Paragraph 4 convey? A. Some puzzles about the universe are way beyond scientific exploration. B. Experimental research lays solid foundations for space technology. C. Boundaries of science can be pushed back with determined efforts. D. Limitations of science may result from insufficient testing. 55. What has the author added to the definition of a scientific idea? A. Correct ideas are testable. B. Untestable ideas can be true. C. Some scientific ideas may never be testable. D. An idea must be testable to be seen as correct. 【答案】51. D 52. B 53. C 54. A 55. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章指出科学是探索宇宙的有力工具，但存在局限，包括需先进设备、人类认知待进化、有根本性难题难突破，还补充不可测试的想法未必错误。 【51题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Science serves as a powerful tool for unlocking the mysteries of the universe, but understanding its limitations is essential for its effective application. There are occasions where I have used the handle of a knife as a hammer (锤子), but the result would have been better if I’d had a more suitable tool at hand. As far as science goes, it is really good at testing things that are testable, but not so for those that are not. (科学是解开宇宙奥秘的有力工具，但了解其局限性对于其有效应用至关重要。有时我会把刀柄当作锤子来使用，但要是手边有更合适的工具就好了。就科学而言，它在能进行测试的事物上表现得非常出色，但对于那些无法测试的事物则不然。)”可知，作者在第一段中提及“刀”和“锤子”是为了强调使用合适的工具以达到预期效果的重要性。故选D。 【52题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“We can do, and have done, an impressive amount with our brains. But there are limits. Sometimes these limits go away if we keep at it for long enough — we just need better facilities and experiments to get the answer. Breaking new ground in modern science this way can be costly. Next-generation supercomputers or incredibly large telescopes are expensive, yet these may be required to find answers to some of the unsolved mysteries of the universe. (我们的大脑能够完成并且已经完成了大量的工作。但也有其局限性。有时，如果我们持续努力足够长的时间，这些局限性就会消失——我们只是需要更先进的设备和实验来得出答案。以这种方式在现代科学领域开辟新领域可能会耗费大量资源。下一代超级计算机或极其巨大的望远镜价格不菲，但这些可能是解决宇宙中一些未解之谜所必需的。)”可知，在科学领域开拓新领域时，通常需要更先进的实验设备。故选B。 【53题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“What if our DNA were another 1.2 percent further evolved than it is? What might our brains be capable of then? The level of abstract thinking might be unimaginable. (倘若我们的DNA进化程度再提高1.2%呢？那我们的大脑又会具备怎样的能力呢？抽象思维的水平或许会令人难以想象。)”可知，作者认为人类的认知能力尚未进一步进化以更好地了解宇宙。故选C。 【54题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段“Sometimes the limits we hit are fundamental. There are laws of nature we may never be able to understand, however advanced our brains might become. There are experiments we might never be able to perform. We may never be able to test what caused the universe to be created, and what caused the cause of the universe being created. This is where science may never break through. (有时我们所遭遇的限制是根本性的。存在着一些自然法则，即便我们的大脑变得再先进，我们也可能永远无法理解。还有一些实验我们可能永远无法进行。我们或许永远无法验证是什么导致了宇宙的诞生，以及是什么导致了宇宙诞生的原因。这就是科学可能永远无法取得突破的地方。)”可知，第4段传达了有些关于宇宙的谜题远远超出了科学探索的范畴。故选A。 【55题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“If an idea is untestable, that doesn’t mean it is wrong. It means it is untestable for now. These untestable ideas also happen to be some of the most interesting ones, probably because they’ve puzzled humanity for centuries. (如果一个想法无法进行验证，这并不意味着它就是错误的。这意味着目前它还无法被验证。而这些无法验证的想法恰恰往往是最具趣味性的，可能是因为它们已经困扰人类数百年之久。)”可知，作者认为不可测试的想法也可能是正确的。故选B。 第Ⅱ卷（非选择题 共35分） 第一节 阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面的短文，并根据短文内容回答后面的问题。 When my father was celebrating a milestone (里程碑), birthday, I pulled together a surprised gift that he would never forget. On his 60th birthday, I had a fun idea: What if I could get the memories people had of him, put each one into an envelope (信封) — 60 in total — and have him open them, one by one, on his birthday? So I wrote an e-mail to family and friends, explaining my idea. I sent the e-mail and waited. And then the replies started coming in and I was very, very astonished. There were so many memories, and they were all so lovely. They came from the ’50s, ’60s, ’70s, from every decade (十年) between now and the day my dad was born. They came from my mother, my siblings, my grandma, my dad’s friends from high school, his sister, my dad’s first boss, a colleague at his first job, from people who hadn’t seen my dad in 40 years, from people I myself hadn’t even informed. They typed them and hand-wrote them. They mailed them and e-mailed them. The night before Dad’s birthday, my sister and I stayed up late, putting the mails into envelopes. The next morning, after breakfast and presents and cake, we gave the pile of envelopes to him. “Just one more thing for you,” we said. It took him along time to open them and read. Each one was a brief ticket to another time, a leap (跳跃) backward over years and decades. There was a lot of laughter and a few tears in his face. I was kind of sad when the project of the memories about my father was over because it was, great fun to collect these memories. 56. When did the author give her father a surprised gift?（no more than 5 words） ________________________________________________________________ 57. What does the underlined word “astonished” in paragraph 3 probably mean?（no more than 10 words） ________________________________________________________________ 58. Why did the author and her sister stay up late the night before their father’s birthday?（no more than 10 words） ________________________________________________________________ 59. How did the author’s father most probably feel when he read the mails?（no more than 2 words） ________________________________________________________________ 60. What gifts will you choose for your parents? Why?（no more than 20 words） ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】56. On his 60th birthday. 57. Very surprised or shocked. 58. To put the mails into envelopes. 59. Moved/Touched/Excited/Happy. 60. A photo album for my parents. Because it can record our happy moments and be a precious memory. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在父亲60岁生日时为其准备特别惊喜礼物的过程及父亲的反应。 【56题详解】 考查细节理解。由文章第二段中“On his 60th birthday, I had a fun idea: What if I could get the memories people had of him, put each one into an envelope (信封) — 60 in total — and have him open them, one by one, on his birthday?(在他60岁生日那天，我有了一个有趣的想法：如果我能收集到人们对他的回忆，把每一个回忆都放进一个信封里——总共60个——然后让他在生日那天一个一个地打开呢？)”可知，作者在她父亲60岁生日时给了他一个惊喜礼物。故答案为：On his 60th birthday. 【57题详解】 考查词句猜测。由文章第三段中“And then the replies started coming in and I was very, very astonished.(然后开始收到回复，我非常非常astonished。有那么多回忆，而且都很可爱。)”可知，作者收到了很多关于父亲的回忆，而且都很可爱，所以作者应该是感到非常惊讶。故答案为：Very surprised or shocked. 【58题详解】 考查细节理解。由文章第四段“The night before Dad’s birthday, my sister and I stayed up late, putting the mails into envelopes.(爸爸生日前一天晚上，我和妹妹熬夜到很晚，把邮件装进信封里。)”可知，作者和妹妹在父亲生日前一天晚上熬夜到很晚是为了把邮件装进信封里。故答案为：To put the mails into envelopes. 【59题详解】 考查推理判断。由文章倒数第二段中“There was a lot of laughter and a few tears in his face.(他的脸上充满了欢笑，还有几滴泪水。)”可推知，作者的父亲在读邮件时应该是既高兴又感动。故答案为：Moved/Touched/Excited/Happy. 【60题详解】 开放性题目，此题要求回答：你会为父母选择什么礼物？为什么？（不超过20字）答案不唯一，合理即可。例如：给我父母的相册。因为它可以记录我们的快乐时刻，成为珍贵的回忆。A photo album for my parents. Because it can record our happy moments and be a precious memory. 第二节：书面表达（满分25分） 61. 假设你是李津，最近你收到英国笔友Peter的来信，想就“How to live with pressure”的话题和你交流，询问你能否就解决学习和生活中一些问题谈谈自己的体验和感想。请根据此话题及以下提示写一封回信。 ①过去遇到问题时的表现(如心理压力、情绪紧张、心情低落等)。 ②介绍你解决压力问题的做法。 ③表达你的希望。 注意：1.词数不少于100，开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。 2.必须包含提示内容。 3.可适当加入细节,以使内容充实、行文连贯。 Dear Peter, Glad to hear from you, I'd like to write about how to live with pressure. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best wishes. Yours, Li Jin. 【答案】One possible version: Dear Peter, Glad to hear from you. I'd like to write about how to live with pressure. Firstly, I'd take my problem as an example. I used to feel pressured to do well in exams.The pressure made me out of breath. To my disappointment, the more worried I was about my studies, the less efficient I became. So I realize I just take pressure too seriously. Secondly, let me tell you how to deal with it. I try taking things easy by taking part in various activates out of class, enjoying music and chatting with my friends about fun things. To my delight, this works. Pressure cannot be avoided. What counts is how to deal with it properly. So I do hope you can face problems and pressure bravely and your life will be full of sunshine. Best wishes. Yours, Li Jin 【解析】 【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假设你是李津，最近你收到英国笔友Peter的来信，想就“How to live with pressure”的话题和你交流，询问你能否就解决学习和生活中一些问题谈谈自己的体验和感想。要求考生根据此话题及提示写一封回信。 【详解】1.词汇积累 有压力：feel pressured→get stressed 担忧：be worried about→be concerned about 处理：deal with→cope with 参加：take part in→participate in 2.句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：I used to feel pressured to do well in exams. The pressure made me out of breath. 拓展句：I used to feel pressured to do well in exams, which made me out of breath. 【点睛】[高分句型1] To my disappointment, the more worried I was about my studies, the less efficient I became. (运用了“the+比较级……，the+比较级……”结构) [高分句型2] So I do hope you can face problems and pressure bravely and your life will be full of sunshine. (运用了省略that的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $