专题2 命题点1 名词的数-【一战成名新中考】2026河南中考英语（人教版）·一轮复习·教材精讲练优质PPT课件

该初中英语中考复习课件聚焦语法专题“名词的数”核心考点，紧密对接中考要求，分析近10年18考（每年1-2道）的语篇填空第一节考查权重，系统梳理名词句法功能、可数与不可数判断、修饰语分类及单复数变化规则（含规则与不规则变化），归纳既可作可数又可作不可数名词（如chicken、experience）等常考内容，体现备考针对性。 课件亮点在于“考点精讲+易错突破+语篇训练”模式，如通过单复数判定方法（a/an后填单数，many后填复数）和不规则变化示例（man→men、foot→feet），培养学生语言能力与思维品质。设置易错点专练（如hero→heroes、knife→knives）及语篇填空实战，帮助学生掌握答题技巧，提升得分率，教师可依此制定专项复习计划，助力中考冲刺。

英语 1 2 第二部分 语法专题精讲练 专题二 名词 命题点1 名词的数 ［语篇填空第一节：10年18考, 每年1~2道］ 3 知识必备 1.名词的位置及其常见的句法功能#1 句法功能 位置 例句 作主语 句首 English is my favorite subject. 作宾语 介词或动词后 He usually goes to school by bike. She bought a new dress. 作表语 系动词后 He is a great inventor. 作定语 名词前 We are discussing the population problem. 作同位语 名词(短语)或代词后 Mr. Wang, our English teacher, is very knowledgeable. 作宾补 名词(短语)或代词后 She found him a very good pupil. 4 2.既可作可数名词, 也可作不可数名词的词 名词 可数 不可数 名词 可数 不可数 chicken 小鸡 鸡肉 orange 橙子 橙汁 experience 经历 经验 paper 试卷；论文 纸 exercise 练习题 锻炼 radio 收音机 无线电 glass 玻璃杯 玻璃 room 房间 空间 iron 熨斗 铁 time 次数；倍数 时间 life 生命 生活 wood 树林 木头；木材 light 电灯 光；光线 work 作品 工作 5 1.可数名词与不可数名词的判断方法#1 可数名词 ①可数名词有单数和复数两种形式, 如：a desk, two desks［10年7考］； ②可数名词前面可以被冠词、基数词、序数词、指示代词、many等词直接修饰, 如：an egg, three girls, these singers［10年10考］ 不可数名词 ①不可数名词没有单复数形式, 作主语时谓语动词用单数, 如：beef, peace； ②不可数名词不可以被不定冠词(a/an)、基数词、序数词、指示代词、many等词直接修饰； ③表示不可数名词的数量时, 可以用“数词/不定冠词+表示计量的词+of+不可数名词”来表示, 如：a glass of water, two cups of coffee 6 修饰语 只修饰可数名词的修饰语： a/an, this, that, these, those, every/each, another, many, few, a few, several, any other, a couple of, a pair of, many a, quite a few, a(great/large) number of 只修饰不可数名词的修饰语： little, a little, much, a bit of, a good/great deal of, a large amount of 既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词的修饰语： some/any, a lot of/lots of, plenty of, enough, most, hardly any, the rest of 续表 7 1. 有些名词形式为单数, 但意义可分为单数和复数。如：family, team, group, class等。当它们作主语时, 若强调整体, 谓语用单数；若强调 集体中的成员, 谓语用复数。如： His family is large./His family are waiting for him. 2. 有些名词形式为单数, 但意义永远为复数。如：people, police。 它们可 与the连用, 作主语时, 谓语动词用复数［2016.75］。如： The police are asking him something about the event. 8 2.填可数名词单数和复数的判定方法#2 填单数的 判定方法 ①a/an/this/that/every/each/another/either/one/序数词/any other+可数名词单数 ②可数名词单数+be 动词单数形式/谓语动词的单三形式 ③结合上下文语境或者句中对应的提示词, 如：it, its ④专有名词或固定搭配中, 如：the Great Wall, next door 填复数的 判定方法 ①these/those/普通不定代词(many/some/several/few/a few/both/all/other等)/大于1的基数词/one of(+形容词最高级)/quite a few/a pair of/a couple of/a(great/large) number of/different kinds of/all kinds of+可数名词复数； ②both/either/neither/all/none of+可数名词复数 9 填复数的 判定方法 ③可数名词复数+be 动词复数形式/动词原形；可数名词复数+and+可数名词复数, 如：apples and bananas ④结合上下文语境或者句中对应的提示词, 如：them, their ⑤通常用复数或只有复数形式的名词：chopsticks 筷子, clothes 衣服, glasses 眼镜, scissors剪刀, socks 袜子, trousers 裤子 ⑥大于1的基数词+men/women+可数名词复数, 如：two women teachers ⑦用于固定短语或固定搭配中, 如：take notes, do morning exercises 续表 10 3.可数名词单数变复数的规则 (1)规则变化#3.1 规则 示例 一般情况在名词后加-s way→ways year→years 以字母s, x, sh, ch结尾的词加-es box→boxes brush→brushes 特例：stomach→stomachs 以辅音字母加y结尾的词先变y为i, 再加-es party→parties story→stories 11 规则 示例 以元音字母加y结尾的词加-s key→keys holiday→holidays 以f或fe结尾的词变f或fe为v, 再加-es leaf→leaves knife →knives 特例：roof→roofs belief→beliefs 以o结尾有生命的词加-es, 无生命的词加-s tomato→tomatoes hero→heroes photo→photos piano→pianos 特例：bamboo→bamboos 续表 12 (2)不规则变化#3.2 构成方法 示例 a→e型 man→men woman→women fireman→firemen postman→postmen gentleman→gentlemen policeman→policemen 特例：human→humans oo→ee型 foot→feet tooth→teeth 特例：boot→boots 13 构成方法 示例 “某国人”或“某洲人”变化口诀 ①中日永不变: Chinese→Chinese Japanese→Japanese ②英法a变e : Englishman→Englishmen Frenchman→Frenchmen ③其余s加后面 : African→Africans American→Americans Asian→Asians Australian→Australians Canadian→Canadians European→Europeans German→Germans Indian→Indians Italian→Italians Russian→Russians 续表 14 构成方法 示例 单复数同形 deer→deer sheep→sheep 合成词：将主体词变为复数 passer-by→passers-by toothbrush→toothbrushes 其他 mouse→mice child→children 续表 15 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空 1.These _______ (hero) in the movie are very popular. All people respect them a lot. 2.Western people like to use _______ (knife) and forks while they are eating. 3.If you want to keep your ______ (tooth) healthy, you’d better not eat anything sweet at night. heroes knives teeth 16 4.The weather is sunny and there are lots of cows and _______ (sheep) on the green grassland. 5. _________ (human) must learn how to live peacefully with wildlife for we have only one Earth. sheep Humans 17 一、从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空 Group 1 advice place decision country key 1.Traditional Chinese Medicine is becoming popular in different __________ around the world. 2.The government will discuss these problems and make a(n) _________ as soon as possible. countries decision 18 advice place decision country key 3.I carelessly left the ______ on the table, and now I can’t find them anywhere. 4.Luoyang is a city with a long history and there are many _______ of interest near the city. 5.My friend Tony often offers me some _______ which is really useful to me. keys places advice 19 Group 2 man child spirit brush time 6.Take the medicine three ______ a day according to the instructions, and you will get better soon. 7.There are more than one hundred teachers in our school, and most of them are _____ teachers. 8.The volunteers are kind and they want to help the _________ in poor areas. times men children 20 9.The artist used different-sized ________ to create the wonderful artwork. 10.In my opinion, team ______ is an important thing that we must learn. brushes spirit man child spirit brush time 二、语篇填空第一节——方框选词 chance situation body effort hour progress ear dancer Never give up！ This is my guiding principle(准则) in life. Some people say their hobbies are “in their blood”. Others say hobbies come naturally to them. But for me, my 1. _________ is completely different from theirs. Though I love to dance very much, I’ve never been a talented 2. ________. When I started taking dancing lessons as a kid, I had to situation dancer 22 practice for several 3. _______ just to do the same moves which the other kids could learn easily. I often felt sad. It seemed that I could not make my 4. ______ follow my mind.#1.2 After a few years, I felt bored, so I thought it might be the time to give up. I was down those days until my coach called me out one day. To my surprise, I was praised by him for my hard work and great 5. _________. He also told me that I got a(n) 6. ________ for a solo hours body chance situation body effort hour progress ear dancer progress chance dance(独舞) at our next public show! I couldn’t believe my 7. _____ at that moment. I realized how far I had come. My life has changed since then. I feel I’m doing better and better in dance. More importantly, I’m becoming much stronger and more confident.#1.3 Whenever you want to give up, just remember to try your best. All the 8. _______ you made in the past will never be wasted, but will turn out to be a huge step towards success.#1.4 ears chance situation body effort hour progress ear dancer efforts 24 $