Unit 1 Friendship Grammar课件 2025-2026学年译林版八年级上册英语

该初中英语课件围绕“形容词比较级和最高级”展开，从学习目标出发，系统讲解规则变化（分单音节、双音节、多音节词变化）、不规则变化（表格呈现）及用法（比较级+than，最高级+the+范围），结合翻译、例句分析、填空练习等，构建从理解到应用的学习支架。 其亮点在于融合语言能力（通过“描述朋友”情境例句提升表达）、思维品质（规则分类与对比归纳）和学习能力（口诀与表格总结策略），采用情境化教学与多形式练习，学生能系统掌握语法并应用，教师可直接使用丰富资源提升教学效率。

Grammar At the end of this lesson, you will be able to use comparative and superlative adjectives to describe your friends. learn comparative and superlative adjectives; ➷➷ ➷ ➷ ➷ ➷ ➷ ➷ ➷ ➷ 这朵花比那朵花好（nice）。 我的盒子比你的重。 Max是他们班最瘦的。 This flower is nicer than that one. My box is heavier than yours. Max is the thinnest in their class. Translate the sentences 2. 以字母e结尾的词，加-r或-st 3. 重读闭音节词，先双写尾字母，再加-er或-est 4. 以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节词，先改“y”为“i”,再加-er或-est 1. 大部分单音节词在词尾加-er或-est 5. 多音节词、部分双音节词在前面加more或most long longer longest nice nicer nicest hot thin hotter thinner hottest thinnest pretty prettier prettiest 形容词的比较级和最高级变化规则 不规则变化 beautiful more beautiful most beautiful We use comparative adjectives + than to compare _________ people or things; we use the + superlative adjectives to compare ______ or more people or things. Betty’s hair is longer than mine. Max is more interesting than his classmates. Betty is the most helpful person in our class. Max is the tallest boy in our class. Read the sentences below and pay attention to the use of comparative and superlative adjectives. two three 不规则变法 good / well better best bad /badly/ill worse worst many / much more most little less least far farther (更远的) farthest further (更远的、 进一步的) furthest old older / elder oldest / eldest adjective comparative superlative funny good happy interesting large smart thin . funnier funniest happier happiest more interesting most interesting larger largest smarter smartest thinner thinnest better best Complete the table 当被比较的对象是三个或三个以上时，我们会用形容词的最高级，表示 “___________”。 ① My cousin is taller than I am. 我的表哥比我高。 ② My book is more interesting than his. 我的书比他的书有趣。 当我们将两个对象进行比较时，我们要用形容词的比较级，表示 “___________________ _____________”。 较……；更……一些； 比……更…… ① She is my best friend. 她是我最好的朋友。 ② This is the most expensive computer in the shop. 这是店里最贵的电脑。 最…… 形容词的比较级 形容词的最高级 形容词的比较级和最高级是如何构成的呢？ 形容词的比较级和最高级在形式上有一定的变化规律，大体上分为规则变化和不规则变化两种。 Short adjectives are adjectives with one or two syllables: clean heavy 一、形容词比较级和最高级的构成（规则变化） 1 大多数词后加-er/-est。 2 以不发音的字母e结尾的词后加-r/-st。 most + Long adjectives are adjectives with three or more syllables: beautiful interesting 3 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，去掉y，再加-ier/-iest。 4 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-er/-est。 5 多音节词和部分双音节词，在词前加more/most。 写出比较级和最高级： short-_______ -______ cute-______-_______ happy-_______- ______ lazy-______-_______ big- _____- _______ 6. thin- ______- _____ 7. sad- ______- _____ 8. difficult- ____________- _____________ 9. interesting-____________- ____________ 10. good-______ - ___________ 11. bad-________- _______ shorter shortest cuter cutest happier happiest lazier laziest bigger biggest thinner thinnest sadder saddest more difficult most difficult more interesting most interesting better best worse worst Peter is __________ (short) Simon. Simon is __________ (tall) of the six students. Amy is _____________ (light) Sandy. Simon is ____________ (heavy) of the six students. Peter’s drawing grade __________ (low) than Millie’s. shorter than the tallest lighter than the heaviest lower 注意： 构成形容词比较级和最高级的er和est，自成一个音节，读作/ə(r)/ 和/ɪst/。如果原级词末为不发音的字母 r，加er和est 时，r 要发/r/ 音，如clear /klɪə(r)/、clearer /ˈklɪərə(r)/、clearest /ˈklɪərɪst/。如果原级词末的发音为/ŋ/，加er 和est 时，/ŋ/音后得加上/ɡ/音，如 long /lɒŋ/、longer /ˈlɒŋɡə(r)/、longest /ˈlɒŋɡɪst/。 不规则变化 more better worse less 原级 比较级 最高级 good / well ill / bad many / much little best worst most least 1. 以辅音字母+y结尾的词，去掉y，再加ier或iest 2. 部分双音节词和多音节词在前面加more或most e.g. busy—busier—busiest tidy—tidier—tidiest e.g. beautiful—more beautiful—most beautiful wonderful—more wonderful—most wonderful 口诀 比较级要变化，一般词尾加-er。 词尾若有哑音e，直接加r就可以。 重读闭音节，单个辅音字母要双写。 辅音字母加y，要把y改i。 最高级加-est，前面加the莫忘记。 形容词若是多音节，只把more，most前面写 注意： 有些形容词有两种比较级和最高级的变化方式。如： clever—cleverer/more clever—cleverest/most clever far—farther/further—farthest/furthest Look at the sentences and try to work out the usage of the adjectives' comparatives and superlatives. 1. This picture is more beautiful than that one. 这幅画比那幅画更漂亮。 2. Which is bigger, the sun or the moon? 太阳和月亮，哪个更大？ 通常情况下，我们用“比较级 + than”来引出比较的第二部分。 我们常用“which/who ... + 比较级 , ... or ...?”的句型来表示在两者中选择。 3. China is much larger than Japan. 中国比日本大得多。 4. China is becoming stronger and stronger. 中国正变得越来越强大。 我们可在比较级前加上 a little、much、even 等词来表示程度。 我们用“比较级 + and + 比较级”的结构来表示人或事物本身程度的改变。 Look at the sentences and try to work out the usage of the adjectives' comparatives and superlatives. Practice! the tallest lighter than the heaviest lower than the fastest the slowest the highest better than the best Superlatives almost always include _____. the Define the group（表示范围）with ____. of 21 注意： 构成形容词比较级和最高级的er和est，自成一个音节，读作/ə(r)/ 和/ɪst/。如果原级词末为不发音的字母 r，加er和est 时，r 要发/r/ 音，如clear /klɪə(r)/、clearer /ˈklɪərə(r)/、clearest /ˈklɪərɪst/。如果原级词末的发音为/ŋ/，加er 和est 时，/ŋ/音后得加上/ɡ/音，如 long /lɒŋ/、longer /ˈlɒŋɡə(r)/、longest /ˈlɒŋɡɪst/。 good—better—best well(健康的)—better—best bad—worse—worst ill—worse—worst many—more—most much—more—most little (少的)—less—least 常见的形容词比较级和最高级的不规则变化如下： 注意： 有些形容词有两种比较级和最高级的变化方式。如： clever—cleverer/more clever—cleverest/most clever far—farther/further—farthest/furthest Adjective Comparative Superlative Adjective Comparative Superlative clean short fine nice thin big beautiful wonderful happy lazy shorter shortest bigger biggest happier happiest lazier laziest thinner thinnest cleaner cleanest 当堂检测 一、写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级。 finer finest nicer nicest more wonderful most wonderful more beautiful most beautiful 1. Liu Xiang is much ___________ (short) than Yao Ming. 2. Which question is ______________(difficult), this one or that one. 3. He becomes even __________(bad). 4. The world is getting ________ and _________(good). 5. Amy is getting _______________________(越来越漂亮). 6. He is the __________ (smart) of us three. 7. She is the ___________ (good) student in our class. 8. She is one of ____________(pretty) girls. 9. Li Yuchun is one of _________________(popular)singers. shorter more difficult worse 二、根据句意及提示完成下列句子。 better better more and more beautiful smartest best the prettiest the most popular 1、Revise the use of adjectives, comparatives and superlatives. 2、Complete the exercises in the workbook. Homework $