2025-2026学年高三上学期期末复习之英语核心词词性转换&语法填空（构词法）(冀教版2019）

考前特训·期末 期末复习--词性转换&语法填空（冀教版2019） 高三第一学期 （构词法）期末考前易错特训 班级 姓名 学号 分数 内 容 提 要 一、词性变化默写 Exercise 1-3 二、 单句语法填空 Exercise 1 –15 三、 语法填空高考模拟 Passage 1 -5 一、根据提示，完成下面词性变化练习 词性转换 1．regular adj.定期的;经常的  → adv.经常;定期地 2．argue  vt./vi.论证;争辩  → n.争论;争吵;论点 3．apology n.道歉;道歉信→ vi. 道歉;谢罪 4．narrator n.叙述者，讲述者→ n.叙述;讲述;解说 5．determine vt.查明;确定;决定 → adj.有决心的;意志坚定的 6．cycle n.自行车;循环→ vt.回收利用;再利用 7．analyze vt.分析;解析→ n.(对事物的)分析;分析结果 8．patience n.耐心;忍耐力;毅力 → adj.有能耐的，有耐心的 9．permit vt./vi.允许;准许→ n.准许，许可;批准 10．globe n.地球;世界;地球仪→ adj.全球的;全世界的;球形的 【答案】 1．regularly 2．argument 3．apologise /apologize 4．narration 5．determined 6．recycle 7．analysis 8．patient 9．permission 10．global 【解析】1．根据汉语提示，“经常；定期地”是副词，译为regularly，故填regularly。 2．根据汉语提示，“争论；争吵；论点”是名词，译为argument。故填argument。 3．根据汉语提示，“道歉；谢罪”是动词，译为apologize或者apologise，故填apologize/apologise。 4．根据汉语提示，“叙述；讲述；解说”是名词，译为narration，故填narration。 5．根据汉语提示，“有决心的；意志坚定的”是形容词，译为determined，故填determined。 6．根据汉语提示，“回收利用；再利用”是动词，译为recycle，故填recycle。 7．根据汉语提示，“(对事物的)分析；分析结果”是名词，译为analysis，故填analysis。 8．根据汉语提示，“有能耐的，有耐心的”是形容词，译为patient，故填patient。 9．根据汉语提示，“准许，许可；批准”是名词，译为permission。故填permission。 10．根据汉语提示，“全球的；全世界的；球形的”是形容词，译为global，故填global。 词性转换 1. casual adj. 不经意的，非正式的→ adv.漫不经心地；非正式地 2. innocent adj. 无恶意的，无辜的→ adv. 装作若无其事地；无辜地 3. faith n. 信任；相信→ adj. 忠诚的 4. potential adj. 潜在的；可能的→ adv.可能地，潜在地 5. science n. 科学→ adj. 科学(上)的 6. measure vt. 测量；度量→ n. 测量，计量，衡量 7. consult vt. 咨询；请教→ n. 就诊；咨询 8. n. 古董→adj. 古时制造的 9. vi. →n. 打喷嚏 10. vi. 尖声大叫→n. 尖叫声 【答案】 1. casually 2. innocently 3. faithful 4. potentially 5. scientific 6. measurement 7. consultation 8. antique 9. sneeze 10. scream 【解析】1. 形容词casual的副词是casually“漫不经心地；非正式地”，故填casually。 2. 形容词innocent的副词是innocently“装作若无其事地；无辜地”，故填innocently。 3. 名词faith的形容词是faithful“忠诚的”，故填faithful。 4. 形容词potential的副词是potentially“可能地，潜在地”，故填potentially。 5. 名词science的形容词是scientific“科学(上)的”，故填scientific。 6. 动词measure的名词是measurement“测量，计量，衡量”，故填measurement。 7. 动词consult的名词是consultation“就诊；咨询”，故填consultation。 8. 名词“古董”，形容词“古时制造的”是antique。故填antique。 9. “打喷嚏”的名词和动词都是sneeze，故填sneeze。 10. 动词“尖声大叫”和名词“尖叫声”都是scream。故填scream。 词性转换 1. represent vt.- n.代表；表现，描述- n.代表；典型人物adj.有代表性的 2. exhibit n.＆vt．＆ vi．- n．参展者，参展商- n.展览；展览品；展览会 3. recognize vt．- n.认可，承认；认出；赞誉，赏识- adj.容易认出的，易于识别的 4. expand vt.＆ vi．- n.扩张，扩展 5. art n.- n.艺术家- adj.艺术的 6. weak adj.虚弱的→ v.（使）虚弱→weakness n.缺点;虚弱;弱点 7. pessimist n.悲观主义者→ adj.悲观的，悲观主义的→pessimism n.悲观，悲观主义 8. v.预期，预料→anticipation n.预期，预料，期望 9. possess v.拥有；具有；持有→ n.财产，财物 10. normal adj.正常的，平常的→normally adv.正常地；通常，平常→ adj.不正常的，反常的 11．recognise v.认识，辨认出→recognised adj.公认的；经过验证的→ n.承认，认可 【答案】1. representation representative 2. exhibitor exhibition 3. recognition recognizable 4. expansion 5. artist artistic 【答案】6. weaken 7. pessimistic 8. anticipate 9. possession 10. abnormal 11．recognition 【解析】1. 考查词性转换。动词represent，其名词“代表；表现，描述”，对应英文为“representation”，其另一名词兼形容词“代表；典型人物；有代表性的”，对应英文为“representative”，故填①representation ②representative。 2. 考查词性转换。动词兼名词exhibit，其名词“参展者，参展商”，对应英文为“exhibitor”，其另一名词“展览；展览品；展览会”，对应英文为“exhibition”，故填①exhibitor ②exhibition。 3. 考查词性转换。动词recognize，其名词“认可，承认；认出；赞誉，赏识”，对应英文为“recognition”，其形容词“容易认出的，易于识别的”，对应英文为“recognizable”，故填①recognition ②recognizable。 4. 考查词性转换。动词expand，其名词“扩张，扩展”，对应英文为“expansion”，故填expansion。 5. 考查词性转换。名词art，其另一名词“艺术家”，对应英文为“artist”，其形容词“艺术的”，对应英文为“artistic”，故填①artist ②artistic。 6. weak“虚弱的”，为形容词，其动词形式是weaken，故答案是weaken。 7. pessimist“悲观主义者”，为名词，其形容词形式是pessimistic，故答案是pessimistic。 8. anticipation“预期，预料，期望”，为名词，其动词形式是anticipate，故答案是anticipate。 9. possess“拥有；具有；持有”，为动词，其名词形式是possession，故答案是possession。 10. normal“正常的，平常的”，为形容词，其反义的形容词形式是abnormal，故答案是abnormal。 11．recognise“认识，辨认出”，为动词，其名词形式是recognition，故答案是recognition。 二、单句语法填空题:在空格处填入1个适当的单词或用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. Most people here are (willing) to give up their cars. They don’t want to use buses instead. 【答案】unwilling 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这里的大多数人都不愿意放弃他们的汽车。相反他们不想乘公共汽车。 根据语境 “They don’t want to use buses”可知，前半句应意思为“大多数人不愿意放弃他们自己的车”；willing意思为“愿意的”，“不愿意的”是其否定词，前面加前缀un-，应是unwilling。故填unwilling。 2. The first bubbles to escape from the liquid are a   (mix)of air and hydrogen. 【答案】mixture 【详解】考查名词。句意：首先从液体中逸出的气泡是空气和氢气的混合物。根据上文a可知应填单数名词mixture，表示“混合物”。故填mixture。 3. Please accept our apologies for any (convenience) we have caused. 【答案】inconvenience 【详解】考查名词。句意：对于给您带来的不便，请接受我们的道歉。any修饰名词，作介词for的宾语，根据句意，不可数名词inconvenience (不便)作宾语，符合句意。故填inconvenience。 4. If you have been working hard, don’t be afraid to take a break and give yourself a well- (deserve) pat on the back or to reflect on your goals. 【答案】deserved 【详解】考查形容词和构词法。句意：如果你一直在努力工作，不要害怕休息一下，给自己一个当之无愧的表扬，或者反思你的目标。分析可知，“well- __________ (deserve)”应是形容词，在名词短语“a pat on the back(表扬，赞许)”中作定语。“deserve”，动词，意为“值得，应受”，其过去分词形式“deserved”可作形容词，意为“应得的；理所当然的；该受的”，与“well”构成合成词“well-deserved(当之无愧的)”，形容词，符合句意和分析。故填deserved。 5. The little boy was by the book. But to our great , he held the book upside down, (amuse) 【答案】 amused amusing amusement 【详解】考查词性转换。句意：小男孩被这本有趣的书逗乐了。但令我们感到非常有趣的是，他把书倒着拿着。根据空格前的was和空格后的by可知第一个空填过去分词amused；book.是名词，其前需要一个形容词修饰，故第二个空填形容词amusing；great是形容词，故第三个空填名词amusement。故答案为：①amused②amusing③amusement。 6. I’m sorry for the caused by mistakes. Is it for you to come on Thursday? If not, you can come at your . (convenient) 【答案】 inconvenience convenient convenience 【详解】考查名词和形容词。句意：很抱歉由于失误给您带来的不便。你星期四来这里方便吗？如果不方便，你可以在你方便的时候来。空1为名词作宾语，根据句意和语境可知意为“不方便”，用inconvenience；空2为形容词作表语，根据句意和语境可知意为“方便的”，用convenient；空3为名词作宾语，根据句意和语境可知意为“方便”，用convenience，故填inconvenience；convenient；convenience。 7. If one is late for a job interview, it is (likely) that he will get the job. 【答案】unlikely 【详解】考查形容词和构词法。句意：如果一个人面试迟到，他就不太可能得到工作。由If one is late for a job interview（如果一个人面试迟到）可知，如果一个人面试迟到，他就不太可能得到工作，因此空格处为“不可能的”，is后跟形容词作表语，“不可能的”的形容词为unlikely，故填unlikely。 8. Like their children, parents are often （defend）about their private lives. 【答案】defensive 【详解】考查形容词。句意：就像子女一样，父母也常常很注重保护他们的私生活。分析句子成分可知，空格处在系动词are后作表语，用形容词形式，故填defensive。 【点睛】 9. He was (apparent) much surprised at the news that the amateur athlete beat the professional one who ranked top ten. 【答案】apparently 【分析】本题考查词汇的语境应用能力和语法能力。 【详解】考查副词。句意：他显然对业余运动员击败排名前十的职业运动员的消息感到非常惊讶。分析可知，副词修饰much surprised。apparent，形容词，意为“明显的”，其副词形式为“apparently”，意为“显然地；似乎”。故填apparently。 10. Wander among a variety of shops selling gifts while enjoying a live music show and nice street (entertain). 【答案】entertainment 【详解】考查词性转换。句意：在卖礼物的各种商店里一边闲逛，一边欣赏现场音乐秀和漂亮的街头娱乐。根据句中的show，可知此空填名词。故答案为entertainment。 11. Many stars, which are out of the solar system, are (visible) without a telescope. 【答案】invisible 【详解】考查形容词。句意：太阳系外的许多恒星不用望远镜是看不见的。由句意可知，此处应用visible的反义词invisible(看不见的)，形容词作表语。故填invisible。 12. Linda was at her sister’s courage. (astonish) 【答案】astonished 【详解】考查形容词。句意：琳达对她姐姐的勇气感到惊讶。根据主语Linda可知，此处修饰人的感情，应用-ed结尾形容astonished“感到吃惊的”，be astonished at“对……感到惊讶”，作表语。故填astonished。 13. Regular (maintain) is essential to extend the service life of your car. 【答案】maintenance 【详解】考查名词。句意：定期保养对于延长你的汽车使用寿命是至关重要的。提示词作主语，用名词形式maintenance，意为“保养”，不可数名词。故填maintenance。 14. She opened the door of the apartment to let in some fresh air, a little (breathe) from climbing the stairs. 【答案】breathless 【详解】考查形容词。句意：她打开公寓的门为了让一些新鲜的空气进来，在爬楼梯后有点气喘吁吁。根据空前a little以及语义可知，此处应填形容词breathless，表示“气喘吁吁的”，在句中作主语补足语。故填breathless。 15. He threw his book (angry) on the desk, rushed out of the bedroom and slammed the door behind him. 【答案】angrily 【详解】考查副词。句意：他生气地把书扔在书桌上，冲出卧室，砰地一声关上了身后的门。根据动词threw可知，此处应是副词angrily，作状语。故填angrily。 三、语法填空题:在空格处填入1个适当的单词或用所给单词的适当形式填空 Passage 1 （2025·云南大理·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On September 26th, 2025, the research vessel “Xue Long 2” returned to Shanghai, 1 (mark) the completion of China’s 15th Arctic Ocean expedition. During this expedition, the“Deep Sea No. 1”, 2 carried the “Jiaolong” manned submersible, successfully completed China’s first manned deep dive in the Arctic ice area. This expedition, which involved four vessels (the “Xue Long 2”, “Jidi”, “Deep Sea No. 1” and “Tan Suo San Hao”), was China’s largest-scale Arctic Ocean 3 (science) expedition. The “Xue Long 2” 4 (provide) key support by breaking ice all the way, enabling the “Jiaolong” to conduct the dive in the ice-covered area. The research team 5 (original) found that the density, biodiversity and individual body size of living creatures in some Arctic sea areas varied within 6 spatial range. This discovery helps scientists understand the impact of climate change 7 the deep-sea bottom ecosystem. 8 (know) as a “natural laboratory” for global climate change research, the Arctic has a high barrier for exploration. This breakthrough not only fills the gap in this field in China but also enhances China’s capability to understand the varied 9 (change) in the Arctic Ocean. China contributes Chinese data 10 wisdom to addressing global climate change. 【答案】 1. marking 2. which 3. scientific 4. provided 5. originally 6. a 7. on/upon 8. Known 9. changes 10. and 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了2025年9月26日，“雪龙2”号科考船返回上海，标志着中国第 15 次北冰洋科考任务圆满完成。 1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：2025年9月26日，“雪龙2”号科考船返回上海，标志着中国第 15 次北冰洋科考任务圆满完成。空处为非谓语动词作状语，mark与前面的句子之间为主动关系，所以使用现在分词形式作结果状语。故填marking。 2. 考查定语从句。句意：此次科考期间，搭载着“蛟龙”号载人潜水器的“深海一号”，成功实现了中国在北极冰区的首次载人深潜。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词the Deep Sea No. 1，指物，在定语从句中作主语，所以使用关系代词which引导。故填which。 3. 考查形容词。句意：本次科考涉及四艘船舶（“雪龙2”号、“极地”号、“深海一号”和“探索三号”），是中国规模最大的北冰洋科学考察。修饰名词expedition需用形容词scientific作定语。故填scientific。 4. 考查动词时态。句意：“雪龙2”号一路破冰，提供了关键支持，使“蛟龙”号得以在冰覆盖区域开展深潜作业。空处作谓语，文章整体描述的是2025年9月26日之前完成的科考事件，属于过去发生的动作，故用一般过去时。故填provided。 5. 考查副词。句意：研究团队首次发现，北极部分海域生物的密度、生物多样性及个体体型在一定空间范围内存在差异。空处修饰动词found需用副词originally作状语。故填originally。 6. 考查冠词。句意：研究团队首次发现，北极部分海域生物的密度、生物多样性及个体体型在一定空间范围内存在差异。range是可数名词，此处表示泛指，且spatial发音是以辅音音素开头，所以使用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 7. 考查介词。句意：这一发现有助于科学家了解气候变化对深海底部生态系统的影响。固定短语the impact of … on/upon …是固定结构，意为“……对……的影响”。故填on或upon。 8. 考查非谓语动词。句意：北极被誉为全球气候变化研究的“天然实验室”，其探索门槛极高。空处为非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语the Arctic与know是被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词形式作状语，且位于句首时首字母需大写。故填Known。 9. 考查名词复数。句意：这一突破不仅填补了中国在该领域的空白，也提升了中国对北冰洋各类变化的认知能力。change是可数名词，varied修饰可数名词复数形式，所以使用名词复数形式。故填changes。 10. 考查连词。句意：中国为应对全球气候变化贡献了中国的数据与智慧。“Chinese data”（中国数据）和“wisdom”（智慧）是并列关系，共同作contributes的宾语，故用and连接。故填and。 Passage 2 （2025·江西·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Nowhere in the Hexi Corridor does a traveler feel closer to those who came before him than at Yumen Pass (玉门关). Located about 90 kilometers northwest of Dunhuang, it marks the corridor’s western end, 1 (hold) profound historical and emotional significance. For those departing, it was the final farewell (告别) to familiar land, a spot for looking back before disappearing into 2 unknown. To those arriving, it symbolized a gateway of hope — with the desert and its hardships 3 (leave) behind. Originally surrounded by water on three sides, Yumen pass now 4 (consist) of only a rectangular fortress (矩形堡垒). Its old walls mix so well with the surrounding Gobi 5 it’s hard to tell where the pass ends and the desert begins. Despite its weathered 6 (appear), as an outpost of the Han Dynasty and a UNESCO World Heritage Site, it still 7 (true) deserves a long journey to visit. In Chinese, yumen means “jade gate”. Raw jade once traveled through the corridor, part of the ancient Silk Road, to workshops where it 8 (transform) into beautiful ritual objects and decorations. Not just jade, the 9 (technique) of metalworking and chariot-building also traveled along this route, long before Zhang Qian’s landmark journey. As Li Yongping, a senior researcher at the Gansu Provincial Museum, notes, “Yumen pass is more than stone and earth — it’s a bridge across time, 10 links our present to the travelers of the Silk Road.” 【答案】 1. holding 2. the 3. left 4. consists 5. that 6. appearance 7. truly 8. was transformed 9. techniques 10. which 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了位于河西走廊西端的玉门关。 1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：它位于敦煌西北约90公里处，标志着走廊的西端，具有深远的历史和情感意义。“(hold) profound historical and emotional significance”作伴随状语，hold(具有)用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语it之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式表主动。故填holding。 2. 考查冠词。句意：对于那些离开的人来说，这是对熟悉土地的最后告别，是在消失在未知世界之前回顾的地方。“the+形容词”是固定结构，表示“具有该形容词特征的一类人或物”，the unknown意为“未知世界”，作宾语。故填the。 3. 考查非谓语动词。句意：对于那些到达的人来说，它象征着希望之门——沙漠和它的艰辛都被抛在了后面。leave behind(留下)作with复合结构中的宾语补足语，用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语the desert and its hardships之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填left。 4. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：玉门关原本三面环水，现在只剩下一个矩形堡垒。consist(由……组成)是谓语动词，与主语Yumen pass之间是主动关系，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是单数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。故填consists。 5. 考查固定句型。句意：它的旧城墙与周围的戈壁混合得如此之好，以至于很难分辨出关隘的尽头和沙漠的开始。“so...that...”是固定句型，意为“如此……以至于……”，that引导结果状语从句。故填that。 6. 考查名词。句意：尽管它的外观已经风化，但作为汉朝的前哨和联合国教科文组织世界遗产，它仍然值得长途跋涉去参观。提示词作宾语，用名词appearance，意为“外观”，不可数名词。故填appearance。 7. 考查副词。句意：尽管它的外观已经风化，但作为汉朝的前哨和联合国教科文组织世界遗产，它仍然值得长途跋涉去参观。提示词修饰动词deserves，用副词truly作状语，意为“真正地”。故填truly。 8. 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：玉石原料曾经通过走廊，作为古丝绸之路的一部分，运到作坊，在那里被加工成美丽的仪式用品和装饰品。transform(加工)是从句中谓语动词，与主语it之间是被动关系，描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数代词，谓语动词用单数形式。故填was transformed。 9. 考查名词。句意：不仅玉石，金属加工和战车制造的技术也早在张骞的里程碑式旅行之前就沿着这条路线传播。名词technique作主语，意为“技术”，结合“of metalworking and chariot-building”可知，指多项技术，用复数形式。故填techniques。 10. 考查定语从句。句意：玉门关不仅仅是石头和泥土——它是一座跨越时间的桥梁，将我们的现在与丝绸之路上的旅行者联系在一起。“__10__ links our present to the travelers of the Silk Road”是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a bridge，指物，关系词将其代入定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。 Passage 3 （2025·广东东莞·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 World's First Robotic Tibetan Antelope Appears in Hoh Xil In the vast and remote Hoh Xil (可可西里) Nature Reserve in China, a groundbreaking event has taken place. The world's first robotic Tibetan antelope made its 1 (appear) and successfully joined a real antelope herd, marking 2 new era for wildlife research and conservation. 3 (joint) developed by a group of experts, this robotic antelope is based on the Jueying X30 quadruped robot from Hangzhou Yunshenchu Technology. Its incredibly lifelike fur shell, crafted by the Suzhou Bailuming Team, 4 (make) it almost indistinguishable from real Tibetan antelopes at first glance. 5 (train) with AI, it can handle challenging terrains in the high-altitude region of over 4,800 meters above sea level. Another robot, Shanmao M20, has also proven its worth by withstanding the harsh plateau environment while 6 (carry) oxygen tanks during the mission. Tibetan antelopes are extremely sensitive 7 human presence, which has long made traditional wildlife observation difficult. However, this robotic antelope can be remotely controlled from up to 2 kilometers away. It can quietly approach the herd, capturing valuable close-range data and high-definition images without disturbing the antelopes. This provides researchers with an unprecedented opportunity 8 (study) their behaviors, especially their 9 (mystery) migration patterns for giving birth. Researchers from the Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology are excited about the potential of this technology, 10 they believe will help solve long-standing mysteries surrounding Tibetan antelopes. Rangers in Hoh Xil also see great promise in using robots for risky tasks like patrolling dangerous areas and tracking poachers, which will greatly enhance the protection of this precious ecosystem. As technology continues to advance, we can expect more innovative applications like this, bringing us closer to understanding and protecting these magnificent creatures and their habitats. 【答案】 1. appearance 2. a 3. Jointly 4. makes 5. Trained 6. carrying 7. to 8. to study 9. mysterious 10. which 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界首只藏羚羊机器人在可可西里自然保护区亮相，并成功融入真实藏羚羊群的事件，阐述了该机器人的研发背景、特性以及它在野生动物研究和保护领域发挥的重要作用。 1. 考查名词。句意：世界首只藏羚羊机器人亮相，并成功加入一个真实的藏羚羊群，标志着野生动物研究和保护进入了一个新时代。形容词性物主代词its后需接名词，appear的名词形式是appearance，且make one's appearance为固定搭配，意为“亮相；出现”。 故填appearance。 2. 考查冠词。句意：世界首只藏羚羊机器人亮相，并成功加入一个真实的藏羚羊群，标志着野生动物研究和保护进入了一个新时代。era为可数名词，此处表示泛指“一个新时代”，且new发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a。故填a。 3. 考查副词。句意：这款藏羚羊机器人由一批专家联合研发，其原型是杭州云深处科技的绝影 X30 四足机器人。空处修饰动词developed，需用副词形式，joint的副词是jointly，位于句首时首字母要大写。故填Jointly。 4. 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：它那栩栩如生的皮毛外壳由苏州白鹿鸣团队打造，第一眼看上去几乎和真实的藏羚羊别无二致。句子主语是Its incredibly lifelike fur shell，为单数名词，且句子描述的是客观事实，需用一般现在时，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填makes。 5. 考查非谓语动词。句意：经过人工智能训练，它能够应对海拔4800多米高海拔地区的复杂地形。句子已有谓语动词can handle，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，it（指代机器人）和train之间为动宾关系，需用过去分词形式，位于句首时首字母要大写。故填Trained。 6. 考查非谓语动词。句意：另一款名为山猫 M20 的机器人也表现出色，在任务期间携带氧气瓶，成功经受住了高原恶劣环境的考验。while引导的时间状语从句中，当从句主语和主句主语一致，且从句含有be动词时，可省略从句主语和be动词，此处完整形式为while (it was) carrying，所以空处填现在分词形式。故填carrying。 7. 考查介词。句意：藏羚羊对人类的存在极为敏感，这使得传统的野生动物观测工作长期以来面临诸多困难。be sensitive to为固定搭配，意为“对…… 敏感”。故填to。 8. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这为研究人员提供了前所未有的机会，去研究它们的行为，尤其是它们神秘的迁徙产仔模式。opportunity 后常接动词不定式作后置定语，即opportunity to do sth.，表示“做某事的机会”。故填to study。 9. 考查形容词。句意：这为研究人员提供了前所未有的机会，去研究它们的行为，尤其是它们神秘的迁徙产仔模式。空处修饰名词短语migration patterns，需用形容词作定语，mystery的形容词形式是mysterious。故填mysterious。 10. 考查定语从句。句意：西北高原生物研究所的研究人员对这项技术的潜力感到兴奋，他们认为这项技术将有助于解开藏羚羊身上长期以来的谜团。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是this technology，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。 Passage 4 （2025·河南·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The 19th China Theater Festival, a 1 (particular) significant stage of the country to display theatrical achievements, was held from September 5 2 25 in 2025 in Hangzhou, East China’s Zhejiang Province. This 21-day cultural event, 3 aim is to showcase cultural charm through art forms like traditional Chinese opera and drama and provide 4 Chinese model in carbon reduction for large-scale events worldwide via its zero-carbon practices, drew global attention under the label of “China’s first carbon-neutral theater festival”. The secret to the theater festival’s carbon reduction lies in the in-depth integration of culture and high-tech ecology. 5 (rely) on digital platforms, the organizers created scenarios (场景) for public engagement. Audiences 6 (encourage) to use public transportation to head to theaters. E-tickets and e-program brochures covered almost every performance. Moreover, the opening performance on Friday night in Hangzhou was Northward, 7 (adapt) from Chinese novelist Xu Zechen’s novel of the same name. Minimal use of props (道具) can be seen as another move 8 (reduce) carbon emissions while it didn’t lessen the performance’s charm at all. With “zero-carbon” as its theme, the theater festival’s positioning as a role model has extended far beyond the cultural field with 9 (initiative) such as promoting a “Clean Plate Campaign” in dining areas to reduce food waste, and using recyclable materials for stage construction. The theater festival used art to illustrate that cultural events can coexist with ecological protection. This, perhaps, is the unique wisdom China can use to make a 10 (contribute) to global climate issues. 【答案】 1. particularly 2. to 3. whose 4. a 5. Relying 6. were encouraged 7. adapted 8. to reduce 9. initiatives 10. contribution 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。第十九届中国戏剧节在杭州举行。作为国内首个碳中和戏剧节，该戏剧节通过数字平台、鼓励公共交通和电子票务及减少道具等举措展示文化魅力与碳减排中国智慧。 1. 考查副词。句意：第十九届中国戏剧节是展现中国戏剧成就的一个极具重要意义的舞台，该活动于2025年9月5日至25日在华东地区浙江省杭州市举行。修饰形容词significant用副词particularly。故填particularly。 2. 考查介词。句意：第十九届中国戏剧节是展现中国戏剧成就的一个极具重要意义的舞台，该活动于2025年9月5日至25日在华东地区浙江省杭州市举行。from...to…意为“从……到……”。故填to。 3. 考查定语从句。句意：这场为期21天的文化活动旨在通过诸如中国传统戏曲和戏剧等艺术形式展现文化魅力，并通过其零碳实践为全球大型活动提供一个中国的低碳减排范例，该活动以“中国首个碳中和戏剧节”的名义吸引了全球的关注。该空引导的是一个非限制性定语从句，从句中的aim与先行词 This 21-day cultural event是所属关系，故用关系词whose。故填whose。 4. 考查冠词。句意：这场为期21天的文化活动旨在通过诸如中国传统戏曲和戏剧等艺术形式展现文化魅力，并通过其零碳实践为全球大型活动提供一个中国的低碳减排范例，该活动以“中国首个碳中和戏剧节”的名义吸引了全球的关注。根据空后的单数可数名词model可知，此处需填冠词，又因为Chinese model为泛指，且Chinese是一个以辅音音素开头的单词，故用不定冠词a。故填a。 5. 考查非谓语动词。句意：借助数字平台，组织者设计了促进公众参与的方案。rely与其逻辑主语the organizers存在逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作状语。首字母大写。故填Relying。 6. 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：主办方鼓励观众选择乘坐公共交通工具前往剧院。该句叙述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时，又因为该句的主语Audiences与所填词encourage存在动宾关系，故填were encouraged。 7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，周五晚在杭州的开幕演出是改编自中国小说家徐则臣同名小说的《北上》。adapt与其逻辑主语Northward存在逻辑上的动宾关系，故用所给动词的过去分词adapted，在句中作后置定语。故填adapted。 8. 考查非谓语动词。句意：尽量少使用道具这一做法可以被视为减少碳排放的另一种手段，而且它丝毫没有削弱表演的魅力。所填词在此处作后置定语，修饰名词move，该空用to reduce。a move to do sth.”意为“做某事的举措或措施”。故填to reduce。 9. 考查名词复数。句意：该戏剧节以“零碳”为主题，其作为典范的地位已远远超出了文化领域。它采取了一系列举措，比如在餐饮区开展“光盘行动”以减少食物浪费，以及使用可回收材料进行舞台搭建。根据空后短语such as后的内容可知，此处initiative表示复数概念，故用所给名词的复数。故填initiatives。 10. 考查名词。句意：这或许正是中国能够为全球气候问题做出贡献的独特智慧所在。“make a contribution”意为“做出贡献”，为固定搭配。故填contribution。 Passage 5 （2025·江西·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Modern farming is a revolutionary turn in traditional agriculture practices. Modern farming methods show a significant development in agriculture practices, 1 (use) all the advanced technologies and innovative techniques. The advantages of modern farming include numerous benefits. Modern farming methods 2 (consider) to be an advanced shift in farming practices that has led to 3 (high) crop yields efficiently. With advanced technologies and innovative techniques, farmers are now producing more on the same amount of land, meeting their 4 (expect) of growing demand for food and supporting economic growth in the agricultural sector. This increased yield is not only 5 (benefit) to consumers, but also allows farmers to make better use of their resources, directly contributing to overall sustainability. The primary focus of these modern farming techniques is on 6 (environmental)friendly and sustainable practices. These techniques reduce environmental impact by reducing pollution, conserving resources such as water bodies and promoting biodiversity. Modern farming emphasizes sustainable practices, 7 protect ecosystems and ensure that agriculture can continue to provide food in the long run. The techniques aim 8 improving the overall well-being of the planet by prioritising long- term ecological health. Techniques such as precision farming and genetic engineering are improving the quality of crops to enable them 9 (stand) against tough conditions. With close crop monitoring, 10 essential component of modern farming, farmers are now able to produce healthier and more nutritious food, and these higher- quality crops can meet the growing demand of consumers. This improvement has made crops tastier for human health. 【答案】 1. using 2. are considered 3. higher 4. expectation/expectations 5. beneficial 6. environmentally 7. which 8. at 9. to stand 10. an 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了现代农业的优势，它们利用先进技术提高产量，确保食物安全，同时注意环保和可持续发展。 1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：现代农业方法体现了农业实践的重大发展，运用了所有先进技术与创新手段。空处为非谓语动词作状语，use与逻辑主语Modern farming methods为主动关系，所以使用现在分词形式。故填using。 2. 考查动词时态语态。句意：现代农业方法被认为是农业实践的一次先进转型，高效地带来了更高的作物产量。空处为谓语动词，consider与主语Modern farming methods之间为被动关系，且句子陈述客观事实，所以使用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为复数名词，所以谓语动词使用复数形式。故填are considered。 3. 考查形容词比较级。句意：现代农业方法被认为是农业实践的一次先进转型，高效地带来了更高的作物产量。根据语境和下文“farmers are now producing more on the same amount of land”可知，现代农业利用技术提高了粮食产量，因此此处表示“更高的产量”，所以使用形容词比较级形式。故填higher。 4. 考查名词。句意：随着先进的技术和创新的技术，农民现在在相同数量的土地上生产更多的产品，满足他们对粮食需求日益增长的期望，并支持农业部门的经济增长。空处为名词作宾语，expect的名词为expectation意为“期望”为可数名词，此处表示单数或复数含义均可。故填expectation(s)。 5. 考查形容词。句意：这种产量的提升不仅对消费者有益，还能让农民更合理地利用资源，直接助力整体的可持续发展。空处为形容词作表语，benefit的形容词为beneficial意为“有益的”。故填beneficial。 6. 考查副词。句意：这些现代农业技术的核心关注点是环保且可持续的实践方式。空处应为副词作状语修饰形容词friendly，environmental的副词为environmentally意为“环境上”。故填environmentally。 7. 考查定语从句。句意：现代农业注重可持续发展实践，这有助于保护生态系统，确保农业能够长期稳定地提供粮食。空处引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词practices，指物，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。 8. 考查介词。句意：这些技术以长期生态健康为优先考量，旨在改善地球的整体福祉。固定短语aim at doing sth.意为“旨在做某事”，空处需填介词at。故填at。 9. 考查非谓语动词。句意：精准农业、基因工程等技术正在提升作物品质，使作物能够抵御恶劣环境。固定短语enable sb./sth. to do sth.意为“使某人/某物能够做某事”空处为动词不定式形式作宾语补足语。故填to stand。 10. 考查冠词。句意：作物精细化监测是现代农业的一个重要组成部分，有了它，农民如今能够种植出更健康、更具营养价值的粮食，而这些高品质作物能够满足消费者日益增长的需求。component为可数名词，此处表示泛指“一个重要组成部分”，且essential为元音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 11 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $考前特训·期末 期末复习--词性转换&语法填空（冀教版2019） 高三第一学期 （构词法）期末考前易错特训 班级 姓名 学号 分数 内 容 提 要 一、词性变化默写 Exercise 1-3 二、 单句语法填空 Exercise 1 –15 三、 语法填空高考模拟 Passage 1 -5 一、根据提示，完成下面词性变化练习 词性转换 1．regular adj.定期的;经常的  → adv.经常;定期地 2．argue  vt./vi.论证;争辩  → n.争论;争吵;论点 3．apology n.道歉;道歉信→ vi. 道歉;谢罪 4．narrator n.叙述者，讲述者→ n.叙述;讲述;解说 5．determine vt.查明;确定;决定 → adj.有决心的;意志坚定的 6．cycle n.自行车;循环→ vt.回收利用;再利用 7．analyze vt.分析;解析→ n.(对事物的)分析;分析结果 8．patience n.耐心;忍耐力;毅力 → adj.有能耐的，有耐心的 9．permit vt./vi.允许;准许→ n.准许，许可;批准 10．globe n.地球;世界;地球仪→ adj.全球的;全世界的;球形的 词性转换 1. casual adj. 不经意的，非正式的→ adv.漫不经心地；非正式地 2. innocent adj. 无恶意的，无辜的→ adv. 装作若无其事地；无辜地 3. faith n. 信任；相信→ adj. 忠诚的 4. potential adj. 潜在的；可能的→ adv.可能地，潜在地 5. science n. 科学→ adj. 科学(上)的 6. measure vt. 测量；度量→ n. 测量，计量，衡量 7. consult vt. 咨询；请教→ n. 就诊；咨询 8. n. 古董→adj. 古时制造的 9. vi. →n. 打喷嚏 10. vi. 尖声大叫→n. 尖叫声 词性转换 1. represent vt.- n.代表；表现，描述- n.代表；典型人物adj.有代表性的 2. exhibit n.＆vt．＆ vi．- n．参展者，参展商- n.展览；展览品；展览会 3. recognize vt．- n.认可，承认；认出；赞誉，赏识- adj.容易认出的，易于识别的 4. expand vt.＆ vi．- n.扩张，扩展 5. art n.- n.艺术家- adj.艺术的 6. weak adj.虚弱的→ v.（使）虚弱→weakness n.缺点;虚弱;弱点 7. pessimist n.悲观主义者→ adj.悲观的，悲观主义的→pessimism n.悲观，悲观主义 8. v.预期，预料→anticipation n.预期，预料，期望 9. possess v.拥有；具有；持有→ n.财产，财物 10. normal adj.正常的，平常的→normally adv.正常地；通常，平常→ adj.不正常的，反常的 11．recognise v.认识，辨认出→recognised adj.公认的；经过验证的→ n.承认，认可 二、单句语法填空题:在空格处填入1个适当的单词或用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. Most people here are (willing) to give up their cars. They don’t want to use buses instead. 2. The first bubbles to escape from the liquid are a   (mix)of air and hydrogen. 3. Please accept our apologies for any (convenience) we have caused. 4. If you have been working hard, don’t be afraid to take a break and give yourself a well- (deserve) pat on the back or to reflect on your goals. 5. The little boy was by the book. But to our great , he held the book upside down, (amuse) 6. I’m sorry for the caused by mistakes. Is it for you to come on Thursday? If not, you can come at your . (convenient) 7. If one is late for a job interview, it is (likely) that he will get the job. 8. Like their children, parents are often （defend）about their private lives. 9. He was (apparent) much surprised at the news that the amateur athlete beat the professional one who ranked top ten. 10. Wander among a variety of shops selling gifts while enjoying a live music show and nice street (entertain). 11. Many stars, which are out of the solar system, are (visible) without a telescope. 12. Linda was at her sister’s courage. (astonish) 13. Regular (maintain) is essential to extend the service life of your car. 14. She opened the door of the apartment to let in some fresh air, a little (breathe) from climbing the stairs. 15. He threw his book (angry) on the desk, rushed out of the bedroom and slammed the door behind him. 三、语法填空题:在空格处填入1个适当的单词或用所给单词的适当形式填空 Passage 1 （2025·云南大理·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On September 26th, 2025, the research vessel “Xue Long 2” returned to Shanghai, 1 (mark) the completion of China’s 15th Arctic Ocean expedition. During this expedition, the“Deep Sea No. 1”, 2 carried the “Jiaolong” manned submersible, successfully completed China’s first manned deep dive in the Arctic ice area. This expedition, which involved four vessels (the “Xue Long 2”, “Jidi”, “Deep Sea No. 1” and “Tan Suo San Hao”), was China’s largest-scale Arctic Ocean 3 (science) expedition. The “Xue Long 2” 4 (provide) key support by breaking ice all the way, enabling the “Jiaolong” to conduct the dive in the ice-covered area. The research team 5 (original) found that the density, biodiversity and individual body size of living creatures in some Arctic sea areas varied within 6 spatial range. This discovery helps scientists understand the impact of climate change 7 the deep-sea bottom ecosystem. 8 (know) as a “natural laboratory” for global climate change research, the Arctic has a high barrier for exploration. This breakthrough not only fills the gap in this field in China but also enhances China’s capability to understand the varied 9 (change) in the Arctic Ocean. China contributes Chinese data 10 wisdom to addressing global climate change. Passage 2 （2025·江西·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Nowhere in the Hexi Corridor does a traveler feel closer to those who came before him than at Yumen Pass (玉门关). Located about 90 kilometers northwest of Dunhuang, it marks the corridor’s western end, 1 (hold) profound historical and emotional significance. For those departing, it was the final farewell (告别) to familiar land, a spot for looking back before disappearing into 2 unknown. To those arriving, it symbolized a gateway of hope — with the desert and its hardships 3 (leave) behind. Originally surrounded by water on three sides, Yumen pass now 4 (consist) of only a rectangular fortress (矩形堡垒). Its old walls mix so well with the surrounding Gobi 5 it’s hard to tell where the pass ends and the desert begins. Despite its weathered 6 (appear), as an outpost of the Han Dynasty and a UNESCO World Heritage Site, it still 7 (true) deserves a long journey to visit. In Chinese, yumen means “jade gate”. Raw jade once traveled through the corridor, part of the ancient Silk Road, to workshops where it 8 (transform) into beautiful ritual objects and decorations. Not just jade, the 9 (technique) of metalworking and chariot-building also traveled along this route, long before Zhang Qian’s landmark journey. As Li Yongping, a senior researcher at the Gansu Provincial Museum, notes, “Yumen pass is more than stone and earth — it’s a bridge across time, 10 links our present to the travelers of the Silk Road.” Passage 3 （2025·广东东莞·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 World's First Robotic Tibetan Antelope Appears in Hoh Xil In the vast and remote Hoh Xil (可可西里) Nature Reserve in China, a groundbreaking event has taken place. The world's first robotic Tibetan antelope made its 1 (appear) and successfully joined a real antelope herd, marking 2 new era for wildlife research and conservation. 3 (joint) developed by a group of experts, this robotic antelope is based on the Jueying X30 quadruped robot from Hangzhou Yunshenchu Technology. Its incredibly lifelike fur shell, crafted by the Suzhou Bailuming Team, 4 (make) it almost indistinguishable from real Tibetan antelopes at first glance. 5 (train) with AI, it can handle challenging terrains in the high-altitude region of over 4,800 meters above sea level. Another robot, Shanmao M20, has also proven its worth by withstanding the harsh plateau environment while 6 (carry) oxygen tanks during the mission. Tibetan antelopes are extremely sensitive 7 human presence, which has long made traditional wildlife observation difficult. However, this robotic antelope can be remotely controlled from up to 2 kilometers away. It can quietly approach the herd, capturing valuable close-range data and high-definition images without disturbing the antelopes. This provides researchers with an unprecedented opportunity 8 (study) their behaviors, especially their 9 (mystery) migration patterns for giving birth. Researchers from the Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology are excited about the potential of this technology, 10 they believe will help solve long-standing mysteries surrounding Tibetan antelopes. Rangers in Hoh Xil also see great promise in using robots for risky tasks like patrolling dangerous areas and tracking poachers, which will greatly enhance the protection of this precious ecosystem. As technology continues to advance, we can expect more innovative applications like this, bringing us closer to understanding and protecting these magnificent creatures and their habitats. Passage 4 （2025·河南·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The 19th China Theater Festival, a 1 (particular) significant stage of the country to display theatrical achievements, was held from September 5 2 25 in 2025 in Hangzhou, East China’s Zhejiang Province. This 21-day cultural event, 3 aim is to showcase cultural charm through art forms like traditional Chinese opera and drama and provide 4 Chinese model in carbon reduction for large-scale events worldwide via its zero-carbon practices, drew global attention under the label of “China’s first carbon-neutral theater festival”. The secret to the theater festival’s carbon reduction lies in the in-depth integration of culture and high-tech ecology. 5 (rely) on digital platforms, the organizers created scenarios (场景) for public engagement. Audiences 6 (encourage) to use public transportation to head to theaters. E-tickets and e-program brochures covered almost every performance. Moreover, the opening performance on Friday night in Hangzhou was Northward, 7 (adapt) from Chinese novelist Xu Zechen’s novel of the same name. Minimal use of props (道具) can be seen as another move 8 (reduce) carbon emissions while it didn’t lessen the performance’s charm at all. With “zero-carbon” as its theme, the theater festival’s positioning as a role model has extended far beyond the cultural field with 9 (initiative) such as promoting a “Clean Plate Campaign” in dining areas to reduce food waste, and using recyclable materials for stage construction. The theater festival used art to illustrate that cultural events can coexist with ecological protection. This, perhaps, is the unique wisdom China can use to make a 10 (contribute) to global climate issues. Passage 5 （2025·江西·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Modern farming is a revolutionary turn in traditional agriculture practices. Modern farming methods show a significant development in agriculture practices, 1 (use) all the advanced technologies and innovative techniques. The advantages of modern farming include numerous benefits. Modern farming methods 2 (consider) to be an advanced shift in farming practices that has led to 3 (high) crop yields efficiently. With advanced technologies and innovative techniques, farmers are now producing more on the same amount of land, meeting their 4 (expect) of growing demand for food and supporting economic growth in the agricultural sector. This increased yield is not only 5 (benefit) to consumers, but also allows farmers to make better use of their resources, directly contributing to overall sustainability. The primary focus of these modern farming techniques is on 6 (environmental)friendly and sustainable practices. These techniques reduce environmental impact by reducing pollution, conserving resources such as water bodies and promoting biodiversity. Modern farming emphasizes sustainable practices, 7 protect ecosystems and ensure that agriculture can continue to provide food in the long run. The techniques aim 8 improving the overall well-being of the planet by prioritising long- term ecological health. Techniques such as precision farming and genetic engineering are improving the quality of crops to enable them 9 (stand) against tough conditions. With close crop monitoring, 10 essential component of modern farming, farmers are now able to produce healthier and more nutritious food, and these higher- quality crops can meet the growing demand of consumers. This improvement has made crops tastier for human health. 5 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $