内容正文:
专题03 存现句:there be句式(期末复习讲义)
单元
语法点
常考题型
命题趋势
Unit 2
存现句There be:就近原则(be动词的选择);be动词的时态;与have/has的区别
1.单项选择
2.所给词的适当形式填空
3.句型转换
4.句子翻译
1. 语境化考查成为主:通过短对话、小语段,让学生结合上下文判断 be 动词形式、句式转换,重点考实际运用而非机械记忆。
2.突出细节辨析:高频考查就近原则、与 have/has 的误用、时态判断、some/any 场景区分,设置易混干扰项,检验对规则细节的精准掌握。
3. 综合能力导向:要求学生在不同答题场景中灵活调用 there be 知识,综合检验语法运用与语言输出能力。
知识点01 主谓一致:就近原则
主谓一致:be 动词的单复数由离它最近的名词(即主语)决定,遵循 “就近原则”。
主语为单数可数名词 / 不可数名词 → be 动词用 is/was
主语为复数可数名词 → be 动词用 are/were
易|错|点|拨
1、忽略就近原则,受后置复数名词干扰
❌ There are a pen and two books on the desk. → ✅ There is a pen and two books on the desk.
2、不可数名词前有数量词修饰时混淆
❌ There are some water in the bottle. → ✅ There is some water in the bottle.
3、复数形式的单数名词作主语时误判
❌ There are a pair of shoes under the bed. → ✅ There is a pair of shoes under the bed.
解|题|技|巧
定位核心主语:找到 be 动词后第一个名词 / 名词短语,这是决定 be 动词形式的唯一依据。
判断主语单复数:
1.可数名词单数 / 不可数名词 / 单数概念的不定代词(something、nobody 等)→ 用 is/was
2.可数名词复数 / 复数概念的不定代词(many、several 等修饰的名词)→ 用 are/were
3.量词短语(a pair of、a bottle of 等)→ 以量词的单复数为准
验证时态匹配:根据句子时间状语确定时态,再结合主语单复数锁定最终答案。
【即时检测】
1.There (be) a pen and two pencils on the table.
【答案】is
【详解】句意:桌子上有一支钢笔和两支铅笔。此题考查there be句型的就近原则,是指谓语动词的形式要与靠近它的主语保持一致。因此这题要与主语a pen保持一致,a pen“一支钢笔”是单数作主语,因此be动词用is。故填is。
知识点02 There be 句式的时态
There be 句型的时态变化完全体现在 be 动词上,不同时态对应不同的 be 动词形式:
时态类型
结 构
时间状语标志词
一般现在时
There is/are + 主语 + 状语
now, usually, every day等
一般过去时
There was/were + 主语 + 状语
yesterday, last..., in 2020, just now 等
一般将来时
1. There will be + 主语 + 状语
2. There is/are going to be + 主语 + 状语
tomorrow, next..., in the future, soon
易|错|点|拨
1、时态误判
❌ There is a concert last night. → ✅ There was a concert last night.
2、否定句中 some 未变 any
❌There isn’t some water in the glass.→ ✅There isn’t any water in the glass.
解|题|技|巧
根据时间状语判断时态:牢记一般现在时、一般将来时、一般过去时的时态标志
根据就近原则确定: be 动词形式:区分主语单复数、判断be动词的形式
【即时检测】
1.In 50 years there ________ more robots in people’s homes.
A.were B.will have C.will be D.have
【答案】C
【详解】句意:50年后,人们的家中将会有更多的机器人。
考查there be句型的一般将来时。根据“In 50 years there…more robots in people’s homes.”可知,此处时态为一般将来时,其结构为will+动词原形;结合空前的there可知,此处为there be句型。故选C。
知识点03 There be 句式与have/has的区别
1. 区别:
There be句型:表客观存在:某地 / 某时 “有” 某物
Have / has :表所属关系:某人 / 某物 “拥有” 某物
2. 句式结构:
There be句型:There + be 动词 + 主语(事物)+ 地点 / 时间状语
Have / has :主语(拥有者)+ have/has + 宾语(被拥有物)
3. 时态对应:
There be句型:时态变化体现在be 动词上:一般现在时:is/are、一般过去时:was/were
一般将来时:will be /is/are going to be
Have / has :时态变化体现在have/has上:一般现在时:have/has一般过去时:had
一般将来时:will have /be going to have
例句
There is a book on the desk.(存在:桌子上有一本书 → 强调书的位置)
I have a book.(拥有:我有一本书 → 强调书的归属)
易|错|点|拨
1、混用 “存在” 与 “拥有” 逻辑
❌ There has a computer in the room. → ✅ There is a computer in the room.
2、将来时结构混淆
❌There is going to have a sports meeting.→ ✅There is going to be a sports meeting.
3、 事物作主语时的语境混淆
❌The classroom has 50 desks.→ ✅There are 50 desks in the classroom.
解|题|技|巧
判断逻辑关系:若句子包含“地点 / 时间状语”,强调 “某物在某处”,用 There be
若句子主语是“人 / 动物 / 集体名词”,强调 “谁拥有什么” ,用 have/has
匹配时态与结构:确定时态、对应选择正确形式
【即时检测】
1.There ________ some beautiful flowers on the teacher’s desk.
A.is B.has C.are D.have
【答案】C
【详解】句意:老师的桌子上有一些漂亮的花。
考查there be句型。there be句型不能和have/has连用,排除选项B和D;主语“some beautiful flowers”为复数,be动词用are。故选C。
基础通关(测试时间:10分钟)
一、单项选择
1.—What’s in the bag?
—________ five apples.
A.They are B.These are C.There are
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——包里有什么?——有5个苹果。
考查there be句型。They are他们是;These are这些是;There are有。根据“What’s in the bag?”可知,答句应使用there be句型表示存在。空后“five apples”为复数形式,故用“There are”。故选C。
2.—Are there any trees in your school?
—________.
A.Yes, there is B.Yes, there are any C.No, there isn’t D.No, there aren’t
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——你的学校里有树吗?——不,没有。
考查there be句型的一般疑问句回答。根据“Are there any trees in your school?”可知,此处为there be句型的一般疑问句形式,肯定回答为Yes, there are;否定回答为No, there aren’t。结合选项可知,此处使用否定回答。故选D。
3.—Is there a school near your home?
—________. There is a new one near my home.
A.Yes, there is. B.Yes, it is. C.No, there isn’t.
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你家附近有学校吗?——有。我家附近有一所新学校。
考查there be句型的一般疑问句回答。根据句意可知,此处是在回答家附近是否有学校,根据后句“There is a new one near my home.”可知,此处应作肯定回答,且应使用there is回答。故选A。
4.— Does Linda ________ three sisters?
— No. She ________ only one sister.
A.have; have B.have; has C.has; has
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——Linda有三个姐妹吗?——不,她只有一个姐妹。
考查一般疑问句和主谓一致。在一般疑问句“Does Linda...three sisters?”中,助动词does后需接动词原形,故第一空填have;由“Does”可知陈述句“She...only one sister.”的时态为一般现在时,且主语she是第三人称单数,所以谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式,故第二空填has。故选B。
5.(24-25七年级上·天津红桥·期末)There ________ a robot in every family in the future.
A.is B.are C.will be D.will have
【答案】C
【详解】句意:将来每个家庭都会有一个机器人。
考查There be句型。此句是There be句型,不与have连用,排除选项D;结合“in the future”可知,用一般将来时。there be句型的一般将来时,其构成形式为There will be或There is/are going to be。故选C。
6.There ________ a bookshop and two clothes shops near my home.
A.has B.have C.are D.is
【答案】D
【详解】句意:我家附近有一家书店和两家服装店。
考查there be句型及主谓一致。has有,三单形式;have有,动词原形;are是,be的复数和第二人称单数现在时形式;is是,be的第三人称单数现在时形式。分析句子结构可知,此处为there be句型,不与have连用,遵循“就近原则”,根据空后的“a bookshop”可知,此处用is。故选D。
7.There ________ a lot of orange juice in the bottle.
A.has B.have C.is D.Are
【答案】C
【详解】句意:瓶子里有很多橙汁。
考查there be句型和主谓一致。there be表示“有……”,orange juice“橙汁”,为不可数名词,be动词用is。故选C。
8.—There ________a new library in our city next year.
—Really? I can’t wait to see it.
A.are B.will have C.will be
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——明年我们城市将会有一个新图书馆。——真的吗?我迫不及待想看看它了。
考查there be句型和一般将来时。根据“There…a new library”可知,此处是there be句型,next year表示“明年”,需要用一般将来时,其结构为“will+动词原形”。故选C。
9.There ________ only a little milk and several eggs in the fridge. Let’s get some.
A.is B.are C.have D.has
【答案】A
【详解】句意:冰箱里只有一点牛奶和几个鸡蛋了。我们去买一些吧。
考查there be句型和主谓一致。根据“There...only a little milk and several eggs in the fridge.”可知,句子是there be句型,遵循“就近原则”,“a little milk”为不可数名词,谓语动词用单数形式,be动词用is。故选A。
10.—There is going to ________ a report on Chinese geography tomorrow.
—What ________ news!
A.have; exciting B.be; exciting C.be; excited
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——明天将有一场关于中国地理的报告。——多么令人兴奋的消息啊!
考查there be句型以及形容词辨析。exciting令人兴奋的,形容词,修饰物;excited感到兴奋的,形容词,修饰人。根据“there is going to”可知,此处是“there be going to be”固定句型,第一空需用be;根据“news”可知,需用exciting修饰。故选B。
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
11.There (be) many students in the classroom now.
【答案】are
【详解】句意:现在教室里有很多学生。根据“now”可知,此处介绍现在的状态,时态应用一般现在时;主语“many students”是复数,be动词使用are。故填are。
12.— (be) there many apples in the garden?
— No, there (be). Only a few.
【答案】 Are aren’t
【详解】句意:——花园里有很多苹果吗?——没有,只有几个。根据“many apples”可知,be动词应用复数形式,即are,置于句首首字母大写;根据“No”,可知,此处为否定回答,be的复数否定形式为aren’t。故填Are;aren’t。
13.There (be) a number of workers in the hall now.
【答案】are
【详解】句意:昨天大厅里有许多工人。根据句中的“There…a number of workers”和“now”可知,该句为there be句型的一般现在时,主语是“a number of workers”,所以be动词用are。故填are。
14.There (be) a pen and two pencils on the table.
【答案】is
【详解】句意:桌子上有一支钢笔和两支铅笔。此题考查there be句型的就近原则,是指谓语动词的形式要与靠近它的主语保持一致。因此这题要与主语a pen保持一致,a pen“一支钢笔”是单数作主语,因此be动词用is。故填is。
15.There (be) five buildings in our school.
【答案】are
【详解】句意:我们学校有五栋建筑。根据语境可知,时态为一般现在时;在There be句型中be动词形式由后边名词决定,buildings为可数名词复数,be动词应用are。故填are。
16.There (be) a little milk in the bottle.
【答案】is
【详解】句意:瓶子里有一点牛奶。考查there be句型,milk“牛奶”是不可数名词,因此be动词用is。故填is。
三、句型转换
17.There is a blackboard in the classroom. (改为否定句)
There a blackboard in the classroom.
【答案】 is not
【详解】句意:教室里有一块黑板。此处为there be句型,变否定句时,直接在be动词is后加not。故填is;not。
18.(24-25七年级上·河南洛阳·期末)Is there a library across from the school hall? (否定回答)
No, .
【答案】 there isn’t
【详解】句意:学校礼堂对面有图书馆吗?句子为there be句型的一般疑问句形式,时态为一般现在时。作否定回答需借助否定词not,is not可缩写为isn’t。故填there;isn’t。
19.(24-25七年级上·广东广州·期末)一年有四个季节,陈明最喜欢秋天。
four seasons in a year, and Chen Ming likes autumn best.
【答案】【小题1】There 【小题2】are
【详解】根据中英对照,横线处表示“有”,某地有某物,用“There be”句型,位于句首,首字母要大写;由于“four seasons”是复数,时态为一般现在时,be用are。故填There;are。
20.The building has 15 floors. (改为同义句)
15 floors in the building.
【答案】 There are
【详解】句意:这座楼有15层。原句中的“The building has”可以改写为“There be”句型来表示“有”的意思,句子为一般现在时,空后的主语“15 floors”为复数,be动词用are。故填There;are。
21.There’s something wrong with my mobile phone. (改成否定句)
wrong with my mobile phone.
【答案】 There isn’t anything
【详解】句意:我的手机出问题了。原句为肯定句,使用there be句型表示“存在有”,be动词为is,改为否定句时,需在is后加not,即isn’t;同时,肯定句中的something(某事/某物)在否定句中需变为anything(任何事/物),表示“没有任何事/物出问题”。“There”保持不变。故填There;isn’t;anything。
22.There is a doll on the bed. (改为一般疑问句)
a doll on the bed?
【答案】 Is there
【详解】句意:床上有一个洋娃娃。句子为there be句型,变为一般疑问句将be动词“is”提到there前面,开头首字母大写。故填Is;there。
重难突破(测试时间:10分钟)
1、 单项选择
1.(24-25七年级上·安徽合肥·期末)—There ________ a lot of new magazines in our school reading room.
—Oh, really? Shall we go there this afternoon?
A.is B.are C.was D.were
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——我们学校阅览室里有很多新杂志。—— 哦,真的吗?我们今天下午去那里好吗?
考查there be句型的主谓一致。根据“There...a lot of new magazines in our school reading room.”可知,句子属于“There be句型”,遵循“就近原则”,主语“a lot of new magazines”是复数,且对话描述当前情况,时态应用一般现在时,be动词应用are。故选B。
2.(24-25七年级上·吉林长春·期末)There ________ some beautiful flowers on the teacher’s desk.
A.is B.has C.are D.have
【答案】C
【详解】句意:老师的桌子上有一些漂亮的花。
考查there be句型。there be句型不能和have/has连用,排除选项B和D;主语“some beautiful flowers”为复数,be动词用are。故选C。
3.There ________ a foreign teacher and some students talking about Chinese tea.
A.has B.have C.are D.is
【答案】D
【详解】句意:有一位外教和一些学生在谈论中国茶。
考查There be句型。has有,第三人称单数形式;have有,动词原形;are是,用于第二人称单复数现在时,第一、三人称复数现在时;is是,用于第三人称单数现在时。根据题干“There…a foreign teacher and some students talking about Chinese tea.”可知是There be句型,不能与have/has连用,故排除选项A和B;There be句型需遵循就近原则,空后的“a foreign teacher”为单数,空处应填is。故选D。
4.If we do nothing, soon there will ________ no giant pandas in the world.
A.has B.have C.be D.being
【答案】C
【详解】句意:如果我们不做任何事,将来就不会再有大熊猫了。
考查there be句型。表示“某地有某物”用“there be+名词”的句型,和have不能同时使用。选项A、B和D错误。根据“will”可知讲述的是将来的动作,用“will be”或“be going to be”。故选C。
5.In 50 years there ________ more robots in people’s homes.
A.were B.will have C.will be D.have
【答案】C
【详解】句意:50年后,人们的家中将会有更多的机器人。
考查there be句型的一般将来时。根据“In 50 years there…more robots in people’s homes.”可知,此处时态为一般将来时,其结构为will+动词原形;结合空前的there可知,此处为there be句型。故选C。
6.There ________ any eggs in the fridge. I need to buy some.
A.are B.aren’t C.haven’t D.isn’t
【答案】B
【详解】句意:冰箱里没有鸡蛋了。我需要买一些。
考查There be句型。are是,用于第二人称单复数现在时,第一、三人称复数现在时;aren’t不是,用于第二人称单复数现在时,第一、三人称复数现在时;haven’t没有;isn’t不是,be动词的三单形式。根据any 和“I need to buy some.”可知,此处表示否定;there be句型中be动词的数遵循“就近原则”,eggs是名词复数,所以此处用aren’t。故选B。
7.How many members ______ in your reading group?
A.are there B.there is C.is there D.there are
【答案】A
【详解】句意:你们阅读组有多少成员?
考查there be句型用法。根据“How many members...in your reading group?”可知,本句为特殊疑问句,there be句型中be动词需放在there之前,members“成员”为名词复数,be动词需are。故选A。
8.There ________ a bag of apples on the table.
A.are B.is C.be
【答案】B
【详解】句意:桌子上有一袋苹果。
考查be动词用法。are是,用于复数;is是,用于单数;be是,原形。a bag of apples意为“一袋苹果”,a bag为单数形式,be动词需用is。故选B。
9.(24-25七年级上·吉林长春·期末)________ 20 girls in my class, and I ________ two good friends of them.
A.There have; are B.There have; have C.There is; are D.There are; have
【答案】D
【详解】句意:我班上有20个女孩,他们中有我的两个好朋友。
考查there be结构以及have的用法。根据“20 girls in my class”可知,本句为there be句型,表示“某地有某物”,排除选项A和B;20 girls为名词复数,be动词需are,排除选项C;根据“I...two good friends of them”可知,此处指我“有”两个朋友,用动词have。故选D。
10.There ________ an English party _________ the evening of Halloween.
A.is going to be; in B.is going to be; on C.will be; in D.will have; on
【答案】B
【详解】句意:万圣节晚上将有一个英语派对。
考查将来时态和介词用法。根据“the evening of Halloween”可知,句子描述的是将来某个具体时间(万圣节晚上)会发生的事情,there be句型将来时结构为“there is/are going to be”。此外,表示具体某一天的晚上用介词“on”,而不是“in”。故选B。
2、 用所给词的适当形式填空
11.There (be) a meeting tomorrow. Would you like to come?
【答案】will be/is going to be
【详解】句意:明天有个会议。你想来吗?根据“tomorrow”可知,此处为there be句型的一般将来时结构,且主语为“a meeting”,应用there will be/there is going to be。故填will be/is going to be。
12.The passage is easy. There (be) no new words in it.
【答案】are
【详解】句意:这篇文章很容易。里面没有生词。此处为there be句型,句子为一般现在时,主语为“new words”,be动词应用are。故填are。
13.There (be) a lot of water in the river, but most of it is polluted.
【答案】is
【详解】句意:这条河里有很多水,但大部分都被污染了。考查there be句型,water是不可数名词,there be句型中be动词用is。故填is。
14.There (be) lots of snow in winter.
【答案】is
【详解】句意:冬天有很多雪。本句描述的是自然现象即客观事实,时态应用一般现在时。there be句型中,be动词的单复数形式由后面的主语决定。本句的主语lots of snow为不可数名词,因此空格处要用be动词的单数形式,即is。故填is。
15.If there (be) fewer trees, there ( may be) more pollution.
【答案】 are may be
【详解】句意:如果树木更少,就可能会有更多污染。if引导的条件状语从句,主句含情态动词,从句用一般现在时。从句there be句型的主语为trees,是复数,be动词用are;主句情态动词may后接be动词原形。故填are;may be。
16.There (be) at least eight more high-speed railways in Wuxi in five years.
【答案】will be
【详解】句意:五年内,无锡将至少再增加八条高速铁路。根据“in Wuxi in five years”可知,用一般将来时“will do”,there be句型用于一般将来时,结构为“there will be”。故填will be。
3、 句型转换
17.There are three people waiting for the bus. (对画线部分提问)
people waiting for the bus?
【答案】 How many are there
【详解】句意:有三个人在等公共汽车。画线部分“three”表示可数名词“people”的数量,对可数名词的数量提问要用疑问词组how many。原句是There be句型,变为疑问句时将be动词“are”提到there之前。故填How;many;are;there。
18.The library is across from the student centre. (改为同义句)
a library across from the student centre.
【答案】 There is
【详解】句意:图书馆在学生中心的对面。此句可表述为“在学生中心对面有一个图书馆”,there be“有”,句子时态为一般现在时,主语“a library”是单数,be动词用“is”。故填There;is。
19.There are no pens on the teacher’s desk. (改为同义句)
There pens on the teacher’s desk.
【答案】 aren’t any
【详解】句意:老师的桌子上没有钢笔。“no + 可数名词复数”表示“没有某物”,其同义表达为“be动词否定形式 + any + 可数名词复数”。原句be动词为are,否定形式是aren’t,any用于否定句修饰可数名词复数,二者含义一致可互换。故填aren’t;any。
20.There are some hospitals in our city. (改为一般疑问句)
hospitals in our city?
【答案】 Are there any
【详解】句意:我们城市里有一些医院。根据“There are some hospitals in our city”可知,改为一般疑问句时,需将系动词“are”提前至句首,并将“some”改为“any”,因为一般疑问句中通常使用“any”表示不确定的数量。故填Are;there;any。
易混易错(测试时间:10分钟)
1、 单项选择
1.There ________ any books on your desk.
A.aren’t B.isn’t C.don’t D.doesn’t
【答案】A
【详解】句意:你的桌子上没有书。
考查there be句型的否定句。根据“There…any books on your desk.”可知,此处为there be句型,遵循就近原则,不与do连用,变否定句时在be动词后加not,books为名词复数形式,be动词用are。故选A。
2.There ________ a new film in the local cinema this weekend. Why not ________ your friends to see it?
A.will have; invite B.is going to be; invite
C.are going to be; to invite D.will be; to invite
【答案】B
【详解】句意:这个周末当地影院将上映一部新电影。为什么不邀请你的朋友去看呢?
考查there be句型的一般将来时和固定搭配。根据“a new film in the local cinema this weekend”可知,电影还没上映,应用一般将来时,a new film是单数,be动词用is,there be句型的一般将来时为“there will be”或“there is going to be”。why not do sth.为固定搭配,表示“为什么不做某事”,接动词原形。故选B。
3.—________ there ________ a class meeting tomorrow?
—Maybe. I saw our teacher writing his speech just now.
A.Will; have B.Does; have C.Will; be
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——明天有班会吗?——也许吧。我刚才看到老师在写讲稿。
考查there be句型和一般将来时。Will; have将会有,一般疑问句,一般将来时;Does; have有,一般疑问句,一般现在时;Will; be有,一般将来时。根据“...there...a class meeting tomorrow?”可知,表达“某时存在某物”用there be句型,结合tomorrow可知,用一般将来时,there will be为there be的一般将来时,变为一般疑问句把will提前到句首。故选C。
4.(24-25七年级上·甘肃白银·期末)—There ________ a DIY competition at nine next Monday.
—I’ll take part in it on time.
A.was B.are C.will be D.were
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——下周一九点将有一场DIY比赛。——我将会准时参加它。
考查一般将来时。根据“There...a DIY competition at nine next Monday.”可知,此处是there be句型,时态为一般将来时(结构:will+动词原形),所以空处使用will be。故选C。
5.There ________ a meeting this evening.
A.will be going to B.will going to C.is going to be D.will have
【答案】C
【详解】句意:今晚将有一个会议。
考查there be句型的一般将来时。根据“There ... a meeting this evening”可知,句子是there be句型的将来时,其结构为there will be或there is going to be。故选C。
6.(24-25七年级上·江苏宿迁·期末)We hope there ________ war in the world. Everyone can live a happy life.
A.will not have B.is not going to have C.is going to be D.will not be
【答案】D
【详解】句意:我们希望世界上不会有战争。每个人都能过上幸福的生活。
考查there be句型的一般将来时及否定形式。根据空前“there”可知,此处考查there be句型,结合选项分析,这里是there be句型的一般将来时,其结构为there will be或there is/are going to be,排除A和B;再根据下文“Everyone can live a happy life.”可知,每个人都能过上幸福的生活,所以这里是人们希望没有战争,应用否定形式,排除C。故选D。
7.(24-25七年级上·海南海口·期末)There _______ many new books in the library. I want to get some to read.
A.are B.is C.be
【答案】A
【详解】句意:图书馆里有许多新书。我想借一些看。
考查there be句型。主语books是复数形式,be动词用复数形式are,故选A。
8.(24-25七年级上·黑龙江绥化·期末)There ________ a small bowl of porridge and an egg on the table.
A.has B.is C.are
【答案】B
【详解】句意:桌子上有一小碗粥和一个鸡蛋。
考查there be句型。根据“There...a small bowl of porridge...”可知,本句为there be句型,遵循就近原则。a small bowl of porridge为单数形式,需用is。故选B。
9.(24-25七年级上·江苏盐城·期末)There ________ any bottles of juice in the fridge, but there is some tea in the kitchen.
A.aren’t B.isn’t C.are D.is
【答案】A
【详解】句意:冰箱里没有任何果汁,但厨房里有一些茶。
考查there be句型。bottles是复数名词,因此需要用are或其否定形式。根据“any”提示,句子表否定,故空格处应用aren’t。故选A。
2、 句型转换
10.There is one glass of milk on the table.(变一般疑问句并作出否定回答)
one glass of milk on the table?
No, .
【答案】 Is there there isn’t
【详解】句意:桌子上有一杯牛奶。There be 句型变一般疑问句规则:将be动词(is/are)提前到句首,句末加问号即 Is/Are there…? 原句主语是 “one glass of milk”(不可数名词用单数形式),所以用 is。所以①填Is ,②填there 。There be 句型一般疑问句的否定回答用 No, there isn’t. 所以③填there ,④填isn’t。故填 Is;there;there;isn’t。
11.He has a flag in his hand.(同义句转换)
a flag in his hand.
【答案】 There is
【详解】句意:他手里有一面旗帜。表达 “某人有某物” ,可以表达为“sb have/has sth”,还可以用 “There be” 句型,“There be” 句型中,be动词的单复数由后面的名词决定,“a flag” 是单数,所以be动词用is ,故填There ;is。
12.There are some trees in our school. (改为一般疑问句)
trees in your school?
【答案】 Are there any
【详解】句意:我们学校有一些树。分析原句可知,此处考查there be句型,该句变为一般疑问句,需要把be动词are提到句首,首字母要大写,并且把some变为any。故填Are;there;any。
13.There’s only one loaf of bread in the fridge now. (对划线部分提问)
How of bread there in the fridge?
【答案】 many loaves are
【详解】句意:现在冰箱里只有一条面包了。划线部分为数量,且loaf“一条”为可数名词,对此提问应用how many,后接名词复数形式loaves;原句为there be句型,在特殊疑问句中应转换为be there,时态为一般现在时,主语为复数,be动词用are。故填many;loaves;are。
14.(24-25七年级上·江苏泰州·期末)We have many interesting events on the sports field.(同义句转换)
many interesting events on our sports field.
【答案】 There are
【详解】句意:我们在运动场上有许多有趣的活动。there be“有”,句首首字母大写,句子的时态为一般现在时,主语为“many interesting events”,be动词用are。故填There;are。
15.There are two cinemas in that town. (next year) (用括号中的单词或短语改写句子的时态)
【答案】There will be two cinemas in that town next year./There are going to be two cinemas in that town next year.
【详解】句意:那个镇上有两家电影院。根据时间状语next year,需使用一般将来时态。There be句型的一般将来时态有两种形式:There will be…和There is/are going to be…。由于two cinemas是复数,be going to结构中需用are。故填There will be two cinemas in that town next year./There are going to be two cinemas in that town next year.
三、句子翻译
16.有志者事竟成。
there is a will, is a way.
【答案】 Where there
【详解】结合中英文提示可知,此处考查固定习语:Where there is a will, there is a way“有志者事竟成”,故填Where;there。
17.下个星期一将会有一场足球比赛。
a football match next Monday.
【答案】 There is going to be
【详解】根据中英文对比可知,缺少“将会有”的意思,应为there be句型的一般将来时:there will be/there be going to be“某地将有某事发生”,且主语为三单,there is going to be符合。故填There;is;going;to;be。
18.(24-25七年级上·广东江门·期末)我们的图书馆有成百上千册图书。
books in our library.
【答案】There are hundreds of
【详解】根据题干可知,空处缺少“有成百上千”,此处表示某地有某物,应用There be句型,空后为复数名词,时态为一般现在时,be动词应用are;用短语hundreds of表示“成百上千”。故填There are hundreds of。
19.动物园里有许多不同种类的动物。
many different kinds of animals in the zoo.
【答案】There are
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,英文句子应用There be句型表示“某地有某物”,此处表示现在存在的情况,应用一般现在时,主语many different kinds of animals表示复数,所以应用be动词are。故填There are。
20.赶快!没多少时间了。
Hurry up! time.
【答案】 There is little
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,空处缺少“没多少了”,可以用there be句型表示,结合“Hurry up!”可知,应用一般现在时,主语time为不可数名词,所以be动词用is,little time表示“没多少时间”。故填There;is;little。
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专题03 存现句:there be句式(期末复习讲义)
单元
语法点
常考题型
命题趋势
Unit 2
存现句There be:就近原则(be动词的选择);be动词的时态;与have/has的区别
1.单项选择
2.所给词的适当形式填空
3.句型转换
4.句子翻译
1. 语境化考查成为主:通过短对话、小语段,让学生结合上下文判断 be 动词形式、句式转换,重点考实际运用而非机械记忆。
2.突出细节辨析:高频考查就近原则、与 have/has 的误用、时态判断、some/any 场景区分,设置易混干扰项,检验对规则细节的精准掌握。
3. 综合能力导向:要求学生在不同答题场景中灵活调用 there be 知识,综合检验语法运用与语言输出能力。
知识点01 主谓一致:就近原则
主谓一致:be 动词的单复数由离它最近的名词(即主语)决定,遵循 “就近原则”。
主语为单数可数名词 / 不可数名词 → be 动词用 is/was
主语为复数可数名词 → be 动词用 are/were
易|错|点|拨
1、忽略就近原则,受后置复数名词干扰
❌ There are a pen and two books on the desk. → ✅ There is a pen and two books on the desk.
2、不可数名词前有数量词修饰时混淆
❌ There are some water in the bottle. → ✅ There is some water in the bottle.
3、复数形式的单数名词作主语时误判
❌ There are a pair of shoes under the bed. → ✅ There is a pair of shoes under the bed.
解|题|技|巧
定位核心主语:找到 be 动词后第一个名词 / 名词短语,这是决定 be 动词形式的唯一依据。
判断主语单复数:
1.可数名词单数 / 不可数名词 / 单数概念的不定代词(something、nobody 等)→ 用 is/was
2.可数名词复数 / 复数概念的不定代词(many、several 等修饰的名词)→ 用 are/were
3.量词短语(a pair of、a bottle of 等)→ 以量词的单复数为准
验证时态匹配:根据句子时间状语确定时态,再结合主语单复数锁定最终答案。
【即时检测】
1.There (be) a pen and two pencils on the table.
【答案】is
【详解】句意:桌子上有一支钢笔和两支铅笔。此题考查there be句型的就近原则,是指谓语动词的形式要与靠近它的主语保持一致。因此这题要与主语a pen保持一致,a pen“一支钢笔”是单数作主语,因此be动词用is。故填is。
知识点02 There be 句式的时态
There be 句型的时态变化完全体现在 be 动词上,不同时态对应不同的 be 动词形式:
时态类型
结 构
时间状语标志词
一般现在时
There is/are + 主语 + 状语
now, usually, every day等
一般过去时
There was/were + 主语 + 状语
yesterday, last..., in 2020, just now 等
一般将来时
1. There will be + 主语 + 状语
2. There is/are going to be + 主语 + 状语
tomorrow, next..., in the future, soon
易|错|点|拨
1、时态误判
❌ There is a concert last night. → ✅ There was a concert last night.
2、否定句中 some 未变 any
❌There isn’t some water in the glass.→ ✅There isn’t any water in the glass.
解|题|技|巧
根据时间状语判断时态:牢记一般现在时、一般将来时、一般过去时的时态标志
根据就近原则确定: be 动词形式:区分主语单复数、判断be动词的形式
【即时检测】
1.In 50 years there ________ more robots in people’s homes.
A.were B.will have C.will be D.have
【答案】C
【详解】句意:50年后,人们的家中将会有更多的机器人。
考查there be句型的一般将来时。根据“In 50 years there…more robots in people’s homes.”可知,此处时态为一般将来时,其结构为will+动词原形;结合空前的there可知,此处为there be句型。故选C。
知识点03 There be 句式与have/has的区别
1. 区别:
There be句型:表客观存在:某地 / 某时 “有” 某物
Have / has :表所属关系:某人 / 某物 “拥有” 某物
2. 句式结构:
There be句型:There + be 动词 + 主语(事物)+ 地点 / 时间状语
Have / has :主语(拥有者)+ have/has + 宾语(被拥有物)
3. 时态对应:
There be句型:时态变化体现在be 动词上:一般现在时:is/are、一般过去时:was/were
一般将来时:will be /is/are going to be
Have / has :时态变化体现在have/has上:一般现在时:have/has一般过去时:had
一般将来时:will have /be going to have
例句
There is a book on the desk.(存在:桌子上有一本书 → 强调书的位置)
I have a book.(拥有:我有一本书 → 强调书的归属)
易|错|点|拨
1、混用 “存在” 与 “拥有” 逻辑
❌ There has a computer in the room. → ✅ There is a computer in the room.
2、将来时结构混淆
❌There is going to have a sports meeting.→ ✅There is going to be a sports meeting.
3、 事物作主语时的语境混淆
❌The classroom has 50 desks.→ ✅There are 50 desks in the classroom.
解|题|技|巧
判断逻辑关系:若句子包含“地点 / 时间状语”,强调 “某物在某处”,用 There be
若句子主语是“人 / 动物 / 集体名词”,强调 “谁拥有什么” ,用 have/has
匹配时态与结构:确定时态、对应选择正确形式
【即时检测】
1.There ________ some beautiful flowers on the teacher’s desk.
A.is B.has C.are D.have
【答案】C
【详解】句意:老师的桌子上有一些漂亮的花。
考查there be句型。there be句型不能和have/has连用,排除选项B和D;主语“some beautiful flowers”为复数,be动词用are。故选C。
基础通关(测试时间:10分钟)
一、单项选择
1.—What’s in the bag?
—________ five apples.
A.They are B.These are C.There are
2.—Are there any trees in your school?
—________.
A.Yes, there is B.Yes, there are any C.No, there isn’t D.No, there aren’t
3.—Is there a school near your home?
—________. There is a new one near my home.
A.Yes, there is. B.Yes, it is. C.No, there isn’t.
4.— Does Linda ________ three sisters?
— No. She ________ only one sister.
A.have; have B.have; has C.has; has
5.(24-25七年级上·天津红桥·期末)There ________ a robot in every family in the future.
A.is B.are C.will be D.will have
6.There ________ a bookshop and two clothes shops near my home.
A.has B.have C.are D.is
7.There ________ a lot of orange juice in the bottle.
A.has B.have C.is D.Are
8.—There ________a new library in our city next year.
—Really? I can’t wait to see it.
A.are B.will have C.will be
9.There ________ only a little milk and several eggs in the fridge. Let’s get some.
A.is B.are C.have D.has
10.—There is going to ________ a report on Chinese geography tomorrow.
—What ________ news!
A.have; exciting B.be; exciting C.be; excited
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
11.There (be) many students in the classroom now.
12.— (be) there many apples in the garden?
— No, there (be). Only a few.
13.There (be) a number of workers in the hall now.
14.There (be) a pen and two pencils on the table.
15.There (be) five buildings in our school.
16.There (be) a little milk in the bottle.
三、句型转换
17.There is a blackboard in the classroom. (改为否定句)
There a blackboard in the classroom.
18.(24-25七年级上·河南洛阳·期末)Is there a library across from the school hall? (否定回答)
No, .
19.(24-25七年级上·广东广州·期末)一年有四个季节,陈明最喜欢秋天。
four seasons in a year, and Chen Ming likes autumn best.
20.The building has 15 floors. (改为同义句)
15 floors in the building.
21.There’s something wrong with my mobile phone. (改成否定句)
wrong with my mobile phone.
22.There is a doll on the bed. (改为一般疑问句)
a doll on the bed?
重难突破(测试时间:10分钟)
1、 单项选择
1.(24-25七年级上·安徽合肥·期末)—There ________ a lot of new magazines in our school reading room.
—Oh, really? Shall we go there this afternoon?
A.is B.are C.was D.were
2.(24-25七年级上·吉林长春·期末)There ________ some beautiful flowers on the teacher’s desk.
A.is B.has C.are D.have
3.There ________ a foreign teacher and some students talking about Chinese tea.
A.has B.have C.are D.is
4.If we do nothing, soon there will ________ no giant pandas in the world.
A.has B.have C.be D.being
5.In 50 years there ________ more robots in people’s homes.
A.were B.will have C.will be D.have
6.There ________ any eggs in the fridge. I need to buy some.
A.are B.aren’t C.haven’t D.isn’t
7.How many members ______ in your reading group?
A.are there B.there is C.is there D.there are
8.There ________ a bag of apples on the table.
A.are B.is C.be
9.(24-25七年级上·吉林长春·期末)________ 20 girls in my class, and I ________ two good friends of them.
A.There have; are B.There have; have C.There is; are D.There are; have
10.There ________ an English party _________ the evening of Halloween.
A.is going to be; in B.is going to be; on C.will be; in D.will have; on
2、 用所给词的适当形式填空
11.There (be) a meeting tomorrow. Would you like to come?
12.The passage is easy. There (be) no new words in it.
13.There (be) a lot of water in the river, but most of it is polluted.
14.There (be) lots of snow in winter.
15.If there (be) fewer trees, there ( may be) more pollution.
16.There (be) at least eight more high-speed railways in Wuxi in five years.
3、 句型转换
17.There are three people waiting for the bus. (对画线部分提问)
people waiting for the bus?
18.The library is across from the student centre. (改为同义句)
a library across from the student centre.
19.There are no pens on the teacher’s desk. (改为同义句)
There pens on the teacher’s desk.
20.There are some hospitals in our city. (改为一般疑问句)
hospitals in our city?
易混易错(测试时间:10分钟)
1、 单项选择
1.There ________ any books on your desk.
A.aren’t B.isn’t C.don’t D.doesn’t
2.There ________ a new film in the local cinema this weekend. Why not ________ your friends to see it?
A.will have; invite B.is going to be; invite
C.are going to be; to invite D.will be; to invite
3.—________ there ________ a class meeting tomorrow?
—Maybe. I saw our teacher writing his speech just now.
A.Will; have B.Does; have C.Will; be
4.(24-25七年级上·甘肃白银·期末)—There ________ a DIY competition at nine next Monday.
—I’ll take part in it on time.
A.was B.are C.will be D.were
5.There ________ a meeting this evening.
A.will be going to B.will going to C.is going to be D.will have
6.(24-25七年级上·江苏宿迁·期末)We hope there ________ war in the world. Everyone can live a happy life.
A.will not have B.is not going to have C.is going to be D.will not be
7.(24-25七年级上·海南海口·期末)There _______ many new books in the library. I want to get some to read.
A.are B.is C.be
8.(24-25七年级上·黑龙江绥化·期末)There ________ a small bowl of porridge and an egg on the table.
A.has B.is C.are
9.(24-25七年级上·江苏盐城·期末)There ________ any bottles of juice in the fridge, but there is some tea in the kitchen.
A.aren’t B.isn’t C.are D.is
2、 句型转换
10.There is one glass of milk on the table.(变一般疑问句并作出否定回答)
one glass of milk on the table?
No, .
11.He has a flag in his hand.(同义句转换)
a flag in his hand.
12.There are some trees in our school. (改为一般疑问句)
trees in your school?
13.There’s only one loaf of bread in the fridge now. (对划线部分提问)
How of bread there in the fridge?
14.(24-25七年级上·江苏泰州·期末)We have many interesting events on the sports field.(同义句转换)
many interesting events on our sports field.
15.There are two cinemas in that town. (next year) (用括号中的单词或短语改写句子的时态)
三、句子翻译
16.有志者事竟成。
there is a will, is a way.
17.下个星期一将会有一场足球比赛。
a football match next Monday.
18.(24-25七年级上·广东江门·期末)我们的图书馆有成百上千册图书。
books in our library.
19.动物园里有许多不同种类的动物。
many different kinds of animals in the zoo.
20.赶快!没多少时间了。
Hurry up! time.
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