Unit1 Science and Scientists单元章节检测（A卷）-2025--2026学年高二英语人教版选择性必修第二册

Unit 1 大单元检测卷·A卷 一、单词拼写，本大题共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分。 1. I refuse to accept the blame for something that was someone else's __________ (过错). 2. The soldiers were determined to __________ (保卫) their homeland, no matter how difficult it was. 3. We should make __________ (具体的) analysis of each specific question. 4. I have such a good command of English that I was elected as an __________ (助手) to my English teacher. 5. As is known to us all, Yuan Longping is an __________ (优秀的) Chinese scientist in agriculture. 6. __________ (此外), we should fight against those bad books that are harmful to our spirits. 7. Even if you are __________ (有天赋的), you should also work hard to improve yourself. 8. Further __________ (证据) is needed to make sure such drugs do no harm to our health. 9. Our scientists have made __________ (重大的) advances in the research on COVID-19 vaccines. 10. Air, water, clothing and insects are all possible means of __________ (传染). 二、语法填空，本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。 11. Decent table manners are of great __________ (important), and be sure to say "please" and "thank you" often. 12. Now that the plan has been made, let's get down to __________ (carry) it out. 13. I was ready to go on a long holiday __________ I received the admission letter from my dream company. 14. When you feel lost, try to do some __________ (think) about what your real goals are. 15. __________ (initial) discovered in the late1920s, the Sanxingdui Ruins site has been called one of the greatest archaeological finds of the 20th century. 16. Nowadays the priority for travelling __________ (shift) from shopping to food and scenery. 17. It has been argued that __________ (gift) children should be grouped in special classes. 18. While your phone is a worthy __________ (assist), there's no substitute for a real camera when it comes to taking the perfect picture. 19. It is known to us all that China is no longer __________ she used to be. 20. The debate between them was __________ it was worthwhile to afford the extra expense of hiring an expensive apartment. 21. What is on display is one of the oldest working __________ (mechanic) clocks in the world. 22. Body language can give away a lot about your thoughts — for example, standing with your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being __________ (defend). 23. The story of the two young men is described __________ (vivid) in this novel. 24. Genetic disease will be cured in embryos (胚胎) by replacing __________ (fault) sections of DNA with healthy DNA. 25. The __________ (astronomy) is delighted that China has made great achievements in the field of astronomy. 三、翻译题，本大题共5小题，每小题4分，共20分。 26. 当你疲劳的时候，没有什么比好好休息一下更好的了。(否定词+比较级) _____________________________________________________ than a good rest when you are tired. 27. 当被问到积极的态度是否能延缓衰老时，我总是会说“是”。(状语从句的省略) _____________________________________________________, I always say yes. 28. 我们都希望自己成为让父母将来感到骄傲的人。(“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句) We all expect ourselves to become someone ______________________________________________. 29. 很明显，我们必须用其他方法来解决这个问题。(It is + adj. + that...) __________________________________________________________________________________ 30. 旅行不仅能开阔我们的视野，还能放松我们的身心。(not only...but also...,倒装) __________________________________________________________________________________ 四、阅读理解，本大题共4小题，每小题2.5分，共10分。 There's a new AI bot (自动程序): ChatGPT, and you'd better pay attention, even if you aren't into artificial intelligence. The tool is an AI chatbot system that Open AI released in November 2022 to show off and test what a very large, powerful AI system can achieve. ChatGPT remembers the thread (贯穿的主线) of your dialogue, using previous questions and answers to inform its next responses. It obtains its answers from huge volumes of information on the Internet. You can ask ChatGPT anything, like explaining physics, asking for birthday party ideas and getting programming help. Perhaps it's not smart enough to replace all humans yet, but it can be creative, and its answers sound reliable. A few days after its launch, more than 1 million people were trying out ChatGPT. UBS analyst Lloyd Walmsley estimated in February 2023 that ChatGPT reached 100 million monthly users in January, 2 months after its launch. ChatGPT is free to use at the moment because it is still in its research phase. But when too many people use the server, it will be overloaded and can't process your request. It just means you should try visiting the site at a later time when fewer people are trying to access it. If you want to skip the wait and have reliable access, there is an option for you. As of Feb. 1, 2023, Open AI has a ChatGPT pro plan, ChatGPT Plus, which allows users to have general access even during peak times. This service does come at a cost of $20/month. However, ChatGPT cannot replace search engines. ChatGPT is an artificial intelligence robot that provides solutions to your questions, but on a search engine you can search for as much information as possible. ChatGPT has limited knowledge due to its programming but a search engine has unlimited knowledge which is updated every day. 31. What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us about ChatGPT? A. Its working theory. B. Its language model. C. Its design inspiration. D. Its development process. 32. Why does the author list figures in Paragraph 3? A. To show the popularity of ChatGPT. B. To stress the high cost of inventing ChatGPT. C. To present the creativity of artificial intelligence. D. To prove the necessity of developing tools for chatting online. 33. What is ChatGPT Plus intended for? A. Guiding users on how to use free services. B. Allowing net surfers to skip advertisements. C. Enabling users to access the server during peak hours. D. Helping researchers detect the failure of the system. 34. What is a limitation of ChatGPT compared with search engines? A. It may provide replies unrelated to the questions. B. It can only update information at a fixed time. C. It needs a longer time to provide solutions. D. It operates on the basis of limited data. 五、书面表达，共25分。 假定你是李华，你的美国朋友John发来邮件，提到他为中国所取得的科技成就感到无比钦佩，想了解一些中国科学家的事迹。请你用英语给他写一封邮件，为他介绍一位你最喜欢的中国科学家，内容包括： 1. 生平简介； 2. 主要成就； 注意：1. 词数80词左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 英语·单元检测A卷·第 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 答案及解析 一、单词拼写 1. 答案：fault 解析：句意：我拒绝为别人的错误买单。fault过错。 2. 答案：defend 解析：句意：这些士兵下定决心不管多么难也要保卫祖国。be determined to do sth. 下定决心做某事，故设空处用动词原形。defend保卫；防守；辩解。 3. 答案：concrete 解析：句意：我们应该具体问题具体分析。concrete确实的；具体的。 4. 答案：assistant 解析：句意：我如此精通英语，以至于被选为英语老师的助手。assistant助理；助手。 5. 答案：outstanding 解析：句意：众所周知，袁隆平是一位杰出的中国农业科学家。outstanding优秀的；杰出的。 6. 答案：Furthermore/Besides 解析：句意：此外，我们应该抵制那些对我们精神有害的书。furthermore此外；另外。 7. 答案：gifted 解析：句意：即使你有天赋，你也应该努力奋斗以提升自己。gifted有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的。 8. 答案：proof 解析：句意：需要进一步的证据来确保这样的药物对我们的健康没有伤害。proof证据；证明。 9. 答案：substantial 解析：句意：我们的科学家在新冠肺炎疫苗研究方面取得了巨大的进步。substantial大量的；价值巨大的；重大的。 10. 答案：infection 解析：句意：空气、水、衣服和昆虫都是可能的传染媒介。infection感染；传染，作介词of的宾语。 二、语法填空 11. 答案：importance 解析：考查词形转换。句意：得体的餐桌礼仪非常重要，一定要经常说“请”和“谢谢”。“be of +名词”相当于“be+该名词所对应的形容词”，故填importance。 12. 答案：carrying 解析：考查非谓语动词。get down to doing sth. 意为 “开始做某事”，故填carrying。 13. 答案：when 解析：考查固定句型。句意：我正打算度个长假，突然收到了梦寐以求的公司的入职信。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，此处考查“be ready to do sth. when…”句型，意为 “正打算做某事，这时突然……”。故填when。 14. 答案：thinking 解析：考查词形转换。句意：当你不知所措的时候，尝试思考一下你真正的目标是什么。do some thinking的意思是“思考一番”。故填thinking。 15. 答案：Initially 解析：考查词形转换。句意：三星堆遗址最初发现于20世纪20年代末，被誉为20世纪最伟大的考古发现之一。空处作状语修饰discovered，故应用所给词的副词形式，设空位于句首，故填Initially。 16. 答案：is shifted 解析：句意：现在旅行中优先考虑的事已从购物转变为食物和风景。说的是现在的情况，应用一般现在时；主语the priority和shift为被动关系，故使用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is shifted。 17. 答案：gifted 解析：考查形容词。设空处修饰名词children，应用形容词gifted，意为“有天赋的”。故填gifted。 18. 答案：assistant 解析：句意为：虽然你的手机是一个值得称赞的助手，但要拍出完美的照片，没有什么可以替代真正的相机。设空处作表语，根据设空处前的冠词 a 可知，设空处应填名词，意为“助手；助理”，故填assistant。 19. 答案：what 解析：“what” 引导表语从句，在从句中作表语，指代中国过去的样子，故填what。 20. 答案：whether 解析：考查表语从句。句意：他们之间的争论是，是否值得支付租用昂贵公寓的额外费用。分析句子结构，这是一个包含表语从句的复合句，根据空白处的上文“The debate (争论)”可知，空白处下文“it was worthwhile to afford the extra expense of hiring an expensive apartment（支付租用昂贵公寓的额外费用）”是一个争论中的话题，空白处应填表示“是否”含义的连词连接表语从句，故填whether。 21. 答案：mechanical 解析：句意：正在展出的是世界上最古老的还可以使用的机械钟之一。空缺处和前面的the oldest及working共同作定语修饰clocks, 所以需要形容词形式。故填mechanical。 22. 答案：defensive 解析：考查形容词。根据设空处前面的you are being可知此处应用形容词作表语，defensive意为“自卫的”。此处表示双臂交叉着站立表明你在自我保护。故填defensive。 23. 答案：vividly 解析：考查副词。设空处修饰过去分词described，应用副词vividly，表示“生动地”。故填vividly。 24. 答案：faulty 解析：考查形容词。句意：通过用健康的 DNA替换有缺陷的DNA片段，遗传病将在胚胎中得到治愈。设空处修饰后面的名词 sections，表示“有缺陷的”，故填faulty。 25. 答案：astronomer 解析：句意为：这位天文学家很高兴中国在天文学领域取得了巨大成就。根据空格前的冠词The可知，设空处应填名词作主语；再根据is delighted可知，设空处指人，且应用名词的单数形式。故填astronomer。 三、翻译题 26. 答案：There is nothing better 解析：此处是“否定词+比较级”表示最高级的用法。 27. 答案：When asked if a positive attitude can delay ageing 解析：当主从句的主语一致或从句的主语为it，且从句的谓语含有be动词的某种形式时，从句的主语和be动词可以省略。 28. 答案：of whom our parents will feel proud in the future 解析：此处是“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，先行词someone指人，且关系词在从句中作宾语，所以关系代词应用whom;feel proud of...意为“为……感到骄傲”。 29. 答案：It is quite obvious that we must use other methods to deal with/solve the problem. 解析：在该结构中，It为形式主语，that引导主语从句。 30. 答案：Not only can travelling broaden our horizons, but it can also relax our body and mind. 解析：not only...but also...连接两个并列分句时，not only可以置于句首表示强调，此时not only后的分句要采用部分倒装结构。 四、阅读理解 31. 答案：A 解析：考查段落大意。根据第二段中的“ChatGPT remembers the thread (贯穿的主线) of your dialogue, using previous questions and answers to inform its next responses. It obtains its answers from huge volumes of information on the Internet”可知，本段主要介绍了ChatGPT 的工作原理。故选 A 项。 32. 答案：A 解析：考查推理判断。根据第三段内容 “A few days after its launch, more than 1 million people were trying out ChatGPT. UBS analyst Lloyd Walmsley estimated in February 2023 that ChatGPT reached 100 million monthly users in January, 2 months after its launch”可知，ChatGPT上线几天就有超过100万人在试用且2个月其月用户数量就达到1亿。故可推知本段列出数字是为了显示ChatGPT非常受欢迎。故选A项。 33. 答案：C 解析：考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“As of Feb. 1,2023, Open AI has a ChatGPT pro plan, ChatGPT Plus, which allows users to have general access even during peak times”可知，从2023年2月1日起，Open AI 推出了ChatGPT Plus，允许用户在高峰时段也能进行正常访问。由此可知设计ChatGPT Plus的目的是让用户在高峰时段仍能正常使用该程序。故选C项。 34. 答案：D 解析：考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“ChatGPT has limited knowledge due to its programming but a search engine has unlimited knowledge which is updated everyday”可知，与搜索引擎相比，ChatGPT的局限性在于它是基于有限的数据进行操作。故选D项。 五、书面表达 Dear John, I'd like to introduce my favorite scientist to you. Regarded as "the father of China's nuclear bomb", Deng Jiaxian is the scientist I admire most. Born in 1924 in Anhui Province, he got his doctor's degree from Purdue University in America in 1950. After that, he returned to China and devoted all his life to the development of China's nuclear and hydrogen bombs. After years of hard work, he died in Beijing in 1986. Deng Jiaxian made great contributions to the development of our country and will always be remembered as an outstanding scientist. Yours, Li Hua 英语·单元检测A卷答案·第 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $