第04讲 选择必修一Unit 4重难知识综合复习（寒假复习讲义）高二英语译林版

专题04 Unit 4 Exploring poetry (选择必修一) 考点聚焦：核心考点+小考考点，有的放矢 重点速记：知识点+关键点梳理，查漏补缺 难点强化：难点内容+标注讲解，能力提升 学以致用：真题感知+提升专练，全面突破 重点单词 1. imply 　　　 vt. 含有……的意思, 暗示, 暗指 2. dimension n. 方面, 侧面; 规模, 程度; 维 3. grasp n. 理解, 领会; 抓紧, 握紧, 控制; 能力所及vt. 抓紧; 领会, 理解 4. rhyme n. 押韵词, 押韵vt. 使押韵vi. 和……同韵 5. complex adj. 复杂的, 难懂的n. 建筑群; 复合体; 情结 6. clue n. 线索, 提示; 迹象 7. cage vt. 把(动物)关在笼中n. 笼子 8. aside adv. 到旁边, 在旁边; 留, 存; 除……以外 9. remote adj. 偏远的, 偏僻的; 遥远的, 久远的; 远亲的 10. reward  vt. 奖励, 奖赏n. 奖励, 回报; 悬赏金 11. inner adj. 内心的, 隐藏的; 里面的, 内部的 12. perceive  vt. 注意到, 意识到, 将……理解为, 将……视为 13. ideal  n. 理想; 典范adj. 完美的, 理想的 14. rigid adj. 死板的, 僵硬的; 固执的, 僵化的 15. undergo vt. (underwent, undergone)经历, 经受 16. advocate vt. 拥护, 支持, 提倡n. 拥护者, 支持者; 辩护律师 17. district n. 区, 行政区; 地区, 区域 18. bend  vi. & vt. (bent, bent)(使)拐弯, 弯曲n. 拐弯, 弯道 19. claim n. 声明, 宣称; 所有权; 索赔vt. 宣称, 声称, 要求; 索取; 获得 20. hence  adv. 因此, 由此 21. dare  vi. & vt. 敢于, 胆敢; 激(某人做某事) 22. numerous adj. 众多的, 许多的 23. encounter vt. 偶然碰到, 意外地遇见; 遭遇, 碰到n. 相遇, 遭遇, 冲突 24. nourish  vt. 培养, 助长; 抚养, 滋养 25. boom n. (贸易和经济活动的)激增, 繁荣vi. 迅速发展, 激增, 繁荣昌盛 26. vitality n. 生命力, 活力, 热情 27. distinguish  vt. & vi. 成为……的特征, 使有别于; 区分, 辨别; 认出; 使出众 28. cast  vt. (cast, cast)投射; 向……投以(视线、笑容等); 投, 抛; 选派角色n. 全体演员; 投, 抛 29. owe  vt. 欠(情); 欠(债) 30. debt  n. 人情债, 情义, 恩情; 借款, 欠款, 债务 31. entitle vt. (usually passive)给……命名; 使享有权利, 使符合资格 32. blame vt. 把……归咎于, 责怪, 指责n. 责任, 责备, 指责 33. allowance n. 津贴, 补助; 限额; 零花钱 34. freeze v. 冰冻; (使)冻结, 结冰; (使)冻住, 冻堵; 严寒→ frozen adj. 结冰的, 冰封的; 冷冻的; 冻僵的→ freezing adj. 极冷的; 冰冻的; 冰点以下的  35. detect vt. 发现, 查明, 侦察出→ detector n. 探测器; 检测器  36. contradict v. 反驳; 驳斥; 批驳; 相矛盾; 相抵触; 相反→ contradictory adj. 互相矛盾的, 对立的  37. interpret vt. 解释, 阐释; 把……理解为, 领会; 演绎 vi. 口译→ interpreter n. 口译工作者; 口译译员  38. patient adj. 耐心的 n. 患者→ patience n. 耐心, 忍耐力 39. constant adj. 不断的; 连续发生的→ constantly adv. 始终, 一直  40. logic n. 逻辑; 逻辑学; 思维方式→ logical adj. 符合逻辑的; 必然的, 合乎情理的→ logically adv. 逻辑上; 合乎逻辑地 41. real adj. 真正的; 真实的; 真的; 实际存在的→reality n. 现实, 实际情况; 事实, 实际经历 42. mist n. 薄雾, 水汽→ misty adj. 模糊的; 多雾的; 不明晰的 43. novel n. 小说→ novelist n. 小说家  44. industry n. 工业→ industrial adj. 工业的→ industrialize v. (使)工业化→industrialization n. 工业化 45. belief n. 看法, 信念; 信仰; 相信, 信心→ believe v. 相信  46. strike vt. &vi. 突然想到; 撞, 碰; 打; 突击; 罢工; 划(火柴)n. 罢工; 袭击; 击; 打→ striking adj. 引人注目的, 显著的; 妩媚动人的, 标致的 ( 核心考点 ) 考点1 frozen adj.结冰的，冰封的；冷冻的；冻僵的→________ adj.冰点以下的；结冰的；极冷的n.冰点→________ v．(使)结冰，凝固；冷藏；冰冻；(因恐惧等而)呆住 (1)freezing point冰点 freezing cold 非常冷 above/below freezing 在冰点以上/下 (2)freeze (...) ______ death (使……)冻死 【答案】 freezing, freeze, to 【考点再现】单句语法填空 The supermarket has a wide selection of (freeze) meals for busy people.（25-26高一上·黑龙江大庆·期中） 【思路点拨】考查形容词。句意：这家超市为忙碌的人们提供了各种各样的冷冻食品。本空修饰名词meals，作前置定语，应用形容词frozen“冷冻的”。故填frozen。 【答案】frozen 考点2 grasp vt.& n．理解，领会；抓紧，握紧，控制；能力所及 (1)grasp that/wh从句 理解…… grasp sb._____ the hand/arm抓住某人的手/手臂 grasp __________ 尽力抓住 grasp a chance/an opportunity抓住机会 (2)have a grasp of sth. beyond one's grasp超出某人的理解能力 [名师点津]　grasp同catch一样，由“抓住”可引申为“理解，明白”。 【答案】by, at, 掌握某物 【考点再现】单句语法填空 Learning a foreign language involves (grasp) unfamiliar grammar rules and communication skills.（23-24高二下·重庆·期中） 【思路点拨】考查动名词。句意：学习一门外语需要掌握不熟悉的语法规则和沟通技巧。involve doing sth涉及做某事。动名词作宾语。故填grasping。 【答案】grasping 考点3 reward vt.奖励，奖赏，报答，酬谢 n．奖励，回报；酬谢；悬赏金；奖赏→________adj.值得做的；有益的) •reward sb ____ sth 用……奖赏某人 •as a reward _______...作为对……的报酬 in reward for为报答……；作为……的奖赏 [易混辨析]　reward/award reward 名词 指赏金、酬金或一些非金钱的报酬，多指对某人的工作或服务等的报答 动词 表示“报答，酬谢” award 名词 指奖品、奖金，其义与prize近似。指一种官方的奖励行为，往往指对在工作中取得成就或完成所提出要求的人而进行的一种奖励，强调荣誉而不在乎奖品的大小或奖金的多少，还可指某种奖项 【答案】rewarding, with, for, 【考点再现】单句语法填空 We all look forward to (reward) with a day off after finishing the big task.（25-26高二上·江苏扬州·期中） 【思路点拨】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们都期待着完成这项大任务后能得到一天的休息作为奖励。空处用于动词短语look forward to之后，应用动名词形式作宾语，且主语we与动词reward之间为被动关系，应用动名词的被动形式being rewarded。故填being rewarded。 【答案】being rewarded 考点4 advocate vt.拥护，支持，提倡 n．提倡者，拥护者，支持者；辩护律师 (1)advocate + that从句　　 主张…… advocate sth. 　　 提倡做某事 advocate sb. sth. It is advocated that...主张/提倡……[从句谓语动词用“ ”] (2)an advocate of sth. 【答案】doing, to do, (should)+动词原形，某事倡导者 【考点再现】单句语法填空 Animal rights (advocate) argue that zoos are really animal prisons and very often cruel.（25-26高三上·河南南阳·开学考试） 【思路点拨】考查名词。句意：动物权利倡导者认为动物园实际上是动物监狱，而且往往很残忍。根据空后谓语动词argue可知，此空应是可数名词复数形式advocates，意为“倡导者，拥护者”。此空是句子主语。故填advocates。 【答案】advocates 考点5 claim vt.声称，宣称；索要，索取；致命；认领；获得 n．声称，宣称；所有权；索赔 claim that/_______...声称…… claim to _______ sth 声称做过某事 claim for/make ________ claim for sth 就……提出要求 ________ is claimed that...据称……，据说…… 【答案】to do, have done sth. a, It 【考点再现】单句语法填空 You could (claim) the cost of the hotel room from your insurance, but you didn’t.（2025高三·全国·专题练习） 【思路点拨】考查情态动词+have done的用法。句意：你本可以从你的保险中索取旅馆住房费，但是你没有。根据“but you didn’t”可知此句表示“本可以做某事，但实际上没做”，应用could have done结构，故填have claimed。 【答案】have claimed 考点6 tolerant adj.宽容的，容忍的；能耐……的 →________vt.容忍；允许；忍受→_______n．容忍；忍耐力) •be tolerant _________________对……容忍/宽容 •tolerate (sb/sb’s) doing...容忍(某人)做…… 【答案】tolerate, tolerance, of/ towards 【考点再现】单句语法填空 Humans’ low for environmental pollution shows that we should be more of nature protection measures rather than behaviors that damage ecosystems. (tolerate)（2025高三·全国·专题练习） 【思路点拨】考查词性转换。句意：人类对环境污染的低容忍度表明，我们应该更能接受自然保护措施，而不是容忍破坏生态系统的行为。第一空位于形容词low之后，需用名词，tolerate的名词形式为tolerance，意为“容忍度”，所以第一空填tolerance；第二空位于系动词be之后，需用形容词作表语，tolerate的形容词形式为tolerant，be tolerant of为固定搭配，意为“能接受……”，所以第二空填tolerant；第三空与前面的“be”并列，且位于情态动词should之后，需用动词原形，所以第三空填tolerate。故填①tolerance②tolerant③tolerate。 【答案】tolerance tolerant tolerate 考点7 distinguish v．区分，辨别；分清；成为……的特征；使有别于；使出众→___________adj.卓越的；著名的；杰出的；高贵的；受尊重的) distinguish between A and B　区分A和B distinguish...________...使……有别于……；把……与……区分开来 distinguish oneself (as)(作为……而)出名；使自己出众 •be distinguished _________..因……而出名 be distinguished as...作为……而出名 【答案】distinguished, from, for 【考点再现】单句语法填空 The twins were so much alike that I have difficulty (distinguish) one from the other.（24-25高二上·陕西西安·期中） 【思路点拨】考查非谓语动词。句意：这对双胞胎长得太像了，我很难区分谁是谁。短语have difficulty (in) doing sth.意为“做某事有困难”，空处应用distinguish“区分”的动名词形式，作宾语，短语distinguish A from B意为“区分A和B”。故填distinguishing。 【答案】distinguishing 考点8 owe vt.欠(情)，欠(债)；归功于；归因于 •owe sb sth ＝owe sth to sb 欠某人某物；把……归功于…… owe it to sb that.../to do...把……归功于某人 owe an apology to sb/owe sb an apology_______ •owing to_______ 【答案】应向某人道歉, 由于 【考点再现】单句语法填空 Having witnessed the whole process, he knew he (owe) his friend a heartfelt apology.（2025高三·全国·专题练习） 【思路点拨】考查动词时态。句意：目睹了整个过程，他知道他应该向朋友真诚地道歉。此处为宾语从句的谓语动词，主句谓语动词“knew”为一般过去时，根据主从复合句时态一致原则，从句也应用相应的过去时态，owe是动词，意为“欠”，其过去式为owed。故填owed。 【答案】owed 考点9 blame n．责任，责备，指责 vt.责怪，指责，把……归咎于 •take/bear the blame ...对……负责；为……承担责任 put/lay the blame for sth on sb 把某事推到某人身上/归咎于某人 •blame sb for...因……而指责某人；把……归咎于某人 blame sth sb 把某事归咎于某人 be (for sth)(为某事)承担责任；(因某事)该受责备(主动形式表被动意义) 答案：for, on, to blame 【考点再现】单句语法填空 Don’t always blame your failure on others, sometimes you yourself are (blame). （24-25高二上·全国·课后作业） 【思路点拨】考查非谓语动词。句意：不要总是把你的失败归咎于别人，有时候你自己也有责任。be to blame是固定用法，意为“应受责备；该负责任”，主动形式表被动意义，动词不定式作表语。故填to blame。 【答案】to blame 考点10 belief n. 看法, 信念; 信仰; 相信, 信心→_________vt. &vi. 相信 (1)_____ is one’s belief that. . . 某人相信 beyond belief　　　　　 (因太大﹑太难﹑太可怕等)难以置信 hold the belief that. . . 相信, 认为 (2)believe in 相信 ______is believed that. . . 人们相信 [答案]：believe, It, it 【考点再现】单句语法填空 The legend seems at first, but people that this folk actually contains historical truths. (belief)（2025高三·全国·专题练习） 【思路点拨】考查形容词、动词和名词。句意：这个传说乍一看令人难以置信，但人们相信这个民间信仰实际上包含了历史真相。空1接在系动词“seems”后，应用形容词作表语，表示“难以置信的”，应填unbelievable；空2为谓语动词，根据前后句子可知应用一般现在时，主语“people”，谓语动词用原形，应填believe；空3为从句主语，应用名词，根据“contains”可知应用单数形式，应填belief。故填unbelievable；believe；belief。 【答案】unbelievable believe belief 重点短语 1. dig up 　　　　　 发现, 搜集, 查明  2. set sth. aside  把……放一边; 留出  3. break with sth. 与某事终止关联, 破除  4. make allowance for  体谅; 考虑到, 估计到  ( 核心考点 ) 考点1 dig up发现, 搜集, 查明 dig. . . ____　　挖出…… dig in/into sth. 把……插入…… dig ______ sth. 采掘探寻(黄金等); 挖掘某物 【答案】out, for 【考点再现】单句语法填空 Cutting down trees and (dig) up grass can cause deserts and sandstorms to increase. 【思路点拨】考查动名词。句意：砍伐树木和挖草会导致沙漠和沙尘暴增加。该空和动名词短语Cutting down trees并列，dig也用动名词形式作主语。故填digging。 【答案】digging 考点2 set sth. aside把……放一边；留出 set ______留出，存储 set out出发，开始 set _________ doing sth.开始做某事 set off出发；使爆炸；引发；激起 【答案】aside, about 【考点再现】单句语法填空 A group of boys were setting fireworks in the street. 【思路点拨】考查固定短语。句意：一群男孩在街上放烟花。根据句意及空前的“setting”可知，空处应填off，构成固定短语set off，表示“点燃，引爆”。故填off。 【答案】off 重点句型 1. even if引导状语从句 Even if its true meaning appears to be beyond your grasp, you can always say something about how the poem sounds when you read it aloud.   即使你无法理解诗歌的真正含义, 也总可以说出这首诗在朗读时听起来如何。 2. as long as引导状语从句 As long as the journey of poetry reading makes you feel something or lets you perceive another level of meaning, it will have been worth your effort.   只要读诗之旅能让你有所感悟, 或者让你领悟到另一层含义, 你的努力就是值得的。 3. Given. . . 考虑到…… Given his personal experiences and the historical background, it is only natural to see that the majority of Li Bai’s poems are characterized by the romantic style.   鉴于他的个人经历和历史背景, 李白多数作品皆富浪漫主义色彩就不足为奇了。 4. 完全倒装句 Equally impressive is Li Bai’s free expression of strong feelings, which breathes vitality into the lifeless objects he describes, and which distinguishes him from other landscape poets.   同样让人印象深刻的是李白强烈情感的自由抒发, 这为他笔下的无生命物体注入了生机, 也让他有别于其他山水诗人。 5. as if 引导的状语从句 Second, approach the poem as if you were an explorer in an unfamiliar landscape. 第二，把这首诗当作一个探索陌生风景的探险家。 ( 核心考点 ) 1. as if 引导状语从句 [教材原句]　Second, approach the poem as if you were an explorer in an unfamiliar landscape. 第二，把这首诗当作一个探索陌生风景的探险家。 (1)as if引导方式状语从句。其用法和意义与as though相似，都表示“好像，仿佛”之意；在look、seem、feel、sound等系动词后可引导表语从句。 (2)当as if引导的方式状语从句或表语从句所表示的情况不是事实，而是主观的想象或夸大性的比喻时，从句通常用虚拟语气。as if/though从句用虚拟语气的情况： a．当从句表示与现在事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用一般过去时，be动词用were； b．当从句表示与过去事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”形式； c．当从句表示与将来事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用“could/might/would＋动词原形”。 【考点再现】单句语法填空 She opened her mouth as if (say) something. 【思路点拨】考查省略。句意:她张开嘴好像要说什么。as if引导状语从句中主语与主句主语一致并且包含be动词，则可以省略从句中的主语和be动词。根据语境，她似乎是打算要说些什么，应表示为as if she was to say something，可省略为as if to say something。故填to say。 【答案】to say 重点语法 考点一 非谓语动词作主语和表语 1．作主语 (1) 非谓语动词中能作主语的有动名词和不定式。动名词作主语表示一般的、抽象的或习惯性的动作,不定式作主语表示具体的、一次性的或尚未做的动作 (2) it作形式主语,代替真正作主语的不定式或动名词 2．作表语 非谓语动词中能作表语的有现在分词、过去分词、动名词和不定式。现在分词作表语意为“令人……的”,而过去分词作表语意为“感到……的” 注:get、 become、 look、 seem、 appear等系动词后可接过去分词作表语,表示被动或主语的状态 【考点再现】单句语法填空 (give) a second chance by his boss made him happy.（25-26高二上·江苏扬州·期中） 【思路点拨】考查非谓语动词。句意：被老板给予第二次机会让他很开心。分析句子结构可知，此空作句子主语，应用动名词，且“他”是“被给予”机会，应用动名词的被动语态，即being given，句首单词，字母应大写。故填Being given。 【答案】Being given 考点二 非谓语动词作宾语 后接动名词作宾语的动词(短语)有suggest、 imagine、 mind、 admit、 practise、 allow、 risk、 keep、 keep on、 avoid、 escape、 enjoy、 consider、 excuse、 finish、 miss、 insist on、 look forward to、 feel like、 get down to、 object to等 后接不定式作宾语的动词(短语)有wish、 hope、 decide、 refuse、 promise、 pretend、 manage、 plan、 fail、 choose、 would like等 Why did Patrick keep on asking the same question? 为什么帕特里克总是问同样的问题呢? She doesn‘t talk to you and refuses to text or phone you back. 她不跟你说话,也不回你的短信或电话。 既可接动名词又可接不定式的动词(短语)有remember、forget、regret、stop、go on、mean、start、begin、try等,但意义上有区别 forget to do sth 忘记去做某事(未做) forget doing sth忘记做过某事(已做或已发生) stop to do sth 停止(某事)去做另一件事 stop doing sth停止正在做的事 remember to do sth 记住去做某事(未做) remember doing sth 记得做过某事(已做) regret to do sth 对要做的事感到遗憾 regret doing sth 对做过的事表示后悔 try to do sth 努力做某事 try doing sth 尝试做某事 need、 require、 want作“需要”讲以及deserve作“应受,应得”讲时,其后接动名词的主动形式或不定式的被动式 it作形式宾语,代替真正作宾语的不定式或动名词 【考点再现】单句语法填空 Learning that Jenny had cheated me, I avoided her during school all day and don’t feel like (respond) to her online messages.（25-26高一上·江苏扬州·期中） 【思路点拨】考查非谓语动词。句意：得知珍妮欺骗了我，我一整天在学校都避开她，而且不想回复她的网上消息。“feel like doing sth.”为固定搭配，意为“想要做某事”，介词“like”后需接动名词作宾语；respond的动名词形式为responding。故填responding。 【答案】responding 考点三 非谓语动词作宾语补足语 1.“五看二听一感觉”的感官动词(短语),如see、 watch、 observe、 notice、 look at、 hear、 listen to、 feel,后面的宾语补足语有三种常见的非谓语动词形式(do/doing/done)。do表示主动或完成(被动句应补上不定式符号to),doing表示主动或正在进行,done表示被动或完成 2.使役动词后面的宾语补足语。常见的使役动词有make、 leave、 keep、 have、 get等 (1) 宾语和宾语补足语之间表示主动的结构 make sb do sth 使得某人做某事 get sb to do sth 使得某人开始做某事(强调使/让……开始行动起来) have sb do sth 使得某人做某事 have sb doing sth 使得某人(持续)做某事 (2) 宾语和宾语补足语之间表示被动的结构 make/get/have sth done使/让某事被做 leave sth to be done 留下……要被做 常跟不定式作宾补的动词有advise、 allow、 ask、 beg、 encourage、 expect、 forbid、 force、 get、 intend、 invite、 like、 order、 persuade、 prefer、 require、 teach、 remind、 tell、 want等 with/without复合结构 sb/sth doing(表示主动、进行或特征) with/without sth done(表示被动、完成或状态) with/without sth to do(表示将来) 【考点再现】单句语法填空 Waiting for the exam results, she found herself (fill) with anxiety. （25-26高一上·山东济宁·期中） 【思路点拨】考查非谓语动词。句意：等待考试结果时，她发现自己满心焦虑。根据“find oneself + 宾语补足语”的固定结构，且“fill”与宾语“herself”之间为被动关系（某人被某种情绪充满），需用过去分词形式作补足语，“be filled with”为固定搭配，意为“充满……”。故填filled。 【答案】filled 考点四 非谓语动词作状语 1.不定式作状语 (1) 通常表示目的,相当于in order to或so as to,以示强调 (2) 表示结果时常用于too...to...、only to...、never to...等结构中 (3) 可用在某些形容词的后面 2.分词作状语 分词作状语可表示时间、条件、原因、伴随、让步、方式和结果等 注:现在分词和only to do sth都可以表示结果。但是现在分词作状语表示顺理成章的结果,即由于前句动作的发生而造成的结果;而only to do sth表示出乎意料的(往往是不太好的)结果 【考点再现】单句语法填空 (face) with severe floods in some areas, the government is taking active measures to ensure people’s safety.（25-26高二上·上海·期中） 【思路点拨】考查非谓语动词。句意：面对部分地区的严重洪灾，政府正在采取积极措施保障民众安全。固定搭配be faced with表示“面对”，此处作状语省略be动词。句首单词首字母大写，故填Faced。 【答案】Faced 考点五 非谓语动词作定语 1.不定式作定语 (1) 不定式作定语表示将来的动作 (2) 有些名词后大多用不定式作定语,如ability、desire、attempt、 chance、 decision、 effort、 failure、 promise、 offer、 way、 time、 wish等 (3) 被修饰的名词前有序数词、形容词最高级或next、last、only、not a、the等限定词时,只能用不定式 2.分词作定语* (1) 现在分词表示主动意义;过去分词表示被动意义 (2) 现在分词表示正在进行;过去分词表示状态或完成 注:动词不定式的被动式强调的是一个即将要发生的被动动作;现在分词的被动式表示一个正在进行的被动动作;过去分词的被动式表示发生在过去的被动动作. 【考点再现】单句语法填空 The ground was covered with (fall) leaves after the strong wind.（25-26高二上·江苏扬州·期中） 【思路点拨】考查形容词。句意：大风过后，地面上铺满了落叶。空处需填形容词作定语，修饰名词leaves，表示“落下的”应用fallen。故填fallen。 【答案】fallen 考点六 非谓语动词的时态与语态 类别 时态 语态 主动 被动 不定式 一般式 to do to be done 进行式 to be doing — 完成式 to have done to have been done 现在分词 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done 过去分词 一般式 done — 非谓语动词与逻辑主语(通常是句子的主语)之间存在主谓或动宾关系。与逻辑主语之间存在主谓关系时,用主动形式;与逻辑主语之间存在动宾关系时,用被动形式 Tip 2 非谓语动词的时态 (1) 非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后或同时发生,用一般式 (2) 非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前,用完成式 【考点再现】单句语法填空 (spend) over 30 years in the field, Professor Zhang has become a leading expert in cultural heritage protection. （2026高三·全国·专题练习） 【思路点拨】考查非谓语动词。句意：张教授在这个领域已经花费了30多年，他已经成为文化遗产保护方面的顶尖专家。“(spend) over 30 years in the field”作状语，spend(花费)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语“Professor Zhang”之间是主动关系，且“花费了30多年”发生在“成为专家”之前，应用现在分词的完成式表主动和已经发生；句首单词首字母大写。故填Having spent。 【答案】Having spent 1．（25-26高一上·四川达州·月考）Without enough information, we decided to postpone (make) any decision. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】making 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于没有足够的信息，我们决定推迟做出任何决定。空处为非谓语动词作postpone的宾语，postpone doing sth.为固定短语，意为“推迟做某事”，填动名词作宾语。故填making。 2．（25-26高二上·上海·期中）Research has been devoted to (figure) out whether class size matters to learners’ academic performance. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】figuring 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：研究致力于弄清楚班级规模是否会影响学习者的学业表现。固定搭配be devoted to doing sth.“致力于做某事”中，to是介词，后接动名词形式作宾语，故填figuring。 3．（25-26高二上·山西临汾·期中）When talking with others, you should avoid (look) into their eyes. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】looking 【详解】考查动名词。句意：当你和别人说话的时候，你应该避免直视他们的眼睛。此处为动词短语avoid doing sth，意为“避免做某事”，所以此处为动名词形式。故填looking。 4．（25-26高二上·山西临汾·期中） (kill) by a shark was used to happen in those days. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】 Being killed what 【详解】考查动名词和表语从句。句意：在那个年代，被鲨鱼咬死是常有的事。“____ by a shark”作句子主语，此处指被鲨鱼咬死，应用动名词的被动being killed作主语，句首单词首字母应大写。第二空引导表语从句，在从句中作主语，意为“……的事情”，应用what。故填①Being killed；②what。 5．（25-26高二上·山西临汾·期中） (travel) along the old Silk Road is an interesting and (reward) experience. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】 Traveling/Travelling rewarding 【详解】考查动名词和形容词。句意：沿着古丝绸之路旅行是一段有趣且有意义的经历。分析句子结构可知，第一空需用动名词traveling或travelling作主语，句首单词首字母应大写。第二空需用形容词“rewarding (有意义的、值得的)”，与形容词interesting并列，作定语修饰名词experience。故填①Traveling/ Travelling；②rewarding。 6．（25-26高一上·黑龙江哈尔滨·月考）After moving to a new country, many people end up (adapt) to the local customs without even realizing it. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】adapting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：搬到一个新的国家后，很多人最终会在不知不觉中适应当地的风俗。此处为动名词作宾语，“end up doing sth.”为固定短语，表示“最终做了某事、结果变成……”，所以此处应用adapt的动名词形式。故填adapting。 7．（25-26高一上·黑龙江哈尔滨·月考）A man once (bite) by a snake will for ten years sh y at a rope.  (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】bitten 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井绳。“(bite) by a snake”作后置定语，bite(咬)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语man之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填bitten。 8．（25-26高二上·广东东莞·月考） (expose) to sunshine long is known to damage the skins of people. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Being exposed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：众所周知，长时间暴露在阳光下会损伤人的皮肤。句中谓语动词为“is known”，空处需用非谓语动词的动名词形式作主语；逻辑主语与动词“expose”之间为被动关系，表达“被暴露在阳光下”的含义，因此用动名词的被动形式being exposed，位于句首单词首字母需大写。故填Being exposed。 9．（25-26高二上·广东东莞·月考）The poor assistant missed the presentation and felt very frustrated, so his friend kept (comfort) him. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】comforting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：那个可怜的助手错过了演示环节，感到非常沮丧，于是他的朋友一直在安慰他。此处为短语keep doing sth.表示“不断做某事”，动名词作宾语。故填comforting。 10．（25-26高二上·山东济宁·期中） (develop) good habits is important for young children’s growth. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Developing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：养成良好的习惯对幼儿的成长很重要。分析句子结构可知，句中缺少主语，表示”抽象的，习惯性的行为”需用动名词作主语，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Developing。 11．（25-26高一上·广东·月考）The movie, (base) on a true story, is very popular among young people. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】based 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这部基于真实故事改编的电影在年轻人中非常受欢迎。分析句子结构可知，此空考查非谓语，base与The movie是被动关系，应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填based。 12．（25-26高一上·广东惠州·期中） (recommend) a book that you love to a friend is often the start of a wonderful and shared experience. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Recommending 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：向朋友推荐一本你喜欢的书，往往是一段美好且可共享的体验的开端。分析句子结构可知，“____ a book”是句子主语，陈述一般行为，用动名词recommending，句首单词首字母应大写。故填Recommending。 13．（25-26高一上·上海黄浦·期中）While he has recovered a lot, he has difficulty (lie) on his back for a long time. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】lying 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然他已经恢复了很多，但长时间仰卧对他来说仍有困难。本句谓语为has，此处为非谓语动词，且have difficulty (in) doing sth.为固定短语，意为“做某事有困难”，所以此处应用lie“躺”的动名词形式lying，作宾语。故填lying。 14．（25-26高一上·江苏无锡·月考）The accident on the morning of last Sunday resulted in three . (kill) （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】being killed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：上周日早上的事故导致三人死亡。result in意为“导致”，后面通常接名词或动名词作宾语。three与kill“杀死”之间是被动关系，所以要用be killed，作result in的宾语，用动名词的被动形式。故填being killed。 15．（25-26高二上·广东深圳·期中）From then on, if I wanted to read a book with an ending (guarantee) to be happy, I’d pick up a love romance. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】guaranteed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从那以后，如果我想读一本结局肯定是圆满的书，我就会拿起一本爱情浪漫小说。空处修饰名词“ending”，作后置定语，“guarantee”与“ending”之间为被动关系，所以此处用过去分词形式作定语。故填guaranteed。 16．（25-26高二上·江苏无锡·期中） (bury) in her research on ancient history, she didn’t notice that the library was about to close. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Buried 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她埋头于古代历史的研究，没有注意到图书馆即将关门。“(bury) in her research on ancient history”在句中作原因状语，bury(埋头于，专心于)用非谓语形式，常用于固定短语bury oneself in，与其逻辑主语she之间是被动关系，用过去分词形式表被动；句首单词首字母大写。故填Buried。 17．（25-26高二上·黑龙江哈尔滨·月考）During the educational field trip to the mountain, we deeply realized the difficulty we had (protect) wild animals, whose living environment was at risk. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】protecting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在去山上的教育实地考察中，我们深切地意识到我们在保护野生动物方面所面临的困难，因为它们的生存环境正处于危险之中。“we had _________ (protect) wild animals”为省略关系代词的定语从句，从句中缺少had的宾语，根据have difficulty (in) doing sth.是固定搭配，表示“做某事有困难”可知，设空处应填protect的动名词形式protecting作宾语。故填protecting。 18．（25-26高二上·江苏扬州·期中）With (strike) imagination in expressions, this early poem already displayed signs of a romantic style. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】striking 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这首早期的诗歌在表达上有着惊人的想象力，已经展现出浪漫主义风格的迹象。空处修饰名词imagination，需填形容词作定语，strike的形容词形式为striking，意为“惊人的”，符合语境。故填striking。 19．（2026高三·全国·专题练习） (ask) about the key to his team’s championship win at the National Youth Robotics Competition, the coach attributed their success to persistent experimentation and teamwork. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Asked 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当被问及他的团队在全国青少年机器人比赛中获胜的关键时，教练将他们的成功归功于坚持不懈的实验和团队合作。句中谓语是attributed，空格处用非谓语动词，the coach和ask之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此用过去分词表被动，作状语，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Asked。 20．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）Neuralink, (found) by Elon Musk, plans to begin clinical trials in the United States in October 2025 of the Brain-Computer Interface (BCI)... (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】founded 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：由埃隆·马斯克创立的Neuralink计划于2025年10月在美国开始脑机接口的临床试验……。句中已有谓语动词plans，专有名词Neuralink与found（意为“创立”）构成被动关系，故用过去分词founded作后置定语。故填founded。 提升专练 一、阅读理解 （25-26高一上·山东枣庄·期中）Laptop computers are popular all over the world. People use them on trains and airplanes in airports and hotels. These laptops connect people to their workplace. In the United States today laptops also connect students to their classrooms. Westlake College in Virginia will start a laptop computer program that allows students to do schoolwork anywhere they want. Within five years, each of the 1500 students at the college will receive a laptop. The laptops are part of a $10 million computer program at Westlake, a 110-year-old college. The students with laptops will also have access to the Internet. In addition, they will be able to use e-mail to “speak” with their teachers, their classmates, and their families. However, the most important part of the laptop program is that students will be able to use computers without going to computer labs. They can work with it at home in a fast-food restaurant or under the trees — anywhere at all! Because of the many changes in computer technology, laptop use in higher education such as colleges and universities is workable. As laptops become more powerful, they become more similar to desktop computers. In addition, the portable computers can connect students to not only the Internet but also libraries and other resources. State higher-education officials are studying how laptops can help students. State officials are also testing laptop programs at other universities too. At Westlake College, more than 60 percent of the staff use computers. The laptops will allow all teachers to use computers in their lessons. As one Westlake teacher said, “Here we are in the middle of Virginia and we’re giving students a window on the world. They can see everything and do everything.” 1．What is the main purpose of the laptop computer program? A．To help people work at home. B．To connect students to libraries. C．To encourage students to surf the Internet. D．To allow students to do schoolwork anywhere. 2．Which of the following is True about Westlake College? A．All teachers use computers. B．1500 students of the college will receive laptops. C．The laptop program receives the government’s funding. D．Students there can do everything. 3．What’s some teachers’ attitude towards the program? A．Doubtful. B．Worrying. C．Supportive. D．Uncaring 4．What is the best title for the text? A．A Laptop Program in Westlake College B．Laptop Computers Make People Closer C．A Famous College in Virginia: Westlake D．Computer Technology Provides Resources 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍美国弗吉尼亚州西湖学院推行的笔记本电脑项目及其对学生学习的作用。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Westlake College in Virginia will start a laptop computer program that allows students to do schoolwork anywhere they want.(美国弗吉尼亚州的西湖学院将启动一个笔记本电脑项目，该项目允许学生在任何他们想去的地方做作业)”可知，这个笔记本电脑项目的主要目的是让学生能够在任意地点完成学业任务。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Within five years, each of the 1500 students at the college will receive a laptop.(在五年内，该学院的1500名学生每人都将收到一台笔记本电脑)”可知，该学院的1500名学生都会拿到笔记本电脑。故选B项。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“As one Westlake teacher said, “Here we are in the middle of Virginia and we’re giving students a window on the world. They can see everything and do everything.”(正如一位西湖学院的教师所说：“我们地处弗吉尼亚州中部，却能通过这个项目给学生打开一扇看世界的窗户。他们能够看到一切，做到一切。”)”可知，这位教师对该项目的评价积极正面，由此推断教师群体对项目的态度是支持的。故选C项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第二段中的“Westlake College in Virginia will start a laptop computer program that allows students to do schoolwork anywhere they want.(美国弗吉尼亚州的西湖学院将启动一个笔记本电脑项目，该项目允许学生在任何他们想去的地方做作业)”可知，文章开篇引出笔记本电脑的普及，随后聚焦西湖学院的笔记本电脑项目，介绍了项目内容、可行性及教师评价，核心话题始终围绕该项目展开。A项“西湖学院的笔记本电脑项目”精准概括全文主旨，可以作为最佳标题。故选A项。 2、 阅读七选五 （25-26高二上·河北秦皇岛·期中）The Benefits of Learning a Musical Instrument We often hear about the joys of music, but the benefits of actively learning to play an instrument go far beyond simple entertainment. Neuroscience has shown that engaging with music in this way provides a powerful workout for the brain, leading to a wide range of cognitive and emotional advantages. 1 Playing an instrument requires the brain to process multiple pieces of information at once: reading sheet music, translating it into motor movements, listening to the sound produced, and adjusting in real-time. This strengthens the corpus callosum, the bridge between the brain’s two hemispheres, leading to improved problem-solving skills and creativity. Furthermore, learning music is a masterclass in patience and discipline. 2 This process teaches delayed gratification and the value of persistent effort, qualities that are transferable to academic and professional life. 3 It can be a powerful outlet for expressing emotions that are hard to put into words. Playing a piece of music can be a form of stress relief, providing a focus that calms the mind and reduces anxiety. 4 Being part of a band, orchestra, or even a casual jam session fosters teamwork, communication, and a sense of belonging You learn to listen to others and work together to create something greater than the sum of its parts. Finally, the sense of achievement that comes from mastering a difficult piece or performing for an audience is a tremendous boost to self - confidence. 5 So, whether you’re picking up a guitar for the first time or returning to the piano, remember that you’re not just making music — you’re building a better brain. A．Music also has significant social benefits. B．It proves that you can overcome challenges with dedication. C．Unlike passive listening, playing an instrument is a complex task. D．Musical training is primarily about becoming a famous musician. E．There is no doubt that music is the best way to relieve stress. F．It requires regular and focused practice to see progress. G．On an emotional level, making music can be incredibly therapeutic. 【答案】1．C 2．F 3．G 4．A 5．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章指出学习演奏乐器的益处远超单纯娱乐，神经科学研究表明其能锻炼大脑并带来多种认知和情感优势，随后从认知能力、耐心自律、情感疗愈、社交益处和自信心提升五个方面具体阐述学习乐器的好处。 1．上文“Neuroscience has shown that engaging with music in this way provides a powerful workout for the brain, leading to a wide range of cognitive and emotional advantages. (神经科学研究表明，以这种方式接触音乐能为大脑提供强有力的锻炼，带来广泛的认知和情感优势)”提出学习乐器对大脑和认知情感有益的观点，下文“Playing an instrument requires the brain to process multiple pieces of information at once: reading sheet music, translating it into motor movements, listening to the sound produced, and adjusting in real-time. (演奏乐器需要大脑同时处理多条信息：识谱、将乐谱转化为动作、聆听演奏出的声音，并实时调整)”具体说明演奏乐器的复杂性。C项“与被动聆听不同，演奏乐器是一项复杂的任务。”承上启下，“playing an instrument”呼应上文“engaging with music in this way”，“complex task”引出下文对演奏乐器复杂过程的描述，逻辑连贯。故选C。 2．上文“Furthermore, learning music is a masterclass in patience and discipline. (此外，学习音乐是培养耐心和自律的绝佳方式)”提出学习音乐能培养耐心和自律的观点，下文“This process teaches delayed  gratification and the value of persistent effort, qualities that are  transferable to academic and professional life.(这个过程教会了延迟满足和坚持不懈努力的价值，这些品质可以转移到学术和职业生活中)”说明该过程的作用。F项“它需要有规律且专注的练习才能看到进步。”中的“it”指代“learning music”，“regular and focused practice”具体解释了学习音乐如何培养耐心和自律，“this process”即指代该练习过程，衔接自然。故选F。 3．下文“It can be a powerful outlet for expressing emotions that are hard to put into words. Playing a piece of music can be a form of stress relief, providing a focus that calms the mind and reduces anxiety. (它是表达难以用语言言说的情感的有效途径。演奏一段音乐可以作为一种减压方式，让人集中注意力，平复心情并减轻焦虑)”主要阐述学习乐器在情感表达和减压方面的作用。G项“在情感层面，演奏音乐具有极强的疗愈效果。”作为该段主旨句，“emotional level”和“therapeutic”精准概括下文情感表达、减压等内容，引出下文具体阐述。故选G。 4．下文“Being part of a band, orchestra, or even a casual jam session fosters teamwork, communication, and a sense of belonging. (加入乐队、管弦乐队，甚至是临时的即兴演奏会，都能培养团队合作精神、沟通能力和归属感)”主要说明学习乐器在社交方面的好处。A项“音乐还具有显著的社交益处。”作为该段主旨句，“social benefits”直接点明下文核心内容，“also”承接前文认知、情感方面的益处，形成递进关系。故选A。 5．上文“Finally, the sense of achievement that comes from mastering a difficult piece or performing for an audience is a tremendous boost to self-confidence. (最后，掌握一首难度较大的曲子或为观众表演所带来的成就感，能极大地提升自信心)”提出学习乐器能提升自信心的观点。B项“它证明了你可以通过投入来克服挑战。”中的“it”指代前文“mastering a difficult piece or performing for an audience”的行为，解释了该行为为何能提升自信心，进一步强化观点，符合语境。故选B。 三、完形填空 （25-26高一上·陕西·月考）In the middle of the flowery Daliangshan Mountains in Liangshan Yi autonomous prefecture, Sichuan Province, a group of children are playing on the 1 soccer field at Wawu Primary School. The “Rosy Dream Soccer Field”, which was opened at the end of last December, is the second soccer field in the country to be 2 by the China Women’s National Football Team. The Chinese Women’s National Football Team has donated lots of money for the soccer field. Because of its 3 location (位置), Wawu is far from the city, known as the “school beyond the clouds”. In 2018, the school’s headmaster 4 a girls’ soccer team — following the founding of the boys’ team some years before — in the hope that it would help all the students 5 their athletic dreams. With the soccer field 6 , those dreams are a step closer to becoming reality. The teams 7 each morning and evening. “As their skills improve, they are becoming more 8 , and believe they can play soccer better,” Qubishigu told reporters, adding that the girls’ team had dozens of 9 after its founding. Now, more and more children in Daliangshan are enjoying playing soccer. Since the teams were created, more and more children in Wawu have been 10 into better middle schools, and have gone on to play on high school 11 teams. The school has also experienced many 12 . More spacious, brighter classrooms have been built, and there are now 226 students. The school’s 13 is written in red letters on the walls of the classrooms: “Let the mountain school become a place for 14 .” “I want to get more children 15 in soccer and help them achieve their dreams,” Qubishigu said. 1．A．big B．expert C．new D．wonderful 2．A．built B．supported C．designed D．advertised 3．A．distant B．exact C．convenient D．amazing 4．A．learned from B．heard of C．looked for D．set up 5．A．achieve B．find C．share D．protect 6．A．introduced B．beautified C．completed D．swept 7．A．run B．train C．study D．exercise 8．A．energetic B．smart C．brave D．confident 9．A．players B．competitors C．trainers D．winners 10．A．invited B．asked C．accepted D．led 11．A．basketball B．soccer C．badminton D．golf 12．A．changes B．tests C．difficulties D．adventures 13．A．habit B．rule C．saying D．advice 14．A．sports B．dreams C．promises D．decisions 15．A．stuck B．stayed C．experienced D．joined 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．D 9．A 10．C 11．B 12．A 13．C 14．B 15．D 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述的是在中国四川省凉山彝族自治州的大凉山腹地，瓦吾小学通过中国女足的支持建立了一个名为“玫瑰梦想球场”的新足球场，这个足球场帮助当地的孩子们，特别是女孩们，实现他们的运动梦想。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在四川省凉山彝族自治州花团锦簇的大凉山中央，一群孩子正在瓦屋小学新建的足球场上踢球。A. big大的；B. expert专业的；C. new新的；D. wonderful美妙的，极好的。根据下文“which was opened at the end of last December”可知，这个足球场是新的。故选C。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“玫瑰梦想球场”于去年12月底开放，是中国女足在国内资助的第二个足球场。A. built修建；B. supported支持，资助；C. designed设计；D. advertised为……做广告。根据下文“The Chinese Women’s National Football Team has donated lots of money for the soccer field”可知，这个球场是中国女足在国内资助的第二个足球场。故选B。 3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于地理位置偏远，瓦屋远离城市，被称为“云端小学”。A. distant偏远的；B. exact确切的；C. convenient方便的；D. amazing惊人的。根据下文“Wawu is far from the city, known as the “school beyond the clouds””可知，瓦屋地理位置偏远。故选A。 4．考查动词短语辨析。句意：2018年，该校校长在几年前成立了男生足球队之后成立了女生足球队，希望能帮助所有学生实现他们的体育梦想。A. learned from从……中学习；B. heard of听说；C. looked for寻找；D. set up建立。根据下文“following the founding of the boys’ team some years before”可知，此处指那个学校的校长建立了女生足球队。故选D。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2018年，该校校长在几年前成立了男生足球队之后成立了女生足球队，希望能帮助所有学生实现他们的体育梦想。A. achieve（经努力）达到，实现；获得成功；B. find发现；C. share分享；D. protect保护。根据下文“their athletic dreams”可知，那个校长在几年前成立了男生足球队之后又成立了女生足球队是希望能帮助所有学生实现他们的体育梦想。故选A。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着足球场的建成，这些梦想离现实又近了一步。A. introduced介绍；B. beautified美化；C. completed完成；D. swept扫除。根据第一段“The “Rosy Dream Soccer Field”, which was opened at the end of last December”可知，此处指足球场建成完工，孩子们离实现自己的梦想又更近了一步。故选C。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些队伍每天早晚训练。A. run跑步；B. train训练；C. study学习；D. exercise运动，锻炼。根据下文“each morning and evening”以及“As their skills improve”可知，这些球队每天早晚都训练，所以技术提高了。故选B。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“随着自身球技的提升，她们变得越发自信，也坚信自己能把足球踢得更好。” 库比希古告诉记者，并补充道，这支女子足球队自成立以来，队员人数已达数十人。A. energetic精力充沛的；B. smart聪明的；C. brave勇敢的；D. confident自信的。根据下文“believe they can play soccer better”可知，球员们变得更自信了。故选D。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“随着自身球技的提升，她们变得越发自信，也坚信自己能把足球踢得更好。” 库比希古告诉记者，并补充道，这支女子足球队自成立以来，队员人数已达数十人。A. players球员；B. competitors竞争者；C. trainers教练员；D. winners赢家，获胜者。根据上文“the girls’ team had dozens of”以及下文“Now, more and more children in Daliangshan are enjoying playing soccer”可知，女足队成立后有了几十名球员。故选A。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：自从这些球队成立以来，瓦屋越来越多的孩子进入了更好的中学，并继续在高中足球队踢球。A. invited邀请；B. asked问；C. accepted接受；D. led带领。根据下文“into better middle schools”可知，瓦屋越来越多的孩子进入了更好的中学，be accepted into意为“被接受进入，获准进入”符合语境。故选C。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：自从这些球队成立以来，瓦屋越来越多的孩子进入了更好的中学，并继续在高中足球队踢球。A. basketball篮球；B. soccer足球；C. badminton羽毛球；D. golf高尔夫。根据上文“a girls’ soccer team”可知，孩子们继续在高中的足球队踢球。故选B。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：学校也经历了许多变化。A. changes变化；B. tests测试；C. difficulties困难；D. adventures冒险。根据下文“More spacious, brighter classrooms have been built”可知，学校经历了很多变化。故选A。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：学校张贴的标语醒目地写在教室的墙壁上：“让这所山区学校成为梦想的殿堂。”A. habit习惯；B. rule规则；C. saying格言；D. advice建议。根据下文“Let the mountain school become a place for ____14___”可知，教室的墙上写的是格言。故选C。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：学校张贴的标语醒目地写在教室的墙壁上：“让这所山区学校成为梦想的殿堂。”A. sports运动；B. dreams梦想；C. promises承诺；D. decisions决定。根据下文“help them achieve their dreams”可知，校训是“让山村学校成为一个有梦想的地方”，故选B。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我希望让更多孩子参与到足球运动中来，帮助他们实现自己的梦想。”库比希古说道。A. stuck粘，贴；B. stayed停留；C. experienced经历；D. joined参加，加入。根据上文“I want to get more children”和下文“help them achieve their dreams”可知，库比希古是想让更多的孩子参与到足球中来，get sb. joined in意为“使某人参与到……中”符合语境。故选D。 四、语法填空 （25-26高二上·浙江衢州·期中）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 A conference, “The Three-Body Problem’s Overseas 10-Year Impact”, was recently held in Zhengzhou in Henan province, on Aug 22. Author Liu Cixin, along with over 400 publishing experts, scholars and readers from around the globe, gathered to reflect 1 the novel’s decade-long journey and discuss the future of Chinese science fiction on the 2 (globe) stage. Since the English version was first released in 2014, the 2015 Hugo Award-winner 3 (publish) in 42 languages, with foreign-language sales 4 (reach) 6.5 million copies. It has become one of contemporary China’s most translated and highest-selling literary 5 (work) overseas. Liu noted that the success of The Three-Body Problem comes from science fiction’s narrative power to portray a “shared human identity” and the “sense of futurism” 6 (bring) by China’s modernization. The 7 (combine) of a historic driving force and a strong literary influence has jointly created this world-class cultural marvel. The conference 8 (conclude) with a sense of optimism, signaling a new chapter for Chinese science fiction’s global expansion, evolving from simply “going out” to establishing deep cultural connections 9 influencing the international literary landscape. Organizers expressed the belief 10 moving forward, Chinese science fiction will continue to explore universal themes through its unique cultural perspective. 【答案】 1．on 2．global 3．has been published 4．reaching 5．works 6．brought 7．combination 8．concluded 9．and 10．that 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了“《三体》海外十年影响力发布会”，揭示中国科幻文学成功国际化的核心因素，并展望从文化输出到深度影响全球文坛的转型。 1．考查介词。句意：作者刘慈欣与全球400多位出版专家、学者和读者齐聚，回顾这部小说的十年历程，探讨中国科幻在全球舞台的未来发展。根据空后的“the novel’s decade-long journey”可知，此处应用固定搭配reflect on表示“回顾/思考某事”。故填on。 2．考查形容词。句意：作者刘慈欣与全球400多位出版专家、学者和读者齐聚，回顾这部小说的十年历程，探讨中国科幻在全球舞台的未来发展。空处作修饰stage的定语，应用形容词global，意为“全球的”。故填global。 3．考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：自2014年英文版首发以来，这部2015年雨果奖获奖作品已被翻译成42种语言，外文版销量达650万册。空处作句子的谓语，结合“Since the English version was first released in 2014”可知，时态应用现在完成时，表示过去的动作持续到现在，publish“发表”和主语the 2015 Hugo Award-winner之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是单数，助动词应用has。故填has been published。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：自2014年英文版首发以来，这部2015年雨果奖获奖作品已被翻译成42种语言，外文版销量达650万册。此处用了with的复合结构，空处作宾语补足语，reach“达到”和sales逻辑上是主动关系，应用reach的现在分词形式。故填reaching。 5．考查名词复数。句意：它已成为当代中国在海外翻译最多、销量最高的文学作品之一。固定结构“one of+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”意为“最……之一”，空处应用work“作品”的复数形式。故填works。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：刘慈欣指出，《三体》的成功源于科幻文学刻画“人类共同身份”的叙事力量，以及中国现代化带来的“未来感”。that引导的宾语从句中已有谓语comes from，空处是非谓语动词，作the “sense of futurism”的后置定语，bring“带来”和the “sense of futurism”逻辑上是被动关系，因此用bring的过去分词形式。故填brought。 7．考查名词。句意：历史驱动力与强大文学影响力的结合，共同造就了这一世界级文化奇观。空前有冠词The，空处作主语，名词combination符合题意，意为“结合”。故填combination。 8．考查动词时态。句意：会议在乐观氛围中落幕，标志着中国科幻全球化从单纯“走出去”转向建立深度文化连接并影响国际文坛的新阶段。空处作句子的谓语，短语conclude with意为“以……结束”，结合下一句中的“expressed”可知，本句也在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时。故填concluded。 9．考查连词。句意：会议在乐观氛围中落幕，标志着中国科幻全球化从单纯“走出去”转向建立深度文化连接并影响国际文坛的新阶段。空处连接前后两个动名词短语establishing deep cultural connections和influencing the international literary landscape，两者之间是顺承关系，应用并列连词and。故填and。 10．考查同位语从句。句意：主办方相信，未来中国科幻将继续通过独特文化视角探索普世主题。空处引导名词性从句作belief的同位语，同位语从句的成分和语义均完整，应用连接词that作引导词。故填that。 ( 1 / 21 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 Unit 4 Exploring poetry (选择必修一) 考点聚焦：核心考点+小考考点，有的放矢 重点速记：知识点+关键点梳理，查漏补缺 难点强化：难点内容+标注讲解，能力提升 学以致用：真题感知+提升专练，全面突破 重点单词 1. imply 　　　 vt. 含有……的意思, 暗示, 暗指 2. dimension n. 方面, 侧面; 规模, 程度; 维 3. grasp n. 理解, 领会; 抓紧, 握紧, 控制; 能力所及vt. 抓紧; 领会, 理解 4. rhyme n. 押韵词, 押韵vt. 使押韵vi. 和……同韵 5. complex adj. 复杂的, 难懂的n. 建筑群; 复合体; 情结 6. clue n. 线索, 提示; 迹象 7. cage vt. 把(动物)关在笼中n. 笼子 8. aside adv. 到旁边, 在旁边; 留, 存; 除……以外 9. remote adj. 偏远的, 偏僻的; 遥远的, 久远的; 远亲的 10. reward  vt. 奖励, 奖赏n. 奖励, 回报; 悬赏金 11. inner adj. 内心的, 隐藏的; 里面的, 内部的 12. perceive  vt. 注意到, 意识到, 将……理解为, 将……视为 13. ideal  n. 理想; 典范adj. 完美的, 理想的 14. rigid adj. 死板的, 僵硬的; 固执的, 僵化的 15. undergo vt. (underwent, undergone)经历, 经受 16. advocate vt. 拥护, 支持, 提倡n. 拥护者, 支持者; 辩护律师 17. district n. 区, 行政区; 地区, 区域 18. bend  vi. & vt. (bent, bent)(使)拐弯, 弯曲n. 拐弯, 弯道 19. claim n. 声明, 宣称; 所有权; 索赔vt. 宣称, 声称, 要求; 索取; 获得 20. hence  adv. 因此, 由此 21. dare  vi. & vt. 敢于, 胆敢; 激(某人做某事) 22. numerous adj. 众多的, 许多的 23. encounter vt. 偶然碰到, 意外地遇见; 遭遇, 碰到n. 相遇, 遭遇, 冲突 24. nourish  vt. 培养, 助长; 抚养, 滋养 25. boom n. (贸易和经济活动的)激增, 繁荣vi. 迅速发展, 激增, 繁荣昌盛 26. vitality n. 生命力, 活力, 热情 27. distinguish  vt. & vi. 成为……的特征, 使有别于; 区分, 辨别; 认出; 使出众 28. cast  vt. (cast, cast)投射; 向……投以(视线、笑容等); 投, 抛; 选派角色n. 全体演员; 投, 抛 29. owe  vt. 欠(情); 欠(债) 30. debt  n. 人情债, 情义, 恩情; 借款, 欠款, 债务 31. entitle vt. (usually passive)给……命名; 使享有权利, 使符合资格 32. blame vt. 把……归咎于, 责怪, 指责n. 责任, 责备, 指责 33. allowance n. 津贴, 补助; 限额; 零花钱 34. freeze v. 冰冻; (使)冻结, 结冰; (使)冻住, 冻堵; 严寒→ frozen adj. 结冰的, 冰封的; 冷冻的; 冻僵的→ freezing adj. 极冷的; 冰冻的; 冰点以下的  35. detect vt. 发现, 查明, 侦察出→ detector n. 探测器; 检测器  36. contradict v. 反驳; 驳斥; 批驳; 相矛盾; 相抵触; 相反→ contradictory adj. 互相矛盾的, 对立的  37. interpret vt. 解释, 阐释; 把……理解为, 领会; 演绎 vi. 口译→ interpreter n. 口译工作者; 口译译员  38. patient adj. 耐心的 n. 患者→ patience n. 耐心, 忍耐力 39. constant adj. 不断的; 连续发生的→ constantly adv. 始终, 一直  40. logic n. 逻辑; 逻辑学; 思维方式→ logical adj. 符合逻辑的; 必然的, 合乎情理的→ logically adv. 逻辑上; 合乎逻辑地 41. real adj. 真正的; 真实的; 真的; 实际存在的→reality n. 现实, 实际情况; 事实, 实际经历 42. mist n. 薄雾, 水汽→ misty adj. 模糊的; 多雾的; 不明晰的 43. novel n. 小说→ novelist n. 小说家  44. industry n. 工业→ industrial adj. 工业的→ industrialize v. (使)工业化→industrialization n. 工业化 45. belief n. 看法, 信念; 信仰; 相信, 信心→ believe v. 相信  46. strike vt. &vi. 突然想到; 撞, 碰; 打; 突击; 罢工; 划(火柴)n. 罢工; 袭击; 击; 打→ striking adj. 引人注目的, 显著的; 妩媚动人的, 标致的 核心考点 考点1 frozen adj.结冰的，冰封的；冷冻的；冻僵的→________ adj.冰点以下的；结冰的；极冷的n.冰点→________ v．(使)结冰，凝固；冷藏；冰冻；(因恐惧等而)呆住 (1)freezing point冰点 freezing cold 非常冷 above/below freezing 在冰点以上/下 (2)freeze (...) ______ death (使……)冻死 【答案】 freezing, freeze, to 【考点再现】单句语法填空 The supermarket has a wide selection of (freeze) meals for busy people.（25-26高一上·黑龙江大庆·期中） 【思路点拨】考查形容词。句意：这家超市为忙碌的人们提供了各种各样的冷冻食品。本空修饰名词meals，作前置定语，应用形容词frozen“冷冻的”。故填frozen。 【答案】frozen 考点2 grasp vt.& n．理解，领会；抓紧，握紧，控制；能力所及 (1)grasp that/wh从句 理解…… grasp sb._____ the hand/arm抓住某人的手/手臂 grasp __________ 尽力抓住 grasp a chance/an opportunity抓住机会 (2)have a grasp of sth. beyond one's grasp超出某人的理解能力 [名师点津]　grasp同catch一样，由“抓住”可引申为“理解，明白”。 【答案】by, at, 掌握某物 【考点再现】单句语法填空 Learning a foreign language involves (grasp) unfamiliar grammar rules and communication skills.（23-24高二下·重庆·期中） 【思路点拨】考查动名词。句意：学习一门外语需要掌握不熟悉的语法规则和沟通技巧。involve doing sth涉及做某事。动名词作宾语。故填grasping。 【答案】grasping 考点3 reward vt.奖励，奖赏，报答，酬谢 n．奖励，回报；酬谢；悬赏金；奖赏→________adj.值得做的；有益的) •reward sb ____ sth 用……奖赏某人 •as a reward _______...作为对……的报酬 in reward for为报答……；作为……的奖赏 [易混辨析]　reward/award reward 名词 指赏金、酬金或一些非金钱的报酬，多指对某人的工作或服务等的报答 动词 表示“报答，酬谢” award 名词 指奖品、奖金，其义与prize近似。指一种官方的奖励行为，往往指对在工作中取得成就或完成所提出要求的人而进行的一种奖励，强调荣誉而不在乎奖品的大小或奖金的多少，还可指某种奖项 【答案】rewarding, with, for, 【考点再现】单句语法填空 We all look forward to (reward) with a day off after finishing the big task.（25-26高二上·江苏扬州·期中） 【思路点拨】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们都期待着完成这项大任务后能得到一天的休息作为奖励。空处用于动词短语look forward to之后，应用动名词形式作宾语，且主语we与动词reward之间为被动关系，应用动名词的被动形式being rewarded。故填being rewarded。 【答案】being rewarded 考点4 advocate vt.拥护，支持，提倡 n．提倡者，拥护者，支持者；辩护律师 (1)advocate + that从句　　 主张…… advocate sth. 　　 提倡做某事 advocate sb. sth. It is advocated that...主张/提倡……[从句谓语动词用“ ”] (2)an advocate of sth. 【答案】doing, to do, (should)+动词原形，某事倡导者 【考点再现】单句语法填空 Animal rights (advocate) argue that zoos are really animal prisons and very often cruel.（25-26高三上·河南南阳·开学考试） 【思路点拨】考查名词。句意：动物权利倡导者认为动物园实际上是动物监狱，而且往往很残忍。根据空后谓语动词argue可知，此空应是可数名词复数形式advocates，意为“倡导者，拥护者”。此空是句子主语。故填advocates。 【答案】advocates 考点5 claim vt.声称，宣称；索要，索取；致命；认领；获得 n．声称，宣称；所有权；索赔 claim that/_______...声称…… claim to _______ sth 声称做过某事 claim for/make ________ claim for sth 就……提出要求 ________ is claimed that...据称……，据说…… 【答案】to do, have done sth. a, It 【考点再现】单句语法填空 You could (claim) the cost of the hotel room from your insurance, but you didn’t.（2025高三·全国·专题练习） 【思路点拨】考查情态动词+have done的用法。句意：你本可以从你的保险中索取旅馆住房费，但是你没有。根据“but you didn’t”可知此句表示“本可以做某事，但实际上没做”，应用could have done结构，故填have claimed。 【答案】have claimed 考点6 tolerant adj.宽容的，容忍的；能耐……的 →________vt.容忍；允许；忍受→_______n．容忍；忍耐力) •be tolerant _________________对……容忍/宽容 •tolerate (sb/sb’s) doing...容忍(某人)做…… 【答案】tolerate, tolerance, of/ towards 【考点再现】单句语法填空 Humans’ low for environmental pollution shows that we should be more of nature protection measures rather than behaviors that damage ecosystems. (tolerate)（2025高三·全国·专题练习） 【思路点拨】考查词性转换。句意：人类对环境污染的低容忍度表明，我们应该更能接受自然保护措施，而不是容忍破坏生态系统的行为。第一空位于形容词low之后，需用名词，tolerate的名词形式为tolerance，意为“容忍度”，所以第一空填tolerance；第二空位于系动词be之后，需用形容词作表语，tolerate的形容词形式为tolerant，be tolerant of为固定搭配，意为“能接受……”，所以第二空填tolerant；第三空与前面的“be”并列，且位于情态动词should之后，需用动词原形，所以第三空填tolerate。故填①tolerance②tolerant③tolerate。 【答案】tolerance tolerant tolerate 考点7 distinguish v．区分，辨别；分清；成为……的特征；使有别于；使出众→___________adj.卓越的；著名的；杰出的；高贵的；受尊重的) distinguish between A and B　区分A和B distinguish...________...使……有别于……；把……与……区分开来 distinguish oneself (as)(作为……而)出名；使自己出众 •be distinguished _________..因……而出名 be distinguished as...作为……而出名 【答案】distinguished, from, for 【考点再现】单句语法填空 The twins were so much alike that I have difficulty (distinguish) one from the other.（24-25高二上·陕西西安·期中） 【思路点拨】考查非谓语动词。句意：这对双胞胎长得太像了，我很难区分谁是谁。短语have difficulty (in) doing sth.意为“做某事有困难”，空处应用distinguish“区分”的动名词形式，作宾语，短语distinguish A from B意为“区分A和B”。故填distinguishing。 【答案】distinguishing 考点8 owe vt.欠(情)，欠(债)；归功于；归因于 •owe sb sth ＝owe sth to sb 欠某人某物；把……归功于…… owe it to sb that.../to do...把……归功于某人 owe an apology to sb/owe sb an apology_______ •owing to_______ 【答案】应向某人道歉, 由于 【考点再现】单句语法填空 Having witnessed the whole process, he knew he (owe) his friend a heartfelt apology.（2025高三·全国·专题练习） 【思路点拨】考查动词时态。句意：目睹了整个过程，他知道他应该向朋友真诚地道歉。此处为宾语从句的谓语动词，主句谓语动词“knew”为一般过去时，根据主从复合句时态一致原则，从句也应用相应的过去时态，owe是动词，意为“欠”，其过去式为owed。故填owed。 【答案】owed 考点9 blame n．责任，责备，指责 vt.责怪，指责，把……归咎于 •take/bear the blame ...对……负责；为……承担责任 put/lay the blame for sth on sb 把某事推到某人身上/归咎于某人 •blame sb for...因……而指责某人；把……归咎于某人 blame sth sb 把某事归咎于某人 be (for sth)(为某事)承担责任；(因某事)该受责备(主动形式表被动意义) 答案：for, on, to blame 【考点再现】单句语法填空 Don’t always blame your failure on others, sometimes you yourself are (blame). （24-25高二上·全国·课后作业） 【思路点拨】考查非谓语动词。句意：不要总是把你的失败归咎于别人，有时候你自己也有责任。be to blame是固定用法，意为“应受责备；该负责任”，主动形式表被动意义，动词不定式作表语。故填to blame。 【答案】to blame 考点10 belief n. 看法, 信念; 信仰; 相信, 信心→_________vt. &vi. 相信 (1)_____ is one’s belief that. . . 某人相信 beyond belief　　　　　 (因太大﹑太难﹑太可怕等)难以置信 hold the belief that. . . 相信, 认为 (2)believe in 相信 ______is believed that. . . 人们相信 [答案]：believe, It, it 【考点再现】单句语法填空 The legend seems at first, but people that this folk actually contains historical truths. (belief)（2025高三·全国·专题练习） 【思路点拨】考查形容词、动词和名词。句意：这个传说乍一看令人难以置信，但人们相信这个民间信仰实际上包含了历史真相。空1接在系动词“seems”后，应用形容词作表语，表示“难以置信的”，应填unbelievable；空2为谓语动词，根据前后句子可知应用一般现在时，主语“people”，谓语动词用原形，应填believe；空3为从句主语，应用名词，根据“contains”可知应用单数形式，应填belief。故填unbelievable；believe；belief。 【答案】unbelievable believe belief 重点短语 1. dig up 　　　　　 发现, 搜集, 查明  2. set sth. aside  把……放一边; 留出  3. break with sth. 与某事终止关联, 破除  4. make allowance for  体谅; 考虑到, 估计到  核心考点 考点1 dig up发现, 搜集, 查明 dig. . . ____　　挖出…… dig in/into sth. 把……插入…… dig ______ sth. 采掘探寻(黄金等); 挖掘某物 【答案】out, for 【考点再现】单句语法填空 Cutting down trees and (dig) up grass can cause deserts and sandstorms to increase. 【思路点拨】考查动名词。句意：砍伐树木和挖草会导致沙漠和沙尘暴增加。该空和动名词短语Cutting down trees并列，dig也用动名词形式作主语。故填digging。 【答案】digging 考点2 set sth. aside把……放一边；留出 set ______留出，存储 set out出发，开始 set _________ doing sth.开始做某事 set off出发；使爆炸；引发；激起 【答案】aside, about 【考点再现】单句语法填空 A group of boys were setting fireworks in the street. 【思路点拨】考查固定短语。句意：一群男孩在街上放烟花。根据句意及空前的“setting”可知，空处应填off，构成固定短语set off，表示“点燃，引爆”。故填off。 【答案】off 重点句型 1. even if引导状语从句 Even if its true meaning appears to be beyond your grasp, you can always say something about how the poem sounds when you read it aloud.   即使你无法理解诗歌的真正含义, 也总可以说出这首诗在朗读时听起来如何。 2. as long as引导状语从句 As long as the journey of poetry reading makes you feel something or lets you perceive another level of meaning, it will have been worth your effort.   只要读诗之旅能让你有所感悟, 或者让你领悟到另一层含义, 你的努力就是值得的。 3. Given. . . 考虑到…… Given his personal experiences and the historical background, it is only natural to see that the majority of Li Bai’s poems are characterized by the romantic style.   鉴于他的个人经历和历史背景, 李白多数作品皆富浪漫主义色彩就不足为奇了。 4. 完全倒装句 Equally impressive is Li Bai’s free expression of strong feelings, which breathes vitality into the lifeless objects he describes, and which distinguishes him from other landscape poets.   同样让人印象深刻的是李白强烈情感的自由抒发, 这为他笔下的无生命物体注入了生机, 也让他有别于其他山水诗人。 5. as if 引导的状语从句 Second, approach the poem as if you were an explorer in an unfamiliar landscape. 第二，把这首诗当作一个探索陌生风景的探险家。 核心考点 1. as if 引导状语从句 [教材原句]　Second, approach the poem as if you were an explorer in an unfamiliar landscape. 第二，把这首诗当作一个探索陌生风景的探险家。 (1)as if引导方式状语从句。其用法和意义与as though相似，都表示“好像，仿佛”之意；在look、seem、feel、sound等系动词后可引导表语从句。 (2)当as if引导的方式状语从句或表语从句所表示的情况不是事实，而是主观的想象或夸大性的比喻时，从句通常用虚拟语气。as if/though从句用虚拟语气的情况： a．当从句表示与现在事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用一般过去时，be动词用were； b．当从句表示与过去事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”形式； c．当从句表示与将来事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用“could/might/would＋动词原形”。 【考点再现】单句语法填空 She opened her mouth as if (say) something. 【思路点拨】考查省略。句意:她张开嘴好像要说什么。as if引导状语从句中主语与主句主语一致并且包含be动词，则可以省略从句中的主语和be动词。根据语境，她似乎是打算要说些什么，应表示为as if she was to say something，可省略为as if to say something。故填to say。 【答案】to say 重点语法 考点一 非谓语动词作主语和表语 1．作主语 (1) 非谓语动词中能作主语的有动名词和不定式。动名词作主语表示一般的、抽象的或习惯性的动作,不定式作主语表示具体的、一次性的或尚未做的动作 (2) it作形式主语,代替真正作主语的不定式或动名词 2．作表语 非谓语动词中能作表语的有现在分词、过去分词、动名词和不定式。现在分词作表语意为“令人……的”,而过去分词作表语意为“感到……的” 注:get、 become、 look、 seem、 appear等系动词后可接过去分词作表语,表示被动或主语的状态 【考点再现】单句语法填空 (give) a second chance by his boss made him happy.（25-26高二上·江苏扬州·期中） 【思路点拨】考查非谓语动词。句意：被老板给予第二次机会让他很开心。分析句子结构可知，此空作句子主语，应用动名词，且“他”是“被给予”机会，应用动名词的被动语态，即being given，句首单词，字母应大写。故填Being given。 【答案】Being given 考点二 非谓语动词作宾语 后接动名词作宾语的动词(短语)有suggest、 imagine、 mind、 admit、 practise、 allow、 risk、 keep、 keep on、 avoid、 escape、 enjoy、 consider、 excuse、 finish、 miss、 insist on、 look forward to、 feel like、 get down to、 object to等 后接不定式作宾语的动词(短语)有wish、 hope、 decide、 refuse、 promise、 pretend、 manage、 plan、 fail、 choose、 would like等 Why did Patrick keep on asking the same question? 为什么帕特里克总是问同样的问题呢? She doesn‘t talk to you and refuses to text or phone you back. 她不跟你说话,也不回你的短信或电话。 既可接动名词又可接不定式的动词(短语)有remember、forget、regret、stop、go on、mean、start、begin、try等,但意义上有区别 forget to do sth 忘记去做某事(未做) forget doing sth忘记做过某事(已做或已发生) stop to do sth 停止(某事)去做另一件事 stop doing sth停止正在做的事 remember to do sth 记住去做某事(未做) remember doing sth 记得做过某事(已做) regret to do sth 对要做的事感到遗憾 regret doing sth 对做过的事表示后悔 try to do sth 努力做某事 try doing sth 尝试做某事 need、 require、 want作“需要”讲以及deserve作“应受,应得”讲时,其后接动名词的主动形式或不定式的被动式 it作形式宾语,代替真正作宾语的不定式或动名词 【考点再现】单句语法填空 Learning that Jenny had cheated me, I avoided her during school all day and don’t feel like (respond) to her online messages.（25-26高一上·江苏扬州·期中） 【思路点拨】考查非谓语动词。句意：得知珍妮欺骗了我，我一整天在学校都避开她，而且不想回复她的网上消息。“feel like doing sth.”为固定搭配，意为“想要做某事”，介词“like”后需接动名词作宾语；respond的动名词形式为responding。故填responding。 【答案】responding 考点三 非谓语动词作宾语补足语 1.“五看二听一感觉”的感官动词(短语),如see、 watch、 observe、 notice、 look at、 hear、 listen to、 feel,后面的宾语补足语有三种常见的非谓语动词形式(do/doing/done)。do表示主动或完成(被动句应补上不定式符号to),doing表示主动或正在进行,done表示被动或完成 2.使役动词后面的宾语补足语。常见的使役动词有make、 leave、 keep、 have、 get等 (1) 宾语和宾语补足语之间表示主动的结构 make sb do sth 使得某人做某事 get sb to do sth 使得某人开始做某事(强调使/让……开始行动起来) have sb do sth 使得某人做某事 have sb doing sth 使得某人(持续)做某事 (2) 宾语和宾语补足语之间表示被动的结构 make/get/have sth done使/让某事被做 leave sth to be done 留下……要被做 常跟不定式作宾补的动词有advise、 allow、 ask、 beg、 encourage、 expect、 forbid、 force、 get、 intend、 invite、 like、 order、 persuade、 prefer、 require、 teach、 remind、 tell、 want等 with/without复合结构 sb/sth doing(表示主动、进行或特征) with/without sth done(表示被动、完成或状态) with/without sth to do(表示将来) 【考点再现】单句语法填空 Waiting for the exam results, she found herself (fill) with anxiety. （25-26高一上·山东济宁·期中） 【思路点拨】考查非谓语动词。句意：等待考试结果时，她发现自己满心焦虑。根据“find oneself + 宾语补足语”的固定结构，且“fill”与宾语“herself”之间为被动关系（某人被某种情绪充满），需用过去分词形式作补足语，“be filled with”为固定搭配，意为“充满……”。故填filled。 【答案】filled 考点四 非谓语动词作状语 1.不定式作状语 (1) 通常表示目的,相当于in order to或so as to,以示强调 (2) 表示结果时常用于too...to...、only to...、never to...等结构中 (3) 可用在某些形容词的后面 2.分词作状语 分词作状语可表示时间、条件、原因、伴随、让步、方式和结果等 注:现在分词和only to do sth都可以表示结果。但是现在分词作状语表示顺理成章的结果,即由于前句动作的发生而造成的结果;而only to do sth表示出乎意料的(往往是不太好的)结果 【考点再现】单句语法填空 (face) with severe floods in some areas, the government is taking active measures to ensure people’s safety.（25-26高二上·上海·期中） 【思路点拨】考查非谓语动词。句意：面对部分地区的严重洪灾，政府正在采取积极措施保障民众安全。固定搭配be faced with表示“面对”，此处作状语省略be动词。句首单词首字母大写，故填Faced。 【答案】Faced 考点五 非谓语动词作定语 1.不定式作定语 (1) 不定式作定语表示将来的动作 (2) 有些名词后大多用不定式作定语,如ability、desire、attempt、 chance、 decision、 effort、 failure、 promise、 offer、 way、 time、 wish等 (3) 被修饰的名词前有序数词、形容词最高级或next、last、only、not a、the等限定词时,只能用不定式 2.分词作定语* (1) 现在分词表示主动意义;过去分词表示被动意义 (2) 现在分词表示正在进行;过去分词表示状态或完成 注:动词不定式的被动式强调的是一个即将要发生的被动动作;现在分词的被动式表示一个正在进行的被动动作;过去分词的被动式表示发生在过去的被动动作. 【考点再现】单句语法填空 The ground was covered with (fall) leaves after the strong wind.（25-26高二上·江苏扬州·期中） 【思路点拨】考查形容词。句意：大风过后，地面上铺满了落叶。空处需填形容词作定语，修饰名词leaves，表示“落下的”应用fallen。故填fallen。 【答案】fallen 考点六 非谓语动词的时态与语态 类别 时态 语态 主动 被动 不定式 一般式 to do to be done 进行式 to be doing — 完成式 to have done to have been done 现在分词 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done 过去分词 一般式 done — 非谓语动词与逻辑主语(通常是句子的主语)之间存在主谓或动宾关系。与逻辑主语之间存在主谓关系时,用主动形式;与逻辑主语之间存在动宾关系时,用被动形式 Tip 2 非谓语动词的时态 (1) 非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后或同时发生,用一般式 (2) 非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前,用完成式 【考点再现】单句语法填空 (spend) over 30 years in the field, Professor Zhang has become a leading expert in cultural heritage protection. （2026高三·全国·专题练习） 【思路点拨】考查非谓语动词。句意：张教授在这个领域已经花费了30多年，他已经成为文化遗产保护方面的顶尖专家。“(spend) over 30 years in the field”作状语，spend(花费)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语“Professor Zhang”之间是主动关系，且“花费了30多年”发生在“成为专家”之前，应用现在分词的完成式表主动和已经发生；句首单词首字母大写。故填Having spent。 【答案】Having spent 1．（25-26高一上·四川达州·月考）Without enough information, we decided to postpone (make) any decision. (所给词的适当形式填空) 2．（25-26高二上·上海·期中）Research has been devoted to (figure) out whether class size matters to learners’ academic performance. (所给词的适当形式填空) 3．（25-26高二上·山西临汾·期中）When talking with others, you should avoid (look) into their eyes. (所给词的适当形式填空) 4．（25-26高二上·山西临汾·期中） (kill) by a shark was used to happen in those days. (所给词的适当形式填空) 5．（25-26高二上·山西临汾·期中） (travel) along the old Silk Road is an interesting and (reward) experience. (所给词的适当形式填空) 6．（25-26高一上·黑龙江哈尔滨·月考）After moving to a new country, many people end up (adapt) to the local customs without even realizing it. (所给词的适当形式填空) 7．（25-26高一上·黑龙江哈尔滨·月考）A man once (bite) by a snake will for ten years sh y at a rope.  (所给词的适当形式填空) 8．（25-26高二上·广东东莞·月考） (expose) to sunshine long is known to damage the skins of people. (所给词的适当形式填空) 9．（25-26高二上·广东东莞·月考）The poor assistant missed the presentation and felt very frustrated, so his friend kept (comfort) him. (所给词的适当形式填空) 10．（25-26高二上·山东济宁·期中） (develop) good habits is important for young children’s growth. (所给词的适当形式填空) 11．（25-26高一上·广东·月考）The movie, (base) on a true story, is very popular among young people. (所给词的适当形式填空) 12．（25-26高一上·广东惠州·期中） (recommend) a book that you love to a friend is often the start of a wonderful and shared experience. (所给词的适当形式填空) 13．（25-26高一上·上海黄浦·期中）While he has recovered a lot, he has difficulty (lie) on his back for a long time. (所给词的适当形式填空) 14．（25-26高一上·江苏无锡·月考）The accident on the morning of last Sunday resulted in three . (kill) （所给词的适当形式填空） 15．（25-26高二上·广东深圳·期中）From then on, if I wanted to read a book with an ending (guarantee) to be happy, I’d pick up a love romance. (所给词的适当形式填空) 16．（25-26高二上·江苏无锡·期中） (bury) in her research on ancient history, she didn’t notice that the library was about to close. (所给词的适当形式填空) 17．（25-26高二上·黑龙江哈尔滨·月考）During the educational field trip to the mountain, we deeply realized the difficulty we had (protect) wild animals, whose living environment was at risk. (所给词的适当形式填空) 18．（25-26高二上·江苏扬州·期中）With (strike) imagination in expressions, this early poem already displayed signs of a romantic style. (所给词的适当形式填空) 19．（2026高三·全国·专题练习） (ask) about the key to his team’s championship win at the National Youth Robotics Competition, the coach attributed their success to persistent experimentation and teamwork. (所给词的适当形式填空) 20．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）Neuralink, (found) by Elon Musk, plans to begin clinical trials in the United States in October 2025 of the Brain-Computer Interface (BCI)... (所给词的适当形式填空) 提升专练 一、阅读理解 （25-26高一上·山东枣庄·期中）Laptop computers are popular all over the world. People use them on trains and airplanes in airports and hotels. These laptops connect people to their workplace. In the United States today laptops also connect students to their classrooms. Westlake College in Virginia will start a laptop computer program that allows students to do schoolwork anywhere they want. Within five years, each of the 1500 students at the college will receive a laptop. The laptops are part of a $10 million computer program at Westlake, a 110-year-old college. The students with laptops will also have access to the Internet. In addition, they will be able to use e-mail to “speak” with their teachers, their classmates, and their families. However, the most important part of the laptop program is that students will be able to use computers without going to computer labs. They can work with it at home in a fast-food restaurant or under the trees — anywhere at all! Because of the many changes in computer technology, laptop use in higher education such as colleges and universities is workable. As laptops become more powerful, they become more similar to desktop computers. In addition, the portable computers can connect students to not only the Internet but also libraries and other resources. State higher-education officials are studying how laptops can help students. State officials are also testing laptop programs at other universities too. At Westlake College, more than 60 percent of the staff use computers. The laptops will allow all teachers to use computers in their lessons. As one Westlake teacher said, “Here we are in the middle of Virginia and we’re giving students a window on the world. They can see everything and do everything.” 1．What is the main purpose of the laptop computer program? A．To help people work at home. B．To connect students to libraries. C．To encourage students to surf the Internet. D．To allow students to do schoolwork anywhere. 2．Which of the following is True about Westlake College? A．All teachers use computers. B．1500 students of the college will receive laptops. C．The laptop program receives the government’s funding. D．Students there can do everything. 3．What’s some teachers’ attitude towards the program? A．Doubtful. B．Worrying. C．Supportive. D．Uncaring 4．What is the best title for the text? A．A Laptop Program in Westlake College B．Laptop Computers Make People Closer C．A Famous College in Virginia: Westlake D．Computer Technology Provides Resources 2、 阅读七选五 （25-26高二上·河北秦皇岛·期中）The Benefits of Learning a Musical Instrument We often hear about the joys of music, but the benefits of actively learning to play an instrument go far beyond simple entertainment. Neuroscience has shown that engaging with music in this way provides a powerful workout for the brain, leading to a wide range of cognitive and emotional advantages. 1 Playing an instrument requires the brain to process multiple pieces of information at once: reading sheet music, translating it into motor movements, listening to the sound produced, and adjusting in real-time. This strengthens the corpus callosum, the bridge between the brain’s two hemispheres, leading to improved problem-solving skills and creativity. Furthermore, learning music is a masterclass in patience and discipline. 2 This process teaches delayed gratification and the value of persistent effort, qualities that are transferable to academic and professional life. 3 It can be a powerful outlet for expressing emotions that are hard to put into words. Playing a piece of music can be a form of stress relief, providing a focus that calms the mind and reduces anxiety. 4 Being part of a band, orchestra, or even a casual jam session fosters teamwork, communication, and a sense of belonging You learn to listen to others and work together to create something greater than the sum of its parts. Finally, the sense of achievement that comes from mastering a difficult piece or performing for an audience is a tremendous boost to self - confidence. 5 So, whether you’re picking up a guitar for the first time or returning to the piano, remember that you’re not just making music — you’re building a better brain. A．Music also has significant social benefits. B．It proves that you can overcome challenges with dedication. C．Unlike passive listening, playing an instrument is a complex task. D．Musical training is primarily about becoming a famous musician. E．There is no doubt that music is the best way to relieve stress. F．It requires regular and focused practice to see progress. G．On an emotional level, making music can be incredibly therapeutic. 三、完形填空 （25-26高一上·陕西·月考）In the middle of the flowery Daliangshan Mountains in Liangshan Yi autonomous prefecture, Sichuan Province, a group of children are playing on the 1 soccer field at Wawu Primary School. The “Rosy Dream Soccer Field”, which was opened at the end of last December, is the second soccer field in the country to be 2 by the China Women’s National Football Team. The Chinese Women’s National Football Team has donated lots of money for the soccer field. Because of its 3 location (位置), Wawu is far from the city, known as the “school beyond the clouds”. In 2018, the school’s headmaster 4 a girls’ soccer team — following the founding of the boys’ team some years before — in the hope that it would help all the students 5 their athletic dreams. With the soccer field 6 , those dreams are a step closer to becoming reality. The teams 7 each morning and evening. “As their skills improve, they are becoming more 8 , and believe they can play soccer better,” Qubishigu told reporters, adding that the girls’ team had dozens of 9 after its founding. Now, more and more children in Daliangshan are enjoying playing soccer. Since the teams were created, more and more children in Wawu have been 10 into better middle schools, and have gone on to play on high school 11 teams. The school has also experienced many 12 . More spacious, brighter classrooms have been built, and there are now 226 students. The school’s 13 is written in red letters on the walls of the classrooms: “Let the mountain school become a place for 14 .” “I want to get more children 15 in soccer and help them achieve their dreams,” Qubishigu said. 1．A．big B．expert C．new D．wonderful 2．A．built B．supported C．designed D．advertised 3．A．distant B．exact C．convenient D．amazing 4．A．learned from B．heard of C．looked for D．set up 5．A．achieve B．find C．share D．protect 6．A．introduced B．beautified C．completed D．swept 7．A．run B．train C．study D．exercise 8．A．energetic B．smart C．brave D．confident 9．A．players B．competitors C．trainers D．winners 10．A．invited B．asked C．accepted D．led 11．A．basketball B．soccer C．badminton D．golf 12．A．changes B．tests C．difficulties D．adventures 13．A．habit B．rule C．saying D．advice 14．A．sports B．dreams C．promises D．decisions 15．A．stuck B．stayed C．experienced D．joined 四、语法填空 （25-26高二上·浙江衢州·期中）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 A conference, “The Three-Body Problem’s Overseas 10-Year Impact”, was recently held in Zhengzhou in Henan province, on Aug 22. Author Liu Cixin, along with over 400 publishing experts, scholars and readers from around the globe, gathered to reflect 1 the novel’s decade-long journey and discuss the future of Chinese science fiction on the 2 (globe) stage. Since the English version was first released in 2014, the 2015 Hugo Award-winner 3 (publish) in 42 languages, with foreign-language sales 4 (reach) 6.5 million copies. It has become one of contemporary China’s most translated and highest-selling literary 5 (work) overseas. Liu noted that the success of The Three-Body Problem comes from science fiction’s narrative power to portray a “shared human identity” and the “sense of futurism” 6 (bring) by China’s modernization. The 7 (combine) of a historic driving force and a strong literary influence has jointly created this world-class cultural marvel. The conference 8 (conclude) with a sense of optimism, signaling a new chapter for Chinese science fiction’s global expansion, evolving from simply “going out” to establishing deep cultural connections 9 influencing the international literary landscape. Organizers expressed the belief 10 moving forward, Chinese science fiction will continue to explore universal themes through its unique cultural perspective. 1 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $