Unit6 课时4 Thinking Skills&Reading Strategies（课件）【趣味课堂】英语新教材仁爱科普版八年级上册

该初中英语课件围绕太阳系主题，系统涵盖内/外行星分类、小行星带作用、核心词汇（如diameter, separate）及比较对比、文本总结等技能，通过Lead in引入小行星带，以太阳与地球表格对比为示例，逐步过渡到内行星与外行星的表格分析及小组对话，搭建从具体到抽象的学习支架。 其亮点在于融合思维品质（比较分析）、语言能力（对话表达）和学习能力（信息概括），通过行星对比表格、pair work对话练习（如讨论内行星大小与组成）及文本总结活动（提取太阳重要性的主题句），落实“对比-表达-概括”教学链。学生能提升英语逻辑表达，教师可借助结构化活动高效推进教学。

Exploring Lesson 4 Thinking Skills &Reading Strategies Unit 6 Earth and Beyond 目录 CONTENTS Lead in 01 Pre-reading 02 While-reading 03 Post-reading 04 Language points 05 Exercise&Homework 06 Lesson Objectives: In this lesson, we will be able to: 1. Use key words and expressions related to the solar system (e.g., diameter, asteroid belt, inner/outer planets, etc.) in context. 2. Compare and contrast the inner and outer planets using a table. Identify main ideas and supporting details in a text. 3. Write a simple summary using their own words. Express personal opinions about planetary features. 3 Lead in Welcome to the Solar System! Look: the 4 closest to the Sun are called inner planets. inner /'ɪnə(r)/ adj. 内部的 Asteroid Belt (小行星带) It separates the planets into two group—the inner planets and the outer planets separate...into... 把....分成..... inner planets (内行星) Mercury n. 水星 /'mɜ:kjəri/ Venus n. 金星 /'vi:nəs/ Earth n. 地球 Mars n. 火星 /mɑ:z/ The 4 farther ones are outer planets (外行星). outer /'aʊtə(r)/ adj. 外围的 Jupiter n. 木星 /'dʒu:pɪtə(r)/ Saturn n. 土星 /'sætɜ:n/ Uranus n. 天王星 /'jʊərənəs/ Neptune n. 海王星 /'neptju:n/ Thinking Skills Comparing and contrasting 比较与对比 Tables are useful tools to make comparisons. For example, we can compare different traits of many things by using one table. 表格是进行对比的实用工具。例如，我们可以通过一张表格来比较多个事物的不同特征。 To compare, we tell how things are similar. To contrast, we tell how things are different. a star in the solar system a planet Activity 1 Read the text and learn how to compare and contrast similar things. Earth is one of the eight planets of the solar system. The diameter of Earth is around 13,000 kilometers. It looks blue and green, and it is the only planet with life in the solar system. The sun is a star. It has a diameter of about 1,391,400 kilometers. It may look yellow, orange, or even red, but its real color is white. There are no living things on the Sun. type diameter color with life Object Type Diameter (kilometers) Color With life Sun star 1,391,400 No Earth 13,000 blue and green white planet Yes have a diameter of 直径是..... Read the text and complete the table. Activity 2 In the solar system, the Sun is in the center, and eight planets go around it. Asteroid Belt separates the planets into two groups — the inner planets and the outer planets. The inner planets are Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars. They are closer to the Sun. The outer planets include Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. They are farther away. The inner planets are smaller and made of rocks and soil, while the outer planets are larger and made of gas with rocks inside. Group Planets Size Elements the inner planets Mercury, ________, Earth and Mars smaller rocks and ________ the outer planets Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune ________ gas with _________ inside Venus soil larger rocks Retell the text. Activity 2 In our solar system, the _________ is at the center. There are _________ planets that go around it. These planets are divided into two groups by the Asteroid Belt. The planets closer to the Sun are called the _________ planets, which include Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars. They are relatively _________ in size and they are made mainly of _________ and soil. The planets farther from the Sun are known as the _________ planets. This group includes Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. They are much _________ in size compared to the inner planets and are mainly made of _________, often with rocky cores inside. Sun eight inner smaller rocks outer larger gas Activity 3 Pair work. Discuss the differences between the inner and outer planets based on Activity 2. Group Planets Size Elements the inner planets Mercury, Venus smaller rocks and soil the outer planets Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune larger gas with rocks inside You may begin like this: Asteroid Belt separates the planets into two groups — the inner planets and the outer planets. The inner planets are… They are smaller than … In the outer planet, there are … Activity 3 Pair work. Inner planets are smaller, right? Yes! And they’re made of rocks and _______ Outer planets are _______ (large) and made of gas with rocks _________. soil larger inside Activity 3 Pair work. Asteroid Belt _________ the planets ______ two groups. Inner planets include Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars. What about outer planets? They _________ Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. include separates into Language points Activity 1 (P96) 1. It has a diameter of about 1,391,400 kilometers. 它的直径约为1391400千米。 diameter n. “直径”。 a/the diameter of “直径为······”。 e.g. Earth has a diameter of around 13,000 kilometers. 地球的直径约为13000千米。 拓展：in diameter 意为“直径”。 e.g. The dome is 42.3 meters in diameter. 这个穹顶直径为42.3米。 【即时练习】它的直径是地球直径的53%。（完成译句） Its __________ is 53% as wide as that of the earth. diameter Language points Activity 1 (P96) 2. Asteroid Belt separates the planets into two groups—the inner planets and the outer planets. 小行星带将太阳系的行星分为两部分—内行星和外行星。 separate v. “（使）分开；划分”。 separate...into... “把······分成/分为······”。 e.g. She separated the cake into six equal pieces. 她把蛋糕分成六等分。 拓展：separate...from... “把······和······分开”。 eg. You need to separate the white clothes from other colored ones before washing. 在洗衣服前你需要把白色衣服和其他颜色的衣服分开。 【即时练习】 I can't see them clearly.Can you help me ______ green beans ______the beans? A.separate；from B. divide；into C. separate；into D. divide；from A Language points Activity 1 (P96) 3. They are closer to the Sun. 它们离太阳更近。 be close to “离······很近”；其中close也可用closer或the closest替换，意为“离······更近”或“离······最近”。 e.g. My home is close to my school. 我家离学校很近。 链接: close作形容词时还可意为“亲密的；密切的”。 e.g. Yunyun is a very close friend of mine. 芸芸是我一个很亲密的朋友。 【即时练习】 —Which city do you think is ________ from Wuxi, Yantai or Qinhuangdao? —Qinhuangdao. And Wuxi is ________ to Shanghai. A. the farthest; closer B. farthest; the more close C. farther; the most close D. farther; the closest D Language points Activity 1 (P96) 4. The inner planets are smaller and made of rocks and soil, while the outer planets are larger and made of gas with rocks inside. 内行星更小，它们由岩石和土壤组成；而外行星更大，它们由气体组成，内有岩石。 while 在这里作连词，意为“（对比两件事物）······而，······然而”，表示两种情况的比较。 e.g. Li Xiang likes maths while I like English. 李想喜欢数学，然而我喜欢英语。 拓展：① while作连词时还可意为“当······的时候；与······同时”，引导 时间状语从句。 注意：while引导时间状从句语时，从句的谓语动词常用延续性动词或 表示状态的动词。它强调主句和从句的动作同时发生。 e.g. My mother is cooking in the kitchen, while my father is reading in the study. 我妈妈正在厨房做饭，我爸爸正在书房看书。 Language points Activity 1 (P96) 4. The inner planets are smaller and made of rocks and soil, while the outer planets are larger and made of gas with rocks inside. 内行星更小，它们由岩石和土壤组成；而外行星更大，它们由气体组成，内有岩石。 ② while还可作名词，意为“一段时间；一会儿”。 常用短语：for a while 一会儿 after a while 过了一会儿 e.g. I only stayed for a short while. 我只待了一小会儿。 After a while, Li Li started to relax a little. 过了一会儿，李丽开始放松了一些。 【即时练习】 My father was working on his project, _______ my mother was mopping the floor. A.as soon as B. while C. when D. after B Reading strategies Summarizing Reading Strategies Summarizing 总结/概括 To write a good summary, you need to identify all the important information and then write in your own words. 要写出一篇好的摘要，你需要找出所有重要信息，然后用自己的话重新表述。 What does the Sun give us? Why is the Sun so important? Let’s find out in the text! Activity 1 Read the text. Underline the topic sentence for the main idea and the key sentences for each supporting detail. Why is the sun so important? There are at least two reasons: It keeps the planets in the solar system. The sun is the biggest object in the system. It has the power to keep all the planets moving around it. It gives heat and light to the earth. The heat gives the just right temperature to give the living things on the earth. The light is important for people and animals to get energy, and plants need the light to grow. Main idea Supporting details at least 至少 keep sb./sth. doing sth. 让某人/某物一直做某事 be important for 对......重要 Activity 1 Read again and answer. Why is the sun so important? There are at least two reasons: It keeps the planets in the solar system. The sun is the biggest object in the system. It has the power to keep all the planets moving around it. It gives heat and light to the earth. The heat gives the just right temperature to give the living things on the earth. The light is important for people and animals to get energy, and plants need the light to grow. What does the Sun give us? Why is the Sun so important? The Sun gives us heat and light. It keeps all the planets moving around it. It gives heat and light to the earth. Activity 2 Read the text above again and complete the summay. Why is the sun so important? There are at least two reasons: It keeps the planets in the solar system. The sun is the biggest object in the system. It has the power to keep all the planets moving around it. It gives heat and light to the earth. The heat gives the just right temperature to give the living things on the earth. The light is important for people and animals to get energy, and plants need the light to grow. The text mainly talks about the importance of ______________. In the text, we can find _______________________ in the solar system, and _________________________________________. Summary: the sun it keeps the plants it gives heat and light to the earth Activity 3 Read the text and underline the important information, and then complete the summary. The earth is our only home planet. It is neither too close nor too far from the sun. This helps the earth get enough light and heat from the sun. The earth is large, and it can hold the right type of air around it. Besides, there is plenty of water as well as some dry land on the surface of the earth. With water and land, people can live and grow food on the earth. This text is mainly about why the ___________________________. The main reasons are enough _________ and _________________, the right type of ________________, plenty of ___________ and some _____________on the earth’s surface. Summary: earth is our only home planet light heat from the sun air around it water dry land neither...nor... 既不...也不... get...from... 从....得到.... Activity 3 Read again and answer. The earth is our only home planet. It is neither too close nor too far from the sun. This helps the earth get enough light and heat from the sun. The earth is large, and it can hold the right type of air around it. Besides, there is plenty of water as well as some dry land on the surface of the earth. With water and land, people can live and grow food on the earth. Why can the earth get enough light and heat? What helps Earth hold air? What things on the earth’s surface help people live and grow food? Because it is neither too close nor too far from the sun. Plenty of water and some dry land. Its large size. Language points Activity 1 (P97) 5. There are at least two reasons: ... 至少有两个理由：······ at least “至少；不少于”，可用来表示数量或时间的最低限度、表达 安慰或让步等。其反义短语是 at most，意为“至多；不超过”。 e.g. The doctor advised me to do exercise at least 4 times a week. 医生建议我一周至少锻炼4次。 She may be slow but at least she writes so carefully. 她也许写得慢，但至少她写得很认真。 【即时练习】 The woman looks young, but in fact she is _______ fifty years old. A.at most B. at least C. at less D. at more B Language points Activity 1 (P97) 6. The heat gives the just right temperature to the living things on the earth. 热量给了地球上的生物刚刚好的温度。 just right “刚刚好；恰到好处”。此时just在这里意为“正好；恰好”。 e.g. For him, everything always has to be just right. 对他来说，一切都要恰到好处。 This jacket is just my size. 这件夹克正好是我的尺寸。 【即时练习】今天的天气正适合去野营。（完成译句） The weather today is ________ ________ for going camping. just right Language points Activity 3 (P97) 7. It is neither too close nor too far from the sun. 它离太阳既不太近也不太远。 neither...nor...是并列连词词组，意为“既不······也不······”，表示否定含义，在句中可以连接两个并列的成分。 e.g. She likes neither math nor English. 她既不喜欢数学也不喜欢英语。 This pair of pants is neither big nor small. 这条裤子不大也不小。 注意：当neither...nor...连接两个并列的主语时，谓语动词要与最近的 主语在人称和数上保持一致，即遵循就近原则。 e.g. Neither the sons nor the father is wrong. 儿子们和父亲都没有错。 【即时练习】_______her husband _______her son is so active as her． They don’t like to talk much． A. Not only, but also B. Either, nor C. Either, or D. Neither, nor D Language points Activity 3 (P97) 8. This helps the earth get enough light and heat from the sun. 这帮助地球从太阳那儿得到了足够的光热。 get...from... “从······得到······”。 e.g. I can get much happiness from this job. 我能从这份工作中得到很多快乐。 What can you get from the trip to Beijing? 北京之行你获得了什么？ 【即时练习】 我从父母那里拿零用钱。（完成译句） I ________ pocket money _________ my parents. get from Exercises I. 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. The ____________ of Jupiter is much larger than that of Earth, making it the biggest planet in the solar system. 2. Scientists believe the ____________ planets are mainly composed of rocks and soil. 3. Hydrogen and helium are the main ____________ that make up the outer planets. 4. ____________ is the closest planet to the Sun and belongs to the inner planets. 5. This book ____________ introductions to all eight planets in the solar system. diameter inner outer Mercury gas include rock diameter inner gas Mercury includes 30 Exercises II. 根据汉语提示或用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. The asteroid belt ____________ (separate) the inner planets from the outer planets. 2. Uranus and Neptune are ____________ (main) made of ice and gas, so they are called "ice giants". 3. The ____________ (inside) of Saturn is thought to have a solid core surrounded by layers of gas. 4. We should spend ____________ (至少) one hour learning about the solar system every week. 5. Neither the outer planets nor the inner planet __________ (be) too far from the Sun for life (except some). separates mainly inside at least is 31 Exercises III. 完成译句 (每空一词)。 1. 土星既不是由纯岩石构成，也不是由纯气体构成。 Saturn is ________ made of pure rock ________ pure gas. 2. 小行星带将太阳系的行星分为内行星和外行星两组。 The asteroid belt _________ the planets in the solar system ________ two groups: inner planets and outer planets. 3. 天王星和海王星离太阳很远，它们主要由冰和气体组成。 Uranus and Neptune are far from the Sun, and they are ________ ________ of ice and gas. 4. 火星的直径约为 6779 千米，比地球小得多。 The _________ of Mars is about 6779 kilometers, which is much smaller than that of Earth. 5. 我从图书馆借了这本书。I ______ this book ______ the library. neither nor separates into mainly made diameter got from 32 Summary We learn: 1. Key words and phrases: diameter, asteroid belt, separate, inner/outer planets, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, rock, gas; least, power, neither…nor… 2. Key sentence patterns: “It is (not)…”, “The [object] is [type/size] and made of…”. We can: 1. Compare and contrast inner/outer planets using tables. 2. Summarize texts by identifying main ideas and key details. 3. Distinguish facts about the solar system and infer information from texts. 33 Homework 1. 基础层：完成课本Activity 2和3的表格与对话练习；背诵10个关键词。 2. 提高层：写一段话比较两个行星（使用比较句型）；为一篇关于月球的短文写摘要。 3. 拓展层：绘制太阳系海报，标注关键信息，并用英文简要介绍。 34 3 Thank you! 35 $