精品解析：江苏省南京市玄武区南京市第九中学2025-2026学年高二上学期12月月考英语试题

2027届高二年级12月学情检测 英语 (时间：120分钟 满分：150分) 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What did the man fail to do? A. Attend the class on time. B. Complete his homework. C. Bring his homework to school. 2. In which room will the speakers watch a film? A. The study. B. The living room. C. The bedroom. 3. Why is the man trying to find Sherry? A. To invite her to a party. B. To return a phone to her. C. To meet her for lunch. 4. What does the man do? A. He is a zoo worker. B. He is a farm owner. C. He is a supermarket salesperson. 5. How does the woman sound? A. Patient. B. Confused. C. Angry. 第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6. Where is the man from? A. The US. B. China. C. Italy. 7. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. An old art form. B. A new Apple phone. C. A famous businessman. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8. Where are the speakers? A. In a desert. B. In a town. C. On a beach. 9. What does the woman worry about? A. Deep sand. B. The weather. C. Sources of food. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Brother and sister. B. Teacher and student. C. Friends. 11. How will the man improve himself? A. By eating healthier foods. B. By being more thankful to others. C. By improving his grades at school. 12. When does the conversation probably take place? A. In February. B. In November. C. In December. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 13 What is the man doing? A. Giving a science lesson. B. Sharing a special experience. C. Collecting opinions for a study. 14. What was the most unforgettable thing for the man? A. Doing scientific research. B. Jumping three meters high. C. Viewing the Earth from space. 15. How long did the man’s trip take? A. 2 days. B. 10 days. C. 16 days. 16. What will the man probably do next? A. Answer some questions. B. Play a ball game. C. Tell a story. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17. Who is Victoria? A. A business owner. B. A government leader. C. A firefighter. 18. What will Daniel Gold receive? A. A better job. B. An award. C. A free meal. 19. What does Daniel Gold usually do after lunch? A. Pick up rubbish in the park. B. Take a walk on the beach. C. Spend time with his family. 20. What is the speaker inspired to do? A. Be a kind person. B. Exercise regularly. C. Work harder. 第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。 A Olympia — Full day Tour Overview See the birthplace of the Olympic Games — and pair your outing with a number of other key attractions and experiences — on this private, full-day tour. Following pickup at Katakolon, travel via spacious vehicle to UNESCO-listed Olympia, which you’ll explore independently. Then, visit a local honey farm, head to a winery, swim at Skafidia Beach, and more (entry and tasting fees own expense). What to expect Ancient Gymnasium You will gain valuable insights into the values of the ancient Greeks and their attitude towards health and wellbeing. Ancient Stadium You’ll step in the celebrated stadium to listen to the interesting stories of athletic events tied to the history of Olympia. Temple of Hera You will learn about the Heraean games, an ancient female running event. You will also discover the famous setting where the Olympic fire is lit every four years. Klio’s Honey Farm A nice treat is offered tasting local pancakes with honey. You will enjoy the thick shades under the garden trees and get the feeling of the Greek rural life. Additional information * EU citizens under 25 years old have free entrance. IDs or Passports are required for the guests under 25 years old to ensure Birth date at the Entrance Gates. * Please wear weather-appropriate clothing and comfortable shoes. * Please note there is some walking distance between these sites with rough cobbles (鹅卵石) so not recommended for anyone with limited mobility * This experience requires good weather. If it’s canceled due to poor weather, you’ll be offered a different date or a full refund. 1. What do we know about the ancient Olympia tour? A. It is a guided tour. B. It includes free honey tasting. C. It offers hands-on winemaking practices. D. It allows guests to explore at their own pace. 2. In which of the following is the Olympic fire lit? A. Temple of Hera. B. Ancient Stadium. C. Klio’s Honey Farm. D. Ancient Gymnasium. 3. What is required of a guest on the ancient Olympia tour? A. Mental toughness. B. An EU citizenship. C. A moderate physical fitness level. D. Appropriate dressing for bad weather. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个名为Olympia全日游项目。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Overview部分中的“Following pickup at Katakolon, travel via spacious vehicle to UNESCO-listed Olympia, which you’ll explore independently.(在卡塔科隆接人后，乘坐宽敞的车辆前往被联合国教科文组织列入名录的奥林匹亚，您将独立游览)”可知，在奥林匹亚的游览是游客独立进行的，即游客可以按照自己的节奏进行探索。故选D项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Temple of Hera部分中的“You will also discover the famous setting where the Olympic fire is lit every four years.(您还将发现每四年点燃一次奥运圣火的著名地点)”可知，奥运圣火是在赫拉神庙(Temple of Hera)点燃的。故选A项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据Additional information部分中的“* Please note there is some walking distance between these sites with rough cobbles (鹅卵石) so not recommended for anyone with limited mobility.(*请注意，这些景点之间有一些步行距离，且地面是粗糙的鹅卵石，因此不建议行动不便的人参加)”可知，在游览过程中需要一定的步行，且地面是粗糙的鹅卵石，因此需要游客具备适中的身体体能水平。故选C项。 B Montessori was born in Italy in 1870 with progressive parents, who frequently communicated with the country’s leading thinkers and scholars. This enlightened family environment provided Montessori with many advantages over other young girls of the time. Her mother’s support was vital for some important decisions, such as her enrolment in a technical school after her elementary education. Her parents’ support also proved to be essential for her decision to study medicine, a field that was dominated by men. Soon after graduating, in 1896, Montessori began work as a voluntary assistant in a clinic at the University of Rome, where she cared for children with learning difficulties. The rooms were bare, with just a few pieces of furniture. One day, she found that the children were enthusiastically playing with breadcrumbs (面包屑) that had dropped on the floor. It then occurred to her that the origin of some intellectual disabilities could be related with poverty. With the right learning materials, these and other young minds could be nurtured, Montessori concluded. The observation would lead Montessori to develop a new method of education that focused on providing optimal stimulation during the sensitive periods of childhood. At its centre was the principle that all the learning materials should be child-sized and designed to appeal to all the senses. In addition, each child should also be allowed to move and act freely, and use their creativity and problem-solving skills. Teachers took the role of guides, supporting the children without press or control. Montessori opened her first Children’s House in 1907. When the Fascists (法西斯主义者) first came into power in Italy in 1922, they initially embraced her movement. But they soon came to oppose the emphasis on the children’s freedom of expression. Montessori’s values had always been about human respect, and the rights of children and women, but the Fascists wanted to use her work and her fame. Things reached a breaking point when the Fascist tried to influence the schools’ educational content, and in 1934 Montessori and her son decided to leave Italy. She didn’t return to her homeland until 1947, and she continued to write about and develop her method until her death in 1952, at the age of 81. 4. The primary reason for Montessori to develop a new educational method was ______. A. her family’s supportive influence on her education B. her experience as a voluntary assistant in a clinic C. her observation of children playing with breadcrumbs happily D. her decision to study medicine, a field dominated by men 5. What was a central principle of Montessori’s educational method as described in the passage? A. Providing standardized, one-size-fits-all learning materials. B. Encouraging strict discipline and control over children’s actions. C. Focusing on rote memorization and competition. D. Creating a free and children-centered learning environment. 6. Montessori decided to leave Italy in 1934 because . A. she wanted to explore other countries and cultures B. she wanted to avoid the Fascist’s influence on her work C. she was offered a better job in a different country D. she wanted to retire and enjoy a peaceful life in another country 7. Which of the following words can best describe Montessori in this passage? A. Observant and innovative. B. Traditional and emotional. C. Progressive and dependent. D. Open-minded and indifferent. 【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了教育家蒙台梭利是如何发展出新的教育方法的，其教育方法的特色以及影响。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“One day, she found that the children were enthusiastically playing with breadcrumbs (面包屑) that had dropped on the floor. It then occurred to her that the origin of some intellectual disabilities could be related with poverty.(一天，她发现孩子们正兴高采烈地玩着掉在地上的面包屑。她突然想到，一些智力缺陷的根源可能与贫穷有关)”可知，蒙台梭利发展一种新的教育方法的主要原因是她观察到孩子们开心地玩面包屑。故选C。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“At its centre was the principle that all the learning materials should be child-sized and designed to appeal to all the senses. In addition, each child should also be allowed to move and act freely, and use their creativity and problem-solving skills. Teachers took the role of guides, supporting the children without press or control.(它的核心原则是，所有的学习材料都应该适合儿童，并设计成能吸引所有感官。此外，每个孩子也应该被允许自由移动和行动，并发挥他们的创造力和解决问题的能力。老师们扮演了向导的角色，在没有压力和控制的情况下支持孩子们)”可知，文中所描述的蒙台梭利教育方法的核心原则是营造自由、以儿童为中心的学习环境。故选D。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Things reached a breaking point when the Fascist tried to influence the schools’ educational content, and in 1934 Montessori and her son decided to leave Italy.(当法西斯主义者试图影响学校的教育内容时，事情达到了一个突破点，1934年蒙台梭利和她的儿子决定离开意大利)”可知，1934年，蒙台梭利决定离开意大利，因为她想避免法西斯分子对她工作的影响。故选B。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“The observation would lead Montessori to develop a new method of education that focused on providing optimal stimulation during the sensitive periods of childhood.(这一观察结果将引导蒙台梭利发展一种新的教育方法，专注于在儿童的敏感时期提供最佳的刺激)”以及倒数第二段“Montessori opened her first Children’s House in 1907.(1907年，蒙台梭利开办了她的第一所儿童之家)”可推知，蒙台梭利是善于观察和创新的。故选A。 C In recent years, the sharp increase in global rocket launches has transformed the sky, fueled by the rapid growth of the space industry. This creates major opportunities but also raises environmental challenges. Pollutants released during rocket launches and re-entry are left in the middle atmosphere, where they can damage the ozone layer (臭氧层) which protects Earth against harmful ultraviolet radiation. Investigations into how rocket emissions (排放) affect ozone began more than three decades ago, but for many years the impact was considered minimal. As the frequency of launches continues to rise, this view is shifting. In 2019, only 97 orbital launches were recorded worldwide, but by 2024, the figure had climbed to 258, with projections pointing to continued rapid growth. Unlike ground-level pollutants, emissions from rockets and re-entering satellites can stay in the middle and upper atmosphere up to 100 times longer, since removal processes such as precipitation do not occur at those heights. While most launches take place in the Northern Hemisphere, the atmospheric flow eventually distributes the pollutants globally. Recently, researchers from ETH Zurich and the Physical Meteorological Observatory in Davos, in cooperation with Laura Revell’s international team at the University of Canterbury, used a chemistry-climate model to see how future emissions might impact the ozone layer by 2030. With 2,040 annual launches by 2030 — roughly eight times the 2024 total — the model predicts that global average ozone thickness would decrease by nearly 0.3%. Seasonal losses could reach as much as 4% over Antarctica, where the ozone hole continues to reappear each spring. While these reductions may appear small, the context is critical. The ozone layer is still recovering from the earlier loss caused by long-lived chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), which were banned under the 1989 Montreal Protocol. Even today, global ozone thickness remains about 2% below pre-industrial levels, and the full recovery is not expected until around 2066. But we believe a launch industry that avoids ozone-damaging effects is entirely possible: Monitoring rocket emissions and carrying out necessary and appropriate regulations are all key to ensuring that the ozone layer continues its recovery. This requires scientists, policymakers, and industry to work together. 8. What is the current view on rocket emissions? A. Their impact will become severe. B. Their distribution is location-limited. C. They will decrease at a faster speed. D. They can be removed by precipitation. 9. Why was the recent research on rocket emissions conducted? A. To seek potential solutions. B. To look into their future effect. C. To address climate change challenges. D. To figure out the leading contributors. 10. What is the function of paragraph 6? A. To show protecting the ozone layer is possible. B. To indicate the dark future of the space industry. C. To argue that the model predictions are worrying. D. To set standards for global average ozone thickness. 11. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Global Rocket Launches Are Rocketing B. Can the Ozone Layer Still Protect Earth? C. Rockets Could Eat Away at the Ozone Layer D. Can Ozone-damaging Effects Be Avoided? 【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了全球火箭发射数量激增对臭氧层造成的渐进性破坏。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Investigations into how rocket emissions (排放) affect ozone began more than three decades ago, but for many years the impact was considered minimal. As the frequency of launches continues to rise, this view is shifting.(关于火箭排放物对臭氧影响的研究始于三十多年前，但多年来人们一直认为这种影响微乎其微。然而，随着发射活动的频率不断增加，这种观点正在发生转变。)”可知，人们现在认为火箭排放物对臭氧的影响会随着火箭发射频率的增加而变得严重。故选A。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Recently, researchers from ETH Zurich and the Physical Meteorological Observatory in Davos, in cooperation with Laura Revell’s international team at the University of Canterbury, used a chemistry-climate model to see how future emissions might impact the ozone layer by 2030.(最近，来自苏黎世联邦理工学院和达沃斯物理气象观测站的研究人员，与坎特伯雷大学劳拉·雷维尔的国际团队合作，利用化学气候模型来研究未来排放量到2030年时会对臭氧层产生何种影响。)”可知，近期对火箭排放的研究是为了研究它们未来对臭氧层的影响。故选B。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“the model predicts that global average ozone thickness would decrease by nearly 0.3%. Seasonal losses could reach as much as 4% over Antarctica, where the ozone hole continues to reappear each spring.(该模型预测，全球平均臭氧层厚度将减少约 0.3%。在南极洲，季节性臭氧损耗可能高达4%，在那里，臭氧空洞每年春季都会再度出现。)”和第六段“While these reductions may appear small, the context is critical.(虽然这些降幅看起来不大，但其背后的背景情况却非常重要。)”可知，第六段指出了模型预测的背景非常重要；结合第六段“The ozone layer is still recovering from the earlier loss caused by long-lived chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), which were banned under the 1989 Montreal Protocol. Even today, global ozone thickness remains about 2% below pre-industrial levels, and the full recovery is not expected until around 2066.(臭氧层仍在从早期由持久性氯氟烃（CFC）造成的损耗中恢复当中，这些物质是在1989年的《蒙特利尔议定书》中被禁止使用的。即便到了今天，全球臭氧层的厚度仍比工业化前水平低约2%，而其完全恢复预计要到 2066 年左右。)”可知，其背景是臭氧层本身仍在恢复中，非常脆弱，并且预计要到2066年才能完全恢复，说明该模型预测是令人担忧的。故选C。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Pollutants released during rocket launches and re-entry are left in the middle atmosphere, where they can damage the ozone layer (臭氧层) which protects Earth against harmful ultraviolet radiation.(火箭发射和返回过程中释放的污染物会留在中间大气层中，在那里它们会损害保护地球免受有害的紫外线辐射的臭氧层。)”和第五段“the model predicts that global average ozone thickness would decrease by nearly 0.3%. Seasonal losses could reach as much as 4% over Antarctica, where the ozone hole continues to reappear each spring.(该模型预测，全球平均臭氧层厚度将减少约0.3%。在南极洲，季节性臭氧损耗可能高达4%，在那里，臭氧空洞每年春季都会再度出现。)”及全文内容可知，文章主要讨论了火箭发射激增对臭氧层的渐进性破坏。因此C项“火箭可能会侵蚀臭氧层”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选C。 D The Secret of Success The recipe for succeeding in any given field is hardly a mystery: good ideas, hard work, discipline, imagination, perseverance and maybe a little luck. Oh, and let’s not forget failure, which Dashun Wang and his colleagues at Northwestern University call “the essential prerequisite (先决条件) for success” in a new paper. But not every failure leads to success, he adds. And what eventually separates the winners from the losers, the research shows, certainly is not persistence. One of the more interesting findings in the paper, published last October in Nature, is that the people who eventually succeeded and the people who eventually failed tried basically the same number of times to achieve their goals. It turns out that trying again and again only works if you learn from your previous failures. The idea is to work smart, not hard. You have to figure out what worked and what didn’t, and then focus on what needs to be improved instead of struggling around and changing everything,” says Wang. “The people who failed didn’t necessarily work less than those who succeeded. They could actually have worked more: it’s just that they made more unnecessary changes.” As they explored “the mechanisms governing the dynamics of failure”, Wang’s team identified what they describe as previously unknown statistical signatures that separate successful groups from unsuccessful groups, making it possible to predict their final outcomes. One such key indicator is the time between consecutive (连续的) failed attempts, which should decrease steadily. In other words, the faster you fail, the better your chances of success, and the more time between attempts, the more likely you are to fail again. “If someone has applied for a grant and they are three failures in,” Wang says, “if we just look at the timing between the failures, we will be able to predict whether they will eventually succeed or not.” Working with such large-scale data, Wang and his colleagues were able to identify a critical point that was common to each of the hundreds of thousands of undertakings they had analyzed, a fork in the road where one path leads to a development region and one leads to a stagnation region. Wang points out that the existence of the tipping point cuts against the traditional explanations for failure or success, such as luck or a person’s work habits. “What we’ re showing here is that even in the absence of such differences, you can still have very different outcomes.” he says. What matters is how people fail, how they respond to failure and where those failures lead. 12. It can be learned from Paragraph 2 that________. A. winners are more persistent than losers B. failure is not important for success at all C. more trying doesn’t necessarily result in success D winners and losers differ in how many times they tried 13. Wang and his colleagues believe that________. A. no one can obtain success without failure B. failure can sometimes help predict success C. the performance pattern is difficult to identify D. the critical point had been discovered by chance 14. The underlined phrase “a stagnation region” in Paragraph 6 refers to a region________. A. without progress B. beyond recognition C. unknown to outsiders D. in its elementary stage 15. What is the conclusion of Wang’s research? A. Winners try less than losers. but gain more. B. Perseverance is the utmost secret to success. C. Working smart could turn failures into future successes. D. Luck and work habits hardly make any difference to the result. 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章分析了成功的秘密。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“But not every failure leads to success, he adds. And what eventually separates the winners from the losers, the research shows, certainly is not persistence. One of the more interesting findings in the paper, published last October in Nature, is that the people who eventually succeeded and the people who eventually failed tried basically the same number of times to achieve their goals. (但他补充说，并不是每一次失败都会导致成功。研究显示，最终区分赢家和输家的，当然不是坚持不懈。去年10月发表在《自然》杂志上的一篇论文中有一个更有趣的发现，那就是最终成功的人和最终失败的人为实现目标所尝试的次数基本相同。)”可知，更多的尝试不一定会带来成功。故选C。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中“In other words, the faster you fail, the better your chances of success, and the more time between attempts, the more likely you are to fail again. “If someone has applied for a grant and they are three failures in,” Wang says, “if we just look at the timing between the failures, we will be able to predict whether they will eventually succeed or not.” (换句话说，失败的速度越快，成功的机会就越大，两次尝试之间的间隔时间越长，再次失败的可能性就越大。“如果有人申请了一项资助，但他们失败了三次，”王说，“如果我们只看两次失败之间的时间间隔，我们就能预测他们最终是否会成功。”)”可知，从两次失败的时间间隔可以帮助预测最终是否能成功，即失败有时可以帮助预测成功。故选B。 【14题详解】 词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“Working with such large-scale data, Wang and his colleagues were able to identify a critical point that was common to each of the hundreds of thousands of undertakings they had analyzed, a fork in the road where one path leads to a development region and one leads to a stagnation region. (利用如此大规模的数据，王和他的同事们能够在他们分析的数十万个企业中找到一个共同的临界点，这是一个岔路口，一条路通向发展区域，一条路通向a stagnation region。)”可知，这个临界点导致两个不同的结果，即一个是“development region (发展区域)”，那么与之相对的可以推断出是“停滞区域，非发展区”。a stagnation region的含义为“停滞区域，非发展区”。A. without progress没有进展；B. beyond recognition认不出来；C. unknown to outsiders外人不知道；D. in its elementary stage处于初级阶段。故选A。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“It turns out that trying again and again only works if you learn from your previous failures. The idea is to work smart, not hard. “You have to figure out what worked and what didn’t, and then focus on what needs to be improved instead of struggling around and changing everything,” says Wang. “The people who failed didn’t necessarily work less than those who succeeded. They could actually have worked more: it’s just that they made more unnecessary changes.”（事实证明，只有从以前的失败中吸取教训，一次又一次的尝试才会成功。关键是要聪明地工作，而不是努力工作。“你必须弄清楚什么有效，什么无效，然后专注于需要改进的地方，而不是挣扎着改变一切，”王说。“失败者并不一定比成功者工作得少。他们其实可以做得更多:只是他们做了更多不必要的改变。”）”以及最后一段中““What we’ re showing here is that even in the absence of such differences, you can still have very different outcomes.” he says. What matters is how people fail, how they respond to failure and where those failures lead. (他说：“我们在这里展示的是，即使没有这些差异，你仍然可以得到非常不同的结果。”重要的是人们如何失败，他们如何应对失败，以及这些失败会导致什么。)”可知，王的研究结果表明并不是每一次失败都会导致成功，真正导致成功的是弄清楚人们如何失败，他们如何应对失败，以及这些失败会导致什么，然后进行改变，即聪明地工作可以把失败变成未来的成功。故选C。 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Mental resilience (韧性) has become a vital skill in today’s fast-paced world. ___16___ Research indicates that individuals with high resilience levels are 35 % more likely to maintain mental health during long-term stress. Let’s explore scientific ally proven methods to strengthen this ability. The Main Idea Explained Resilience is not about reducing stress but managing it effectively. Emerging neurobiological evidence sheds light on this positively adaptive process. ___17___ Neuroscientists (神经学家) compare it to muscle training: facing proper challenged regularly improved mental ability to adjust. For instance, A 2023 Harvard study showed that proper stress increased brain thickness in areas related to making decisions. Physical Activity as a Foundation Exercise is universally recognized as a key resilience-building tool. During aerobic workouts, the body producers BDNF (脑源性神经营养因子), a protein important for brain development. ___18___ Meanwhile, this chemical process not only improved mood but also strengthens mental abilities. To maximize benefits, experts suggest combining 30 minutes of daily exercise with relaxation methods such as deep breathing. The Power of Social Bonds Human beings succeed through meaningful connections. Strong social networks act as psychological safety nets during c rises. ___19___ A Stanford University study over many years found that people with strong social support recovered 50 % faster from emotional difficulties than those who were isolated. Surprisingly, online communication through video calls was 80 % as effective as face-to-face meetings in recent tests. Methods to Change Negative Thoughts How we view difficulties shapes our mental resilience. Psychologists suggest changing extreme negative ideas like “I can’t handle this” into positive views such as “This is hard but possible.” 2022 study found that daily gratitude practice lowers stress hormones by 25 % in three weeks. ___20___ A. Therefore, building strong connections should be a key goal. B. Creative activities like painting unexpectedly better stress tolerance. C. Workplace culture significantly impacts employees’ stress management. D. This natural process helps maintain stable emotions and enhanced clear thinking. E. Moreover, actively noticing small daily successes helps develop positive thinking. F. This psychological training strengthens the brain’s ability to handle future challengers. G. It refers to the ability to recover from difficulties while keeping basic operations running. 【答案】16. G 17. F 18. D 19. A 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在当今快节奏的世界中，心理韧性已成为一项至关重要的技能，并探讨了科学证实的增强心理韧性的方法，包括正确理解韧性、进行体育活动、建立社会联系以及改变消极想法等。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Mental resilience (韧性) has become a vital skill in today’s fast-paced world. (心理韧性在当今快节奏的世界中已成为一项至关重要的技能)”以及下文“Research indicates that individuals with high resilience levels are 35 % more likely to maintain mental health during long-term stress. (研究表明，具有高韧性水平的人在长期压力下保持心理健康的可能性要高出 35%)”可知上文提到了“心理韧性”，下文说的是“心理韧性”的重要性，可推理出空白处需要对“心理韧性”这一概念进行解释说明，与G项“It refers to the ability to recover from difficulties while keeping basic operations running. (它指的是在保持基本功能正常运行的同时从困难中恢复的能力)”表达的含义一致，故选G项。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Resilience is not about reducing stress but managing it effectively. Emerging neurobiological evidence sheds light on this positively adaptive process. (韧性不是减少压力，而是有效地管理压力。新出现的神经生物学证据揭示了这一积极的适应过程)”以及下文“Neuroscientists (神经学家) compare it to muscle training: facing proper challenged regularly improved mental ability to adjust. (神经学家将其比作肌肉训练：定期面对适当的挑战可以提高心理调节能力)”可知，这里阐述的是这种适应过程对大脑能力的积极影响，与F项“This psychological training strengthens the brain’s ability to handle future challengers. (这种心理训练增强了大脑处理未来挑战的能力)”表达的意思一致，故选F项。 【18题详解】 根据上文“During aerobic workouts, the body producers BDNF (脑源性神经营养因子), a protein important for brain development. (在有氧运动中，身体会产生脑源性神经营养因子，这是一种对大脑发育很重要的蛋白质)”以及下文“Meanwhile, this chemical process not only improved mood but also strengthens mental abilities. (同时，这个化学过程不仅改善了情绪，还增强了心理能力)”可知此处提到了产生脑源性神经营养因子这一自然过程，可推理出空白处应是在说产生脑源性神经营养因子这一自然过程对人的积极的作用，与D项“This natural process helps maintain stable emotions and enhanced clear thinking. (这个自然过程有助于保持稳定的情绪并增强清晰的思维)”表达的含义一致，故选D项。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Human beings succeed through meaningful connections. Strong social networks act as psychological safety nets during c rises. (人类通过有意义的联系取得成功。强大的社交网络在危机期间充当心理安全网。)”以及下文“A Stanford University study over many years found that people with strong social support recovered 50 % faster from emotional difficulties than those who were isolated. (斯坦福大学多年的一项研究发现，有强大社会支持的人比那些孤立无援的人从情感困难中恢复的速度要快50%)”可知有强大社会支持的人比那些孤立无援的人从情感困难中恢复的速度要快50%，可推理出此处应是在强调建立强大联系的重要性，与A项“Therefore, building strong connections should be a key goal. (因此，建立强大的联系应该是一个关键目标)”表达的意思一致，故选A项。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Psychologists suggest changing extreme negative ideas like “I can’t handle this” into positive views such as “This is hard but possible.” 2022 study found that daily gratitude practice lowers stress hormones by 25 % in three weeks (心理学家建议将“我无法处理这个问题”等极端消极想法转变为“这很难但有可能”等积极观点。2022年的一项研究发现，每天进行感恩练习可以在三周内将压力荷尔蒙降低 25%)”可知，此处应是在进一步说明培养积极思维的方法，与E项“Moreover, actively noticing small daily successes helps develop positive thinking. (此外，积极关注日常的小成功有助于培养积极的思维)”表达的含义一致，且“Moreover”进一步递进，符合语境，故选E项。 第三部分 语言运用 (共三节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It was a sunny Sunday afternoon. My husband was taking care of our baby girl so that my six-year-old son and I could do some yard work, just the two of us. It was sure to be ___21___. But soon, the clouds of mosquitos seemed ___22___ to our bug spray (喷雾). I was sweating, itchy, and arguing with my son about how to pull weeds. I had told him the “right” way — getting those weeds out from the bottom, by the roots, ___23___ them entirely. However, my son went about things in his own way. He pulled the ___24___ of the weeds off, moving quickly down the line as he left the remaining part still in the soil. Somehow, I found this to be incredibly ___25___. Why couldn’t he do it in my way and save me the time of having to ___26___ his portion (部分)? Why did he do it at all if he wasn’t going to do it properly? “If you do as told, we’d be done earlier and ___27___ a longer period before we would have to return and pull weeds next time,” I said, trying to keep my tone ___28___. He went back to his work, shaking dirt from his handful of growing things and throwing ___29___ stems into our shared basket. “People do things ___30___, Mom,” he said innocently. My fire soon faded, replaced by the humbling ___31___ that I’d just received a valuable ___32___ from the person that I was supposed to be teaching. While trying to ___33___ my baby girl, my kindergartener, and the yard work, ___34___ was a lifeline for me. But my way was, perhaps, not the best way after all. His time shouldn’t be ___35___. His job was to be a kid and take his time, for as long as he was able. 21. A. relaxing B. disturbing C. urgent D. tough 22. A. sensitive B. resistant C. harmful D. addicted 23. A. removing B. packing C. covering D. preserving 24. A. roots B. fibres C. tops D. points 25. A. amazing B. boring C. annoying D. confusing 26. A. recycle B. redo C. identify D. ignore 27. A. clarified B. launched C. repeated D. promised 28. A. nervous B. mysterious C. light D. loud 29. A. long B. broken C. strong D. useful 30. A. differently B. separately C. hurriedly D. honestly 31. A. ambition B. symbol C. breakthrough D. realization 32. A. behavior B. warning C. lesson D. review 33. A. raise B. land C. teach D. balance 34. A. efficiency B. concentration C. discipline D. quality 35. A. run out of B. set limits to C. made up for D. kept pace with 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. D 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者与六岁儿子在院子里拔草时因方法不同而产生冲突，最终从孩子天真的话语中领悟到应尊重其成长节奏、不必追求“完美效率”的温情故事。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那本该是一段放松的亲子时光。A. relaxing放松的；B. disturbing打扰的；C. urgent紧急的；D. tough艰难的。根据上文“just the two of us”可知，母亲期待与儿子独处，这是一段放松的时光。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是很快，蚊群似乎能抵抗我们的灭蚊喷雾。A. sensitive敏感的；B. resistant抵抗的；C. harmful有害的；D. addicted上瘾的。根据下文“sweating, itchy”可知，作者被蚊子咬了，所以蚊子是对喷雾有抗药性的。故选B项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我告诉他“正确”的做法——抓住草根，把整株杂草连根去除。A. removing去除；B. packing打包；C. covering覆盖；D. preserving保留。根据上文“by the roots”可知，用“连根去除”最准确。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他只把杂草的顶端扯掉，一路快速前进，却把剩下的根留在土里。A. roots根；B. fibres纤维；C. tops顶端；D. points尖端。根据下文“left the remaining part”可知，孩子留下根部，只是把草的顶端给拔掉了。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不知为何，我觉得这种做法极其恼人。A. amazing惊人的；B. boring无聊的；C. annoying恼人的；D. confusing困惑的。根据下文“Why couldn't he do it in my way”可知，母亲感到烦躁，她感觉孩子做法让她上火，故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：为什么他不能按我的方法来，好让我省得返工他的部分？A. recycle回收；B. redo返工；C. identify辨认；D. ignore忽视。根据上文“save me the time”可知，母亲不得不重新帮孩子拔一遍，也就是返工一次，这个时间本来是可以省掉的。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“如果你照我说的做，我们就能早点完工，而且保证在下次我们回来除草之前有更长的一段时间，”我说，尽量让自己的语气轻松一些。A. clarified澄清；B. launched发动；C. repeated重复；D. promised保证。根据下文“a longer period”可知，用“保证（更长的间隔）”符合逻辑，其余选项不符合语境。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“如果你照我说的做，我们就能早点完工，而且保证在下次我们回来除草之前有更长的一段时间，”我说，尽量让自己的语气轻松一些。A. nervous紧张的；B. mysterious神秘的；C. light轻松的；D. loud大声的。根据上文“trying to keep”可知，母亲在试图控制情绪，想让语气显得轻松一些。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他继续干活，抖掉手里杂草上的泥土，把断茎扔进我们共用的篮子里。A. long长的；B. broken破裂的；C. strong结实的；D. useful有用的。根据上文“he left the remaining part still in the soil”可知，孩子只是把草的上端拔出来，说明茎已折断。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：“人们做事方式不同，妈妈，”他天真地说。A. differently不同地；B. separately分别地；C. hurriedly匆忙地；D. honestly诚实地。根据上文“do things”可知，孩子表达人们做事“方式各异”，用“不同”最准确，其余选项不符合语境。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的火气很快消散，取而代之的是羞愧的领悟：我刚刚从本应被我教导的人那里得到了宝贵的一课。A. ambition雄心；B. symbol象征；C. breakthrough突破；D. realization领悟。根据下文“valuable lesson”可知，作者通过孩子收获了新的感悟。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的火气很快消散，取而代之的是羞愧的领悟：我刚刚从本应被我教导的人那里得到了宝贵的一课。A. behavior行为；B. warning警告；C. lesson课；D. review回顾。根据下文“that I was supposed to be teaching”可知，本来该母亲教孩子，结果孩子的话反成了“一课”，用“lesson”最贴切。故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：既要照顾襁褓中的小女儿，又要兼顾读幼儿园的儿子，还得忙活院子里的杂务，当时高效统筹各项事务简直成了我的救命稻草。A. raise抚养；B. land着陆；C. teach教授；D. balance平衡。根据下文“my baby girl, my kindergartener, and the yard work”可知，这位母亲在家务和工作中需要取得平衡。故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：既要照顾襁褓中的小女儿，又要兼顾读幼儿园的儿子，还得忙活院子里的杂务，当时高效统筹各项事务简直成了我的救命稻草。A. efficiency效率；B. concentration专注；C. discipline纪律；D. quality质量。根据上文“my baby girl, my kindergartener, and the yard work”可知，作者有很多事情要兼顾，所以她必须追求速度，也就是“效率”。故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他的时间不该被设限。A. run out of用完；B. set limits to设限；C. make up for弥补；D. keep pace with跟上。根据下文“His job was to be a kid and take his time”可知，作者感悟到孩子就应该慢慢做事，所以他的时间不应该受到限制。故选B项。 第二节 语篇填空 (共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chen Ning Yang is widely considered an outstanding physicist. He made enormous contributions that reshaped modern science ____36____ advanced China’s academic development. Born in 1922 in Hefei, he ____37____ (demonstrate) exceptional talent in math and physics at university, despite challenging wartime conditions. After his master’s at Tsinghua, he pursued doctoral studies in Chicago ____38____ the guidance of Nobel winner Enrico Fermi. In 1957, working ____39____ (joint) with Tsung-Dao Lee, he proposed the non-conservation of parity in weak interactions — ____40____ revolutionary theory that shattered (完全颠覆) long-held ____41____ (belief) in physics, earning them the Nobel Prize. The Yang-Mills theory, established with Robert Mills, later formed the structural basis for the Standard Model of particle physics and remains highly ____42____ (influence) in guiding research worldwide. In his later years, Yang returned to China, ____43____ (commit) himself to advancing scientific education at Tsinghua University. Beyond teaching, he fostered international cooperation, ____44____ enhanced China’s global scientific position. His persistent efforts helped establish advanced research systems and inspired numerous students to pursue innovative work. Yang’s life perfectly combined world-class scholarship with deep patriotism. As his wife Weng Fan wrote, his life “was a satisfactory answer sheet ____45____ (hand) in for humanity’s progress.” He became a symbol of China’s rejuvenation (复兴) — a role model showing how knowledge and dedication can serve both humanity and the motherland. 【答案】36. and 37. demonstrated 38. under 39. jointly 40. a 41. beliefs 42. influential 43. committing 44. which 45. handed 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了杨振宁的卓越成就、爱国情怀及对科学教育、国际合作的深远贡献。 【36题详解】 考查连词。句意：他做出了巨大的贡献，重塑了现代科学，推动了中国学术的发展。结合语意可知，“reshaped modern science”和“advanced China’s academic development”为并列关系，都是他做出的巨大贡献，所以空处应用连词and连接。故填and。 【37题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：他1922年出生于合肥，尽管在战争年代条件艰苦，但他在大学期间在数学和物理方面表现出了非凡的天赋。空处作谓语动词，根据“Born in 1922”可知，此处描述的是过去的事情，所以应用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填demonstrated。 【38题详解】 考查介词。句意：在清华大学获得硕士学位后，他在诺贝尔奖获得者恩里科·费米的指导下在芝加哥攻读博士学位。此处表示“在……的指导下”，应用介词短语under the guidance of。故填under。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：1957年，他与李政道合作，提出了弱相互作用中的宇称不守恒理论——这一革命性理论彻底颠覆了物理学中长期存在的观念，为他们赢得了诺贝尔奖。空处修饰动词“working”，所以应用副词形式“jointly”，表示“共同地，合作地”，作状语。故填jointly。 【40题详解】 考查冠词。句意：1957年，他与李政道合作，提出了弱相互作用中的宇称不守恒理论——这一革命性理论彻底颠覆了物理学中长期存在的观念，为他们赢得了诺贝尔奖。“revolutionary theory”为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指“一个革命性的理论”，且“revolutionary”是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 【41题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：1957年，他与李政道合作，提出了弱相互作用中的宇称不守恒理论——这一革命性理论彻底颠覆了物理学中长期存在的观念，为他们赢得了诺贝尔奖。空处作“shattered”的宾语，且“belief”为可数名词，此处表示“物理学中长期存在的观念”，肯定不止一个，所以应用名词复数形式beliefs。故填beliefs。 【42题详解】 考查形容词。句意：他与罗伯特·米尔斯共同建立的杨-米尔斯理论后来成为粒子物理学标准模型的结构基础，并在指导全球研究方面仍然具有高度影响力。空处作表语，应用形容词“influential”，表示“有影响力的”。故填influential。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：晚年，杨回到中国，致力于推动清华大学的科学教育。空处作非谓语动词，逻辑主语“Yang”和动词“commit”之间是主动关系，所以应用现在分词形式“committing”作状语，表示伴随。故填committing。 【44题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：除了教学，他还促进了国际合作，提高了中国在全球科学界的地位。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“international cooperation”，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，所以应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：正如他的妻子翁帆所写，他的一生“是为人类进步交上的一份令人满意的答卷”。空处作非谓语动词，且“answer sheet”和动词“hand”之间是被动关系，所以应用过去分词形式“handed”作后置定语，修饰“answer sheet”。故填handed。 第三节 课本基础知识考查 (共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分) 根据句意，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 46. Advertising and the mass media have developed hand in hand and you can see the power of __________ (persuade). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】persuasion 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：广告和大众传媒携手并进，你可以看到说服力量。介词of后接名词形式，在句中作宾语。persuade的名词形式为persuasion，表示“说服力”。故填persuasion。 47. If someone makes a bad mistake which ________ (intention) harms their own interests, they are said to have scored an own goal. (用所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】unintentionally 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：如果某人犯了一个严重的错误，无意中损害了自己的利益，他们就被说成是打入了乌龙球。修饰动词harms，用副词形式。结合句意可知，用副词unintentionally，表示“无意地”。故填unintentionally。 48. This means putting appropriate controls in place to make sure that genome editing will work __________ our advantage. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】to 【解析】 【详解】考查介词。句意：这意味着要实施适当的控制措施，以确保基因组编辑将对我们有利。此处为固定短语to one’s advantage，意为“对某人有利”，所以此处使用介词to。故填to。 49. A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who __________ (trap) in the mountains for two days. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】had been trapped 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：一名救援人员冒着生命危险救了两名被困在山里两天的游客。空处在who引导的定语从句中作谓语，who指代先行词two tourists，与trap之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，根据risked可知，此处描述过去的动作，且结合语意，游客被困这一动作发生在saved之前，所以应用过去完成时，表示“过去的过去”，所以此处应用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been trapped。 50. ________ the uncertainty about its medical basis, acupuncture has become a popular form of treatment. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】Despite 【解析】 【详解】考查介词。句意：尽管对其医学基础不确定，针灸已成为一种流行的治疗形式。根据句子内容可知，前后存在让步关系，且空后the uncertainty about its medical basis为名词短语，因此设空处应用介词despite，表示“尽管”，位于句首，首字母应该大写。故填Despite。 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 应用文 (满分15分) 51. 假如你是第九中学的李华，你的美国笔友Demon来信说最近对中医很感兴趣，甚至想尝试一下中国的针灸。请你给他回信，内容包括： 1．针灸的简介； 2．你对针灸未来发展的信心。 注意： 1．写作词数应为80个左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Demon, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Demon, Hearing traditional Chinese medicine, especially acupuncture, has engaged your interest, I am writing to introduce it briefly. Dating from the Stone Age, acupuncture, one of the most famous Chinese medical treatments in which thin needles are pressed into the body, has been used to treat various health problems. Not only can it treat physical problems but also it can help people with mental problems and drug addiction. To conclude, having gained increasing worldwide recognition, acupuncture will definitely have a promising future. And you can feel free to try it. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本书面表达属于应用文。美国笔友Demon来信说最近对中医很感兴趣，甚至想尝试一下中国的针灸。请你给他回信，内容包括：1.针灸的简介；2.你对针灸未来发展的信心。 【详解】1.词汇积累 尤其：especially→particularly 起源于：date from→originate from 帮助：help→assist 总而言之：to conclude→in conclusion/to sum up 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：To conclude, having gained increasing worldwide recognition, acupuncture will definitely have a promising future.  拓展句：In summary, as acupuncture continues to acquire recognition on a global scale, it will definitely have a bright future. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Dating from the Stone Age, acupuncture, one of the most famous Chinese medical treatments in which thin needles are pressed into the body, has been used to treat various health problems.(运用了in which引导的定语从句) 【高分句型2】To conclude, having gained increasing worldwide recognition, acupuncture will definitely have a promising future. (运用了现在分词完成式作状语) 第二节 读后续写 (满分25分) 52. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 On a sunny Saturday in June, Alyson, 3, squealed(尖叫) with laughter as she and her mother, Marlen, played hide-and-seek in the front yard of their home. With Marlen close behind, tiny Alyson flashed into the backyard of an elderly neighbor. About halfway across the yard, Alyson suddenly disappeared, seemingly swallowed whole by a barely visible opening in the ground. Marlen screamed. The neighbor’s caretaker, Luz, 26, was preparing dinner in the neighbor’s kitchen and assumed the shrieks were the sounds of children playing. But she ran outside anyway and found Marlen sobbing and Alyson’s sister Damary, 25, kneeing on the grass, dialing 911. “Alyson fell in the hole！” Damary cried to Luz. Luz gave a quick glance down the hole in disbelief and saw only darkness. Then she heard Alyson’s wails(哭泣) from deep underground. “Hang on there, sweety. We’ll get you out soon.” Luz ran inside the house and down to the basement for a ladder,which happened to be not very long. She then settled for a gray extension cord(延长线) to use as a rope with which to rappel(用绳索下降) into the hole. Back in the yard, she and Damary used their hands to dig at the hole, widening the opening from 7 inches in diameter to about 20 inches.Marlen sat on the grass,too distracted to help. At the thought that Alyson might get hurt and was too young to grasp and climb the rope on her own, Luz made up her mind to go down herself. When the police detective Aaron arrived a few minutes later, Luz was already in the hole up to her waist. “Get out of here,” the officer told Luz, lifting her up by the arm. “It’s dangerous for you.” “It’s more dangerous for the Baby,” she argued, “She’s going to die.” 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The detective begged Luz to wait for help, but she determined. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Minutes later, the Fire Department and Rescue Squad arrived. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Paragraph 1 The detective begged Luz to wait for help, but she was determined. Touched by her resolution, the detective had no alternative but to offer his assistance. He braced one end of the extension cord, and Luz lowered herself, arm over arm, sliding slowly down the rope. On touching the ground, she discovered Alyson was submerged by water up to her neck. Calming the soaked and shivering child, she quickly picked her up in her arms. However, with only one rope, it was impossible for Luz alone to push the little girl out. They had to wait for help, yet a sense of fear began to creep over her since it was cold and dark down here. Paragraph 2 Minutes later, the Fire Department and Rescue Squad arrived.With the confirmation of the two's safety, they lowered a ladder into the hole. Luz then managed to climb out and handed Alyson over. Emergency workers rushed the stunned toddler to an ambulance, surveying to check the damage, only to find her miraculously uninjured, without even a scratch, though a bit scared and covered with dirt.The whole family expressed their heartfelt gratitude for Luz's help. Eventually, Luz's heroic deed went viral in the neighborhood. Whenever she was praised, she just smiled, “speaking of saving lives, every second counts.” 【解析】 【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了3岁的Alyson掉进了洞里，在救援队没来之前26岁的邻居Luz 坚持下去洞里救援Alyson的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①.由第一段首句内容“警探请求Luz 等待帮助，但她下定了决心。”可知，第一段可描写Luz 坚持下洞去救援，警探帮助了Luz 展开援救，Luz 找到了Alyson，她们等候救援队到达。 ②.由第二段首句内容“几分钟后，消防部门和救援队到达。”可知，第二段可描写消防部门和救援队救出来她们，Alyson送去了医院并无受伤，Luz 受到了表扬。 2.续写线索：Luz 坚持下洞——警探帮助Luz——Luz 找到Alyson——等救援队到达——救援队施救——Alyson送去医院——Luz 受到表扬 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①.提供帮助：offer one’s assistance/ offer one’s help/ give sb. a hand ②.到达：touch/ arrive/ get ③.成功做某事：manage to do/ succeed in doing 情绪类 ①.颤抖的：shivering/ tremulous ②.害怕：a sense of fear/ feel frightened/ be scared 【点睛】[高分句型1]. However, with only one rope, it was impossible for Luz alone to push the little girl out. （运用了it作形式主语） [高分句型2]. They had to wait for help, yet a sense of fear began to creep over her since it was cold and dark down here.（运用了由since连接的原因状语从句） [高分句型3]. Whenever she was praised, she just smiled, “speaking of saving lives, every second counts.”（运用了由whenever连接的让步状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2027届高二年级12月学情检测 英语 (时间：120分钟 满分：150分) 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What did the man fail to do? A. Attend the class on time. B. Complete his homework. C. Bring his homework to school. 2. In which room will the speakers watch a film? A. The study. B. The living room. C. The bedroom. 3. Why is the man trying to find Sherry? A. To invite her to a party. B. To return a phone to her. C. To meet her for lunch. 4. What does the man do? A. He is a zoo worker. B. He is a farm owner. C. He is a supermarket salesperson. 5. How does the woman sound? A. Patient. B. Confused. C. Angry. 第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6. Where is the man from? A. The US. B. China. C. Italy. 7. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. An old art form. B. A new Apple phone. C. A famous businessman. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8. Where are the speakers? A. In a desert. B. In a town. C. On a beach. 9. What does the woman worry about? A. Deep sand. B. The weather. C. Sources of food. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Brother and sister. B. Teacher and student. C. Friends. 11. How will the man improve himself? A. By eating healthier foods. B. By being more thankful to others. C. By improving his grades at school. 12 When does the conversation probably take place? A. In February. B. In November. C. In December. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 13. What is the man doing? A. Giving a science lesson. B. Sharing a special experience. C. Collecting opinions for a study. 14. What was the most unforgettable thing for the man? A. Doing scientific research. B. Jumping three meters high. C. Viewing the Earth from space. 15. How long did the man’s trip take? A. 2 days. B. 10 days. C. 16 days. 16. What will the man probably do next? A. Answer some questions. B. Play a ball game. C. Tell a story. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17. Who is Victoria? A A business owner. B. A government leader. C. A firefighter. 18. What will Daniel Gold receive? A. A better job. B. An award. C. A free meal. 19. What does Daniel Gold usually do after lunch? A. Pick up rubbish in the park. B. Take a walk on the beach. C. Spend time with his family. 20. What is the speaker inspired to do? A. Be a kind person. B. Exercise regularly. C. Work harder. 第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。 A Olympia — Full day Tour Overview See the birthplace of the Olympic Games — and pair your outing with a number of other key attractions and experiences — on this private, full-day tour. Following pickup at Katakolon, travel via spacious vehicle to UNESCO-listed Olympia, which you’ll explore independently. Then, visit a local honey farm, head to a winery, swim at Skafidia Beach, and more (entry and tasting fees own expense). What to expect Ancient Gymnasium You will gain valuable insights into the values of the ancient Greeks and their attitude towards health and wellbeing. Ancient Stadium You’ll step in the celebrated stadium to listen to the interesting stories of athletic events tied to the history of Olympia. Temple of Hera You will learn about the Heraean games, an ancient female running event. You will also discover the famous setting where the Olympic fire is lit every four years. Klio’s Honey Farm A nice treat is offered tasting local pancakes with honey. You will enjoy the thick shades under the garden trees and get the feeling of the Greek rural life. Additional information * EU citizens under 25 years old have free entrance. IDs or Passports are required for the guests under 25 years old to ensure Birth date at the Entrance Gates. * Please wear weather-appropriate clothing and comfortable shoes. * Please note there is some walking distance between these sites with rough cobbles (鹅卵石) so not recommended for anyone with limited mobility. * This experience requires good weather. If it’s canceled due to poor weather, you’ll be offered a different date or a full refund. 1. What do we know about the ancient Olympia tour? A. It is a guided tour. B. It includes free honey tasting. C. It offers hands-on winemaking practices. D. It allows guests to explore at their own pace. 2. In which of the following is the Olympic fire lit? A. Temple of Hera. B. Ancient Stadium. C. Klio’s Honey Farm. D. Ancient Gymnasium. 3. What is required of a guest on the ancient Olympia tour? A. Mental toughness. B. An EU citizenship. C. A moderate physical fitness level. D. Appropriate dressing for bad weather. B Montessori was born in Italy in 1870 with progressive parents, who frequently communicated with the country’s leading thinkers and scholars. This enlightened family environment provided Montessori with many advantages over other young girls of the time. Her mother’s support was vital for some important decisions, such as her enrolment in a technical school after her elementary education. Her parents’ support also proved to be essential for her decision to study medicine, a field that was dominated by men. Soon after graduating, in 1896, Montessori began work as a voluntary assistant in a clinic at the University of Rome, where she cared for children with learning difficulties. The rooms were bare, with just a few pieces of furniture. One day, she found that the children were enthusiastically playing with breadcrumbs (面包屑) that had dropped on the floor. It then occurred to her that the origin of some intellectual disabilities could be related with poverty. With the right learning materials, these and other young minds could be nurtured, Montessori concluded. The observation would lead Montessori to develop a new method of education that focused on providing optimal stimulation during the sensitive periods of childhood. At its centre was the principle that all the learning materials should be child-sized and designed to appeal to all the senses. In addition, each child should also be allowed to move and act freely, and use their creativity and problem-solving skills. Teachers took the role of guides, supporting the children without press or control. Montessori opened her first Children’s House in 1907. When the Fascists (法西斯主义者) first came into power in Italy in 1922, they initially embraced her movement. But they soon came to oppose the emphasis on the children’s freedom of expression. Montessori’s values had always been about human respect, and the rights of children and women, but the Fascists wanted to use her work and her fame. Things reached a breaking point when the Fascist tried to influence the schools’ educational content, and in 1934 Montessori and her son decided to leave Italy. She didn’t return to her homeland until 1947, and she continued to write about and develop her method until her death in 1952, at the age of 81. 4. The primary reason for Montessori to develop a new educational method was ______. A. her family’s supportive influence on her education B. her experience as a voluntary assistant in a clinic C. her observation of children playing with breadcrumbs happily D. her decision to study medicine, a field dominated by men 5. What was a central principle of Montessori’s educational method as described in the passage? A. Providing standardized, one-size-fits-all learning materials. B. Encouraging strict discipline and control over children’s actions. C. Focusing on rote memorization and competition. D. Creating a free and children-centered learning environment. 6. Montessori decided to leave Italy in 1934 because . A. she wanted to explore other countries and cultures B. she wanted to avoid the Fascist’s influence on her work C. she was offered a better job in a different country D. she wanted to retire and enjoy a peaceful life in another country 7. Which of the following words can best describe Montessori in this passage? A. Observant and innovative. B. Traditional and emotional. C. Progressive and dependent. D. Open-minded and indifferent. C In recent years, the sharp increase in global rocket launches has transformed the sky, fueled by the rapid growth of the space industry. This creates major opportunities but also raises environmental challenges. Pollutants released during rocket launches and re-entry are left in the middle atmosphere, where they can damage the ozone layer (臭氧层) which protects Earth against harmful ultraviolet radiation. Investigations into how rocket emissions (排放) affect ozone began more than three decades ago, but for many years the impact was considered minimal. As the frequency of launches continues to rise, this view is shifting. In 2019, only 97 orbital launches were recorded worldwide, but by 2024, the figure had climbed to 258, with projections pointing to continued rapid growth. Unlike ground-level pollutants, emissions from rockets and re-entering satellites can stay in the middle and upper atmosphere up to 100 times longer, since removal processes such as precipitation do not occur at those heights. While most launches take place in the Northern Hemisphere, the atmospheric flow eventually distributes the pollutants globally. Recently, researchers from ETH Zurich and the Physical Meteorological Observatory in Davos, in cooperation with Laura Revell’s international team at the University of Canterbury, used a chemistry-climate model to see how future emissions might impact the ozone layer by 2030. With 2,040 annual launches by 2030 — roughly eight times the 2024 total — the model predicts that global average ozone thickness would decrease by nearly 0.3%. Seasonal losses could reach as much as 4% over Antarctica, where the ozone hole continues to reappear each spring. While these reductions may appear small, the context is critical. The ozone layer is still recovering from the earlier loss caused by long-lived chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), which were banned under the 1989 Montreal Protocol. Even today, global ozone thickness remains about 2% below pre-industrial levels, and the full recovery is not expected until around 2066. But we believe a launch industry that avoids ozone-damaging effects is entirely possible: Monitoring rocket emissions and carrying out necessary and appropriate regulations are all key to ensuring that the ozone layer continues its recovery. This requires scientists, policymakers, and industry to work together. 8. What is the current view on rocket emissions? A. Their impact will become severe. B. Their distribution is location-limited. C. They will decrease at a faster speed. D. They can be removed by precipitation. 9. Why was the recent research on rocket emissions conducted? A. To seek potential solutions. B. To look into their future effect. C. To address climate change challenges. D. To figure out the leading contributors. 10. What is the function of paragraph 6? A. To show protecting the ozone layer is possible. B. To indicate the dark future of the space industry. C. To argue that the model predictions are worrying. D To set standards for global average ozone thickness. 11. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Global Rocket Launches Are Rocketing B. Can the Ozone Layer Still Protect Earth? C. Rockets Could Eat Away at the Ozone Layer D. Can Ozone-damaging Effects Be Avoided? D The Secret of Success The recipe for succeeding in any given field is hardly a mystery: good ideas, hard work, discipline, imagination, perseverance and maybe a little luck. Oh, and let’s not forget failure, which Dashun Wang and his colleagues at Northwestern University call “the essential prerequisite (先决条件) for success” in a new paper. But not every failure leads to success, he adds. And what eventually separates the winners from the losers, the research shows, certainly is not persistence. One of the more interesting findings in the paper, published last October in Nature, is that the people who eventually succeeded and the people who eventually failed tried basically the same number of times to achieve their goals. It turns out that trying again and again only works if you learn from your previous failures. The idea is to work smart, not hard. You have to figure out what worked and what didn’t, and then focus on what needs to be improved instead of struggling around and changing everything,” says Wang. “The people who failed didn’t necessarily work less than those who succeeded. They could actually have worked more: it’s just that they made more unnecessary changes.” As they explored “the mechanisms governing the dynamics of failure”, Wang’s team identified what they describe as previously unknown statistical signatures that separate successful groups from unsuccessful groups, making it possible to predict their final outcomes. One such key indicator is the time between consecutive (连续的) failed attempts, which should decrease steadily. In other words, the faster you fail, the better your chances of success, and the more time between attempts, the more likely you are to fail again. “If someone has applied for a grant and they are three failures in,” Wang says, “if we just look at the timing between the failures, we will be able to predict whether they will eventually succeed or not.” Working with such large-scale data, Wang and his colleagues were able to identify a critical point that was common to each of the hundreds of thousands of undertakings they had analyzed, a fork in the road where one path leads to a development region and one leads to a stagnation region. Wang points out that the existence of the tipping point cuts against the traditional explanations for failure or success, such as luck or a person’s work habits. “What we’ re showing here is that even in the absence of such differences, you can still have very different outcomes.” he says. What matters is how people fail, how they respond to failure and where those failures lead. 12. It can be learned from Paragraph 2 that________. A. winners are more persistent than losers B. failure is not important for success at all C. more trying doesn’t necessarily result in success D. winners and losers differ in how many times they tried 13. Wang and his colleagues believe that________. A. no one can obtain success without failure B. failure can sometimes help predict success C. the performance pattern is difficult to identify D. the critical point had been discovered by chance 14. The underlined phrase “a stagnation region” in Paragraph 6 refers to a region________. A. without progress B. beyond recognition C. unknown to outsiders D. in its elementary stage 15. What is the conclusion of Wang’s research? A. Winners try less than losers. but gain more. B. Perseverance is the utmost secret to success. C. Working smart could turn failures into future successes. D. Luck and work habits hardly make any difference to the result. 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Mental resilience (韧性) has become a vital skill in today’s fast-paced world. ___16___ Research indicates that individuals with high resilience levels are 35 % more likely to maintain mental health during long-term stress. Let’s explore scientific ally proven methods to strengthen this ability. The Main Idea Explained Resilience is not about reducing stress but managing it effectively. Emerging neurobiological evidence sheds light on this positively adaptive process. ___17___ Neuroscientists (神经学家) compare it to muscle training: facing proper challenged regularly improved mental ability to adjust. For instance, A 2023 Harvard study showed that proper stress increased brain thickness in areas related to making decisions. Physical Activity as a Foundation Exercise is universally recognized as a key resilience-building tool. During aerobic workouts, the body producers BDNF (脑源性神经营养因子), a protein important for brain development. ___18___ Meanwhile, this chemical process not only improved mood but also strengthens mental abilities. To maximize benefits, experts suggest combining 30 minutes of daily exercise with relaxation methods such as deep breathing. The Power of Social Bonds Human beings succeed through meaningful connections. Strong social networks act as psychological safety nets during c rises. ___19___ A Stanford University study over many years found that people with strong social support recovered 50 % faster from emotional difficulties than those who were isolated. Surprisingly, online communication through video calls was 80 % as effective as face-to-face meetings in recent tests. Methods to Change Negative Thoughts How we view difficulties shapes our mental resilience. Psychologists suggest changing extreme negative ideas like “I can’t handle this” into positive views such as “This is hard but possible.” 2022 study found that daily gratitude practice lowers stress hormones by 25 % in three weeks. ___20___ A. Therefore, building strong connections should be a key goal. B. Creative activities like painting unexpectedly better stress tolerance. C. Workplace culture significantly impacts employees’ stress management. D. This natural process helps maintain stable emotions and enhanced clear thinking. E. Moreover actively noticing small daily successes helps develop positive thinking. F. This psychological training strengthens the brain’s ability to handle future challengers. G. It refers to the ability to recover from difficulties while keeping basic operations running. 第三部分 语言运用 (共三节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It was a sunny Sunday afternoon. My husband was taking care of our baby girl so that my six-year-old son and I could do some yard work, just the two of us. It was sure to be ___21___. But soon, the clouds of mosquitos seemed ___22___ to our bug spray (喷雾). I was sweating, itchy, and arguing with my son about how to pull weeds. I had told him the “right” way — getting those weeds out from the bottom, by the roots, ___23___ them entirely. However, my son went about things in his own way. He pulled the ___24___ of the weeds off, moving quickly down the line as he left the remaining part still in the soil. Somehow, I found this to be incredibly ___25___. Why couldn’t he do it in my way and save me the time of having to ___26___ his portion (部分)? Why did he do it at all if he wasn’t going to do it properly? “If you do as told, we’d be done earlier and ___27___ a longer period before we would have to return and pull weeds next time,” I said, trying to keep my tone ___28___. He went back to his work, shaking dirt from his handful of growing things and throwing ___29___ stems into our shared basket. “People do things ___30___, Mom,” he said innocently. My fire soon faded, replaced by the humbling ___31___ that I’d just received a valuable ___32___ from the person that I was supposed to be teaching. While trying to ___33___ my baby girl, my kindergartener, and the yard work, ___34___ was a lifeline for me. But my way was, perhaps, not the best way after all. His time shouldn’t be ___35___. His job was to be a kid and take his time, for as long as he was able. 21. A. relaxing B. disturbing C. urgent D. tough 22. A. sensitive B. resistant C. harmful D. addicted 23. A. removing B. packing C. covering D. preserving 24. A. roots B. fibres C. tops D. points 25. A. amazing B. boring C. annoying D. confusing 26. A. recycle B. redo C. identify D. ignore 27. A. clarified B. launched C. repeated D. promised 28. A. nervous B. mysterious C. light D. loud 29. A. long B. broken C. strong D. useful 30. A. differently B. separately C. hurriedly D. honestly 31. A. ambition B. symbol C. breakthrough D. realization 32. A. behavior B. warning C. lesson D. review 33. A. raise B. land C. teach D. balance 34. A. efficiency B. concentration C. discipline D. quality 35. A. run out of B. set limits to C. made up for D. kept pace with 第二节 语篇填空 (共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chen Ning Yang is widely considered an outstanding physicist. He made enormous contributions that reshaped modern science ____36____ advanced China’s academic development. Born in 1922 in Hefei, he ____37____ (demonstrate) exceptional talent in math and physics at university, despite challenging wartime conditions. After his master’s at Tsinghua, he pursued doctoral studies in Chicago ____38____ the guidance of Nobel winner Enrico Fermi. In 1957, working ____39____ (joint) with Tsung-Dao Lee, he proposed the non-conservation of parity in weak interactions — ____40____ revolutionary theory that shattered (完全颠覆) long-held ____41____ (belief) in physics, earning them the Nobel Prize. The Yang-Mills theory, established with Robert Mills, later formed the structural basis for the Standard Model of particle physics and remains highly ____42____ (influence) in guiding research worldwide. In his later years, Yang returned to China, ____43____ (commit) himself to advancing scientific education at Tsinghua University. Beyond teaching, he fostered international cooperation, ____44____ enhanced China’s global scientific position. His persistent efforts helped establish advanced research systems and inspired numerous students to pursue innovative work. Yang’s life perfectly combined world-class scholarship with deep patriotism. As his wife Weng Fan wrote, his life “was a satisfactory answer sheet ____45____ (hand) in for humanity’s progress.” He became a symbol of China’s rejuvenation (复兴) — a role model showing how knowledge and dedication can serve both humanity and the motherland. 第三节 课本基础知识考查 (共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分) 根据句意，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 46. Advertising and the mass media have developed hand in hand and you can see the power of __________ (persuade). (所给词的适当形式填空) 47. If someone makes a bad mistake which ________ (intention) harms their own interests, they are said to have scored an own goal. (用所给词的适当形式填空) 48. This means putting appropriate controls in place to make sure that genome editing will work __________ our advantage. (用适当的词填空) 49. A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who __________ (trap) in the mountains for two days. (所给词的适当形式填空) 50. ________ the uncertainty about its medical basis, acupuncture has become a popular form of treatment. (用适当的词填空) 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 应用文 (满分15分) 51. 假如你是第九中学的李华，你的美国笔友Demon来信说最近对中医很感兴趣，甚至想尝试一下中国的针灸。请你给他回信，内容包括： 1．针灸的简介； 2．你对针灸未来发展的信心。 注意： 1．写作词数应为80个左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Demon ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 读后续写 (满分25分) 52. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 On a sunny Saturday in June, Alyson, 3, squealed(尖叫) with laughter as she and her mother, Marlen, played hide-and-seek in the front yard of their home. With Marlen close behind, tiny Alyson flashed into the backyard of an elderly neighbor. About halfway across the yard, Alyson suddenly disappeared, seemingly swallowed whole by a barely visible opening in the ground. Marlen screamed. The neighbor’s caretaker, Luz, 26, was preparing dinner in the neighbor’s kitchen and assumed the shrieks were the sounds of children playing. But she ran outside anyway and found Marlen sobbing and Alyson’s sister Damary, 25, kneeing on the grass, dialing 911. “Alyson fell in the hole！” Damary cried to Luz. Luz gave a quick glance down the hole in disbelief and saw only darkness. Then she heard Alyson’s wails(哭泣) from deep underground. “Hang on there, sweety. We’ll get you out soon.” Luz ran inside the house and down to the basement for a ladder,which happened to be not very long. She then settled for a gray extension cord(延长线) to use as a rope with which to rappel(用绳索下降) into the hole. Back in the yard, she and Damary used their hands to dig at the hole, widening the opening from 7 inches in diameter to about 20 inches.Marlen sat on the grass,too distracted to help. At the thought that Alyson might get hurt and was too young to grasp and climb the rope on her own, Luz made up her mind to go down herself. When the police detective Aaron arrived a few minutes later, Luz was already in the hole up to her waist. “Get out of here,” the officer told Luz, lifting her up by the arm. “It’s dangerous for you.” “It’s more dangerous for the Baby,” she argued, “She’s going to die.” 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The detective begged Luz to wait for help, but she determined. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Minutes later, the Fire Department and Rescue Squad arrived. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $