UNIT 6 Section Ⅱ Using language（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（外研版）

[对应知能达标训练P49] Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．We should take practical measures to cope with the crisis we are facing today. 2．The threat of global warming will eventually force the US to slow down its energy consumption(consume). 3．If I find someone who looks like the suspect，my immediate reaction(react) will be to tell the police. 4．Thanks to the Silence Machine，a British invention，you can get rid of the sound without upsetting the boy or his parents. 5．You may give the book to whoever you think would benefit most from reading it. 6．He always participated to the best of his ability in whatever they were doing. 7．Whatever the cost is，these antique buildings must be preserved because they are irreplaceable cultural heritage. 8．You may give it to whoever you think can do the work well. 9．Many children are told that no matter who rings the bell，they can't open the door when they are alone at home. 10．You should keep fit whatever stress you are under. Ⅱ.语法与写作 1．无论多难，他都会尽最大努力解决这个问题。 He will try his best to solve the problem，however/no matter how difficult it is． 2．他善良大方，总是竭尽所能去帮助有需要的人。 He is kind and generous，always trying to do whatever he can to help those in need. 3．不管我说什么，他都不听我的。 Whatever/No matter what I said，he wouldn't listen to me. 4．无论什么引起了他的兴趣，都可以在学校图书馆中找到。 Whatever arouses his interest can be found in the school library. 5．无论你什么时候来，我都欢迎你。 You'll always be welcome，no matter when/whenever you come． Ⅲ.用语篇练语法 Hello，everyone.I'm Anna.It's a great honour to stand here and share my story with you. I developed a strong interest in dancing when I was three years old.But 1.however/no matter how much I loved dancing(无论我多么喜欢跳舞)，I couldn't become a professional dancer because I lost one of my legs in a car accident when I was five.In the beginning，I was hopeless and 2.whoever/no matter who tried talking with me(无论谁尝试跟我说话)，I would get mad at him or her. One day，my dancing teacher came to visit me.She said nothing but gave me a book written by Helen Keller.When I finished reading the book，I was inspired by Helen Keller's story.I realised that I should keep my spirits up and 3.however/no matter how difficult my life was(无论我的生活多么困难)，I should never give up easily.From then on I was determined to learn literature in college.After graduation，I became a writer，and so far，I have written 16 novels. What I want to say is that 4.whenever/no matter when you feel hopeless(当你感到绝望的时候)，please remember that everything will be all right sooner or later. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A The kakapo，a bird that lives in New Zealand，is in danger now.Weighing up to 4 kilograms，it is the world's fattest parrot.It mates(交配) only when the rimu tree is in fruit，which happens every few years.It developed gradually in the absence of land-based natural enemies，so instead of flying above the trees it walks like a duck across the dry forest floor.When it moves unsteadily across something that might kill it，it will stand still. Such unusual characteristics turned it into fast food for human settlers and other creatures.It seemed to have disappeared by the 1970s，until scientists came across two undiscovered populations in the country's south.These survivors were eventually moved to small enemy-free islands，where researchers spent decades trying to get them to breed(交配繁殖). The scientists' patience was finally rewarded.The rimu tree was in fruit this year，and more than 80 baby kakapos were born，making this the best breeding season on record.Many have survived into adolescence，increasing the number of adult kakapos by a third，to 200 birds. Another danger to the kakapo is a lack of genetic diversity.This is one reason why fewer than half of kakapo eggs hatch.By sequencing the genome (测定基因组序列) of every living bird，scientists can identify closely-related individuals and put them on different islands.Every bird is fitted with something to record its slightest movement.If a female mates with an “unsuitable” male，the process can be stopped. All these efforts cost New Zealand almost $1.3 million this breeding season.Yet the kakapo's future still looks unsafe.Earlier this year a severe disease spread through the population.And tiny as the number of kakapos is，space is running out on the two islands where most of them live.New enemy-free shelter must soon be found. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们为了保护新西兰的一种濒临灭绝的鸟类——鸮面鹦鹉所作出的一些努力。 1．Which of the following is a danger to the survival of the kakapo? A．It is the smallest bird in the world. B．It lacks exercise and usually stands still. C．It adapts slowly in genetic development. D．It can't respond actively when facing danger. 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“When it moves unsteadily across something that might kill it，it will stand still.”可知，当它摇摇晃晃地穿过可能会杀死它的东西时，它会静止不动。再结合第二段第一句可推知，当鸮面鹦鹉面对危险时，它不能做出积极的反应，这对鸮面鹦鹉的生存来说是一种威胁。故选D。 答案　D 2．In what way may the scientists' patience be rewarded? A．Two survivors were moved to enemy-free islands. B．They tried to make the rimu tree in fruit this year. C．50 chicks hatched have survived into adults this year. D．They made more than 80 kakapos' eggs hatched this year. 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The scientists' patience was finally rewarded...the best breeding season on record.”可知，科学家的耐心终于得到了回报。80多只雏鸟破壳而出，这是有记录以来最好的繁殖季节。故选D。 答案　D 3．Why did the scientists put kakapos in different islands? A．To stop closely-related kakapos mating. B．To increase the population of kakapos. C．To stop females mating with males. D．To make more kakapos' eggs hatched. 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段的内容可知，鸮面鹦鹉面临的另一个威胁是缺乏遗传多样性。通过测定每只活鸟的基因组序列，科学家可以识别出亲缘关系很近的个体，并把它们放在不同的岛屿上。由此可知，此举是为了阻止鸮面鹦鹉近亲交配。故选A。 答案　A 4．What does the author think of the efforts to protect the kakapo in New Zealand? A．Successful. B．Unsafe. C．Doubtful. D．Inadequate. 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，然而，鸮面鹦鹉的未来看起来仍然不安全。今年早些时候，一种严重的疾病在鸟群中肆虐。尽管鸮面鹦鹉的数量很少，但它们生活的这两个岛屿上的空间已经所剩无几。由此可推知，作者认为保护新西兰鸮面鹦鹉的努力是不够的。故选 D。 答案　D B Alaska's Arctic is experiencing surprising changes with the effects of climate change occurring at twice the rate of the rest of the world.Significant loss of sea ice from a warming climate is one example of this change.Polar bears rely on sea ice—their primary habitat—to hunt seals，which are their primary food source.In certain regions of the Arctic，loss of sea ice has sharply reduced the ability of polar bears to hunt for seals，and it has resulted in polar bears coming to shore to look for food and dens in greater numbers. There are 19 polar bear populations throughout the circumpolar (环极的) Arctic，two of which include the Chukchi and Southern Beaufort Sea populations.“The Southern Beaufort Sea population is considered the most endangered on the planet，and Defenders of Wildlife (an conservation organization) has prioritized our polar bear work to focus on this population，” says Nicole Whittington-Evans，Alaska program director of Defenders. Defenders has a multi-pronged approach to protecting the Southern Beaufort Sea population of polar bears.“We are working to protect its critical habitat，minimize climate change effects and reduce human-polar bear conflicts.To reduce human-polar bear conflicts，we promote and support a variety of coexistence measures，including the use of polar bear-proof food storage lockers and polar bear patrols(巡逻队) in Arctic communities，” says Nicole. The Southern Beaufort Sea population of polar bears has experienced such a dramatic rate of decline in the past few decades that it's possible that this population could be extinct.Clearly strong measures are needed to limit greenhouse gas emissions to lessen the effects of climate change and slow the loss of sea ice. In the case of the Southern Beaufort Sea population of polar bears，in addition to reducing climate impacts，there is a need to continue to work to reduce human-polar bear conflicts so that community residents remain safe and fewer of these polar bears are lost to “defense of life and property” kills.“Defenders is grateful to be able to work with Arctic communities，families and residents to do what we can to ensure community safety and preserve and ultimately recover this polar bear population，” says Nicole. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了气候变化破坏了北极熊的栖息地和食物来源，导致大量北极熊上岸寻找食物和巢穴。Defenders of Wildlife组织采取了多种方式来保护北极熊。 5．How has climate change influenced polar bears? A．It has threatened their freedom and security. B．It has created increasing conflicts among them. C．It has caused a dangerous population imbalance. D．It has destroyed their habitats and food source access. 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Polar bears rely on sea ice...to look for food and dens in greater numbers.”可知，北极熊依靠海冰来捕猎海豹，这是它们的主要食物来源。在北极的某些地区，海冰的减少大大降低了北极熊捕猎海豹的能力，这导致大量北极熊上岸寻找食物和巢穴，因此气候变化破坏了北极熊的栖息地和食物来源从而影响了北极熊。故选D。 答案　D 6．What does paragraph 3 mainly focus on? A．The effects of human activities on polar bears. B．The measures taken to preserve polar bears. C．The current living situations of polar bears. D．The favorable environment for polar bears. 解析　段落大意题。根据第三段内容可知，Defenders多管齐下来保护南波弗特海的北极熊种群，包括在社区使用防北极熊食品储存柜以及建立巡逻队，减少人类与北极熊之间的沖突。因此第三段主要讲的是为保护北极熊而采取的措施。故选B。 答案　B 7．What can be learned about the Southern Beaufort Sea population of polar bears? A．Their population has recovered. B．Their self-protection efforts have worked. C．Some have lost their lives to residents' defense kills. D．Some have adapted to changes in their surroundings. 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知，就南波弗特海的北极熊种群而言，除了减少气候影响外，还需要继续努力减少人类与北极熊的冲突，以确保社区居民的安全，减少北极熊被人们因要“保护生命和财产安全”而被杀死的情况，即有一些北极熊因居民防御而失去生命。故选C。C选项中的 lose sth to sb/sth意为“被……夺去”。 答案　C 8．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．Encountering Polar Bears B．Coexisting with Polar Bears C．Polar Bears Are Making a Comeback D．Polar Bears May Survive the Melting Ice 解析　标题判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要说明了气候变化破坏了北极熊的栖息地和食物来源，导致大量北极熊上岸寻找食物和巢穴，Defenders of Wildlife组织采取了多种方式来保护北极熊并减少人类与北极熊的冲突。因此B选项“与北极熊共存”最符合文章标题。encounter“偶然碰到，偶遇”；make a comeback“重新进行”。 答案　B Ⅱ.七选五 There has been a very serious decline in the numbers of shallow-water fish as a result of overfishing.People still want to eat fish，so the fishing industry must look for other sources，especially in the deep waters of the Atlantic. 1 ． Conservation measures will have to be put in place if these deep-sea fish are to survive.Research on five such species shows that numbers have declined by between 87 percent and 98 percent. 2 Many species could well disappear completely if the present trend continues.These are species that have been swimming in our oceans for hundreds of millions of years. The problem is emphasized by the fact that the decline in numbers happened in less than twenty years.Deep-sea fish take a long time to reproduce and normally live for many years. 3 The average size of such fish also declined，with one species showing a 57 percent decline in average size.This is of particular concern，as large fish tend to produce more offspring than small ones. 4 The deep-sea species have been caught as if they were the fast-breeding (快速繁殖) fish like sardine and herring.It is like killing elephants as if they reproduced at the same rate as rabbits. The damage done by overfishing goes beyond the sea environment.Millions of people make a living in the fishing industry. 5 Measures must be taken to not only conserve ecosystems，but also sustain livelihoods and ensure food security. A．Billions of people rely on fish for protein. B．Many people now choose not to eat deep-sea fish. C．Unfortunately，their reproduction rate is very low. D．This puts them in the category of “critically endangered”． E．None of these facts has been taken into account by the fishing industry. F．Overfishing is a major cause of the decline in the populations of ocean wildlife. G．This has resulted in a sharp decline in the numbers of many of the species caught. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了由于过度捕捞，浅水鱼类的数量严重下降，一些深海物种成了渔业的捕获对象。 1．解析　根据上文可知，人们仍然有吃鱼的需求，因此渔业必须寻找其他来源，特别是在大西洋的深水域。 G选项“这已经导致许多被捕获物种的数量急剧下降”承接上文，说明以上做法导致的不良影响。 答案　G 2．解析　根据上文中的“Research on five such species shows that numbers have declined by between 87 percent and 98 percent.”可知，对五个物种的研究表明，它们的数量已经下降了87%～98%。D选项承接上文，讲这些数量严重下降的物种成为“极度濒危”物种，D项中的this指代上文提到的“numbers have declined by between 87 percent and 98 percent”。 答案　D 3．解析　根据上文可知深海鱼类需要很长时间繁殖，通常可以活很多年。C选项承接上文，说明深海鱼类的繁殖率非常低。C选项中的their指代上文中的Deep-sea fish。 答案　C 4．解析　上一段说明了深海物种的繁殖速度慢，平均尺寸变小等情况；根据空后内容可知，人们仍旧去捕获它们，就好像它们是那些快速繁殖的鱼一样。E选项承上启下，说明渔业没有考虑到上一段提及的这些事实。 答案　E 5．解析　根据本段首句可知，本段主要说明过度捕捞不仅对海洋有影响。根据尾句可知，我们不仅应该采取措施保护生态系统，还应该维持生计并保证食品安全。空前一句对应的是人们的生计，故空处应是讲食品安全。故A选项“数十亿人依赖鱼类获取蛋白质”切题。 答案　A Ⅲ.语法填空 (2024·杭州二中高二期中)Greenpeace is not satisfied 1. the EU move，saying in a statement that the 2035 deadline is too late 2. (limit) global warming to below 1.5 ℃. “Europe desperately needs to decarbonize(使碳减排)transport，but ministers missed a 3. (gold) opportunity.It is now in 4. hands of national authorities to cut car usage，boost public transport，and make more livable cities and towns where more people can cycle or walk，” Greenpeace EU transport campaigner Lorelei Limousin said. Greenpeace criticized EU national governments for 5. (open) the door to further promote “expensive and inefficient synthetic(合成的)fuels that are harmful to the environment and the climate”． The Czech Republic，which 6. (take) the rotating(轮流)six-month presidency of the Council of the EU from France last Friday，has listed energy sector 7. (transform) as a priority but said that it must be carried out in a socially and 8. (economic) sensitive manner so as not to ruin the living standards of EU citizens and the competitiveness of industry. European Commission Executive Vice-President Frans Timmermans，9. is in charge of the EU's Green Deal initiative，applauded the agreement by EU environment ministers as setting the EU on a path toward 10. (it) goals. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是绿色和平组织在一份声明中表示，2035 年全球变暖无法被控制在1.5°以下。 1．解析　考查介词和搭配。be satisfied with是固定短语，意为“对……满意”，故填with。 答案　with 2．解析　考查非谓语动词和句型。“too ＋ 形容词 ＋ to do”是固定句型，意为“太……而不能……”，故空处应填to limit。 答案　to limit 3．解析　考查形容词。空处作定语，修饰名词opportunity，意为“非常有利的”，故填golden。 答案　golden 4．解析　考查冠词和搭配。“in the hands of sb”是固定短语，意为“受某人控制”，故用定冠词the。 答案　the 5．解析　考查非谓语动词。for是介词，其后跟动词-ing形式作宾语，故填opening。 答案　opening 6．解析　考查动词的时态。由last Friday 可知，此处描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故填took。 答案　took 7．解析　考查名词。空处应用名词作宾语，且意为“改革”，故填transformation(s)。 答案　transformation(s) 8．解析　考查副词。sensitive 是形容词，应用副词修饰，故填economically。 答案　economically 9．解析　考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词European Commission Executive Vice-President Frans Timmermans是人，因此应用关系代词who。 答案　who 10．解析　考查代词。根据语境可知，此处表示“使欧盟走上实现它的目标的道路”，空处意为“它的”，应用形容词性物主代词its。 答案　its 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $