UNIT 4 Section Ⅱ Using language（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（外研版）

[对应知能达标训练P31] Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．Sometimes only a little kindness can make a great difference，making the world more beautiful and harmonious (harmony). 2．In a word，the trip will be both relaxing and rewarding(reward)，which is bound to be a memorable experience for you. 3．The document urges schools and all fields of society to make a joint effort to promote(promote)the legal education for college students to higher applicability. 4．It will take you a lot of time to complete(complete) the project，but with hard work and perseverance，you will eventually achieve your goal. 5．It is demanded that everyone(should) hand(hand) in their exercises in time to ensure that the teacher can assess them promptly and provide feedback(反馈) accordingly. 6．It is a waste of time spending(spend) hours on social media without any productive purpose.Instead，we should focus on more meaningful activities that can enhance our skills and knowledge. 7．(2025·浙江卷1月)Instead，she recommends applying(apply) a well-known concept among nutrition experts called the “Division of Responsibility”． 8．(2024·长郡中学期末)In short，this technology is transforming the way we live.It is obvious that we are at a turning point in history. 9．She remembered how difficult it was to choose(choose) a suitable Christmas present for her father. 10．Roy is a new graduate，and it seems that he has difficulty in dealing with wherever problems arise. Ⅱ.语法与写作 1．我们能否在这么短的时间完成这项任务尚待分晓。 It remains to be seen if/whether we can finish the project in such a short time. 2．只要你尽了全力，无论胜败与否都无所谓，因为重要的是你全力以赴了，并从经验中得到了成长。 As long as you try your best, it doesn't matter whether you win or not，because the important thing is that you gave it your all and learned from the experience. 3．真遗憾你错过了那场激动人心的足球比赛！ It is a pity that you missed the exciting football match! 4．我们有必要掌握一些基本的生活技能。 It is necessary for us to master some basic living skills. 5．你抱怨自己没有机会得到一份理想的工作是没用的，因为机会往往在你最意想不到的时候出现。 It's no use complaining that you don't have an opportunity to get an ideal job，because opportunities often arise when you are least expecting them. Ⅲ.用语篇练语法 I have studied English for six years.It was difficult for me 1.to remember(remember) new words first.I tried every means，but it was no use 2.reciting(recite) them over and over again.It was very kind of you 3.to offer(offer) me some suggestions.It is necessary 4.to understand(understand) their meanings in sentences.5.It is no wonder that your English is so good.It is requested that everyone 6.(should) master(master) proper methods of learning.7.It was a shame that I hadn't asked you for help earlier.I will try my best to improve my English.It 8.is hoped (hope) that I will pass the TOEFL and have a chance to study abroad.Thanks for your help.I would be grateful if you could give me a reply soon. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A In the winter of 1910，Dr.Wu Lien-Teh stepped off a train in the northern Chinese city of Harbin.He was there to solve a medical mystery，at great personal risk.Over the past few months，an unknown disease had swept along the railways of northeast China，killing 99.9% of its victims.The Qing Imperial court had sent the Cambridge-educated Dr.Wu north to stop the epidemic. When Dr.Wu arrived in Harbin in December 1910，he carried little in the way of medical instruments and had only one assistant.One of Wu's first acts upon arrival was to set up special quarantine (隔离) units and to order lockdowns to stop infected persons from traveling and spreading the disease.He asked teams to check households for possible cases，and even managed to convince authorities to completely close the railways in the early weeks of 1911.Of particular concern was the upcoming Chinese New Year holiday，which had become a great annual migration of people traveling across the country to see their families. Thanks to Dr.Wu's efforts，the number of plague(瘟疫) victims began to die down，and by March 1，1911，the epidemic was fully contained.The pneumonic (肺炎的) plague outbreak of 1910—1911 lasted nearly four months，affected five provinces and six major cities，and accounted for over 60，000 deaths.It is clear that without the brave and decisive actions taken by Dr.Wu，it could have been much worse.Had the epidemic gone unchecked，allowing holiday rail passengers to spread the disease to the rest of China could have meant a catastrophic loss of life and possibly a global health crisis. In April 1911，Dr.Wu chaired an International Plague Conference in Shenyang，attended by scientists from 11 countries including the United States，Great Britain，Russia，Japan and France.They praised Dr.Wu for his handling of the 1910—1911 outbreak.For a time，Dr.Wu was the world's most famous plague fighter，a title he defended in a malaria epidemic in China in 1919，and a return of plague in 1921. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。1910 年，伍连德博士带着抗击疫情的医学任务来到哈尔滨。在伍博士的努力下，瘟疫的受害者人数下降并完全得到控制。如果疫情没有得到控制，疾病传播到中国其他地区，可能意味着灾难性的生命损失。 1．What was Dr.Wu's mission in 1910? A．To end an epidemic. B．To carry out a secret task. C．To provide medical education. D．To investigate the number of victims. 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The Qing Imperial court had sent the Cambridge-educated Dr.Wu north to stop the epidemic.”可知，伍博士的任务是去结束这场传染病。故选A。 答案　A 2．Which of Dr.Wu's acts stopped the disease from spreading nationwide? A．Checking households for possible cases. B．Convincing authorities to close the railways. C．Setting up special quarantine units around the country. D．Treating infected persons with his medical instruments. 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“even managed to convince authorities to completely close the railways...a great annual migration of people traveling across the country to see their families”可知，伍博士说服当局关闭铁路的行为阻止了这种疾病在全国的传播。故选B。 答案　B 3．What can we learn from the last two paragraphs? A．The disease worsened after March 1，1911. B．60，000 people would have died without Dr.Wu's efforts. C．A global health crisis followed the 1910—1911 outbreak. D．The plague broke out again about 10 years later. 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“a malaria epidemic in China in 1919，and a return of plague in 1921”可知1921年疫情又卷土重来，即大约10年后瘟疫再次爆发。故选D。 答案　D 4．What can be the best title of the text? A．A plague fighter and life saver B．The hard winter of 1910 in Harbin C．Quarantine，the best way to defeat the plague D．A great doctor who wiped out the plague 解析　主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第三段中的“Thanks to Dr.Wu's efforts，the number of plague(瘟疫) victims began to die down，and by March 1，1911，the epidemic was fully contained.”及最后一段中的“For a time，Dr.Wu was the world's most famous plague fighter”可知，A 项“一位抗疫战士及生命救星”符合文意，最适合作本文标题。故选A。 答案　A B The British may be made fun of for their weather-related small talk，but a recent study suggests that just four minutes of chatting can divulge aspects of our personality and influence subsequent(后来的) social interactions. Researchers divided 338 participants into two groups before they met in person and asked each participant to complete a personality and IQ test.Within each group，participants were paired and conversed(交谈) for 4 minutes or had no contact with their partner.Participants were then required to infer aspects of their partner's personality and predict whether they would act cooperatively or selfishly in two money-based strategy games. The results showed that those who chatted scored higher in predicting their partners' IQ and personality test responses，but were also more likely to project their own personality characteristics onto their partners.“Our research suggests that in just a few minutes of small talk，we begin to form a mental model of the person we're talking to，” says Professor Sgroi. Participants then met and played with their conversation partners or，in the case of the no-contact group，met and played with strangers.The researchers then gave each participant ￡20 and asked them to contribute to a joint pot shared with their partners—an experiment called the public goods game. Researchers say people who chatted with their partners were more likely to correctly predict their contributions to the pot.In addition，those who chatted beforehand contributed 30% more than those who did not.The results also depended on the relationships they established through small talk. Georgie Nightingall，founder of Trigger Conversations，says that small talk is a great way to encourage cooperation in the workplace.“People are bad at small talk because it feels like there is no end to it.It can feel awkward and pointless once you have all the information you need.While asking questions helps build relationships with people，people will be happy to have a chat if you show that you care about others.You'd better be sincere and considerate.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。一项研究表明，仅仅四分钟的闲聊就可以透露我们的性格，并影响随后的社交互动。 5．What does the underlined word “divulge” mean in paragraph 1? A．Contribute to. B．Refer to. C．Expose. D．Change. 解析　词义猜测题。文章第一段提到了一个研究结果。根据第三段中的“The results showed...personality test responses” “Our research suggests that...we're talking to”可知，结果显示，那些聊天的人在预测对方的智商和性格测试反应方面得分更高。在短短几分钟的闲聊中，我们开始形成一个与我们交谈的人的心理模型。因此第一段是在说：一项研究结果表明，仅仅四分钟的聊天就可以透露我们的性格，影响之后的社交互动。expose“显露”与divulge 意义相近。 答案　C 6．What helps conversation partners predict the contribution correctly? A．Their common interests and hobbies. B．The differences of their personalities. C．The accurate judgments of each other's IQ. D．Their previous impressions and connections. 解析　推理判断题。根据题干中的“conversation partners predict the contribution correctly”可知，题目与实验过程相关，因此可以把答案锁定在文章的第二至五段。根据第三段中的“Our research suggests...talking to”可知，在短短几分钟的闲聊中，我们开始形成一个与我们交谈的人的心理模型。心理模型可以理解为对对方的印象。第五段中的“The results also depended on the relationships they established through small talk.”表明，预测捐款的结果还取决于他们通过闲聊建立的关系。由此推断，对话中建立的印象和联系帮助他们更为准确地预测捐款。 答案　D 7．What's Nightingall's advice on having small talk? A．Avoid asking people questions. B．Share our personal privacy. C．Show real concern for people. D．Start with our strengths and virtues. 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“While asking...You'd better be sincere and considerate.”可知，Nightingall认为如果你表现出关心他人，人们会很乐意和你聊天。他建议我们最好要真诚和体贴，故选C。 答案　C 8．What's the purpose of this text? A．To present a research outcome. B．To describe a cultural phenomenon. C．To assess British people's social skills. D．To motivate people to interact. 解析　写作意图题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了一项研究结果：仅仅四分钟的闲聊就可以透露我们的性格，并影响随后的社交互动。文章具体陈述了研究的对象、过程。因此，A项“展示一项研究结果”符合题意。 答案　A Ⅱ.七选五 Médecins Sans Frontières(MSF)，which means “Doctors Without Borders”，was established in 1971. 1 In 1999，it won the Nobel Peace Prize.Its aim is to help people who have suffered badly in wars or natural disasters，such as earthquakes or floods. Each year，about 3，000 people are sent abroad to work in more than 60 different countries worldwide. 2 In most projects，there are about seven local members to every one of foreigner.Volunteers are paid about $1，400 each month and receive travel expenses.They usually work on a project for six months to a year.Many volunteers go on more than one mission. One volunteer reports，“Working in politically sensitive areas with limited resources can be frustrating，but there is huge satisfaction in making even a small or temporary difference to people.” What better recommendation than to say，“I'm about to leave on a third mission！” What qualities and skills do you need to become a volunteer? You have to be able to deal with stress，and you need to be able to work independently as well as in a team. 3 Besides medical expertise，MSF needs the skills of technical staff such as building engineers and food experts. 4 “One of my biggest challenges was organizing a team to open a new hospital in a town that had had no medical care for three years，” one volunteer said.This volunteer said the project was a success because of the reduction of deaths and the fact that the local people were so thankful.Another volunteer says，“With MSF，I have had the chance to travel and test my skills to the limits both professionally and personally. 5 ” A．The rewards can be enormous. B．What do volunteers have in common? C．You are not required to have medical qualifications. D．The reaction of volunteers returning from MSF speaks for itself. E．It is now one of the world's largest organizations that provide emergency medical relief. F．In some countries，there are even more volunteer professionals than locally hired staff. G．MSF relies on volunteer professionals but also works closely with about 25，000 locally hired staff. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了无国界医生组织(MSF)，该组织成立于1971年，它的目的是帮助那些在战争或自然灾害中遭受重创的人，比如地震或洪水。 1．解析　根据上下文可知，本段是对无国界医生组织(MSF)的简单介绍，E选项就是对该组织的进一步介绍，而且选项中的It就是指空格前一句中的Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF)。故选E。 答案　E 2．解析　根据上文“Each year，about 3，000 people are sent abroad to work in more than 60 different countries worldwide.”以及下文“In most projects，there are about seven local members to every one of foreigner.”可知，G项填在此处最合适，符合句意，而且选项中的locally和volunteer正好与下文中的local和volunteers照应。故选G。 答案　G 3．解析　根据本段第一句“What qualities and skills do you need to become a volunteer？”可知，本段讲的是成为这个组织的成员需具备的条件。C项“没有必要具有医疗资格”与空后“Besides medical expertise，MSF needs the skills of technical staff such as building engineers and food experts.”相关。故选C。 答案　C 4．解析　根据下文内容可知，本段从志愿者角度评价MSF。D选项中“reaction” “speaks for itself”与下文呼应，且该选项也能作为本段的主旨句。故选D。 答案　D 5．解析　根据前文“With MSF，I have had the chance to travel and test my skills to the limits both professionally and personally.”和空格内容一同作为该志愿者的说话内容，且从意思上判断，这两句话都围绕“MSF志愿服务的好处”展开，因此A项“回报可能是巨大的”既符合句意，也是对前句的总结。故选A。 答案　A Ⅲ.语法填空 When I finished medical school，I decided I was going to become 1. emergency doctor because they have to work with all kinds of people.I did my residency (住院医师实习) in Flushing，Queens.At the end of my residency，I applied 2. a fellowship in International Emergency Medicine at Columbia，3. I am now，and part of that process involved spending around half of the two-year fellowship abroad. I did epidemiology (流行病学) in Burundi，Rwanda，and the Congo.That was the first time I'd worked in Africa and it really 4. (strike) me.I worked alongside Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF)，also 5. (know) as Doctors Without Borders，on a couple of projects and loved what they were doing.I support their impartiality (公正).I really appreciate that.6. (final) I applied to MSF and I 7. (work) on six different missions with them since 2014. I was in Guinea a few 8. (time) during the Ebola outbreaks in 2014 and 2015.I worked in Chad as an epidemiologist for hepatitis E．I worked in Burundi，East Africa，in 2016.I was there just over three months，9. (train) local doctors to treat wounds and injuries.How do you triage (分诊)? How do you focus your resources on saving the most lives in the 10. (short) period of time? At the end of the three months，it was pretty cool seeing how much people had learned. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从医学院毕业后，作为国际急诊医生在世界各地的从医经历。 1．解析　考查冠词。此处泛指“一名急诊医生”，应用不定冠词，且emergency的读音以元音音素开头，故填an。 答案　an 2．解析　考查介词和搭配。固定搭配apply for“申请”，符合句意，故填for。 答案　for 3．解析　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此空引导定语从句，先行词是International Emergency Medicine at Columbia，指地点，关系词在从句中充当地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导，故填where。 答案　where 4．解析　考查时态。根据语境以及and前句子谓语动词可知，此处描述的是过去的事，应用一般过去时，故填struck。 答案　struck 5．解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构和语境可知，此空用非谓语作空前名词MSF的定语，结合固定搭配be known as“被称为”，所以此空用过去分词known，故填known。 答案　known 6．解析　考查副词。此空位于句首，修饰整个句子作状语，应用副词，故填Finally。 答案　Finally 7．解析　考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，此空是and后并列句的谓语，since 2014表示“从2014年到现在”，强调动作从过去一直持续到现在，所以此空用现在完成时，结合主语I，故填have worked。 答案　have worked 8．解析　考查名词复数。此处名词time表示“次数”，且前有a few，表示“一些”，所以用time的复数形式，故填times。 答案　times 9．解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此句已有谓语was，此空应用非谓语动词，且逻辑主语I和train之间是主谓关系，所以用train的现在分词，故填training。 答案　training 10．解析　考查形容词最高级。根据空前的最高级the most以及句意，且空前有定冠词the可知，此空用形容词short的最高级，作period的定语，故填shortest。 答案　shortest 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $