Unit 8 Safe and sound核心单词,词性转换,短语,语法,句型精练-2025-2026学年八年级英语上册单元练习（译林版2024）

班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 8 Safe and sound 单元重点单词变形短语语法句型精练 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 1、 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 1．He wants to be a when he grows up. (post) 2．After hearing the bad news, everyone keeps (silence). 3．It was raining even (heavy) when I was on my way home. 4．There are so many (office) on the second floor. 5．When you ask for (direction) on the road, you’d better use some polite (礼貌的) words. 6．The price for the hotel room is 235 dollars a night, (include) breakfast. 7．Wendy (watch) an interesting movie when her mother came home from work. 8．On World Book Day, many people enjoy reading (silent) by turning off mobiles for an hour. 9．—Can I help you? —Yes, I want two (hat) . 10．Sally isn’t wearing glasses, so she can’t see the pictures (clear). 11．“I can do it.” Tom said to (he) before finishing his task alone. 12．The kind woman always helps the (home) children. 13．I hope that all our worries and troubles can (appear) in the new year. 14．What did the fish do to (avoid) its enemies? 15．I feel (nervously) before exams. 16．Ann (pick) apples on the farm at this time yesterday. 17．We must take our (passport ) when we go broad. 18．In life, we have to face many different （situation）. 19．The dog was on the floor.（lie） 20．You can see some （sign）along the road. 二、根据汉语提示完成单词(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 21．He gets up early every day (除了……之外) Sunday. 22．We should keep (沉着的) when there is a fire. 23．After taking the final examination, she isn’t (紧张不安的) any more. 24．The postman delivers letters on this (道路) every day. 25．I sometimes go to Miss Yang’s (办公室) and ask her questions. 26．Ada wants to buy a new (帽子). 27．After a heavy rain, we saw a (晴朗的) sky with a rainbow yesterday. 28．There is a (新闻报道) about animals on TV. 29．Linda didn’t want to give the (报告) because she felt nervous when speaking in front of others. 30．Now we’re in a difficult (情况). But don’t give up. 三、完成句子(本大题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分) 31．昨晚8点，我们在观看关于如何保护濒危动物的电视节目。 We a TV programme about how to protect endangered animals at 8 p. m. last night. 32．我正在超市购物的时候，她给我打电话了。 She called me while I in the supermarket. 33． Linda was sleeping, Jenny was helping Mary her homework. 琳达在睡觉的时候，珍妮正在帮玛丽做作业。 34．尽管下着大雨，但是他仍然艰难地前往学校。 It was raining heavily, but he was still to school. 35．以往我每次放学回家时，弟弟总是在玩玩具。 Every time I got home from school, my little brother with toys. 36．我不记得那时他正在做什么。 I didn’t remember at that time. 37．昨天下午5点你在做什么？ What you at five yesterday afternoon? 38．我的朋友杰克总是发生事故。 My friend Jack always accidents. 39．你最好勇敢面对挑战，而不是逃避。 You’d better face challenges bravely instead of . 40．由于地震，数百名游客被困在这个镇上了。 Hundreds of visitors because of the earthquake. 四、短文填空(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Over the years, movies and books have used tornadoes a lot in their stories. A tornado can be very dangerous. It usually has wind speeds (速度) of about 100 metres per second, and 1 (travel) a long distance. Most tornadoes last for less than 10 minutes. 2 (sad), tornadoes kill many people every year. Scientists can’t go inside tornadoes. That means tornadoes are very hard to study. As 3 result, it is still 4 (certain) how tornadoes form and die. 5 (tell) how strong a tornado is, scientists look at how much damage it causes and show the levels on the EF-Scale 6 EF0 to EF5. For example, if a tornado only damages trees, it will be at the level of EF0, while a tornado at the 7 (strong) level of EF5 blows away buildings with a wind speed of over 100 metres per second. 8 tornadoes can happen very quickly, make sure you know what to do when facing them. When you find 9 (you) meeting a tornado, calm down and try to find a safe place inside. Put your hands over the back of your head for 10 (protect). Also, stay away from windows and heavy things, or they may fall on you. 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整 Earthquakes are one of the most t 1 natural disasters. We cannot prevent them, and we don’t know when they will h 2 . This makes earthquakes very d 3 . Recently, there have been earthquakes in China, Japan, India, and El Salvador. What c 4 earthquakes? Well, all the land and the ocean are sitting on l 5 pieces of plates (板块). The plates are all a 6 the earth. They fit t 7 like a big puzzle (拼图). Earthquakes may happen when two plates m 8 against each other. Some parts of the earth s 9 , like ocean waves (波浪). We do not know when earthquakes will take place, but we can do some things to keep ourselves s 10 . We can teach people what to do if there is an earthquake. This way, we can make these natural disasters just a little less terrible. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 8 Safe and sound 单元重点单词变形短语语法句型精练 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 1、 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 1．He wants to be a when he grows up. (post) 【答案】postman 【详解】句意：他长大后想当邮递员。根据“He wants to be a”可知他想成为一名邮递员，a后加可数名词单数postman“邮递员”。故填postman。 2．After hearing the bad news, everyone keeps (silence). 【答案】silent 【详解】句意：听到这个坏消息后，大家都保持沉默。keep adj表示“保持……状态”。silent“沉默的”。故填silent。 3．It was raining even (heavy) when I was on my way home. 【答案】more heavily 【详解】句意：我在回家的路上，雨下得更大了。heavy“沉重的”，形容词。分析题干和提示词可知，空处应用heavy的副词形式heavily“沉重地”修饰动词raining；结合语境可知，此处暗含比较之意，且even常用于修饰比较级，所以空处应填heavily的比较级，故填more heavily。 4．There are so many (office) on the second floor. 【答案】offices 【详解】句意：二楼有这么多办公室。根据空前“so many”可知，此处应用名词office的复数形式offices。故填offices。 5．When you ask for (direction) on the road, you’d better use some polite (礼貌的) words. 【答案】directions 【详解】句意：当你在路上问路时，你最好使用一些礼貌的词语。ask for directions表示“问路”，名词用复数表示泛指。故填directions。 6．The price for the hotel room is 235 dollars a night, (include) breakfast. 【答案】including 【详解】句意：这家旅馆的房间价格是每晚235美元，包括早餐。include是实义动词，空前已有谓语动词is，所以此处应用介词including作状语。故填including。 7．Wendy (watch) an interesting movie when her mother came home from work. 【答案】was watching 【详解】句意：温迪正在看一部有趣的电影，这时她妈妈下班回到家。根据“Wendy...(watch) an interesting movie when her mother came home from work.”可知，在温迪的妈妈下班回到家的时候，她正看着电影。when引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，此时主句应用过去进行时“was/were doing”，主语是“Wendy”，此时be动词用was。故填was watching。 8．On World Book Day, many people enjoy reading (silent) by turning off mobiles for an hour. 【答案】silently 【详解】句意：在世界读书日，许多人喜欢通过关掉手机一个小时来安静地阅读。此处修饰动词，应用副词silently，意为“安静地”。故填silently。 9．—Can I help you? —Yes, I want two (hat) . 【答案】hats 【详解】句意：——我能帮你吗？——是的，我想要两顶帽子。空前有“two”，所给词“hat”为可数名词，需要使用复数形式。故填hats。 10．Sally isn’t wearing glasses, so she can’t see the pictures (clear). 【答案】clearly 【详解】句意：莎莉没有戴眼镜，所以她看不清楚这些图片。clear“清楚的”，是形容词，修饰动宾短语see the pictures，用副词，故填clearly。 11．“I can do it.” Tom said to (he) before finishing his task alone. 【答案】himself 【详解】句意：在独自完成任务之前，汤姆自言自语道：“我能做到。”say to oneself表示“自言自语”，空处需用himself表示“他自己”。故填himself。 12．The kind woman always helps the (home) children. 【答案】homeless 【详解】句意：这个善良的女人总是帮助无家可归的孩子们。根据“always helps the...children”及提示词可知，此处指无家可归的孩子；homeless“无家可归的”，形容词作定语。故填homeless。 13．I hope that all our worries and troubles can (appear) in the new year. 【答案】disappear 【详解】句意：我希望在新的一年我们所有的担心和烦恼都能消失。根据“I hope”可知，此处是对新的一年的希望，所以应是希望担心和烦恼都消失，动词disappear“消失”，情态动词can后跟动词原形。故填disappear。 14．What did the fish do to (avoid) its enemies? 【答案】avoid 【详解】句意：鱼做什么来躲避敌人？动词不定式符号to后加动词原形avoid“避免”，动词不定式作目的状语。故填avoid。 15．I feel (nervously) before exams. 【答案】nervous 【详解】句意：考试前我很紧张。空处作feel的表语，应用形容词nervous“紧张的”。故填nervous。 16．Ann (pick) apples on the farm at this time yesterday. 【答案】was picking 【详解】句意：昨天这个时候安正在农场摘苹果。pick“采摘”，动词，作谓语，根据“at this time yesterday”可知，时态用过去进行时（was/were doing），主语是第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was picking。 17．We must take our (passport ) when we go broad. 【答案】passports 【详解】句意：我们外出时必须带上护照。因为passport“护照”为可数名词，且根据空前our可知，此空应填名词复数形式，故填passports。 18．In life, we have to face many different （situation）. 【答案】situations 【详解】句意：在生活中，我们不得不面多许多不同的情况。根据空前many different“许多不同的”可知，空处用名词复数形式。故填situations。 19．The dog was on the floor.（lie） 【答案】lying 【详解】句意：这条狗正躺在地上。根据所给空前面的was以及所给动词lie“躺”，而且主语the dog可以发出lie这个动作，所以用过去进行时，过去进行时构成：主语+was/were+doing，lie的现在分词是lying，故填lying。 20．You can see some （sign）along the road. 【答案】signs 【详解】句意：沿着道路你能看到一些指示牌。sign“指示牌”，根据空前“some”可知，用复数形式，故填signs。 二、根据汉语提示完成单词(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 21．He gets up early every day (除了……之外) Sunday. 【答案】except 【详解】句意：除了星期天，他每天起得很早。except“除了……之外”，介词。故填except。 22．We should keep (沉着的) when there is a fire. 【答案】calm 【详解】句意：当发生火灾时我们应该保持冷静。calm“沉着的，冷静的”，形容词，在句中作表语。keep calm为固定短语，意为“保持冷静”。故填calm。 23．After taking the final examination, she isn’t (紧张不安的) any more. 【答案】nervous 【详解】句意：期末考试后，她不再紧张了。根据中文提示，“紧张不安的”nervous，在句中作表语。故填nervous。 24．The postman delivers letters on this (道路) every day. 【答案】road 【详解】句意：邮递员每天在这条路上送信。road“道路”，根据空前的“this”可知，此处用单数形式。故填road。 25．I sometimes go to Miss Yang’s (办公室) and ask her questions. 【答案】office 【详解】句意：我有时去杨老师的办公室问她问题。“办公室”对应的英语单词是“office”，此处用单数。故填office。 26．Ada wants to buy a new (帽子). 【答案】hat 【详解】句意：阿达想买一顶新帽子。帽子：hat，可数名词，冠词a修饰可数名词单数。故填hat。 27．After a heavy rain, we saw a (晴朗的) sky with a rainbow yesterday. 【答案】clear 【详解】句意：昨天一场大雨过后，我们看到了有彩虹的晴朗天空。句中的“晴朗的”侧重于强调天空无云、清晰，用形容词clear。故填clear。 28．There is a (新闻报道) about animals on TV. 【答案】report 【详解】句意：电视上有一篇关于动物的新闻报道。report“新闻报道”，名词。结合提示词和题干可知，不定冠词a修饰可数名词单数report，短语a report about animals表示“一篇关于动物的新闻报道”。故填report。 29．Linda didn’t want to give the (报告) because she felt nervous when speaking in front of others. 【答案】report 【详解】句意：琳达不想做报告，因为她在别人面前讲话时感到紧张。report“报告”，可数名词，根据语境可知，此处用单数形式。故填report。 30．Now we’re in a difficult (情况). But don’t give up. 【答案】situation 【详解】句意：现在我们处境艰难。但不要放弃。situation“情况”，根据“a”可知，空格处填可数名词单数。故填situation。 三、完成句子(本大题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分) 31．昨晚8点，我们在观看关于如何保护濒危动物的电视节目。 We a TV programme about how to protect endangered animals at 8 p. m. last night. 【答案】 were watching 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“在观看”，结合“at 8 p. m. last night.”可知，时态应用过去进行时，构成为was/were doing，主语We为复数形式，be动词应用were；watch“观看”，现在分词为watching。故填were；watching。 32．我正在超市购物的时候，她给我打电话了。 She called me while I in the supermarket. 【答案】 was shopping 【详解】购物：shop；结合“She called me while...”和语境可知，此处while引导的时间状语从句应用过去进行时“was/were doing”，主语是“I”，此时be动词用was。故填was；shopping。 33． Linda was sleeping, Jenny was helping Mary her homework. 琳达在睡觉的时候，珍妮正在帮玛丽做作业。 【答案】 While with 【详解】分析句子可知，句子是while引导的时间状语从句，置于句首首字母需大写，help sb. with sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”，固定词组。故填While；with。 34．尽管下着大雨，但是他仍然艰难地前往学校。 It was raining heavily, but he was still to school. 【答案】pushing his way 【详解】动词短语push one’s way to表示“奋力前进”，was后接现在分词，构成过去进行时。故填pushing his way。 35．以往我每次放学回家时，弟弟总是在玩玩具。 Every time I got home from school, my little brother with toys. 【答案】 was playing 【详解】play“玩”，动词。根据句意可知，说话人回家的时候，弟弟正在玩玩具，所以应用过去进行时，主语是单数，be动词用was。故填was；playing。 36．我不记得那时他正在做什么。 I didn’t remember at that time. 【答案】 what he was doing 【详解】根据中英文对照，可知空处缺少“他正在做什么”。题干中“I did’t remember”中remember是动词，动词后接宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述语序。主句的谓语是一般过去时，从句也用相应的过去时，因此为过去进行时，因此what he was doing符合题意。故填what；he；was；doing。 37．昨天下午5点你在做什么？ What you at five yesterday afternoon? 【答案】 were doing 【详解】do“做”，动词；根据“at five yesterday afternoon”可知，时态为过去进行时，结构为was/were doing；主语为“you”，应用were；do的现在分词为doing。故填were；doing。 38．我的朋友杰克总是发生事故。 My friend Jack always accidents. 【答案】 was having 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处可用过去进行时，构成为was/ were doing；主语Jack为第三人称单数形式，因此用was；have accidents“发生事故”，此处应用have的现在分词形式having。故填was；having。 39．你最好勇敢面对挑战，而不是逃避。 You’d better face challenges bravely instead of . 【答案】running away from them 【详解】run away from“逃避”，是固定短语，of是介词，后接动名词，run的动名词是running，them“它们”，指代复数名词challenges。故填running away from them。 40．由于地震，数百名游客被困在这个镇上了。 Hundreds of visitors because of the earthquake. 【答案】were trapped in the town 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“被困在这个镇上”，be trapped in“被困在……”，是固定用法，主语是Hundreds of visitors，时态为一般过去时，所以be动词用were；town“镇子”，其前加定冠词the表示特指。故填were trapped in the town。 四、短文填空(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Over the years, movies and books have used tornadoes a lot in their stories. A tornado can be very dangerous. It usually has wind speeds (速度) of about 100 metres per second, and 1 (travel) a long distance. Most tornadoes last for less than 10 minutes. 2 (sad), tornadoes kill many people every year. Scientists can’t go inside tornadoes. That means tornadoes are very hard to study. As 3 result, it is still 4 (certain) how tornadoes form and die. 5 (tell) how strong a tornado is, scientists look at how much damage it causes and show the levels on the EF-Scale 6 EF0 to EF5. For example, if a tornado only damages trees, it will be at the level of EF0, while a tornado at the 7 (strong) level of EF5 blows away buildings with a wind speed of over 100 metres per second. 8 tornadoes can happen very quickly, make sure you know what to do when facing them. When you find 9 (you) meeting a tornado, calm down and try to find a safe place inside. Put your hands over the back of your head for 10 (protect). Also, stay away from windows and heavy things, or they may fall on you. 【答案】 1．travels 2．Sadly 3．a 4．uncertain 5．To tell 6．from 7．strongest 8．Since/Because/As 9．yourself 10．protection 【导语】文章围绕龙卷风展开，介绍其具有危险性，难以研究，还给出人们遭遇龙卷风时应冷静找安全处、保护自身等应对建议。 1．句意：它通常风速约为每秒100米，并且行进很长一段距离。根据前半句可知，句子时态是一般现在时，主语为It，故填travels。 2．句意：可悲的是，龙卷风每年都会造成很多人死亡。根据“tornadoes kill many people every year”可知，此处应用副词修饰整个句子。设空位于句首，首字母大写，故填Sadly。 3．句意：因此，龙卷风如何形成和消失仍然不确定。固定搭配as a result意为“结果”，符合语境。故填a。 4．句意：因此，龙卷风如何形成和消失仍然不确定。空处应用形容词作表语，根据“how tornadoes form and die”可知，此处指尚不确定，故填uncertain。 5．句意：为了判断龙卷风有多强烈，科学家观察它造成的破坏程度，并在EF等级表上从EF0到EF5标注等级。分析句子可知，此处应用不定式作目的状语，句首单词首字母大写，故填To tell。 6．句意：为了判断龙卷风有多强烈，科学家观察它造成的破坏程度，并在EF等级表上从EF0到EF5标注等级。根据固定搭配“from...to...”意为“从……到……”，符合语境，故填from。 7．句意：例如，如果龙卷风只破坏树木，它会处于EF0等级，而处于EF5最强等级的龙卷风，风速超过每秒100米，会把建筑物吹走。根据the和EF5可知，此处应用形容词最高级，故填strongest。 8．句意：因为龙卷风可能发生得非常突然，所以要确保你知道面对它们时该怎么做。“tornadoes can happen very quickly”是“make sure you know what to do when facing them”的原因，Since/Because/As都可引导原因状语从句，表“因为；由于”，句首首字母大写。故填Since/Because/As。 9．句意：当你发现自己遭遇龙卷风时，冷静下来并尽量在室内找一个安全的地方。根据句子主语是you，这里强调“发现你自己遭遇龙卷风时”，要用反身代词yourself，作find的宾语。故填yourself。 10．句意：把你的手放在后脑勺以保护（自己）。根据“for”是介词，后接名词。protect是动词，其名词形式protection表示“保护”。故填protection。 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整 Earthquakes are one of the most t 1 natural disasters. We cannot prevent them, and we don’t know when they will h 2 . This makes earthquakes very d 3 . Recently, there have been earthquakes in China, Japan, India, and El Salvador. What c 4 earthquakes? Well, all the land and the ocean are sitting on l 5 pieces of plates (板块). The plates are all a 6 the earth. They fit t 7 like a big puzzle (拼图). Earthquakes may happen when two plates m 8 against each other. Some parts of the earth s 9 , like ocean waves (波浪). We do not know when earthquakes will take place, but we can do some things to keep ourselves s 10 . We can teach people what to do if there is an earthquake. This way, we can make these natural disasters just a little less terrible. 【答案】 1．(t)errible/(t)ypical 2．(h)appen 3．(d)angerous 4．(c)auses 5．(l)arge 6．(a)round 7．(t)ogether 8．(m)ove 9．(s)hake 10．(s)afe 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了地震的成因、危害以及如何在地震中保护自己。 1．句意：地震是最可怕的/典型的自然灾害之一。根据首字母提示和“natural disasters”可知，terrible意为“可怕的”，typical意为“典型的”，均符合语境。故填 (t)errible/(t)ypical。 2．句意：我们不能预防它，我们不知道它们何时会发生。空格在情态动词will后需接动词原形，根据首字母提示和“We cannot prevent them”，应填表示“发生”的动词。故填(h)appen。 3．句意：这使得地震非常危险。根据首字母提示和上下文对地震危害的描述可知，地震很危险，dangerous“危险的”，形容词作宾语补足语。故填(d)angerous。 4．句意：什么导致地震？空格是特殊疑问句的谓语动词，主语“What”为单数，需用三单形式。根据首字母提示和下文对地震成因的解释。故填(c)auses。 5．句意：陆地和海洋都位于巨大的板块上。根据首字母提示和板块理论常识可知，版块面积巨大，large“巨大的”，形容词作定语。故填(l)arge。 6．句意：所有的板块都环绕着地球。around the earth“环绕地球”，为固定搭配。故填(a)round。 7．句意：它们像拼图一样紧密拼接。根据首字母提示和比喻“like a puzzle”可知，此处指拼在一起，together意为“在一起”。故填(t)ogether。 8．句意：当两个板块相互碰撞时可能发生地震。根据首字母提示和常识可知，板块运动相撞，就有可能会发生地震，应用move；时态为一般现在时，主语是two plates。故填(m)ove。 9．句意：地球的某些部分会摇晃，像海浪一样。根据首字母提示和地震时的震动现象。时态为一般现在时，主语“parts”为复数，需动词原形。故填(s)hake。 10．句意：我们不知道地震什么时候会发生，但是我们可以做些事情来保证自身安全。根据首字母提示和防灾目的，safe意为“安全的”，形容词作宾语补足语。故填(s)afe。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $