精品解析：2026届上海市金山区高考一模英语试题

2025学年第一学期质量监控 高三英语试卷 (时间105分钟，分值115分) I. Grammar and vocabulary (20分) Section A (10分) Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Many Paws (爪子) Driving Pet Economy Forward In China, an increasing number of pet owners, especially those born in the 1990s and 2000s, now treat their pets as family members. This emotional bond has driven ____1____ is known as the “pet economy”, leading to new consumption trends and business opportunities across various industries. According to iiMedia Research, the pet industry is expected to reach 1.15 trillion yuan by 2028. ____2____ (support) by rising incomes and changing lifestyles, the industry continues to expand rapidly. Shanghai leads this trend, ____3____ (host) over 120,000 pet-related businesses.“In China, over 90% of pet owners see their pets as family. Being pet-friendly is becoming a key competitive edge,” noted Zino Helminger of CBRE China. Major commercial projects ____4____ (adapt) quickly. Many shopping malls are introducing pet-friendly facilities ____5____ (attract) visitors. For example, Shanghai Suhe MixC World has created special pet zones and pathways, which helped increase foot traffic by 30% in early 2025. Similarly, the Bund Finance Center has seen growing sales in pet services ____6____ it upgraded its offerings. The Center entered its“pet-friendly 2.0 stage”this year, attracting over 2,600 members ____7____ made 7,000 pet-related purchases. Innovative formats are also emerging. Gogogym, China’s first dog fitness center opened in Shanghai, ____8____ (book) fully on weekends since its July launch. “We plan to open four to five new locations in the next year,” said founder Joey Yeo. ____9____ _____10_____ _____11_____ rapid growth, challenges remain. Operators must deal with unclear regulations, and _____12_____ (high) costs for pet-friendly designs as well as more specialized training in animal behavior. Still, with China’s pet population predicted to hit 570 million by 2029, the pet economy shows strong potential. By combining shopping with social activities, businesses are not only meeting practical needs but also creating emotional value — making the pet economy a lasting and influential trend. Section B (10分) Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. abstract B. bonding C. conflict D. constructively E. deepen F. massively G. mean H. pretending I. redefine J. shame K. tempting In Defense of Gossip Culturally, gossip has a poor reputation. It is often seen as a female activity or simply as talking badly about others. However, the social and emotional functions of gossip are ____13____ overlooked. Gossip allows us to make sense of ____14____ thought: When we gossip about people productively, we are analyzing their behavioral patterns, which includes contextualizing their actions with their motives and influences. Hence, good-faith gossip can ____15____understanding and empathy (共鸣), better equipping individuals to find the right way to resolve referenced conflicts. On another level, we are ____16____ with people we gossip with. Sharing worries or frustrations with trusted friends builds closeness. It lets us be honest instead of ____17____ to always be patient. It shows we trust our friends not to use our words against others. Of course, gossip can sometimes become ____18____. It can spread false information or ____19____ people. Private information can be shared without permission, causing hurt. But these problems come from how gossip is used, not from gossip itself. We can’t simply say gossip is morally wrong. What matters is whether it is used to understand and help, not to harm. When there are an intention and an effort to gossip ____20____ rather than destructively, we use gossip as a social and emotional tool that gives us a space to process, empathize, connect, and relax. Every day, we can decide to be kinder individuals and to fulfill the obligations (责任) as sensible beings. We cannot entirely stay away from gossip because of its bad reputation. Instead, we must ____21____ it. “Quitting” gossip is not as productive as thinking of it as a nonjudgmental method of social observation and _____22_____ resolution. After all, gossip isn’t only about what we say about others: It’s about how we choose to understand them. II. Reading Comprehension (45分) Section A (15分) Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Mounting evidence from medical studies has indicated that people who think positively have a lower risk of dying of all causes compared with others their own age who have a more pessimistic view of life. Over the past decade, researchers have ____23____ practical ways to build and maintain a hopeful attitude toward the future. Feeling pleasure actively ____24____ positivity. Try focusing your attention on joyful moments as they happen, consciously appreciating each experience. While weddings or vacations naturally create delight, everyday pleasures often go ____25____ until they fade. By slowing down and truly engaging — whether sharing a meal or chatting with a friend—you add to your enjoyment. Practicing ____26____ also matters. This means appreciating what you receive. Keeping an appreciation journal helps: regularly writing down specific things you’re thankful for, reliving the emotions ____27____ to them. This habit ____28____ deeper appreciation and makes blessings feel less ordinary. ____29____, develop mindfulness. Train your mind to focus ____30____ on the present through regular and structured practice, accepting whatever arises. Unlike enjoying pleasure alone, mindfulness involves fully ____31____ both pleasant and difficult experiences. Staying mindful boosts ____32____ in daily activities and builds your mental toughness to handle challenges. By ____33____ in the “here and now,” many reduce worries about the future, regrets over the past. Maintaining purpose is equally vital. ____34____ life changes — like job loss, children leaving home, or losing loved ones — can bring sorrow. During tough times, stick to ____35____: sleep well, exercise, eat healthily, and stay connected. Define painful transitions as new challenges. If you’re between jobs or retired, look for volunteer opportunities that would benefit from your professional skills. If you miss having children in your life, consider ____36____ or providing academic support. If you’ve lost a parent or spouse, supporting others who are sorrowful can be helpful. Recognizing your strength to weather storms maintains positivity. Emphasizing the positive helps you bounce back from hardship and face future losses. Studies consistently show older adults grow more content with age despite accumulating losses. They tend to minimize the ____37____, accept limitations, and set realistic goals. Adopting these practices earlier makes more impact — potentially enriching your life’s quality. Start encouraging positivity now; its benefits last a lifetime. 23. A. blocked B. reserved C. identified D. qualified 24. A. clarifies B. sustains C. caps D. consumes 25. A. unnoticed B. sour C. wrong D. flashed 26. A. gratitude B. hope C. enthusiasm D. passion 27. A. tailored B. attached C. subjected D. limited 28. A. leads to B. results from C. makes up D. stands for 29. A. Generally B. Additionally C. Interestingly D. Especially 30. A. systematically B. theoretically C. desperately D. considerably 31. A. opposing B. understanding C. repeating D. welcoming 32. A. engagement B. argument C. management D. amusement 33. A. persevering B. specializing C. anchoring D. excelling 34. A. Major B. Desirable C. Constant D. Similar 35. A. regulations B. routines C. supervisors D. exploits 36. A. dedicating B. coaching C. cancelling D. rating 37. A. novel B. negative C. sensitive D. subjective Section B (22分) Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) What is the true worth of a human life? Are all lives equally valuable? My struggle with these serious questions ultimately shaped my core beliefs. After a major tragedy years ago, I faced the difficult task of setting compensation amounts (补偿金) for every victim lost. The law required me to assign higher values to professionals like financial managers than to waiters, police officers, firefighters, or soldiers. This practice occurs daily in courtrooms nationwide. Our legal system traditionally links compensation for death directly to each victim’s financial standing — their lost earning power. However, meeting heart-broken families and facing up to the painful reality of assigning monetary worth to lives lost made me deeply question this fundamental legal principle. As a lawyer, I was trained to accept that no two lives have equal financial value. Yet, this increasingly conflicted with my growing belief in the inner equality of all life. A firefighter’s widow challenged me: “Sir, my husband died a hero. Why does the family of that disgraceful finance manager receive more? Does this not dishonor my husband’s memory?” My legal justifications felt hollow, even to myself. I initially offered standard arguments: I wasn’t judging anyone’s inner moral worth, merely following the law, as juries (陪审团) do daily. But these words rang empty for heartbroken families. They fell on deaf ears. I was deeply conflicted. It seemed far more just for public funds to compensate every victim equally — declaring, in effect, that all lives hold equal worth. Yet, the law prevailed (占上风) then. Years later, following another terrible loss of life involving students and teachers, I was again asked to design a compensation plan, this time funded privately. At this moment, my belief as a citizen finally overcame my lawyer’s training. This time, every family received the same amount. If faced with such public compensation again, I do hope the law will state firmly that all lives deserve equal treatment. Courtrooms, judges, lawyers, and juries are not the answer when it comes to public compensation. Resolving my inner conflict taught me a vital lesson: Public compensation must avoid financial distinctions that only deepen survivors’ pain and sorrow. Ultimately, in the face of loss, the law must honor the simplest truth: every life possesses immeasurable, equal dignity — a value no court can price. 38. According to the author, what does the law use as the basis for setting compensation amounts for victims? A. The victim’s moral worth. B. The family’s emotional pain. C. The victim’s professional title. D. The victim’s earning ability. 39. How did the firefighter’s widow view the compensation system? A She thought it reflected true equality. B. She considered it as a necessary legal practice. C. She believed it honored her husband’s sacrifice. D. She viewed it as a disrespectful way to honor a hero. 40. Why did the author have a mixed feeling at first? A. He was criticized by the heartbroken families for his arguments. B. Public funds were not enough to compensate all the victims equally. C. The juries refused to cooperate with him in making legal justification. D. He thought equal compensation was fair but had to follow the unfair law. 41. What is the author’s primary argument about public compensation after mass tragedies? A. Financial distinctions help families recover faster. B. Public funds must assure the equal value of all lives. C. Lawyers should have full control over fund distribution. D. Jury decisions should determine individual compensation. (B) Migration is a natural phenomenon observed in species across the animal kingdom. Every year, millions of animals set out on a long journey in search of food, shelter, and mating opportunities. Often traveling thousands of miles, these animals push the limits of endurance. Multigenerational relay Perhaps one of the most famous migrations is the multigenerational round trip of the monarch butterfly. Each year, millions of monarch butterflies leave Canada and fly south to Mexico, where they gather to survive the winter. When spring arrives, the monarchs start their return journey north. The population goes through three to five generations before reaching its destination. The Great Migration Wildebeest take the crown for the most dramatic migration. Wildebeest live in huge groups of over one million individuals, along with thousands of zebras and gazelles. During the dry season, this giant herd (兽群) migrates in search of fresh grass and water. It is a round-trip that spans two countries: Tanzania and Kenya. The herd moves as a great group. Individuals must keep up or risk being hunted by the lions and crocodiles that gather to hunt. Whales on the move Humpback whales are one of the largest animals on Earth, weighing up to 36,000 kilograms. These giants spend their summers at feeding grounds in cold, nutrient-rich waters that support plenty of small fish. In winter, they migrate to warmer waters to raise their young whales and avoid predation (捕食) by killer whales. It is a journey that can take over 8,000 kilometers each way, making it the longest migration of any mammal on Earth. 42. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage? A. A Miracle of Animal Migration B. The Challenges of Animal Migration C. The Struggle for Survival in the Wild D. Incredible Journeys in the Animal World 43. As an animal lover, you can learn ________ from the passage. A. humpback whales travel to cold waters in winter to raise the young B. the wildebeest migration takes place within the borders of Tanzania C. monarch butterflies complete their round-trip migration in a single generation D. the wildebeest herd is often followed by predators such as lions and crocodiles 44. What do the three animals’ migration have in common? A. They all complete their round-trip migration within a year. B. Their migratory behaviors are related to seasonal changes. C. They all overcome lots of difficulties to travel to warmer places. D. Their migrations are primarily to escape from natural predators. (C) In some Western parts, children of healthy weight have long become the exception. Now even in poor countries, childhood obesity (肥胖) is spreading faster than ever before. The problem is not new: the percentage of overweight children around the world went up in the 1980s, as junk food became a dietary staple. But the trend today is alarming. A report by UNICEF found that the number of school-aged children who are obese is, for the first time, higher than those who do not get enough food to stay healthy. In Niue and the Cook Islands, nearly 40% of 5 — 19-year-olds are obese — the highest rates in the world. The south Pacific also has some of the worst adult obesity rates, fueled by shifting diets and a culture that prizes size. America ranks in the top 20 countries for childhood obesity, with a rate of 20%. In Europe, Hungary leads with 15%. Poor countries are particularly ill-equipped to tackle this issue. Health systems there were built to fight hunger not obesity. Many babies are born underweight because of poor diets when their mothers are expecting them. That alters their metabolism (新陈代谢) and makes rapid weight gain and other long-term health problems more likely in adulthood. In South America and parts of Africa and the Middle East, the share of overweight children is already higher than in western Europe and is nearing the 45% seen in North America. The reason is simple: cheap, heavily processed foods are dominating children’s diets worldwide, crowding out fresh fruits, vegetables and proteins. A UNICEF survey of 20 low- and middle-income countries found that more than half of babies aged 6 — 23 months in 13 countries had consumed sweet drinks or sugary foods the previous day. Even in Britain many ready-to-eat baby foods marketed as healthy are far from it. In countries with lax regulation, the meals are worse. A study of hundreds of baby foods sold in seven South-East Asian countries found that half were ultra-processed. A third contained additives that are not permitted under the Codex Alimentarius, the UN’s food-standards code. But changing diets is hard. Ultra-processed foods are about 50% cheaper than fresh or minimally processed foods, according to the UN’s report on food systems. A global survey of school meals in 2024 found that 25% of schools served processed meats, 21% served sweets, 19% served deep-fried food and 14% provided sugar-sweetened drinks. Stronger rules that restrict the advertising and sales of unhealthy foods could help. So could financial aid to make good food cheaper. What children eat early shapes their tastes for life. Adult diets are habits fixed in childhood. Once formed, those tastes are hard to shift. 45. The author cites the specific obesity rates of Niue and the Cook Islands, America, and Hungary in Paragraph 2 primarily ________. A. to argue that European policies are the most effective B. to show the problem is global, affecting diverse regions C. to rank the economic development levels of these places D. to suggest the issue is most severe in Pacific Island nations 46. Which of the following is a major concern regarding childhood obesity in poor countries according to the passage? A. Parents are not aware of the risks of obesity at all. B. Children refuse to eat any fresh fruits or vegetables. C. There is a complete lack of regulations on food advertising. D. Health systems are not designed to deal with such problems. 47. The underlined word “lax” in Paragraph 4 probably means ________. A. strict B. effective C. loose D. detailed 48. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To criticize the food industry for promoting unhealthy foods. B. To recommend specific lifestyle programs for obese children. C. To analyze the global trend and challenges of childhood obesity. D. To compare obesity rates between developed and poor countries. Section C (8分) Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. How to Reduce Screen Time and Focus on Studying In today’s digital age, where screens dominate both education and entertainment, managing screen time has become an essential skill for students. While we can’t avoid using devices completely, learning to manage our screen time can lead to better focus, improved health, and greater academic achievements. A good way to start is by using the screen time tracker already on your phone or computer. ____49____ It can encourage you to transition to offline activities once your time is up. To further minimize distractions keeping your phone away when you’re studying also helps. Try making your desk or bedroom a phone-free area. Studies show that just seeing your phone can make it harder to concentrate, so putting it in another room while you study is a smart move. For those needing extra motivation focus apps offer a creative solution. These tools, like Forest, gamify the process of staying offline. For example, you grow a virtual tree that stays alive only if you don’t use your phone. You can also try studying in short blocks, like 25 minutes at a time with 5-minute breaks in between. ____50____ It is called the Pomodoro Technique, a structured method for developing deep work habits, managing energy, and defeating digital distractions. ____51____ Writing by hand has been shown to help you remember things better than typing. Additionally, you might also want to set aside time each day to study without any screens at all. Even one hour can make a difference. Remember, the goal isn’t to stop using technology completely. ____52____ By trying these simple ideas, you can take back your time, focus better on your work, and feel more in control of your day. A. Setting daily limits for distracting apps creates a clear boundary. B. It also helps you become more aware of where your time is going. C. Turning off messages during this session can further reduce temptation. D. It’s about finding a good balance so that screens don’t control your life. E. Beyond digital tools, embracing physical study materials provides substantial benefits. F. This method helps your brain stay fresh and makes it easier to remember what you’re learning. III. Summary writing (10分) 53. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. The role of music in advertising Music is all around us. It’s an accessible and popular art form which accompanies our daily lives, so advertisers spend much time and money securing the right music for an advertisement in order to boost sales. Research suggests that the specific qualities of music as an art form enhance the science of selling. As one researcher puts it, “Music is the catalyst (催化剂) of advertising. It expands pictures and colors words, and often adds a form of energy available through no other source.” Take the visually simple but interesting advertisement for an airline in France, with the soundtrack of Mozart’s Piano Concerto No. 23, for example. It projects greatness and elegance in the hope that viewers will associate those qualities with the airline. My research, which looked at hundreds of viewer comments about the music used in advertising, suggested it was successful. Music is also effective at arousing feelings of nostalgia (怀旧之情). The extent to which music arouses emotional memories in advertisements creates associations with consumers’ past experiences. A good choice of music allows businesses to tap into this nostalgia for commercial benefit. However, the use of popular music in advertising can also develop arguments around the tension between artistic effort and commercialism. Some people believe a work of art shouldn’t be used for the pursuit of profit. The findings of my study showed that consumers sometimes passionately oppose the use of music produced by respected musicians in advertisements, as they believe that doing this destroys its pure artistic value. For example, the use of the Beatles’ song Revolution by one shoe brand was seen by some as using John Lennon’s song word to sell shoes. It made some of its wearers so angry that they refused to buy the products. So advertisers need to be careful. While the right choice of music can attract customers, the wrong choice can create opposition. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ IV. Translation (15分) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 54. 每当他高兴的时候，就会手舞足蹈。(whenever) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________ 55. 如果这些数据站得住脚，它将帮助我们认清正在调查的问题。(light) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________ 56. 劳动实践不仅能让我们体会劳动价值，还能培养工匠精神，从而助力个人长远发展(not only) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________ 57. 人们习惯了通过社交媒体上的视频了解目的地，这类视频能为自主出行提供实用参考，让他们更有信心地奔赴陌生之地。（research）（汉译英） ___________________________________________________________________ V. Guided writing (25分) 58. Directions: Write an English composition in 120 — 150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 近年来，上海农村在发展中出现了新变化——比如新建了乡村图书馆、引入了特色农业旅游项目。有人觉得这些变化让生活更便利，也有人担心会淡化本土乡村特色。请结合你的观察和生活实际，谈谈你的看法。 1. 简述家乡的1 — 2个具体变化； 2. 谈谈你对此观点并阐明理由。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025学年第一学期质量监控 高三英语试卷 (时间105分钟，分值115分) I. Grammar and vocabulary (20分) Section A (10分) Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Many Paws (爪子) Driving Pet Economy Forward In China, an increasing number of pet owners, especially those born in the 1990s and 2000s, now treat their pets as family members. This emotional bond has driven ____1____ is known as the “pet economy”, leading to new consumption trends and business opportunities across various industries. According to iiMedia Research, the pet industry is expected to reach 1.15 trillion yuan by 2028. ____2____ (support) by rising incomes and changing lifestyles, the industry continues to expand rapidly. Shanghai leads this trend, ____3____ (host) over 120,000 pet-related businesses.“In China, over 90% of pet owners see their pets as family. Being pet-friendly is becoming a key competitive edge,” noted Zino Helminger of CBRE China. Major commercial projects ____4____ (adapt) quickly. Many shopping malls are introducing pet-friendly facilities ____5____ (attract) visitors. For example, Shanghai Suhe MixC World has created special pet zones and pathways, which helped increase foot traffic by 30% in early 2025. Similarly, the Bund Finance Center has seen growing sales in pet services ____6____ it upgraded its offerings. The Center entered its“pet-friendly 2.0 stage”this year, attracting over 2,600 members ____7____ made 7,000 pet-related purchases. Innovative formats are also emerging. Gogogym, China’s first dog fitness center opened in Shanghai, ____8____ (book) fully on weekends since its July launch. “We plan to open four to five new locations in the next year,” said founder Joey Yeo. ____9____ _____10_____ _____11_____ rapid growth, challenges remain. Operators must deal with unclear regulations, and _____12_____ (high) costs for pet-friendly designs as well as more specialized training in animal behavior. Still, with China’s pet population predicted to hit 570 million by 2029, the pet economy shows strong potential. By combining shopping with social activities, businesses are not only meeting practical needs but also creating emotional value — making the pet economy a lasting and influential trend. 【答案】1. what 2. Supported 3. hosting 4. are adapting 5. to attract 6. since 7. who##that 8. has been booked 9. In 10. spite 11. of 12. higher 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍中国宠物经济的发展态势、商业布局创新及增长潜力，同时提及行业面临的挑战。 【1题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：在中国，越来越多的宠物主人，尤其是90后和00后，如今将宠物视为家庭成员，这种情感纽带推动了所谓的“宠物经济”，催生了各行业新的消费趋势和商机。此处引导宾语从句，作driven的宾语，从句中缺少主语，指“……的事物”，用连接代词what。故填what。 【2题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在收入增加和生活方式转变的支撑下，这个行业持续快速扩张。此处为非谓语动词作状语，the industry与support为被动关系，用过去分词supported，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Supported。 【3题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：上海引领了这一趋势，拥有超过12万家宠物相关企业。此处为非谓语动词作状语，Shanghai与host为主动关系，用现在分词hosting。故填hosting。 4题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：大型商业项目正在迅速做出调整。此处为谓语动词，结合语境，此处强调现阶段正在进行的动作，用现在进行时，主语Major commercial projects为复数，所以谓语动词为are adapting。故填are adapting。 【5题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：许多购物中心正在引入宠物友好型设施，以吸引游客。此处为非谓语动词作目的状语，用动词不定式to attract。故填to attract。 【6题详解】 考查连词。句意：同样，外滩金融中心自升级服务以来，宠物服务类销售额持续增长。此处引导时间状语从句，结合主句的谓语动词为现在完成时has seen和从句中的谓语动词upgraded为一般过去时可知，用连词since，表“自从……以来”。故填since。 【7题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：该中心今年进入“宠物友好2.0阶段”，吸引了2600多名会员，这些会员完成了7000笔宠物相关消费。此处引导定语从句，先行词为over 2,600 members，指人，在从句中作主语，用关系代词who/that。故填who/that。 【8题详解】 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：中国首家狗狗健身中心Gogogym在上海开业，自7月开业以来，周末预约一直爆满。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语since its July launch，强调从过去持续到现在的被动状态，用现在完成时的被动语态；主语Gogogym为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为has been booked。故填has been booked。 【9题详解】 考查介词。句意：尽管增长迅速，挑战依然存在。此处与小题10、11构成固定短语in spite of，意为“尽管”，位于句首，首字母大写，用介词In。故填In。 【10题详解】 考查名词。句意：尽管增长迅速，挑战依然存在。此处与小题9、11构成固定短语in spite of，用名词spite。故填spite。 【11题详解】 考查介词。句意：尽管增长迅速，挑战依然存在。此处与小题9、10构成固定短语in spite of，用介词of。故填of。 【12题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：经营者必须应对法规不明确、宠物友好型设计成本更高以及动物行为相关专业培训需求增加等问题。结合后文的“more specialized”可知，此处暗含与非宠物友好型设计成本的对比，用high的比较级higher，意为“更高的”。故填higher。 Section B (10分) Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A abstract B. bonding C. conflict D. constructively E. deepen F. massively G. mean H. pretending I. redefine J. shame K. tempting In Defense of Gossip Culturally, gossip has a poor reputation. It is often seen as a female activity or simply as talking badly about others. However, the social and emotional functions of gossip are ____13____ overlooked. Gossip allows us to make sense of ____14____ thought: When we gossip about people productively, we are analyzing their behavioral patterns, which includes contextualizing their actions with their motives and influences. Hence, good-faith gossip can ____15____understanding and empathy (共鸣), better equipping individuals to find the right way to resolve referenced conflicts. On another level, we are ____16____ with people we gossip with. Sharing worries or frustrations with trusted friends builds closeness. It lets us be honest instead of ____17____ to always be patient. It shows we trust our friends not to use our words against others. Of course, gossip can sometimes become ____18____. It can spread false information or ____19____ people. Private information can be shared without permission, causing hurt. But these problems come from how gossip is used, not from gossip itself. We can’t simply say gossip is morally wrong. What matters is whether it is used to understand and help, not to harm. When there are an intention and an effort to gossip ____20____ rather than destructively, we use gossip as a social and emotional tool that gives us a space to process, empathize, connect, and relax. Every day, we can decide to be kinder individuals and to fulfill the obligations (责任) as sensible beings. We cannot entirely stay away from gossip because of its bad reputation. Instead, we must ____21____ it. “Quitting” gossip is not as productive as thinking of it as a nonjudgmental method of social observation and _____22_____ resolution. After all, gossip isn’t only about what we say about others: It’s about how we choose to understand them. 【答案】13. F 14. A 15. E 16. B 17. H 18. K 19. J 20. D 21. I 22. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要为流言正名，阐述其积极社交功能并指出关键在于正确使用。 【13题详解】 考查副词。句意：然而，流言在社交和情感方面的作用却被极大地忽视了。空处修饰动词overlooked，应用副词；结合选项，副词massively“极大地；大量地”符合语境，指流言的积极作用被严重忽视。故选F。 【14题详解】 考查形容词。句意：流言能帮助我们理解抽象的想法：当我们有益地谈论他人时，我们会分析他们的行为模式，包括结合他们的动机和影响来解读其行为。空处修饰名词thought，应用形容词；形容词abstract“抽象的”符合语境，指流言可将抽象想法具象化分析。故选A。 【15题详解】 考查动词。句意：因此，善意的流言能够加深理解和共鸣，让人们更有能力找到解决相关冲突的正确方法。情态动词can后接动词原形；结合后文better equipping individuals to find the right way to resolve referenced conflicts可知，动词deepen“加深；深化”符合语境，指善意流言的积极作用。故选E。 【16题详解】 考查固定搭配。句意：在另一个层面上，我们会和一起聊八卦的人建立情感联结。固定搭配bond with sb. 意为“与某人建立亲密关系”，此处用现在进行时，结合选项填bonding。故选B。 【17题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它让我们能够坦诚相待，而不必假装总是很有耐心。介词短语instead of后接动名词形式；结合前文lets us be honest可知，动词pretending“假装”符合语境，指不用伪装自己的情绪。故选H。 【18题详解】 考查形容词。句意：当然，流言有时也会变得具有诱惑性（易引人误入歧途）。系动词become后接形容词作表语；结合后文It can spread false information可知，形容词 tempting“诱惑人的；易引发不良后果的”符合语境，指流言存在的负面影响隐患。故选K。 【19题详解】 考查动词。句意：它可能会传播虚假信息，或者让人蒙羞。情态动词can后接动词原形，与spread并列作谓语；结合后文causing hurt可知，动词shame“使蒙羞；使丢脸”符合语境，指流言的伤害性。故选J。 【20题详解】 考查副词。句意：当我们有意且努力地建设性地聊八卦，而非破坏性地传播时，流言就成了一种社交和情感工具，能给我们提供一个处理情绪、产生共鸣、建立联结和放松的空间。空处修饰动词gossip，应用副词；结合后文rather than destructively可知，副词constructively“建设性地”与之对应，指正确的流言方式。故选D。 【21题详解】 考查动词。句意：相反，我们必须重新定义它。情态动词must后接动词原形；结合前文We cannot entirely stay away from gossip because of its bad reputation可知，动词redefine“重新定义”符合语境，指不否定流言，而是重新认识它的价值。故选I。 【22题详解】 考查名词。句意：与其“戒掉”流言，不如将其视为一种无偏见的社会观察和冲突解决方法，这样会更有意义。空处与social observation并列，作介词of的宾语，应用名词；结合前文resolve referenced conflicts可知，名词conflict“冲突”符合语境，指流言可作为解决冲突的途径。故选C。 II. Reading Comprehension (45分) Section A (15分) Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Mounting evidence from medical studies has indicated that people who think positively have a lower risk of dying of all causes compared with others their own age who have a more pessimistic view of life. Over the past decade, researchers have ____23____ practical ways to build and maintain a hopeful attitude toward the future. Feeling pleasure actively ____24____ positivity. Try focusing your attention on joyful moments as they happen, consciously appreciating each experience. While weddings or vacations naturally create delight, everyday pleasures often go ____25____ until they fade. By slowing down and truly engaging — whether sharing a meal or chatting with a friend—you add to your enjoyment. Practicing ____26____ also matters. This means appreciating what you receive. Keeping an appreciation journal helps: regularly writing down specific things you’re thankful for, reliving the emotions ____27____ to them. This habit ____28____ deeper appreciation and makes blessings feel less ordinary. ____29____, develop mindfulness. Train your mind to focus ____30____ on the present through regular and structured practice, accepting whatever arises. Unlike enjoying pleasure alone, mindfulness involves fully ____31____ both pleasant and difficult experiences. Staying mindful boosts ____32____ in daily activities and builds your mental toughness to handle challenges. By ____33____ in the “here and now,” many reduce worries about the future, regrets over the past. Maintaining purpose is equally vital. ____34____ life changes — like job loss, children leaving home, or losing loved ones — can bring sorrow. During tough times, stick to ____35____: sleep well, exercise, eat healthily, and stay connected. Define painful transitions as new challenges. If you’re between jobs or retired, look for volunteer opportunities that would benefit from your professional skills. If you miss having children in your life, consider ____36____ or providing academic support. If you’ve lost a parent or spouse, supporting others who are sorrowful can be helpful. Recognizing your strength to weather storms maintains positivity. Emphasizing the positive helps you bounce back from hardship and face future losses. Studies consistently show older adults grow more content with age despite accumulating losses. They tend to minimize the ____37____, accept limitations, and set realistic goals. Adopting these practices earlier makes more impact — potentially enriching your life’s quality. Start encouraging positivity now; its benefits last a lifetime. 23. A. blocked B. reserved C. identified D. qualified 24. A. clarifies B. sustains C. caps D. consumes 25. A. unnoticed B. sour C. wrong D. flashed 26. A. gratitude B. hope C. enthusiasm D. passion 27. A. tailored B. attached C. subjected D. limited 28. A. leads to B. results from C. makes up D. stands for 29 A. Generally B. Additionally C. Interestingly D. Especially 30. A. systematically B. theoretically C. desperately D. considerably 31. A. opposing B. understanding C. repeating D. welcoming 32. A. engagement B. argument C. management D. amusement 33. A. persevering B. specializing C. anchoring D. excelling 34. A. Major B. Desirable C. Constant D. Similar 35. A. regulations B. routines C. supervisors D. exploits 36. A. dedicating B. coaching C. cancelling D. rating 37. A. novel B. negative C. sensitive D. subjective 【答案】23. C 24. B 25. A 26. A 27. B 28. A 29. B 30. A 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. A 35. B 36. B 37. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍培养和保持积极乐观心态的几种实用方法及其重要作用。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去十年里，研究人员已经找到了培养和保持对未来抱有希望态度的实用方法。A. blocked阻塞；阻碍；B. reserved预订；保留；C. identified发现；确认；D. qualified使合格；限定。根据前文“Mounting evidence from medical studies has indicated that people who think positively have a lower risk of dying of all causes”可知，医学研究已证实积极心态的益处，因此研究人员应是发现了培养积极心态的方法。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：主动感受快乐有助于维持积极性。A. clarifies阐明；澄清；B. sustains维持；支撑；C. caps覆盖；限制；D. consumes消耗；消费。根据后文“Try focusing your attention on joyful moments as they happen, consciously appreciating each experience”可知，关注快乐时刻的建议是为了维持积极的状态。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然婚礼或假期自然能带来喜悦，但日常的快乐往往在悄然流逝前都不被人注意。A. unnoticed未被注意的；被忽视的；B. sour酸的；脾气坏的；C. wrong错误的；有毛病的；D. flashed闪光的；闪现的。根据后文“By slowing down and truly engaging — whether sharing a meal or chatting with a friend—you add to your enjoyment”可知，作者建议放慢节奏感受日常，说明日常快乐常不被注意。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：培养感恩之心也很重要。A. gratitude感激；感恩；B. hope希望；期望；C. enthusiasm热情；热忱；D. passion酷爱。根据后文“This means appreciating what you receive. Keeping an appreciation journal helps”可知，该段建议欣赏所拥有的事物、写感恩日记，核心是培养感恩之心。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：写感恩日记会有帮助：定期写下你特别感激的事情，重温与之相关的情感。A. tailored定制；量身定做；B. attached使依附；附属；C. subjected使服从；使遭受；D. limited限制；限定。根据空格后“to them”可知，此处是固定搭配 attached to，表示“与……相关的”，用来修饰emotions。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这个习惯会带来更深层次的感恩之情，让那些值得感恩的事不再显得平淡无奇。A. leads to导致；带来；B. results from起因于；由……造成；C. makes up组成；编造；D. stands for代表；象征。根据前文“regularly writing down specific things you’re thankful for, reliving the emotions attached to them”可知，写感恩日记的习惯会带来更深的感恩之情。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，培养正念。A. Generally通常；普遍地；B. Additionally此外；另外；C. Interestingly有趣地；D. Especially尤其；特别。前文介绍了主动感受快乐、培养感恩之心两种方法，本句提出培养正念的新方法，属于补充建议，应用“此外” 连接。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：通过规律且有条理的练习，训练你的大脑系统性地专注于当下，接纳所发生的一切。A. systematically系统地；有条理地；B. theoretically理论上地；C. desperately拼命地；绝望地；D. considerably相当地；非常地。根据前文“through regular and structured practice”可知，规律且有条理的练习对应的是系统性地专注当下。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：与单纯享受快乐不同，正念包括全然接纳愉快和艰难的经历。A. opposing反对；反抗；B. understanding理解；明白；C. repeating重复；复述；D. welcoming欣然接受；欢迎。根据前文“accepting whatever arises”可知，正念的核心是接纳一切，因此是欣然接受愉快和艰难的经历。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：保持正念能增强日常活动中的参与感，并培养你应对挑战的心理韧性。A. engagement参与；投入；B. argument争论；论点；C. management管理；经营；D. amusement娱乐；消遣。根据前文“mindfulness involves fully ____ both pleasant and difficult experiences”可知，正念要求全身心接纳经历，能增强人在日常活动中的参与感。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过专注于 “此时此地”，许多人减少了对未来的担忧和对过去的遗憾。A. persevering坚持；不屈不挠；B. specializing专门研究；专攻；C. anchoring使扎根；使基于；D. excelling擅长；胜过他人。根据前文“Train your mind to focus systematically on the present”可知，此处指专注于当下，anchoring in有“扎根于；立足于”的含义，契合语境。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：重大的人生变故 —— 比如失业、孩子离家或失去至亲 —— 都可能带来悲伤。A. Major重大的；主要的；B. Desirable值得拥有的；合意的；C. Constant持续的；恒定的；D. Similar相似的；类似的。根据后文“like job loss, children leaving home, or losing loved ones”可知，这些都是重大的人生变化。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在艰难时期，坚持日常作息：睡好、运动、健康饮食并保持社交联系。A. regulations规则；规章；B. routines常规；日常作息；C. supervisors监督者；管理者；D. exploits功绩；业绩。根据后文“sleep well, exercise, eat healthily, and stay connected”可知，这些是日常的生活作息。故选B。 【36题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你怀念生活中有孩子的时光，可以考虑辅导孩子或者提供学业支持。A. dedicating献身；致力于；B. coaching辅导；指导；C. cancelling取消；终止；D. rating评价；评级。根据后文“providing academic support”可知，此处是与之并列的行为，辅导孩子符合语境。故选B。 【37题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们倾向于淡化消极的一面，接受自身的局限，并设定切实可行的目标。A. novel新奇的；异常的；B. negative消极的；负面的；C. sensitive敏感的；灵敏的；D. subjective主观的；个人的。根据前文“Studies consistently show older adults grow more content with age despite accumulating losses”可知，老年人虽有诸多失去却更满足，原因是他们淡化消极的事物。故选B。 Section B (22分) Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) What is the true worth of a human life? Are all lives equally valuable? My struggle with these serious questions ultimately shaped my core beliefs. After a major tragedy years ago, I faced the difficult task of setting compensation amounts (补偿金) for every victim lost. The law required me to assign higher values to professionals like financial managers than to waiters, police officers, firefighters, or soldiers. This practice occurs daily in courtrooms nationwide. Our legal system traditionally links compensation for death directly to each victim’s financial standing — their lost earning power. However, meeting heart-broken families and facing up to the painful reality of assigning monetary worth to lives lost made me deeply question this fundamental legal principle. As a lawyer, I was trained to accept that no two lives have equal financial value. Yet, this increasingly conflicted with my growing belief in the inner equality of all life. A firefighter’s widow challenged me: “Sir, my husband died a hero. Why does the family of that disgraceful finance manager receive more? Does this not dishonor my husband’s memory?” My legal justifications felt hollow, even to myself. I initially offered standard arguments: I wasn’t judging anyone’s inner moral worth, merely following the law, as juries (陪审团) do daily. But these words rang empty for heartbroken families. They fell on deaf ears. I was deeply conflicted. It seemed far more just for public funds to compensate every victim equally — declaring, in effect, that all lives hold equal worth. Yet, the law prevailed (占上风) then. Years later, following another terrible loss of life involving students and teachers, I was again asked to design a compensation plan, this time funded privately. At this moment, my belief as a citizen finally overcame my lawyer’s training. This time, every family received the same amount. If faced with such public compensation again, I do hope the law will state firmly that all lives deserve equal treatment. Courtrooms, judges, lawyers, and juries are not the answer when it comes to public compensation. Resolving my inner conflict taught me a vital lesson: Public compensation must avoid financial distinctions that only deepen survivors’ pain and sorrow. Ultimately, in the face of loss, the law must honor the simplest truth: every life possesses immeasurable, equal dignity — a value no court can price. 38. According to the author, what does the law use as the basis for setting compensation amounts for victims? A. The victim’s moral worth. B. The family’s emotional pain. C. The victim’s professional title. D. The victim’s earning ability. 39. How did the firefighter’s widow view the compensation system? A. She thought it reflected true equality. B. She considered it as a necessary legal practice. C. She believed it honored her husband’s sacrifice. D. She viewed it as a disrespectful way to honor a hero. 40. Why did the author have a mixed feeling at first? A. He was criticized by the heartbroken families for his arguments. B. Public funds were not enough to compensate all the victims equally. C. The juries refused to cooperate with him in making legal justification. D. He thought equal compensation was fair but had to follow the unfair law. 41. What is the author’s primary argument about public compensation after mass tragedies? A Financial distinctions help families recover faster. B. Public funds must assure the equal value of all lives. C. Lawyers should have full control over fund distribution. D. Jury decisions should determine individual compensation. 【答案】38. D 39. D 40. D 41. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。身为律师的作者反思了法律如何依据收入能力计算死亡赔偿金，并认为这种制度不公正，消防员遗孀的质问让他意识到，这种做法伤害了家属，他主张公共赔偿应平等对待受害者，以尊重生命的尊严。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Our legal system traditionally links compensation for death directly to each victim’s financial standing — their lost earning power. (我们的法律体系传统上将死亡赔偿金直接与受害者的财务状况——即他们丧失的赚钱能力挂钩。)”可知，作者认为法律依据受害者的收入能力来确定其赔偿金额。故选D项。 【39题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“A firefighter’s widow challenged me: “Sir, my husband died a hero. Why does the family of that disgraceful finance manager receive more? Does this not dishonor my husband’s memory?” (一位消防员的遗孀质疑我：“先生，我丈夫英勇牺牲了。为什么那个可耻的财务经理的家人得到的更多？这难道不是对我丈夫纪念的亵渎吗？”)”可知，消防员遗孀认为赔偿制度不公正，甚至贬低了她丈夫的英勇牺牲。由此可知，她认为这一赔偿制度是对英雄的不敬。故选D项。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“I was deeply conflicted. It seemed far more just for public funds to compensate every victim equally — declaring, in effect, that all lives hold equal worth. Yet, the law prevailed (占上风) then. (我深感矛盾。似乎使用公共资金平等赔偿所有受害者更为公正——实际上就是在宣告所有生命具有同等价值。然而，当时法律仍然占上风。)”可知，作者最初感到矛盾是因为他认为平等赔偿更公平，但不得不遵循不公平的法律。故选D项。 【41题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Public compensation must avoid financial distinctions that only deepen survivors’ pain and sorrow. Ultimately, in the face of loss, the law must honor the simplest truth: every life possesses immeasurable, equal dignity — a value no court can price. (公共赔偿必须避免只会加深幸存者的痛苦和悲伤的经济区分。最终，面对生命的逝去，法律必须尊重一个最简单的真理：每一个生命都具有不可估量且平等的尊严——这是法庭无法定价的价值。)”可知，作者主张公共赔偿应避免经济区分，确保所有生命被平等对待，即公共资金必须确保所有生命的平等价值。故选B项。 (B) Migration is a natural phenomenon observed in species across the animal kingdom. Every year, millions of animals set out on a long journey in search of food, shelter, and mating opportunities. Often traveling thousands of miles, these animals push the limits of endurance. Multigenerational relay Perhaps one of the most famous migrations is the multigenerational round trip of the monarch butterfly. Each year, millions of monarch butterflies leave Canada and fly south to Mexico, where they gather to survive the winter. When spring arrives, the monarchs start their return journey north. The population goes through three to five generations before reaching its destination. The Great Migration Wildebeest take the crown for the most dramatic migration. Wildebeest live in huge groups of over one million individuals, along with thousands of zebras and gazelles. During the dry season, this giant herd (兽群) migrates in search of fresh grass and water. It is a round-trip that spans two countries: Tanzania and Kenya. The herd moves as a great group. Individuals must keep up or risk being hunted by the lions and crocodiles that gather to hunt. Whales on the move Humpback whales are one of the largest animals on Earth, weighing up to 36,000 kilograms. These giants spend their summers at feeding grounds in cold, nutrient-rich waters that support plenty of small fish. In winter, they migrate to warmer waters to raise their young whales and avoid predation (捕食) by killer whales. It is a journey that can take over 8,000 kilometers each way, making it the longest migration of any mammal on Earth. 42. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage? A. A Miracle of Animal Migration B. The Challenges of Animal Migration C. The Struggle for Survival in the Wild D. Incredible Journeys in the Animal World 43. As an animal lover, you can learn ________ from the passage. A. humpback whales travel to cold waters in winter to raise the young B. the wildebeest migration takes place within the borders of Tanzania C. monarch butterflies complete their round-trip migration in a single generation D. the wildebeest herd is often followed by predators such as lions and crocodiles 44. What do the three animals’ migration have in common? A. They all complete their round-trip migration within a year. B. Their migratory behaviors are related to seasonal changes. C. They all overcome lots of difficulties to travel to warmer places. D. Their migrations are primarily to escape from natural predators. 【答案】42. D 43. D 44. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍动物界普遍存在的迁徙现象，并通过帝王蝶、角马和座头鲸的案例，详细阐述它们各自的迁徙特点与生存意义。 【42题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段“Migration is a natural phenomenon observed in species across the animal kingdom. Every year, millions of animals set out on a long journey in search of food, shelter, and mating opportunities. (迁徙是动物界各类物种中普遍存在的自然现象。每年，数百万动物踏上漫长旅程，寻找食物、栖息地和交配机会)”以及表格中的三段分别聚焦三种动物的迁徙旅程，由此可知，“动物世界中令人惊叹的迁徙之旅”可以概括本文的主题，适合作为最佳标题。故选D项。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据The Great Migration部分中的“The herd moves as a great group. Individuals must keep up or risk being hunted by the lions and crocodiles that gather to hunt. (兽群以庞大的群体形式迁徙。个体必须跟上队伍，否则就有可能被聚集在此狩猎的狮子和鳄鱼捕食)”可知，角马群迁徙时经常被狮子、鳄鱼等捕食者跟随；根据Whales on the move部分中的“In winter, they migrate to warmer waters to raise their young whales and avoid predation (捕食) by killer whales. (冬季，它们会迁徙到温暖的水域抚育幼鲸，以躲避虎鲸的捕食)”可知，A项“座头鲸冬季前往寒冷水域育幼”与原文不符；根据The Great Migration部分中的“It is a round-trip that spans two countries: Tanzania and Kenya. (这是一次跨越两个国家的往返迁徙：坦桑尼亚和肯尼亚)”可知，B项“角马迁徙仅在坦桑尼亚境内进行”与原文不符；根据第二段中的“The population goes through three to five generations before reaching its destination. (该种群需要经历三到五代才能抵达目的地)”可知，C项“帝王蝶一代就能完成往返迁徙”与原文不符。故选D项。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据Multigenerational relay部分中的“Each year, millions of monarch butterflies leave Canada and fly south to Mexico, where they gather to survive the winter. When spring arrives, the monarchs start their return journey north. (每年，数百万只帝王蝶离开加拿大，向南飞往墨西哥，在那里聚集越冬。春天来临时，帝王蝶开始向北返回的旅程)”、The Great Migration部分中的“During the dry season, this giant herd (兽群) migrates in search of fresh grass and water. (在旱季，这支庞大的兽群为了寻找新鲜的草地和水源而迁徙)”以及Whales on the move部分中的“These giants spend their summers at feeding grounds in cold, nutrient-rich waters that support plenty of small fish. In winter, they migrate to warmer waters to raise their young whales and avoid predation (捕食) by killer whales. (这些巨兽夏季在寒冷、营养丰富的水域觅食，那里有大量小鱼。冬季，它们迁徙到温暖的水域养育幼鲸，躲避虎鲸的捕食)”可知，三种动物的迁徙均与季节变化（冬季、旱季、夏季）密切相关。故选B项。 (C) In some Western parts, children of healthy weight have long become the exception. Now even in poor countries, childhood obesity (肥胖) is spreading faster than ever before. The problem is not new: the percentage of overweight children around the world went up in the 1980s, as junk food became a dietary staple. But the trend today is alarming. A report by UNICEF found that the number of school-aged children who are obese is, for the first time, higher than those who do not get enough food to stay healthy. In Niue and the Cook Islands, nearly 40% of 5 — 19-year-olds are obese — the highest rates in the world. The south Pacific also has some of the worst adult obesity rates, fueled by shifting diets and a culture that prizes size. America ranks in the top 20 countries for childhood obesity, with a rate of 20%. In Europe, Hungary leads with 15%. Poor countries are particularly ill-equipped to tackle this issue. Health systems there were built to fight hunger not obesity. Many babies are born underweight because of poor diets when their mothers are expecting them. That alters their metabolism (新陈代谢) and makes rapid weight gain and other long-term health problems more likely in adulthood. In South America and parts of Africa and the Middle East, the share of overweight children is already higher than in western Europe and is nearing the 45% seen in North America. The reason is simple: cheap, heavily processed foods are dominating children’s diets worldwide, crowding out fresh fruits, vegetables and proteins. A UNICEF survey of 20 low- and middle-income countries found that more than half of babies aged 6 — 23 months in 13 countries had consumed sweet drinks or sugary foods the previous day. Even in Britain many ready-to-eat baby foods marketed as healthy are far from it. In countries with lax regulation, the meals are worse. A study of hundreds of baby foods sold in seven South-East Asian countries found that half were ultra-processed. A third contained additives that are not permitted under the Codex Alimentarius, the UN’s food-standards code. But changing diets is hard. Ultra-processed foods are about 50% cheaper than fresh or minimally processed foods, according to the UN’s report on food systems. A global survey of school meals in 2024 found that 25% of schools served processed meats, 21% served sweets, 19% served deep-fried food and 14% provided sugar-sweetened drinks. Stronger rules that restrict the advertising and sales of unhealthy foods could help. So could financial aid to make good food cheaper. What children eat early shapes their tastes for life. Adult diets are habits fixed in childhood. Once formed, those tastes are hard to shift. 45. The author cites the specific obesity rates of Niue and the Cook Islands, America, and Hungary in Paragraph 2 primarily ________. A. to argue that European policies are the most effective B. to show the problem is global, affecting diverse regions C. to rank the economic development levels of these places D. to suggest the issue is most severe in Pacific Island nations 46. Which of the following is a major concern regarding childhood obesity in poor countries according to the passage? A. Parents are not aware of the risks of obesity at all. B. Children refuse to eat any fresh fruits or vegetables. C. There is a complete lack of regulations on food advertising. D. Health systems are not designed to deal with such problems. 47. The underlined word “lax” in Paragraph 4 probably means ________. A. strict B. effective C. loose D. detailed 48. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To criticize the food industry for promoting unhealthy foods. B. To recommend specific lifestyle programs for obese children. C. To analyze the global trend and challenges of childhood obesity. D. To compare obesity rates between developed and poor countries. 【答案】45. B 46. D 47. C 48. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章揭示了儿童肥胖的全球化趋势，指出贫困国家因卫生系统缺陷和加工食品泛滥而面临严峻挑战，并呼吁加强监管与健康饮食推广。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“In Niue and the Cook Islands, nearly 40% of 5 — 19-year-olds are obese — the highest rates in the world. The south Pacific also has some of the worst adult obesity rates, fueled by shifting diets and a culture that prizes size. America ranks in the top 20 countries for childhood obesity, with a rate of 20%. In Europe, Hungary leads with 15%. (在纽埃和库克群岛，近40%的5至19岁青少年肥胖，这是世界上肥胖率最高的国家。南太平洋地区的成年人肥胖率也是最高的，这是由于饮食习惯的改变和崇尚体型的文化造成的。美国儿童肥胖率为20%，排在前20位。在欧洲，匈牙利以15%领先。)”可知，作者列举了纽埃和库克群岛、美国和匈牙利惊人的儿童肥胖率数据，以表明肥胖问题是全球性的，影响不同地区。故选B项。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Poor countries are particularly ill-equipped to tackle this issue. Health systems there were built to fight hunger not obesity. (贫穷国家在解决这一问题上的能力尤其不足。那里的卫生系统是为了对抗饥饿而不是肥胖而建立的。)”可知，贫穷国家的主要问题是卫生系统并非针对肥胖问题设计。故选D项。 【47题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线词的下文“A study of hundreds of baby foods sold in seven South-East Asian countries found that half were ultra-processed. A third contained additives that are not permitted under the Codex Alimentarius, the UN’s food-standards code. (一项对七个东南亚国家销售的数百种婴儿食品的研究发现，其中一半是超加工食品。三分之一含有联合国食品标准法典不允许的添加剂。)”可知，这些国家的婴儿食品有一半是不健康的，且三分之一含违规的添加剂，这表明食品监管不够严格，画线词所在句意思是“在监管宽松的国家，膳食更糟糕”，画线词意思与loose“宽松的”接近。故选C项。 【48题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“In some Western parts, children of healthy weight have long become the exception. Now even in poor countries, childhood obesity (肥胖) is spreading faster than ever before. (在西方一些地区，保持健康体重的孩子早已成为例外。现在，即使在贫穷国家，儿童肥胖的蔓延速度也比以往任何时候都要快。)”可知，文章首段指出全球儿童肥胖趋势，后文从加工食品、贫穷国家困境等分析原因，最后提出应对的方法。由此推知，文章旨在分析儿童肥胖的全球趋势与挑战。故选C项。 Section C (8分) Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. How to Reduce Screen Time and Focus on Studying In today’s digital age, where screens dominate both education and entertainment, managing screen time has become an essential skill for students. While we can’t avoid using devices completely, learning to manage our screen time can lead to better focus, improved health, and greater academic achievements. A good way to start is by using the screen time tracker already on your phone or computer. ____49____ It can encourage you to transition to offline activities once your time is up. To further minimize distractions, keeping your phone away when you’re studying also helps. Try making your desk or bedroom a phone-free area. Studies show that just seeing your phone can make it harder to concentrate, so putting it in another room while you study is a smart move. For those needing extra motivation, focus apps offer a creative solution. These tools, like Forest, gamify the process of staying offline. For example, you grow a virtual tree that stays alive only if you don’t use your phone. You can also try studying in short blocks, like 25 minutes at a time with 5-minute breaks in between. ____50____ It is called the Pomodoro Technique, a structured method for developing deep work habits, managing energy, and defeating digital distractions. ____51____ Writing by hand has been shown to help you remember things better than typing. Additionally, you might also want to set aside time each day to study without any screens at all. Even one hour can make a difference. Remember, the goal isn’t to stop using technology completely. ____52____ By trying these simple ideas, you can take back your time, focus better on your work, and feel more in control of your day. A. Setting daily limits for distracting apps creates a clear boundary. B. It also helps you become more aware of where your time is going. C. Turning off messages during this session can further reduce temptation. D. It’s about finding a good balance so that screens don’t control your life. E. Beyond digital tools, embracing physical study materials provides substantial benefits. F. This method helps your brain stay fresh and makes it easier to remember what you’re learning. 【答案】49. A 50. F 51. E 52. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕“如何减少屏幕时间、专注学习”这一主题，介绍了使用屏幕时间追踪器、远离手机、借助专注类应用、运用番茄工作法、使用纸质学习材料等实用方法，旨在帮助学生平衡电子产品使用与学习，提升专注力和学习效率。 【49题详解】 根据前文“A good way to start is by using the screen time tracker already on your phone or computer.(一个好的开始方法是使用手机或电脑上已有的屏幕时间追踪器)”可知，空格处需要承接这一内容，说明使用该工具的作用。A选项“Setting daily limits for distracting apps creates a clear boundary.(给容易分心的应用设置每日限额，能划出清晰的边界)” 符合语境，承接了上文的使用追踪功能，给出追踪功能的具体用法。空后“It can encourage you to transition to offline activities once your time is up(一旦时间用完，它会提醒你转去做线下活动)”里的代词It正好指代选项A里的“设置每日限额”这件事，逻辑通顺。故选A项。 【50题详解】 根据前文“You can also try studying in short blocks, like 25 minutes at a time with 5-minute breaks in between.(你也可以尝试短时段学习，比如每次学25分钟，中间休息5分钟)”可知，选项应承接上文说明这种方法的作用。F选项“This method helps your brain stay fresh and makes it easier to remember what you’re learning.(这种方法能让你的大脑保持清醒，也能让你更容易记住所学内容)”中的This method指代前文的短时段学习法，既承接了上文，又为下文介绍番茄工作法的优势做了铺垫，符合语境。故选F项。 【51题详解】 根据后文“Writing by hand has been shown to help you remember things better than typing. Additionally, you might also want to set aside time each day to study without any screens at all.(事实证明，手写比打字更能帮助你记住内容。此外，你或许还可以每天留出一段时间，完全不使用任何屏幕来学习)”可知，本段介绍的是脱离电子设备、使用纸质材料学习的好处。E选项“Beyond digital tools, embracing physical study materials provides substantial benefits.(除了数字工具之外，使用实体学习材料也能带来诸多好处)”能够总领全段，引出下文的具体内容，符合语境。故选E项。 【52题详解】 根据前文“Remember, the goal isn’t to stop using technology completely.(要记住，我们的目标并不是完全停止使用科技)”可知，空格处需要承接这一观点，说明真正的目标是什么。D选项“It’s about finding a good balance so that screens don’t control your life. (而是找到一个恰当的平衡点，让屏幕不会掌控你的生活)”与前文形成转折，点明了减少屏幕时间的核心目的，且与后文“By trying these simple ideas, you can take back your time, focus better on your work, and feel more in control of your day.(通过尝试这些简单的方法，你可以重新掌控自己的时间，更专注于学习，并感觉更好地控制你的一天)”相呼应，符合语境。故选D项。 III. Summary writing (10分) 53. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. The role of music in advertising Music is all around us. It’s an accessible and popular art form which accompanies our daily lives, so advertisers spend much time and money securing the right music for an advertisement in order to boost sales. Research suggests that the specific qualities of music as an art form enhance the science of selling. As one researcher puts it, “Music is the catalyst (催化剂) of advertising. It expands pictures and colors words, and often adds a form of energy available through no other source.” Take the visually simple but interesting advertisement for an airline in France, with the soundtrack of Mozart’s Piano Concerto No. 23, for example. It projects greatness and elegance in the hope that viewers will associate those qualities with the airline. My research, which looked at hundreds of viewer comments about the music used in advertising, suggested it was successful. Music is also effective at arousing feelings of nostalgia (怀旧之情). The extent to which music arouses emotional memories in advertisements creates associations with consumers’ past experiences. A good choice of music allows businesses to tap into this nostalgia for commercial benefit. However, the use of popular music in advertising can also develop arguments around the tension between artistic effort and commercialism. Some people believe a work of art shouldn’t be used for the pursuit of profit. The findings of my study showed that consumers sometimes passionately oppose the use of music produced by respected musicians in advertisements, as they believe that doing this destroys its pure artistic value. For example, the use of the Beatles’ song Revolution by one shoe brand was seen by some as using John Lennon’s song word to sell shoes. It made some of its wearers so angry that they refused to buy the products. So advertisers need to be careful. While the right choice of music can attract customers, the wrong choice can create opposition. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Advertisers use music in advertisements to boost sales. For one thing, music can create brand associations, projecting the quality of the product. For another, music taps into nostalgia, boosting commercial appeal. However, using cherished songs can cause opposition, as some perceive it as commercial exploitation, harming artistic integrity. Therefore, advertisers must carefully select music to attract customers. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章分析了广告商利用音乐增强品牌形象并唤起消费者怀旧情感，但过度商业化可能引发艺术价值受损的争议，因此需权衡音乐选择以吸引顾客。 【详解】1. 要点摘录 ①It’s an accessible and popular art form which accompanies our daily lives, so advertisers spend much time and money securing the right music for an advertisement in order to boost sales. ②It projects greatness and elegance in the hope that viewers will associate those qualities with the airline. ③Music is also effective at arousing feelings of nostalgia (怀旧之情). ④A good choice of music allows businesses to tap into this nostalgia for commercial benefit. ⑤However, the use of popular music in advertising can also develop arguments around the tension between artistic effort and commercialism. ⑥The findings of my study showed that consumers sometimes passionately oppose the use of music produced by respected musicians in advertisements, as they believe that doing this destroys its pure artistic value. ⑦So advertisers need to be careful. ⑧While the right choice of music can attract customers, the wrong choice can create opposition. 2. 缜密构思 将第1个要点进行缩略，点明音乐在广告中的作用；将第2个要点进行提炼，说明音乐创造品牌联想；将第3、4两个要点进行整合，说明音乐唤起怀旧情感；将第5、6两个要点进行整合，补充商用音乐的风险及其原因；将第5、6两个要点进行重组，给出谨慎选择音乐的结论。 3. 遣词造句 Advertisers use music to enhance brand image and evoke nostalgia, boosting appeal. However, commercializing revered songs may trigger backlash for exploiting art. Thus, balancing commercial goals with artistic integrity is crucial to avoid alienating consumers. 【点睛】[高分句型1] For another, music taps into nostalgia, boosting commercial appeal. (运用了现在分词boosting…作状语) [高分句型2] However, using cherished songs can cause opposition, as some perceive it as commercial exploitation, harming artistic integrity. (运用了动名词using…作主语、as引导原因状语从句、现在分词harming…作状语) IV. Translation (15分) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 54. 每当他高兴的时候，就会手舞足蹈。(whenever) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Whenever he feels happy, he can’t help waving his hands and jumping for joy./He waves his hands and dances with excitement whenever he’s in a good mood. 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句、动词短语、形容词和介词短语。句子是描述通常性的行为，时态宜用一般现在时，整个句子可处理为主从复合句，“每当他高兴的时候”可用whenever“每当……的时候”引导时间状语从句，“（他）就会手舞足蹈”为主句；从句主语“他”用代词he，“高兴”可用系动词feel和形容词happy，或系动词is和介词短语in a good mood，构成系表结构；主句隐含的主语“他”用代词he，“会手舞足蹈”可理解为“情不自禁地手舞足蹈”，“情不自禁做某事”可用动词短语can’t help doing，“手舞足蹈”可用动词短语wave his hands and jump for joy，或直接用动词短语wave his hands and dance with excitement表达。故可译为：Whenever he feels happy, he can’t help waving his hands and jumping for joy./He waves his hands and dances with excitement whenever he’s in a good mood. 55. 如果这些数据站得住脚，它将帮助我们认清正在调查的问题。(light) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】If these data hold up, it will help us throw light on the problem we are investigating. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和从句。“如果”表达为if，引导条件状语从句 ；“这些数据”是these data，“站得住脚”表达为hold up，条件状语从句用一般现在时表将来 。“帮助某人做某事”是help sb. do sth；“认清，阐明”表达为throw light on；“正在调查的”用定语从句we are investigating修饰the problem ，主句用一般将来时。故译为If these data hold up, it will help us throw light on the problem we are investigating. 56. 劳动实践不仅能让我们体会劳动价值，还能培养工匠精神，从而助力个人长远发展。(not only) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Labor practice not only helps us understand the value of work but also develops craftsman’s spirit, supporting our long-term personal growth. 【解析】 【详解】考查名词（短语）、动词（短语）、形容词和非谓语动词。句子在介绍通常的情况，时态宜用一般现在时；主语“劳动实践”可用名词短语labor practice，“不仅……而且……”可用表示并列的连词短语not only… but also…，“能让我们体会劳动价值”可理解为“帮助我们体会劳动价值”，“帮助某人做某事”可用动词短语help sb. do，“我们”用代词us，“体会”可用动词understand，“劳动价值”可用名词短语the value of work，“培养”可用动词develop，“工匠精神”可用名词短语craftsman’s spirit，“从而助力个人长远发展”是随谓语行为自然发生的结果，可用现在分词作结果状语，“助力”可用动词support，“个人长远发展”可用名词短语our long-term personal growth。故可译为：Labor practice not only helps us understand the value of work but also develops craftsman’s spirit, supporting our long-term personal growth. 57. 人们习惯了通过社交媒体上的视频了解目的地，这类视频能为自主出行提供实用参考，让他们更有信心地奔赴陌生之地。（research）（汉译英） ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】People have become accustomed to researching travel destinations via social media videos, which provide practical insights into their independent travel and help them feel more confident about exploring unfamiliar places. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态、动名词、定语从句和固定搭配。根据句意，该句描述人们因长期使用社交媒体视频了解目的地而形成的一种习惯，所以主句使用现在完成时；主句“人们”为people作主语，位于句首，首字母需大写，表示“习惯了……”为become accustomed to，用于现在完成时，主语为名词复数，所以谓语动词为have become，表示“了解目的地”为research travel destinations，作介词to的宾语，所以使用动名词researching，表示“通过社交媒体上的视频”译为via social media videos作状语，所以主句译为“People have become accustomed to researching travel destinations via social media videos”；后半部分“这类视频能为自主出行提供实用参考，让他们更有信心地奔赴陌生之地”可译为关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句修饰social media videos，描述的是客观事实，所以使用一般现在时，表示“提供”可译为provide，主语which指代的是名词复数，所以谓语动词为provide，表示“为自主出行提供实用参考”可译为为practical insights into their independent travel，其中“insights into...”意为“对……的深入理解或实用信息”，表示“让他们更有信心地奔赴陌生之地”可理解为“帮助他们感觉更有信心探索不熟悉的地方”与“为自主出行提供实用参考”为并列结构，使用and连接，且谓语使用一般现在时，表示“帮助他们”为help them，表示“感觉更有信心”为feel more confident about，结合“help sb. do sth.”为固定结构可知，此处使用省略不定式符号to的不定式结构作宾语补足语，表示“探索不熟悉的地方”为exploring unfamiliar places作宾语，所以从句可译为which provide practical insights into their independent travel and help them feel more confident about exploring unfamiliar places。故翻译为People have become accustomed to researching travel destinations via social media videos, which provide practical insights into their independent travel and help them feel more confident about exploring unfamiliar places. V. Guided writing (25分) 58. Directions: Write an English composition in 120 — 150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 近年来，上海农村在发展中出现了新变化——比如新建了乡村图书馆、引入了特色农业旅游项目。有人觉得这些变化让生活更便利，也有人担心会淡化本土乡村特色。请结合你的观察和生活实际，谈谈你的看法。 1. 简述家乡的1 — 2个具体变化； 2. 谈谈你对此的观点并阐明理由。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: In recent years, Shanghai’s rural regions have undergone striking metamorphoses. A case in point is the replacement of dilapidated village reading nooks with well-equipped libraries stocked with digital archives and hosting regular literary workshops alongside the launch of distinctive agritourism initiatives, such as rice-paddy homestays and hands-on farming experiences. These innovations yield substantial merits: the libraries have enriched locals’ spiritual lives by expanding access to knowledge, while agritourism has invigorated rural economies, generating employment and elevating incomes. Nonetheless, concerns linger that this modernization may erode indigenous rural identities: the once-tranquil pastoral ambiance, for instance, risks being overshadowed by the hustle of tourist crowds. From my perspective, progress and preservation are not mutually exclusive. By infusing agritourism with local cultural essences such as showcasing traditional farming techniques and constructing libraries in harmony with rural architectural aesthetics, we can embrace the conveniences of modernization while safeguarding the unique allure of Shanghai’s countryside. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。题目要求学生结合自身观察和生活实际，谈谈对上海农村出现的新变化的看法，应简述家乡的一些具体变化，再发表个人观点以及背后的理由。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 惊人的：striking→conspicuous, noticeable 产生：yield→generate 大量的：substantial→considerable 展示：showcase→demonstrate, exhibit 2. 句式拓展 升级为无灵主语句 原句：In recent years, Shanghai’s rural regions have undergone striking metamorphoses. 拓展句：Recent years have witnessed striking metamorphoses in Shanghai’s rural regions. 【点睛】[高分句型1] A case in point is the replacement of dilapidated village reading nooks with well-equipped libraries stocked with digital archives and hosting regular literary workshops alongside the launch of distinctive agritourism initiatives, such as rice-paddy homestays and hands-on farming experiences. (运用了过去分词作后置定语、动名词作表语) [高分句型2] Nonetheless concerns linger that this modernization may erode indigenous rural identities: the once-tranquil pastoral ambiance, for instance, risks being overshadowed by the hustle of tourist crowds. (运用了that引导同位语从句、动名词被动式being overshadowed…作宾语) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $