2026届上海市奉贤区高三一模英语卷

2025学年第一学期奉贤区高三英语练习卷 考生注意： 1.考试时间105分钟，试卷满分115分。 2.本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸 上，做在试卷上一律不得分。 3。务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置。 I.Grammar and vocabulary Section A(10分) Directions:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank. Empires in Conversation Despite the thousands of miles separating them and the big differences in their peoples,two rulers in 17th-century Europe and China were nevertheless the driving force behind a grand cultural exchange The two men were the Kangxi Emperor of China's Qing Dynasty and King Louis XIV of France.A symbolic image from the period captured the exchange:European ambassadors () 1 (dress)in the robes of Qing officials,stood beside an armillary sphere in the court of the Kangxi Emperor.The astronomy,mathematics,physics,and chemistry they brought 2(fascinate) the young emperor,who was particularly interested in the heavenly bodies. Through their instruction,Kangxi gained a rich knowledge.On one visit to southern China,he used a spirit level (to measure the water,and found a mistake in 3 his ministers were controlling the water in the Hongze lake. It is natural for many of us 4(marvel)at the Chinese emperor's good knowledge of Western technologies.But Kangxi's interests extended 5 the hard sciences:He tried to organize information about these foreign lands and spread 6 among the public. He asked his third prince,Yinzhi,to establish a museum of mathematics 7 talented scholars would engage in research and observation of mathematical laws and the universe.In court speeches, Kangxi would hold forth on the natural sciences from Europe,8(lecture)young princes about astronomy,calendar systems and arithmetic.Outstanding students 9 (send)to the institution of astronomy or other key departments. 10 the visitors from the West came to the East mainly to spread their culture,upon arriving in that ancient kingdom,they discovered its people already possessed their own well-established understanding of the world.There was the Golden Mean of Confucius,and the unknowable Tao of Lao Tzu.And these left a deep impression on the traveling Europeans. Section B(I0分) Directions:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A.options B.resolved C.pride D.cautious E.sustained F.assigned G.stretch H.functioning I.unseasonably J.aggressive K.anchoring Silent on Lake Superior:McSorley's Last Journey By the day he died,Ernest McSorley had built a reputation as the captain who could weather any storm.He was one of the best sailors on the Great Lakes,where he had been 11 to pilot the Edmund Fitzgerald,the flagship of Columbia Transportation Division.McSorley took12 in his efficiency,and he always delivered his goods on time,navigating skillfully through dangerous waters.The company valued his 13approach of always pushing forward. On November 9,1975,the Fitzgerald set sail from Superior,Wisconsin,carrying around 26,000 tons of iron ore.The temperature was14 warm,an early sign that something was wrong. Angry winter weather was already on its way.At 7 p.m.,the National Weather Service issued a storm warning for Lake Superior,predicting waves up to ten feet tall.McSorley had two 15:He could sail straight across the lake to Whitefish Bay,a familiar 30-hour journey,or take the so-called northern route,a 44-hour passage that hugged the Canadian shore,which would protect the ship right up until the final 16 of the voyage. McSorley had initially 17 to sail the shorter passage.But as conditions worsened,he changed his mind.The captain known for his aggression and efficiency made an uncharacteristically 18 decision,choosing the longer northern route Around 3 p.m.on November 10,Captain Bernie Cooper of the Arthur M.Anderson,a ship traveling nearby,noticed something alarming on his radar screen.Minutes later,the Fitzgerald radioed the Anderson reporting trouble:"I have19 some topside damage,"McSorley said. "I'm checking down.Will you stay by me until I get to Whitefish?"Soon after,McSorley learned that both of the Fitzgerald's radars had stopped 20,and the lighthouse at Whitefish Point had gone dark. Despite his decades of experience,McSorley reported over the radio that he was witnessing one of the worst seas I've ever been in".After that final transmission,the Fitzgerald stopped answering calls from the Anderson and disappeared from the radar. 2 Ⅱ.Reading Comprehension(45分) Section A(15分) Directions:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. On March 17,scientists reported finding the earliest echoes of the Big Bang.The long-sought evidence supports the idea that the universe inflated in a(n)21.A scientific theory,called inflation,held that during the first trillionth of a trillionth of a trillionth of a second after the Big Bang,the universe grew 22 faster than the speed of light.It soon stretched out farther than any telescope can see. Astronomers first introduced the theory of inflation more than 30 years ago.Since then,it has become an important part of the 23 for how the universe began.Inflation helps answer some questions raised by the Big Bang,such as why the universe looks the same in every direction. Inflation probably has 24 everything out.It's just like what happens when blowing up a party balloon. 25,scientists couldn't be sure that inflation happened,for they lacked solid evidence. The new discovery provides the needed evidence,identifying the long-lasting effects of inflation on the 26 light in the universe. Scientists cannot travel back to the Big Bang,an event lost to the deep past of 13.8 billion years. Yet,the universe itself is a time capsule.According to inflation theory,the Big Bang sent waves spreading through the fabric of spacetime,preserving clues that scientists can still 27today. Known as“gravitational waves”,they would__28 squeeze(压缩)and stretch the fabric of space. So their passage should have left a(n)29 on the farthest reaches of the known universe Scientists had sought those characteristic marks.For their search,the scientists used a telescope called BICEP2 at the South Pole.The region's cold,dry and 30 air is perfect for observing deep into space-and back into time.For 50 years,scientists have known that energy in the form of microwave radiation 31 long after the Big Bang.32,the telescope detects tiny particles of light that carry this microwave signal. John Kovac,a Harvard Associate Professor of Astronomy and Physics,led the new search for the Big Bang's echoes.His large team will continue to 33 their data.They want to make sure their results didn't arise from a problem in the telescope or some 34 in their analysis. For now,many scientists are excited by the news.35 of gravitational waves offers new opportunities for scientists to test more ideas about the nature of the universe,thus opening up a whole new window. 21.A.period B.flash C.term D.interval 22. A.upward B.downward C.inward D.outward 23. A.explanation B.reflection C.description D.prediction 24. A.spilt B.smoothed C.cast D.wiped 25 A.Therefore B.Moreover C.However D.Instead 26 A.oldest B.brightest C.purest D.gentlest 27 A.overlook B.project C.decode D.clarify 28 A.relatively B.randomly C.alternately D.instantly 29 A.symbol B.mark C.object D.evidence 30. A.harsh B.thick C.stable D.fresh 31 A.expands B.endures C.emerges D.fades 32. A.For instance B.By contrast C.As a result D.In particular 33. A.go over B.account for C.back up D.refer to 34. A.failures B.errors C.weaknesses D.contradictions 35. A.Approval B.Publication C.Awareness D.Confirmation Section B(22分) Directions:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) It seems obvious that plants cannot count 1-10 on their roots or leaves as we usually do with our fingers,but scientists say certain plants can "count"and even do simple maths.They possess mysterious abilities to keep an eye on the insects nearby and their own food stores. Venus flytraps,for example,are known to shut their leaves rapidly when they sense something moving on them.But they only do this if anything moves twice within about 15-20 seconds.The movements are sensed by fine 'trigger'hairs on the leaves and translated into electrical pulses( )flowing through the plant.When an electrical pulse is triggered twice,the leaves will close immediately. But,as a group of international scientists showed in 2016,insect-eating plants of this kind are able to tally higher than two.They wait until they've sensed at least three electrical pulses before they start producing the chemicals needed to digest their catch,probably to avoid wasting their energy on lucky escapees. Even before this discovery,though,scientists were suggesting that thale cress,a cousin to cabbage that's widely used in plant studies,could perform a process similar to doing division.During the day,thale cresses use sunlight to build up their food stores,which is known as photosynthesis. But to survive the night,they must first determine how much energy they will need.They do this by assessing the energy stored in their leaves and factoring in the length of the night.Based on this calculation,they then manage their food intake at a sustainable rate. Experts argue we shouldn't label these curious counting abilities as"intelligent"or as evidence that plants have some early and underdeveloped form of brain.They're just doing what they need to survive.But it reminds us that even the simplest forms of life can display astonishing complexity and precision. 36.The example of Venus flytraps in Paragraph 2 is given to show that A.plants can count 1-10 on their roots and leaves B.some plants can carry out simple calculations C.plants are able to generate electrical pulses D.certain plants react much faster than insects 37.The underlined word"tally"in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to A.number B.repeat C.divide D.sense 38.We can learn from the passage that A.venus flytraps set timed traps based on how many bugs they sense B.plants do simple maths to kill time other than merely to survive C.thale cress manages its energy use at night through calculation D.plants have now evolved a structure similar to a human brain 39.What might be the best title for the article? A.Plants'amazing sense of time and space B.Plants'smart tricks of capturing bugs C.Plants'brilliant use of sunlight and energy D.Plants'surprising talent for mathematics 5 (B) EDINBURGH Ticket Type Online price Walk-up price CASTLE Adults (aged 16-) 21.50 24.00 Children(aged 7-15) ￡13.00 ￡14.50 Family (2 adults,2 children) 62.00 ￡69.50 1.Visitors access the castle over a wooden-board bridge. 2.Upon entering the castle,there is a set of adapted toilets to your left, and the ticket office to your right- both reached over an uneven cobbled(铺有鹅卵石的)surface. 3.You enter the castle from a steep winding route.It is 15 degrees at its steepest point,the average is five degrees and it is approximately 350m from entering the castle to the top level at Crown Square.It is surfaced with cobbles,which can be uneven. 4. The One o'Clock Gun is on the 5.Hospital Square 6.The route continues up level but cobbled area,next to is reached down the cobbled rise the Redcoat Cafe.The gun a cobbled slope through Foog's Gate. makes a loud and sudden noise of 12 degrees. This is the steepest part when it is fired.The gun is fired of the castle route. every day at 1 p.m.,except Sundays,Good Friday,and Christmas Day. 7. Visitors will then enter 8.The surface around 9. Visitors then exit the castle Crown Square -a St. Margaret's via 70 stone steps with a large, level, paved Chapel and Mons handrail.Staff will be area. Meg is cobbled.The available to guide you back Chapel has a small down through the castle if raised pathway up to a this exit is unsuitable for door 810mm wide. you. 6 40.If you're at St.Margaret's Chapel and want to grab a drink,you can head to your A.northwest B.northeast C.southwest D.southeast 41.What can be inferred from the guidebook? A.Those who book their tickets online can enjoy a small discount. B.Visitors can expect the One o'Clock Gun to be fired all year round. C.Parents with 2 kids(aged 15,10)do not qualify for a Family Ticket D.Tourists can enjoy a completely level route throughout the whole visit. 42.The main purpose of this passage is to A.promote the castle's cafes and souvenir shops B.tell the dramatic story of the castle's past battles C.offer the overview of the castle's physical layout D.describe the historical significance of the castle (C On 27 September 1825,Robert Stephenson and Co's Locomotion No.I arrived in Stockton, England.As the first rail vehicle to carry passengers,it was greeted with a seven-gun salute and an astonished crowd."It was found to be quite impossible to contain the enthusiasm of the crowd," reported a journalist. This weekend the celebrations are likely to be slightly less wild,as the 200th anniversary of the pionecring Stockton and Darlington railway line(S&DR)is marked.But they will undoubtedly be heartfelt.Areplica()of the pioneering engine is to recreate the original journey,with viewing tickets sold out along the route and a big screen following its progress in the town centre.A set of stamps in memory of the event is being issued,which feels appropriately old school. The businessmen who invested in the S&DR back in the 19th century were motivated by the functional benefits of transporting coal more efficiently.But their project eventually unlocked far wider human possibilities,transforming the sense of distance and changing the way the nation lived. Trains carried Victorian working-class families to the seaside and back,and reunited lovers on windswept platforms.Crowded 20th-century passenger trains ran regularly between satellite towns and cities.A railway station became part of the identity of a place,as well as a point of departure from it. These days the railways are journeying with difficulty towards a new era.The short-sighted railway cuts of the 1960s,and the needless,failed privatisation (of the 1990s,were avoidable political errors whose legacy is still felt today.Extremely high ticket prices and long-term mismanagement in the north,where the story began,harm the contemporary network. As the government gradually takes more train operators back under public ownership,a much-needed strategic reset is required.The rail industry should become a key force of green sustainable growth.Sadly,plans for high-speed rail in northern England are to be delayed again.This does not inspire confidence. For train lovers though,this weekend is about the past not the future.Locomotion No.I launched a journey that meant far more than travelling from A to B.From E Nesbit's description of a rural childhood to WH Auden's poem,the trip has left a lasting mark on our literature.Carnforth in Lancashire still celebrates its station's role in the cinema classic Brief Encounter,where a tragic romance is brought to a close by a guard's whistle,and the rhythmic sound of wheels beginning to move on track. 43.According to the passage,Locomotion No.I referred to A.a project founded by businessmen in the Victorian era B.a replica built to celebrate the railway's 200th anniversary C.a machine dedicated to carrying coal out more efficiently D.a vehicle marking the beginning of passenger transport by rail 44.It can be inferred from the passage that the rail development A.holds cultural significance beyond being a means of transportation B.has undergone a successful transition to meet modern-day demands C.is focusing on the construction and expansion of high-speed rail networks D.has suffered a decline due to the rise of more sustainable transport modes 45.The underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 most probably means A.decisions intended for reforms have led to long-lasting damage B.increases in ticket price were meant for a potential service upgrade C.railway cuts in the 1960s once thought short-sighted prove necessary D.political errors in the past have ended the railway network for good 46.What's the author's attitude towards the changes in the railway over the past two centuries? A.disappointed but optimistic B.hateful and critical C.respectful yet regretful D.confident and admiring Section C(8分) Directions:Read the passage carefully.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A.The Mercator map,a 16th-century navigation tool,misrepresents the world's continents. B. Besides,the Mercator maps can greatly influence people's sense of cultural identity. C. Similarly,it still serves as the main world map on many digital platforms and mobile apps. D.However,changing classroom materials alone won't fully address public misconceptions. E. It encourages the use of the 2018 Equal Earth projection to show countries'sizes correctly. F. Experts argue modern mapping tools have made traditional world projections less important. African Union urges adoption of world map showing continent's true size The African Union has supported a campaign to stop using the Mercator world map.The "Correct The Map"initiative urges governments and international organizations to use maps that show the true size of Africa. 47. It makes areas near the poles,such as North America and Europe,appear larger, while reducing lands near the equator like Africa.And it creates a false idea of Africa as less important,even though it is the world's second-largest continent in both area and population.This incorrect view helps continue stereotypes()that affect international media,education,and policy. Although criticism of the Mercator map is not new,the campaign has brought back the debate. 48. This correction is vital because,as Moky Makura of Africa No Filter explains,Africa has long been presented in a misleading way on world maps. Nevertheless,the Mercator map remains widely used in schools and across the tech industry. This widespread use is obvious in its status as the standard map for countless educational resources. 49. 50. Seeing Africa shown smaller on world maps hurts people's pride and harms children's self-image."We are working to make the Equal Earth projection the main map used in classrooms across Africa,"said Fara Ndiaye,co-founder of Speak Up Africa.In support of this educational effort,the African Union will encourage wider use of correct maps among its member states. Ⅱ.Summary Writing(I0分) 51.Directions:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more than 60 words.Use your own words as far as possible What is AI's Role in Art Creation? As artificial intelligence advances across creative fields,a question emerges:Do people want AI to become an artist or simply a tool for artistic creation?Evidence suggests that while the public is increasingly familiar with AI systems,they would prefer to see AI supporting human creativity rather than replacing it. A key reason lies in the human dimension of art.When people picture their favorite works,say, Van Gogh's The Starry Night,what they value is not merely technical delivery but the emotional depth tied to human experience.In a recent survey,over 60 percent said they would value their favorite artwork less if told it was AI-produced.Their responses highlight a shared belief:People seek the imaginative struggles and personal histories behind creative works,a quality machines cannot genuinely copy. Concerns about originality and copyright strengthen this resistance.Respondents criticized AI outputs as unoriginal,seeing them as mere reflections of models trained on vast quantities of human-created materials.The possibility of unauthorized data use and unclear artistic ownership fuels distrust.These worries reveal why people hesitate to view Al-generated materials-especially films-as real art:It lacks clear authorship and true creative intention. Yet attitudes shift when AI assists rather than replaces human artists.Forty-two percent of participants regarded users of AI as artists who provided clear creative direction-a sign of openness to human-AI collaboration.This perspective points to a real obstacle in today's creative world:Many individuals with ideas lack the resources or skills to realize them.In such cases,AI can serve as an enabling tool,lowering costs and expanding access to creative expression. Ultimately,people value art as a human-centered means of connection.While AI can broaden artistic possibilities,it's best used as a tool that supports and enriches human vision. V.Translation(5分) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets. 52.校门口，妈妈往她包里塞了一副手套和一条羊毛围巾。(pack) 53.这款基于中国古典小说的游戏让许多外国玩家感受到了东方魅力。(expose) 54.这位工程师将心血倾注于芯片研发，不断攻坚克难，赢得了“时代楷模”的美名。(invest) 55.在失重的环境中，吃饭喝水皆非易事，但中国人对吃的挚爱让我们的宇航员在空间站里成 功吃上了烧烤盛宴。(so..that..) V.Guided Writing (25) Directions:Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 56.今年，部分学校将试行中小学“春秋假”，即缩减原本的寒暑假期，并在每年春季和秋季两 个学期为学生增设相应的短假期。假设你是明启中学的李明，你校正针对这一方案向全体师生 征集意见与建议，请你给学生会写一封邮件表达你的看法和建议。内容须包括： 1.你是否支持设立春秋假 2.你的理由