内容正文:
(
2026
年
中考
英语必背高频
短语
D
ay 2
)
【短语速记】
away 短语
1
far away
遥远的
2
give away
赠送;捐赠
3
put away
收拾好;放好
4
take away
拿走;带走
5
throw away
扔掉;丢弃
6
wash away
冲走;冲掉
down 短语
7
break down
出故障;坏掉
8
count down
倒计时
9
cut down
砍倒;削减
10
go down
下降;下去
11
let...down
使…… 失望
12
pull down
拆毁;拉倒
13
shut down
关闭;停业
14
slow down
减速;慢下来
15
turn down
调小;拒绝
16
write down
写下;记下
【中英例句】
1. far away(遥远的)
My grandparents live far away from our city.我的祖父母住得离我们的城市很远。
2. give away(赠送;捐赠)
She decided to give away her old books to the children in the village.她决定把旧书赠送给村里的孩子们。
3. put away(收拾好;放好)
You should put away your toys after playing with them.玩完玩具后,你应该把它们收拾好。
4. take away(拿走;带走)
Can you take away these empty boxes for me?你能帮我把这些空盒子拿走吗?
5. throw away(扔掉;丢弃)
Don’t throw away the plastic bottles; we can recycle them.别扔掉塑料瓶,我们可以回收利用它们。
6. wash away(冲走;冲掉)
The heavy rain washed away the small bridge in the village.大雨冲走了村里的小桥。
7. break down(出故障;坏掉)
Our car broke down on the way to the countryside.我们的车在去乡下的路上出故障了。
8. count down(倒计时)
We counted down the days before the summer holiday.我们倒数着暑假到来的日子。
9. cut down(砍倒;削减)
People shouldn’t cut down too many trees.人们不应该砍伐太多树木。
10. go down(下降;下去)
The temperature will go down tomorrow, so wear more clothes.明天气温会下降,所以多穿点衣服。
11. let...down(使…… 失望)
I don’t want to let my parents down, so I study hard.我不想让父母失望,所以努力学习。
12. pull down(拆毁;拉倒)
Workers will pull down the old building next month.工人们下个月会拆毁这座旧楼。
13. shut down(关闭;停业)
The small shop shut down because of the low business.这家小店因为生意冷清而停业了。
14. slow down(减速;慢下来)
Slow down when you drive near the school.在学校附近开车时要减速。
15. turn down(调小;拒绝)
Could you turn down the TV? I’m doing my homework.你能把电视声音调小一点吗?我正在写作业。
16. write down(写下;记下)
Please write down your names on the paper.请把你们的名字写在纸上。
【默写清单】
序号
中文
英文
重默
1
遥远的
2
赠送;捐赠
3
收拾好;放好
4
拿走;带走
5
扔掉;丢弃
6
冲走;冲掉
7
出故障;坏掉
8
倒计时
9
砍倒;削减
10
下降;下去
11
使…… 失望
12
拆毁;拉倒
13
关闭;停业
14
减速;慢下来
15
调小;拒绝
16
写下;记下
【过关小测】
(满分:50分;时间:30分钟)
一、单项选择(每小题1分,共20分)
1.— Jane, have you seen my umbrella? I can’t find it anywhere.
— Oh. I saw Linda ________ it ________ just now.
A.take; away B.wash, away C.give; away
2.If she works ________, she will miss her family.
A.far away from B.far from C.away from D.far away
3.The city centre is 10 miles ________ the train station, but I don’t live ________.
A.far away; far away B.far from; far away C.away from; away from D.from; far away
4.It’s important to ________ your plans in a notebook so you won’t forget them.
A.write down B.point out C.hold up D.put up
5.Many rich lands have changed into deserts, because farmers have ________ many trees in order to grow crops.
A.turned down B.cut down C.broken down
6.Lily plans to ________ her books to the poor children.
A.give away B.run away C.put away D.look away
7.Would you ________ a bit, please? I can’t catch up with you.
A.get off B.hurry up C.run away D.slow down
8.Susan ________ her friends’ invitation because of an important event.
A.took down B.turned down C.fell down D.wrote down
9.—________ your school uniform and ________ your school things.
—All right. I will do it right now.
A.Put down; put on B.Put on; put away C.Put up; put away
10.Those are your toys. ________, please.
A.Put it away B.Put them away C.Put away them
11.Don’t _______ rubbish everywhere. It’s everyone’s duty to protect the environment.
A.put away B.take away C.throw away D.give away
12.I had to walk to school because the bus ________ on the way this morning.
A.broke up B.broke down C.broke out D.broke in
13.—Ben, hurry up! It’s getting dark.
—I’m taking some photos of the sun. It will ________ soon.
A.wake up B.come out C.go down
14.—Would you mind ________ the music? The baby is sleeping.
—Of course not.
A.turning down B.turn down C.to turn down D.turned down
15.Trees can stop the water ______ the earth ______.
A.washing, away B.blow, away C.to wash, away
16.The children began to ________ the days to the Spring Festival in January.
A.cut up B.take off C.put away D.count down
17.To fight against global warming, many countries are trying to ________ new energy sources and ________ the use of fossil fuels(化石燃料)which is harmful.
A.take up; cut down B.take on; cut out
C.take in; cut off D.take over; cut back
18.Mona tries her best to study hard in order not to ______ her parents ______.
A.keep, down B.cut ,down C.put, down D.let, down
19.The cinema she used to visit has been _________ to build a new one.
A.got down B.put down C.pulled down D.walked down
20.—I can’t remember the names of so many birds.
—________ in your notebook?
A.Why not write down them B.Why not write them down
C.Why not to write down them D.Why not to write them down
二、完成句子(每小题2分,共30分)
21.这个有钱人捐了很多钱修建学校。
The rich man a lot of money to build schools.
22.Don’t the food the table.
不要把食物从桌子上拿走。
23.昨天我儿子清理掉了一些旧玩具。
My son some old toys yesterday.
24.昨晚的暴雨引发了洪水,冲垮了村里的几座小木桥。
The heavy rain last night caused floods that several small wooden bridges in the village.
25.黄灯时你应该减速。
You should at a yellow light.
26.不要担心我的学习,我不会让你失望的。(完成译句)
Don’t worry about my study. I won’t you .
27.她甚至用心地记下了所有宝贵的建议。
She even all the valuable suggestions carefully.
28.我希望下周汽油价格能降下来。
I hope gas prices will next week.
29.我妈妈拒绝了去参加晚会的邀请,因为她没有时间。
My mother the invitation to the party, because she was not available.
30.电脑刚刚出故障了。我需要请人修理一下。
The computer just now. I need to have it repaired.
31.他们正在倒数着日子,等待暑假的到来。
They are the days and waiting for the coming of the summer holidays.
32.巨人把墙推倒,并把花园交给了孩子们。
The Giant the wall and gives the garden to the children.
33.那家公司去年关闭其海外办事处。
The company its overseas office last year.
34.政府应该阻止人们砍伐大量的树。
The government ought to prevent people from many trees.
35.为了不打扰父亲, 丽莎把电视声音关小了。
Lisa the TV in order not to disturb her father.
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$
(
2026
年
中考
英语必背高频
短语
D
ay 2
)
【短语速记】
away 短语
1
far away
遥远的
2
give away
赠送;捐赠
3
put away
收拾好;放好
4
take away
拿走;带走
5
throw away
扔掉;丢弃
6
wash away
冲走;冲掉
down 短语
7
break down
出故障;坏掉
8
count down
倒计时
9
cut down
砍倒;削减
10
go down
下降;下去
11
let...down
使…… 失望
12
pull down
拆毁;拉倒
13
shut down
关闭;停业
14
slow down
减速;慢下来
15
turn down
调小;拒绝
16
write down
写下;记下
【中英例句】
1. far away(遥远的)
My grandparents live far away from our city.我的祖父母住得离我们的城市很远。
2. give away(赠送;捐赠)
She decided to give away her old books to the children in the village.她决定把旧书赠送给村里的孩子们。
3. put away(收拾好;放好)
You should put away your toys after playing with them.玩完玩具后,你应该把它们收拾好。
4. take away(拿走;带走)
Can you take away these empty boxes for me?你能帮我把这些空盒子拿走吗?
5. throw away(扔掉;丢弃)
Don’t throw away the plastic bottles; we can recycle them.别扔掉塑料瓶,我们可以回收利用它们。
6. wash away(冲走;冲掉)
The heavy rain washed away the small bridge in the village.大雨冲走了村里的小桥。
7. break down(出故障;坏掉)
Our car broke down on the way to the countryside.我们的车在去乡下的路上出故障了。
8. count down(倒计时)
We counted down the days before the summer holiday.我们倒数着暑假到来的日子。
9. cut down(砍倒;削减)
People shouldn’t cut down too many trees.人们不应该砍伐太多树木。
10. go down(下降;下去)
The temperature will go down tomorrow, so wear more clothes.明天气温会下降,所以多穿点衣服。
11. let...down(使…… 失望)
I don’t want to let my parents down, so I study hard.我不想让父母失望,所以努力学习。
12. pull down(拆毁;拉倒)
Workers will pull down the old building next month.工人们下个月会拆毁这座旧楼。
13. shut down(关闭;停业)
The small shop shut down because of the low business.这家小店因为生意冷清而停业了。
14. slow down(减速;慢下来)
Slow down when you drive near the school.在学校附近开车时要减速。
15. turn down(调小;拒绝)
Could you turn down the TV? I’m doing my homework.你能把电视声音调小一点吗?我正在写作业。
16. write down(写下;记下)
Please write down your names on the paper.请把你们的名字写在纸上。
【默写清单】
序号
中文
英文
重默
1
遥远的
2
赠送;捐赠
3
收拾好;放好
4
拿走;带走
5
扔掉;丢弃
6
冲走;冲掉
7
出故障;坏掉
8
倒计时
9
砍倒;削减
10
下降;下去
11
使…… 失望
12
拆毁;拉倒
13
关闭;停业
14
减速;慢下来
15
调小;拒绝
16
写下;记下
【过关小测】
(满分:50分;时间:30分钟)
一、单项选择(每小题1分,共20分)
1.— Jane, have you seen my umbrella? I can’t find it anywhere.
— Oh. I saw Linda ________ it ________ just now.
A.take; away B.wash, away C.give; away
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——Jane,你看到我的雨伞了吗?我到处找不到。——哦,我看到Linda刚才把它拿走了。
考查动词短语辨析。take away带走;wash away洗掉;give away赠送。根据语境,雨伞不见了,应是被带走,故选A。
2.If she works ________, she will miss her family.
A.far away from B.far from C.away from D.far away
【答案】D
【详解】句意:如果她在很远的地方工作,她会想念家人的。
考查副词短语。far away from远离,后面需加宾语;far from离……远,后面加宾语;away from离开,后面加宾语;far away在远处,可独立修饰副词。根据“If she works..., she will miss her family.”可知,说的是如果在远处工作,会想念家人,空处修饰动词work,后面没有宾语。故选D。
3.The city centre is 10 miles ________ the train station, but I don’t live ________.
A.far away; far away B.far from; far away C.away from; away from D.from; far away
【答案】D
【详解】句意:市中心距离火车站有10英里,但我住得并不远。
考查介词以及副词短语。far away在远处;far from远离;away from远离,相距;from(两地的距离)离。根据“The city centre is 10 miles...the train station,”可知,空前是具体距离“10 miles”,而far不与具体距离连用,因此排除选项A和B;live away from...“远离……居住”,live far away“住得远”,第二空后无内容,因此第二空应是far away。故选D。
4.It’s important to ________ your plans in a notebook so you won’t forget them.
A.write down B.point out C.hold up D.put up
【答案】A
【详解】句意:把计划写在笔记本上是很重要的,这样你就不会忘记它们了。
考查动词短语辨析。write down写下;point out指出;hold up举起;put up张贴。根据“your plans in a notebook so you won’t forget them.”可知,写在笔记本上就不会忘记,故选A。
5.Many rich lands have changed into deserts, because farmers have ________ many trees in order to grow crops.
A.turned down B.cut down C.broken down
【答案】B
【详解】句意:许多富饶的土地变成了沙漠,因为农民为了种植庄稼砍伐了许多树木。
考查动词短语。turned down拒绝,调低;cut down砍伐;broken down损坏,分解。根据“Many rich lands have changed into deserts”可知,农民为种植庄稼而砍树导致土地沙漠化。故选B。
6.Lily plans to ________ her books to the poor children.
A.give away B.run away C.put away D.look away
【答案】A
【详解】句意:Lily计划把她的书捐给贫困儿童。
考查动词短语。give away捐赠;run away逃跑;put away把……收起来;look away移开目光。根据“her books to the poor children”可知,是把书捐给贫困儿童。故选A。
7.Would you ________ a bit, please? I can’t catch up with you.
A.get off B.hurry up C.run away D.slow down
【答案】D
【详解】句意:请你慢一点好吗?我跟不上你了。
考查动词短语。get off下车;hurry up赶快;run away逃跑;slow down减速。根据“I can’t catch up with you.”可知,此处是希望对方速度慢一点,让自己能跟上,所以应该用slow down。故选D。
8.Susan ________ her friends’ invitation because of an important event.
A.took down B.turned down C.fell down D.wrote down
【答案】B
【详解】句意:Susan因为一个重要活动拒绝了朋友的邀请。
考查动词短语。took down记下;turned down拒绝;fell down跌倒;wrote down写下。根据“her friends’ invitation because of an important event.”可知,是指因为有一个重要活动而拒绝了朋友的邀请。故选B。
9.—________ your school uniform and ________ your school things.
—All right. I will do it right now.
A.Put down; put on B.Put on; put away C.Put up; put away
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——穿上你的校服,把你的学习用品收拾好。——好的,我马上去做。
考查动词短语词义辨析。put down放下;put on穿上;put away把……收拾起来;put up张贴。根据“...your school uniform and...your school things.”可知,前句表示“穿上校服,收拾好学习用品”,符合put on和put away的含义。故选B。
10.Those are your toys. ________, please.
A.Put it away B.Put them away C.Put away them
【答案】B
【详解】句意:那些是你的玩具。请把它们收起来。
考查动词短语和代词。put away将……收起;it它;them它们。根据“Those are your toys.”可知,此处应用them指代“your toys”,排除A项;“put away”是“动词+副词”结构,当宾语为代词时,代词必须放在动词和副词之间,排除C项。故选B。
11.Don’t _______ rubbish everywhere. It’s everyone’s duty to protect the environment.
A.put away B.take away C.throw away D.give away
【答案】C
【详解】句意:不要到处乱扔垃圾。保护环境是每个人的责任。
考查动词短语。 put away收起来;take away拿走;throw away扔掉;give away赠送。根据“rubbish everywhere”可知,是指不要到处乱扔垃圾。故选C。
12.I had to walk to school because the bus ________ on the way this morning.
A.broke up B.broke down C.broke out D.broke in
【答案】B
【详解】句意:今天早晨我不得不步行去学校,因为公交车抛锚了。
考查动词短语辨析。broke up分手,解散,打破;broke down (机器) 故障/抛锚;broke out (战争/火灾等) 爆发;broke in闯入。根据“the bus … on the way”可知,此处指“公交车在路上发生故障”,强调机械故障导致无法行驶。故选B。
13.—Ben, hurry up! It’s getting dark.
—I’m taking some photos of the sun. It will ________ soon.
A.wake up B.come out C.go down
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——本,快点!天快黑了。——我正在拍太阳的照片。它很快就要下山了。
考查动词短语。wake up醒来;come out出现,出版,开花;go down下降,下沉。根据“It’s getting dark.”以及“I’m taking some photos of the sun.”可知,这里说的是太阳很快会下山,“go down”符合语境。故选C。
14.—Would you mind ________ the music? The baby is sleeping.
—Of course not.
A.turning down B.turn down C.to turn down D.turned down
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你介意把音乐调低一点吗?宝宝正在睡觉。——当然不介意。
考查动名词作宾语。turning down调低;turn down调低(动词原形);to turn down调低(不定式);turned down被调低(过去分词)。would you mind后接动名词作宾语,表示“你介意做某事吗?”。故选A。
15.Trees can stop the water ______ the earth ______.
A.washing, away B.blow, away C.to wash, away
【答案】A
【详解】句意:树木可以阻止水把土壤冲走。
考查动词短语和非谓语动词。wash away冲走;blow away吹走。根据“Trees can stop the water …the earth …”可知,stop sth (from) doing sth“阻止某物做某事”,此处指阻止水把土壤冲走。故选A。
16.The children began to ________ the days to the Spring Festival in January.
A.cut up B.take off C.put away D.count down
【答案】D
【详解】句意:一月份的时候,孩子们开始倒数距离春节还有多少天。
考查动词短语。cut up切碎;take off起飞、脱下;put away收好;count down倒数,倒计时。根据“the days to the Spring Festival”可知,此处指计算春节来临前的剩余天数,即“倒数”,故选D。
17.To fight against global warming, many countries are trying to ________ new energy sources and ________ the use of fossil fuels(化石燃料)which is harmful.
A.take up; cut down B.take on; cut out
C.take in; cut off D.take over; cut back
【答案】A
【详解】句意:为了应对全球变暖,许多国家正试图采用新能源,减少使用有害的化石燃料。
考查动词短语。take up开始从事;take on呈现;take in吸收;take over接收;cut down削减;cut out剪下;cut off切断;cut back减少。根据“To fight against global warming”并结合选项可知,应对全球变暖,应是采用新能源,减少使用有害的化石燃料。故选A。
18.Mona tries her best to study hard in order not to ______ her parents ______.
A.keep, down B.cut ,down C.put, down D.let, down
【答案】D
【详解】句意:莫娜努力学习,以免让父母失望。考查动词短语。1.Keep …. down:压制,控制;2.cut down:砍倒,减少使用;3.put down:放下,记下,贬低,镇压;4.let down:让某人失望。结合句意可知填let, down;选D。
19.The cinema she used to visit has been _________ to build a new one.
A.got down B.put down C.pulled down D.walked down
【答案】C
【详解】句意:她过去常去的那家电影院已被拆除以建一家新的。
考查动词短语。got down下来;put down放下;pulled down拆毁;walked down走下来。根据“The cinema she used to visit has been…to build a new one.”可知,是拆毁,再建一家新的。故选C。
20.—I can’t remember the names of so many birds.
—________ in your notebook?
A.Why not write down them B.Why not write them down
C.Why not to write down them D.Why not to write them down
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——我记不住这么多鸟的名字。——为什么不把它们写在你的笔记本上呢?
考查why not的用法以及动词短语。write down“写下”,动词短语,接代词作宾语时,代词应放中间;why not“为什么不”,其后接动词原形,表示建议,结合选项可知,B项符合。故选B。
二、完成句子(每小题2分,共30分)
21.这个有钱人捐了很多钱修建学校。
The rich man a lot of money to build schools.
【答案】 gave away
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,空处应填短语give away表示“捐赠”;此句描述过去的事实,应用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式gave。故填gave;away。
22.Don’t the food the table.
不要把食物从桌子上拿走。
【答案】 take away from
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,空格处缺的是“从……拿走”。take away“拿走”,助动词don’t后面用动词原形;from“从”,介词。故填take;away;from。
23.昨天我儿子清理掉了一些旧玩具。
My son some old toys yesterday.
【答案】 cleared/cleaned/threw out/away
【详解】结合中英文提示可知,此处缺少“清理”,是短语clear/clean out,“清理掉”也就是“丢掉了一些玩具”,此处还可以用throw away“丢弃”表示,根据“yesterday”可知,此处动词用过去式,故填cleared/cleaned/threw;out/away。
24.昨晚的暴雨引发了洪水,冲垮了村里的几座小木桥。
The heavy rain last night caused floods that several small wooden bridges in the village.
【答案】 washed away
【详解】根据语境可知,此句用一般过去时;由汉语提示可知,此处缺少“冲垮了”,冲垮“wash away”过去式为washed away。故填washed;away。
25.黄灯时你应该减速。
You should at a yellow light.
【答案】 slow down
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,需要翻译的是“减速”,对应短语为:slow down,前面是情态动词should,应该使用原形。故填slow;down。
26.不要担心我的学习,我不会让你失望的。(完成译句)
Don’t worry about my study. I won’t you .
【答案】 let/make down/disappointed
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,空缺部分是“让……失望”,let sb down或make sb disappointed“使某人失望”,固定短语;won’t后跟动词原形。故填let/make;down/disappointed。
27.她甚至用心地记下了所有宝贵的建议。
She even all the valuable suggestions carefully.
【答案】 wrote down
【详解】根据中英文句子对比可知,英文句子缺少“记下”的表达,其英文为write down;根据语境可知,这件事情已经发生,句子时态为一般过去时,谓语动词write要用其过去式wrote。故填wrote;down。
28.我希望下周汽油价格能降下来。
I hope gas prices will next week.
【答案】 go down
【详解】根据汉语提示可知,空格处需填写go down“下降”,为固定动词短语;will为情态动词,后需跟动词原形。故填go;down。
29.我妈妈拒绝了去参加晚会的邀请,因为她没有时间。
My mother the invitation to the party, because she was not available.
【答案】 turned down
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,空处缺“拒绝”的英文。turn down意为“拒绝”,固定搭配。根据“was”可知,本句时态为一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式。故填turned;down。
30.电脑刚刚出故障了。我需要请人修理一下。
The computer just now. I need to have it repaired.
【答案】 broke down
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,英文句子缺少“出故障”,英文表达是break down,动词短语,结合“just now”可知,时态是一般过去时,动词break要变成过去式broke。故填broke;down。
31.他们正在倒数着日子,等待暑假的到来。
They are the days and waiting for the coming of the summer holidays.
【答案】 counting down
【详解】count down“倒数”,动词短语。根据“They are...”可知,应用现在进行时,动词变为现在分词形式counting。故填counting;down。
32.巨人把墙推倒,并把花园交给了孩子们。
The Giant the wall and gives the garden to the children.
【答案】 pulls down
【详解】pull down“推倒”,根据“gives”可知,谓语用一般现在时,主语The Giant是第三人称单数形式,谓语用第三人称单数形式,故填pulls down。
33.那家公司去年关闭其海外办事处。
The company its overseas office last year.
【答案】 closed/shut down
【详解】根据中英文对照可知缺少“关闭”,且由last year可知此句应用一般过去时,close/shut down“关闭”,close的过去式为closed,shut的过去式为shut。故填closed/shut;down。
34.政府应该阻止人们砍伐大量的树。
The government ought to prevent people from many trees.
【答案】 cutting down
【详解】根据中英文提示可知,缺少“砍伐”,“砍伐”的短语是cut down,且prevent sb from doing sth“阻止某人做某事”中from后接动名词,故填cutting;down。
35.为了不打扰父亲, 丽莎把电视声音关小了。
Lisa the TV in order not to disturb her father.
【答案】 turned down
【详解】根据题干,可知空格处缺少谓语动词。关小“turn down”。由句意可知时态是一般过去时。故填turned;down。
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