必修1 十大基础时态复习涉及瞬间动词与延续性动词的转换-备战2025-2026学年高中英语上学期期末语法全解（沪教版）

ENGLISH-必修1系列资料（沪教版） Uit1十大基础时态复习（涉及瞬间动词与延续性动词的转换） 考频分析 十大基础时态复习（涉及瞬间动词与延续性动词的转换）是高中英语语法的重要模块，考频占语法总量的 15%左右，贯穿试卷所有核心题型：单项选择2-3题、完形填空3-4题、语法填空23题、书面表达核心 考察，直接影响句子时态准确性与语境合理性。在语境理解类题目中，时态的辨析、瞬间动词与延续性动 词的转换及时间状语呼应往往是解题关键。 考查内容 高中英语对十大基础时态的考察聚焦三大维度，覆盖基础用法与语境应用： ·时态结构与标志词：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过 去完成时、将来完成时、现在完成进行时、过去将来时的基本构成（含主动与被动）及时间状语匹配； ·瞬间动词与延续性动词转换：终止性动词（如come,leave,die)在完成时与时间段连用时的转换规则 (如用bein替换arrive at,用be dead替换die); ·语境时态辨析：结合具体场景判断时态（如过去完成时表示“过去的过去”，现在完成时强调“过去动作 对现在的影响”)，以及主从句时态呼应（如条件句、宾语从句）。 精讲精练 知识点一：十大基础时态的构成与用法（含瞬间动词与延续性动词转换） ·1.一般现在时（表示经常性、习惯性动作或客观真理） 一构成：主语+动词原形第三人称单数 -例句：口She plays basketball every Sunday..(经常性动作)口The earth goes around the sun.(客 观真理)》 一瞬间动词转换：无（本身可用于表状态） ·2.一般过去时（表示过去某个时间发生的动作或状态） 一构成：主语+动词过去式 -例句：He bought a new phone yesterday..(瞬间动词buy直接使用)They lived here for5 years. (延续性动词Iive) 一瞬间动词转换：无（直接用过去式表过去发生的短暂动作） ·3.一般将来时（表示将来要发生的动作或存在的状态） -构成：will/shall+动词原形；be going to+动词原形 -例句：口I will visit my parents next month.(will结构)口It is going to rain soon.(be going to结构) -瞬间动词转换：无(w+瞬间动词表将来发生) ·4.现在进行时（表示现在正在进行的动作） -构成：amis/are+动词-ing形式 -例句：口They are playing football now.(延续性动词play)The bus is arriving.(瞬间动词arrive 用于进行时表即将发生) -瞬间动词转换：瞬间动词(come/go/arrive等)可用于进行时表将来 ·5.过去进行时（表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作） -构成：was/were+动词-ing形式 -例句：口I was reading when he called.(延续性动词read)口He was dying at8 last night.(瞬间动 词die用于进行时表逐渐过程) -瞬间动词转换：少数瞬间动词(die/appear等)可用于进行时表逐渐发生 ·6.将来进行时（表示将来某一时刻正在进行的动作） -构成：will be+动词-ing形式 -例句：☐I will be studying at9p.m.tomorrow.(延续性动词study)口She will be arriving at that time. (瞬间动词arrive用于进行时表将来正在发生的短暂动作) 一瞬间动词转换：同现在进行时，瞬间动词可表将来特定时刻的短暂动作 ·7.现在完成时（表示过去发生并持续到现在的动作对现在造成的影响） -构成：have/has+动词过去分词 -例句：口He has lived here for10 years.(延续性动词live,与for+时间段连用)·I have bought a new car..(瞬间动词buy表对现在的影响) -瞬间动词转换：瞬间动词(buy/die/join等)不可与for+时间段连用，需转换为延续性动词：buy→have; die→be dead;join→be in/be a member of -例：He has had the car for2 years..(不能用has bought) ·8.过去完成时（表示过去某一时间前已完成的动作） -构成：had+动词过去分词 -例句：口They had finished the work before he came.(延续性动词finish)口She had left when I arrived.(瞬间动词leave表过去的过去完成的动作) -瞬间动词转换：同现在完成时，瞬间动词需转换为延续性动词与fo+时间段连用 -例：He had been in the army for3 years before he retired.(join→bein) ·9.将来完成时（表示将来某一时间前将完成的动作） 一构成：will have-+动词过去分词 -例句：I will have graduated by next summer.(瞬间动词graduate)They will have lived here for 20 years by2025.(延续性动词live) 一瞬间动词转换：瞬间动词可直接使用表将来完成的短暂动作；若与fo+时间段连用需转换 -例：She will have been married for10 years by then.(marry→be married) ·0.现在完成进行时（表示从过去持续到现在并仍在进行的动作） -构成：have/has been+动词-ing形式 -例句：☐I have been leaming English for5 years.(延续性动词learn,强调动作持续) 一瞬间动词转换：不可与瞬间动词连用（本身强调动作持续，需用延续性动词） 【即学即练】 1.【现在完成时瞬间动词转换】He一(buy)the book for2 years.请填写正确形式并说明原因。 2.【时态辨析】区分一般过去时与现在完成时： ·☐l_(lose)my key yesterday: ·口l_(lose)my key..Ican't find it now. 3.【瞬间动词转换】下列句子中错误的是？ A.He has been dead for 3 years. B.He has died for 3 years. C.She has had the bike for a month D.She hasn't bought a new bike yet. 4.【时态结构】现在完成进行时的正确结构是？ A.have/has+过去分词 B.have/has been doing C.was/were doing D.will have+过去分词 5.【语境时态】/hen I arrived,she_(cook)dinner.请填写正确形式。 必修1|英语|沪教版 ENGLISH-必修1系列资料（沪教版） 知识点二：时态易错点对比与瞬间动词转换实战 ·1.一般现在时Vs现在进行时（时间与状态的区分） -口时间标志词对比 *一般现在时：always/usually/often/every day(表规律性) *现在进行时：now/at the moment/look/listen(表此刻正在) -口用法差异 *一股现在时：客观真理、常态习惯（不受时间限制） *例句：Nater boils at100☐.（客观真理，用一般现在时） *现在进行时：临时动作、情感色彩（表暂时或抱怨） *例句：He is always leaving his things everywhere.(always与进行时连用表抱怨) -口瞬间动词转换 *现在进行时表将来：The train is arriving in5 minutes.(arrive为瞬间动词，用进行时表即将发生) ·2.现在完成时Vs一般过去时（与现在的关联性） 一口时间标志词对比 *现在完成时：since2018/for5 years/already/yet(强调持续或影响) *一般过去时：yesterday/in2018 three days ago(强调过去时间点) -口用法差异 *现在完成时：动作持续到现在或对现在有影响 *例句：I have lost my key.(现在仍处于丢失状态，影响现在) *一般过去时：单纯过去动作，与现在无关 *例句：I lost my key yesterday.(仅说明昨天发生，现在可能已找回) -口瞬间动词转换 *错误：He has died for3 years.(die为瞬间动词，不可与for连用) *正确：He has been dead for3 years.(die→be dead,延续性转换) ·3.过去进行时Vs一般过去时（动作的同时性） 一口时间标志词对比 *过去进行时：at8 last night/when+一般过去时（表过去某时刻正在） *一般过去时：then/just/,单纯过去时间（表先后发生） 一口用法差异 *过去进行时：长动作背景+短动作插入(when引导短动作) *例句：I was cooking when the doorbell rang.(cook为长动作，ring为短动作) *一般过去时：两个先后发生的短动作 *例句：I cooked dinner and then rang the doorbell..(cook和ring先后发生) -口瞬间动词转换 *少数瞬间动词表渐变：The sun was rising when we arrived.(rise为瞬间动词，用进行时表逐渐升 起) ·4.现在完成时Vs现在完成进行时（动作的持续性与末完性） -口结构对比 *现在完成时：have/has+过去分词（表完成或状态持续） *现在完成进行时：have/has been+doing(表动作持续且未结束) -口用法差异 *现在完成时：强调结果 *例句：I have read this book.(已读完) *现在完成进行时：强调过程 *例句：I have been reading this book all morning.(仍在阅读中) -口瞬间动词转换 *现在完成进行时不可用瞬间动词： *错误：He has been joining the club for a year.(join为瞬间动词) *正a确：He has been a member of the club for a year.(join→pe a member of) ·5.将来时表达方式对比（计划与意愿） -口结构对比 *will do:临时决定或客观将来 *例句：It will rain tomorrow.(客观预测) *be going to do:计划或有迹象表明 *例句：I am going to visit my grandparents.(计划好的动作) *be to do:正式安排或命令 *例句：The meeting is to start at9a.m.(正式安排) 一口瞬间动词转换 *be going to表计划：The plane is going to take off in10 minutes.(take off为瞬间动词，表计划起 飞) ·6.现在完成时中的延续性动词固定搭配 一口常见瞬间动词转换表 *borrow→keep;buy→have;join→bein/be a member of;leave→oe away -口例句对比 *错误：I have borrowed this book for2 weeks.(borrow为瞬间动词) *正确：I have kept this book for2 weeks.(borrow-→keep) *错误：They have joined the army since2o20.(join为瞬间动词) *正确：They have been in the army since2020.((join-be in) -口实战应用 *翻译：他入党已经五年了。 *错误：He has joined the Party for5 years. *正t确：He has been a member of the Party for5 years. 知识点三：时态与时间状语的匹配及特殊句式应用 ·1.时间状语与时态的对应关系（高考高频） -口一般现在时：always/usually/often/every day/on Sundays *→例句：She usually gets up at6:30a.m. -☐一般过去时：yesterday/.ast week/in2020 three days ago *→例句：They visited the museum last Saturday.. -☐一般将来时：tomorrow/next month/in2026 /in two weeks *→例句：Ne will have a picnic next Sunday. -☐现在完成时：since2019/for3 years/already/yet/so far *→例句：I have lived in this city for10 years. -☐过去进行时：at8p.m.last night/from7to9 yesterday *→例句：He was watching TV at8o'clock last night. -口将来进行时：at this time tomorrow/when you arrive *→例句：I will be studying in the library at this time tomorrow. ·2.特殊句式中的时态应用（高考易错） -口主将从现(if/unless/when/as soon as引导条件时间状语从句) *→例句：If it rains tomorrow,we will stay at home.(主句将来时，从句一般现在时) 一口宾语从句时态一致性（主句过去时，从句用相应过去时态） *→例句：She said she would come to the party.(主句一般过去时，从句过去将来时) -口虚拟语气中的时态（与现在事实相反：if+一般过去时，主句woud+动词原形） *→例句：If I were you,I would take the job. -口There be句型的时态变化 *→例句：There was a football match in our school yesterday.(一般过去时) *→例句：There will be a concert next Friday.(一般将来时) ·3.时态综合填空（高考模拟题型） 一用括号内动词的适当形式填空： *口He_(live)in Shanghai since2018.(答案：has lived,现在完成时+since短语) *口ly mother_(cook)dinner when I got home yesterday.(答案：was cooking,过去进行时+when 引导的一般过去时) *口They_(isit)the Great Wall next month.(答案：will visit/are going to visit,,一般将来时+next month) *口Listen!Someone_(sing)in the next room.(答案：is singing,现在进行时+-listen提示词) *口The teacher told us that the earth_(go)around the sun.(答案：goes,客观真理用一般现在时， 不受主句时态影响) 必修1|英语|沪教版 ENGLISH-必修1系列资料（沪教版） 考法一：瞬间动词与延续性动词转换 ·核心：判断瞬间动词是否与表时间段的状语连用，如需连用则转换为对应的延续性动词 ·真题1（语法填空）： -He_(die)for 5 years,but we still miss him. -答案：has been dead解析：瞬间动词die不可与for5 years连用，需转换为延续性动词be dead;主 语为三单，助动词用has,be的过去分词为been。 ·真题2（单项选择）： My brother_the army in 2020 and he_in it for 3 years. A.joined;has been B.has joined;has been C.joined;was D.has joined;was -答案：A解析：第一空由时间标志词in2020可知用一般过去时joined;第二空for3 years表持续，瞬 间动词join需转换为延续性动词bein,结合现在完成时has been。 考法二：瞬间动词与延续性动词转换 ·核心：根据语境中是否出现”for+时间段”或”since+时间点”，判断是否需要将瞬间动词转换为延续性动 词 ·真题1（语法填空）： -He_(join)the English club in 2020 and has been a member for 3 years. 一答案：joined解析：in2020为过去时间点，瞬间动词join直接用一般过去时；后半句"for3 years”需 转换为延续性动词短语"be a member'”。 ·真题2（单项选择）： My brother_the army for 5 years. A.has joined B.has been in C.joined D.was in -答案：B解析："for5 years”需与延续性动词连用，join转换为bein,现在完成时结构为has been in。 考法三：时态与瞬间动词转换在语境中的综合应用 ·核心：结合时间标志词判断时态，准确进行瞬间动词与延续性动词的转换，区分主动与被动语境下的时 态选择 ·真题1（单项选择）： -We _in this neighborhood since 2015,but our house _last month. A.lived;sold B.have lived;was sold C.are living;sells D.have been living;is sold 一答案：B解析：第一空根据时间标志词“since2015”可知需用现在完成时，且Iive”为延续性动词， 直接用“have lived”;第二空“house”是“sell”的承受者，需用被动语态，由“last month”可知 用一般过去时被动语态“was sold”。 ·真题2（语法填空）： -By the time she graduates next year,she_(study)French for 8 years.Her first French novel -(translate)into three languages by then. -答案：will have studied;will have been translated解析：第一空“by the time+将来时间”搭配将来完 成时，“study”为延续性动词，直接用“will have studied”;第二空“novel'”是“translate”的承受者， 需用被动语态，结合“by then”(指毕业时)可知用将来完成时被动语态“will have been translated”。 必修1|英语|沪教版 ENGLISH-必修1系列资料（沪教版） 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题（共10题） 1.My father_the company in 2018 and he_as CEO for 5 years. A.founded;has been B.has founded;has been C.founded;was D.has founded;was 2.The old man_for 2 hours,so we need to send him to the hospital immediately. A.dies B.is dying C.has died D.has been dead 3.We_dinner when a stranger__at the door last night. A.had;knocked B.were having;knocked C.had;was knocking D.were having;was knocking 4.By the end of next month,we_this project for a whole year. A.will work B.will be working C.will have worked D.have worked 5.Listen!The birds_in the tree,and spring-soon. A.sing;comes B.are singing;is coming C.sing;is coming D.are singing;comes 6.My brother_in London since 2020,but he_back to China next year. A.lived;will come B.has lived;will come