专题3 说明文阅读-【芸熙百分】2025-2026学年八年级英语上册期末必刷卷（人教版·新教材）郑州专版

父河将巷四 R·八年级·英语 攻专题 试题扫一扫 错题帮你找， 专题3 说明文阅读 紧扣课程标准根据最新教材编写 编者按：聚焦期末高频及重难考点，专题训练，提升能力！ 器和湖 A(话题：人生罗盘，指引前路) F邮 "Life's a long,long journey,"so we are told,and most of us would not set off on a journey,even 的女 製字的 a short one,without some ideas of where we wanted to go.Yet many people travel on life's journey with 拟地 no sense of direction at all. 架的製 Setting personal goals can give your life a sense of direction.Goal setting is used by top sports 邮▣邮 players,successful business people and achievers in all fields.Before you set personal goals,think about 州阳阁 灯容外 what you want to achieve with your life. Try to set goals in some of the following categories(类别)： Education-Will you achieve the educational goals after finishing high school?Are you still growing and learning？ Family-What kind of relationship do you want with your parents and other family members? 1 Creative-Do you want to achieve any artistic goals? Career()-What job do you want to do when you grow up?What do you need to make your 内 dream come true? p Public Service-Do you want to make the world a better place? 册 Physical-Are you fit enough to do the things you want to do? 1 Pleasure-How do you want to enjoy yourself? To help make the process more manageable,divide your goals into smaller tasks.For example,if you want to reach a main goal in five years,set a three-year goal,a one-year goal,a three-month goal and a one-month goal.Then create a daily To-Do List of things that you should do today.When a goal is achieved,take the time to enjoy your success.This helps you build self-confidence. Remember,your goals can be changed as time goes on.But be sure your goals are the things you 常 hope to achieve,not what your parents,family or teachers want. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 得 )1.According to the text,why should we set goals? A.To have a better future. B.To enjoy pleasure in life. 1 C.To know where to have a journey. D.To give our life a sense of direction. 1 )2.What should you consider when you set a family goal? A.The education you want to get. B.The relationship with family members. P C.The job to support your family. D.The time you'll spend reaching your goal. )3.What's the best advice to achieve the main goal? 武 A.Building self-confidence. B.Creating a daily To-Do List of things. 9 C.Dividing your goals into smaller tasks. D.Setting the time to achieve the main goal )4.What can we learn from the text? A.Once you set your goals,they can't be changed. B.Not all the people can succeed by setting goals. C.Enjoying success in one goal can help you do better in the next one. D.Your goals are the things you and your parents,families or teachers want. 英语八年级上册人教第1页共4页 ()5.Which of the following is the best title for the text? A.A long journey B.Goal setting for life C.The direction of life D.Ways to achieve goals B(话题：运动装备里的“科技密码”) []Do you like sports?Do you have your favourite sports players?Do you care about what sports players wear?In fact,a lot of sports fans()do.However,many of them are surprised to learn how much technology the sports players wear. Many sports players like wearing sunglasses for outdoor exercise.In fact,these sunglasses are really smart.They do much more than keep out the sunlight.They show information on their glasses.For example,sports players wearing smart glasses can watch a map while they are running.This way,they won't be lost.They can also see how fast they are running on the glasses. There are also different kinds of sports clothing that are full of technology.For example,smart sports pants have sensors().They tell you when your action isn't quite right.Many players wear special sleeping clothes.These sleeping clothes can help people sleep better.They feel really relaxed after waking up. Another cool example is the smart running shoes.These shoes have small smart pieces and sensors in them.When you are running,the sensors can find out if your running way is right or not.And it can give you advice right away through an app on your phone.Also,it can keep a record of how far you run, how fast you run and how many calories()you burn each time you run.This helps you carry out your exercise plan better. These technologies are highly useful.I'm sure they will be used more often in the near future and make our life better. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 ()6.Why does the writer ask questions at the beginning of this text? A.To invite some readers to answer them. B.To give some information on sports clothes. C.To ask for ideas about wearing smart clothes. D.To make readers interested in the text. ()7.What does the underlined word "they"refer to? A.Sports fans. B.Sports players. C.Smart sunglasses. D.The maps. )8.According to the passage,which of the following is TRUE? A.Smart sunglasses can show information. B.The smart sports pants and the sunglasses have sensors. C.Sports fans care about the technology in sports players'clothes. D.The small pieces in the shoes can find out if your running way is right or not. ()9.What does the writer think of these clothes with technology? A.He doesn't think they are helpful.B.He believes more people will use them. C.He doesn't have any ideas about them.D.He thinks they're bad for the environment. )10.-可新考法文章结构What's the structure of this text?(①=Paragraph1,…） ① ①②③④ ① ① A.②③④ B. G D.②③④ ⑤ ⑤ ②③④⑤ ⑤ 英语八年级上册人教第2页共4页 专题3 C(话题：沟通的“第一堂课”) What can siblings(兄弟姐t妹)teach you about communication?How do they help you learn to talk things out?Relationships with your siblings can help you practise social skills.Having a good relationship with them can help you communicate with other people,and understand other people's feelings.You can even learn things when you don't get on with your siblings.When you argue with them,you have to work out how to be in the same space with them.As a result,you often learn how to accept differences.It is very useful in the outside world-whether at school,work,or in friendship,respecting others'opinions helps build stronger connection. If's completely normal(正常的)that sometimes you and your sibling won''t see eye to eye..“Have a good think about why the two of you don't get on.Try to talk when you both cool down,says Dr Owen, a researcher in new children develop."Tell them how you feel.You could say,It really hurts me when you make jokes about me.Small steps can make a big difference.Share a snack,ask about their day,or play a game together.Even little acts of kindness can turn arguments into better understanding.For example,if you fight over a toy,taking turns shows you value their needs.Siblings can be your first friends for life！If the trouble carries on,talk to a trusted adult(成年人).” All families are different.What if you don't have siblings?That doesn't mean you won't experience the advantages people get from having a brother or sister.There are ways to help only children develop these skills too. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 )11.-可新考法写作手法How does the writer start the text? A.By giving facts. B.By telling stories. C.By using sayings. D.By asking questions. )12.What is Paragraph 1 mainly about? A.Advantages of having siblings. B.Causes of arguing with others. C.Practice of accepting differences. D.Ways of building relationships. )13.What do the underlined words "see eye to eye"in Paragraph 2 mean? A.Joke with each other. B.Hear from each other. C.Agree with each other. D.Learn from each other. ()14.可新考法细节排序According to Dr Owen,what is the RIGHT order to solve arguments with siblings? DTalk about your feelings. 2Do small kind things together. 3Think about why you don't get on. 4Cool down before talking. A.③④①②B.④③①② C.③①④② D.④①③② ()15.What will the writer probably talk about next? A.Why all families are different. B.When we can talk to a trusted adult. C.What is important for communication. D.How only children develop social skills. D(话题：动物冬眠知多少) For people who don't like winter,animals that hibernate()seem to have a great idea.But is hibernation the same as sleeping? 专题31产 英语八年级上册人教第3页共4页 Well,in fact,animals that hibernate don't "sleep"during the winter.Hibernation is very different from what happens when you sleep.During hibernation,metabolism(新陈代谢)slows down greatly. When lemurs(hibernate,for example,they slow their heart rates().An active lemur's heart beats about 300 times a minute.During hibernation,it beats less than 6 times a minute.Its breathing( )slows down too.Hibernating lemurs can go ten minutes without taking a breath.Their brain activity nearly stop.During sleep,however,animals continue to breathe as usual. According to scientists,hibernation is a way for animals to save energy.However,animals that live in cold areas are not the only ones to hibernate.Some animals hibernate to keep away from hot weather. For some,hibernation is not because of temperatures.Some animals hibernate when there is no food. Echidnas(),for example,will hibernate after fires.They won't go back to usual activities until food 封 grows back.Some animals hibernate to stay safe.Animals don't smell or move much when they hibernate. This makes it hard for other animals to find them and eat them. There are many mammals(哺乳动物)that hibernate..Most of them are small-一weigh less than9O grams.Little animals usually lose heat quickly.It is hard for them to stay warm in winter,so they need to save more energy than larger animals do. We human beings()don't need hibernation.So,don't be lazy and lie in bed all day long during the coming winter holiday! 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 )16.-可新考法图文转换Which picture can show the changes of the heart rates before and after the animals'hibernation? A. B D 不 ( )17.How does the writer explain that hibernation is a way for animals to save energy? A.By asking questions. B.By telling jokes. C.By giving examples. D.By using a saying. )18.Why do most of mammals need to hibernate? ①Most of them are small..②They feed on meat.③They lose heat quickly. 4It's easy for them to find a place to hibernate.5It's hard for them to stay warm in winter. A.①②④ B.③④⑤ C.②④⑤ D.①③⑤ ( )19.可新考法文章结构What's the structure of the text?(①=Paragraph1,) ① ① ① A.②③④ B C.②③ D ② ⑤ ②③④⑤ ④⑤ ③④⑤ ()20.-可新考法写作意图What does the writer mainly want to tell us? A.To tell people more about hibernation. 题 B.To prevent young people from getting lazy. C.To explain why human beings don't need hibernation. D.To list the differences between hibernation and sleeping. 英语八年级上册人教第4页共4页河派言型 10.detail 11.reunion 12.training 13.stranger 14.listener 15.attention 16.misunderstanding 17.event 18.opportunity 19.argue 20.prefer 21.continue 22.face-to-face 23.nervous 24.impolite 25.personal 26.reasonable 27.seriously 28.carefully 29.surely 30.sincerely 31.sign 32.local 33.chance 34.point 35.pay 36.offer 37.social 38.medium 39.trust 40.cost 41.benefit 42.reply 43.honour(=honor)44.opening 45.closing 46.sentence 47.date 词形词性转换 2 1.communication 2.speaker 3.argument 4.expression 5.difficulty 6.training 7.paid 8.personal 9.reasonable 10.seriously 11.carefully:careless 12.impolite 2 重点词块 1.face to face 2.text message 3.pick up 4.show sb.around 5.in person 6.make up (with sb.)7.worry about 8.right away 9.drop sb.a line 10.show interest in sth.11.argue with sb. 12.move on (to sth.)13.find out 14.tell the truth 15.pay attention (to...)16.be yourself 17.social media 18.keep (...away from...19.take place 20.benefit ..from... 重点句子 2 1.If you come to my city/town,I'll show you around. 2.What's the best way to communicate in this situation? 3.If the rehearsal ends at 7:00 p.m.,I'll pick you up at 7:15 p.m. 4.Listen carefully and show interest in others. 5.We would like to invite you to give a speech at our Education Talk event. 6.It would be a great honour to have you speak at our school. 专题1应用文阅读 快速灯省皋 题号12345678910 答案DC C BABD BDC 易错题难题精中 A 4.B解析)数字计算题。根据表格中的票价信息“Pice: ￡5 for one ticket.Free for children under7.”可知，一个6岁 男孩和他的父母一起去社区有机食品市场需要支付：5×2= 10(英镑)。故选B。 5.A解析》推理判断题。本文主要介绍了社区有机食品市 场的活动名称、摊位信息、特惠活动、注意事项及时间地点 等信息，目的是吸引人们参加社区有机食品市场，符合海报 的特征。故选A。 人教版·八年级·英语·上册 心 7.D解析)推理判断题。根据表格中每个栏目下的具体文 章标题和简介可知，本文提供了对各篇文章的简要介绍。 故选D。 专题2记叙文阅读 成速灯省皋 题号12345678910 答案BBAC C CBCAD 易错题难题精中 4.C解析)数字计算题。根据画线句子“If you wrote all the numbers from one to one hundred,how many times would you write nine?”可知，如果从1写到100的所有数字，在个位 上，9、19、29、39.99，个位上出现9的次数为10次：在十位 上，90、91、92.99，十位上出现9的次数也为10次，共20 次。故选C。 5.C解析)标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了 作者因Jake的帮助而改变对数学的态度，两人从疏远到成 为朋友的故事，凸显了这段因“数学帮助”而建立的独特友 谊。C项（帮助我学数学的朋友）适合作本文的最佳标题。 故选C。 B 9.A解析》写作手法题。根据文中“One day'”“The next morning”“Weeks later'”等表示时间的词汇可知，故事是按 照时间顺序发展的。故选A。 10.D解析)》主旨大意题。本文通过狼和熊合作种植食物 的故事，揭示了诚实和公平合作的重要性。狼试图通过耍 花招来获得更多的利益，但最终被熊的智慧所挫败，强调 了诚实和公平在人际关系中的重要性。故选D。 专题3说明文阅读 快速灯省皋 题号12345678910 答案DBCC BDBABA 题号11121314151617181920 答案DACADBCDAA A 5.B解析标题归纳题。文章开篇用“人生之旅”引出设定 目标的重要性，随后介绍设定人生目标的类别、实现方法及 注意事项，围绕“人生目标设定”这一主旨展开，因此B项 适合作本文的最佳标题。故选B。 B 7.B解析》代词指代题。根据第二段中“sports players wearing smart glasses can watch a map while they are running...They can also see how fast they are running on the glasses..”可知，戴 ●● 4 河洛芸熙·期未考试必刷卷 着智能太阳镜的运动员可以在跑步时看地图，还可以在眼 镜上看到他们跑得有多快。此处they指代的是“sports players”。故选B。 10.A解析》文章结构题。文章第一段引出“运动员装备中 融人大量科技”的话题；第二至四段分别介绍智能太阳 镜、智能运动服、智能跑鞋的科技功能：第五段总结这些科 技的用途及应用前景。因此文章结构为“总一分一总”。 故选A。 13.C解析》词义猜测题。根据第二段中“Have a good think about why the two of you don't get on.Try to talk when you both cool down(好好想想你们俩合不来的原因。等双方都 冷静下来时，试着谈一谈)”可知，这里说的是兄弟姐妹合 不来的现象，故可推知won't see eye to eye意为“相处不 好”，即“互相同意”的否定形式。C项符合题意。故选C。 15.D解析》推理判断题。根据最后一段“hat if you dont have siblings?That doesn't mean you won't experience the advantages...There are ways to help only children develop these skills too.(如果你没有兄弟姐妹呢？这不意味着你 不会体验到这些好处…也有方法帮助独生子女发展这 些技能。)”可知，作者接下来会具体说明独生子女如何培 养这些社交技能。故选D。 D 16.B[解析》细节理解题。根据第二段中“When lemurs hibemate,for example,they slow their heart rates.An active lemur's heart beats about 300 times a minute.During hibemation,it beats less than6 times a minute.”可知，狐猴 冬眠时心率会慢下来，活跃时心率大约为一分钟300次， 冬眠时为一分钟不到6次，因此动物冬眠时心率急剧下 降，B项图片符合题意。故选B。 19.A解析文章结构题。通读全文可知，文章第一段提出 问题“冬眠和睡觉一样吗？”来引出下文；第二至第四段分 别介绍冬眠的相关信息；第五段总结全文。因此文章为 “总一分一总”的结构。故选A。 20.A解析》写作意图题。文章围绕“冬眠”展开，依次介绍 了冬眠与睡觉的区别、冬眠的意义、冬眠动物的特点等，旨 在向读者全面介绍冬眠的知识。故选A。 专题4任务型阅读 快速刀答泉 题号12345678910 答案ECABDDAEBC 题号11121314151617181920 答案AECBDEDC BA 题号21222324252627282930 答案BDACEEDCAB 5 而据言侧 易错题难题精中 A 4.B解析》本段主题是“着装得体”，空前提出“想想你要 去哪里”，空后举例“去看球赛或野餐”，说明空处也应是一 个关于具体场合的问句，与上下文呼应。B项（你要去一家 不错的餐厅吗？)通过具体场合举例，与下文共同说明不同 场合需搭配不同着装，符合语境。故选B。 7.A解析》空前描述“我”友善地看着小狗，慢慢伸出手轻 轻抚摸它，空后提到“我发现它的前腿受伤了”。A项（这 让小狗信任了我。)说明“我”的友善行为赢得了小狗的信 任，才得以近距离查看它的伤情，逻辑连贯。故选A。 C 13.C解析根据空前“Brew strong coffee with your favourite beans.(用你最喜欢的咖啡豆煮浓咖啡。)”可知，此处为做 冰咖啡的步骤。C项（把它倒在冰上，迅速冷却。）符合语 境。故选C。 D 16.E解析》空前提到纸币上有河流、山脉、建筑和名人等 图案，空后指出这些图案像“文化、历史和自然的小课 堂”。E项（这些图案通常展示了每个国家认为重要的事 物。)既承接了“图案”这一话题，又解释了图案为何能承 载文化等意义，为下文“小课堂”的比喻作铺垫，符合语 境。故选E。 18.C解析》空前描述20元纸币上桂林漓江“青山映于静 水中”的美景，C项（它如此美丽，以至于几个世纪以来艺 术家们都在描绘它。)进一步强调漓江的美景，与“自然景 观”的主题呼应，衔接自然。故选C。 E 24.C解析》本段小标题是“机器人咨询师”，空前提到“许 多家庭会拥有机器人”，空后说明“机器人咨询师会调查 家庭需求和生活方式，作出最正确的决定”。C项（他们需 要有人帮助挑选合适的机器人。)解释了机器人咨询师存 在的必要性，符合语境。故选C。 30.B解析》空前讲述了几种不同性格的Labubu,且空后提 到“Our personalities make us unique..(我们的性格让我们 独特。)”，B项（每个Labubu都很特别，每个人也是如 此。)总结了Labubu与人类的共性一独特性，符合语 境。故选B。 专题5完形填空 成速灯省 题号12345678910 答案AABCADDDBC 题号11121314151617181920 答案BCBADBACAB