Unit 8 Safe and sound 重点单词短语词性转换巩固复习练100题（乱序版）-2025-2026学年八年级英语上册重难点讲练全攻略（译林版2024）

2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 8 Safe and sound 重点单词短语词性转换巩固复习练100题（乱序版） 说明：此专题分三个难度层次，基础入门训练<进阶拓展训练< 能力综合实践，老师根据学生实际情况进行针对性难度训练。 基础入门训练30题 1．The library is (靠近) the post office. 2． (迄今为止), we have received fifty applications. 3．The government is trying to help (无家可归的人). 4．It took the firefighters an hour to (扑灭) the fire. 5．It’s very important to help the children to know (道路) safety. 6．Everyone in the classroom should feel guilty about the untidy (状态) of the classroom. 7．—Will you drive to Nanjing tomorrow? —No. I will go there by (长途汽车) instead. 8．This morning, Sam ate some food which went bad and now his stomach is (疼痛). 9．—I can hear some (喊叫) from the children. What’s up? —Let’s go and see what is happening. 10．I felt (焦虑的) because it was my first time speaking to the whole school. 11．My elder sister always (警告) me not to swim in the river alone when I was young. 12．P the button to start the machine. 13．A true gentleman should keep s while watching a chess game. 14．The boy fell off the high tree. Luckily, he wasn’t badly h . 15．In an e , you should call 120 for help immediately. 16．My friend will arrive by plane at two o’clock this afternoon, and I’ll go to the a to pick him up. 17．She works as a r for a local newspaper. 18．The plane flew higher and higher. At last it (disappear) in the sky. 19．His pet dog (die) yesterday. 20．Jim (chat) on the Internet while Mom was cooking. 21．Both of Mr. Wang’s sons are (policeman). 22．“Oh, it’s time to have supper. Where can I get my food?” she said to (she). 23．Are you looking for your lost things? Come to our (办事处) and have a look. 24．My sister is good at singing. She has a good (嗓音). 25．The marathon aims to (筹集) money for (无家可归的) people. 26．You can (猜测) the meaning of new words when reading. 27．The (邮递员) brings letters every day. 28．It snowed (大量地) last night. 29．When the fire started, people ran (向着四面八方). 30．The victim was hurt with a knife and (流血) to death as a result. 进阶拓展训练30题 31．The little boy would cower under the table when there was (闪电). 32．My health has improved (自从……以来) I started to do exercise in the morning. 33．She explained to them what to do in an (紧急情况) at the last meeting. 34．It was very foggy yesterday, so there were a number of (事故) in the street. 35．They had remained (安静的) until they were well away from the house. 36．After the heavy snow, people were trying to c the snow from the streets. 37．S he is an honest man, I think he’s telling the truth. 38．I wonder i you can help me with my Maths. 39．The heavy rain created a difficult s for drivers on the road. 40．The shop is c on weekends, so we can’t go shopping. 41．When the e happened, everyone followed the safety instructions. 42．We need to h the soup before we eat it. 43．She spoke in a low voice because of f of waking the baby. 44．You’d better a eating too much junk food. It is bad for your health. 45．I’m used to paying for almost everything with my phone, i food, tickets and clothes. 46．When I woke up last night, we both kept s about the matter, for it was a secret between us. 47．Suzy did what she could to c the little boy down, but he was too excited. 48．It was his first time making a speech, so he felt a little bit n . 49．We should always follow the t rules to keep safe on the road. 50．—I am glad your voice (sound) better now! —I had a good rest this week and I drank a lot of water. 51．—Why did the policeman stop your car? —I (make) a call at that moment. 52．I’m sorry that I didn’t hear what you said just now because I (listen) to music. 53．When I got home, my pet dog (lie) on the floor. 54．When I saw Mr Wang, he (write) a report. 55．How many (coach) are there in the square? 56．I (mop) up the water at this time yesterday. 57．The (beat) team promised to work harder next time. 58．You need to watch the situation (close). 59．This is the most interesting news (report) I’ve read this week. 60．It’s important to stay calm in a difficult (situate). 能力综合实践40题 61．Can you tell me the (direct) to the nearest hospital? 62．The teacher asked the students to keep (silence) during the exam. 63．We do not allow (smoke) in the library. 64．We should learn from Tom’s bravery when facing an (emergent). 65．They knew they had done something (terrible) wrong and lied to cover it up. 66．A big earthquake hit Türkiye last month, and it made many people become (home). 67．There will be a talk on (nature) disasters in the school hall this afternoon. 68．This morning, a car hit a tree and the driver (hurt) badly. 69．I (do) my homework when the doorbell (ring). 70．Mr Smith (give) a report to the students between 8 a. m. and 9 a. m. yesterday. 71．He (trap) in the dark, unable to see anything around. 72．He (read) an English book when I walked past his house yesterday. 73．The school football team was (luck) to lose yesterday’s match. 74．We don’t know whether the poor boy is (live) or dead after the earthquake. 75．Finally, the old man got to the right place (safe) after ten hours’ drive. 76．The little girl was too excited (calm) down when she heard the good news. 77．I was so tired that I fell asleep while I (watch) TV last night. 78．It rained (heavy) last night, so the road was full of water. 79．At present, over 50 countries in the world, China, Australia and South Africa, use cloud seeding to increase rainfall in their dry regions. (include) 80．When the earthquake happened, I felt a slight (摇动). 81．There are tall buildings on both sides of the (道路). 82．The audience stayed (安静的) until the (节奏) of the drums started. 83．Do you know the right (方向) of the train station? 84．You must carry your (护照) when you travel to another country. 85．A number of (警察) worked very hard to keep the important meeting safe. 86．The little boy cut his finger carelessly and b a lot. 87．The keyboard of a computer is the set of keys that you p in order to do something. 88．It’s raining h . We have to do some reading at home. 89．The song sounds very nice. Can you g who is singing? 90．Bruce, put on the h to keep your head away from the cold weather. 91．Mr Green can’t come to the meeting, because he has an a in his left leg. 92．“The police are here,” she said in a low v . 93．During the storm, the l lit up the whole sky. 94．His heart b faster when he heard the good news. 95．A lot of (office) from Japan visited the factory. 96．J. K. Rowling got the idea of writing Harry Potter when she (travel) on a train to London in the summer of 1990. 97．The new mother was her baby carefully in her arms. (bath) 98．When the teacher came in, she found the students (clean) the classroom. 99．While we (play) football on the playground, it suddenly began to rain. 100．He waited n for the interview results. 2 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 1 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 8 Safe and sound 重点单词短语词性转换巩固复习练100题（乱序版） 说明：此专题分三个难度层次，基础入门训练<进阶拓展训练< 能力综合实践，老师根据学生实际情况进行针对性难度训练。 基础入门训练30题 1．The library is (靠近) the post office. 【答案】close to 【详解】句意：图书馆离邮局很近。靠近：close to，为固定搭配。故填close to。 2． (迄今为止), we have received fifty applications. 【答案】So far 【详解】句意：迄今为止，我们已经收到了五十份申请。迄今为止：so far，固定短语，句首单词首字母大写。故填So far。 3．The government is trying to help (无家可归的人). 【答案】homeless people 【详解】句意：政府正设法帮助无家可归的人。无家可归的人：homeless people，为固定搭配。故填homeless people。 4．It took the firefighters an hour to (扑灭) the fire. 【答案】 put out 【详解】句意：消防队员花了一个小时才扑灭了火。put out“扑灭”，动词短语，to后接动词原形。故填put；out。 5．It’s very important to help the children to know (道路) safety. 【答案】road 【详解】句意：帮助孩子们了解道路安全非常重要。“道路”用英文表达为“road”， “道路安全”是“road safety”，此处用名词作定语修饰“safety”。故填road。 6．Everyone in the classroom should feel guilty about the untidy (状态) of the classroom. 【答案】state 【详解】句意：教室里的每个人都应该为教室的脏乱状态感到愧疚。state“状态”，在此处作介词“about”后的宾语。故填state。 7．—Will you drive to Nanjing tomorrow? —No. I will go there by (长途汽车) instead. 【答案】coach 【详解】句意：——你明天会开车去南京吗？——不。我打算改坐长途汽车去那儿。coach“长途汽车”，by coach“乘坐长途汽车”。故填coach。 8．This morning, Sam ate some food which went bad and now his stomach is (疼痛). 【答案】aching 【详解】句意：今天早上，Sam吃了一些变质的食物，现在他的胃很疼。根据汉语提示可知，ache“疼痛”，动词，结合空前的is可知，此处是现在进行时，结构是be doing，所以空处用动词的现在分词形式。故填aching。 9．—I can hear some (喊叫) from the children. What’s up? —Let’s go and see what is happening. 【答案】shouts 【详解】句意：——我能听到来自孩子们的一些喊叫声。怎么回事？——咱们去看看正在发生什么吧。根据汉语提示可知，shout“喊叫”，名词，根据“some”可知，其后应用名词复数，shout的复数形式为shouts。故填shouts。 10．I felt (焦虑的) because it was my first time speaking to the whole school. 【答案】nervous 【详解】句意：我感到很焦虑，因为这是我第一次向全校师生讲话。根据汉语提示可知，“焦虑的”英文表达是“nervous”，这是一个形容词，在句中作felt的表语，描述主语I的感受。故填nervous。 11．My elder sister always (警告) me not to swim in the river alone when I was young. 【答案】warned 【详解】句意：我小时候，姐姐总是警告我不要独自在河里游泳。根据“My elder sister always…me not to swim in the river alone when I was young”可知，when I was young表示过去的时间，句子需用一般过去时；“警告”的英文是warn，其过去式为warned，符合语境。故填warned。 12．P the button to start the machine. 【答案】(P)ress 【详解】句意：按下这个按钮来启动机器。结合首字母提示和“the button to start the machine”可知，此处指按这个按钮来启动机器，press“按”，句子为祈使句，用动词原形，句首字母大写。故填(P)ress。 13．A true gentleman should keep s while watching a chess game. 【答案】(s)ilent 【详解】句意：真正的绅士在观看棋赛时应保持安静。根据“should keep … while watching a chess game”及首字母可知，观棋不语真君子，此处需用形容词silent，意为“安静的”；keep silent“保持安静”，符合语境。故填(s)ilent。 14．The boy fell off the high tree. Luckily, he wasn’t badly h . 【答案】(h)urt 【详解】句意：那个男孩从高树上摔了下来。幸运的是，他没有受重伤。根据“The boy fell off the high tree.”以及“Luckily”可知，此处指他没有受重伤，be hurt“受伤”，为固定短语，符合语境。故填(h)urt。 15．In an e , you should call 120 for help immediately. 【答案】(e)mergency 【详解】句意：遇到紧急情况，请立即拨打120寻求帮助。根据“you should call 120 for help immediately”和首字母提示可知，此处表达在“紧急情况”下，in an emergency“在紧急情况下” ，介词短语。故填(e)mergency。 16．My friend will arrive by plane at two o’clock this afternoon, and I’ll go to the a to pick him up. 【答案】(a)irport 【详解】句意：我的朋友今天下午两点乘飞机到达，我要去机场接他。根据首字母提示和“My friend will arrive by plane at two o’clock this afternoon”可知，此处表示要去机场接朋友。名词airport“机场”符合语境。故填(a)irport。 17．She works as a r for a local newspaper. 【答案】(r)eporter 【详解】句意：她在一家地方报社担任记者。根据“She works as”和“for a local newspaper.”可知，她应该是一名“记者”，reporter“记者”，根据“a”可知，空格处填可数名词单数。故填(r)eporter。 18．The plane flew higher and higher. At last it (disappear) in the sky. 【答案】disappeared 【详解】句意：飞机飞得越来越高，最后在天空中消失了。根据“At last”以及“flew”可知，句子讲述的是过去发生的动作，句子时态用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式disappeared。故填disappeared。 19．His pet dog (die) yesterday. 【答案】died 【详解】句意：他的宠物狗昨天死了。根据时间状语“yesterday”可知，句子为一般过去时，谓语动词需用过去式；所给动词“die”的过去式为“died”。故填died。 20．Jim (chat) on the Internet while Mom was cooking. 【答案】was chatting 【详解】句意：当妈妈正在做饭时，Jim正在网上聊天。chat“聊天”，是动词，根据“while”和“was cooking”可知此处句子时态为过去进行时，表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生，其谓语结构为“was/were+doing”，而主语Jim为第三人称单数，所以be动词应用was，故填was；chatting。 21．Both of Mr. Wang’s sons are (policeman). 【答案】policemen 【详解】句意：王先生的两个儿子都是警察。根据“Both of Mr. Wang’s sons are...(policeman).”可知，两个儿子都是警察，空处应是policeman的复数形式policemen。故填policemen。 22．“Oh, it’s time to have supper. Where can I get my food?” she said to (she). 【答案】herself 【详解】句意：“哦，该吃晚饭了。我能在哪里拿到我的食物呢？” 她自言自语道。根据“she said to…”可知，say to oneself表示“自言自语”，此处需用she的反身代词herself，符合语境。故填herself。 23．Are you looking for your lost things? Come to our (办事处) and have a look. 【答案】office 【详解】句意：你在寻找丢失的物品吗？来我们办事处看一看吧。office“办事处”，根据“ Come to our...”可知，指的是一个办事处，填可数名词单数。故填office。 24．My sister is good at singing. She has a good (嗓音). 【答案】voice 【详解】句意：我妹妹擅长唱歌。她有一副好嗓子。voice表示“嗓音”，是名词。根据a可知，名词用单数。故填voice。 25．The marathon aims to (筹集) money for (无家可归的) people. 【答案】 raise homeless 【详解】句意：马拉松旨在为无家可归的人筹集资金。根据题意和汉语提示可知，raise“筹集”，to后接动词原形，homeless“无家可归的”，形容词修饰名词people。故填raise；homeless。 26．You can (猜测) the meaning of new words when reading. 【答案】guess 【详解】句意：你可以在阅读时猜测新单词的意思。guess“猜测”，情态动词can后跟动词原形。故填guess。 27．The (邮递员) brings letters every day. 【答案】postman 【详解】句意：邮递员每天送信。“邮递员”postman，根据“The...brings...”可知，此处应用名词单数。故填postman。 28．It snowed (大量地) last night. 【答案】heavily 【详解】句意：昨晚雪下地很大。根据所给汉语提示可知，空格处需副词来修饰动词snowed；“大量地”常见英文表达为heavily。故填heavily。 29．When the fire started, people ran (向着四面八方). 【答案】in all directions 【详解】句意：火灾发生时，人们向四面八方跑去。根据“When the fire started, people ran...”以及汉语提示“向着四面八方”可知，此处需要表达“朝各个方向”的含义。短语in all directions 意为“朝向四面八方；朝各个方向”，符合语境。故填in all directions。 30．The victim was hurt with a knife and (流血) to death as a result. 【答案】bled 【详解】句意：受害者被刀刺伤，结果流血致死。根据“and”可知，此处与“was hurt”为并列谓语，所以横线处需填动词的过去式，流血“bleed”，动词，其过去式为bled。故填bled。 进阶拓展训练30题 31．The little boy would cower under the table when there was (闪电). 【答案】lightning 【详解】句意：当有闪电时，这个小男孩会蜷缩在桌子底下。根据汉语提示可知，闪电“lightning”，不可数名词，在句中作主语。故填lightning。 32．My health has improved (自从……以来) I started to do exercise in the morning. 【答案】since 【详解】句意：自从我开始早上锻炼以来，我的健康状况已经改善了。since“自从……以来”，连词。故填since。 33．She explained to them what to do in an (紧急情况) at the last meeting. 【答案】emergency 【详解】句意：她在上次会议上向他们解释了在紧急情况下该做什么。根据汉语提示可知，emergency“紧急情况”，可数名词，此处用单数形式，作介词in的宾语。故填emergency。 34．It was very foggy yesterday, so there were a number of (事故) in the street. 【答案】accidents 【详解】句意：昨天雾很大，所以街上发生了多起事故。根据“It was very foggy yesterday, so there were a number of…” 可知，a number of后接可数名词复数，“事故”的英文是accident，其复数形式为 accidents，符合语境。故填accidents。 35．They had remained (安静的) until they were well away from the house. 【答案】silent 【详解】句意：他们一直保持安静，直到离房子很远。根据“had remained”可知，remain为系动词，后接形容词作表语，安静的“silent”，为形容词。故填silent。 36．After the heavy snow, people were trying to c the snow from the streets. 【答案】(c)lear 【详解】句意：大雪过后，人们正努力清除街道上的积雪。根据“After the heavy snow, people were trying to...the snow from the streets.”以及首字母提示可知，此处表示人们正努力清除街道上的积雪。clear“清除”，用动词原形，和前面的to一起构成动词不定式。故填(c)lear。 37．S he is an honest man, I think he’s telling the truth. 【答案】(S)ince 【详解】句意：因为他是个诚实的人，所以我认为他说的是真话。根据“he is an honest man”和“I think he’s telling the truth”之间的因果关系，以及首字母提示可知，此处应用Since。Since表示“因为”，符合语境。故填(S)ince。 38．I wonder i you can help me with my Maths. 【答案】(i)f 【详解】句意：我想知道你是否能在数学方面帮助我。“I wonder...”意思是“我想知道……” ，后面常接if或whether引导的宾语从句，表示不确定的事情；结合首字母，此处用“if”引导宾语从句，意思是“是否”，表示“我不确定你是否能在数学方面帮助我”这样一种疑问和不确定的语气。故填(i)f。 39．The heavy rain created a difficult s for drivers on the road. 【答案】(s)ituation 【详解】句意：这场大雨给路上的司机造成了困难的局面。根据首字母“s”及“The heavy rain created a difficult... for drivers on the road”可知，这里需要一个表示“局面、状况”的名词，situation是可数名词，表示“局面、状况”，空前有不定冠词a，用单数形式即可，符合语境。故填(s)ituation。 40．The shop is c on weekends, so we can’t go shopping. 【答案】(c)losed 【详解】句意：这家商店周末关门，所以我们不能去购物。根据“so we can’t go shopping”和首字母可知，这家商店周末关门。closed“关闭的”，形容词作表语。故填(c)losed。 41．When the e happened, everyone followed the safety instructions. 【答案】(e)mergency 【详解】句意：紧急情况发生时，大家都遵循了安全指示。根据“everyone followed the safety instructions”和首字母提示可知，此处表达“紧急情况”发生，“the emergency” 表示特指的紧急情况。故填(e)mergency。 42．We need to h the soup before we eat it. 【答案】(h)eat 【详解】句意：我们在喝汤之前需要把汤加热。根据首字母“h”以及语境“在喝汤之前”可推测，此处应表示“加热“汤，“heat”有“加热”的意思；“need to do sth.”是固定用法，表示“需要做某事”，所以这里要用动词原形“heat”。故填(h)eat。 43．She spoke in a low voice because of f of waking the baby. 【答案】(f)ear 【详解】句意：由于害怕吵醒婴儿，她低声说话。根据首字母“f”以及“She spoke in a low voice”可推断，这里说的是因为害怕吵醒婴儿所以低声说话；“fear”意为“害怕，恐惧”，“because of fear of...”是固定表达，表示“由于害怕……”，故填(f)ear。 44．You’d better a eating too much junk food. It is bad for your health. 【答案】(a)void 【详解】句意：你最好避免吃太多垃圾食品。它对你的健康有害。根据首字母“a”及“eating too much junk food”可知，此处指“避免”，对应的英文单词是avoid；“had better”后接动词原形，因此用avoid的原形即可，符合语境。故填(a)void。 45．I’m used to paying for almost everything with my phone, i food, tickets and clothes. 【答案】including/ncluding 【详解】句意：我习惯用手机支付几乎所有东西，包括食物、票和衣服。根据“paying for almost everything”和“food, tickets and clothes”以及首字母可推断，此处说的是包含的内容。including“包括”，介词。故填including。 46．When I woke up last night, we both kept s about the matter, for it was a secret between us. 【答案】(s)ilent 【详解】句意：昨晚我醒来时，我们都对这件事保持沉默，因为这是我们之间的秘密。“keep+形容词”表示“保持……状态”，结合“secret”以及首字母s可知是保持“沉默的”，“silent”意为“沉默的”。故填(s)ilent。 47．Suzy did what she could to c the little boy down, but he was too excited. 【答案】calm/alm 【详解】句意：苏西尽其所能让小男孩平静下来，但他太兴奋了。“calm down”是固定短语，意为“使平静下来”，此处是动词不定式表目的，“to”后接动词原形，“calm”意为“使平静”。故填calm。 48．It was his first time making a speech, so he felt a little bit n . 【答案】nervous/ervous 【详解】句意：这是他第一次演讲，所以他感觉有点紧张。根据“It was his first time making a speech, so he felt a little bit n…”可知，第一次演讲通常会让人有紧张的感受，结合首字母“n”提示，“紧张的”英文是nervous，符合语境。故填nervous。 49．We should always follow the t rules to keep safe on the road. 【答案】traffic/raffic 【详解】句意：我们应当始终遵守交通规则，以确保在道路上的安全。根据“We should always follow the...rules to keep safe on the road.”和首字母t可知，为了确保道路安全，要始终遵守交通规则，traffic rules“交通规则”。故填traffic。 50．—I am glad your voice (sound) better now! —I had a good rest this week and I drank a lot of water. 【答案】sounds 【详解】句意：——我很高兴你的声音现在听起来好多了！——我这周休息得很好，喝了很多水。sound“听起来”。根据“I am glad your voice...better now!”可知，此处句子时态为一般现在时，且空格处为省略引导词that的宾语从句的谓语动词，主语your voice为第三人称单数，故此处应用动词的三单形式sounds。故填sounds。 51．—Why did the policeman stop your car? —I (make) a call at that moment. 【答案】was making 【详解】句意：——警察为什么拦你的车？——那时我正在打电话。根据“at that moment”可知，此处应用过去进行时，其结构为“was/were+现在分词”，主语是“I”，be动词用“was”，“make”的现在分词是“making”。故填was making。 52．I’m sorry that I didn’t hear what you said just now because I (listen) to music. 【答案】was listening 【详解】句意：很抱歉刚才没听到你说的话，因为我在听音乐。根据“I didn’t hear what you said just now because I...to music”可知空格处为从句的谓语动词，需与主句“didn’t hear”的过去时间呼应，且“听音乐”是导致“没听见”的原因动作，强调当时正在进行（was/were + doing）。故填was listening。 53．When I got home, my pet dog (lie) on the floor. 【答案】was lying 【详解】句意：当我到家时，我的宠物狗正躺在地板上。lie“躺”，根据“When I got home”可知，此处表示当我到家时，我的宠物狗正躺在地板上，用过去进行时，主语my pet dog是第三人称单数形式，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填was lying。 54．When I saw Mr Wang, he (write) a report. 【答案】was writing 【详解】句意：当我看到王先生时，他正在写一份报告。根据“When I saw Mr Wang, he...”可知空格处需填入谓语动词，描述“看到王先生”时他正在进行的动作，用过去进行时（was/were + doing）。主语“he”，动词用was。故填was writing。 55．How many (coach) are there in the square? 【答案】coaches 【详解】句意：广场上有多少名教练？“how many”意思是“多少”，用于询问可数名词的数量，后面接可数名词复数形式；“coach”意为“教练”，是可数名词，其复数形式是“coaches”。故填coaches。 56．I (mop) up the water at this time yesterday. 【答案】was mopping 【详解】句意：昨天这个时候我正在擦水。mop“擦拭”，动词原形，根据时间状语“at this time yesterday”可知，本句为过去进行时态，过去进行时态的结构为was/were+doing，主语为“I”，应用was，mop的现在分词形式为mopping。故填was mopping。 57．The (beat) team promised to work harder next time. 【答案】beaten 【详解】句意：被打败的队答应下次更加努力。根据“The…(beat) team promised to work harder next time.”可知，此处是指被打败的队，应用形容词beaten“被打败的”修饰名词team。故填beaten。 58．You need to watch the situation (close). 【答案】closely 【详解】句意：你需要密切关注形势。根据“You need to watch the situation…(close).”可知，此处应用形容词close的副词形式closely“严密地”修饰动词watch。故填closely。 59．This is the most interesting news (report) I’ve read this week. 【答案】report 【详解】句意：这是我这周读到的最有趣的新闻报道。根据“This is the most interesting news…(report) I’ve read this week.”可知，此处表示“新闻报道”，空处应填名词，用report。故填report。 60．It’s important to stay calm in a difficult (situate). 【答案】situation 【详解】句意：在困难的情况下保持冷静很重要。根据“in a difficult”可知，空处用名词单数形式situation“情况”。故填situation。 能力综合实践40题 61．Can you tell me the (direct) to the nearest hospital? 【答案】direction 【详解】句意：你可以告诉我去最近的医院的方向吗？根据“Can you tell me the...”，可知，此处要用direct的名词形式direction。the direction to...意为 “去……的方向”。故填direction。 62．The teacher asked the students to keep (silence) during the exam. 【答案】silent 【详解】句意：老师要求学生们在考试期间保持安静。keep是系动词，其后跟形容词作表语，silent意为“沉默的”。故填silent。 63．We do not allow (smoke) in the library. 【答案】smoking 【详解】句意：我们不允许在图书馆里吸烟。allow“允许；准许”，动词，其固定用法为“allow doing sth.”，表示“允许做某事”，后接动名词作宾语。“smoke”的动名词形式是“smoking”。故填smoking。 64．We should learn from Tom’s bravery when facing an (emergent). 【答案】emergency 【详解】句意：面对紧急情况时，我们应该学习汤姆的勇敢。 “an”后接可数名词单数，“emergent”是形容词，其名词形式是“emergency”，意为“紧急情况”。故填emergency。 65．They knew they had done something (terrible) wrong and lied to cover it up. 【答案】terribly 【详解】句意：他们知道自己做了非常严重的错事，还撒谎来掩盖。根据“they had done something...(terrible) wrong”可知，空处修饰形容词wrong，应使用terrible的副词形式terribly“非常”。故填terribly。 66．A big earthquake hit Türkiye last month, and it made many people become (home). 【答案】homeless 【详解】句意：上个月，土耳其发生了一场大地震，导致许多人无家可归。根据“A big earthquake hit Türkiye last month, and it made many people become...(home).”可知，地震让许多人无家可归，空处应是形容词homeless“无家可归的”，作表语。故填homeless。 67．There will be a talk on (nature) disasters in the school hall this afternoon. 【答案】natural 【详解】句意：今天下午学校礼堂将有一场关于自然灾害的讲座。nature“自然”，名词，此处修饰名词disasters，要用形容词形式，nature形容词为natural。故填natural。 68．This morning, a car hit a tree and the driver (hurt) badly. 【答案】was hurt 【详解】句意：今天早上，一辆汽车撞到了树上，司机受了重伤。根据“This morning, a car hit a tree and the driver...(hurt) badly.”可知，司机在事故中受伤，表示“被动”，用be hurt“受伤”，事情发生在过去，用一般过去时，主语是第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was hurt。 69．I (do) my homework when the doorbell (ring). 【答案】 was doing rang 【详解】句意：门铃响的时候，我正在做我的家庭作业。 根据“I…my homework when the doorbell…”可知，when引导的时间状语从句中，主句常用过去进行时“was/were+动词现在分词”表示“某个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行”，从句用一般过去时；主语I搭配was，do的现在分词是doing，ring的过去式是rang，符合语境。故填was doing；rang。 70．Mr Smith (give) a report to the students between 8 a. m. and 9 a. m. yesterday. 【答案】was giving 【详解】句意：史密斯先生昨天上午8点到9点之间正在给学生们做报告。根据“between 8 a. m. and 9 a. m. yesterday”可知，此处描述过去某一时间段正在发生的动作，需用过去进行时“was/were+doing”结构，主语Mr Smith是第三人称单数，be动词用was，give的现在分词是giving。故填was giving。 71．He (trap) in the dark, unable to see anything around. 【答案】was trapped 【详解】句意：他被困在黑暗中，看不到周围的任何东西。“he”和“trap”是被动关系，且描述过去的状态，用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为“was/were+过去分词”，“trap”的过去分词是“trapped”，主语是“he”，故用“was trapped”。故填was trapped。 72．He (read) an English book when I walked past his house yesterday. 【答案】was reading 【详解】句意：昨天我路过他家时，他正在读一本英语书。“when”引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，主句表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，结构为“was/were+现在分词”，主语是“he”，“read”的现在分词是“reading”，故用“was reading”。故填was reading。 73．The school football team was (luck) to lose yesterday’s match. 【答案】unlucky 【详解】句意：学校足球队昨天输掉了比赛，真是不幸。根据“The school football team was...to lose yesterday’s match.”可知，横线处需填一个形容词来描述足球队输掉比赛这一情况，luck“运气”，名词，其形容词形式为lucky“幸运的”，根据句意，此处应表达“不幸的”，所以用lucky的反义词unlucky。故填unlucky。 74．We don’t know whether the poor boy is (live) or dead after the earthquake. 【答案】alive 【详解】句意：我们不知道这个可怜的男孩在地震后是生是死。根据“is ... or dead”可知，此处是“is”后接形容词作表语与“dead”形成并列关系，表示“活着的”这一状态，live“生活”，动词，其形容词形式为alive，意为“活着的”。故填alive。 75．Finally, the old man got to the right place (safe) after ten hours’ drive. 【答案】safely 【详解】句意：最终，这位老人在开了十个小时的车后安全到达了正确的地方。根据“got to the right place”可知，此处需要一个副词来修饰动词短语，safe“安全的”，形容词，其副词形式为safely。故填safely。 76．The little girl was too excited (calm) down when she heard the good news. 【答案】to calm 【详解】句意：当这个小女孩听到这个好消息时，她太兴奋了以至于无法平静下来。根据“too excited”和“down”可知，此处考查固定搭配“too...to...”，表示“太……以至于不能……”，所以横线处需填动词不定式，calm“使平静”，动词，其不定式形式为to calm。故填to calm。 77．I was so tired that I fell asleep while I (watch) TV last night. 【答案】was watching 【详解】句意：昨晚我太累了，以至于在看电视的时候睡着了。根据“I was so tired that I fell asleep while I…TV last night”可知，while引导的时间状语从句中，强调主句动作fell asleep发生时，从句动作“看电视”正在进行；主句用一般过去时，从句需用过去进行时“was/were+动词现在分词”，主语I搭配was，watch的现在分词是watching，符合语境。故填was watching。 78．It rained (heavy) last night, so the road was full of water. 【答案】heavily 【详解】句意：昨晚雨下得很大，所以路上到处都是水。根据“It rained...”以及所给单词可知，应填heavy的副词形式heavily“猛烈地”，作状语，修饰动词rained，表示雨下得很大。故填heavily。 79．At present, over 50 countries in the world, China, Australia and South Africa, use cloud seeding to increase rainfall in their dry regions. (include) 【答案】including 【详解】句意：目前，世界上超过50个国家，包括中国、澳大利亚和南非，使用人工增雨来增加干旱地区的降雨量。include“包括”，根据句子结构可知，此处需要一个介词来连接China, Australia and South Africa与前面的句子，表示这些国家是包含在over 50 countries之中的，include的介词形式为including。故填including。 80．When the earthquake happened, I felt a slight (摇动). 【答案】shake 【详解】句意：地震发生时，我感到轻微的摇晃。摇动“shake”，名词，a后面接名词单数。故填shake。 81．There are tall buildings on both sides of the (道路). 【答案】road 【详解】句意：道路的两旁都有高楼大厦。道路：road，根据“There are tall buildings on both sides of the….” 可知，此处表示道路的两边有很多高楼大厦，故填road。 82．The audience stayed (安静的) until the (节奏) of the drums started. 【答案】 silent rhythm 【详解】句意：观众们一直保持安静的，直到鼓的节奏开始。silent“安静的”，形容词作表语；rhythm“节奏”，名词作主语。故填silent；rhythm。 83．Do you know the right (方向) of the train station? 【答案】direction 【详解】句意：你知道火车站的正确方向吗？“方向”direction，此处用单数，故填direction。 84．You must carry your (护照) when you travel to another country. 【答案】passport 【详解】句意：当你去另一个国家旅行时，你必须携带你的护照。“护照”的英文是passport，根据your可知，此处用名词的单数形式，passport译为“护照”。故填passport。 85．A number of (警察) worked very hard to keep the important meeting safe. 【答案】policemen 【详解】句意：许多警察非常努力地工作以确保重要会议的安全。根据“A number of...worked very hard to keep the important meeting safe.”以及汉语提示可知，此处应填入“警察”的英文表达。a number of表示“许多”，后接可数名词复数，“警察”对应的英文是“policeman”，其复数形式是“policemen”。故填policemen。 86．The little boy cut his finger carelessly and b a lot. 【答案】(b)led 【详解】句意：小男孩不小心割破了手指，流了很多血。根据“cut his finger carelessly”和首字母提示可知，此处应指手指割破了，流了很多血，bleed“流血”，句子时态为一般过去时，此处要用动词过去式，bleed的过去式为bled。故填(b)led。 87．The keyboard of a computer is the set of keys that you p in order to do something. 【答案】(p)ress 【详解】句意：计算机的键盘是你为了做某事而按下的一组键。根据“The keyboard of a computer”可知，计算机上的键盘是需要按的。press“按”，动词，时态是一般现在时，主语是you，动词用原形。故填(p)ress。 88．It’s raining h . We have to do some reading at home. 【答案】(h)eavily 【详解】句意：雨下得很大。我们不得不在家看书。根据“It’s raining...We have to do some reading at home.”可知，空格处需要副词修饰动词raining，结合首字母“h”，“heavily”“猛烈地”符合，表示“雨下得大”，符合语境。故填(h)eavily。 89．The song sounds very nice. Can you g who is singing? 【答案】(g)uess 【详解】句意：这首歌听起来非常好听。你能猜猜是谁在唱吗？根据“The song sounds very nice. Can you...who is singing?”可知，此处需要填入一个动词原形，表示“猜测”的动作。句首的“Can you”表明这是一个一般疑问句，动词需用原形。结合首字母“g”，guess符合语境，表示“猜测”的意思。故填(g)uess。 90．Bruce, put on the h to keep your head away from the cold weather. 【答案】(h)at 【详解】句意：布鲁斯，戴上帽子，让你的头远离寒冷的天气。根据“put on the...to keep your head away from the cold weather.”以及首字母“h”，“hat”意为“帽子”，帽子能保护头部抵御寒冷，符合语境。故填(h)at。 91．Mr Green can’t come to the meeting, because he has an a in his left leg. 【答案】(a)che 【详解】句意：格林先生不能来参加会议了，因为他的左腿疼。根据“Mr Green can’t come to the meeting, because he has an...in his left leg.”以及首字母“a”可推知，此处应填入一个以“a”开头、表示“伤”或“疼痛”的名词。“ache”表示“疼痛”，“have an ache in+身体部位”是常用表达，用于描述身体部位疼痛。故填(a)che。 92．“The police are here,” she said in a low v . 【答案】(v)oice 【详解】句意：“警察来了，”她低声说。根据首字母和句中“she said in a low”可知，此处是说她低声说，in a low voice“低声地”，voice“嗓音”，故填(v)oice。 93．During the storm, the l lit up the whole sky. 【答案】(l)ightning 【详解】句意：暴风雨期间，闪电照亮了整个天空。根据“During the storm, the…lit up the whole sky.”可知，此处应填入一种与暴风雨相关且能发光的自然现象。结合首字母提示，应填入名词lightning，意为“闪电”。故填(l)ightning。 94．His heart b faster when he heard the good news. 【答案】(b)eat 【详解】句意：当他听到这个好消息时，他的心跳加快了。根据“His heart b... faster”可知，是指心跳加快，beat“跳动”，根据“heard”可知，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式beat。故填(b)eat。 95．A lot of (office) from Japan visited the factory. 【答案】officers/officials 【详解】句意：许多来自日本的官员参观了这家工厂。office“办公室”，根据“A lot of...from Japan”可知，此处应表示许多来自日本的官员，officer/official“官员”，可数名词，a lot of“许多”，后面接可数名词复数。故填officers/officials。 96．J. K. Rowling got the idea of writing Harry Potter when she (travel) on a train to London in the summer of 1990. 【答案】was travelling/was traveling 【详解】句意：J. K. 罗琳在1990年夏天乘坐火车前往伦敦的途中产生了创作《哈利·波特》的想法。根据“J. K. Rowling got the idea of writing Harry Potter when she…on a train to London in the summer of 1990.”可知，句子描述的是过去某个时间点正在进行的动作，因此需要使用过去进行时。过去进行时的结构为：was/were + 动词的现在分词形式。主语是she，所以助动词用was；动词travel的现在分词为travelling或traveling。故填：was travelling/was traveling。 97．The new mother was her baby carefully in her arms. (bath) 【答案】bathing 【详解】句意：这位新妈妈正在她的臂弯里小心地给她的宝宝洗澡。bath“给……洗澡”，动词；根据“was”可知，此处需要用bath的现在分词形式bathing，与was构成过去进行时。故填bathing。 98．When the teacher came in, she found the students (clean) the classroom. 【答案】cleaning/were cleaning 【详解】句意：当老师进来时，她发现学生们正在打扫教室。根据空格前“When the teacher came in, she found the students…”可知，此处考查固定结构find sb. doing sth.“发现某人正在做某事”，强调老师进来时，打扫教室正在发生，应用clean的现在分词形式cleaning。另外，分析句子结构可知，“she found”为主谓结构，“found”是及物动词，后接省略引导词that的宾语从句；根据“When the teacher came in”可知，动作正在发生，应用过去进行时“were cleaning”对应主句谓语“found”。故填cleaning/were cleaning。 99．While we (play) football on the playground, it suddenly began to rain. 【答案】were playing 【详解】句意：当我们在操场上踢足球时，突然开始下雨了。 根据“While we...football on the playground, it suddenly began to rain.”以及所给单词可知，时态为过去进行时。while引导时间状语从句时，从句常使用进行时，表示在一个动作进行期间，另一个动作发生了；根据“began”可知，动作发生在过去。主语是we，be动词用were；play的现在分词形式为playing。故填were playing。 100．He waited n for the interview results. 【答案】(n)ervously 【详解】句意：他焦急地等待着面试结果。分析句子结构可知，此处缺一个副词修饰动词waited，根据句意及首字母n可知，“nervously焦急地”符合题意。故填(n)ervously。 10 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 15 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $