Unit8 Safe and sound单元测试卷（江苏南通专用)-2025-2026学年译林版英语八年级上册

Unit 8 Safe and sound 单元测试卷 （江苏南通专用，译林版2024） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 第I卷(选择题 共65分) 一、单项选择(本题共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1．I’m sorry I didn’t answer your call because I ________ music. A．listen to B．listening to C．was listening to D．am listening to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：很抱歉我没有接你的电话，因为（当时）我正在听音乐。 考查动词时态。listen to听，一般现在时；listening to听，现在分词形式；was listening to正在听，过去进行时；am listening to正在听，现在进行时。根据语境“I didn’t answer your call”（我没有接你的电话）可知，没有接电话的原因是过去某个时间点正在做另一件事，即“正在听音乐”，所以应该用过去进行时。故选C。 2．Mary ________ a Maths problem with her classmates after school yesterday. A．has discussed B．discussed C．was discussing D．discusses 【答案】B 【详解】句意：昨天放学后，玛丽和她的同学们讨论了一道数学题。 考查动词时态。根据句中的时间状语“yesterday”可知，句子时态用一般过去时，因此此处应用discussed。故选B。 3．The terrible flood hurt ________ people and ________ them lost their lives. A．thousands of; two hundreds of B．thousand of; two hundred C．thousand of; two hundred of D．thousands of; two hundred of 【答案】D 【详解】句意：可怕的洪水伤害了成千上万的人，其中两百人丧生。 考查数词用法。第一空表示不确定的数量，需用复数形式加of，即“thousands of”；第二空前有具体数字“two”，故“hundred”不加s，且“two hundred of them”表示“他们中的两百人”，需加of。故选D。 4．Clean energy is widely accepted as an important way to ________ environmental problems. A．deal with B．begin with C．pick up D．take up 【答案】A 【详解】句意：清洁能源被广泛认为是应对环境问题的重要方法。 考查动词短语辨析。deal with处理，应对；begin with以……开始；pick up捡起，学会；take up占据，开始从事。根据“Clean energy is widely accepted as an important way to…environmental problems”可知，此处指清洁能源是应对环境问题的重要方法。故选A。 5．—You have a large collection of books. That’s great! —Well, I have hundreds of books _______ some novels. A．includes B．including C．include D．included 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你有很多书的收藏。太棒了！——嗯，我有数百本书，包括一些小说。 考查介词including的用法。includes包括，动词第三人称单数；including包括，介词；include包括，动词原形；included包括，过去式和过去分词。空格后接名词短语“some novels”，需用介词表示“包括”，including符合此用法，故选B。 6．The traffic is so heavy! You should drive ________. A．as fast as possible B．as slower as possible C．as carefully as possible D．as careful as possible 【答案】C 【详解】句意：交通太拥挤了！你应该尽可能小心地开车。 考查副词辨析以及副词原级比较。as fast as possible尽可能快地；as slower as possible表述错误，as...as中间应该用形容词或副词的原级；as carefully as possible尽可能小心地；as careful as possible尽可能小心的。根据“The traffic is so heavy!”可知，交通拥挤，所以应该尽可能小心地开车，此处修饰动词drive，应该用副词carefully。故选C。 7．We are expected to check the papers carefully before handing them in ________ some careless mistakes. A．making B．to make C．to avoid D．avoiding 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们被期望在交卷之前仔细检查试卷，以避免一些粗心的错误。 考查非谓语动词及动词辨析。making制作，动名词或现在分词形式；to make制作，动词不定式；to avoid避免，动词不定式；avoiding避免，动名词或现在分词形式。根据语境可知，此处表示的是检查试卷的目的是为了避免犯错，所以应该用动词不定式表示目的，所以用to avoid。故选C。 8．—I’m really ________ before the Maths competition. —Take it easy. I think you are the best. A．cool B．serious C．nervous D．patient 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——在数学竞赛前我真的很紧张。——别紧张。我认为你是最棒的。 考查形容词词义辨析。cool凉爽的；serious严肃的；nervous紧张的；patient有耐心的。根据“before the Maths competition”以及“Take it easy.”可知，在数学竞赛前感到紧张，所以“nervous”符合语境。故选C。 9．I ________ my homework when my mother came in. A．is doing B．was doing C．were doing D．am doing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当我的妈妈进来时，我正在做家庭作业。 考查动词时态。is doing现在进行时；was doing过去进行时；were doing过去进行时；am doing现在进行时。从句“when my mother came in”为一般过去时，主句需要用过去进行时表示当时正在进行的动作，主语I为第一人称单数，故用was doing。故选B。 10．________ it is raining so heavily, we had better cancel the picnic. A．When B．Since C．After D．Until 【答案】B 【详解】句意：既然雨下得这么大，我们最好取消野餐。 考查连词辨析。When当……时候；Since既然；After在……之后；Until直到。根据题干可知，前半句表示原因，故用since引导原因状语从句。故选B。 二、完形填空(本题共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 An old farmer felt sad as he looked over his destroyed crops. A terrible storm had swept 11 the valley the night before, and his once 12 fields were now in a complete mess. His beans were all in the water. His 13 , a kind young man named Thomas who lived near him, came by to 14 a hand. “This is a disaster,” the farmer said. “My family has always been able to live on the harvests of the crops. I don’t know what to do now.” Thomas thought for a 15 . “I see this not as a disaster 16 as an opportunity,” he said 17 . The farmer 18 him in disbelief. “ 19 can this be an opportunity?” he asked. Thomas 20 . “Now you have a chance to try something new. You’ve always grown 21 . Why not try planting 22 crops?” he said. The farmer thought about this. Thomas was right—he had become set in his ways. This disaster could push 23 to make his farm sustainable in new ways. “You have given me hope again,” the farmer said. He clapped Thomas on the back. “Thank you for 24 me the opportunity in this difficulty. My farm will be better for it.” And so the farmer planted new crops and introduced more diversity to his farm. 25 the storm destroyed one harvest, it ended up saving more, for in every difficulty lies an opportunity, if we dare to see it. 11．A．from B．through C．in D．on 12．A．hopeful B．poor C．simple D．terrible 13．A．teacher B．brother C．neighbour D．visitor 14．A．take B．hold C．give D．catch 15．A．minute B．day C．week D．month 16．A．because B．so C．and D．but 17．A．sadly B．softly C．luckily D．angrily 18．A．looked at B．looked up C．looked over D．looked after 19．A．How B．What C．When D．Where 20．A．cried B．jumped C．smiled D．stopped 21．A．crops B．beans C．flowers D．trees 22．A．popular B．different C．useful D．interesting 23．A．him B．her C．it D．them 24．A．joining B．making C．having D．showing 25．A．As B．Whether C．If D．Although 【答案】 11．B 12．A 13．C 14．C 15．A 16．D 17．B 18．A 19．A 20．C 21．B 22．B 23．A 24．D 25．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了老农民庄稼被暴风雨毁坏后，邻居托马斯给予他新的思路和鼓励，帮助他重新振作并尝试种植不同的农作物。故事告诉我们，每个困难中都蕴含着机会，只要我们敢于去发现它。 11．句意：前一天晚上，一场可怕的风暴横扫了山谷，他曾经充满希望的田地现在一片狼藉。 from来自；through穿过；in在……里；on在……上。根据“A terrible storm had swept...the valley”可知，此处是指风暴穿过山谷，sweep through“席卷，横扫”，固定搭配。故选B。 12．句意：前一天晚上，一场可怕的风暴横扫了山谷，他曾经充满希望的田地现在一片狼藉。 hopeful充满希望的；poor贫穷的；simple简单的；terrible糟糕的。根据下文“My family has always been able to live on the harvests of the crops.”可知，农民的家人一直靠庄稼的收成生活，所以此处是指之前的田地应该是充满希望的，现在被破坏了。故选A。 13．句意：他的邻居，一个住在附近的善良年轻人托马斯，过来帮忙。 teacher老师；brother兄弟；neighbor邻居；visitor访客。根据下文“who lived near him”可知，年轻人是他的邻居。故选C。 14．句意：他的邻居，一个住在附近的善良年轻人托马斯，过来帮忙。 take带去；hold抓住；give给；catch捕获。give a hand“帮忙”，动词短语。故选C。 15．句意：托马斯思考了一会儿。 minute分钟；day白天；week星期；month月。根据“thought for a…”及常识可知，此处是指托马斯想了一会儿，for a minute“一会儿”，固定搭配。故选A。 16．句意：他轻声说：“我认为这不是一场灾难，而是一个机会。” because因为；so所以；and和，又；but但是。根据“not as a disaster…as an opportunity”可知，此处是指托马斯认为这不是灾难而是机会，not…but…“不是……而是……”，固定搭配。故选D。 17．句意：他轻声说：“我认为这不是一场灾难，而是一个机会。” sadly悲伤地；softly轻声地；luckily幸运地；angrily生气地。根据上文“My family has always been able to live on the harvests of the crops. I don’t know what to do now.”及语境可知，此处是指托马斯安慰农民，应是语气温和，给出自己的观点。故选B。 18．句意：农民难以置信地看着他。 looked at看着；looked up查阅；looked over 检查；looked after照顾。根据“…him in disbelief”可知，此处是指农民看着托马斯，对他说的话难以置信。故选A。 19．句意：他问道：“这怎么可能是一个机会呢？” How怎么；What什么；When什么时候；Where哪里。根据“…in disbelief”可知，农民难以理解这场灾难怎样能成为一个机会，即他不明白从灾难转变为机会的具体方式或逻辑，应用how提问，表示“怎么可能”。故选A。 20．句意：托马斯笑了。 cried哭；jumped跳；smiled微笑；stopped停止。根据上文可知，面对灾难，农民一筹莫展，而托马斯却认为是一个机会，所以此处应用“smiled”表示他的积极态度。故选C。 21．句意：你一直种豆子。 crops庄稼；beans豆子；flowers花；trees树。根据上文“His beans were all in the water.”可知，他的豆子都泡在水里，所以此处是指他一直种豆子。故选B。 22．句意：为什么不尝试种植不同的作物呢？ popular受欢迎的；different不同的；useful有用的；interesting有趣的。根据下文“…make his farm sustainable in new ways”可知，让他的农场以新的方式可持续发展，所以此处是指托马斯建议种不同的庄稼。故选B。 23．句意：这场灾难可以推动他尝试新的方式，使他的农场可持续发展。 him他；her她；it它；them他们。根据“make his farm sustainable”可知，此处是指这场灾难促使农民做出改变，用him指代。故选A。 24．句意：谢谢你向我展示了困难中的机会。 joining加入；making制作；having有；showing展示。根据空后“me the opportunity in this difficulty”可知，此处是指农民感谢托马斯向他展示困难中的机会。故选D。 25．句意：尽管风暴毁了一次收成，但它最终拯救了更多，因为在每一个困难中都隐藏着一个机会，只要我们敢于发现它。 As因为；Whether是否；If如果；Although尽管。分析句子结构可知，前后句子之间为让步关系，即尽管暴风雨摧毁了一次收成，但最终拯救了更多，应用although引导让步状语从句。故选D。 三、阅读理解(本题共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分) 第一节 请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A One morning, Roberta, Peter, and Phyllis went out to get wild cherries. When they arrived at the railway tunnel, they looked up at the trees above it. “What’s happening?” Peter said. “Look at the trees. They’re moving.” He was right. The trees were sliding down the hill. “It’s a landslide (滑坡),” Roberta said. “There has been a lot of rain. The earth is soft. It is moving and bringing the trees with it.” “They are going to fall on the railway line,” Phyllis said. “There’ll be an accident if the train hits them. We must stop the next train.” “How do we do that?” Peter said eagerly. “The next train is due at 11:29. That’s in five minutes. And the train is only about fifteen kilometres away.” “We can run towards the train and wave to the engine driver,” Phyllis said. “He won’t think there is anything wrong,” Roberta said. “We always wave to him.” “We need something red to wave,” Peter said. “Red is for danger.” “My petticoat is red,” Phyllis said. “I’ll tear pieces off.” She then tore strips from the bottom of her petticoat. “We need sticks to tie the strips to,” Peter said. The children ran to a nearby tree. With his knife, Peter cut off three thin branches. He tied each of the strips of the red petticoat to one of the branches. “Now we have red flags,” he said. “When we wave these, the engine driver will know something is wrong. He will stop the train and ask us what the matter is.” The children ran through the tunnel and waited on the other side for the train to come. Finally, the train arrived. The children waved their flags. Roberta was so excited that she fainted and lay on the ground. The engine driver saw the red flags and the children. He knew something was wrong. He stopped the train. A bad accident was prevented. —Adapted from The Railway Children 26．What caused the landslide? A．That the earth was moving because of a big train. B．That the tunnel was too big. C．That the children pushed down some trees. D．That the earth was soft because of the rain. 27．Why did the engine driver stop the train? A．He saw the trees on the line. B．He heard the station master shouting. C．He saw the red flags and the children. D．The passengers told him to stop. 28．What do you think of these children in this story? A．They are brave and clever. B．They are polite and helpful. C．They are generous and lovely. D．They are naughty and lively. 【答案】26．D 27．C 28．A 【导语】本文改编自《铁路少年》，讲述Roberta、Peter和Phyllis三个孩子发现因降雨导致山体滑坡，树木可能滑落至铁路线引发事故，他们急中生智，用红色衬裙布条制作警示旗，成功阻止火车，避免了一场严重事故的故事。 26．细节理解题。根据“‘It’s a landslide (滑坡),’ Roberta said. ‘There has been a lot of rain. The earth is soft. It is moving and bringing the trees with it.’”可知，滑坡是因为降雨导致土地变软。故选D。 27．细节理解题。根据“The engine driver saw the red flags and the children. He knew something was wrong. He stopped the train.”可知，火车司机是因为看到红旗和孩子们才停车的。故选C。 28．观点态度题。通读原文可知，孩子们发现危险后，勇敢且聪明地制作警示旗阻止火车，避免事故，所以他们是勇敢且聪明的。故选A。 B Have you ever been to the forest alone or with your friends during your holiday? If you go into the forest with your friends, stay with them. If you don’t, you may get lost. If you really get lost, this is what you should do. Sit down and stay where you are. Don’t try to find your friends—let them find you by staying in one place. What should you do when you are waiting? Give your friends or other nearby people a signal (信号) by shouting or whistling (吹口哨) three times. Stop. Then shout or whistle three times. Any signal given three times is a call for help. Keep up the shouting or whistling, always three times together. When people hear you, they will know that you are not just making noise for fun. They will let you know that they have heard your signal. They will give two shouts, two whistles or two gun shots (枪声). When someone gives such a signal, it is an answer to a call for help. If you don’t think that you will get help before night comes, try to make a little house with branches (树枝). Make yourself a soft bed with leaves and grasses. ▲ You have to leave your little branch house to look for a river. But remember don’t just walk away. Pick off small branches and drop them as you walk so that you can find your way back. 29．If you get lost in the forest, you’d better ________. A．try your best to find the right way out B．walk around and try to find somebody else C．stay in one place to wait for somebody for help D．stay in one place and give signals for help 30．You keep up the shouting or whistling three times together ________. A．to make sure someone else could hear you B．because you can let others follow you C．to let people know that you need help D．because it is an answer to a call for help 31．Which of the following sentences may be in the place “ ▲ ”? A．How can you get your way back? B．What should you do if you need to drink water? C．Do you have to wait there for someone? D．Where can you find a river? 32．The best title of the passage is ________. A．Living in A Forest B．How to Get Lost C．Don’t Go to the Forest D．What to Do When Getting Lost 【答案】29．D 30．C 31．B 32．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了在森林中迷路时应采取的应对措施，包括原地等待、发出求救信号以及搭建临时住所等。 29．细节理解题。根据文章第一段和第二段“Sit down and stay where you are…Give your friends or other nearby people a signal by shouting or whistling three times.”可知，迷路时应待在原地并发出求救信号。故选D。 30．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Any signal given three times is a call for help.”可知，连续三次发出声音是为了让别人知道你需要帮助。故选C。 31．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“You have to leave your little branch house to look for a river.”可推断，空格处应与“寻找水源”相关。B选项“如果你需要喝水该怎么办”最符合语境。故选B。 32．最佳标题题。全文围绕“迷路时的应对措施”展开，D选项“迷路时该怎么办”最能概括文章主旨。故选D。 C Natural disasters, such as earthquakes, rainstorms and strong winds, usually make a big difference to human life. They not only cause property (财产) loss but also take away people’s lives. Strong winds can be very terrible. On March 31st, 2024, strong winds hit Nanchang, Jiangxi province. The strong winds broke the windows into pieces and blew off three people sleeping at home, causing their deaths. What’s worse, more than 1,600 trees were blown down overnight. This deadly disaster was mainly caused by funnelling (狭管效应). When the earthquake happens, the ground and buildings will shake terribly. In serious situations, buildings may even fall down and will bury people in the ground. Recently, in Taiwan, the most powerful earthquake in a quarter century rocked the island on April 3rd. At least nine people were killed and hundreds of people were hurt. Another example is rainstorms. They can flood many places. Dubai lies on the coast of the Persian Gulf and in the northeast of the U. A．E. with a long and beautiful coastline. It doesn’t rain a lot. But on April 16th, a big rainstorm hit Dubai. It rained so much in just 12 hours that it was like a year’s worth of rain. The heavy rain flooded roads, shopping malls, and even airports, causing a lot of damage (破坏). To better deal with natural disasters, we need to make our disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief coordination system (防灾救灾机制) better. Also, people should learn ways to protect themselves when facing natural disasters. But most importantly, we should realize that we are not the master of nature, we need to care about it and respect (尊重) it. 33．How many pieces of news about natural disasters are mentioned? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 34．What kind of damage can an earthquake probably cause? A．It can blow down a lot of trees overnight. B．It can make buildings fall and kill people. C．It can flood many places like roads and airports. D．It can make plants die because of too little water. 35．How does the writer develop Paragraph 2? Mini-dictionary Facts are true statements. They include names, dates, events and numbers. Opinions tell what we believe, feel or think. They may not be true. A．Fact—Opinion—Way B．Fact—Way—Opinion C．Opinion—Fact—Reason D．Opinion—Reason—Fact 36．What might be talked about in the following paragraph? A．Why natural disasters can take away people’s lives. B．How we can respect nature and live better with it. C．Where we can learn about different natural disasters. D．Which kind of natural disasters is the most dangerous. 【答案】33．B 34．B 35．C 36．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了强风、地震、暴风雨等自然灾害的危害，以及人类应该如何应对它们。 33．细节理解题。根据“Strong winds...”、“When the earthquake happens...”和“Another example is rainstorms.”可知，文章一共提到了三种自然灾害的新闻。故选B。 34．细节理解题。根据“When the earthquake happens, the ground and buildings will shake terribly. In serious situations, buildings may even fall down and will bury people in the ground.”可知，地震会造成房屋的倒塌和人员的伤亡。故选B。 35．推理判断题。根据“Strong winds can be very terrible. On March 31st, 2024, strong winds hit Nanchang, Jiangxi province. The strong winds broke the windows into pieces and blew off three people sleeping at home, causing their deaths. What’s worse, more than 1,600 trees were blown down overnight. This deadly disaster was mainly caused by funnelling.”可知，本段第一句表述了作者认为“强风非常糟糕”的观点，接下来讲述了江西南昌遭受强风自然灾害的事实，最后说明了此次灾害发生的原因。故选C。 36．推理判断题。根据“But most importantly, we should realize that we are not the master of nature, we need to care about it and respect it.”可知，文章结尾告诉大家要关心和尊重大自然，所以推测接下来会讲述尊重大自然的方法，选项B“我们如何尊重大自然，更好地与之相处”符合。故选B。 D "Click!", That’s the sound of safety. That’s the sound of survival (幸存). That’s the sound of a seat belt locking in place. Seat belts save lives and that’s a fact. That’s why I must wear the seat belt at once when I get into car. It’s a choice between life and death (死亡). Imagine you’re in a car at 100 km per (每) hour or faster, then the driver in front of your car suddenly brakes (刹车), your body is still going at 100km per hour. Will it be the windshield (挡风玻璃) or your seat belt to stop your body? So, choose the seat belt. Some people think that seat belts are uncomfortable. If you are not wearing your seat belt, you can get in and out of your seat easily. However, when a car accident happens. you may get seriously hurt or even die. Wearing a seat belt does not make you safe all the time. But wearing seat belts has turned out to be safer than not wearing them. So why not take the safer way? 37．When the driver in front of your car suddenly brakes, ________. A．your driver has time to stop B．your car can always stop safely C．your body can stop immediately D．your seat belt can stop your body 38．What do you know from the passage? A．Wearing a seat belt is safer than not wearing it. B．Wearing a seat belt can’t make you safe. C．Wearing a seat belt makes you safe all the time. D．The driver can’t stop the car when it goes over 100 km per hour. 39．Which of the following would be the best title (标题) for the passage? A．Slow Down：Save Lives by Driving Slower B．Seat Belts：Wear Them to Survive in an Accident C．Get Ready：Check Your Seat Belt Before Driving D．Car Accidents：Ways That We Can Prevent (预防) Them 40．What is the writer’s main purpose (目的) in writing this passage? A．To teach readers how to wear the seat belt. B．To share some stories and jokes about seat belts. C．To describe some car accidents without seat belts. D．To ask readers to wear seat belts while they’re in a car. 【答案】37．D 38．A 39．B 40．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要强调了安全带的重要性。它指出，安全带是生存和安全的关键, 能够在紧急刹车时保护乘客免受严重伤害甚至死亡。尽管有些人认为安全带不舒服或不方便，但文章通过对比说明，在发生车祸时，安全带能够显著降低受伤风险。因此，作者呼吁每次乘车时都应该系好安全带，选择更安全的方式。 37．细节理解题。根据第二段“Imagine you’re in a car at 100 km per hour or faster, then the driver in front of your car suddenly brakes, your body is still going at 100km per hour.”想象你在一辆时速100公里或更快的车里，你车前面的司机突然停下来, 你的身体仍然以每小时100公里的速度行驶，由此可知，当你前面的司机突然刹车时，安全带可以阻止你的身体前倾。故选D。 38．细节理解题。根据第四段“But wearing seat belts has turned out to be safer than not wearing them.”可知，系安全带比不系安全带更安全。故选A。 39．最佳标题题。根据四段“Wearing a seat belt does not make you safe all the time. But wearing seat belts has turned out to be safer than not wearing them.”可知，系安全带并不能保证你的安全，系安全带比不系安全带更安全，由此可推断，选项B“安全带：系好安全带才能在事故中生还”符合文章主题。故选B。 40．主旨大意题。根据第四段“Wearing a seat belt does not make you safe all the time. But wearing seat belts has turned out to be safer than not wearing them.”系安全带并不能保证你的安全，系安全带比不系安全带更安全，再结合全文可知，本文的主旨是要求读者在乘车时系好安全带。故选D。 第二节 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的六个选项中选出五个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Lightning is one of nature’s light shows. It often happens in hot, wet places. Around the world, there are about 2,000 lightning storms happening at any given moment. It is a large electric flash of light, which is very hot. 41 This moving air makes a loud sound called thunder. Because light travels at greater speed than sound, we see the lightning before we hear the thunder. Lightning is fun to watch but dangerous. 42 When the lightning hits land, it can cause a fire. Many wildfires start because of summer lightning. Because the land, trees and grasses are dry, they burn easily. On the other hand, it also brings danger to human beings. During storms with lightning, the electric shocks (电击) could destroy buildings or kill people outside. Some people using something electric or wet may get hurt in their homes. 43 It is necessary to keep the following dos and don’ts in mind. Stay inside during storms with lightning. Stay away from windows. Do not take a shower when there is lightning. Do not wash your hands. Remind your parents not to use the washer. Lightning can go through water. 44 Stay indoors for a while to be sure the storm is over. Do not use anything that is electric. Lightning can go through wires (电线). Remind your parents to turn off TVs and computers. 45 Learn about it. Learn how to stay safe. Then you can enjoy nature’s light shows. A．Lightning is an exciting part of nature. B．On the one hand, it causes harm to earth. C．As soon as the rain stops, you can go outside. D．It heats the air around it and the hot air moves at high speed. E．Even after the rain stops, there can still be lightning. F．You need to know some facts about lightning to keep safe. 【答案】41．D 42．B 43．F 44．E 45．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了闪电是自然“光影秀”，说明其发生特点、与雷声的关系及引发火灾、电击的危险，给出室内避险等安全建议，帮助读者安全欣赏闪电。 41．根据后文“This moving air makes a loud sound called thunder.” 可知，这里在阐述闪电与空气流动的关系从而产生雷声，选项D“它使周围的空气升温，热空气快速流动。”符合语境，说明了闪电使空气升温流动，引出后文关于雷声的内容，故选D。 42．根据后文“When the lightning hits land, it can cause a fire...On the other hand, it also brings danger to human beings.”可知，这里在说明闪电带来的危害，选项B“一方面，它对地球造成危害。”符合语境，引出后文闪电带来危害的具体内容，故选B。 43．根据后文“It is necessary to keep the following dos and don’ts in mind.”可知，这里强调为了安全需要了解一些关于闪电的知识，选项F“为了保证安全，你需要了解一些关于闪电的事实。”符合语境，引出后文关于应对闪电的注意事项，故选F。 44．根据后文“Stay indoors for a while to be sure the storm is over.” 可知，这里说雨后也可能有闪电，不能马上出去，选项E“即使雨停了，仍然可能有闪电。”符合语境，说明雨停后仍有危险，所以要在室内多待一会，故选E。 45．根据后文“Learn about it. Learn how to stay safe. Then you can enjoy nature’s light shows.”可知，这里强调闪电虽危险但也是令人兴奋的一部分，选项A“闪电是大自然中令人兴奋的一部分。”符合语境，总结前文对闪电的描述，并引出后文关于了解闪电保障安全享受它的内容，故选A。 第Ⅱ卷(非选择题 共55分) 四、词汇运用(本题共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 请认真阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式，使短文通顺、连贯。 During the storm last night, the 46 (light) was very frightening. The thunder was so loud that it 47 (sound) like explosions. In such an 48 (emergency), it’s important to know what to do. Our teacher told us to stay inside and keep 49 (silence). Unfortunately, the 50 (heat) system in our school stopped working, and we felt very cold. We were worried about the 51 (home) people outside. When the storm became worse, some students started to 52 (shout) in 53 (fear). The teacher didn’t 54 (shout) at them but calmly showed us the 55 (direct) to the safer place underground. Finally, when the storm passed, we were all safe and sound. 【答案】 46．lightning 47．sounded 48．emergency 49．silent 50．heating 51．homeless 52．shout 53．fear 54．shout 55．direction 【导语】本文讲述了昨晚暴风雨期间的经历，描述了暴风雨中的景象、大家的反应以及老师的应对措施，最终大家都安然无恙。 46．句意：昨晚暴风雨期间，闪电非常吓人。the后接名词，根据“During the storm”可知，此处需要表示“闪电”的名词，lightning意为“闪电”。故填lightning。 47．句意：雷声如此之大，听起来像爆炸。根据“The thunder was so loud”可知，句子描述过去发生的事，时态为一般过去时，sound的过去式为sounded。故填sounded。 48．句意：在这样的紧急情况下，知道该做什么很重要。an后接可数名词单数，“emergency”本身是名词，意为 “紧急情况”，无需变形。故填emergency。 49．句意：我们的老师告诉我们待在室内并保持安静。“keep + 形容词”表示“保持……状态”，silence的形容词形式是silent。故填silent。 50．句意：不幸的是，我们学校的供暖系统停止工作了，我们感到非常冷。heating system意为“供暖系统”，heat的动名词形式是heating，作定语修饰“system”。故填 heating。 51．句意：我们担心外面无家可归的人。根据“people”可知，空格处填形容词作定语，home的形容词形式是homeless，意为“无家可归的”。故填homeless。 52．句意：当暴风雨变得更猛烈时，一些学生开始害怕地大喊。start to do sth.意为“开始做某事”，此处为动词不定式作宾语。故填shout。 53．句意：当暴风雨变得更猛烈时，一些学生开始害怕地大喊。in fear意为“害怕地”，介词短语。故填fear。 54．句意：老师没有对他们大喊大叫，而是平静地给我们指了去地下更安全地方的方向。“didn’t”后接动词原形，“shout”是动词原形。故填shout。 55．句意：老师没有对他们大喊大叫，而是平静地给我们指了去地下更安全地方的方向。the后接名词，direct的名词形式是direction，“the direction to...”意为“去……的方向”。故填direction。 五、短文填空(本题共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整、正确的形式，使短文通顺。 Bears are considered as one of the most dangerous large predators (捕食性动物). It’s reported that recently a woman in Yunnan was attacked (袭击) by an Asiatic black bear in the mountains when she was s 56 for bamboo shoots. Between 1950 and 2019, 765 people died b 57 of Asiatic black bears. As a result, humans are afraid of them a lot. H 58 , bears, including the most dangerous black bears, do not often attack people. Most attacks by bears are defensive reactions (防御反应) to a person who is too close. An attack can also h 59 when people scare baby bears from a short distance (距离). When black bears are taking care of their b 60 , mother bears can get ready to attack anytime. Moreover, people may find that bears and humans are more likely to meet in recent years. Bears look for f 61 near villages, and this makes more meetings with humans which may bring harm or death. So, what should you do when there’s a bear right in front of you? Play dead? It may w 62 , for the bear may not think you are dangerous. But there are better ways. If you see a bear b 63 it notices you, don’t get closer or keep watching it. Just walk away q 64 in the other direction. If a bear sees you first, don’t run—it might chase you. I 65 , move back slowly in the opposite direction and wait for the bear to go away. 【答案】 56．(s)earching 57．(b)ecause 58．(H)owever 59．(h)appen 60．(b)abies 61．(f)ood 62．(w)ork 63．(b)efore 64．(q)uietly/(q)uickly 65．(I)nstead 【导语】本文介绍了熊伤人的原因，以及在野外遇到熊的应对方法。 56．句意：据报道，最近云南一名妇女在山里寻找竹笋时被一只亚洲黑熊袭击。search for意为“寻找”，根据空前的was可知，此处应用过去进行时，其结构是：was/were+动词现在分词，所以动词search要变成现在分词searching。故填(s)earching。 57．句意：1950年至2019年间，有765人因为亚洲黑熊而死亡。because of意为“因为”。故填(b)ecause。 58．句意：然而，熊，包括最危险的黑熊，并不经常攻击人。根据“Between 1950 and 2019, 765 people died...of Asiatic black bears. As a result, humans are afraid of them a lot.”和“...bears, including the most dangerous black bears, do not often attack people”可知，空处前后是转折关系，结合首字母提示可知，空处应填副词However“然而”。故填(H)owever。 59．句意：当人们近距离惊吓熊宝宝时，也会发生攻击。根据首字母提示和“An attack can also...when people scare baby bears from a short distance (距离).”可知，此处表示“攻击也可能发生”，动词happen意为“发生”，情态动词can后接动词原形。故填(h)appen。 60．句意：当黑熊照顾它们的幼崽时，熊妈妈随时可能会准备攻击。根据首字母提示和上文“when people scare baby bears from a short distance (距离)”可知，此处指“熊宝宝”，名词baby意为“宝宝”，根据“mother bears”可知，空处应填baby的复数形式babies。故填(b)abies。 61．句意：熊在村庄附近寻找食物，这使得它们与人类有更多的接触，这可能会带来伤害或死亡。根据首字母提示和“Bears look for...near villages”可知，此处表示“寻找食物”，food“食物”符合语境。故填(f)ood。 62．句意：它可能会起作用，因为熊可能不认为你是危险的。根据“Play dead?”和“for the bear may not think you are dangerous”可知，此处表示“装死可能会起作用”，动词work意为“起作用”，情态动词may后接动词原形。故填(w)ork。 63．句意：如果你在熊注意到你之前看到了它，不要靠近或继续观察它。根据首字母提示和“If you see a bear...it notices you”可知，此处表示“如果你在熊注意到你之前看到了它”，before“在……之前”符合语境。故填(b)efore。 64．句意：安静地/迅速地朝另一个方向走开。根据首字母提示和“Just walk away...in the other direction.”可知，如果熊没有注意到你，你应该安静地或迅速地朝另一个方向走开，空处用于修饰动词短语walk away，所以空处可填副词quietly“安静地”或quickly“迅速地”。故填(q)uietly/(q)uickly。 65．句意：相反，慢慢地朝相反的方向后退，等待熊离开。根据首字母提示和“If a bear sees you first, don’t run—it might chase you...move back slowly in the opposite direction and wait for the bear to go away.”可知，如果一只熊先看到你，不要跑，它可能会追你。相反，慢慢地朝相反的方向后退，等待熊离开。空处应填Instead“相反”。故填(I)nstead。 六、阅读与回答问题(本题共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容回答问题。 The earthquake that hit San Francisco on April 18,1906 shook down hundreds of thousands of dollars’ worth of walls and chimneys (烟囱). But the following fire burned up hundreds of millions of dollars’ worth of buildings and homes. Never before in history has a city been so completely destroyed. San Francisco is gone. The factories, the great stores and newspaper buildings, the hotels and the great houses of the rich are all gone. On Wednesday morning at a quarter past five came the earthquake. A moment later, the disaster was a fact. South of Market Street, in the working-class neighborhoods and in the factories, fires started. Within an hour of the first quake, the smoke could be seen 100 miles away. The sun was red in the dark sky. There was no stopping the fires. The firefighters to whom the task was given did their best but there was no way to organize or communicate. The railway tracks were now useIess and there was no water in water pipes. All of the ways man had made to keep the city safe were gone in the 30 seconds when the earth moved. By Wednesday afternoon, half the heart of the city was gone. At that time, I watched the disaster from a ship on the bay (海湾). Out at sea it was calm. No wind came up. Yet strong winds blew upon the unlucky city from every direction, the fire spread quickly. Soon, many buildings were gone. Wednesday night saw the destruction of the very heart of the city. Man himself had to make ruins of some of the city’s best buildings so that they would not be a danger to those on the streets. Tens of thousands of who had lost their homes left the city to look for shelter from the fires. Some were dressed only in blankets and carried the things that they had been able to rescue from the fires. But there were no fights and no pushing. Somehow this worst of disasters brought out the best in the survivors. Never in all of San Francisco’s history were her people so kind as on this night of terror. 66．Which was more destructive (破坏性的), the earthquake or the fire? 67．When did the earthquake happen? 68．Where was the writer? 69．Why did the fire spread so fast? 70．What’s the passage mainly about? 【答案】66．The fire. 67．On Wednesday morning at a quarter past five on April 18, 1906. 68．The writer was on a ship on the bay./On a ship on the bay. 69．Because strong winds blew upon the city from every direction./Because there were strong winds from every direction. 70．It is about the earthquake that hit San Francisco. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了1906年旧金山地震及随后引发的大火给城市带来的毁灭性灾难，以及在灾难中人们的表现。 66．根据第一段“But the following fire burned up hundreds of millions of dollars’ worth of buildings and homes.”以及“Never before in history has a city been so completely destroyed.”可知，地震震倒了价值数十万美元的墙壁和烟囱，而大火烧毁了价值数亿美元的建筑和房屋，城市被大火彻底摧毁，所以火灾的破坏性更大。故填The fire. 67．根据第一段“The earthquake that hit San Francisco on April 18,1906”和第二段“On Wednesday morning at a quarter past five came the earthquake.”可知，1906年4月18日星期三早上五点一刻地震发生了。故填On Wednesday morning at a quarter past five on April 18, 1906. 68．根据第三段“At that time, I watched the disaster from a ship on the bay.”可知，作者当时在海湾的一艘船上。故填The writer was on a ship on the bay./On a ship on the bay. 69．根据第三段“Yet strong winds blew upon the unlucky city from every direction, the fire spread quickly.”可知，大火迅速蔓延的原因是强风从各个方向吹向城市。故填Because strong winds blew upon the city from every direction./Because there were strong winds from every direction. 70．本文主要描述了1906年旧金山地震的发生时间、引发的大火以及大火造成的破坏，最后还提到了灾难中幸存者的表现；因此，本文主要是关于1906年旧金山的地震。故填It is about the earthquake that hit San Francisco. 七、书面表达(本题满分25分) 71．假设三个月前，一场飓风（hurricane）袭击了你所居住的城市。请你发挥想象，根据以下要点和要求写一篇文章，描述飓风发生时的情况，并谈谈你的感悟。 写作要点：1. 灾难发生时，人们可以听到雷声，看到闪电；两小时后，飓风消失了。2. 在这次灾难中共有7人死亡、2400多座房屋倒塌。3. 灾难后，人们开始互救，许多警察和消防员也来救援。 写作要求：1. 词数80左右；2. 不要逐词翻译，可适当发挥。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Three months ago, a hurricane hit my city. It was a scary natural disaster. In the beginning, the sky became dark. Everyone could hear a strange noise, but nobody knew what was happening. We heard the thunder and saw the lightning. Two hours later, the hurricane disappeared. During the disaster, seven people lost their lives. Over 2,400 houses fell down. Many people had nowhere to live. After the disaster, people began to help each other. Many police officers and firefighters came to help us, too. I think that we should learn how to keep ourselves safe when we are facing disasters. 【详解】［总体分析］ ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态为“一般过去时”和“一般现在时”； ③提示：文章写作需要围绕“三个月前城市遭遇飓风”展开，涵盖飓风发生的前兆、灾害造成的人员与财产损失、灾后互助场景及从中得到的启示，考生应注意按时间逻辑梳理内容，适当补充灾害细节，确保不遗漏关键事件与感悟。 ［写作步骤］ 第一步，表明写作意图。开门见山提出三个月前飓风袭击了自己的城市，点明这是一场可怕的自然灾害，引出对飓风经历的叙述； 第二步，具体叙述过程。先描述飓风发生前的前兆及飓风消失的时间，再说明灾害造成的损失，接着讲述灾后的互助情况； 第三步，书写结语。总结从这次经历中得到的启示。 ［亮点词汇］ ①hurricane飓风 ②natural disaster自然灾害 ③strange noise奇怪的声音 ④thunder and lightning雷电 ⑤lost their lives失去生命 ⑥fell down倒塌 ⑦nowhere to live无处可住 ［高分句型］ ①Everyone could hear a strange noise, but nobody knew what was happening.（what引导宾语从句） ②I think that we should learn how to keep ourselves safe when we are facing disasters.（that引导的宾语从句，when引导的时间状语从句） 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 8 Safe and sound 单元测试卷 （江苏南通专用，译林版2024） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 第I卷(选择题 共65分) 一、单项选择(本题共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1．I’m sorry I didn’t answer your call because I ________ music. A．listen to B．listening to C．was listening to D．am listening to 2．Mary ________ a Maths problem with her classmates after school yesterday. A．has discussed B．discussed C．was discussing D．discusses 3．The terrible flood hurt ________ people and ________ them lost their lives. A．thousands of; two hundreds of B．thousand of; two hundred C．thousand of; two hundred of D．thousands of; two hundred of 4．Clean energy is widely accepted as an important way to ________ environmental problems. A．deal with B．begin with C．pick up D．take up 5．—You have a large collection of books. That’s great! —Well, I have hundreds of books _______ some novels. A．includes B．including C．include D．included 6．The traffic is so heavy! You should drive ________. A．as fast as possible B．as slower as possible C．as carefully as possible D．as careful as possible 7．We are expected to check the papers carefully before handing them in ________ some careless mistakes. A．making B．to make C．to avoid D．avoiding 8．—I’m really ________ before the Maths competition. —Take it easy. I think you are the best. A．cool B．serious C．nervous D．patient 9．I ________ my homework when my mother came in. A．is doing B．was doing C．were doing D．am doing 10．________ it is raining so heavily, we had better cancel the picnic. A．When B．Since C．After D．Until 二、完形填空(本题共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 An old farmer felt sad as he looked over his destroyed crops. A terrible storm had swept 11 the valley the night before, and his once 12 fields were now in a complete mess. His beans were all in the water. His 13 , a kind young man named Thomas who lived near him, came by to 14 a hand. “This is a disaster,” the farmer said. “My family has always been able to live on the harvests of the crops. I don’t know what to do now.” Thomas thought for a 15 . “I see this not as a disaster 16 as an opportunity,” he said 17 . The farmer 18 him in disbelief. “ 19 can this be an opportunity?” he asked. Thomas 20 . “Now you have a chance to try something new. You’ve always grown 21 . Why not try planting 22 crops?” he said. The farmer thought about this. Thomas was right—he had become set in his ways. This disaster could push 23 to make his farm sustainable in new ways. “You have given me hope again,” the farmer said. He clapped Thomas on the back. “Thank you for 24 me the opportunity in this difficulty. My farm will be better for it.” And so the farmer planted new crops and introduced more diversity to his farm. 25 the storm destroyed one harvest, it ended up saving more, for in every difficulty lies an opportunity, if we dare to see it. 11．A．from B．through C．in D．on 12．A．hopeful B．poor C．simple D．terrible 13．A．teacher B．brother C．neighbour D．visitor 14．A．take B．hold C．give D．catch 15．A．minute B．day C．week D．month 16．A．because B．so C．and D．but 17．A．sadly B．softly C．luckily D．angrily 18．A．looked at B．looked up C．looked over D．looked after 19．A．How B．What C．When D．Where 20．A．cried B．jumped C．smiled D．stopped 21．A．crops B．beans C．flowers D．trees 22．A．popular B．different C．useful D．interesting 23．A．him B．her C．it D．them 24．A．joining B．making C．having D．showing 25．A．As B．Whether C．If D．Although 三、阅读理解(本题共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分) 第一节 请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A One morning, Roberta, Peter, and Phyllis went out to get wild cherries. When they arrived at the railway tunnel, they looked up at the trees above it. “What’s happening?” Peter said. “Look at the trees. They’re moving.” He was right. The trees were sliding down the hill. “It’s a landslide (滑坡),” Roberta said. “There has been a lot of rain. The earth is soft. It is moving and bringing the trees with it.” “They are going to fall on the railway line,” Phyllis said. “There’ll be an accident if the train hits them. We must stop the next train.” “How do we do that?” Peter said eagerly. “The next train is due at 11:29. That’s in five minutes. And the train is only about fifteen kilometres away.” “We can run towards the train and wave to the engine driver,” Phyllis said. “He won’t think there is anything wrong,” Roberta said. “We always wave to him.” “We need something red to wave,” Peter said. “Red is for danger.” “My petticoat is red,” Phyllis said. “I’ll tear pieces off.” She then tore strips from the bottom of her petticoat. “We need sticks to tie the strips to,” Peter said. The children ran to a nearby tree. With his knife, Peter cut off three thin branches. He tied each of the strips of the red petticoat to one of the branches. “Now we have red flags,” he said. “When we wave these, the engine driver will know something is wrong. He will stop the train and ask us what the matter is.” The children ran through the tunnel and waited on the other side for the train to come. Finally, the train arrived. The children waved their flags. Roberta was so excited that she fainted and lay on the ground. The engine driver saw the red flags and the children. He knew something was wrong. He stopped the train. A bad accident was prevented. —Adapted from The Railway Children 26．What caused the landslide? A．That the earth was moving because of a big train. B．That the tunnel was too big. C．That the children pushed down some trees. D．That the earth was soft because of the rain. 27．Why did the engine driver stop the train? A．He saw the trees on the line. B．He heard the station master shouting. C．He saw the red flags and the children. D．The passengers told him to stop. 28．What do you think of these children in this story? A．They are brave and clever. B．They are polite and helpful. C．They are generous and lovely. D．They are naughty and lively. B Have you ever been to the forest alone or with your friends during your holiday? If you go into the forest with your friends, stay with them. If you don’t, you may get lost. If you really get lost, this is what you should do. Sit down and stay where you are. Don’t try to find your friends—let them find you by staying in one place. What should you do when you are waiting? Give your friends or other nearby people a signal (信号) by shouting or whistling (吹口哨) three times. Stop. Then shout or whistle three times. Any signal given three times is a call for help. Keep up the shouting or whistling, always three times together. When people hear you, they will know that you are not just making noise for fun. They will let you know that they have heard your signal. They will give two shouts, two whistles or two gun shots (枪声). When someone gives such a signal, it is an answer to a call for help. If you don’t think that you will get help before night comes, try to make a little house with branches (树枝). Make yourself a soft bed with leaves and grasses. ▲ You have to leave your little branch house to look for a river. But remember don’t just walk away. Pick off small branches and drop them as you walk so that you can find your way back. 29．If you get lost in the forest, you’d better ________. A．try your best to find the right way out B．walk around and try to find somebody else C．stay in one place to wait for somebody for help D．stay in one place and give signals for help 30．You keep up the shouting or whistling three times together ________. A．to make sure someone else could hear you B．because you can let others follow you C．to let people know that you need help D．because it is an answer to a call for help 31．Which of the following sentences may be in the place “ ▲ ”? A．How can you get your way back? B．What should you do if you need to drink water? C．Do you have to wait there for someone? D．Where can you find a river? 32．The best title of the passage is ________. A．Living in A Forest B．How to Get Lost C．Don’t Go to the Forest D．What to Do When Getting Lost C Natural disasters, such as earthquakes, rainstorms and strong winds, usually make a big difference to human life. They not only cause property (财产) loss but also take away people’s lives. Strong winds can be very terrible. On March 31st, 2024, strong winds hit Nanchang, Jiangxi province. The strong winds broke the windows into pieces and blew off three people sleeping at home, causing their deaths. What’s worse, more than 1,600 trees were blown down overnight. This deadly disaster was mainly caused by funnelling (狭管效应). When the earthquake happens, the ground and buildings will shake terribly. In serious situations, buildings may even fall down and will bury people in the ground. Recently, in Taiwan, the most powerful earthquake in a quarter century rocked the island on April 3rd. At least nine people were killed and hundreds of people were hurt. Another example is rainstorms. They can flood many places. Dubai lies on the coast of the Persian Gulf and in the northeast of the U. A．E. with a long and beautiful coastline. It doesn’t rain a lot. But on April 16th, a big rainstorm hit Dubai. It rained so much in just 12 hours that it was like a year’s worth of rain. The heavy rain flooded roads, shopping malls, and even airports, causing a lot of damage (破坏). To better deal with natural disasters, we need to make our disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief coordination system (防灾救灾机制) better. Also, people should learn ways to protect themselves when facing natural disasters. But most importantly, we should realize that we are not the master of nature, we need to care about it and respect (尊重) it. 33．How many pieces of news about natural disasters are mentioned? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 34．What kind of damage can an earthquake probably cause? A．It can blow down a lot of trees overnight. B．It can make buildings fall and kill people. C．It can flood many places like roads and airports. D．It can make plants die because of too little water. 35．How does the writer develop Paragraph 2? Mini-dictionary Facts are true statements. They include names, dates, events and numbers. Opinions tell what we believe, feel or think. They may not be true. A．Fact—Opinion—Way B．Fact—Way—Opinion C．Opinion—Fact—Reason D．Opinion—Reason—Fact 36．What might be talked about in the following paragraph? A．Why natural disasters can take away people’s lives. B．How we can respect nature and live better with it. C．Where we can learn about different natural disasters. D．Which kind of natural disasters is the most dangerous. D "Click!", That’s the sound of safety. That’s the sound of survival (幸存). That’s the sound of a seat belt locking in place. Seat belts save lives and that’s a fact. That’s why I must wear the seat belt at once when I get into car. It’s a choice between life and death (死亡). Imagine you’re in a car at 100 km per (每) hour or faster, then the driver in front of your car suddenly brakes (刹车), your body is still going at 100km per hour. Will it be the windshield (挡风玻璃) or your seat belt to stop your body? So, choose the seat belt. Some people think that seat belts are uncomfortable. If you are not wearing your seat belt, you can get in and out of your seat easily. However, when a car accident happens. you may get seriously hurt or even die. Wearing a seat belt does not make you safe all the time. But wearing seat belts has turned out to be safer than not wearing them. So why not take the safer way? 37．When the driver in front of your car suddenly brakes, ________. A．your driver has time to stop B．your car can always stop safely C．your body can stop immediately D．your seat belt can stop your body 38．What do you know from the passage? A．Wearing a seat belt is safer than not wearing it. B．Wearing a seat belt can’t make you safe. C．Wearing a seat belt makes you safe all the time. D．The driver can’t stop the car when it goes over 100 km per hour. 39．Which of the following would be the best title (标题) for the passage? A．Slow Down：Save Lives by Driving Slower B．Seat Belts：Wear Them to Survive in an Accident C．Get Ready：Check Your Seat Belt Before Driving D．Car Accidents：Ways That We Can Prevent (预防) Them 40．What is the writer’s main purpose (目的) in writing this passage? A．To teach readers how to wear the seat belt. B．To share some stories and jokes about seat belts. C．To describe some car accidents without seat belts. D．To ask readers to wear seat belts while they’re in a car. 第二节 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的六个选项中选出五个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Lightning is one of nature’s light shows. It often happens in hot, wet places. Around the world, there are about 2,000 lightning storms happening at any given moment. It is a large electric flash of light, which is very hot. 41 This moving air makes a loud sound called thunder. Because light travels at greater speed than sound, we see the lightning before we hear the thunder. Lightning is fun to watch but dangerous. 42 When the lightning hits land, it can cause a fire. Many wildfires start because of summer lightning. Because the land, trees and grasses are dry, they burn easily. On the other hand, it also brings danger to human beings. During storms with lightning, the electric shocks (电击) could destroy buildings or kill people outside. Some people using something electric or wet may get hurt in their homes. 43 It is necessary to keep the following dos and don’ts in mind. Stay inside during storms with lightning. Stay away from windows. Do not take a shower when there is lightning. Do not wash your hands. Remind your parents not to use the washer. Lightning can go through water. 44 Stay indoors for a while to be sure the storm is over. Do not use anything that is electric. Lightning can go through wires (电线). Remind your parents to turn off TVs and computers. 45 Learn about it. Learn how to stay safe. Then you can enjoy nature’s light shows. A．Lightning is an exciting part of nature. B．On the one hand, it causes harm to earth. C．As soon as the rain stops, you can go outside. D．It heats the air around it and the hot air moves at high speed. E．Even after the rain stops, there can still be lightning. F．You need to know some facts about lightning to keep safe. 第Ⅱ卷(非选择题 共55分) 四、词汇运用(本题共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 请认真阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式，使短文通顺、连贯。 During the storm last night, the 46 (light) was very frightening. The thunder was so loud that it 47 (sound) like explosions. In such an 48 (emergency), it’s important to know what to do. Our teacher told us to stay inside and keep 49 (silence). Unfortunately, the 50 (heat) system in our school stopped working, and we felt very cold. We were worried about the 51 (home) people outside. When the storm became worse, some students started to 52 (shout) in 53 (fear). The teacher didn’t 54 (shout) at them but calmly showed us the 55 (direct) to the safer place underground. Finally, when the storm passed, we were all safe and sound. 五、短文填空(本题共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整、正确的形式，使短文通顺。 Bears are considered as one of the most dangerous large predators (捕食性动物). It’s reported that recently a woman in Yunnan was attacked (袭击) by an Asiatic black bear in the mountains when she was s 56 for bamboo shoots. Between 1950 and 2019, 765 people died b 57 of Asiatic black bears. As a result, humans are afraid of them a lot. H 58 , bears, including the most dangerous black bears, do not often attack people. Most attacks by bears are defensive reactions (防御反应) to a person who is too close. An attack can also h 59 when people scare baby bears from a short distance (距离). When black bears are taking care of their b 60 , mother bears can get ready to attack anytime. Moreover, people may find that bears and humans are more likely to meet in recent years. Bears look for f 61 near villages, and this makes more meetings with humans which may bring harm or death. So, what should you do when there’s a bear right in front of you? Play dead? It may w 62 , for the bear may not think you are dangerous. But there are better ways. If you see a bear b 63 it notices you, don’t get closer or keep watching it. Just walk away q 64 in the other direction. If a bear sees you first, don’t run—it might chase you. I 65 , move back slowly in the opposite direction and wait for the bear to go away. 六、阅读与回答问题(本题共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容回答问题。 The earthquake that hit San Francisco on April 18,1906 shook down hundreds of thousands of dollars’ worth of walls and chimneys (烟囱). But the following fire burned up hundreds of millions of dollars’ worth of buildings and homes. Never before in history has a city been so completely destroyed. San Francisco is gone. The factories, the great stores and newspaper buildings, the hotels and the great houses of the rich are all gone. On Wednesday morning at a quarter past five came the earthquake. A moment later, the disaster was a fact. South of Market Street, in the working-class neighborhoods and in the factories, fires started. Within an hour of the first quake, the smoke could be seen 100 miles away. The sun was red in the dark sky. There was no stopping the fires. The firefighters to whom the task was given did their best but there was no way to organize or communicate. The railway tracks were now useIess and there was no water in water pipes. All of the ways man had made to keep the city safe were gone in the 30 seconds when the earth moved. By Wednesday afternoon, half the heart of the city was gone. At that time, I watched the disaster from a ship on the bay (海湾). Out at sea it was calm. No wind came up. Yet strong winds blew upon the unlucky city from every direction, the fire spread quickly. Soon, many buildings were gone. Wednesday night saw the destruction of the very heart of the city. Man himself had to make ruins of some of the city’s best buildings so that they would not be a danger to those on the streets. Tens of thousands of who had lost their homes left the city to look for shelter from the fires. Some were dressed only in blankets and carried the things that they had been able to rescue from the fires. But there were no fights and no pushing. Somehow this worst of disasters brought out the best in the survivors. Never in all of San Francisco’s history were her people so kind as on this night of terror. 66．Which was more destructive (破坏性的), the earthquake or the fire? 67．When did the earthquake happen? 68．Where was the writer? 69．Why did the fire spread so fast? 70．What’s the passage mainly about? 七、书面表达(本题满分25分) 71．假设三个月前，一场飓风（hurricane）袭击了你所居住的城市。请你发挥想象，根据以下要点和要求写一篇文章，描述飓风发生时的情况，并谈谈你的感悟。 写作要点：1. 灾难发生时，人们可以听到雷声，看到闪电；两小时后，飓风消失了。2. 在这次灾难中共有7人死亡、2400多座房屋倒塌。3. 灾难后，人们开始互救，许多警察和消防员也来救援。 写作要求：1. 词数80左右；2. 不要逐词翻译，可适当发挥。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $