Unit 4 Friends forever-【正禾一本通】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书word（外研版）

本讲义围绕“友谊”主题，系统整合阅读理解（友谊的建立与维持、科技对友谊的影响）、核心词汇（如familiar, prefer, lose track of）、语法（定语从句、关系代词）及写作（故事续写）等知识点，形成从文本输入到语言内化再到表达输出的完整学习支架。 资料以情境化任务驱动学习，如通过“在线交友经历讨论”提升语言运用能力，“段落大意匹配”培养信息筛选与逻辑思维，续写故事模块提供框架与范文助力表达。课中辅助教师引导互动探究，课后分层练习（如单词拼写、语法填空）帮助学生巩固知识，查漏补缺，有效发展语言能力与自主学习能力。

Xiaohe and her chum Qiqi have been close since they were teenagers．They've had so many fun adventures together，like playing hide-and-seek in the old house near the school．These experiences are very familiar to them．They prefer to meet at a small park close to their homes．It's a lovely location with a peaceful atmosphere．They often dine on sandwiches they bring from home and chat about their daily life though they have different personalities．Qiqi has a great sense of humour and can always make Xiaohe laugh．Xiaohe is very generous and often shares her new books with Qiqi．But as they grew up，they got busy in making their fortune and almost lost track of each other．Thanks to social media and wi-fi，they could still maintain their friendship．With a click，they update each other on their lives．One day，Xiaohe was anxious because she had a fight with her brother．She felt ashamed of her bad temper．Qiqi，a staunch friend，listened to her patiently．Qiqi told Xiaohe some inspiring stories about getting along with family．Thanks to Qiqi's help，Xiaohe made up with her brother．This proves their friendship is a fortune and they ought to keep it forever． Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas Step One　Lead-in What are some common ways to make friends and which one do you find most effective？ Common ways include joining clubs，using social media，and attending parties．I find joining clubs most effective as we share common hobbies． Step Two　Read for the main idea Match the main idea with each part． Part 1 (Para．1) A．Benefits of technology in making and maintaining friends． Part 2 (Paras．2－3) B．Friendship's meaning stays despite technology changes． Part 3 (Paras．4－7) C．Technology has changed friendship and communication． Part 4(Para．8) D．Online friendships may lack honesty，and social media often hide reality． 答案：Part 1—C；Part 2—A；Part 3—D；Part 4—B Step Three　Read for details Ⅰ．Read Part 1 (Para．1) carefully and do the following exercises． 1．How does the author begin the text？ A．By showing a usual thing． B．By telling a known fact． C．By giving a famous saying． D．By asking interesting questions． 2．In the past，how did people usually get news from faraway friends？ A．Through social media． B．By writing letters． C．By making phone calls． D．Through video chats． 答案：1．D　2．B Ⅱ．Read Part 2 (Paras．2－3) carefully and do the following exercises． 1．With social media tools and a wi-fi connection，we can stay in touch with friends while moving around the world． 2．The digital age enables us to find people who share our interests，even if they are on the other side of the world． 3．Social media tools help us see what our friends are up to and maintain our friendships． Ⅲ．Read Part 3 (Paras．4－7) carefully and do the following exercises． 1．When can online friendships be real and meaningful？ A．When people share funny stories． B．When people exchange true personal information． C．When people only post positive updates． D．When people hide their real problems． 2．What do people usually do on social media sites？ A．Post only positive updates． B．Share all their real problems． C．Post only negative things． D．Reveal their true identities． 3．What does the saying “on the Internet，nobody knows you're a dog” imply？ A．People are always honest online． B．Everyone is friendly on the Internet． C．People can show false identities online． D．The Internet is a safe place to make friends． 答案：1．B　2．A　3．C Ⅳ．Read Part 4 (Para．8) carefully and do the following exercises． 1．What does “throw the baby out with the bathwater” mean in the paragraph？ A．Completely give up on making friends online． B．Keep the bad things and give up the good things． C．Get rid of all technology-related things． D．Stop using social media tools． 2．What remains the same despite the change in the way of making friends？ A．The way we communicate with friends． B．The tools we use to find friends． C．The meaning of friendship and our desire for friends． D．The time we spend on maintaining friendships． 答案：1．A　2．C Step Four　Consolidation Please talk about your experience of making friends online．You can organise your presentation according to the following questions． 1．Why did you start making friends online？ 2．What was the first impression your online friends gave you？ 3．How did you deal with conflicts with your online friends？ 4．What have you gained from making friends online？ Your presentation： I started making friends online because I was eager to know people from different places and cultures．The first impression my online friends gave me was that they were friendly and interesting．They shared various stories and ideas that I had never heard before．When conflicts happened，we would communicate openly．We tried to understand each other's positions and find a solution that satisfied both of us．From making friends online，I've gained a broader perspective．I've learned to respect differences and improved my communication skills．Overall，it's been a valuable experience that has enriched my life． ◎ CLICK① FOR A FRIEND？ How would you feel if moving to a new town meant losing track of② your friends？What if③ the only way of getting news from faraway④ friends was writing letters that took ages to be delivered？This was how things worked not very long ago[1]．Thanks to⑤ advances⑥ in technology，how we make friends⑦ and communicate with⑧ them[2]has changed significantly⑨． [1]how引导表语从句。 [2]how引导主语从句。 Nowadays，we can move around the world and still stay in touch with⑩ the people that we want to remain friends with[3]．Social media⑪ tools let us see what our friends are up to⑫ and maintain⑬ friendships[4]．All you need is a wi-fi⑭ connection． [3]that引导定语从句，修饰先行词people。 [4]what引导宾语从句。 The digital⑮ age also enables⑯ us to find people who share our interests，such as collecting model cars or playing an unusual⑰ instrument．Whatever our hobbies[5]，the Internet can connect us with others who also enjoy doing them[6]，even if they live on the other side of the world[7]． [5]Whatever引导让步状语从句，该从句中省略了are。 [6]who引导定语从句，修饰先行词others。 [7]even if引导让步状语从句。 But when you “friend” people online，does this mean that they really are your friends？ It depends． If people always exchange true personal information online，then yes，these friendships can be real and meaningful⑱．But we need to keep in mind⑲ that what we see on social media is often not the whole truth about a person[8]． [8]that引导宾语从句，该从句中又含有what引导的主语从句。 On social media sites⑳，people tend㉑ to post only positive updates㉒ that make them appear happy and friendly[9]．But smiling photos can hide real problems．Remember the saying㉓： on the Internet，nobody knows you're a dog．A young person could be old； a woman could be a man； we could even be sharing our information with criminals㉔． [9]that引导定语从句。 But this doesn't mean that we should throw the baby out with the bathwater㉕．Although technology has changed the way we acquire㉖ friends，the meaning of friendship and our longing for㉗ friends remain the same．As Aristotle said[10]，no one would choose to live without friends，even if he had all other goods㉘． [10]As引导方式状语从句，as“正如；正像”。 ◎ ①click v．点击(鼠标) ②lose track of 不了解……的情况，不了解……的动态 ③What if．．．？倘使……将会怎样？ ④faraway adj．遥远的 ⑤thanks to归功于……，多亏…… ⑥advance n．进步，进展 ⑦make friends交朋友 ⑧communicate with 与……交流 ⑨significantly adv．重大地，显著地 ⑩stay in touch with 与……保持联系 ⑪social media 社交媒体 ⑫up to忙于 ⑬maintain v．保持，维持 ⑭wi-fi n．无线网络，无线上网 ⑮digital adj．数字的，数码的 ⑯enable v．使可能，使发生 ⑰unusual adj．异常的，不平常的 ⑱meaningful adj．有意义的 ⑲keep in mind 牢记 ⑳site n．网站 ㉑tend v．易于做某事，往往会发生某事 ㉒update n．最新消息 ㉓saying n．格言，谚语，警句 ㉔criminal n．罪犯 ㉕bathwater n．浴水，洗澡水 throw the baby out with the bathwater 不分良莠一起抛弃 ㉖acquire v．获得，得到 ㉗long for 渴望 ㉘goods n．商品 ◎ 一键交友？ 如果搬到一个新的城镇意味着与朋友失去联系，你会作何感受？倘若从远方朋友那里得到消息的唯一途径是写信，并且这封信需要很长时间才会送达，这会怎样呢？直到不久之前，现实情况还都是这样的。然而，得益于技术的进步，我们结交朋友、与朋友沟通的方式已经有了明显的改变。 如今，我们可以一边周游世界，一边仍可以和我们想维持朋友关系的人们保持联系。社交媒体工具让我们了解朋友的最新状态，让我们维系友谊。你需要的只是连上无线网络。 数字时代还可以帮我们找到志趣相投的人——例如收集汽车模型或演奏不寻常的乐器。不管我们的爱好是什么，我们都能在网上结识同好，哪怕他们住在世界的另一端。 但当你在网络上加他人为好友时，这是否意味着他们真的是你的朋友了？ 视情况而定。 如果人们总是在网上交换个人的真实信息，那么是的，这样的友谊可能是真实且有意义的。但是我们需要记住，我们在社交媒体上看到的往往不是一个人的全部真面目。 在社交网站上，人们倾向于只发布正面的信息，塑造自己快乐且友善的形象。但是，微笑的照片可以掩盖真正的问题。记住这句话：“在互联网上，没有人知道你是一条狗。”年轻人形象的背后可能是个老人，而女性形象的背后可能是个男人，我们分享个人信息的对象甚至可能是罪犯。 但这并不意味着我们要不分良莠一起抛弃。虽然科技改变了我们交朋友的方式，但友谊的意义和我们对朋友的渴望仍然相同。正如亚里士多德所说，没有人会选择没有朋友的生活，即使他拥有其他所有财富。 familiar adj．熟悉的[联想：familiarize v．熟悉；(使)了解；通晓　unfamiliar adj．不熟悉的，陌生的　familiarity n．熟悉，通晓；认识] 【教材原句】　When I'm away in places new，With no familiar faces in view．．．当我身处陌生的地方，也看不见熟悉的面孔时…… 【用法归纳】 (1)be familiar with sb．/sth． 对某人/某物熟悉 sth．be familiar to sb． 某物为某人所熟悉 (2)familiarize sb．/oneself with sth． 使某人/自己熟悉某物 (3)a sense of familiarity 一种熟悉的感觉 【佳句必背】　The song was familiar to him，as he had listened to it countless times in his childhood．(读后续写之回忆) 这首歌他很熟悉，因为他小时候听过无数遍。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①Are these customs familiar to you？They're typical of this region． ②I'm familiar with the neighborhood because I've lived here for years． ③Before traveling to a foreign country，it's a good idea to familiarize yourself with its traditions and customs． 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ④(读后续写之心理描写)这道菜的味道带来一种熟悉的感觉，让我想起了祖母做的饭。 The taste of the dish brought back a sense of familiarity，reminding me of my grandmother's cooking． prefer v．更喜欢(联想：preference n．喜爱，偏爱) 【教材原句】　How do you prefer to make friends？ 你更喜欢怎样交友？ 【用法归纳】 (1)prefer doing/to do sth． 更喜欢做某事 宁可做某事也不愿做某事 (2)have a preference for．．． 偏爱…… 【名师点津】　prefer既不用于进行时态，也不与better、more等比较级连用。 【佳句必背】　I prefer studying alone in my dormitory so that I can concentrate and keep the details straight in my head．(应用文之观点表达) 我更喜欢一个人在宿舍里学习，这样我可以集中精力，在脑海中把细节理清楚。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①He has always had a preference (prefer) for outdoor activities，such as hiking and cycling，which allows him to stay close to nature． ②Rather than eat at a restaurant，she prefers to stay (stay) at home and cook her own meals． ③Nowadays many teenagers prefer playing video games to participating (participate) in sports activities． 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ④(应用文之社会现象)现在，许多消费者更喜欢在网上购物，因为它非常方便。 Nowadays，many consumers prefer to shop/shopping on the Internet because it is very convenient． lose track of 与……失去联系；不了解……的动态 【教材原句】　How would you feel if moving to a new town meant losing track of your friends？ 如果搬到一个新的城镇意味着与朋友失去联系，你会作何感受？ 【用法归纳】 (1)keep track of 了解……的动态；与……保持联系 back on track 重新步入正确轨道；恢复正常 on the right track 思路对头；做法对路 off the beaten track 远离闹市；偏远 (2)track down 追踪到，搜寻到 【佳句必背】　The small lake is off the beaten track and its water is so calm that it reflects of trees along the shore like a mirror．(读后续写之景色描写) 这个小湖位置偏远，湖水如此平静，像镜子一样倒映着岸边的树木。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①She realized her mistake and quickly got her study back on track． ②It's easy to lose track of your goals if you don't write them down． 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ③(读后续写之动作描写)猎人沿着血迹最终追踪到了受伤的狮子。 The hunter followed the trail of blood and finally tracked down the wounded lion． ④(应用文之建议信)父母应该了解孩子对社交媒体的使用情况，保护他们的隐私与安全。 Parents should keep track of their children's social media usage to protect their privacy and safety． ⑤(读后续写之哲理句)有时候，退一步能帮助你看清自己是否仍在正确的道路上。 Sometimes，taking a step back helps you see if you're still on the right track． advance n．进步，进展 v．前进；促进；提出；提前 adj．预先的，在前的(联想：advanced adj．先进的；高级的；晚期的) 【教材原句】　Thanks to advances in technology，how we make friends and communicate with them has changed significantly． 然而，得益于技术的进步，我们结交朋友、与朋友沟通的方式已经有了明显的改变。 【用法归纳】 (1)in advance 事先，事前 in advance of．．． 在……前面；比……进步/超前 make advances/an advance in sth． 在某方面有进步 (2)advance on/towards sb．/sth． 向某人/物前进 【佳句必背】　The cat advanced on/towards the mouse，its body low to the ground and eyes locked on its prey．(读后续写之动作描写) 猫朝着老鼠前进，身体贴近地面，眼睛死死盯着猎物。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①Students can make advances in language learning by practicing regularly． ②There is an advanced (advance) course designed for students who have already mastered the basic concepts of mathematics． ③The new technology is in advance of its time，and it may take years for people to fully understand its potential． 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ④(应用文之建议信)如果你计划在旺季出行，提前预订你的票，这能为你节省一大笔钱。 If you plan to travel during the peak season，book your ticket in advance，which can save you a significant amount of money． enable v．使可能，使发生(联想：able adj．有才能的；能够的　ability n．能力，才能) 【教材原句】　The digital age also enables us to find people who share our interests，such as collecting model cars or playing an unusual instrument． 数字时代还可以帮我们找到志趣相投的人——例如收集汽车模型或演奏不寻常的乐器。 【用法归纳】 (1)enable sb．to do sth． 使某人能够做某事 (2)be able to do sth． 能够做某事，有能力做某事 (3)have an/the ability to do sth． 有做某事的能力 【佳句必背】　Failure enables us to learn valuable lessons，which are essential for future success．(读后续写之哲理句) 失败使我们能够汲取宝贵的经验教训，这对未来的成功是至关重要的。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①My father's practical tips enable me to adapt (adapt) to the unfamiliar surroundings as soon as possible． ②After months of practice，she is able to play (play) the piano piece perfectly． ③He has an ability to make (make) people feel at ease in any situation． 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ④(应用文之感谢信)您及时的建议让我避免了个大错，对此我深表感激。 Your timely advice enabled me to avoid a big mistake，for which I'm deeply grateful． tend v．易于做某事，往往会发生某事；照看(联想：tendency n．趋向；倾向) 【教材原句】　On social media sites，people tend to post only positive updates that make them appear happy and friendly． 在社交网站上，人们倾向于只发布正面的信息，塑造自己快乐且友善的形象。 【用法归纳】 (1)tend to do sth． 易于做某事，往往会做某事 tend (to) sb．/sth． 照顾/护理某人/物 tend to/towards 倾向于，趋于 (2)have a tendency to do sth． 喜欢做某事；倾向于做某事 There is a tendency (for sb．) to do sth． (某人)有做某事的趋势，(某人)倾向于做某事 【佳句必背】　He patiently tended to the elderly man，helping him dress and combing his hair gently．(读后续写之动作描写)他耐心地照顾着这位老人，帮他穿衣并轻柔地梳理头发。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①Children tend to ask (ask) a lot of questions when they are curious． ②People who enjoy outdoor activities may have a tendency (tend) to seek adventure in their free time． ③Personally，I tend to/towards the second plan that you offered，because it is much easier than the first one． 【写成佳句】　一句多译 ④(应用文之学校生活)学生们倾向于使用在线资源进行研究，而不是传统的图书馆。 →Students tend to use online resources for research instead of traditional libraries．(tend) →There is a tendency for students to use/Students have a tendency to use online resources for research instead of traditional libraries．(tendency) prove v．证明，证实(联想：proof n．证明，证据) 【教材原句】　To prove that making friends was easier in the past．为了证明在过去交友要更容易。 【用法归纳】 (1)prove (to be)＋n．/adj． 证明是，结果是 prove sb．(to be)＋n．/adj． 证明某人是…… prove sth．to sb． 向某人证明某事 prove (to sb．) that．．． (向某人)证明…… It is proved that．．． 据证明…… (2)There is no proof that．．． 没有证据证明…… 【佳句必背】　He proved that it's not what happens to us that determines our lives—it's what we make of what happens．(读后续写之结尾升华) 他证明了决定我们人生的并非发生在我们身上的事，而在于我们如何应对这些遭遇。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①Give him some time and he will prove his talent to the world． ②They need to find some proof (prove) that the new drug is effective． ③Last month，we went to a new restaurant，which proved to be (be) very disappointing． ④(2023·全国乙卷) At least one thing proved true (truth)： the color wouldn't wash out． 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ⑤(读后续写之哲理句)时间已经向我们证明，真正的友谊建立在信任、忠诚和相互支持的基础上。 Time has proved to us that true friendships are built on trust，loyalty，and mutual support． whatever 引导让步状语从句 【教材原句】　Whatever our hobbies，the Internet can connect us with others who also enjoy doing them，even if they live on the other side of the world． 不管我们的爱好是什么，我们都能在网上结识同好，哪怕他们住在世界的另一端。 whatever引导让步状语从句，whatever相当于no matter what，意为“不管什么，无论什么”。 【用法归纳】 (1)whatever/whoever/whichever这一类词既可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句； 而however/wherever/whenever一般只引导让步状语从句。 (2)no matter what，no matter which，no matter who(m)只引导让步状语从句。 【佳句必背】　He told himself that whatever/no matter what the result was，he would accept it bravely，yet deep inside he was filled with uneasiness．(读后续写之心理描写) 他告诉自己无论结果如何，他都会勇敢接受，但内心深处却充满了不安。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①Whichever road you take，it will lead you to the station． ②Whenever you come to my city，I will show you around． ③As a student，I will do whatever I can to protect the environment． ④Whoever you are，you must follow the school rules． ⑤However busy he is，he always finds time to exercise． 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ⑥从徐霞客身上我学习到，无论做什么事情我们都要亲力亲为，并且勇敢地去探索未知。 I have learned from Xu Xiake that whatever we do，we should do it in person and explore the unknown bravely． ⑦(应用文之建议信)无论你什么时候感到压力大，花几分钟做些深呼吸。 Whenever you feel stressed，take a few minutes to do some deep breathing． 1．click A．v．点击(鼠标)　B．v．突然明白，豁然开朗 　C．v．(与某人)即刻成为朋友　D．n．咔嗒声 E．n．(尤见于非洲南部某些语言的)吸气音 ①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Human speech contains more than 2，000 different sounds，from the common “m” and “a” to the rare clicks of some southern African languages． E ②We met at a party and clicked immediately． C ③The hands of the clock on the wall moved with a slight click． D ④Suddenly it clicked—we'd been talking about different people． B ⑤You need to click the “Submit” button to complete the form． A 2．deliver A.v.递送，传送　B．v.发表　C．v.接生 ①The experienced doctor delivered the baby safely． C ②The son of a grocer，he spent the summers of his childhood delivering food in Benardsville，New Jersey． A ③She is going to deliver a lecture on literature next week． B 3．写出句中加黑单词的词性及汉语意思 ①They plan to site a new shopping mall in the heart of the business district to attract more customers． v．为……选址 ②We need to update the equipment in the laboratory． v．更新 ③The project has advanced well in the past few months，and we are on track to finish it on time． v．发展，进步 [课后分层练10] (时间：45分钟　满分：78分) Ⅰ．单词拼写(每小题1分，共8分) 1．You should believe in your dreams and pursue them forever (永远)，regardless of the difficulties． 2．During festivals，many people go shopping to buy new goods (商品) for their families． 3．With the development of digital (数字的) technology，we can now watch movies and TV shows on various devices． 4．Their journey across the desert was full of challenges and became an unforgettable adventure (历险)． 5．Pictures can often illustrate (说明) ideas more clearly than words． 6．It's unusual (异常的) to see a rainbow in the evening，but it happened last night． 7．Her success in starting her own business proves (证实) her determination and hard work． 8．As the saying (谚语) goes，“Practice makes perfect．” So keep practicing your English． Ⅱ．单句语法填空(每小题1分，共10分) 1．She is not familiar with the rules of this new game，so she needs some guidance． 2．My father prefers staying at home reading newspapers to going (go) out for a walk in the evening． 3．Teachers usually ask students to prepare lessons in advance to have a better understanding in class． 4．My little brother tends to get (get) excited when he sees his favorite toys． 5．These teaching materials should be updated (update) to keep up with the latest educational concepts． 6．Due to bad weather，the delivery (deliver) of the package was delayed by several days． 7．The new policies have affected the company's profits significantly (significant)． 8．Learning body language can enable individuals to communicate (communicate) more effectively in different situations． 9．Confidence can be acquired (acquire) by setting achievable goals and gradually achieving them． 10．It is necessary to maintain (maintain) a good relationship with your neighbors for a harmonious living environment． Ⅲ．完成句子(每小题2分，共10分) 1．无论发生什么事，你都不应该丧失信心。(特殊疑问词＋ever) Whatever happens，you shouldn't lose heart． 2．你能猜到孩子们在操场上干什么吗？(be up to) Can you guess what the kids/children are up to in the playground？ 3．倘若她拒绝你参加派对的邀请怎么办？(what if) What if she refuses your invitation to the party？ 4．即使你很忙，也应该花些时间陪家人。(even if) Even if you are very busy，you should spend some time with your family． 5．我很好奇她昨天在会议上说的话。(what引导宾语从句) I am curious about what she said at the meeting yesterday． Ⅳ．课文语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) In the past，moving to a new town meant 1 losing (lose) track of your friends，because it took 2 ages (age) to deliver the letter．Now the way we make friends and communicate with them has changed 3 significantly (significant)． The digital age 4 enables (enable) us to find people who share our interests．Whatever our hobbies，the Internet can connect us with others 5 who also enjoy doing them，even if they live on 6 the other side of the world． On social media sites，people tend 7 to post (post) only positive updates that make them appear happy and 8 friendly (friend)．But on the Internet，maybe we share our information 9 with criminals． Although technology has changed the way we acquire friends，the 10 meaning (mean) of friendship and our longing for friends remain the same．As Aristotle said，no one would choose to live without friends，even if he had all other goods． Ⅰ．阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分) A (2025·河南省新未来联考高一上期中)The first time I met Jane，we became best friends．We enjoyed the same things．We were excited to find each other．Our families became friends and everyone knew wherever you found Jane，you found me．Jane was at my house quite often that summer．We played and practised flutes (长笛)． When school began，we talked on the phone and went over to each other's houses．Then it seemed as if we were put to a test．We both made new friends．Jane started to hang out with hers．We seldom talked on the phone．When we did take a minute to talk，one of her new friends would come up and Jane would walk away with her，leaving me hurt． I'm sure she didn't know how bad I felt．I began to hang around with my new friends，but it wasn't the same．I met Erma，also a friend of Jane's．She was in the same situation．We decided to talk to Jane． The call was not easy．However，when we talked on the phone，we were friends again．I explained my feelings and so did she．I realized I was not the only one hurting．She also felt left out．There were times when I didn't even notice I was ignoring (忽视) her．We talked for a long time and I felt a heavy weight lifted off my heart．I felt so happy．We decided we wanted to be with our new friends，but would never forget the fun and friendship we had． Today，I look back on all of this．Jane is not my best friend anymore，but more like my sister．We still enjoy the same things．Jane taught me that things change，people change but it doesn't mean you forget the past．It simply means you move on and treasure all the memories． [语篇解读]本文一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和好朋友Jane之间因为结识新朋友而产生隔阂，后又和解的经历，最后表达了“虽然事情会变，人会变，但并不意味着你要忘记过去”的主题。 1．What can we learn about the author and Jane from the first paragraph？ A．They often studied together． B．Jane was the author's first friend． C．They had much in common． D．The author had only one friend． 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第一段 “We enjoyed the same things．We were excited to find each other．” 可知，作者和 Jane 喜欢相同的事物，说明她们有很多共同之处，故选C。 2．What was wrong with the author and Jane when school started？ A．They performed badly． B．They spent less time together． C．They argued with each other． D．They were unwilling to talk to each other． 解析：选B。细节理解题。由第二段 “When school began，we talked on the phone and went over to each other's houses．Then．．．We both made new friends．Jane started to hang out with hers．We seldom talked on the phone．”可知，开学后她们都交了新朋友，Jane 和新朋友在一起，她们很少通电话，在一起的时间变少了，故选B。 3．How did the author feel after talking to Jane on the phone？ A．Glad． B．Surprised． C．Down． D．Nervous． 解析：选A。细节理解题。从第四段 “We talked for a long time and I felt a heavy weight lifted off my heart．I felt so happy．” 可知，和 Jane 通完电话后，作者感觉心里的重担卸下了，非常开心，故选A。 4．What is the text mainly about？ A．Friends will finally leave us． B．Friends make our childhood colourful． C．Friends always hurt us by accident． D．Things will change but memories won't． 解析：选D。主旨大意题。本文讲述了作者和 Jane 从相识成为好友，到上学后因交新朋友关系疏远，再到通过沟通重归于好的过程，最后作者感悟到“Jane taught me that things change，people change but it doesn't mean you forget the past．It simply means you move on and treasure all the memories．”即事情会变，人会变，但不意味着忘记过去，要继续前行并珍惜回忆。故选D。 B (2025·福建三明第一中学高一上期中)At lunchtime recently，Sha Jinyuan，22，sent a WeChat message to her meal partner，or fandazi，asking，“What to eat？” After her partner replied with “don't know”，Sha said，“Let's just go！ ” Are these two people friends？No，they are dazi，or activity partners for specific pursuits，such as playing games，taking classes，traveling，or hiking and camping．Dazi now refers to a new kind of social connection with the aim of pursuing shared interests，rather than developing lasting friendships． Early last month，a study of 1，335 people conducted by China Youth Daily's social survey center found that 72．6% said they had one or more dazi．More than half of them said they go for meals with a dazi，while over 30% seek dazi for sports，travel，learning and playing games．More than 20% have dazi for shopping or walking their children． The survey carried out last month found that young people seek dazi to share similar interests，to accompany them or share costs，expand their social circle，and to motivate，monitor and help one another．Some young people search for dazi because their lives are too fast-paced and their social circles too small． Xu Kun，an expert at the 12355 hotline for youth psychological counseling (咨询) and legal aid in Dalian，said： “Young people enjoy doing things together．With less responsibility and pressure，the two people concerned get along more easily．This is why young people these days are enthusiastic about forming dazi circles，” Xu said． “A dazi relationship not only meets young people's social needs，but also reduces the basic costs in terms of time，energy and emotion required to keep a close relationship，” Xu added．In this new kind of relationship，less responsibility gives people more freedom，but may also cause some problems．After all，dazi circle is quite different from real friendship，as some experts pointed out． [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了当下流行的“搭子”社交的各种形式和产生这种现象的原因。 5．What is the purpose of Paragraph 1？ A．To state a fact． B．To show a conversation． C．To raise a question． D．To introduce the topic． 解析：选D。推理判断题。文章第一段讲述了一位女生和她的饭搭子之间的微信对话，通过这个具体事例引出了 “搭子”这一话题，为后文对 “搭子”现象的介绍和讨论做铺垫，所以目的是引入话题。故选D。 6．How does the author show us that dazi circle is very popular in Paragraph 3？ A．By telling stories． B．By showing data． C．By giving examples． D．By making comparison． 解析：选B。推理判断题。在第三段中，作者通过列举一系列具体的数据，如 72．6%、more than half、over 30%、more than 20% 等，来说明 “搭子” 现象很受欢迎，所以是通过展示数据的方式可知，作者采用列数据的方法说明了“搭子”社交目前非常流行。故选B。 7．Why do young people seek dazi instead of lasting friendship nowadays？ A．Because they have no time to find real friends． B．Because their social circles are too small for them． C．Because dazi requires less responsibility and offers more freedom． D．Because dazi can give them a hand whenever they need help． 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第五段中“With less responsibility and pressure，the two people concerned get along more easily．This is why young people these days are enthusiastic about forming dazi circles”可知，人们倾向于找“搭子”的原因在于，和传统的朋友关系相比，“搭子”对于责任要求较少，因而压力也较小，相处起来比较轻松。故选C。 8．What will the author talk about next？ A．How to turn dazi into real friends． B．What problems dazi circles may bring about． C．Whether this new relationship will last or not． D．Why so many people prefer forming dazi circles． 解析：选B。推理判断题。文章最后一段提到 “less responsibility gives people more freedom，but may also cause some problems”，表明 “搭子” 关系虽有好处，但也可能带来问题，按照逻辑，接下来作者很可能会具体讨论 “搭子” 圈子可能带来哪些问题。故选B。 Ⅱ．完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) I joined a language exchange program online last year and had the chance to meet Lucy，a girl from England．We gradually became 1 with each other．At first，it was 2 to talk to someone I had never met before，but as time went by，our conversations continued 3 ． Being a teenager could be challenging，but having someone like Lucy，who 4 me even from thousands of miles away，made it easier．However，little did I know that she had been fighting with depression for many years．When she finally opened up and shared her 5 with me，I was both shocked and grateful that she 6 me enough to tell me that． From that day on，I tried to 7 her regularly and encouraged her to seek professional help．Finally，Lucy started seeing a doctor，and then she made progress in 8 her condition．But later，with increased learning tasks，we both became 9 ，so our conversations became less frequent．One Sunday night，I surfed the Internet and found that Lucy had cleaned up all her social media posts．I was anxious and tried to 10 her，but there was no response．I completely 11 her．Weeks turned into months，and I gave up the 12 of hearing from her again．Surprisingly，Lucy sent me an email one day．In her message，she apologised and explained her sudden 13 ．Also，she thanked me for my help during her darkest moments．Her words touched my heart，and I realized the influence our 14 had made on both of us． Even though we are 15 by distance and time zones，our friendship remains strong and continues to thrive． [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者加入了一个在线语言交换项目，认识了英国女孩露西，两人逐渐熟悉，互相支持，建立了深厚的友谊。 1． A．angry B．strict C．disappointed D．familiar 解析：选D。根据下文“our conversations continued”可知，对话继续了下去，两人渐渐熟悉了(familiar)。angry生气的；strict严格的；disappointed失望的。 2． A．strange B．inspiring C．lucky D．wise 解析：选A。根据下文“to talk to someone I had never met before”以及常识可知，和一个从未见过的人说话很奇怪(strange)。inspiring鼓舞人心的；lucky幸运的；wise明智的。 3． A．secretly B．naturally C．helplessly D．doubtfully 解析：选B。根据上文“but as time went by，our conversations continued”可知，随着时间的流逝，谈话自然地继续着(naturally)。secretly秘密地；helplessly无助地；doubtfully怀疑地。 4． A．supported B．respected C．judged D．surveyed 解析：选A。根据下文“me even from thousands of miles away，made it easier”可知，作者的生活因为露西的支持(supported)变得容易了。respected尊重；judged判断；surveyed调查。 5． A．adventure B．struggle C．suggestion D．performance 解析：选B。根据上文“However，little did I know that she had been fighting with depression for many years．”可知，露西分享自己和抑郁症的斗争(struggle)。adventure冒险；suggestion建议；performance表现。 6． A．protected B．satisfied C．trusted D．influenced 解析：选C。根据下文“enough to tell me that”可知，露西愿意敞开心扉是因为信任(trusted)作者。protected保护；satisfied满足；influenced影响。 7． A．search for B．communicate with C．turn down D．depend on 解析：选B。根据下文“her regularly and encouraged her to seek professional help”可知，作者试着定期和她沟通(communicate with)，鼓励她寻求专业帮助。search for寻找；turn down拒绝；depend on依靠。 8． A．forgetting B．proving C．explaining D．managing 解析：选D。根据上文“Finally，Lucy started seeing a doctor，and then she made progress in”可知，露西开始看医生，抑郁症病情得到了控制。manage表示“控制”。forgetting忘记；proving证明；explaining解释。 9． A．busier B．smarter C．weaker D．safer 解析：选A。根据上文“with increased learning tasks”可知，学习任务增加，变得更忙碌了(busier)。smarter更聪明的；weaker更虚弱的；safer更安全的。 10．A．encourage B．praise C．contact D．accept 解析：选C。根据下文“but there was no response”可知，作者尝试联系(contact)露西，但没有回应。encourage勇气；praise赞美；accept接受。 11．A．stood for B．kept away from C．took after D．lost track of 解析：选D。根据上文“but there was no response”可知，露西没有回应，到后来完全和露西失去了联系(lost track of)。stood for代表；kept away from避免；took after照顾。 12．A．hope B．tradition C．choice D．risk 解析：选A。根据上文“Weeks turned into months，and I gave up”可知，过去了很久，作者放弃了和对方联系上的希望(hope)。tradition传统；choice选择；risk风险。 13．A．instruction B．absence C．failure D．comment 解析：选B。根据上文“Weeks turned into months，and I gave up”可知，露西消失了好几个月，她在邮件中道歉并解释了她突然缺席(absence)的原因。instruction指导；failure失败；comment评论。 14．A．personality B．confidence C．creativity D．connection 解析：选D。根据上文可知作者和露西建立深厚的友谊，此处指这段关系(connection)对两人的影响。personality个性；confidence自信；creativity创造性。 15．A．warned B．cheated C．separated D．surprised 解析：选C。根据下文“by distance and time zones”可知，两人被距离和时区分隔开了(separated)。warned警告；cheated欺骗；surprised使惊讶。 Section Ⅱ　Using language—Attributive clauses (1) 分析下列课文原句中加黑部分的功能 1．What if the only way of getting news from faraway friends was writing letters that took ages to be delivered？ 2．Nowadays，we can move around the world and still stay in touch with the people that we want to remain friends with． 3．The digital age also enables us to find people who share our interests，such as collecting model cars or playing an unusual instrument． 4．Whatever our hobbies，the Internet can connect us with others who also enjoy doing them，even if they live on the other side of the world． 5．On social media sites，people tend to post only positive updates that make them appear happy and friendly． 【我的感悟】 1．句1，2，3，4，5中，that和who是关系代词，均引导定语从句； 2．句1中，that在从句中作主语，指物；句2中，that在从句中作宾语，指人；句3中，who在从句中作主语，指人；句4中，who在从句中作主语，指人；句5中，that在从句中作主语，指物。 一、定语从句概述 定义 在主从复合句中，对某一名词或代词起修饰限定作用的从句 先行词 被后面的定语从句修饰的名词或代词 关系代词 who；whom；whose；which；that；as 关系副词 when；where；why 分类 可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。前者紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去；后者主句与从句之间用逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如果省去，意思仍然完整。 二、关系代词的用法 1．who的用法：who指人，在从句中可作主语、宾语和表语。 There is a girl who wants to see you． 有个女孩儿想见你。 2．whom的用法：whom指人，在从句中作宾语，此时也可用who代替。 The old man who/whom you saw yesterday is a thinker． 你昨天见到的那位老人是位思想家。 3．whose的用法：whose既可指人也可指物，在从句中修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格。它可以转化为“the＋名词＋of which/whom”和“of which/whom＋the＋名词”的形式。 ①This is the scientist whose name is known all over the country． ＝This is the scientist the name of whom is known all over the country． 这就是那位全国知名的科学家。 ②Please pass me the book whose cover is green． ＝Please pass me the book the cover of which is green． 请递给我那本绿色封面的书。 4．that和which的用法 (1)which指物，that 既可指人也可指物；它们在从句中可作主语、宾语或表语，which和that在从句中作宾语时可以省略。 ①Please find a room which/that is big enough for all of us to live in． 请找一间足够大的能住下我们所有人的房间。 ②This is the house (which/that) we bought last month． 这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。 ③This is the thief (that) we have been looking for these days． 这就是我们近日来一直在找的小偷。 ————即学即练1———— 用适当的关系代词填空 ①He has two sons who/that work in the same company． ②Look，here are some people who/whom/that I want you to meet． ③Look out！ Don't get too close to the house whose roof is under repair． ④Do you work near the building whose colour is yellow？ ⑤The passengers who/that were injured in the accident are reported to have entirely recovered． ⑥The place that/which interested me most was the Children's Palace． 三、只用that不用which的情况 1．当先行词是all，little，few，none，anything，something，everything，nothing等不定代词时。 Can you give me anything that has no sugar inside？ 能不能给我点儿不含糖的东西？ 2．当先行词是序数词或形容词最高级或被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。 ①This is the first two-storey bus that runs in our city． 这是第一辆运行于我市的双层公交车。 ②Guilin is the most beautiful city that I have ever visited． 桂林是我游览过的最美丽的城市。 3．当先行词被the only，the very，the same，the right等修饰时。 This is the very scarf that my mother has been looking for． 这就是妈妈一直在找的那条围巾。 4．当先行词既有人又有物时。 We often talk about the persons and things that we remember． 我们常常谈起我们记得的那些人和事。 5．当主句是以which或who开头的特殊疑问句时。 Which is the car that has overtaken us？ 哪辆车超过我们了？ 【点拨】　关系代词指代先行词，在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语或表语，因此定语从句中不能再出现关系代词所替代的名词或代词。 [译]昨天晚上我们看的那部电影非常吓人。 [误]The film (that/which) we saw it last night is very frightening． [正]The film (that/which) we saw last night is very frightening． ————即学即练2———— 完成句子 ①这是我曾经读过的最有趣的故事。 This is the most interesting story that I have ever read． ②她在作文中描述了令她印象最深刻的人和地方。 She described in her composition the people and places that impressed her most． ③这是我参观过的最漂亮的公园。 This is the most beautiful park that I have visited． 用适当的关系代词填空 Friendship ①which/that is like a warm fire in the cold winter plays a vital role in our lives．I have a dear friend named Alex ②who/that has been by my side through thick and thin．He is the one with ③whom I have shared countless joys and sorrows． Last summer，we went on a trip to the mountains together．Along the way，Alex ④whose physical strength was remarkable always carried the heavier backpack for me．Another time，when I was struggling with my studies，Alex offered his help without hesitation．He spent hours teaching me the difficult knowledge ⑤that/which I couldn't understand．Among his classmates，there was a girl named Lucy ⑥who/that was also very helpful．She lent me some useful reference books ⑦whose contents were really beneficial to my study． These friendships ⑧that/which we have built are the most precious wealth in my life．They make me feel warm and supported，and I will always cherish them． 用适当的关系代词填空 1．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Those who are dressed inappropriately will be refused permission to participate． 2．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who/that does not take the trouble to spell words correctly． 3．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)It should give you a precise definition of each word，thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar，but not identical． 4．(2023·全国甲卷)It's the only Thai restaurant that ranks among the top 10 of the world's 50 best restaurants list． inspiring adj．鼓舞人心的； 启发灵感的[联想：inspire v．激励；鼓舞；唤起(感情)　inspired adj．受到鼓舞的；有灵感的　inspiration n．鼓舞；灵感] 【教材原句】　Her ideas are always inspiring． 她的想法总是鼓舞人心。 【用法归纳】 (1)inspire sb．to do sth． 激励某人做某事 inspire sb．with sth．＝inspire sth．in sb． 以……激励某人；激起某人的…… (2)draw inspiration from 从……中得到灵感 【佳句必背】　The event was truly inspiring，as people from all walks of life came together to support those in need．(应用文写作之活动评价) 这场活动真的很鼓舞人心，各行各业的人都齐聚一堂，为有需要的人提供支持。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①The coach's words inspired the team members to fight (fight) for the championship． ②Musicians draw their inspiration (inspire) from various musical styles． ③The story of their success against all odds is truly inspiring (inspire)． 【写成佳句】　改写句子 ④The teacher's encouragement and praise inspired the shy student with confidence． →The teacher's encouragement and praise inspired confidence in the shy student． patience n．耐心，耐性(联想：patient adj．有耐心的，能忍耐的 n．病人　patiently adv．耐心地) 【用法归纳】 (1)with patience 耐心地 have (no) patience with 对……(没)有耐心 lose patience with 对……失去耐心 (2)be patient with sb． 对某人有耐心 be patient of sth． 忍受/忍耐某事 【佳句必背】　She gave me a comforting smile and nodded while listening with patience．(读后续写之动作描写) 她给了我一个安慰的微笑，一边点头一边耐心地听着。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①The mechanic examined the car patiently (patient) to find out the problem． ②The volunteer was patient with the elderly in the nursing home，chatting with them kindly． ③A good leader should be patient of different opinions from his team members． 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ④(读后续写之动作描写)顾客对长时间等待服务失去了耐心，怒气冲冲地走出了餐厅。 The customer lost patience with the long wait for service and stormed out of the restaurant． anxious adj．焦虑的，不安的(联想：anxiously adv．焦急地，忧虑地；渴望地　anxiety n．焦虑，忧虑，担心) 【用法归纳】 (1)be anxious about sth．/for sb． 为某事/某人担心 be anxious for sth． 渴望某事 be anxious to do sth． 渴望/急于做某事 (2)with anxiety 担心地 【佳句必背】　①Faced with the problems above，I'm anxious to get your help．(应用文之求助信) 面对以上问题，我迫切希望得到您的帮助。 ②Anne waited at the station anxiously，worrying nobody would ever come to pick her up．(读后续写之心理描写) 安妮焦急地在车站等候，担心根本没有人来接她。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①It's understandable for students to be anxious about their exam results． ②The mother looked around anxiously (anxious)，searching for her lost child． ③The uncertainty of the future filled the young couple with anxiety (anxious)． 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ④(应用文之求助信)我急切地想提高我的英语写作技能，真心希望您能给我一些有效的学习方法。 I am anxious to improve my English writing skills，and I sincerely hope you can offer me some effective learning methods． distance v．使与……保持距离，撇清和……的关系 n．距离；远方；疏远(联想：distant adj．遥远的，远处的；久远的；冷淡的) 【教材原句】　．．．or use a past tense to distance yourself from the suggestion： I was wondering whether．．．……或者使用过去时来让自己与这个建议保持距离： 我想知道是否…… 【用法归纳】 (1)at a distance 隔一段距离；距离稍远 at a distance of．．． 相隔……；相距…… in the distance 在远方 keep sb．at a distance 对某人冷淡，与某人疏远 (2)distance．．．from．．． 使……与……疏远 (3)be distant from 离……远；与……相去甚远，与……不同 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①That evening we saw the lighthouse at a distance of 5 kilometers from the ship． ②She decided to distance herself from negative people and surround herself with positive influences． 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ③(读后续写之动作描写)他双手在嘴边拢成喇叭状，朝着远处航行的船只呼喊，但他的声音被风吹散了。 He cupped his hands around his mouth and shouted towards the ship sailing in the distance，but his voice was carried away by the wind． [课后分层练11] (时间：45分钟　满分：81．5分) Ⅰ．单句语法填空(每小题1分，共10分) 1．I was impressed by his inspiring (inspire) words，and I decided to cooperate with him． 2．Tom saw the friendly bird several times，and it got more comfortable (comfort) around him． 3．I appreciate the people who are humorous (humour)，because they can make me feel happy and relaxed． 4．Studies show that too much multitasking can lead to increased stress，anxiety (anxious) and memory loss． 5．Inspired (inspire) by the speech，the little girl made up her mind to work even harder． 6．He can make progress little by little．Please don't lose patience with him． 7．Something cheap doesn't necessarily mean it's of low quality． 8．There was a big storm after midnight and the rain poured down． 9．It is a great comfort for patients to be close to their loved ones． 10．They had purposely postponed going (go) to London till the autumn． Ⅱ．链接写作——完成句子(每小题2分，共12分) 1．在车祸中受伤的孩子们现在正在医院接受治疗。 The children who were injured in a car accident are being treated in the hospital now． 2．他住在一个窗子朝北的房间里。 He lives in a room whose window faces north． 3．每年来参观这座城市的人数达100万。 The number of people that/who come to visit this city each year reaches one million． 4．小女孩正在吃一个又大又红的苹果。 The little girl is having an apple which is big and red． 5．在伦敦他们参观的第一个地方是大本钟。 The first place (that) they visited in London was the Big Ben． 6．她把她感兴趣的人和物都拍摄下来。 She took photographs of the people and things that she was interested in． Ⅲ．链接写作——完成语段(每小题2分，共12分) Friendship is a thing 1that/which brings happiness (带来幸福) to people．Friendship is one of the most important things 2that people should have (人们应该拥有的)．People should make friends with those 3whose attitude is positive (态度是积极的)，because friends have a great effect on people．Honestly speaking，a real friend is a person 4who/that helps you (帮助你) when you are in trouble．They are those 5who/that share happiness and sorrow (分享快乐和悲伤) with you．They are brave to point out the mistakes 6that/which can affect your future (能影响你的未来)．A friend in need is a friend indeed．Everyone should have real friends and strive to be a real friend of others． Ⅰ．阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分) A (2025·湖南师范大学附属中学高一上期中)In a small coastal town，there lived two best friends，Sarah and Emily．They had been inseparable since childhood，sharing laughter，dreams，and endless adventures by the sea．Summers were spent exploring the rocky shores，where they imagined themselves as explorers uncovering hidden treasures． One sunlit afternoon，while searching for shells，they came across the most beautiful seashell they had ever seen．It was pearly white with lines of pink and blue，shining as if it held the magic of the ocean itself．Both girls were fascinated，and after a moment of silent admiration，they wished to keep it．Unable to decide who should have it，they made a promise： they would share it，taking turns keeping it for six months each． As the years passed，their lives took different directions．Sarah，ambitious and driven，moved to a distant city to pursue a career in the business world，while Emily stayed in their hometown，following her passion for painting the sea and the skies she loved so much．Though far apart，the seashell remained their silent connection，a reminder of their long-lasting friendship． One day，Sarah faced difficulty．Her job，the one she had worked so hard for，was at risk，and the busy city suddenly felt cold．Feeling lost，she thought of the seashell and called Emily．Without hesitation，Emily packed her bags and traveled to Sarah． When Emily arrived，she brought the seashell with her．Together，they sat in Sarah's apartment，holding the seashell and recalling their carefree childhood．Emily's warmth and presence reminded Sarah of who she truly was，and the strength she had within．Encouraged，Sarah decided to pursue her dream of starting her own business，and Emily's artwork decorated the walls of her new office，a symbol of their strong bond． The seashell，once a shared treasure，now symbolized their unbreakable friendship—a friendship that could weather any storm，no matter the distance or challenges they faced． [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Sarah和Emily从小到大的深厚友情，以及一个共享的海螺如何成为她们友情的象征，帮助她们面对生活的挑战。 1．Why did Sarah and Emily choose to keep the seashell？ A．Because they wanted to make a fortune． B．Because they had made a promise before． C．Because they saw magic when holding it． D．Because they were amazed by its beauty． 解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第二段中“It was pearly white with lines of pink and blue，shining as if it held the magic of the ocean itself．Both girls were fascinated，and after a moment of silent admiration，they wished to keep it．”可知，Sarah和Emily被贝壳的美丽所吸引，因此决定保留它。故选D项。 2．In what way was Sarah different from Emily？ A．Sarah's career progressed successfully． B．Sarah threw herself to painting seascapes． C．Sarah put her effort into business in the city． D．Sarah didn't work as hard as her friend． 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第三段中“Sarah，ambitious and driven，moved to a distant city to pursue a career in the business world，while Emily stayed in their hometown，following her passion for painting the sea and the skies she loved so much．”可知，Sarah雄心勃勃、积极进取，搬到了一个遥远的城市去追求商界的事业，而Emily则留在了家乡，追随自己热爱描绘大海和天空的绘画热情。因此Sarah和Emily的不同在于Sarah在城市里努力经商。故选C项。 3．What happened when Emily came to Sarah's place？ A．Sarah was inspired by her memories with the seashell． B．Sarah blamed Emily for not returning the seashell． C．Emily encouraged Sarah to start her own business． D．Emily decorated Sarah's apartment with her artwork． 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Emily's warmth and presence reminded Sarah of who she truly was，and the strength she had within．Encouraged，Sarah decided to pursue her dream of starting her own business”可知，Emily的出现激励了Sarah，她决定追求自己创业的梦想。选C项。 4．What is the best title for this story？ A．Seashells and Secrets B．Artworks of Friendship C．The Magic of the Sea D．The Seashell Bond 解析：选D。主旨大意题。通读全文并结合最后一段“The seashell，once a shared treasure，now symbolized their unbreakable friendship—a friendship that could weather any storm，no matter the distance or challenges they faced．”可知，整个故事围绕着Sarah和Emily共同发现的贝壳展开，贝壳先是她们共同珍视的宝贝，后来即使两人生活轨迹不同、相隔甚远，贝壳依然是她们之间的情感纽带，象征着她们牢不可破的友谊。D项“贝壳纽带”是文章最佳标题。 B Boys need friends．They feel sad when they don't think they have any and also worry about the changes in their friendships．Many adults may think that boys don't need friends as much as girls do．But this is not true．Boys value their friends a lot during childhood and adolescence．They are happier and healthier when they have close relationships with people of the same age． People often think that girls are better at handling relationships．But most boys consider their friends as a very important part of their lives．In fact，boys may be better at keeping friendships than girls．A recent study of children aged 10 to 15 found that girls' friendships are more easily broken．Girls tend to say and do things that hurt each other more often than boys．And girls feel more hurt when a friendship ends． Boys enjoy playing games with rules，competing，and doing things together．They like，and even need，chances to compare themselves with others．Many long-lasting friendships start in activities like karate (空手道) classes or on basketball courts．Boys respect skill and ability．Being the last one picked for a team or being left out can stay in a boy's mind for many years． As boys grow older，friendships become even more important．Their friend circle often expands to include girls．During their teenage years，friends can become the most important people in a boy's life，even more important than her parents．The confusion of being a teenager makes boys form close bonds with their friends．For many boys，a friend is someone who is always there for them，someone they can trust．The friendships among young boys can be very deep． [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文，介绍了男孩子们对友谊的态度。男孩子与女孩子一样需要友谊，而且可能比女孩子更善于维持友谊，随着年龄的增长，他们也将友谊看得越来越重要。 5．According to the passage，what do many adults think about boys' need for friends？ A．Boys don't need friends at all． B．Boys need friends more than girls． C．Boys need friends less than girls． D．Boys and girls need friends equally． 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第一段“Many adults may think that boys don't need friends as much as girls do．”可知，成年人觉得男孩对朋友的需要程度比女孩少，故选C项。 6．Who is more likely to have their friendships broken？ A．Boys aged 10 to 15． B．Girls aged 10 to 15． C．Boys and girls equally． D．Neither boys nor girls． 解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第二段“A recent study of children aged 10 to 15 found that girls' friendships are more easily broken．”可知，10到15岁的女孩更容易导致友谊破裂。故选B项。 7．What does the author want to prove by mentioning the study in Para．2？ A．Boys may be more active in a friendship． B．Boys may be better at keeping friendships than girls． C．Many people believe girls are better at relationships． D．Most boys consider their friends very important． 解析：选B。推理判断题。根据第二段中“In fact，boys may be better at keeping friendships than girls．”介绍男孩比女孩更擅长维持友谊；接着“A recent study of children aged 10 to 15 found that girls' friendships are more easily broken．Girls tend to say and do things that hurt each other more often than boys．And girls feel more hurt when a friendship ends．”介绍一项研究显示女孩的友谊更容易破裂，并解释了其原因。由此可推知，提到这项研究是想证实男孩比女孩更善于维持友谊。故选B。 8．Why do boys often form close bonds with their friends during their teenage years？ A．Because they feel confused and need support． B．Because they enjoy playing sports together． C．Because they want to compete with each other． D．Because they want to learn new skills． 解析：选A。细节理解题。最后一段提到 “The confusion of being a teenager makes boys form close bonds with their friends．”，说明男孩在青少年时期因为自身感到困惑，所以需要朋友的支持，进而形成紧密的情谊，故选 A项。 Ⅱ．阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) (2025·山东德州高一上期中)There have been times in your life when you may have almost no social interaction (社交)．Feeling lonely can be bad for your mental and physical health．1( )．I've been using many of the methods described here to build a satisfying social life for myself． Limit your social media usage If meeting people in real life is like eating a healthy meal，social media is like snacking．2( )．But you'll still feel like something's missing．Ask yourself whether time spent on social media is actually helping you to feel more connected，or whether it leaves you feeling worse．If it's not helping，try limiting the time you spend looking at other people's posts to 10 minutes per day．Doing so can reduce feelings of loneliness and depression． 3( ) To create a healthy and supportive social group，it's important that you consider what you need．And think about whether the people you are spending time with meet your needs．Try describing what a close friendship group would look like to you．It's rare that anyone will fit this description perfectly．But knowing what you value can make it easier to walk away from groups that are not a good fit for you． Connect your interests with social groups Your primary hobbies may not be things that you can share doing．4( )．Artists，for example，may paint alone but can share their work and discuss art socially．Remember that most people want to have a social group that is similar to them in terms of values，beliefs，and preferences．If you find people who share your interests，they're likely to be similar to you in other ways，too． 5( )．Every hour you spend interacting with people，you will become a little better at it． A．Turn people you know into friends B．It'll make you full enough to not want real food C．Ask yourself what type of friends you are looking for D．You can refer to the advice above when making friends E．Building up a social circle will always mean being refused F．But most activities have groups that share an interest in them G．Luckily，there are several ways for you to build up your social life [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文，介绍了几个建立社交生活的建议。 1．解析：选G。前文提到孤独对身心健康有害，后文介绍了建立社交生活的方法，G项“幸运的是，有几种方法可以让你建立自己的社交生活。”起到承上启下的作用，引出下文的方法。 2．解析：选B。该段讲限制社交媒体使用，将现实社交比作健康饮食，社交媒体比作零食。B项 “它会让你饱到不想吃真正的食物。”形象地说明了过度依赖社交媒体会让人满足于虚拟社交，而不想进行现实社交。 3．解析：选C。本段强调要考虑自身需求，思考什么样的友谊群体适合自己，C项“问问自己，你在寻找什么样的朋友。”符合段意。 4．解析：选F。该段说要将兴趣与社交群体联系起来。空前指出主要爱好可能无法共同参与，F 项 “但大多数活动都有共同感兴趣的群体。” 转折说明大多数活动都有有共同兴趣的群体，与下文举例艺术家虽独自作画但可社交分享艺术相呼应。 5．解析：选D。空处位于末段，应是总结上文，上文提出了几个建议，结合下文“Every hour you spend interacting with people，you will become a little better at it．”可知，D项“在交朋友的时候，你可以参考上面的建议。”符合语境，交朋友时可以参考上文建议，会变得更加擅长和别人交流。 Ⅲ．语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) (2025·广东深圳龙岗区高一上期中)Friends make up a huge part of most people's lives，but over time，friendships can fade (褪色) unless they 1 (maintain) carefully．Putting effort into friendships is key to enabling them 2 (stay) strong． Scientists have found that friendship plays a significant role in our mental (心理的) health．3 (spend) time with friends can increase our feelings of well-being，make us happy，4 improve our overall mental health． There 5 (be) no one way to keep friendships for good．In fact，not every friendship is meant to last forever，and sometimes it might pain us．“Being yourself” is one of the 6 (old) suggestions on making friends．To maintain strong friendships，you ought to try to be yourself so that you can exactly describe your needs and wants to someone else，giving them the opportunity to care for you 7 the best way． Whoever your friends are，their actions are out of your control．They may not choose to work toward being the best self they can be．8 only one you can control is yourself．Therefore，you may sometimes have to learn how to let those friendships go，or learn to put 9 (distant) between you and the other person if you often feel 10 (misunderstand) or disrespected by them． [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是友谊的重要性以及如何保持友谊。 1．解析：are maintained。考查时态和语态。句意：朋友在大多数人的生活中占据了很大的一部分，但随着时间的推移，友谊也会褪色，除非他们小心地维护。本句陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，且动词maintain与句子主语they之间为被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态are maintained。 2．解析：to stay。考查非谓语动词。句意：为友谊付出努力是使友谊保持牢固的关键。enable sb．to do sth．意为“使某人能够做某事”，故本空应用不定式形式。 3．解析：Spending。考查非谓语动词。句意：花时间和朋友在一起可以增加我们的幸福感，让我们快乐，并改善我们的整体心理健康。本空在句中作主语，故应用动名词形式。 4．解析：and。考查连词。根据句意可知，空前increase our feelings of well-being，make us happy和空后improve our overall mental health为并列关系，故用and连接。 5．解析：is。考查时态及主谓一致。句意：没有一种方法可以永远保持友谊。本句陈述客观事实，且主语 one way为单数，故本空应用is。 6．解析：oldest。考查形容词最高级。句意：“做你自己”是最古老的交友建议之一。“one of the＋形容词最高级＋名词复数”意为“最……之一”可知，故本空应用形容词的最高级。 7．解析：in。考查介词。句意：为了保持牢固的友谊，你应该试着做自己，这样你就可以准确地向别人描述你的需求和愿望，让他们有机会以最好的方式照顾你。in．．．way意为“以……方式”，故本空应用介词in。 8．解析：The。考查冠词。句意：你唯一能控制的就是你自己。only前应用定冠词the。the only one意为“唯一的一个”。 9．解析：distance。考查名词。句意：因此，有时你可能不得不学会如何放弃那些友谊，或者学会在你经常感到被误解或不被尊重的时候与别人保持距离。本空作动词put的宾语，故应用名词distance，意为“距离”。 10．解析：misunderstood。考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，有时你可能不得不学会如何放弃那些友谊，或者学会在你经常感到被误解或不被尊重的时候与别人保持距离。动词misunderstand与主语you之间为被动关系，故本空应用过去分词misunderstood，和空后disrespected并列。 Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas & Presenting ideas Step One　Lead-in Do you have a long-lost friend？Do you want to meet with him or her？ Yes，I have a long-lost friend．We were very close before，but lost touch because our families moved．I really want to meet her．I often think of our old times together．I'm curious about her life now and believe our friendship can be rekindled． Step Two　Read for the main idea 1．Arrange the following events in the correct order according to the story． A．The policeman notices a man standing outside a shop． B．The man shares that he and Jimmy grew up in New York like brothers． C．The man describes the dinner he had with Jimmy at “Big Joe” Brady's twenty years ago． D．The policeman inquires whether the man has had any contact with Jimmy since they parted． E．The man reveals that he and Jimmy lost touch after corresponding for a short period． F．The man states that he traveled a long distance to keep their twenty-year-old meeting promise． G．The policeman and the man begin to have a conversation． (A)→(G)→(C)→(B)→(D)→(E)→(F) 2．What's mainly talked about in the text？ A．The adventures of a policeman in New York． B．The promise of a man and his old friend made twenty years ago． C．The history of New York City． D．The challenges of making a fortune in the West． 答案：B Step Three　Read for details Ⅰ．Read the foreword carefully and do the following exercises． 1．The short story “After Twenty Years” takes place in New York on a cold，dark night． 2．The policeman，who is checking the area，notices a man standing outside a shop． 3．When the policeman approaches the man，he discovers that the man has a scar on his face． Ⅱ．Read Para．1 carefully and do the following exercises． 1．Where did the man dine with Jimmy Wells twenty years ago？ A．At a café in Chicag． B．At “Big Joe” Brady's in New York． C．At a hotel in the West． D．At a park in New York． 2．Why did the man go to the West？ A．To travel in the West． B．To find his friend． C．To let Jimmy leave New York． D．To earn a lot of money． 3．What did the man and Jimmy Wells agree on that night？ A．They would start a business together in twenty years． B．They would travel around the world together in twenty years． C．They would meet again at the same place after twenty years． D．They would write to each other every year for twenty years． 答案：1．B　2．D　3．C Ⅲ．Read Paras．2－3 carefully and do the following exercises． 1．Why did the man and Jimmy lose touch？ A．They fought with each other． B．The man was too busy in the big West． C．Jimmy didn't want to write． D．They forgot each other's address． 2．What does the man think of Jimmy？ A．Jimmy may forget their meeting． B．Jimmy is not a true friend． C．Jimmy will come if he is alive． D．Jimmy is too busy to come． 答案：1．B　2．C Step Four　Consolidation Discuss the following questions with your partners and present your answers to the class． 1．What will the two friends talk about first when they meet？ 2．How will they feel when they recognise each other？ 3．Did their personalities change？How will that affect their talk？ 4．What will they do after the meeting？ Your presentation： When the two friends meet，they'll likely talk about their past experiences in New York first，such as their life growing up there and the dinner at “Big Joe” Brady's．When they recognise each other，they'll feel extremely excited and overjoyed，with big smiles on their faces and perhaps a few happy tears．Their personalities might change．The one who went to the West may become more adventurous and open-minded due to his travels，while the one who stayed in New York may be more familiar with the local ways．This could make their talk a bit awkward at first as they adjust to each other's new attitudes，but their long-standing friendship will help them bridge the gap．After the meeting，they'll probably exchange contact information，promise to write or call regularly，and plan future get-togethers to strengthen their friendship． ◎ AFTER TWENTY YEARS The short story① “After Twenty Years” is set in② New York on a cold，dark night．Most people have left work to go home，and this part of the city is now quiet．A policeman who is checking the area[1]sees a man outside a shop．He goes up to the man and finds he has a scar③ on his face[2]．They have a chat and the man starts to tell his story． [1]who引导定语从句。 [2]省略了that的宾语从句。 “Twenty years ago tonight，”said the man，“I dined④ here at ‘Big Joe’ Brady's with Jimmy Wells，my best chum⑤，and the finest chap⑥ in the world．He and I were raised here in New York，just like two brothers，together．I was eighteen and Jimmy was twenty．The next morning I was to start for the West to make my fortune⑦．You couldn't have dragged⑧ Jimmy out of New York； he thought it was the only place on earth．Well，we agreed that night that we would meet here again exactly twenty years from that date and time，no matter what our conditions might be or from what distance⑨ we might have to come[3]．We figured that in twenty years each of us ought to⑩ have our destiny⑪ worked out and our fortunes made，whatever they were going to be[4]．” [3]“no matter＋疑问词”引导让步状语从句。 [4]whatever引导让步状语从句。 “It sounds pretty interesting，”said the policeman．“Rather a long time between meets，though，it seems to me．Haven't you heard from your friend since you left[5]？” [5]since引导时间状语从句。 “Well，yes，for a time we corresponded⑫，”said the other．“But after a year or two we lost track of⑬ each other．You see，the West is a pretty big proposition⑭，and I kept hustling⑮ around over it pretty lively．But I know Jimmy will meet me here if he's alive[6]，for he always was the truest，staunchest⑯ old chap in the world．He'll never forget．I came a thousand miles to stand in this door tonight，and it's worth it if my old partner⑰ turns up⑱[7]．” [6][7]if引导条件状语从句。 (Excerpts⑲ from “After Twenty Years” by O．Henry) ◎ ①short story 短篇小说 ②be set in 以……为背景 ③scar n．伤疤 ④dine v．进餐 ⑤chum n．好朋友 ⑥chap n．小伙子，家伙 ⑦fortune n．大笔的钱，巨款 make one's fortune 发财 ⑧drag v．拖，拉 ⑨distance n．距离，间距 ⑩ought to 应该，应当 ⑪destiny n．命运，天命 ⑫correspond v．通信 ⑬lose track of失去联系 ⑭proposition n．事业，生意 ⑮hustle v．拼命干，努力干 ⑯staunch adj．坚定的，忠实可靠的 ⑰partner n．伙伴，搭档 ⑱turn up (意外地或终于)出现 ⑲excerpt n．摘录，节录 ◎ 二十年后 短篇小说《二十年后》开始于纽约一个寒冷而又黑暗的夜晚。大部分人已经下班回家，城市的这个角落静悄悄的。一位正在这一区域巡逻的警察看到商店外有一个人。他走到那个人面前，发现他的脸上有一道疤。他们聊了起来。那个人开始讲述他的故事。 “20年前的今晚，”那个人说，“我和吉米·韦尔斯一起在‘乔老大’布雷迪餐厅吃饭。吉米是我最要好的朋友，是世界上最好的人。我们俩在纽约一起长大，就像亲兄弟一样。 那年我18岁，吉米20岁。第二天一早我就要去西部赚大钱了。可你没法把吉米拖出纽约，他觉得地球上只有(纽约)这么一个地方。那天夜里我们约好：20 年后同一日期、同一时间，我们还来这里会面，不管我们的境况如何，不管我们要从多远的地方来。我们当时觉得，不管要做什么，二十年的时间足够自己找到出路、挣到钱。” “这听起来很有趣，”警察说。“不过，在我看来(两次)会面相隔的时间太长了。你离开以后，没有收到过你朋友的信吗？” “嗯，有的。我们书信来往了一段时间。”那个人说。“但是大概过了一两年，我们彼此失去了联系。你知道，西部的生意相当大，在那里我一直忙得团团转。不过我知道吉米如果还活着，会来这里见我的，因为他一直是世界上最忠实、最可靠的老朋友。他永远不会忘记(我们的约定)。今晚，我从千里之外赶来站在这扇门前，只要我的老朋友出现，这一切就都是值得的。” (节选自《二十年后》，作者欧·亨利) fortune n．运气；命运；财富；大笔的钱，巨款(联想：fortunate adj．幸运的，运气好的　fortunately adv．幸运地) 【教材原句】　The next morning I was to start for the West to make my fortune． 第二天一早我就要去西部赚大钱了。 【用法归纳】 (1)have the good fortune to do sth． 有幸做某事 make a fortune 发财 try one's fortune 碰运气 (2)be fortunate to do sth．/in doing sth． 有幸做某事 【佳句必背】　I have the good fortune to have you as my mentor，and I am writing to express my sincere gratitude for your patient guidance and valuable advice．(应用文之感谢信)我有幸能有您作为我的导师，在此写信衷心感谢您的耐心指导和宝贵建议。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①They are fortunate to find (find) a peaceful place to live away from the city noise． ②If you can come up with an innovative business idea，you might make a fortune (fortunate)． ③Fortunately (fortunate)，they found the missing keys before they left the house． 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ④(读后续写之表情描写)他一脸坚定，收拾行囊，离开家乡去大城市碰运气，眼中满是对美好未来的憧憬。 With a determined look on his face，he packed his bags and left his hometown to try his fortune in the big city，his eyes full of hope for a better future． turn up (意外地或终于)出现； 调大；被找到 【教材原句】　I came a thousand miles to stand in this door tonight，and it's worth it if my old partner turns up． 今晚，我从千里之外赶来站在这扇门前，只要我的老朋友出现，这一切就都是值得的。 【用法归纳】 turn down 　 调小；拒绝 turn into 变成 turn out 证明是；结果是 turn to 转向；求助于，查阅 turn in 上交 【佳句必背】　The lost dog turned up in the neighbor's yard，wagging its tail happily，as if nothing had happened．(读后续写之动作描写) 那只走丢的狗出现在邻居的院子里，开心地摇着尾巴，就好像什么事都没发生过一样。 【练透考点】　补全句子 ①They asked him to join their project，but he turned them down (拒绝了他们) due to lack of time． ②When he has problems with his studies，he always turns to (求助于) his teacher for help． 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ③(读后续写之表情描写)当多年未见的老朋友出现时，她脸上绽放出灿烂的笑容，眼中闪烁着喜悦的光芒。 When the old friend she hadn't seen for years turned up，a big smile spread across her face，making her eyes sparkle with joy． ④(读后续写之哲理句)最终证明，我犯的错误教给了我一个宝贵的教训。 It turned out that the mistake I made taught me a valuable lesson． appointed adj．约定的，指定的(联想：appointment n．约会；约定，预约；委任) 【教材原句】　Bob，I was at the appointed place on time． 鲍勃，我准时来到了约定的地点。 【用法归纳】 (1)appoint v． 任命；委派；约定 appoint sb．(as/to be)．．． 任命某人(为……) appoint sb．to do sth． 委派某人做某事 (2)make/have an appointment with sb． 与某人约会/预约 keep/break one's appointment 守/违约 【佳句必背】　I'm writing to apologise to you for not being able to play football with you at the appointed time．(应用文写作之道歉信) 我写信是为了向你道歉，因为我没能在约定的时间和你一起踢足球。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①I regret to inform you that the meeting has been canceled at the appointed (appoint) time due to the unexpected situation． ②She has an appointment (appoint) with the interviewer and she is busy preparing for it now． ③The manager appointed them to handle (handle) the customer complaints． 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ④(读后续写之动作描写)得知自己被任命为队长，他抑制不住自己的激动，高兴地尖叫起来。 Learning he was appointed as/to be head of the team，he couldn't contain her excitement and screamed with joy． strike v．(struck，struck/stricken)打； 罢工；(时钟等) 敲响，报(时)；擦(火柴)；撞击； 侵袭； 给(某人以……)印象； 突然想起； 猛然发现 n．罢工； 打击 【教材原句】　When you struck the match to light your cigar I saw it was the face of the man wanted in Chicago． 当你划着火柴点燃雪茄时，我看到那正是芝加哥通缉的那个罪犯的脸。 【用法归纳】 (1)sth．strikes/struck sb． 某人突然想到…… It strikes/struck sb．that．．． 某人突然想到…… be struck by．．． 被……打动；迷恋…… strike sb．in/on the＋ 身体部位 打某人某部位 (2)be on/go on strike 在/举行罢工 【佳句必背】　He struck his toe on the corner of the bed and let out a yelp of pain．(读后续写之动作描写) 他的脚趾碰到床角，发出一阵疼痛的尖叫。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①It gave me a shock that an apple fell off the tree and struck me on the head． ②Unfortunately，the small village was struck (strike) by a powerful earthquake last night． ③It struck him that he had made a serious mistake in his calculation． ④Not until all the demands had been turned down did the workers decide to go on strike． 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ⑤(应用文之邀请信)我被你的艺术作品之美所打动，我想邀请你在我们的画廊展示你的作品。 I was struck by the beauty of your artwork and would like to invite you to showcase your pieces at our gallery． ashamed adj．感到不好意思的，难为情的(联想：shame n．羞耻；憾事) 【教材原句】　“Was he ashamed of having a friend like me？” Bob longed for an answer． “他为有我这样的朋友而感到羞耻吗？”鲍勃渴望得到答案。 【用法归纳】 (1)be ashamed of 对……感到羞愧或难为情 be ashamed that．．． 对……感到惭愧 be ashamed to do sth． 因做某事而感到惭愧 (2)It's a shame that．．． 真遗憾…… to one's shame 令某人感到羞耻的是 【佳句必背】　Hearing the words，the woman sat there ashamed，feeling her face burning．(读后续写之心理描写) 听到这些话，那位女士坐在那里感到羞愧，感觉脸上滚烫。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①They were ashamed (shame) that their team had lost the game because of their carelessness． ②She was ashamed to admit (admit) that she had failed the exam again． ③It is a shame that she missed the chance to meet her favourite singer． ④To my shame，I forgot my best friend's name for that moment． 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ⑤(读后续写之动作描写)He shifted his feet uneasily，ears reddening，and was ashamed of his rudeness to the elderly． 他不安地挪动着双脚，耳朵变红，为自己对老人的无礼感到羞愧。 have＋宾语＋宾语补足语 【教材原句】　We figured that in twenty years each of us ought to have our destiny worked out and our fortunes made，whatever they were going to be． 我们当时觉得，不管要做什么，二十年的时间足够自己找到出路、挣到钱。 【用法归纳】 (1)have sth．done 使某事被做；请人做某事；遭遇某事 (2)have sb．do 让某人做某事 (3)have sb．doing 让某人一直做某事(强调动作一直在持续) (4)have sth．to do 有某事要做 【佳句必背】　I intend to take up a part-time job，through which I can have my horizons broadened．(应用文之书信) 我打算做兼职工作，通过它我可以开拓视野。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①She had her car repaired (repair) last week because it broke down on the way． ②She had the water running (run) while she was brushing her teeth，which was a waste of water． ③Be quiet，boys and girls．I have an announcement to make (make)． 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ④(读后续写之动作描写)男孩窘迫得双手掩面。 Embarrassed，the boy had his face hidden in his hands． ⑤(应用文之道歉信)我很抱歉让您久等了，因为我有一个重要的会议要参加。 I sincerely apologise for having you waiting for so long，because I have an important meeting to attend． 1．strike A．v．打，击　B．v．(时钟等)敲响，报(时) C．v．擦(火柴) D．v．侵袭　E．v．给(某人以……)印象　F．v．突然想起，猛然发现 ①(2021·全国乙卷)His comment struck me as strange． E ②He struck a match to light the candle． C ③The earthquake struck the small town，causing great damage． D ④The angry man struck the table with his fist． A ⑤An idea suddenly struck me when I was reading the book． F ⑥The clock struck twelve at midnight． B 2．写出句中加黑单词的词性及汉语意思 ①The two athletes will partner in the doubles competition next week． v．结成伙伴，做搭档 ②This is something that's going to scar him forever． v．给……留下创伤 ③In the middle of the plain，a small village stood quietly． n．平原 [课后分层练12] (时间：40分钟　满分：80．5分) Ⅰ．单词拼写(每小题1分，共8分) 1．Although they have busy study schedules，these teenagers (青少年) still find time to volunteer at the local community center． 2．When I entered the classroom，I saw a scene (场景) of students helping each other with their difficult math problems． 3．Despite the long distance (距离) between the two cities，they often visit each other by taking the high-speed train． 4．A good dance partner (伙伴) can make the whole performance more wonderful and harmonious． 5．He slowly unfolded (展开) the map and tried to figure out the best route to their destination． 6．The library has a quiet atmosphere (气氛) that is perfect for reading and concentration． 7．Honesty is a fundamental quality (品德) that every person should possess． 8．She has a strong personality (个性) and is not afraid to speak her mind in public． Ⅱ．单句语法填空(每小题1分，共10分) 1．It was the coach's inspiring (inspire) speech that motivated the team to win the game． 2．The meeting started as scheduled at the appointed (appoint) time，and no one was late． 3．He is ashamed of not being able to keep his promise to his little sister． 4．My sister has a great passion for painting and has held several exhibitions of her works． 5．The sports event will be postponed (postpone) if the necessary facilities are not ready in time． 6．Teaching little kids requires a lot of patience (patient) as they are always full of energy． 7．It is important to create a comfortable (comfort) reading corner in the library for book lovers． 8．The athlete's anxiety (anxious) before the race made it difficult for him to sleep． 9．The generosity (generous) of the local people made the tourists feel welcome． 10．He regretted his decision bitterly (bitter) after realizing the consequences． Ⅲ．完成句子(每小题2分，共10分) 1．她去商场为聚会买了一些新衣服。(不定式作目的状语) She went to the mall to buy some new clothes for the party． 2．他走进一家理发店去理发。(have＋宾语＋宾语补足语) He went into a barber's shop to have his hair cut． 3．她是一位总是鼓励学生的老师。(who引导定语从句) She is a teacher who always encourages her students． 4．无论发生什么，我永远不会放弃我的梦想。(no matter＋疑问词) No matter what happens，I will never give up on my dream． 5．你应该早点告诉我会议的事。(情态动词＋have done) You should have told me about the meeting earlier． Ⅳ．课文语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) The short story After Twenty Years is set 1in New York on a cold，dark night．A policeman who 2is checking (check) the area sees a man outside a shop．He goes up to the man 3and chats with him．4The man starts to tell his story． Twenty years ago tonight，he dined here at“Big Joe”Brady's with his friend Jimmy Wells．The next morning he was 5to start (start) for the West to make his fortune．But Jimmy wouldn't leave New York．However，they agreed that night that they would meet here again 6exactly (exact) twenty years from that date and time，no matter what their 7conditions (condition) might be or from what 8distance (distant) they might have to come．9Although/Though they were out of touch with each other for a long time，he knew Jimmy would meet him here if he was alive，for he always was the 10truest (true)，and staunchest old chap in the world． Ⅰ．阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共10分) (2025·江苏连云港海州区高一上期中)Last month，I was sorting through an old box when I came across a time capsule，in purple and green floss (丝线)．Faded and worn，it was a friendship bracelet (手链)—an important part of my teenage summers．Holding it in my hand made me think about those precious memories of childhood，which my kids will never know firsthand． My handiwork wasn't beautiful．But what I remember is the beauty of the offering： slipping something into a friend's hand and knowing it would always be with them．The experience was intoxicating—like the serious business of exchanging wedding rings，it was a symbol of an unbreakable bond．Those bracelets represented how much we meant to each other，at a time when our friends were becoming the center of our lives． I slept with my bracelets and showered with them．I wore them all summer long at camp．And I acquired new bracelets from friends there—friends who received carefully crafted bracelets from me in return，as we said our tearful end-of-summer goodbyes．I thought having them helped ease the pain of leaving my friends．But now I see that they were really helping me to leave behind childhood． My kids don't go to summer camp．They certainly don't exchange anything as uncool as bracelets with their friends．They hang out on Discord in chats that only pause but never end．Our eldest son endlessly texts on his cellphone as he and his friends make one another talking emojis (表情符号) and TikTok videos． Their relationships with their phones leave no time or space for writing letters or making bracelets，and their gifts to one another leave no clear and definite traces．There will be no boxes of letters to sort years from now nor any hidden bracelets to find．They will have little to physically hold on to． [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者整理旧盒子发现了以前的友谊手链，让作者想起了自己的童年，以及如今的孩子的童年和作者的不同。 1．Why does the author associate a bracelet with a time capsule？ A．It is faded and worn． B．It was made by the author herself． C．It reminds her of her childhood． D．It is shaped like a capsule． 解析：选C。细节理解题。文章第一段提到作者在整理旧盒子时发现了友谊手链，觉得它就像一个时间胶囊，紧接着说 “Holding it in my hand made me think about those precious memories of childhood”，所以作者把手链和时间胶囊联系起来是因为手链能让她想起自己的童年。故选C。 2．What does the underlined word “intoxicating” mean in Paragraph 2？ A．Professional． B．Temporary． C．Exciting． D．Strange． 解析：选C。词义猜测题。根据画线词前“My handiwork wasn't beautiful．．．it would always be with them．”及后文“like the serious business of exchanging wedding rings，it was a symbol of an unbreakable bond”可知，作者的手工艺品并不是很美，但是当把它送给朋友时意义变得深刻，后文把这种经历比喻成交换结婚戒指，是一种牢不可破的纽带的象征。画线词“intoxicating” 表示“积极且让人激动、兴奋”。故选C。 3．Why does the author think her kids' childhood is different from hers？ A．They make more friends at summer camp． B．They spend too much time on their cellphones． C．They are unwilling to give bracelets to parents． D．They often send hand-made gifts to their friends． 解析：选B。细节理解题。文章第四段描述了作者孩子们的相处方式：他们在 Discord 上聊天，聊天只是暂停但从不结束，不停地在手机上发短信，互相发聊天表情和抖音视频。第五段提到“Their relationships with their phones leave no time or space for writing letters or making bracelets”，这些都表明作者认为孩子们花太多时间在手机上，与自己童年时通过制作和交换手链等方式建立友谊的情况大不一样，故选 B。 4．What can be inferred about the friendship bracelets？ A．They proved the author's kids had much to physically hold onto． B．They represented both the author and her kids' unforgettable childhood． C．They recalled the author's deep sorrow of leaving close friends at summer camp． D．They gave meaning to the author's childhood in a way her kids will never know． 解析：选D。推理判断题。文章第一段提到手链让作者想起童年珍贵回忆，而自己的孩子不会有这样亲身经历，最后一段也说孩子们现在的相处方式使得他们没有像手链这样实实在在可以留存、能承载回忆的物品，所以友谊手链以一种作者孩子们永远不会知道的方式赋予了作者童年特殊的意义，故选 D。 Ⅱ．阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) Defining what an ideal friend is like is not an easy task．1( ) However，generally speaking，there are certain qualities that most people would consider as characteristics of an ideal friend． The ideal friend knows how to show weakness．The ideal friends don't try to prove how successful they are．2( ) They tend to show how much they trust us by admitting failings and sorrows．They offer us the gift of their vulnerability (脆弱)． 3( ) More often than it's comfortable to admit，we don't quite know what we think until a proper friend gently asks us to expand on a thought，to explain why we're impressed by it and to find good answers to possible objections．They see the potential in what we're saying when we can't． The proper friend helps build our self-understanding．There are so many things we don't entirely comprehend about who we are．We find it hard to pin down our goals．4( ) We might have some strong opinions，but it can be difficult to explain really why these ideas matter to us．The right friend listens and helps us piece together the best account of our fears and excitements． They help us to like ourselves．Normally we're intently alive to our own shortcomings； it's more obvious，from our point of view，what's disappointing about us than what's attractive．We need a friend because we're likely to be so very unfriendly towards ourselves．5( ) A．A true friend helps us think． B．We get defensive and we don't really know why． C．Loyalty is a common quality given to ideal friends． D．The good friend likes us in ways we're not easily able to． E．Everyone has their own understanding of what the ideal friend is like． F．On the contrary，they let us know embarrassing things about themselves． G．They care for your well-being over any issues that may arise between you and them． [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一个理想的朋友所拥有的特征。 1．解析：选E。根据空前句“Defining what an ideal friend is like is not an easy task．”可知，要定义一个理想的朋友并不容易；根据空后句“However，generally speaking，there are certain qualities that most people would consider as characteristics of an ideal friend．”可知，有些品质是大多数人认为理想的朋友都有的。E项“理想的朋友是什么样的，每个人都有自己的理解。”承上启下，符合语境。 2．解析：选F。根据空前句“The ideal friends don't try to prove how successful they are．”可知，理想的朋友不会试图证明他们有多成功，F项“相反，他们让我们知道他们自己的糗事。”和前面的证明他们有多成功相反，符合语境。 3．解析：选A。本空为段落主题句。根据空后“a proper friend gently asks us to expand on a thought，to explain why we're impressed by it and to find good answers to possible objections”可知，A项“真正的朋友帮助我们思考。”概括了本段的主旨，可作为主题句。 4．解析：选B。根据段落主题句“The proper friend helps build our self-understanding．”可知，真正的朋友有助于建立我们的自我理解。根据空前句“There are so many things we don't entirely comprehend about who we are．We find it hard to pin down our goals．”可知，我们有很多事情不理解，本空应继续介绍我们不理解一些事情，B项“我们变得有戒心，我们也不知道为什么。”符合语境。 5．解析：选D。根据本段主题句“They help us to like ourselves．”和空前句“We need a friend because we're likely to be so very unfriendly towards ourselves．”可知，D项“好朋友喜欢我们的方式是我们不容易做到的。”承上启下，符合语境。 Ⅲ．语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) (2025·湖南长沙雅礼集团高一上期中)Friendship is one of life's greatest gifts，and it 1 (value) in both Eastern and Western cultures．One of the most famous sayings about friendship in China can be found in the words of Confucius： “Isn't it 2 joy when friends visit from faraway places？” In the U．K．，there is an 3 (equal) famous poem about friendship．It reminds people 4 (remember) and value old friendships，as they look to the years ahead．That poem is Auld Lang Syne． “Auld Lang Syne” is Scots and is translated word for word as “old long since”，5 (mean) “days gone by”．The poem was written by the great Scottish poet Robert Burns．It was printed in 1796，just after Burns's 6 (die)．And over the years it has become the song that is so familiar 7 us today．Joyful but at the same time a bit sad，Auld Lang Syne has featured in many films，including Waterloo Bridge，the film 8 made the song widely known to Chinese audience． So far，Auld Lang Syne 9 (translate) into many different languages，and is one of the world's best-loved songs now．It's played at parties，celebrations，festivals，and even at some shopping centers at closing time．Whatever language or occasion，it has become a symbol of friendship and 10 (share) experience—whether we can sing it or not． [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文，介绍了《友谊地久天长》这首歌曲，包括其起源以及在东西方的流行。 1．解析：is valued。考查动词时态和语态。句意：友谊是人生最珍贵的礼物之一，东西方文化都重视友谊。本句陈述客观事实，且句子主语it和动作value之间是被动关系，故本空应用一般现在时的被动语态。 2．解析：a。考查冠词。句意：中国有一句关于友谊的名言，出自孔子之口：“有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？”空后名词joy为抽象名词具体化，泛指“一件高兴的事情”，故应用不定冠词a。 3．解析：equally。考查副词。句意：在英国，有一首关于友谊的诗同样著名。本空修饰形容词famous，应用副词形式equally，意为“同样地”。 4．解析：to remember。考查非谓语动词。句意：它提醒人们在展望未来的岁月时，要记住并珍惜过去的友谊。remind sb．to do意为“提醒某人做某事”，故本空应用不定式形式。 5．解析：meaning。考查非谓语动词。句意：“Auld Lang Syne”是苏格兰语，逐字翻译为“很久以前”，意思是“过去的日子”。本空作状语，动词mean和句子主语Auld Lang Syne是主动关系，故应用现在分词形式作状语。 6．解析：death。考查名词。句意：它于1796年印刷，就在伯恩斯去世后。根据空前名词性物主代词Burns's可知，本空应用名词形式。 7．解析：to。考查介词。句意：多年来，它已经成为我们今天如此熟悉的歌曲。be familiar to sb．意为“为某人所熟悉”，故本空应用介词to。 8．解析：that/which。考查定语从句。句意：《友谊地久天长》充满欢乐，但同时也有些伤感，它出现在许多电影中，包括《魂断蓝桥》，正是这部电影让这首歌在中国观众中广为人知。本空引导定语从句，修饰先行词film，本空在从句中作主语、指物，应用关系代词that或which作引导词。 9．解析：has been translated。考查时态及语态。句意：句意：迄今为止，《友谊地久天长》已被翻译成多种语言，现在是世界上最受欢迎的歌曲之一。根据时间状语So far可知，本空应用现在完成时，且动词translate和句子主语Auld Lang Syne之间是被动关系，故本空应用现在完成时的被动语态。 10．解析： shared。考查形容词。句意：无论在何种语言或场合，它都已成为友谊和共同经历的象征——无论我们是否会唱。本空修饰experience，应用形容词形式shared，意为“共享的，共同的”。 Section Ⅳ　Writing—Writing an ending to a story 本单元的写作任务是给故事续写结尾。续写的内容要前后衔接，上下连贯，语言表达风格一致。要有跌宕起伏的情节，且基于故事发展预测正能量结局。一般步骤如下： 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。 A farmer grew some vegetables in his garden．One day his wife was ill and he had no money．He had to sell some cabbages and carrots in the market．The next morning he took two baskets of vegetables to town．But it was raining hard that afternoon and there were few people in the street．When his vegetables were sold out，it was dark．He bought some medicine and hurried to his village． On his way home he saw a person lying on the snow．He placed his baskets on the ground and was going to help the person to get up．At that time he found it was a dead man and there was much blood on his body．He was so afraid that he ran away quickly，without taking the baskets with him． The next afternoon the farmer was sent to the police station． Having shown the baskets，an officer asked，“Are these yours？”“Yes，sir，”the farmer answered timidly (胆怯地)． “Have you killed the man？” “No，no，sir，”the farmer said in a hurry． “When did you see the dead man？” “About seven last evening．” “Did you see who killed the man？”“No，sir．” The officer brought out a knife and asked，“Have you seen it yet？”“No，sir．”The officer became angry and told the policeman to beat him up and send him into prison．The officer wanted to trap the farmer into making a confession (供认)，but the farmer didn't admit he was the murderer． Paragraph 1 The officer was so angry that he asked the policeman to beat him up again．　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Paragraph 2 The farmer was lucky．A few days later，　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Step 1　读懂大意·理清脉络 人物 a farmer，his wife，a dead man，an officer，a policeman 事件 ①A farmer's wife was ill and he had to sell some cabbages and carrots． ②When his vegetables were sold out，he bought some medicine and hurried to his village． ③On his way home he saw a dead man．He was so afraid that he ran away quickly，without taking the baskets． ④The next afternoon the farmer was sent to the police station． ⑤The officer wanted to trap the farmer into making a confession，but the farmer refused to admit he was the murderer． Step 2　细读首句·构思框架 Paragraph 1 两段首句定一框：由第一段首句“The officer was so angry that．．．”可知，农民继续挨打并坐牢，但他决不妥协。由第二段首句“The farmer was lucky．A few days later．．．”可知，第二段才会出现转机。第一段依然是写农夫在狱中的遭遇、所想、所做。注意结尾要与第二段语义衔接。 Paragraph 2 二框二首正能量：由续写的第二段首句中的“lucky”可知，被冤枉的农夫肯定能守得云开见月明。由正能量结尾可推测，真正的凶手被抓到了，而且农夫可以回家和妻子团聚了，生病的妻子病好了。 Step 3　增加细节·开始写作 Paragraph 1 已知本段应写农夫在牢中的遭遇、所想、所做。因此，本段可以这样构思： 所遇：农夫被打，遍体鳞伤→所想：想到死刑，非常害怕；不是己为，决不承认→所做：陈述真相，无人相信；寄托希望，有人相救 Paragraph 2 已知本段应写真相大白，凶手被抓，农夫妻子病愈。因此，可以这样构思： 目击者出现，提供证据→经过调查，真相大白→凶手被抓，农夫被释→妻子病愈，夫妻相拥 Step 4　修改润色·整洁誊写 Paragraph 1 The officer was so angry that he asked the policeman to beat him up again．The farmer was beaten black and blue all over．Thinking that he would be sentenced to death，he felt extremely frightened．But he didn't kill anyone，and he was innocent．On no account did he admit what he didn't do．He told the truth to the police，but no one believed him．He could only hope that someone would come to his rescue． Paragraph 2 The farmer was lucky．A few days later，a young man came to the police station with a lot of journalists，saying that he saw the murderer．It was the police officer who killed the man！ He saw the police officer kill the man with a knife and then run away late in the evening．After investigation，what the young man said was right．The police officer was sent to prison and the farmer was set free．Hurrying home，the farmer found his wife recovered from her illness．They hugged each other，with tears in their eyes． 主题：友谊 情感描写 ①inspiring 　adj．鼓舞人心的，启发灵感的 ②anxious adj．焦虑的，不安的 ③bitterly adv．痛苦地，愤恨地 ④ashamed adj．感到不好意思的，难为情的 ⑤strike 　　 　v．打动 ⑥passion n．强烈的情感，激情 ⑦comforting adj．令人安慰的 人物描写 ①patience n．耐心 ②generosity n．慷慨，大方 ③humour n．幽默感 ④quality n．素质，品德 ⑤ordinary adj．普通的，平常的 ⑥scar n．伤疤 ⑦plain adj．简单的，朴素的 ⑧personality n．个性，性格 动作描写 ①comfort v．安慰，抚慰 ②distance v．使与……保持距离，撇清和……的关系 ③tend v．易于做某事，往往会发生某事 ④pour v．灌，注，倒，涌流 [语段情景用]　面对失败，我心灰意冷，此时我最好的朋友前来安慰我…… I was really ashamed of my recent failure and cried bitterly．My best friend，who 1．has a sense of humour and a warm personality (有幽默感且性格热情)，paid me a visit．She just walked over，gave me a big hug，2．which was really comforting (这真的很鼓舞人心)．Then she sat beside me and listened to me 3．with great patience (带着极大的耐心)when I 4．poured out all my troubles (倾诉我所有的烦恼)．She told me，“Everyone has encountered failures，but they don't define you．You have so many amazing qualities like your generosity and passion for life．” 5．It struck me that (我突然意识到) I shouldn't be so down．After that，6．she tended (to) me (她照顾我) like a caring nurse，making sure I ate well and got enough rest．She made me feel the warmth of true friendship and 7．comforted my wounded heart (抚慰了我受伤的心灵)． 单元过关检测卷(四) [Unit 4] (满分：120分　时间：100分钟) 第一部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A You're becoming an adult； your friends are changing； school is more challenging； and your life has more ups and downs than it used to．These books below are just for you to deal with the changes． Say Goodbye to Stress by Dr．Jeff Brown Kindle Edition： ＄11.79 Paperback： ＄16.95 Many have trouble getting their stress under control and want help．This book will encourage stressed-out readers with its stories from people like them about how they resolved or rethought the stress in their lives，learned to let go of anxiety and worry，and improved their lives by dealing with stress． Find Your Inner Strength by Amy Newmark Kindle Edition： ＄7.99 Paperback： ＄12.75 This powerful collection of stories will inspire you and help you find the inner strength to deal with the challenges in your own life．We are stronger than we think when we have to be．These brave people are the role models that show us all what is possible． Random Acts of Kindness by Amy Newmark Kindle Edition： ＄12.99 Paperback： ＄17.77 Make miracles happen for yourself and others．It's easy．Just think outside the box and look around．There are so many ways that you can help—and it turns out the biggest beneficiary(受益人)may be you！ Scientific studies have shown that “doing good” is good not only for others but also for the person doing it，making the person happier and healthier． Be the Best You Can Be by Amy Newmark Kindle Edition： ＄10.99 Paperback： ＄15.67 This collection shows kids positive role models to follow in its stories about making good choices，having confidence，and doing the right things．Parents and grandparents will enjoy discussing the stories with children，making it a family event． [语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四本心灵鸡汤系列的书。 1．How will you feel after reading Say Goodbye to Stress？ A．Moved． B．Awkward． C．Relaxed． D．Confused． 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据Say Goodbye to Stress by Dr．Jeff Brown中“This book will encourage stressed-out readers with its stories from people like them about how they resolved or rethought the stress in their lives，learned to let go of anxiety and worry，and improved their lives by dealing with stress．”可知，这本书通过讲述和读者类似的人如何解决压力、放下焦虑并改善生活的故事，来鼓励那些压力过大的读者。所以读完Say Goodbye to Stress后，你会感觉放松。故选C项。 2．What is unique to Find Your Inner Strength？ A．It is written by a well-known author． B．It is the cheapest of the four books． C．It has role models for kids to follow． D．It shows readers how to do good deeds． 解析：选B。细节理解题。根据Find Your Inner Strength by Amy Newmark中“Kindle Edition： ＄7．99； Paperback： ＄12．75”并对比这四本书的价格可知，Find Your Inner Strength是最便宜的。故选B项。 3．Which book is suitable for people without confidence？ A．Say Goodbye to Stress． B．Find Your Inner Strength． C．Random Acts of Kindness． D．Be the Best You Can Be． 解析：选D。细节理解题。根据Be the Best You Can Be by Amy Newmark中“This collection shows kids positive role models to follow in its stories about making good choices，having confidence，and doing the right things．”可知，这本书通过故事向孩子们展示积极的榜样，内容涉及如何拥有自信，所以缺乏自信的人最适合读Be the Best You Can Be。故选D项。 B (2025·山东聊城高一上期中)Back in my room I found an envelope on the doorstep．I opened it and found a new set of my latest photographs．This was the second envelope that I had received ever since I moved into the hotel two weeks ago．This time I had made up my mind to check with the hotel reception． I had reached the reception desk when suddenly a middle-aged man interrupted me “Hello，Ms．Drew．I am Benson．．．living in Room No．14．．．” The man introduced himself as I shook his hand．“I put the envelopes at your doorstep．．．” He then asked me to go with him．We silently walked through the little passage between the closed rooms to stop at Room No．14．He knocked at the door and called out “Angie，please open the door．” A ten-year-old girl opened the door．She looked like an angel dressed in a white cotton dress．The girl looked surprised but wore a smile on her lips．“This is my daughter，Angie．She was the one who took your pictures，” Benson said．I questioningly stared at Angie as she poured my coffee．She smiled at me，as if knowing what I was going to ask，and she said “You remind me of my mom，who passed away when I was five．．．” Angie's blue eyes welled up with tears．She brought in an old photo album with her family pictures．Though I looked in no way similar to the woman in the picture，I felt she thought I looked familiar in some facial angle (角度) and dressing style．The next two hours Angie and I enjoyed great time together． Day-to-day evening walks along the long beach side defined our relationship as more than just friends．After a week，I moved out of the hotel as my work in the city was over．A tearful Angie said goodbye to me，promising to keep in touch．Each season Angie greets me with long mails about her school，her vacation with dad and much more．The bond which we share strengthens each day． [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Drew女士收到自己照片后对拍照人很好奇，最后得知是一个名叫Angie的小女孩因为Drew女士像她的母亲而拍下的，两人因此结缘并建立深厚情谊的故事。 4．How did Ms．Drew feel about receiving the photos？ A．Confused． B．Relieved． C．Amused． D．Excited． 解析：选A。推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，Drew女士在两周内第二次收到装有自己照片的信封，这次她决定去和酒店前台核实情况。可推知，她对于收到这些照片是感到困惑的，不知道是谁放的以及出于什么目的。故选A项“Confused(困惑的)”。B 项 “Relieved(宽慰的)” ，C 项 “Amused(觉得好笑的、被逗乐的)”，D 项 “Excited(兴奋的)” 不合文意。 5．Why did Angie take pictures of Ms．Drew？ A．She obeyed her father's command． B．Ms．Drew had her mother's feature． C．She intended to show off her skills． D．Ms．Drew offered to be her model． 解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第四段“You remind me of my mom，who passed away when I was five．．．”可知，Drew女士让她想起了五岁时去世的妈妈，所以她才会给Drew女士拍照。故Angie拍Drew女士的照片是因为Drew女士有她母亲的特征。故选B项。 6．What can we infer about Ms．Drew and Angie？ A．They lost touch with each other． B．They chose to form a new family． C．They revisited the hotel at last． D．They became deeply attached． 解析：选D。推理判断题。根据第五段中“The next two hours Angie and I enjoyed great time together．”和最后一段中“A tearful Angie said goodbye to me，promising to keep in touch．Each season Angie greets me with long mails about her school，her vacation with dad and much more．The bond which we share strengthens each day．”可知，Drew女士和Angie一起度过了愉快时光，后来分别时很不舍，还一直保持联系，关系日益深厚。可推断出，Drew女士和Angie变得感情深厚。D项中“deeply attached”意为“深深地依恋”。 7．What message does the story convey？ A．Helping others makes yourself joyful． B．Father's love is always silent but deep． C．Warm ties can form between strangers． D．Ups and downs make a little girl strong． 解析：选C。推理判断题。通读全文可知，Drew女士因为收到自己的照片而去酒店前台询问，却意外结识了因为想念母亲而给她拍照的Angie，两人因此建立了深厚的情谊。所以这个故事主要讲述了陌生人之间也可以形成温暖的联系。故选C项。 C Having friends is obviously good for countless reasons．And showing the world that you have lots of friends，for example on social media，seems like a great idea．If that is the truth，your goal is to enlarge your social network．Once people see how popular you are，they'll want to join that popular circle，perhaps in the hope that some of your popularity will rub off on them．Thus，they may enlarge their friend circle． However，can a person even have too many friends at the same time？It's always been a misunderstanding that if you have more friends，people will be more likely to want to be friends with you． In fact，a new study published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology shows that having too many friends may work against you．In a series of experiments，the authors prove that people usually prefer to befriend those who have fewer friends than they do，rather than those with more friends．The authors call this phenomenon (现象) the “friend-number paradox (悖论)”，which is also the title of their new paper． Social ties are obviously important．Having more of these connections suggests greater social value，and more potential possibilities．So it seems reasonable to assume that people will focus their social energies on making friends with people who have lots of friends already． But the problem is that these social ties are only valuable if there's reciprocity (互惠) involved．Friendship goes hand in hand with certain responsibilities and expectations．And people with lots of friends may not be able to carry out those responsibilities—especially those with too many friends． In other words，“friendship quality” matters as much，if not more，than only the number of friends you have．Having lots of friends means your valuable social resources become dilute (稀释的)，making you less able to be a good friend．And other people will consider the fact when deciding whether to make friends with you．They don't want to spend their valuable social resources on someone who is unlikely to pay it back． [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，拥有太多的朋友不一定就越好，友谊的质量更重要。 8．What do the underlined words “rub off on” in Paragraph 1 mean？ A．Look forward to． B．Hold on to． C．Have an impact on． D．Take control of． 解析：选C。词义猜测题。根据第一段中“Once people see how popular you are，they'll want to join that popular circle，perhaps in the hope that”及下句“Thus，they may enlarge their friend circle．”可知，当人们看到你受欢迎，会希望你的受欢迎度会影响他们，这样他们就会扩大自己的朋友圈，画线短语与Have an impact on(影响)意思相近。故选C项。 9．What does the “friend-number paradox” show？ A．The secrets to becoming popular． B．The ways of winning more friends． C．The advantages of having many friends． D．The problems with having many friends． 解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第三段 “the authors prove that people usually prefer to befriend those who have fewer friends than they do，rather than those with more friends．The authors call this phenomenon the ‘friend-number paradox’” 可知，“朋友数量悖论” 表明人们通常更愿意和朋友数量比自己少的人交朋友，而不是朋友多的人，这体现了朋友数量多可能带来的问题，即别人可能因此不愿意和你交朋友。故选D项。 10．What does the author think of people with lots of friends？ A．They don't know about reciprocity． B．They may fail to perform their duties． C．They are more likely to be good friends． D．They have more valuable social resources． 解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第五段 “And people with lots of friends may not be able to carry out those responsibilities—especially those with too many friends．” 可知，作者认为朋友很多的人可能无法履行作为朋友的责任。故选B项。 11．What would be the best title for the text？ A．How Do People Choose Their Friends？ B．More Friends Are Not Necessarily Better C．Why Do People Like Having More Friends？ D．People With More Friends Are More Popular 解析：选B。文章标题题。文章开篇提到人们认为朋友多好，接着通过新研究表明朋友过多可能适得其反，阐述了朋友数量多带来的问题，强调朋友的质量和数量同样重要，即朋友并非越多越好。B项“朋友不一定越多越好”与本文主旨相符，可以作为本文的最佳标题。 D (2025·陕西汉中高一上期中)When you step outside to throw out the trash，go to a social event or go for a walk，thoughts like “I hope I don't see anyone I know” or “please don't talk to me” may run through your mind．I've also said such things to myself．Sometimes the last thing you want to do is to talk with someone，especially someone new． Why do we go out of our way to avoid people？Do we think meeting new people is a waste of time？Or are we just lazy，thinking that meeting someone new really is a trouble？ Communication is the key to life．We have been told that many times．Take the past generations，like our parents，for example．They seem to take full advantage of that whole “communication” idea because they grew up talking face to face while Generation-Y grew up staring at screens．We spend hours of our days sitting on social media．We send messages to our friends and think about all of the things we want to say to certain people that we don't have the courage to do in reality． Nowadays，we are so caught up in our little circle of friends—our comfort zone．We love it that they laugh at our jokes，understand our feelings and can read our minds．Most importantly，they know when we want to be alone．They just get us． Holding a conversation with someone new means agreeing with things that you don't really believe and being someone you think they want you to be—it is，as I said before，a trouble．It takes up so much energy，and at some point or another，it is too tiring． But meeting new people is important．Life is too short，so meet all the people you can meet，make the effort to go out and laugh．Remember，every “hello” leads to a smile—and a smile is worth a lot． [语篇解读]本文是一篇议论文。文章分析了为什么年轻人不喜欢结交新朋友，并鼓励人们认识新朋友。 12．What do we learn about the author？ A．He likes to meet someone new． B．He feels stressed out lately． C．He's active in attending social events． D．He used to be afraid of talking to others． 解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第一段中“When you step outside to throw out the trash，go to a social event or go for a walk，thoughts like ‘I hope I don't see anyone I know’ or ‘please don't talk to me’ may run through your mind．I've also said such things to myself．Sometimes the last thing you want to do is to talk with someone，especially someone new．”可知，作者过去害怕和别人说话。故选D。 13．What's the problem of Generation-Y in the author's eyes？ A．They rely on the Internet to socialize． B．They are less confident in themselves． C．They have difficulty in communicating． D．They are unwilling to make new friends． 解析：选A。推理判断题。根据第三段中“We spend hours of our days sitting on social media．We send messages to our friends and think about all of the things we want to say to certain people that we don't have the courage to do in reality．”可知，作者认为，Y一代依靠互联网进行社交。故选A。 14．Why do many young people avoid meeting new people？ A．They think it troublesome． B．They are busy with their study． C．They fear to disappoint their friends． D．They want to do meaningful work． 解析：选A。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Holding a conversation with someone new means agreeing with things that you don't really believe and being someone you think they want you to be—it is，as I said before，a trouble．”可知，许多年轻人不愿结识新朋友的原因是他们认为这很麻烦。故选A。 15．Why does the author write the text？ A．To stress the importance of friends． B．To give tips on how to meet new people． C．To encourage people to meet new people． D．To display the disadvantages of Generation-Y． 解析：选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段“But meeting new people is important．Life is too short，so meet all the people you can meet，make the effort to go out and laugh．”可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是鼓励人们认识新朋友。故选C。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 (2025·江苏南通高一上期中)Similar to social anxiety，friendship anxiety refers to an overwhelming sense of worry about friendships and interactions with friends．Those with friendship anxiety often worry that their friends secretly find them annoying (烦人的) or don't want to be around them．16( ) ▲ Communicate openly and honestly about your anxiety． While it may be difficult to open up to your friends about how you're feeling，it's one of the best ways to deal with your anxiety．17( ) You never know—your friends could also be experiencing friendship anxiety，and this is a great way for you both to deal with it together． ▲18( ) Friendships can provide social and emotional support，but it's important to remember that they can't meet all of your needs．It's possible you're experiencing friendship anxiety because you're trying to get too much satisfaction from your friendships．Be realistic about what you want from your friendships and what they can actually provide and look for other ways you can be emotionally satisfied． ▲ Focus on quality over quantity when it comes to friends． Sometimes，people with friendship anxiety worry about whether or not they have enough friends and constantly try to make new connections．19( ) It's better to have one or two friends who truly care about you than a group of “friends” you're not actually that close to．Choose friends who have your back and want the best for you． ▲ Give yourself time to overcome your feelings． You likely won't get over your friendship anxiety overnight，and that's okay．20( ) Accept yourself for where you are now，and remember that progress is progress，no matter how small it may seem．Having friendship anxiety doesn't make you a bad friend—if anything，it shows how deeply you care about your friendships．You're putting in the work to make sure you can support your friends as much as possible． A．However，this often leads to more stress． B．Set realistic expectations about your friendships． C．Learn to be more comfortable doing things alone． D．There are some ways to deal with friendship anxiety． E．Some tips on helping a friend who has anxiety are as follows． F．Don't be too hard on yourself if you struggle with any of these steps． G．Telling your friends about your feelings helps build trust in the friendship． [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文，介绍了友谊焦虑的定义和几种处理友谊焦虑的方法，为读者提供关于友谊焦虑及其应对策略的信息。 16．解析：选D。文章开篇介绍了友谊焦虑的概念，后文则围绕应对友谊焦虑的方法展开。D项 “有一些应对友谊焦虑的方法。”起到承上启下的作用，引出下文应对友谊焦虑的具体措施。 17．解析：选G。该段主题是 “公开诚实地交流你的焦虑”，强调向朋友敞开心扉是应对焦虑的好方法。G项 “告诉朋友你的感受，有助于在友谊中建立信任。”进一步说明了向朋友倾诉感受的好处，与该段主题相符。 18．解析：选B。空处为小标题。根据后文“对友谊的期望要现实一些，清楚自己想从友谊中得到什么以及友谊实际能提供什么，寻找其他获得情感满足的方式”。 可知，该段主要讲要对友谊设定现实的期望，B项 “对你的友谊设定现实的期望。” 符合段意。 19．解析：选A。前文提到“有时，有友谊焦虑的人担心自己朋友不够多，不断尝试结交新朋友。”，A 项“然而，这往往会导致更多压力。”中“this” 指代前文 “不断尝试结交新朋友” 这一行为，且“导致更多压力” 与后文“拥有一两个真正关心你的朋友比一群不太亲近的朋友更好”形成对比，说明盲目追求朋友数量可能带来负面结果。 20．解析：选F。该段主题是 “给自己时间克服这种感觉。”，F项“如果你在这些步骤中遇到困难，不要对自己太苛刻。”符合该段所表达的要接受自己当下的状态，不要急于求成的意思。 第二部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中$