2026年中考英语语法复习学案之名词

名词 知识清单 1、 名词的概念与分类 2、 名词的数 3、 名词所有格 4、 名词的用法 考点聚焦 一、名词的数 1．可数名词的数 (1）一般情况下在名词的词尾直接加________________。 (2）以﹣s,-x,-ch,-sh结尾的名词直接加________________。 (3）以﹣y结尾的名词： a．以"辅音字母 +y"结尾的名词，把y变成 ，再加___________ b．以"元音字母 + y"结尾的名词直接在词尾加﹣s。 (4）以﹣f和﹣fe结尾的名词变﹣f或﹣fe为________________，再加________________ (5)某些特殊名词的复数：man-____________；woman-________________； tooth-________________； foot-________________；child -________________ (6）以﹣o结尾的词通常有生命的加________________，无生命的加 ________________。 (7）单复数同形的词：sheep, fish, Chinese,Japanese等。 2．常见的不可数名词 advice, work, fish, news, information,weather, luggage, milk, rice, soup, water,money,meat,furniture 3．不可数名词的数 不可数名词在需要计量时，要加上表示量的名词，如：a glass of / a bottle of / a piece of... 易错辨析： 表示具体事物的可数名词，用于表示抽象或物质意义时，便转化为不可数名词。如：a chicken（一只小 鸡）- chicken（鸡肉）,an orange（一个橙子）-orange（橙色，橙汁） 同步跟踪 1. Many ___________(research) have shown that having breakfast is good for us. 2. We students should take part in different kinds of ___________ (activity) though we are busy studying all day. 3. The brave man saved many people's ___________(life).We are proud of him. 4. He usually brushes his ___________ (tooth) at 7 o'clock. 5.___________ (child)should be taken good care of. 6.- Do you want to have___________？ - No, thanks. I have had many of them. A.some more orange B. some more oranges C. any more orange 7.- Would you like to have___________？ - Yes. I'd like to have a little. A.some more orange B. any more orange C. some more oranges 8. If you like chicken, you can have as ___________ as you can. A. much B.many C. more 9.I can see some ___________ running on the farm. A. chicken B.chickens C.chick 二、名词所有格 1.'s所有格的构成 表示有生命的事物的名词的所有格一般在其后加's，构成形式如下： (1）一般在单数名词后或者不规则复数名词后直接加___________。 (2）以﹣s或﹣es结尾的复数名词的所有格，只需在名词右上方加___________。 (3）如果一样东西为两个人共有，则在________名词词尾加's；如果不是共有，则在________名词词尾分别加's。 (4）表示时间、距离、国家、城市等无生命的名词，也可以在词尾加"'s"或“ ‘ ’”以构成所有格。 2.of所有格表示无生命事物的所属关系 同步跟踪 1. September 10th is ___________ (teacher) Day. We should say thanks to our teachers because of their hard work. 2. June 1st is ___________ (child) Day, which is a happy day for all the children. 3. After playing football for more than half an hour, the students took a few ___________(minute)rest. 4.This is ___________room.It is really clean and tidy. A. Lily and Lucy's B. Lily's and Lucy's C. Lily's and Lucy 5. These are ___________rooms. They look very nice and clean. A. Lily and Lucy's B. Lily's and Lucy's C. Lily's and Lucy 三、名词的用法 1．名词作定语 (1）名词作定语时，一般用___________数形式(sports 除外）。 (2) 用 woman, man作定语修饰其他复数名词时，修饰词与被修饰词都要用___________数形式。 (3)"数词﹣名词"结构作定语时，名词要用___________数。 2．名词作表语 名词作表语时要放在系动词后，如果名词前的数词超过一，名词要用___________数形式。 易错辨析 名词作定语，名词所有格及名词作表语的区别。 3．名词作主语时的主谓一致 (1）一些只有复数形式的名词，如：people,police, clothes 等作主语时，谓语动词要用__________数。 (2）由两部分构成的物体的名词，如：glasses,shoes, trousers, chopsticks, scissors等作主语时，谓语动词用__________数。如果这类名词前用了 a pair of等，谓语动词用__________数。谓语动词的单复数形式往往取决于pair的单复数形式。 (3)表时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用__________数。 (4)有些集合名词，如：family, team等作主语时，如作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用__________数；如指其中成 员，则__________谓语动词用 数。 4．形近词的词义 (1) experience __________ expression __________ example __________ (2) telephone__________ television__________ (3)collection__________ communication__________ confidence__________ condition__________ (4)chance__________ change__________ choice__________ (5)invention__________ invitation__________ instruction__________ instrument__________ introduction__________ 3同步跟踪 1. Come on, everyone! We'll have ___________ holiday after the high school entrance examination. A. two month B. the two-months C. a two-month 2.There are sixty-seven teachers in our school. Most of them are ___________. A. women's teacher B. women teachers C. woman teachers 3. We came to a ___________ at last and went in. Peter bought a nice watch in it. A. watch shop B.watches shop C.watching shop 4. A research says that most people need ___________sleep every night. Scientists have found that people who sleep for less than six and a half hours a night are more often ill. A. eight hour's B. eight hours' C. eight-hours 5. The river through our city, which is about ___________,is clean again. A.6,000-meter-long B. 6,000 meters' long C. 6,000 meters long 6. Tim,a ___________ Australian, born with a shorter leg could do many amazing things. A.30 years' old B.30 years-old C. 30-year-old 7.- Which is the longest river in China? - Oh, the Changjiang River. And it is ___________ long. A. 6,397-kilometer B. 6,397 kilometers C. 6,397 kilometers' 8. Chinese printing with a ___________ history is a very useful invention in the world. A.one-thousand-year B.one thousand years C.one thousands years' 9.- Excuse me! Could you tell me the way to the Sophia Church? - It isn't far from here. It is at the end of the street. It's only ___________ on foot. A. fifteen minutes B. fifteen minutes' C. fifteen-minute 10.- Excuse me! Could you tell me the way to the Sophia Church? - It isn't far from here. It is at the end of the street. It's only___________walk. A.fifteen minutes B. fifteen minutes C. fifteen minute 11. A lot of people ___________ (be) dancing outside. 12.Where ___________ (be) my shoes? I can't find them. 13. Your trousers ___________ (be) dirty. You'd better change them. 14.Here ___________ (be) some new pairs of shoes. 15. My new pair of socks ___________ (be) on the bed. 16. Twenty years ___________ (be) not a long time. 17. My family ___________ (be) a big one. 18. My family ___________ (be)watching TV 19.The ___________ of working as a volunteer will be a great treasure for us in the future. A.example B.experience C.expression 20.-I see there are many old coins in your house. - You're right. It's a large___________. A. collection B. communication C. condition 参考答案 名 词 一、 (1) -s (2) -es (3)i,-es (4)v, -es (5) men, women, teeth, feet, children (6) )-es,-s 同步跟踪 1. researches 2. activities 3.lives 4.teeth 5.Children 6-9 BAAB 二、 (1) 's (2) ' (3）后一个，两个 同步跟踪 1. Teachers' 2. Children's 3.minutes' 4.A 5.B 三、 1. (1）单（2）复 (3）单 2．复 3.(1）复（2）复，单（3）单（4）单，复 4.(1）经验／经历，表示／表情，实例 (2）电话，电视 (3) 收集，沟通，信心，条件 (4）机会，改变／找给的零钱，选择 (5）发明，邀请，说明，乐器，介绍 同步跟踪 1-5 CBABC 6-10 CBAAB 11.are 12.are 13.are 14.are 15.is 16.is 17.is 18.are 19-20 BA 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $