祈使句-备战2025-2026学年九年级英语上学期期末语法全解（冀教版）

ENGLISH初三上系列资料（冀教版） Chapter1祈使句 考频分析 祈使句是中考英语句法的重要模块，考频占句法总量的15%左右，主要分布在单项选择(1-2题)、完形 填空(2-3题)、语法填空(1-2题)人、情景交际（核心考察，直接影响语言表达的得体性与准确性）。在语 境应用类题目中，祈使句的语气、结构及功能辨析往往是解题关键。 老查内容 中考对祈使句的考察聚焦三大维度，覆盖基础用法与语境应用： ·基本结构识别：肯定式（动词原形开头）、否定式(Do't+动词原形No+动名词)的构成与辨析； ·语气与功能辨析：指令、请求、警告、禁止等不同语气的语境匹配，与陈述句、疑问句的区别； ·附加结构运用：Please的位置（句首句未）、Iet型祈使句(Let's/Let us+动词原形)的用法及回应。 精讲精练 知识点一：祈使句的结构及用法 ·肯定祈使句（表命令、请求、建议） 一基本结构：动词原形+其他成分 -例句：口Open the window,please.(请打开窗户。)口Stand up!(起立！) ·否定祈使句（表禁止或劝阻） -基本结构：Don't+动词原形+其他成分 -例句：口Don't talk in class.(不要在课堂上说话。)口Don't be late for school..(上学不要迟到。) ·祈使句的特殊形式 -Iet型祈使句：Let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分→例句：Let's play basketball..(让我们打篮球吧。) -No开头的禁止性祈使句：No+名词/动名词→例句：No smoking.(禁止吸烟。) 【即学即练】 1.【肯定祈使句】请选择正确的形式完成句子：_(open)the door,please. A.Open B.Opens C.Opening D.To open 2.【否定祈使句】请填写正确形式：_(not talk)loudly in the library. 3.【Let型祈使句】"Let's_(play)football.”中空白处应填？ A.play B.to play C.playing D.plays 4.【No开头祈使句】“禁止拍照”的正确表达是？ A.Don't photo B.No photo C.No photos D.Don't taking photos 5.【祈使句结构】否定祈使句的核心结构是：+动词原形+其他成分。 初三上|英语」冀教版 ENGLISH-初三上系列资料（冀教版） 知识点二：基本结构和句式转换 ·肯定句（表达直接命令或请求） -结构：动词原形+其他成分（无主语，默认主语为you) -例句： *Open the door,please.(动词原形Open开头，表请求) *Listen to me carefully.(动词原形Listen开头，表命令) ·否定句（在动词原形前加don't) -结构：Don't+动词原形+其他成分 -例句： *Don't run in the hallway.(Don't+动词原形run,表禁止) *Don't forget to bring your books.(Don't+动词原形forget,表提醒) ·祈使句的强调形式（在动词原形前加Do,表强调请求或鼓励） 一结构：Do+动词原形+其他成分 一例句： *Do come to my party tomorrow.(Do+动词原形come,强调“务必来") *Do be quiet in the library..(Do+be动词原形，强调“一定要安静”) ·以let开头的祈使句（表建议或允许，包含说话者和听话者） -结构：Let+宾语（通常为us/me/them)+动词原形+其他成分 一例句： *Let's play basketball after school..(Let's=Let us,表“我们一起”) *Let me help you with your bag.(Let me表“让我”，主动提供帮助) ·祈使句的委婉表达（在句末加please,或开头用please,语气更礼貌） -结构：Please+动词原形+其他成分/动词原形+其他成分+please -例句： *Please pass me the salt.(开头用please,礼貌请求) *Close the window,please.(句末用please,委婉语气) 知识点三：祈使句的回答及反意疑问句 ·祈使句的肯定回答（表同意或接受） 一常见回答方式： *OK./All right..→例句：一Close the door,please.(请关上门。)一OK.(好的。) *Sure.→例句：一Pass me the pen,please.(请递给我钢笔。)一Sure.(当然可以。) *I will..→例句：一Don't forget to call me.(别忘了给我打电话。)一I will..(我会的。) *No problem.→例句：一Let's go shopping.(我们去购物吧。)一No problem.(没问题。) ·祈使句的否定回答（表拒绝或无法做到） -常见回答方式： *Sorry,Ican't.→例句：一Do come to the party..(一定来参加派对啊。)一Sorry,.Ican't.I have to study.(对不起，我不能去。我得学习。) *I'm afraid not..→例句：一Let's climb the mountain tomorrow.(我们明天去爬山吧。)一'm afraid not.It will rain.(恐怕不行。明天要下雨。) ·祈使句的反意疑问句（中考重点） 一基本结构及规则： *肯定祈使句的反意疑问句：通常用will you/won'tyou(will you更常用，表请求；won'tyou表邀请 或劝说) *例句：口Open the window,will you?(打开窗户，好吗？)口Come with us,won'tyou?(和我们一 起来，好吗？) *否定祈使句的反意疑问句：只能用will you *例句：口Don't be late,.will you?(别迟到，好吗)口Don't smoke here,will you?(别在这儿抽烟， 好吗？) *Let's开头的祈使句的反意疑问句：用shall we(包含说话者和听话者) *例句：口Let's go to the zoo,shall we?(我们去动物园吧，好吗？)口Let's clean the classroom,shal e?(我们打扫教室吧，好吗？) *Let us/Let me开头的祈使句的反意疑问句：用will you(不包含说话者，表请求对方允许) *例句：口Let me help you,will you?(让我帮你，好吗？)Let us leave now,will you?(让我们现 在离开，好吗？) ·中考易错点辨析 1.祈使句强调形式误用： -Does be quiet in the library,→Do be quiet in the library.(强调祈使句需用Do+动词原形，而非 Does) -Do to come early tomorrow.→Do come early tomorrow.(Do后接动词原形，不能加to) 2.反意疑问句搭配错误： -七et's go home,will yor?→Let's go home,shall we？(Let's开头用shall we) -Don't run,won't you?→Don'trun,will you?(否定祈使句反意疑问句只能用will you) 3.Let型祈使句代词误用： -七et he help you.→Let him help you.(Let后接宾格代词) -七et we play games.→Let us play games.(we的宾格为us) 4.No开头祈使句形式错误： -o talk in class.→No talking in class.(No后接动名词) -Ne smoke here.→No smoking here.(smoke需变为动名词smoking) 初三上|英语|冀教版 ENGLISH-初三上系列资料（冀教版） 考法一：祈使句基本结构辨析 ·核心：根据语境判断祈使句类型（肯定、否定、t型等），选择或填写正确结构 ·真题1（语法填空）： -(not talk)loudly in the library.It's impolite 一答案：Don't talk解析：由语境“不要大声说话”可知是否定祈使句，结构为“Don't+动词原形”，故 填Don'ttak。 ·真题2（单项选择）： --_me your phone number,please.I need to call you later. A.Give B.Gives C.Giving D.To give 一答案：A解析：由语境可知是肯定祈使句，应用动词原形开头，故选A。 考法二：祈使句基本结构与强调形式辨析 ·核心：根据语境判断是否需要使用强调形式，区分普通肯定祈使句与Do开头的强调祈使句 ·真题1（单项选择）： -be quiet in the library.Everyone is reading. A.Do B.Don't C.Let's D.No -答案：A解析：由”Everyone is reading'”可知需要强调”务必安静”，强调形式结构为Do+动词原形，故 选A。 ·真题2（句型转换）： -Turn off the lights when you leave.(改为强周句) -_off the lights when you leave -答案：Do turn解析：祈使句强调形式需在动词原形前加Do,故填Do turn。 考法三：祈使句的综合运用 ·核心：结合祈使句的结构（肯定、否定、t型等）、强调及委婉表达，并能正确回答及补全反意疑问句 ·真题1（单项选择）： --quiet in the library,please.Everyone is reading. A.Be B.Don't be C.Dobe D.Let's be -答案：C解析：根据“Everyone is reading”可知需表达“务必安静”，强调祈使句结构为“Do+动词 原形”，quiet为形容词，前用be动词原形，故选C。 ·真题2（语法填空）： Let's go to the park this afternoon,_Please take your camera with you,_ -答案：shall we will you解析：第一空Let's.”开头的祈使句反意疑问句用“shall we”;第二空肯定 祈使句反意疑问句常用“wlyu”表礼貌请求，两句均符合知识点三中反意疑问句规则。 初三上|英语|冀教版 ENGLISH初三上系列资料（冀教版） 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题（共10题） 1.-the door,please.It's cold outside. A.Open B.Opens C.Opening D.To open 2.-run in the hallway.It's dangerous. A.Not B.Don't C.Doesn't D.Isn't 3.-me help you with your homework.-Thank you so much! A.Let B.Lets C.Let's D.Letting 4.come to my birthday party tomorrow.I really want to see you. A.Do B.Does C.Did D.Don't 5.Please_quiet in the cinema.The movie is starting. A.be B.is C.are D.am 6.Let's _basketball after school,_ A.play;will you B.play;shall we C.to play;do we D.playing;won't you 7.-Don't forget to bring your dictionary.- A.OK B.Yes,I do C.No,I don't D.Sorry,I can't 8.-pass the salt,please?I can't reach it. A.Could you B.Do you C.Are you D.Will you 9.be late for class again.The teacher will be angry. A.Not B.No C.Don't D.Doesn't 10.Let me_you a cup of tea,-? A.make;will you B.to make;shall we C.making;do you D.make;do you 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.(open)the window,please.It's hot in the room. 2.(not talk)with your mouth full.It's impolite. 3.Let's_(go)to the park this Sunday. 4._(be)careful when you cross the street. 5.Do_(come)to the meeting on time tomorrow. 6.(not forget)to turn off the lights before leaving. 7.Let_(I)help you carry the heavy box. 8._(please)pass me the notebook on the desk. 9.No_(smoke)in the hospital. 10.Do_(be)quiet in the library.Everyone is reading. 演练三：语法填空试题（共10空） My dear students,welcome to our school library!Here are some rules for you:1.-(keep)quiet at all times.No talking or running.2.(not eat)or drink in the reading area.It will make the books dirty. 3.Let's-(take)good care of the books.Don't write or draw on them.4.If you need help,-(ask)the librarian for assistance.5.-(return)the books on time,please.Late returns will have a fine.6.Do (put)the books back to their original places after reading.7.Let me_(show)you how to use the computer to find books,(you)?8.(not take)books out of the library without borrowing them.9. -(be)polite to others.Share the tables and chairs with classmates.10.Let's make the library a good place for studying,_(we)? 答案 演练一：单项选择 1.A2.B3.A4.A5.A6.B7.A8.D9.C10.A 演练二：填空试题 1.Open 2.Don't talk 3.go 4.Be 5.come 6.Don't forget 7.me 8.Please 9.smoking 10.be 演练三：语法填空 1.Keep 2.Don't eat 3.take 4.ask 5.Return 6.put 7.show;will you 8.Don't take 9.Be 10.shall we 解题小妙招 祈使句型辨类型，肯定原形否加Don't; Let型结构要注意，其后常跟宾格词； 强调祈使有特点，Do放句首语气坚； 反意疑问分情况，Let's用shall we,其他常用will you; 形容词前be动词，强调形式Dobe连。 初三上|英语|冀教版