宾语补足语-备战2025-2026学年九年级英语上学期期末语法全解（冀教版）

ENGLISH初三上系列资料（冀教版） Chapter1宾语补足语 考频分析 宾语补足语是中考英语语法的重要模块，考频占语法总量的8%左右，主要分布在单项选择(1-2题)、完 形填空(1-2题)、语法填空(1题)、书面表达（辅助考察，影响句子表达丰富度）。在语法应用类题目中， 宾语补足语的成分识别、形式选择及与动词的搭配往往是解题关键。 考查内容 中考对宾语补足语的考察聚焦三大维度，覆盖基础用法与语境应用： ·成分识别与功能：判断宾语补足语在句中的位置（宾语后）及补充说明宾语状态、特征、动作的语法功 能； ·常见搭配动词：掌握能带宾语补足语的动词（如make,keep,find,see,tel等）及其语义搭配特点； ·补足语形式辨析：不同形式的宾语补足语（形容词、名词、不定式、分词、介词短语等）在语境中的正 确选择与运用。 精讲精练 知识点一：宾语补足语的定义及用法 ·定义（补充说明宾语） 一位于宾语之后，对宾语的身份、特征、状态或动作进行补充说明，使句子意义更完整。 -例句：口Ne call her Lucy..(Lucy补充说明宾语her的身份)口He made the room clean.(clean补 充说明宾语the room的状态) ·常见类型及结构 -形容词作宾补：keep(保持)、make(使)、find(发现)→例句：I find the story interesting.(interesting 补充说明宾语the story的特征) -名词作宾补：name(命名)、cal(称呼)、elect(选举)→例句：They elected him monitor..(monitor 补充说明宾语him的身份) -动词不定式作宾补（部分动词后省to):ask(要求）、tell(告诉)、let(让)→例句：口My mother asks me to study hard.(to study hard补充说明宾语me的动作)Let him go.(go补充说明宾语 him的动作，let后省to) -现在分词/过去分词作宾补：see(看见)、hear(听见)、keep(使)→例句：口I heard her singing. (singing补充说明宾语her的动作正在进行)口Ve found the door locked..(locked补充说明宾语the door的状态) ·注意事项 -部分动词后宾补不可省略，如make,fnd,consider等； -感官动词(see,hear等)后接不定式作宾补时，不定式不带to(被动语态中需还原to)。 【即学即练】 1.【成分识别】在句子"He made the room clean.”中，宾语补足语是？ A.He B.made C.the room D.clean 2.【形式辨析】请在空白处填入正确形式：I find the movie(interest). 3.【动词搭配】下列动词中，后接不定式作宾补时省略t和的是？ A.ask B.let C.want D.teach 4.【定义理解】宾语补足语的作用是？ A.作句子的主语 B.补充说明宾语的状态或特征 C.修饰动词 D.连接两个句子 5.【被动语态】将"I saw her dance.”改为被动语态：She was seen _dance. 初三上|英语|冀教版 ENGLISH-初三上系列资料（冀教版） 知识点二：常见感官动词和使役动词后的宾语补足语 ·1,感官动词+宾语+宾语补足语（表示动作的状态或结果） -口常见感官动词：see(看见)、hear(听见)、watch(观看)、feel(感觉)、notice(注意到) 一口省略to的不定式（表示动作全过程或经常性动作） *结构：感官动词+宾语+动词原形 *例句： ·口I saw her dance in the park yesterday..(看见她跳舞的全过程，dance前省略to) ·口e often hear birds sing in the morning.(听见鸟唱歌的经常性动作，sing前省略to) -口现在分词（表示动作正在进行） *结构：感官动词+宾语+动词现在分词(doing) *例句： ·口They watched the children playing games happily.(观看孩子们正在玩游戏，playing表进行) ·口I felt the wind blowing gently through the window.(感觉风，正轻轻吹过窗户，blowing表进行) ·2.使役动词+宾语+宾语补足语（表示“使/让某人做某事”） -口常见使役动词：make(使，让)、let(让)、have(使，让) -口省略to的不定式（主动语态中不定式符号to必须省略） *结构：使役动词+宾语+动词原形 *例句： ·口The teacher made the students finish their homework on time.(老师让学生按时完成作业，finish 前省略to) ·口My mother lets me watch TV for an hour every day.(妈妈让我每天看一小时电视，watch前省 略to) -口过去分词（表示宾语被动承受动作） *结构：使役动词+宾语+动词过去分词(done) *例句 ·口I had my hair cut yesterday.(让别人剪头发，hair和cut是被动关系，cut为过去分词) ·口She made her room cleaned before the guests arrived.(让房间被打扫，room和cleaned是 被动关系，cleaned为过去分词) ·3.带to的不定式作宾语补足语（部分动词必须保留to) -口常见动词：ask(要求)、tell(告诉)、want(想要)、teach(教)、encourage(鼓励) 一口结构：动词+宾语+to+动词原形 一例句： *口My father asked me to study hard for the exam.(ask sb.to do sth,to study不能省略to) *The teacher taught us to solve math problems step by step.(teach sb.to do sth.,to solve 省略to) ·4.形容词作宾语补足语（表示宾语的性质或状态） -口常见动词：keep(保持)、make(使)、fnd(发现)think(认为) 一口结构：动词+宾语+形容词 一例句： *口Ve should keep our classroom clean and tidy.(keep+宾语classroom+形容词clean and tidy, 表状态) *口The good news made her happy all day.(make+宾语her+形容词happy,表状态) 知识点三：宾语补足语的省略与被动语态转换 ·1.主动语态中不定式符号to的省略规则 -口感官动词后接不定式作宾补时省略to(强调动作全过程或经常性) *例句：I heard her sing the song twice.(听见她唱完整首歌) -口使役动词let,make,have后接不定式作宾补时省略to *例句：The boss made workers work overtime.(老板让工人加班) ·2.被动语态中不定式符号to的还原 一口感官动词的被动语态中，原省略的to必须还原 *例句：She was seen to enter the building.(有人看见她进入大楼) 一口使役动词make的被动语态中，to必须还原(let/have无被动宾补用法) *例句：Vorkers were made to work overtime by the boss. ·3.宾语补足语的省略限制 一口部分动词后宾补不可省略（影响句意完整性） *必带宾补动词：make(使.)Ve made the room bright.(不可说Ve made the room.) *必带宾补动词：find(发现…)→I found the book interesting.(不可说I found the book.) -口不及物动词不可作宾补（需转化为分词形式） *错误：He saw the bird fly.(fly为不及物动词，需用ying表进行) *正确：He saw the bird flying. 初三上|英语引冀教版 ENGLISH-初三上系列资料（冀教版） 老法一：感官动词后宾补形式辨析 ·核心：根据动作是否正在进行，判断感官动词后接动词原形还是现在分词作宾补 ·真题1（语法填空）： -I heard her_(sing)when I passed her room. -答案：singing解析：由“when I passed her room”可知，动作正在进行，感官动词hear后接现在 分词作宾补，sing的现在分词为singing。. ·真题2（单项选择）： -We often watch the old man _in the park. A.dance B.dances C.dancing D.to dance -答案：A解析：由“oten”可知，表示经常性动作，感官动词watch后接省略to的不定式（动词原 形)作宾补，故选A。 考法二：感官动词和使役动词后的宾语补足语形式辨析 ·核心：根据感官动词/使役动词的类型及动作状态（全过程/进行中/被动），判断宾语补足语的正确形式 (原形doing/done) ·真题1（语法填空）： -I heard her_(sing)when I passed her room.She has a beautiful voice. -答案：singing解析：感官动词hear后接现在分词作宾补表示动作正在进行，由”when I passed”可知” 唱歌”动作正在发生，故填singing。 ·真题2（单项选择）： The teacher made Tom_his homework again because of mistakes. A.do B.to do C.doing D.done -答案：A解析：使役动词make后接不定式作宾补时省略to,结构为”make sb..do sth.”,故填动词原 形do。 考法三：宾语补足语在被动语态中的综合应用 ·核心：结合感官动词/使役动词的主动与被动用法，判断不定式符号to的省略与还原，以及宾补类型对 句意的影响 ·真题1（单项选择）： -The workers were made_for 12 hours a day by the boss last month. A.work B.to work C.working D.worked 一答案：B解析：原主动句结构为“make+宾语+省略to的不定式”，转换为被动语态时需还原to,即 “be made to do sth.”,故选B。 ·真题2（语法填空）： -A strange sound was heard _(come)from the next room last night. -答案：to come解析：感官动词hear在主动语态中接不定式作宾补时省略to(hear sb.do sth.),但 在被动语态中需还原to,故填to come。 解题小妙招 感官动词接宾补，动作状态是关键； 正在进行用doing,经常全过程用原形； 使役动词makellet/have,主动宾补省to用原形； 被动语态要还原，to字千万别忘记； hear/see/watch等感官词，主动do/doing分情况，被动一律todo莫混淆； 宾补形式辨仔细，原形doing和done,根据语境定类型。 初三上|英语|冀教版 ENGLISH初三上系列资料（冀教版） 真题演练 演练一：单项选择（共10题）》 1.We often watch the children-_games in the playground after school. A.play B.plays C.playing D.to play 2.My mother asked me-the dishes after dinner yesterday. A.wash B.washed C.to wash D.washing 3.I found the storybook_and couldn't stop reading it. A.interest B.interesting C.interested D.interests 4.The boss made the workers_10 hours a day last week. A.work B.to work C.working D.worked 5.Listen!Can you hear someone_in the next room? A.sing B.sings C.singing D.to sing 6.The old man was seen _into the bank just now. A.walk B.to walk C.walking D.walked 7.The good news made all of us __excited. A.feel B.to feel C.feeling D.felt 8.She wants her son_English well,so she teaches him every day. A.learn B.learns C.learning D.to learn 9.We should keep our classroom_all the time. A.clean B.cleaning C.cleaned D.to clean 10.The students were told_quiet during the exam. A.keep B.to keep C.keeping D.kept 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.My father often tells me_(study)hard for my future. 2.I saw a cat_(run)across the street when I looked out of the window. 3.The teacher let the students_(read)the text aloud in class. 4.They found the lost boy_(cry)in the corner of the park. 5.The little girl's smile made everyone_(feel)warm. 6.My brother asked me_(help)him with his math homework. 7.We watched the stars_(shine)brightly in the dark sky last night. 8.The workers were made__(work)overtime by the manager yesterday. 9.The mother keeps her baby_(sleep)by singing a song. 10.I heard someone_(knock)at the door just now,but no one was there. 演练三：语法填空（共10空） It was a sunny morning.I decided to take a walk in the park.When I passed the lake,I saw a girl_(sit)on a bench and_(draw)a picture.She looked so focused that I stopped_(watch)her quietly.Suddenly,a bird flew down and landed on her shoulder.She was surprised but didn't move.I heard her-(whisper), "Don't be afraid,little bird."The bird stayed for a few seconds and then flew away. After that,I walked to the playground.Some children were playing football.I noticed a boy_(fall)down, but he quickly got up and continued-(run).His friends shouted,"Come on!You can do it!"I felt (touch)by their energy. On my way home,I met an old man carrying heavy bags.I offered_(help)him,and he thanked me with a smile.He said,"Your kindness makes me_(feel)young again." This day taught me that small moments can bring great joy.I will always remember(enjoy)life's simple pleasures. 参考答案 演练一：单项选择 1.A2.C3.B4.A5.C6.B7.A8.D9.A10.B 演练二：填空试题 1.to study 2.running 3.read 4.crying 5.feel 6.to help 7.shining 8.to work 9.sleeping 10.knock 演练三：语法填空 1.sitting 2.drawing 3.to watch 4.whisper 5.fall 6.running 7.touched 8.to help 9.feel 10.to enjoy 初三上|英语」冀教版