用英语讲述中国传统文化之传统文化阅读之历史古迹 专练 -2026届高三英语一轮复习专项

用英语讲述中国传统文化之传统文化阅读 历史古迹 Passage 1阅读理解 A 主题语境：历史古迹 语篇类型：说明文 词数: 315 建议用时：7分钟 The Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City are recognized as the first city in China and provide archaeological evidence that Chinese civilization has a history of over 5,000 years. The site was listed as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 2019. UNESCO describes it as“representing the great achievement of prehistoric rice-cultivating civilization of China over 5,000 years ago, and an outstanding example of early urban civilization”. Located in the Yangtze River Basin on the south-eastern coast of the country, the Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City were the political and religious center of an early regional state in the Taihu Lake Basin. * The Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City reveal an early regional state with rice-cultivating agriculture as its economic base, and social differentiation and a unified belief system, which existed in the Late Neolithic period in China. This 5,300-year-old city was first discovered by Shi Xingeng in 1936, and then became known to the world after many years of archaeological excavations.The Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City have been designated as a National Key Cultural Relics Protection Unit, and are the most representative prehistoric large-scale settlement in East Asia, marking a milestone in the development of human civilization. The Liangzhu culture,as the peak of early rice agriculture in the formation stage of Chinese civilization, had a profound impact on the evolution of Chinese culture for the following five thousand years. The complex water conservancy system around Liangzhu, along with the burial sites (including altars)that show social classes and excavated items represented by special jade artifacts used in ceremonies, all show how small Neolithic societies changed into an early state. These discoveries clearly show how advanced the rice-growing civilizations were in the lower Yangtze River area during the Neolithic Age. Together, they help us understand well that the Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City are a great example of an early local city civilization. 1 Why are the Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City important? A. They are listed as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO. B. They prove that China grew rice the earliest in the world. C. They indicate that China has a5,000-year-old civilization. D. They show that China was successful in city construction. 2 What featured the pre-historic civilization in the Taihu Lake Basin? A. The advanced social system. B. The well-developed technology. C. The rice-grown agriculture. D. The prosperous economy. 3 What can we infer from the discoveries of the Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City? A. The civilization in the Yangtze River Basin reached a new stage. B. People gathered and lived in communities in well-designed cities. C. Good rice harvest increased the population as well as economy. D. Neolithic societies existed a short time due to new political systems. 4 What can be the best title of the passage? A. Excavation of the Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City B. Significance of the Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City C. Civilization Development of the Yangtze River Basin D. Development of China’ s Rice-Cultivating Agriculture .Passage 28 七选五阅读 Passage 29完形填空 Huangshan in Anhui Province is famous for its top three tourist attractions in eastern China. One is the YellowMountains, and the other two are the ancient HongcunVillage and Xidi Village. I decided to visit Huangshan to 1 Hongcun Village, aUNESCO World HeritageSite, during my two-week solo trip to China. I had simply the best experiences and 2 each moment. Hongcun Village, located in Yi County, AnhuiProvince, is about 900 years old. Covering an area of 28hectares, the village has a 3 of just 1,500. It 4 highlights ancient residences and courtyards from theMing and Qing dynasties. * You’ ll love the well-preserved beautiful countryside of this village, whose 5 landscape is the top attraction among all the 6 . It is fun to walk and explore the small village, shop for the local 7 and souvenirs, and enjoy meals at the village eateries. Moreover, photography is the ultimate(终极的) way to capture the charm of rural 8 and landscapes. I was captivated by the beautiful scenery of Hongcun Village.It is said that the village was 9 in the shape of an Ox.But to me, the 10 village seemed like a canvas(油画),where every object was 11 with so much fondness and love. There is no way to 12 visiting, and it's a must-visit for history and nature lovers. Ancient Hongcun Village was 13 a UNESCOWorld Heritage Site in 2000 for its unique preservation of the old architecture. This village got much 14 after the shooting of the Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon.Many scenes from this Chinese action film are 15 from the picturesque Hongcun Village. 1 A. search B. explore C. photograph D. cover 2 A. enjoyed B. recorded C. ignored D. marked 3 A. distance B. history C. height D. population 4 A. regularly B. usually C. mainly D. totally 5 A. mysterious B. abundant C. scary D. charming 6 A. villagers B. tourists C. painters D. producers 7 A. products B. snacks C. pictures D. animals 8 A. tradition B. celebration C. architecture D. harvest 9 A. expanded B. founded C. constructed D. performed 10 A. entire B. remote C. modern D. wild 11 A. connected B.combined C. extended D. painted 12 A. allow B. regret C. stop D. admit 13 A. known for B. listed as C. named after D. updated to 14 A. fantasy B. inspiration C. popularity D. affection 15 A. taken B. released C. established D. played Passage 30 语法填空 Pingyao Ancient City, with over 2,700 years of history, still keeps its original layout and style intact: long ancient city walls, elegant residences and courtyards,vertical and 1 (horizon) streets and alleys (胡同)，and scattered banks and moats (护城河)， all reflecting a prosperous country during the Ming and Qing dynasties. 2 (recognize) as one of the best-preserved ancient cities in China, it was listed as a UNESCOWorld Cultural Heritage Site in 1997. Pingyao Ancient City was founded in the Western Zhou Dynasty,and expanded during the Ming and Qing 3 (dynasty). It has served as the seat of the county government since the Qin Dynasty. In 1370, the city walls were rebuilt, expanded and reinforced with bricks. Numerous watchtowers and gate towers were added during subsequent renovations. Up to now,it 4 (survive) wars and modernization, retaining its historical integrity. * Built 5 (complete) in accordance with traditional urban planning style and layout principles of cities of the Chinese Han nationality, Pingyao Ancient City keeps its original structure, 6 reflects the popular urban planning concepts 7 the Ming and Qing period. Circled by the ancient city wall, Pingyao Ancient City lies like a slightly tilted (倾斜的) square. 8 (see) from a bird's eye perspective with some imagination, you will feel it is more like 9 turtle. The Southern Gate is like the head, Northern Gate is the tail, the two wells outside the SouthernGate are the eyes, and gates in the east and west are the symbols of its limbs. The interlaced network of avenues, roads 10 lanes presents the complicated lines on a turtle's shell. Passage 2 阅读理解B 主题语境：历史古迹 语篇类型：说明文 词数: 355 建议用时：7分钟 As the largest imperial architectural complex in Beijing, the Temple of Heaven is renowned for its meticulously symbolic layout, unique structures, and magnificent decorations. Between 1420 and 1900,emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties worshiped the Heaven God and prayed for bountiful harvests here. The Hall of Prayer for Good Harvests (祈年殿),which was built in 1420, is one of the earliest structures in the Temple of Heaven complex. It is one of the world's largest ancient wooden buildings——38 meters tall and 36meters in diameter, and was built entirely without nails.Originally, it was called“The Great Sacrificial Hall(大祀殿)”. * In 1545, the building was reconstructed into a circular wooden hall standing on a square base,embodying (体现) the ancient Chinese cosmological(宇宙哲学的) concept: the circular shape symbolizing Heaven and the square base representing Earth. The triple-eaved (三重檐的) roof is supported by 28 large pillars——four central pillars represent the four seasons, twelve inner columns represent the twelve months, and twelve outer columns represent the twelve two-hour periods that made up a day in China's old timing system. In 1751, during Emperor Qianlong's reign, the roof tiles were changed to blue (symbolizing the sky), and the hall was formally renamed“The Hall of Prayer for Good Harvests”,reflecting its exclusive ceremonial purpose for harvest rituals. The Circular Mound Altar (圜丘坛), constructed in1530, is a three-tiered marble platform. It was enclosed by two sets of walls that are square outside and round inside. In ancient China, nine was considered to be the most powerful number(representing eternity), so the slabs(石板) forming the Circular Mound Altar were laid in multiples of nine. The yearly winter solstice ceremonies were held there. The Imperial Vault of Heaven(皇穹宇) was dedicated to housing“God’ s Tablets” —— stone tablets which was used in the harvest prayer ceremony. There are no nails or beams inside the hall. The vast dome is supported by16 wooden pillars and numerous brackets. This Imperial Vault of Heaven is surrounded by a circular wall (the Echo Wall). Due to its smooth surface, sound can travel (be reflected) large distances along the wall. 1 What is the feature of The Hall of Prayer for Good Harvests? A. It is the world's earliest wooden building. B. It has two names because of different occasions. C. It shows the spirit of Chinese ancient architecture. D. It was constructed without using any nails. 2 What is the purpose of the author by mentioning the number of pillars? A. To convey the philosophy of ancient China. B. To explain the symbolic layout of the building. C. To prove the magnificence of the architecture. D. To suggest the emperors' strong belief in nature. 3 What do the Circular Mound Altar and the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvests have in common? A. The number of pillars. B. The feature of the layout. C. The building materials. D. The ceremonious events. 4 Which book is this text most likely to be read from? A. Essence of Chinese Ancient Architectures. B. Traditions for Harvest and Solstice. C. Chinese Ancient Philosophy and Architectures. D. Ancient Wooden Structures around China. Passage 3 七选五阅读 主题语境：历史古迹 语篇类型：说明文 词数: 300 建议用时：7分钟 Yingxian Wooden Pagoda is the oldest and tallest surviving wooden pagoda structure in China. This wonderful building is constructed without any nails or screws but totally with woods through Chinese mortise and tenon joint technique. It is the existing largest and oldest wooden pagoda structure in China. 1 . During its nearly 1,000years' history, the pagoda has survived several large earthquakes. It highly represents the ancient architecture art of China. Sitting on a 4 m tall stone platform, the pagoda is 67.31 meters in height. 2 . The base floor of the pagoda is 30.27 meters in diameter,and the whole pagoda weighs about 7,400 metric tons. 3 . However, it has nine stories (with four blind stories inside the pagoda). On each story, there are two circles of wooden pillars to support the upper story:24 wooden pillars at the outside circle and8 wooden pillars at the inside circle. Among the pillars, there are also many diagonal bracings and short columns to enhance the stability and shock resistance of the pagoda. 4 . Dougong is a system of brackets in Chinese building, wooden square blocks inserted between the top of a column and a crossbeam. The most magical part of the pagoda is that no iron nail is used here at all, and the connection works are completed through Chinese mortise and tenon joint structure. * The Chinese mortise and tenon joint structure can bear a large load and it allows certain deformation, thus, it can reduce the influence of earthquakes, and this structure is the main reason why the pagoda has survived numerous earthquakes through nearly a thousand years. At present, the pagoda is leaning towards the north at an angle over 15°, and some wooden pillars and beams are decayed. 5 . Please protect the pagoda in your visit. 阅读短文，从选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A. There is a legend about this architecture B. So tourists are not allowed to go up the pagoda C. It is higher than a 20-storey building in modern times D. Seen from the outside, the pagoda appears to be five storeys E. The pagoda was built in 1056(under the reign of the Liao Dynasty) F. A lot of Dougongs are used to connect various pillars and crossbeams G. The pagoda was built on a carefully designed layout showing Chinese traditions Passage 4完形填空 主题语境：饮食文化 语篇类型：记叙文 词数: 265 建议用时：13分钟 Noodles are a staple (主食) in Chinese cuisine. Prior to moving to China, my knowledge of Chinese food 1 Americanized food, so, when I thought of Chinese noodles, it was 2 lo mein(捞面). While I still enjoy a bowl of lo mein from time to time, there is something truly 3 about China’ s noodle culture. The flavors and styles 4 drastically (剧烈地) depending on what region of the country you visit. But, one thing is certain, you' ll see a 5 of noodle shops. Noodle shops are often hole-in-the-wall, restaurants with simple and shabby 6 and an open wall concept at the front. Oftentimes, you’ ll see streets 7 with people sitting on small chairs eating a bowl of noodles.Given any 8 , you' ll also find noodle shops in the most random places, including street vendors. It's impossible for me to 9 my favorite noodle,but my most 10 noodle experience took place inXi’ an, which is home to Biang Biang Mian. The noodles for this dish are hand-pulled and known for being thick and chewy (有嚼劲的). While on a trip to Xi' an we met a 11 who had been making Biang Biang Mian for40 years. * He was very proud of his skill and 12 us back to his kitchen so that we could watch him form the noodles from the dough, which 13 a loud“biang”sound. This experience gave me a front row seat to the 14 that goes into creating Chinese cuisine. On birthdays, many restaurants will give a bowl of noodles instead of dessert to 15 longevity. 1 A. concerned about B. consisted of C. connected with D. broke into 2 A. typically B. exactly C. normally D. consequently 3 A. surprising B. exciting C. charming D. annoying 4 A.combine B. overwhelm C. change D. spread 5 A. variety B. collection C. batch D. group 6 A. entrance B. advertisement C. impression D. decoration 7 A. divided B. lined C. controlled D. emptied 8 A. space B. time C. luck D. opportunity 9 A. order B. discover C. select D. describe 10 A. expensive B. memorable C. authentic D. accessible 11 A. customer B. cook C. foreigner D. boss 12 A. invited B. expected C. encouraged D. sent 13 A. crashed B. struck C. developed D. created 14 A. skill B. tradition C. passion D. origin 15 A. symbolize B. celebrate C. assure D. guarantee Passage 5 语法填空 主题语境：饮食文化 语篇类型：专题报道 词数: 250 建议用时：8分钟 Within the bustling red zone of hawker stalls (小贩摊档) in Chinatown Complex Food Centre, 1 new joint for roujiamo caught people's attention with its unusual set-up. 2 (original) from Shaanxi Province,China, roujiamo consists of chopped meat inside a flatbread made from wheat flour and yeast. This classic snack is believed to have been around since the Qin Dynasty, which 3 (regard) as“the world’ s first hamburger”. The stall is run solo by Michael Lim, 44, from Singapore, who 4 (learn) to make these dishes from a consultant chef from Xi’ an,Shaanxi Province. To assemble (组成) the“burger”, Michael slices the pastry in half and stuffs it with the meat filling of your choice, 5 (follow) by shredded(剁碎的) lettuce and tomato. “Traditional roujiamo typically use green peppers, but we' ve opted to use vegetables that are more popular with the local crowd,” he explains.* The stall, 6 also sells other classic Chinese snacks like suanlafen and liangpi, is doing pretty well, selling around 200 roujiamo daily. 7 our visit, we observed a diverse range of customers 8 (visit) the stall, including a primary school student and a Caucasian tourist. Michael says more than half of their customers are locals, followed by foreign 9 (tour). Mainland Chinese patrons make up“around 15%” of their customers. “I think most of them prefer to eat at the nearby People's Park Food Centre (known for its wide variety of Mainland Chinese cuisines), 10 we get more locals and travelers here,” he speculates. 阅读短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Passage 1 阅读理解A 单词短语 ( 第 1 页 共 13 页 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1specialty n.特色食品; 特产 2 vendor n. 小贩; 摊贩 3 trendy adj. 时髦的; 时尚的; 现代的 4 overseas adv. 在海外; 在国外 5 aromatics n. 香料 6 odor n.(尤指难闻的) 气味; 臭味 经典句式 1 A specialty of Liuzhou, a city in Guangxi, luosifen was first introduced in the 1970s by street vendors who started cooking rice noodles and river snails together.(who 引导定语从句, 修饰先行词 street vendors) 2 With pre-packaged luosifen available in so many countries, people worldwide can try it for themselves,if they can overcome the unique odor. (with复合结构作原因状语， if引导条件状语从句) Passage 2 阅读理解B 单词短语 1 auspicious adj. 吉祥的 2 fabrics n. 织物 3 imbue v. 向……灌输;使充满 4 amateurism n. 业余性 5 aesthetic adj. 美学的; 美的 6 sachet n. 香囊 经典句式 It is a unique art creation owned by the people of the Qiang ethnic group, which is imbued with their wisdom and creativity. (which 引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词 art creation 进行补充说明) Passage 3 七选五阅读 单词短语 1 showcase v. 展示 2 affordable adj. 买得起的 3 accessibility n. 易于接近性; 可及性 4 undergo v. 经历 5 modify v. 修改; 更改 6 lingerie n. 女内衣 经典句式 1 It's like one day, we all woke up and realized how incredibly cool and fresh Chinese fashion is. (how引导宾语从句) 2 Influencers and fashionistas were rocking Chinese designs, making everyone want a piece of that style. (现在分词短语作结果状语) Passage 4 完形填空 单词短语 1 cuisine n. 菜肴 2 concept n. 概念 3 random adj.随机的 4 dessert n. 甜点 5 longevity n. 长寿 经典句式 1 Given any opportunity, you' ll also find noodle shops in the most random places, including street vendors. (过去分词短语作条件状语) 2 It's impossible for me to select my favorite noodle,but my most memorable noodle experience took place in Xi’ an, which is home to Biang Biang Mian. (it为形式主语，动词不定式短语为真正的主语；which 引导非限制性定语从句，对 Xi’ an 进行补充说明) Passage 5 语法填空 单词短语 1 bustling adj. 热闹的; 喧嚣的 2 flatbread n. 烧饼 3 consultant n. 顾问 4 range n. 范围; 系列 5 patron n. 主顾; 顾客 6 speculate v. 推测 经典句式 1 This classic snack is believed to have been around since the Qin Dynasty, which is regarded as“the world's first hamburger”. (which 引导非限制性定语从句,对 snack 进行补充说明) 2 During our visit, we observed a diverse range of customers visiting the stall, including a primary school student and a Caucasian tourist. (现在分词短语作宾语补足语) 语 料 积 累 ( 第 11 页 共 13 页 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 话题高频词汇 ( 第 1 页 共 13 页 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1 brocade n.织锦; 锦缎 2 embroidery n. 刺绣; 刺绣图案; 刺绣品 3 pattern n. 样式; 图案 4 popularity n. 流行; 受欢迎 5 appreciation n. 欣赏 6 weave v. 织 (布); 编织 7 material n. 布料; 材料 8 ornamental adj.装饰性的; 点缀的 9 fashionable adj. 流行的; 时兴的; 时髦的 10 unique adj. 独特的; 无与伦比的 11 style n. 样式; 风格 12 costume n.(节日) 服装; 戏服 13 trend n. 趋向; 风尚; 时尚 14 uniform n. 制服 15 match v. (颜色、样式等) 与……相配 16 delicacy n. 精美的食物; 佳肴 17 course n. 一道菜 18 tasty adj. 美味的; 可口的 19 cuisine n. 菜肴; 烹饪; 风味 20 culinary adj. 烹饪的; 食物的 21 recipe n. 烹饪配方; 食谱 22 ingredient n. 成分;(尤指烹饪) 原料 23 stir-fry v. 翻炒; 炒; 煸 24 snack n. 点心; 小吃; 快餐 25 treat sb to 请某人吃…… 26 lose appetite 没胃口 27 be on a diet 节食 话题重点句、亮点句 1 The delicious smell soon reaches my nose and my mouth starts to water.【译林版必修一 Unit 1】香味很快传到我的鼻子里，我开始流口水。 2 The combination of spicy, salty, sweet and sour flavors makes Gong Bao Chicken hard to resist.【外研社必修二 Unit1】辣味、咸味、甜味和酸味的融合使得宫保鸡丁让人难以抗拒。 3 For example, America’ s most popular Chinese dish is General Tso’ s chicken, which consists of fried chicken covered in a sweet sauce, flavoured with hot red peppers.【人教版选择性必修二 Unit 3】例如, 美国最受欢迎的中式菜肴是左宗棠鸡，这道菜是由裹着甜酱汁的炸鸡组成，佐以红辣椒提味。 4 Each Nanjing salted duck takes several days to prepare, and the process includes salting, drying, boiling and cooling.【译林选择性必修一Unit 1】每一只南京盐水鸭都需要花费数天时间来制作，制作过程包括腌制、风干、烹煮和冷却。 5 As with most people in southern China, the Dai prefer rice. They eat many meats, including fish, chicken, duck,pork and beef, but they avoid lamb. Dai food favors spicy and sour flavors.【冀教版必修一 Unit 4】和中国南方的大多数人一样，傣族人偏爱米饭。他们吃很多种肉类，包括鱼、鸡肉、鸭肉、猪肉和牛肉，但他们不吃羊肉。傣族食物口感偏酸辣。 6 We toasted each other, we laughed, and the simple, homemade dishes tasted more delicious than anything cooked by a top chef.【外研社必修二 Unit 2】我们互相敬酒,开怀大笑,自制的简单菜肴尝起来比任何顶级厨师做的都好吃。 7 Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world,which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion —— they are central to its movement.【2019全国Ⅲ卷】中国模特是向全世界女性兜售梦想的美丽和时尚活动的代言人，这意味着中国女性不仅仅是时尚的消费者————她们是时尚运动的核心。 8 Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot,tasty soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food.【2023 新高考Ⅰ卷】小笼包(汤包 )，那些精致的饺子皮，包裹着热腾腾的美味汤汁和甜甜的鲜肉，绝对是我最喜欢的中国街头小吃。 ( 第 1 页 共 11 页 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 用英语讲述中国传统文化之传统文化阅读 历史古迹 Passage 1阅读理解 A 主题语境：历史古迹 语篇类型：说明文 词数: 315 建议用时：7分钟 The Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City are recognized as the first city in China and provide archaeological evidence that Chinese civilization has a history of over 5,000 years. The site was listed as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 2019. UNESCO describes it as“representing the great achievement of prehistoric rice-cultivating civilization of China over 5,000 years ago, and an outstanding example of early urban civilization”. Located in the Yangtze River Basin on the south-eastern coast of the country, the Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City were the political and religious center of an early regional state in the Taihu Lake Basin. * The Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City reveal an early regional state with rice-cultivating agriculture as its economic base, and social differentiation and a unified belief system, which existed in the Late Neolithic period in China. This 5,300-year-old city was first discovered by Shi Xingeng in 1936, and then became known to the world after many years of archaeological excavations.The Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City have been designated as a National Key Cultural Relics Protection Unit, and are the most representative prehistoric large-scale settlement in East Asia, marking a milestone in the development of human civilization. The Liangzhu culture,as the peak of early rice agriculture in the formation stage of Chinese civilization, had a profound impact on the evolution of Chinese culture for the following five thousand years. The complex water conservancy system around Liangzhu, along with the burial sites (including altars)that show social classes and excavated items represented by special jade artifacts used in ceremonies, all show how small Neolithic societies changed into an early state. These discoveries clearly show how advanced the rice-growing civilizations were in the lower Yangtze River area during the Neolithic Age. Together, they help us understand well that the Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City are a great example of an early local city civilization. 1 Why are the Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City important? A. They are listed as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO. B. They prove that China grew rice the earliest in the world. C. They indicate that China has a5,000-year-old civilization. D. They show that China was successful in city construction. 2 What featured the pre-historic civilization in the Taihu Lake Basin? A. The advanced social system. B. The well-developed technology. C. The rice-grown agriculture. D. The prosperous economy. 3 What can we infer from the discoveries of the Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City? A. The civilization in the Yangtze River Basin reached a new stage. B. People gathered and lived in communities in well-designed cities. C. Good rice harvest increased the population as well as economy. D. Neolithic societies existed a short time due to new political systems. 4 What can be the best title of the passage? A. Excavation of the Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City B. Significance of the Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City C. Civilization Development of the Yangtze River Basin D. Development of China’ s Rice-Cultivating Agriculture 参考答案： 良渚古城遗址被誉为中国第一城。2019年被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产。联合国教科文组织称它“代表了 5000多年前中国史前稻作文明的伟大成就，是早期城市文明的杰出典范”。 1. C 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句 The Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City... that Chinese civilization has a history of over 5,000 years.可知,良渚古城遗址的重要性在于它为中国有5000多年文明史提供了考古证据。 2. C 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句 The Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City reveal an early regional state with rice-cultivating agriculture as its economic base ...可知,良渚古城遗址揭示了新石器时代晚期中国以稻作农业为经济基础，也就是说太湖流域的史前文明以稻作农业为特色。 3. A 推理判断题。根据第三段第二句 The Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City… marking a milestone in the development of human civilization.以及第五段第一句These discoveries clearly show how advanced the rice-growing civilizations were in the lower Yangtze River area during the Neolithic Age.可知, 良渚古城遗址的发现表明长江流域的文明发展到了一个新的阶段。 4. B主旨大意题。本文主要从多个方面阐述了良渚古城遗址的重要意义，如为中国5000多年文明史提供证据、是早期城市文明的杰出范例、对中国文化发展有深远影响等，故B项“良渚古城遗址的意义”最适合作为文章标题。 难句分析 ★ The Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City reveal an early regional state with rice-cultivating agriculture as its economic base, and social differentiation and a unified belief system, which existed in the Late Neolithic period in China.良渚古城遗址揭示了一个以稻作农业作为经济基础、存在社会分化和统一信仰体系的早期区域国家，这个国家存在于中国新石器时代晚期。with...是介词短语作后置定语。which 引导非限制性定语从句, 对 an early regional state 进行补充说明。 参考译文： 良渚古城遗址被公认为中国的第一座城市，为中华文明拥有5000多年的历史提供了考古证据。该遗址在2019年被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产地。联合国教科文组织将其描述为“代表了中国在5000多年前史前稻作文明的伟大成就，是早期城市文明的杰出典范”。 良渚古城遗址位于中国东南沿海的长江流域，曾是太湖流域早期区域性国家的政治与宗教中心。良渚古城遗址揭示了一个以稻作农业作为经济基础、存在社会分化和统一信仰体系的早期区域性国家，这个国家存在于中国新石器时代晚期。 这座有着5300年历史的城市在1936年由施昕更首次发现，经过多年的考古发掘后闻名于世。良渚古城遗址已被列为全国重点文物保护单位，是东亚地区最具代表性的史前大型聚落，标志着人类文明发展的一个里程碑。良渚文化作为中国文明形成阶段早期稻作农业的巅峰，对之后五千年中国文化的演变产生了深远影响。 良渚周边复杂的水利系统，连同那些显示出社会阶层划分的墓葬遗址(包括祭坛)以及以仪式上使用的特殊玉器为代表的出土物品，都展示了新石器时代的小型社会是如何演变成早期国家的。 这些发现清楚地表明了新石器时代长江下游地区的稻作文明有多么先进。它们共同帮助我们很好地理解了良渚古城遗址是早期区域性城市文明的一个绝佳范例。 Passage 2 阅读理解B 主题语境：历史古迹 语篇类型：说明文 词数: 355 建议用时：7分钟 As the largest imperial architectural complex in Beijing, the Temple of Heaven is renowned for its meticulously symbolic layout, unique structures, and magnificent decorations. Between 1420 and 1900,emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties worshiped the Heaven God and prayed for bountiful harvests here. The Hall of Prayer for Good Harvests (祈年殿),which was built in 1420, is one of the earliest structures in the Temple of Heaven complex. It is one of the world's largest ancient wooden buildings——38 meters tall and 36meters in diameter, and was built entirely without nails.Originally, it was called“The Great Sacrificial Hall(大祀殿)”. * In 1545, the building was reconstructed into a circular wooden hall standing on a square base,embodying (体现) the ancient Chinese cosmological(宇宙哲学的) concept: the circular shape symbolizing Heaven and the square base representing Earth. The triple-eaved (三重檐的) roof is supported by 28 large pillars——four central pillars represent the four seasons, twelve inner columns represent the twelve months, and twelve outer columns represent the twelve two-hour periods that made up a day in China's old timing system. In 1751, during Emperor Qianlong's reign, the roof tiles were changed to blue (symbolizing the sky), and the hall was formally renamed“The Hall of Prayer for Good Harvests”,reflecting its exclusive ceremonial purpose for harvest rituals. The Circular Mound Altar (圜丘坛), constructed in1530, is a three-tiered marble platform. It was enclosed by two sets of walls that are square outside and round inside. In ancient China, nine was considered to be the most powerful number(representing eternity), so the slabs(石板) forming the Circular Mound Altar were laid in multiples of nine. The yearly winter solstice ceremonies were held there. The Imperial Vault of Heaven(皇穹宇) was dedicated to housing“God’ s Tablets” —— stone tablets which was used in the harvest prayer ceremony. There are no nails or beams inside the hall. The vast dome is supported by16 wooden pillars and numerous brackets. This Imperial Vault of Heaven is surrounded by a circular wall (the Echo Wall). Due to its smooth surface, sound can travel (be reflected) large distances along the wall. 1 What is the feature of The Hall of Prayer for Good Harvests? A. It is the world's earliest wooden building. B. It has two names because of different occasions. C. It shows the spirit of Chinese ancient architecture. D. It was constructed without using any nails. 2 What is the purpose of the author by mentioning the number of pillars? A. To convey the philosophy of ancient China. B. To explain the symbolic layout of the building. C. To prove the magnificence of the architecture. D. To suggest the emperors' strong belief in nature. 3 What do the Circular Mound Altar and the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvests have in common? A. The number of pillars. B. The feature of the layout. C. The building materials. D. The ceremonious events. 4 Which book is this text most likely to be read from? A. Essence of Chinese Ancient Architectures. B. Traditions for Harvest and Solstice. C. Chinese Ancient Philosophy and Architectures. D. Ancient Wooden Structures around China. 参考答案： 作为北京规模最大的皇家建筑群，天坛凭借精巧的象征布局、别致的建筑构造与华美装饰闻名于世。本文聚焦祈年殿、圜丘坛与皇穹宇，从三重檐立柱暗藏的四时历法，到圜丘坛九数铺石的永恒寓意，再到回音壁声学奇趣，深度展现中国古代建筑的智慧与文化内涵。 1. D 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句 It is one of the world's largest ancient wooden buildings——38 meters tall and 36 meters in diameter, and was built entirely without nails.可知，祈年殿是世界上最大的古代木结构建筑之一，整个建筑未使用一根钉子。 2. B写作目的题。第三段提到祈年殿有28根大柱子，中间的4根柱子代表四季，12根内柱代表12个月，12根外柱代表12个时辰，由此可知，作者通过介绍这些柱子的数量是为了指出其象征意义，从而解释祈年殿这座建筑的象征布局。 3. B细节理解题。文中提到祈年殿是圆形建筑，坐落在方形基座上，这体现了天圆地方的理念。文中在介绍圜丘坛时，提到其外方内圆的两重围墙环绕，同样也体现了天圆地方的概念。所以从建筑布局的角度来看，两者都体现了中国古代天圆地方的哲学思想，这是它们的共同特征。 4. A推理判断题。本文主要介绍了天坛这一皇家建筑群，包括祈年殿、圜丘坛、皇穹宇等的建筑特点、象征意义等，属于中国古代建筑的范畴，最有可能出现在《中国古代建筑精华》这本书中。 难句分析 ★ In 1545, the building was reconstructed into a circular wooden hall standing on a square base, embodying the ancient Chinese cosmological concept: the circular shape symbolizing Heaven and the square base representing Earth.1545年，该建筑被改建为一座圆形木构殿宇，坐落于方形基座之上，诠释了中国古代的宇宙观————圆形象征天宇，方基代表大地。 standing on a square base是现在分词短语作后置定语,修饰 hall。 embodying..., 是现在分词短语作伴随状语，说明重建后的建筑所体现的意义；其中 the circular shape... representing Earth是对 cosmological concept进行解释说明。 参考译文： 作为北京最大的皇家建筑群，天坛以其精心设计的象征性布局、独特的建筑结构和华丽的装饰而闻名。在1420 年至 1900 年间，明清两代的皇帝在此祭拜天神，祈求丰收。 祈年殿建于1420年，是天坛建筑群中历史最悠久的建筑之一。它是世界上最大的古代木结构建筑之一，高38米，直径36米，整个建筑未使用一根钉子。最初，它被称为“大祀殿”。 1545年，该建筑被改建为一座圆形木构殿宇，坐落于方形基座之上，诠释了中国古代的宇宙观——圆形象征天宇，方基代表大地。三重檐屋顶由28根巨柱支撑：中央四柱象征四季，内圈十二柱代表月份，外圈十二柱对应中国传统计时法中的十二时辰。1751年乾隆年间，殿顶琉璃瓦改为象征苍穹的蓝色，并正式更名为“祈年殿”，突显其专用于祈求丰年的祭祀功能。 圜丘坛建于1530年，是一座三层的大理石祭坛。坛体由内外两道围墙环绕，外方内圆。在中国古代，“九”被认为是最为尊贵强大的数字(代表着永恒)，所以构成圜丘坛的石板都是以九的倍数来铺设的。每年的冬至祭天仪式都在此举行。 皇穹宇是用来供奉“神牌”的地方，这些神牌是用于祈谷仪式的石碑。殿内没有钉子和横梁。巨大的穹顶由16根木柱和众多斗拱支撑。皇穹宇被一堵圆形的围墙(回音壁)环绕着。由于墙面十分光滑，声音能够沿着墙壁传播(反射)到很远的距离。 Passage 3 七选五阅读 主题语境：历史古迹 语篇类型：说明文 词数: 300 建议用时：7分钟 Yingxian Wooden Pagoda is the oldest and tallest surviving wooden pagoda structure in China. This wonderful building is constructed without any nails or screws but totally with woods through Chinese mortise and tenon joint technique. It is the existing largest and oldest wooden pagoda structure in China. 1 . During its nearly 1,000years' history, the pagoda has survived several large earthquakes. It highly represents the ancient architecture art of China. Sitting on a 4 m tall stone platform, the pagoda is 67.31 meters in height. 2 . The base floor of the pagoda is 30.27 meters in diameter,and the whole pagoda weighs about 7,400 metric tons. 3 . However, it has nine stories (with four blind stories inside the pagoda). On each story, there are two circles of wooden pillars to support the upper story:24 wooden pillars at the outside circle and8 wooden pillars at the inside circle. Among the pillars, there are also many diagonal bracings and short columns to enhance the stability and shock resistance of the pagoda. 4 . Dougong is a system of brackets in Chinese building, wooden square blocks inserted between the top of a column and a crossbeam. The most magical part of the pagoda is that no iron nail is used here at all, and the connection works are completed through Chinese mortise and tenon joint structure. * The Chinese mortise and tenon joint structure can bear a large load and it allows certain deformation, thus, it can reduce the influence of earthquakes, and this structure is the main reason why the pagoda has survived numerous earthquakes through nearly a thousand years. At present, the pagoda is leaning towards the north at an angle over 15°, and some wooden pillars and beams are decayed. 5 . Please protect the pagoda in your visit. 阅读短文，从选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A. There is a legend about this architecture B. So tourists are not allowed to go up the pagoda C. It is higher than a 20-storey building in modern times D. Seen from the outside, the pagoda appears to be five storeys E. The pagoda was built in 1056(under the reign of the Liao Dynasty) F. A lot of Dougongs are used to connect various pillars and crossbeams G. The pagoda was built on a carefully designed layout showing Chinese traditions 参考答案： 本文介绍了应县木塔的建筑特色与历史意义。它是中国现存最古老、最高的木结构佛塔，以榫卯技艺搭建，不用一钉。木塔外五实九层，独特结构增强抗震性。历经近千年风雨与地震，虽现倾斜腐朽，仍是中国古代建筑艺术的典范。 1. E 根据后文 During its nearly 1,000 years’ history, thepagoda has survived several large earthquakes.可知,应县木塔有近1000年的历史。E项提到了木塔建造的时间 (1056年，辽代)，与后文的历史描述相呼应。 2. C 根据前句 Sitting on a 4 m tall stone platform, thepagoda is 67.31 meters in height.可知, 应县木塔的高度是67.31米。C项将木塔的高度与现代20层楼的建筑作比较，进一步说明了木塔的高度之高，符合语境。 3. D第三段说明了木塔明5层暗4层的建筑特点，因此D项可以概括本段的大意，可以作为本段的主题句。根据后文 However, it has nine stories(with fourblind stories inside the pagoda).可知, 这里提到了木塔实际上有九层(内部有四层暗层)， however表示转折，故D 项“从外面看木塔好像是五层”，与后文的实际层数形成对比，符合逻辑。 4. F后文介绍了木塔的斗拱建筑风格以及斗拱建筑的优点，因此F项“很多斗拱被用来连接各种柱子和横梁”，可以引出下文对斗拱的介绍，符合语境。 5. B 根据前句中的 leaning towards the north at an angle over 15°与 some wooden pillars and beams are decayed可知，木塔已经倾斜，且木柱与横梁已经出现腐烂，故B项“所以游客不被允许登上木塔”是合理的结果，符合语境。 参考译文： 应县木塔是中国现存最古老、最高的木结构佛塔。这座精妙绝伦的建筑没有使用任何钉子或螺丝钉，完全是通过中国的榫卯技艺，用木材建造而成的。它是中国现存规模最大、历史最悠久的木结构佛塔。该木塔建于1056年(辽代统治时期)。在其近千年的历史中，这座木塔经受住了多次大地震的考验。它高度代表了中国古代的建筑艺术。 这座木塔坐落在4米高的石基之上，塔高67.31米。它比现代的一栋20层建筑还要高。木塔底层的直径为30.27米,整座木塔的重量约为7400 吨。 从外观上看，这座木塔貌似是五层。然而，它有九层(木塔内有四层暗层)。每层都有两圈木柱支撑上层：外圈有24根木柱，内圈有8根木柱。在这些柱子之间，还有许多斜撑和短柱，以增强木塔的稳定性和抗震性。 木塔使用了大量的斗拱来连接各种柱子和横梁。斗拱是中国建筑中的一种斗拱结构体系，是插入在柱子顶部和横梁之间的方形木块。这座木塔最神奇的地方在于，它完全没有使用铁钉，所有构件均通过中国传统榫卯结构完成咬合连接。中国传统的榫卯结构能够承受较大的荷载，并且允许一定程度的变形，因此，它可以减轻地震的影响，而这种结构正是这座木塔在近千年的时间里历经无数次地震仍能保存下来的主要原因。 目前，这座木塔向北倾斜的角度超过了15°，并且一些木柱和横梁已经腐朽。所以，游客不被允许登上这座木塔。请在参观时保护好这座木塔。 Passage 4完形填空 主题语境：历史古迹 语篇类型：记叙文 词数: 265 建议用时：13分钟 Huangshan in Anhui Province is famous for its top three tourist attractions in eastern China. One is the Yellow Mountains, and the other two are the ancient Hongcun Village and Xidi Village. I decided to visit Huangshan to 1 Hongcun Village, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, during my two-week solo trip to China. I had simply the best experiences and 2 each moment. Hongcun Village, located in Yi County, Anhui Province, is about 900 years old. Covering an area of 28hectares, the village has a 3 of just 1,500. It 4 highlights ancient residences and courtyards from the Ming and Qing dynasties. * You’ ll love the well-preserved beautiful countryside of this village, whose 5 landscape is the top attraction among all the 6 . It is fun to walk and explore the small village, shop for the local 7 and souvenirs, and enjoy meals at the village eateries. Moreover, photography is the ultimate(终极的) way to capture the charm of rural 8 and landscapes. I was captivated by the beautiful scenery of Hongcun Village.It is said that the village was 9 in the shape of an Ox.But to me, the 10 village seemed like a canvas(油画),where every object was 11 with so much fondness and love. There is no way to 12 visiting, and it's a must-visit for history and nature lovers. Ancient Hongcun Village was 13 a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2000 for its unique preservation of the old architecture. This village got much 14 after the shooting of the Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon.Many scenes from this Chinese action film are 15 from the picturesque Hongcun Village. 1 A. search B. explore C. photograph D. cover 2 A. enjoyed B. recorded C. ignored D. marked 3 A. distance B. history C. height D. population 4 A. regularly B. usually C. mainly D. totally 5 A. mysterious B. abundant C. scary D. charming 6 A. villagers B. tourists C. painters D. producers 7 A. products B. snacks C. pictures D. animals 8 A. tradition B. celebration C. architecture D. harvest 9 A. expanded B. founded C. constructed D. performed 10 A. entire B. remote C. modern D. wild 11 A. connected B.combined C. extended D. painted 12 A. allow B. regret C. stop D. admit 13 A. known for B. listed as C. named after D. updated to 14 A. fantasy B. inspiration C. popularity D. affection 15 A. taken B. released C. established D. played 参考答案： 本文记录了作者游历宏村的独特体验。这座拥有 900多年历史的古村落，以明清时期的住宅庭院闻名遐迩。2000年，宏村被列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录。自《卧虎藏龙》在此取景拍摄后，它更是成为无数游客争相打卡的热门之地。 1. B根据上下文可知，作者去黄山是为了探索宏村。explore意为“探索；考察”之意，符合语境。 2. A 根据I had simply the best experience 可知, 作者在宏村旅行，获得了最佳的体验，故此处指他享受每一刻。 3. D 根据 Covering an area of 28 hectares及语境可知,这里是介绍宏村的面积和人口情况。population意为“人口”，符合语境。 4. C根据语境可知，宏村主要以明清时期的古民居和庭院为特色。mainly意为“主要地”，符合语境。 5. D 根据 You’ ll love the well-preserved beautiful countryside of this village 可知,宏村是古建筑保存完好的美丽村庄，故此处指宏村的风景是迷人的。charming意为“迷人的;吸引人的”, 与 the top attraction 相呼应。 6. B宏村是一个旅游景点，故此处指“在所有游客看来，它迷人的风景是最吸引人的”。tourist意为“游客”，符合语境。 7. A 根据 shop 和 souvenirs可知, 此处指游客可以在这里漫步，探索这个古村的美景，购买当地特产和纪念品。 product意为“产品”, 符合语境。 8. C根据语境可知，此处指摄影是捕捉乡村建筑和风景魅力的终极方式。前文提到了宏村的古民居等建筑, 故 architecture (建筑) 符合语境。 9. C 根据 the shape of an Ox 可知, 此处指宏村是根据牛的形状建造的。construct意为“建造”，符合语境。 10. A根据语境可知，作者认为整个宏村看起来像一幅油画。entire意为“整个的；全部的”，符合语境。 11. D前文提到把宏村比喻成油画，故此处指里面的每一个物体就像是被精心绘制在上面的。paint意为“绘制”，符合比喻的语境。 12. B 根据后文 a must-visit for history and nature lovers可知，对一个爱好历史和自然的人来说，宏村是必游之地，故此处指“到此一游绝不会让你后悔”。regret意为“后悔”，符合语境。 13. B句意为：2000年，古宏村因其独特的古老建筑遗存而被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产。be listed as意为“被列为”，符合语境。 14. C根据语境可知，此处指在电影《卧虎藏龙》拍摄后，宏村变得更受欢迎了。popularity意为“受欢迎；流行”，符合语境。 15. A 根据 Many scenes from this Chinese action film 以及 from the picturesque Hongcun Village可知, 这部中国动作电影中的许多场景都是在风景如画的宏村拍摄的。 be taken from意为“从……选取;取自”, 这里指场景取自宏村，符合语境。 难句分析 ★ You’ ll love the well-preserved beautiful countryside of this village, whose charming landscape is the top attraction among all the tourists. 你一定会喜欢这个村庄保存完好的美丽乡村风貌，其迷人的景色对所有游客来说都是最具吸引力的地方。 whose 引导非限制性定语从句，对 village进行补充说明。 参考译文： 中国东部的安徽省黄山市以其三大著名旅游景点而闻名。其中一个是黄山，另外两个是古老的宏村和西递村。在我为期两周的中国独自旅行中，我决定前往黄山，去探索被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产地的宏村。我拥有了堪称绝妙的旅行体验，享受着旅途中的每一刻。 宏村位于安徽省黟县，距今约有900年的历史。这个村庄占地28公顷，人口仅有1500人。它主要以明清时期的古民居和庭院为特色。你一定会喜欢这个村庄保存完好的美丽乡村风貌，其迷人的景色对所有游客来说都是最具吸引力的地方。漫步并探索这个小村庄，购买当地的特产和纪念品，在村里的餐馆享用美食，都是非常有趣的体验。 此外，摄影是捕捉乡村建筑和风景魅力的绝佳方式。我被宏村的美丽景色深深吸引。据说宏村是按照一头牛的形状建造的。但对我来说，整个村庄就像一幅油画，画中的每一个景物都饱含着深情与热爱。来这里游览绝对不会让你感到后悔，它是历史爱好者和自然爱好者的必游之地。 古老的宏村因其对古老建筑的独特保护，于2000年被列为联合国教科文组织世界遗产地。在电影《卧虎藏龙》在此拍摄后，这个村庄声名大噪。这部中国动作电影的许多场景都取自风景如画的宏村。 Passage 5 语法填空 主题语境：历史古迹 语篇类型：说明文 词数: 250 建议用时：8分钟 Pingyao Ancient City, with over 2,700 years of history, still keeps its original layout and style intact: long ancient city walls, elegant residences and courtyards,vertical and 1 (horizon) streets and alleys (胡同)，and scattered banks and moats (护城河)， all reflecting a prosperous country during the Ming and Qing dynasties. 2 (recognize) as one of the best-preserved ancient cities in China, it was listed as a UNESCO World Cultural Heritage Site in 1997. Pingyao Ancient City was founded in the Western Zhou Dynasty,and expanded during the Ming and Qing 3 (dynasty). It has served as the seat of the county government since the Qin Dynasty. In 1370, the city walls were rebuilt, expanded and reinforced with bricks. Numerous watchtowers and gate towers were added during subsequent renovations. Up to now,it 4 (survive) wars and modernization, retaining its historical integrity. * Built 5 (complete) in accordance with traditional urban planning style and layout principles of cities of the Chinese Han nationality, Pingyao Ancient City keeps its original structure, 6 reflects the popular urban planning concepts 7 the Ming and Qing period. Circled by the ancient city wall, Pingyao Ancient City lies like a slightly tilted (倾斜的) square. 8 (see) from a bird's eye perspective with some imagination, you will feel it is more like 9 turtle. The Southern Gate is like the head, Northern Gate is the tail, the two wells outside the Southern Gate are the eyes, and gates in the east and west are the symbols of its limbs. The interlaced network of avenues, roads 10 lanes presents the complicated lines on a turtle's shell. 阅读短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 参考答案： 本文介绍了有着超 2700 年历史的平遥古城，它完整保留原布局风格，1997 年被列为世界文化遗产。其始建于西周，明清扩建，城墙多次修缮。建筑为传统风格，从外形看形似乌龟。 1. horizontal 考查形容词。根据语境可知，此处是描述街道和胡同纵横交错的样子。 streets and alleys为名词,需要形容词修饰。 horizon的形容词形式是 horizontal,意为“水平的”, 与 vertical (垂直的) 相对应。 2. Recognized 考查非谓语动词。 Recognized as... 是过去分词短语作状语,相当于 Because it is recognized as...,表示原因, it指代 Pingyao Ancient City, 与 recognize之间是被动关系，即“平遥古城被认为是……”。 3. dynasties 考查名词。明朝、清朝是两个朝代,故填dynasty的复数形式。 4. has survived 考查时态。由时间状语 up to now 可知，句子用现在完成时。it为第三人称单数，故填has survived。 5.completely 考查副词。修饰动词 built, 要用副词completely, 意为“完全地;彻底地”。 6. which考查定语从句。引导非限制性定语从句，对its original structure 进行补充说明, 且在从句中作主语,故填关系代词 which。 7. of考查介词。根据语境可知，此处表示“明清时期的流行城市规划理念”，of表示所属关系，意为“……的”，符合语境。 8. Seeing 考查非谓语动词。句子的谓语动词是 feel,see处于非谓语的位置， you与 see之间是主动关系，因此 see用现在分词形式，现在分词短语作时间状语。 9. a 考查冠词。turtle是可数名词，此处表示“一只乌龟”，且 turtle以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。 10. and 考查连词。 avenues, roads与 lanes之间是并列关系，因此填并列连词 and，表示“大街、道路和小巷”。 难句分析 ★ Built completely in accordance with traditional urban planning style and layout principles of citiesof the Chinese Han nationality, Pingyao Ancient City keeps its original structure, which reflects the popular urban planning concepts of the Ming and Qing Period.平遥古城完全按照中国汉族城市的传统城市规划风格和布局原则修建而成，它保留了其原有的建筑结构，这反映了明清时期流行的城市规划理念。 which引导非限制性定语从句, 对 its original structure进行补充说明。 built completely ...为过去分词短语,作原因状语。 参考译文： 平遥古城拥有2700多年的历史，至今仍完整地保留着其最初的布局和风格：古老而绵长的城墙、雅致的民居和庭院、纵横交错的街巷以及星罗棋布的河岸和护城河，所有这些都反映出明清时期一个繁荣县城的景象。平遥古城被公认为是中国保存最为完好的古城之一，它于1997年被联合国教科文组织列为世界文化遗产地。 平遥古城始建于西周时期，在明清两代得以扩建。自秦朝以来，它一直是县治所在地。1370年，城墙得以重建、扩建，并用砖石进行加固。在随后的修缮过程中，增设了许多瞭望塔和城楼。时至今日，它历经了战争与现代化进程的洗礼，仍保留着其历史的完整性。 平遥古城完全按照中国汉族传统城市规划风格和布局原则修建而成，它保留了其原有的建筑结构，这反映了明清时期流行的城市规划理念。 平遥古城被古老的城墙环绕，形似一个微微倾斜的正方形。若从鸟瞰视角并稍加想象来看，你会觉得它更像一只乌龟。南门如同乌龟的头，北门恰似龟尾，南门之外的两眼水井是它的双眼，东西两侧的城门则象征着它的四肢。城内纵横交错的大街、道路和小巷构成了类似乌龟壳上复杂纹理的线条。 Passage 1 阅读理解 A 单词短语 ( 第 1 页 共 11 页 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1 prehistoric adj. 史前的 2 urban adj. 城市的 3 differentiation n.分化 4 excavation n.挖掘 5 Neolithic period 新石器时代 经典句式 The Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City are recognized as the first city in China and provide archaeological evidence that Chinese civilization has a history of over 5,000 years. (that 引导同位语从句, 解释说明 evidence) Passage 2 阅读理解B 单词短语 1 renowned adj. 著名的 2 meticulously adv. 细致地 3 cosmological adj. 宇宙哲学的 4 reconstruct v. 重建; 改造 5 embody v. 体现 6 dedicate v. 致力于 7 imperial architectural complex 皇家建筑群 8 prayer for good harvests 祈愿丰收 经典句式 1 The Hall of Prayer for Good Harvests, which was built in 1420, is one of the earliest structures in the Temple of Heaven complex. ( which引导非限制性定语从句，对前面的内容进行补充说明) 2 In ancient China, nine was considered to be the most powerful number (representing eternity), so the slabs forming the Circular Mound Altar were laid in multiples of nine.(现在分词短语作定语) Passage 3 七选五阅读 单词短语 1 screw n.螺丝 2 crossbeam n.横梁 3 bracket n.托架; 支架; 斗 4 deformation n. 变形 5 decay v. 腐烂 6 diagonal bracing 对角支撑 7 mortise and tenon joint structure 榫卯结构 经典句式 The most magical part of the pagoda is that no iron nail is used here at all, and the connection works are completed through Chinese mortise and tenon joint structure. (that 引导表语从句) Passage 4完形填空 单词短语 1 heritage n. 遗产 2 solo adj. 独自的 3 hectare n. 公顷 4 residence n. 住宅; 住所 5 souvenir n. 纪念品 6 preservation n. 保护 经典句式 1 It is fun to walk and explore the small village, shop for the local products and souvenirs, and enjoy meals at the village eateries. (it为形式主语，动词不定式作真正主语) 2 But to me, the entire village seemed like a canvas,where every object was painted with so much fondness and love. (where 引导定语从句, 对 canvas 进行补充说明) Passage 5 语法填空 单词短语 1 layout n. 布局 2 intact adj. 完整的; 原封不动的 3 scattered adj. 分散的; 零散的 4 perspective n. 角度 5 avenue n. 大道 6 in accordance with 与……一致; 按照 经典句式 Circled by the ancient city wall, Pingyao Ancient City lies like a slightly tilted square. (过去分词短语作伴随状语) 话题高频词汇 1 relics n. 遗迹 2 remains n. 古迹; 遗迹 3 feature n.特点, 特色 4 layout n.布局; 设计 5 characteristic n.特点; 特色 6 mortise and tenon joint 榫卯结构 7 innovation n.创新; 改革 8 pavilion n.亭; 阁 9 tower n.塔 10 monastery寺院 11 mural壁画 12 architecture n.建筑设计; 建筑风格 13 architect n.建筑师 14 craftsmanship n.手艺; 技艺; 精工细作 15 sculpture n. 雕像; 雕塑品 16 carve v.雕刻 17 design n. & v. 设计 18 elegant adj.优雅的 19 intricate adj. 错综复杂的 20 delicate adj.精致的; 精细的 21 complex n.建筑群 22 magnificent adj. 宏伟的; 壮丽的 23 ingenious adj.巧妙的; 制作精巧的 24 function n.作用; 功能 25 symmetrical adj.对称的 26 symbolical adj. 象征性的 27 pillar n. 柱子 28 creative adj. 创新的 29 beyond imagination 超出想象力 30 find inspiration from从……寻找灵感 31 figure out解决; 算出 32 in line with 符合……的; 与……一致的 话题重点句、亮点句 1 Besides the temple, visitors can enjoy the grounds outside, where there are more than 1,000 stone tablets and over 100,000 tombs.【北师大版必修二 Unit 3】除了孔庙, 游客还可以欣赏外面的场地, 那里有1000多块石碑和10万多座坟墓。 2 The Imperial Tombs of the Ming and Qing Dynasties are among the most extraordinary cultural remains to be found anywhere in the world.【译林版必修三 Unit 4】明清帝王陵是世界上任何地方都能找到的最为非凡的文化遗迹之一。 3 The Ming and Qing tombs have now been listed as UNESCO World Heritage Sites, which will help bring the necessary attention and assistance for protecting them in the future.【译林版必修三 Unit 4】明清帝王陵现已被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产，这将有助于在未来为保护它们带来必要的关注和支持。 4 Starting in the Yuan Dynasty, work on the terraces took hundreds of years, until its completion in the early Qing Dynasty.【外研版必修一 Unit 6】梯田的修建工作始于元朝，历经数百年，直到清朝初年才完工。 5 Hutongs—— the many little alleys that connect the rectangular courtyards of traditional houses—— are a feature of ancient Chinese architecture.【北师大版选择性必修四 Unit 10】胡同———连接着传统房屋矩形庭院的众多小巷————是中国古代建筑的一大特色。 6 Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I was amazed by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage while constantly growing.【2023全国乙卷】在过去的十年里,我曾多次到访，(这座城市)新旧事物的和谐共存，以及一座城市如何能够在不断发展壮大的同时还保留着如此丰富的文化遗产，都让我惊叹不已。 7 After spending some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history!【2021全国甲卷】在花了一些时间观赏了长城上的各种防御设施后，我们觉得是时候采取一些行动了，还有什么能比骑乘在一段活历史上更棒的呢！ 难句分析 ★ The Chinese mortise and tenon joint structure can bear a large load and it allows certain deformation,thus, it can reduce the influence of earthquakes, and this structure is the main reason why the pagoda has survived numerous earthquakes through nearly a thousand years.中国传统的榫卯结构能够承受较大的荷载，并且允许一定程度的变形，因此，它可以减轻地震的影响，而这种结构正是这座木塔在近千年的时间里历经无数次地震仍能保存下来的主要原因。 and连接两个并列分句。第一个分句中， thus引出结果状语从句。第二个分句中， why引导定语从句，修饰先行词 reason。 ( 第 22 页 共 23 页 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $