用英语讲述中国传统文化之传统文化阅读之传统美德 专练-2026届高三英语一轮复习专项

用英语讲述中国传统文化之传统文化阅读 传统美德 Passage 1阅读理解 A 主题语境：爱国将士 语篇类型：记叙文 词数: 335 建议用时：8分钟 Wen Tianxiang was a prominent figure in the tumultuous (动荡的) final years of the Southern Song Dynasty. Born in Luling County, Jiangnan West Road(present-day Qingyuan District, Ji’ an City, Jiangxi Province), he is remembered as a statesman, literary figure, and national hero. In 1256, at the age of 21, Wen Tianxiang achieved the highest honor by becoming the Zhuangyuan (状元)in the palace examination. In 1275, the Yuan Dynasty launched a massive invasion of the Southern Song territories. * Devoting his personal wealth to the cause,Wen Tianxiang recruited soldiers to defend the kingdom,for which he was appointed as the military commander for Zhexi and Jiangdong, with additional responsibilities as the administrator of Pingjiang Prefecture. Later, he was promoted to the position of Prime Minister and simultaneously(同时) appointed as the Military Strategist. From 1276 to 1277, Wen Tianxiang launched campaigns in Jiangxi but suffered defeats, retreating to Guangdong. In 1278, after Zhao Bing's enthronement(登基) as the last Southern Song emperor, Wen was appointed as Duke of Xingguo and Grand Guardian.That December, he was captured at Wupoling (modern Haifeng, Guangdong) and transported to Dadu (Beijing),enduring over four years of imprisonment. Despite facing threats and temptations, Wen Tianxiang remained resolute and refused to yield to his captors. On January 9, 1283, Wen Tianxiang died with dignity,steadfast to his principles. In 1371, the Hongwu Emperor of Ming posthumously honored him with the title Zhonglie(忠烈), recognizing his loyalty and heroism. Wen Tianxiang's literary contributions are equally significant. His earlier works display a sense of righteous indignation (义愤), while his poetry took on a more robust and unrestrained style during the Deyou era. His famous lines from Passing the Lingding Ocean resonate powerfully:“Life has seen deaths since ancient times; let's leave behind a loyal heart to illuminate history.” These words have inspired countless individuals who, like Wen Tianxiang, strive for their ideals and principles. 1 What could be the proof that Wen Tianxiang was a national hero? A. Winning the top academic honor of Zhuangyuan. B. Serving as the top official of Pingjiang Prefecture. C. Recruiting soldiers to drive out invaders. D. Working with full devotion as the Prime Minister. 2 What does the underlined word“yield”mean in the third paragraph? A. Supply sth. for. B. Give way to. C. Produce profit. D. Bend or break. 3 What was the likely purpose of the Ming Dynasty to grant the honorary title to Wen Tianxiang? A. To call its soldiers to fight hard to defend the kingdom. B. To set an example of determination for later generations. C. To show respect to Wen Tianxiang’ s contributions. D. To admire Wen Tianxiang’ s tough endurance in prison. 4Where can you most probably read this text? A. Dynasties in Chinese History. B. Chinese Ancient Poetry Selections. C. Principles of Scholars in Ancient China. D. Chinese Historical Figures. 参考答案： 本文讲述了民族英雄文天祥的故事。元军入侵南宋，文天祥奉命组织军队抗击元军，被俘后，他拒绝元朝的高官厚禄诱惑，表现出坚定的民族气节。他的坚贞气节和英勇事迹使其成为后世敬仰的典范。 1. C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的 the Yuan Dynasty launched a massive invasion of the Southern Song territories和 Devoting his personal wealth to the cause,Wen Tianxiang recruited soldiers to defend the kingdom可知，在元军入侵南宋时，文天祥拿出个人财富招募士兵保卫国家，这体现了他作为民族英雄的行为。 2. B 词义猜测题。根据第三段中的 enduring over four years of imprisonment和 facing threats and temptations以及 refused可推知，文天祥忍受了四年多的牢狱之苦，尽管受到威逼利诱，但他都没有向元军屈服。因此 yield 在文中的意思是“屈服;投降”,这与 give way to意思相近。 3. B 推理判断题。根据第四段中的 the Hongwu Emperor of Ming posthumously honored him with the title Zhonglie, recognizing his loyalty and heroism可推知, 明朝皇帝追封文天祥是为了表彰他的忠诚和英勇。这样做旨在为后世树立一个坚定不屈的榜样，让后人学习他的精神。 4. D推理判断题。本文主要介绍了文天祥的生平事迹，包括他的政治生涯、军事活动以及文学成就等，属于历史人物传记，所以最有可能在《中国历史人物》这本书中读到。 难句分析 ★ Devoting his personal wealth to the cause, Wen Tianxiang recruited soldiers to defend the kingdom, for which he was appointed as the military commander for Zhexi and Jiangdong, with additional responsibilities as the administrator of Pingjiang Prefecture. 文天祥将自己的个人财富投入到保卫国家的事业中，他招募士兵来保卫南宋王朝，为此他被任命为浙西和江东的军事统帅，同时还兼任平江府知府。 Devoting his personal wealth to the cause 是现在分词短语作伴随状语。for which引导非限制性定语从句，对前面的句子进行补充说明。 with additional responsibilities as the administrator of Pingjiang Prefecture 是 with 的复合结构，作伴随状语。 参考译文： 文天祥是动荡的南宋末年的一位杰出人物。他出生于江南西路庐陵县(今江西省吉安市青原区)，作为一名政治家、文学家和民族英雄而被世人铭记。 1256 年，21 岁的文天祥在殿试中高中状元，获得了至高的荣誉。1275 年，元朝对南宋领土发动了大规模的进攻。文天祥将自己的个人财富投入到保卫国家的事业中，他招募士兵来保卫南宋王朝，为此他被任命为浙西和江东的军事统帅，同时还兼任平江府知府。后来，他被提拔为丞相，同时被任命为枢密使。 从 1276年到1277年，文天祥在江西多次出征，但均失败，随后退往广东。1278年，赵昺登基成为南宋的最后一位皇帝，之后文天祥被任命为信国公和少保。同年12月，他在五坡岭(今广东海丰)被俘，并被押送至大都(今北京)，经受了四年多的牢狱之灾。尽管面临着威胁和诱惑，文天祥始终意志坚定，拒不向抓捕他的人屈服。 1283年1月9日，文天祥从容就义，至死坚守了自己的道义。1371 年，明朝的洪武皇帝追谥他为“忠烈”，以表彰他的忠诚和英勇之举。 文天祥的文学贡献同样意义非凡。他早期的作品流露出一种义愤之情，而在德祐年间，他的诗歌呈现出更加雄浑豪放的风格。他的《过零丁洋》中的名句极具感染力：“人生自古谁无死?留取丹心照汗青。”这些诗句激励了无数像文天祥一样为自己的理想和原则而拼搏奋斗的人。 Passage 2 阅读理解B 主题语境：历史故事 语篇类型：记叙文 词数:340 建议用时：8分钟 Woxin Changdan, or“sleeping on firewood and tasting gall” is a Chinese idiom describing self-imposed hardship to achieve vengeance or ambition. * It is derived from the story of the King Goujian of Yue,who forced himself to sleep on firewood and lick a gall bladder every day to remember the humiliation of his previous defeat by the State of Wu. Wu and Yue were rival states in the lower Yangtze region during the Spring and Autumn Period. Fuchai was the son of King Helü of Wu. He became king in 495 BC,following the death of his father from injuries sustained during an invasion of Yue. In 494 BC, Fuchai defeated the Yue army and forced them to withdraw to Mount Kuaiji. Fuchai accepted the advice of Chancellor Bo Pi, who was bribed by Yue, and made a favorable peace with Yue.Later, Goujian went to the Wu court to serve Fuchai. His hard work earned him the king's trust, and Goujian was permitted to return to his kingdom after three years. In 482 BC, Fuchai successfully challenged the Duke of Jin for the status of hegemon (霸主) in Huangchi.While he was away in the north with his army, Goujian tried to improve his own army. It was said that Goujian had been nursing his bitterness by sleeping on firewood and by tasting gall each morning. For ten years, he improved his realm's governance, while personally inspiring his people by working his own fields as his wife made thread and wove by hand. It is said that Goujian also distracted Fuchai from state affairs by sending him the Yue beauty Xi Shi. In 473 BC, Goujian's forces defeated Wu. Fuchai was forced to commit suicide and Wu was annexed by Yue. Goujian's reign coincided with the last major conflict of the Spring and Autumn period, during which he ultimately led Yue to victory. Due to this achievement,some historical accounts consider Goujian the last of the Five Hegemons(五霸) of the Spring and Autumn Period. 1 Why did Goujian sleep on firewood and taste gall every day? A. To keep up his ambition to be a hegemon. B. To experience the hard life of the poor people. C. To remind himself of the previous defeat. D. To encourage his soldiers to conquer Wu. 2 Which of the following contributed most to Goujian's victory over Wu? A. A stronger army. B. Long-term strategy and patience. C. Personal ambition. D. Unyielding determination. 3 What can we conclude from the proverb“sleeping on firewood and tasting gall”? A. Constant dripping wears a stone. B. It is never too late to learn. C. Where there is a will there is a way. D. Simple life makes one excellent. 4 What can be the best title of the passage? A. Hegemons of the Spring and Autumn Period. B. The Story Behind Woxin Changdan. C. Goujian’ s Strategies to Win over the State of Wu. D. Wars and Conflicts Between States of Wu and Yue. 参考答案： 本文讲述了“卧薪尝胆”的故事，越王勾践为了复国，一扫往日的耻辱，他忍辱负重、发愤图强、坚持不懈，最终打败吴国。这个故事启示我们在面对失败和困难时，要有足够的耐心和毅力，通过自我激励和战略规划，最终实现目标。 1. C 细节理解题。根据第一段中… who forced himself... to remember the humiliation of his previous defeat by the State of Wu可知，勾践之所以卧薪尝胆，是为了提醒自己曾经被吴国打败的屈辱历史。 2. B细节理解题。文章第三段讲述了勾践为了战胜吴国所采取的措施：提高军队战斗力；改善国家治理；激励人民的斗志；给夫差施美人计等，这些都体现了他的长期战略规划和耐心。虽然军队、野心和决心也都起到了作用，但综合来看，长期的策略和耐心是他战胜吴国最重要的因素，所以选B项。 3. C推理判断题。“卧薪尝胆”这个故事体现了勾践有坚定的意志和决心去实现自己的目标，最终成功复仇并取得胜利，这与C项“有志者事竟成”寓意相符。 4. B主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了“卧薪尝胆”这一成语的由来，即勾践的故事，包括他被吴国打败后如何卧薪尝胆，采取各种策略并最终战胜吴国，所以B项“The Story Behind Woxin Changdan”是最合适的标题。 难句分析 ★ It is derived from the story of the King Goujian of Yue,who forced himself to sleep on firewood and lick a gall bladder every day to remember the humiliation of his previous defeat by the State of Wu.它源自越王勾践的故事，勾践迫使自己每天睡在柴草上，舔胆囊，以此铭记先前被吴国打败的耻辱。 who 引导非限制性定语从句, 对 the King Goujian of Yue进行补充说明。 to remember...是动词不定式短语作目的状语。 参考译文： 卧薪尝胆”，即“睡在柴草上，品尝苦胆”，是一个中国成语，形容为了实现复仇或抱负而自我施加的艰苦磨难。它源自越王勾践的故事，勾践迫使自己每天睡在柴草上，舔食苦胆，以此铭记先前被吴国打败的耻辱。 春秋时期，吴国和越国是长江下游地区相互敌对的国家。夫差是吴王阖闾的儿子。公元前 495 年，在父亲因攻打越国而受伤去世后，他继承了王位。公元前494年，夫差击败了越国军队，迫使他们撤退到会稽山。夫差接受了被越国贿赂的太宰伯嚭的建议，与越国达成了一项对越国有利的和平协议。后来，越王勾践前往吴国宫廷侍奉夫差。他的勤恳努力赢得了吴王的信任，三年后，勾践被允许返回自己的国家。 公元前482年，夫差在黄池成功地向晋定公(晋国国君)发起挑战，争夺霸主之位。当他率领军队远在北方之时，勾践则努力提升自己的军队实力。据说，勾践一直以睡柴草，每天早晨尝一尝苦胆来缓解痛苦。十年来，他改善了越国的治理，同时亲自耕种田地，他的妻子则亲手纺线织布，以此激励他的百姓。据说，勾践还将越国美女西施送给夫差，使他无心国事。公元前473年，勾践的军队打败了吴国。夫差被迫自杀，吴国被越国吞并。 勾践的统治时期恰好处于春秋时期最后一场重大纷争阶段，在此期间，他最终带领越国取得了胜利。由于这一功绩，一些历史记载将勾践视为春秋时期“春秋五霸”中的最后一霸。 Passage 3 七选五阅读 主题语境：历史人物 语篇类型：记叙文 词数: 305 建议用时：7分钟 Yu the Great was a hero in ancient China, whose most remarkable accomplishment was taming the floods. 1 . He established the Xia Dynasty, which was considered the first hereditary dynasty in Chinese history. ( 难度： 扫码听音频 ) ( 词数: 305 ) ( 正确率: /5 ) ( 建议用时：7分钟 ) ( 语篇类型：记叙文 ) 2 . The situation became even worse while Shun was the leader. Under the command of Shun, Gun, the father of Yu, found out a way to tame the floods. Later, Yu was ordered to succeed his father to harness the floods. Yu figured out a way of digging channels to conduct the water into the sea. After thirteen years of fighting against the floods, he finally had them under control. After that, Yu the Great organized people to rebuild their shelters and develop agriculture by making full use of water and soil resources. He had his son teach people how to cultivate rice and other crops.In addition, fish, ducks, and geese were bred under the guidance of Yu the Great. He also directed the masses to dig ditches to lead the water flowing into the farmlands. 3 . What makes Yu the Great a legend is that just four days after his marriage, he left home to regions that were severely destroyed by floods to tame the water. He reached almost everywhere of the country during the battle against this natural disaster. 4 . His son was born during his absence, but he still did not come back. 5 . Yangcheng (present-day Dengfeng in Henan Province) was made the capital. The establishment of the Xia Dynasty opened up a new era in Chinese history, which symbolized the end of the primitive tribal alliance and the beginning of the class society. Yu the Great is admired not only for his unremitting endeavors to fight against natural disaster, but also for forgetting about his own interests to help other people. 根据短文内容，从下面的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A. He was also an excellent political leader B. That was the beginning of ancient agriculture C. Yu the Great established the Xia Dynasty around 2070 BC D. With his great help, people lived happy lives afterwards E. People were very grateful for his effort and made him the emperor F. In prehistoric times, people suffered a lot from floods of the Yellow River G. For thirteen years, he never entered his house though he passed by it three time 参考答案： 本文讲述了大禹治水，造福子孙的故事。大禹公而忘私的奉献精神、治理洪水的科学精神和以民为本的治国策略永远值得后世铭记和敬仰。 1. A上文提到大禹是古代中国的英雄，其最显著的成就是治水，后面又说他建立了夏朝。故A 项“他也是一位杰出的政治领袖”能衔接上下文。 2. F第二段主要介绍了大禹接替父亲鲧治水的情况，他用挖渠疏导的方式将洪水引入海中，控制了洪水。因此F项“在史前时期，人们饱受黄河洪水之苦”符合段落主题，能够引出下文关于洪水的情况以及大禹治水的描述。 3. D第三段介绍了大禹治水所采取的措施，人们在大禹的领导下，开沟渠、发展农业，人民因此而过上了幸福的生活，故D 项符合语境。 4. G上文提到在与这场自然灾害作斗争的过程中，大禹几乎走遍了国家的每一个地方；下文提到即使儿子出生了，大禹依然没有回家。故G项“十三年间，尽管他三次路过家门，却从未进去过”能够承接上文，进一步说明大禹为了治水舍小家为大家的精神。 5. C第五段提到夏朝的都城以及夏朝建立的历史意义，故C 项“大约在公元前2070年，大禹建立了夏朝”能引出下文，符合语境。 难句分析 ★ What makes Yu the Great a legend is that just four days after his marriage, he left home to regions that were severely destroyed by floods to tame the water.大禹之所以成为传奇人物，是因为就在他婚后仅仅四天，他就离开家，前往那些遭受洪水严重破坏的地区去治水。 what引导主语从句。第一个 that引导表语从句。第二个 that 引导定语从句, 修饰先行词 regions。 参考译文： 大禹是中国古代的一位英雄，他最为卓越的功绩是治理了洪水。他还是一位杰出的政治领袖。他建立了夏朝，而夏朝被认为是中国历史上的第一个世袭制王朝。 在史前时代，人们饱受黄河洪水之苦。当舜担任首领时，情况变得更加糟糕。在舜的命令下，禹的父亲鲧找到一个治理洪水的方法(，但失败了)。后来，禹被命令接替他的父亲去治理洪水。禹想出了一种挖掘渠道将水引入大海的方法。经过十三年与洪水的搏斗，他最终控制住了洪水。 在那之后，大禹组织民众重建住所，并通过充分利用水土资源来发展农业。他让自己的儿子教人们如何种植水稻和其他农作物。此外，在大禹的指导下，人们开始养殖鱼、鸭和鹅。他还指挥民众挖掘沟渠，将水引到农田里。在他的大力帮助下，此后人们过上了幸福的生活。 大禹之所以成为传奇人物，是因为就在他婚后仅仅四天，他就离开家，前往那些遭受洪水严重破坏的地区去治水。在与这场自然灾害作斗争的过程中，他几乎走遍了国家的每一个地方。十三年间，尽管他三次路过家门，却从未进去过。在他外出期间，他的儿子出生了，但他依然没有回家。 大约在公元前2070年，大禹建立了夏朝。阳城(现今河南省登封市)被定为都城。夏朝的建立开启了中国历史的新纪元，它标志着原始部落联盟的结束和阶级社会的开始。人们钦佩大禹，不仅是因为他为抗击自然灾害付出了不懈的努力，还因为他公而忘私的精神。 Passage 4完形填空 主题语境：人际关系 语篇类型：记叙文 词数: 263 建议用时：13分钟 During the Spring and Autumn Period, the King of Qi was the first Hegemon. He had two 1 assistants,Guan Zhong and Bao ShuYa. The two were good friends, who understood and 2 each other. Guan Zhong's family was very poor and he had to support his mother. Knowing this, Bao Shu Ya askedGuan Zhong to 3 business with him. When they started the business, Guan Zhong had no 4 , so BaoShu Ya took out almost all of the 5 . However, after the business made money, Guan Zhong got more than BaoShu Ya. The servant of Bao Shu Ya could not 6 it and complained. Bao Shu Ya explained with a 7 smile,“Guan Zhong's family is poor and he has to support his mother, so it's okay to take a little more.” * After Duke Huan of Qi (Xiao Bai) ascended the throne, he decided to 8 Bao Shu Ya the prime minister, but Bao Shu Ya 9 Guan Zhong, who once attempted to assassinate (行刺) Xiao Bai. Bao Shu Ya said, “You can’ t 10 him for that, he did it to help his 11 .” Xiao Bai listened to Bao Shu Ya and asked GuanZhong to come back as Chancellor, and Guan Zhong 12 helped Xiao Bai to govern Qi very well! Looking back on his experience, Guan Zhong said with great 13 , “My parents gave me life, but the 14 who truly understands me is Bao Shu Ya!” Later, when people 15 their friends for their deep friendship, they would say that they were“The friendship between Guan and Bao”. 1 A. hopeful B. careful C. powerful D. delightful 2 A. trusted B. respected C. considered D. agreed 3 A. take up B. invest in C. get through D. leave for 4 A. family B. idea C. interest D. money 5 A. destiny B. time C. capital D. confidence 6 A. believe B. stand C. explain D. understand 7 A. pleasant B. content C. considerate D. proud 8 A. name B. judge C. elect D. make 9 A. recognized B. recommended C. chose D. determined 10 A. mind B. disapprove C. punish D. blame 11 A. mother B. belief C. master D. career 12 A. normally B. properly C. really D. strongly 13 A. satisfaction B. emotion C. amusement D. strength 14 A. person B. minister C. merchant D. servant 15 A. praised B. valued C. took D. judged 参考答案： 本文讲述了鲍叔牙和管仲的故事。管鲍之间的友谊建立在相互理解、相互坦诚和相互信任的基础之上，尤其是鲍叔牙的无私大度浇灌出了一朵鲜艳的友情奇葩，成为中国文化中“知已交友”的典范。 1. C前文提到齐桓公是春秋时期的第一个霸主，故此处是指他有两个很有能力的助手。powerful 意为“强大的；有能力的”，符合语境。 2. A下文提到鲍叔牙对管仲及其家庭照顾有加，由此说明两人之间的友谊是建立在理解和信任之上。trust意为“信任”，符合语境。 3. B根据后文提到做生意的相关内容可知，鲍叔牙邀请管仲一起投资做生意。invest in 意为“投资”，符合语境。 4. D 根据 Guan Zhong's family was very poor可知, 管仲家里穷，所以开始做生意时他没有钱。money意为“钱”，符合语境。 5. C前文提到管仲没钱，故此处指鲍叔牙拿出了几乎所有的资金。capital 意为“资金；资本”，在这里指做生意的启动资金，符合语境。 6. B鲍叔牙的仆人看到赚钱后管仲拿的钱比鲍叔牙多，心里受不了就抱怨起来。stand意为“忍受”，符合语境。 7. A后面引号中的话展现出他对朋友的理解和大度，pleasant smile意为“和蔼的微笑”, 符合语境。 8. D根据语境可知，此处指小白继位后，决定让鲍叔牙做宰相。“make sb+职位”表示“让某人担任……职位”，是固定搭配。 9. B 此处指鲍叔牙推荐管仲做宰相。 recommend sb意为“推荐某人”。 10. D管仲曾行刺小白(管仲当时辅佐的是公子纠，他还是公子纠的老师)，但当时是各为其主，因此鲍叔牙劝齐桓公不要因为那件事而迁怒于管仲。blame sb for sth意为“因某事谴责某人”，是固定用法。 11. C此处指“他当时这么做是为了帮助他的主公(公子纠)”。 master 意为“主人;主公”, 符合语境。 12. C 根据 helped Xiao Bai to govern Qi very well可知,管仲确实帮助齐桓公把齐国治理得很好。really意为“确实；真正地”，用以加强语气，符合语境。 13. B 根据 My parents gave me life, but the... who truly understands me is Bao Shu Ya!可知, 管仲说“生我的是父母，知我的是鲍叔牙呀！”，这是管仲的肺腑之言, 充满了感情。 with great emotion意为“感慨万分地”，是固定搭配。 14. A 此处指管仲说真正理解他的人是鲍叔牙。person意为“人”，符合语境。 15. A根据语境可知，此处指当人们称赞朋友之间深厚的友谊时，就会说他们是“管鲍之交”。praise意为“称赞；表扬”，符合语境。 难句分析 ★ After Duke Huan of Qi (Xiao Bai) ascended the throne,he decided to make Bao Shu Ya the prime minister,but Bao Shu Ya recommended Guan Zhong, who once attempted to assassinate Xiao Bai.齐桓公(小白 )登上王位后，决定任命鲍叔牙为宰相，但鲍叔牙却举荐了曾试图行刺小白的管仲。 after引导时间状语从句。who 引导非限制性定语从句,对先行词 Guan Zhong进行补充说明。 参考译文： 春秋时期，齐国国君是第一位霸主。他有两位得力的辅佐大臣，管仲和鲍叔牙。这两人是挚友，彼此理解且信任。 管仲家境十分贫寒，需奉养自己的母亲。鲍叔牙了解到这一情况后，便邀请管仲和他一起投资做生意。在他们开始经商时，管仲没有资金，于是鲍叔牙几乎拿出了所有的钱。然而，在生意盈利之后，管仲分得的钱财比鲍叔牙还多。鲍叔牙的仆人对此看不下去，抱怨起来。鲍叔牙却面带和蔼的笑容说：“管仲家里贫穷，他还要奉养母亲，所以他多拿一点也没关系。” 齐桓公(小白)登上王位后，决定任命鲍叔牙为宰相，但鲍叔牙却举荐了曾试图刺杀小白的管仲。鲍叔牙说：“你不能因此怪罪他，他那么做是为了辅佐他的主公。”小白听取了鲍叔牙的建议，召回管仲担任宰相，而管仲也确实协助小白把齐国治理得非常好！ 回顾自己的经历，管仲感慨万分地说：“生我的是父母，可真正理解我的人是鲍叔牙啊！”后来，当人们称赞朋友之间深厚的友谊时，就会说他们是“管鲍之交”。 ( 扫码听音频 )Passage 5 语法填空 ( 建议用时：8分钟 )主题语境：名人介绍 语篇类型：说明文 词数: 263 建议用时：8分钟 ( 正确率: /10 ) 主题语境：民间传说 Yan Hui came from a poor family, 1 he possessed exceptional intelligence and learning abilities. 2 a young man, he developed a profound interest in the ethical philosophy and moral cultivation ofConfucianism and made a firm decision to follow the teachings of Confucius. * His sharp intellect and outstanding moral character caught the attention of Confucius, 3 held Yan Hui in high regard and regarded him as one of his favorite students. ( 语篇类型：说明文 ) ( 正确率: /10 ) ( 建议用时：8分钟 ) ( : 263 扫码听音频 ) Yan Hui upheld strict moral standards, with benevolence (仁慈) and compassion as core values, and 4 (strive) to practice these principles.He believed in treating others with kindness, respecting rituals, and pursuing the noble qualities of morality. Continuously 5 (reflect) on himself, he endeavored to improve his conduct and character,aspiring to become a 6 (good) person. Confucius considered Yan Hui as a capable inheritor(继承者) of his teachings and provided him with special guidance and education, enabling his 7 (think)to reach deeper levels of development. However, Yan Hui’ s life was 8 (tragic) short-lived. Due to his frail health, he passed away at a young age, leaving Confucius deeply saddened and longing for Yan Hui’ s moral character and scholarly talent. Although Yan Hui's life was brief, his academic achievements and moral qualities are forever remembered and revered by people. Yan Hui, 9 (take) as an example, made great dedication and contributions playing a crucial part in building a harmonious society and fostering outstanding individuals. 10 thoughts and spirit of Yan Hui will continue to influence people's values and behavioral standards, shining eternally(永恒地) in the inheritance of Chinese culture. 阅读短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 参考答案： 本文讲述了孔子的弟子颜回的生平，赞美了颜回的贤者之风。颜回的贤表现在他的安贫乐道、尊敬师长、勤奋好学和坚定支持儒家思想等方面。这些品质使他成为孔子最为欣赏的弟子之一。 1. but 考查连词。 Yan Hui came from a poor family和 he possessed exceptional intelligence and learning abilities之间是转折关系，故填 but。 2. As 考查介词。 As a young man表示“作为一个年轻人”，as在这里引导一个介词短语作状语。 3. who考查定语从句。引导非限制性定语从句，对Confucius进行补充说明，且在从句中作主语，故填who。 4. strove 考查时态。与 upheld 作并列谓语, 故 strive也用其过去式 strove。 5. reflecting 考查非谓语动词。句子的谓语动词是endeavored, reflect处于非谓语的位置,且 he与 reflect之间是主动关系，因此 reflect用现在分词形式，作伴随状语。 6. better 考查形容词。根据… improve his conduct and character可知，颜回改善自己的行为和性格，是为了努力使自己成为更好的人。故good用其比较级形式better。 7. thought 考查名词。形容词性物主代词 his 后面接名词。 think 的名词形式为 thought, 此处指“思想”,是不可数名词。 8. tragically 考查副词。 short-lived为动词(过去分词), 应用副词修饰, 故填 tragically。 9. taken 考查非谓语动词。 Yan Hui与 take之间是被动关系, taken as an example 表示“被作为一个榜样”。 10. The 考查冠词。此处特指颜回的思想和精神，因此用定冠词 the。 难句分析 ★ His sharp intellect and outstanding moral character caught the attention of Confucius, who held Yan Huiin high regard and regarded him as one of his favorite students.他敏锐的才思和卓越的道德品质引起了孔子的注意，孔子对颜回极为器重，把他视为自己最喜爱的学生之一。 who 引导非限制性定语从句，对 Confucius进行补充说明。 hold sb in high regard 意为“重视某人”。 参考译文： 颜回出身于一个贫寒的家庭，但他拥有非凡的智慧和学习能力。年轻时，他就对儒家的伦理哲学和道德修养产生了浓厚的兴趣，并坚定地决定遵循孔子的教诲。他敏锐的才思和卓越的道德品质引起了孔子的注意，孔子对颜回极为器重，把他视为自己最喜爱的学生之一。 颜回秉持着严格的道德准则，以仁爱和慈悲为核心价值观，并努力践行这些原则。他坚信要以友善之心对待他人，尊崇礼仪，并追求高尚的道德品质。他不断地进行自我反思，努力改进自己的行为和品格，立志成为一个更优秀的人。孔子认为颜回是自己学说的一位有能力的继承者，于是给予他特别的指导和教诲，使颜回的思想得到了更深层次的发展。 然而，颜回的生命却不幸短暂。由于身体孱弱，他英年早逝，这让孔子深感悲痛，孔子也常常怀念颜回的品德和才学。 颜回的一生虽然短暂，但他的学术成就和道德品质却永远为人们所铭记和敬仰。他的奉献和贡献为后人树立了榜样，对构建和谐社会和培养优秀人才起着至关重要的作用。颜回的思想和精神将继续影响着人们的价值观和行为准则，在中华文化的传承中永远熠熠生辉。 考点积累 Passage 1 阅读理解A 单词短语 ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1 prominent adj. 显著的; 著名的 2 tumultuous adj. 动荡的 3 imperial adj.皇帝的; 帝国的 4 recruit v.征召 5 imprisonment n.监禁; 关押 6 illuminate v. 照亮 经典句式 These words have inspired countless individuals who, like Wen Tianxiang, strive for their ideals and principles. (who 引导定语从句, 修饰先行词 individuals) Passage 2 阅读理解B 单词短语 1 firewood n.柴火 2 withdraw v. 撤退 3 reign n.(君主)统治时期; 在位时期 4 governance n.统治 5 annex v.吞并 6 vengeance n.报仇; 复仇 经典句式 1 He became king in 495 BC, following the death of his father from injuries sustained during an invasion of Yue. (现在分词短语作时间状语；过去分词短语作定语) 2 It was said that Goujian had been nursing his bitterness by sleeping on firewood and by tasting gall each morning. (it为形式主语； that引导主语从句) Passage 3 七选五阅读 单词短语 1 hereditary adj.世袭的 2 harness v.治理; 疏导 3 ditch n.沟渠 4 tribal adj.部落的 5 unremitting adj. 不懈的; 持之以恒的 经典句式 Yu the Great was a hero in ancient China, whose most remarkable accomplishment was taming the floods. (whose 引导非限制性定语从句，对 hero进行补充说明) Passage 4 完形填空 单词短语 1 hegemon n.霸主 2 assassinate v.暗杀; 行刺 3 recommend v.推荐 4 govern v.治理; 统治 5 capital n.资金; 本金 经典句式 1 My parents gave me life, but the person who truly understands me is Bao Shu Ya! (who 引导定语从句, 修饰先行词 person) 2 Later, when people praised their friends for their deep friendship, they would say that they were“The friendship between Guan and Bao”. ( when 引导时间状语从句; that 引导宾语从句 ) Passage 5 语法填空 单词短语 1 exceptional adj. 卓越的; 杰出的 2 ethical adj.道德的 3 uphold v. 支持; 维护 4 ritual n.礼仪 5 endeavor v.努力; 尝试 经典句式 1 Due to his frail health, he passed away at a young age, leaving Confucius deeply saddened and longing for Yan Hui's moral character and scholarly talent. (现在分词短语作结果状语) 2 Although Yan Hui's life was brief, his academic achievements and moral qualities are forever remembered and revered by people. (although引导让步状语从句) 语料积累 话题高频词汇 1 upright adj.正直的; 诚实的 2 courageous adj.勇敢的; 无畏的 3 strong-minded adj.有主见的; 坚持己见的 4 self-disciplined adj.能律己的 5 honesty n.诚实 6 trustworthy adj.值得信任的; 可信赖的 7 respectful adj.表示敬意的; 尊敬的 8 hospitable adj.好客的; 热情友好的 9 generous adj.慷慨的; 大方的 10 modesty n.谦虚; 谦逊 11. loyalty n.忠诚; 忠实 12 patriotic adj.爱国的 13 perseverance n.毅力; 韧性 14 moral adj.道德的; 品行端正的 15 resilient adj.坚韧的; 有适应力的 16 diligent adj. 勤奋的; 勤勉的 17 thrifty adj.节俭的; 节约的 18 considerate adj.体贴的; 考虑周到的 19 enthusiastic adj.热情的; 热心的 20 filial piety 孝道 21 keep one’ s word遵守承诺 ( 第 1 页 共 12 页 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 话题重点句、亮点句 1 During his two years at the boys' school, Zhan Tianyou embraced as many opportunities as he could to learn about this new world.【人教版选择性必修二 Unit 2】在男校求学的两年时间里,詹天佑抓住一切可能的机会去了解这个全新的世界。 2 We are not well-off, but it is not an excuse for failing to carry out filial duties. We should set a good example for our children and pass down our traditional beliefs to the next generation.【冀教版必修三 Unit 1】我们并不富裕，但这不是不尽孝道的借口。我们应该为孩子们树立一个好榜样，将我们的传统观念传承给下一代。 3 Also, as the great educator Confucius stated, “When you know a thing, to recognize that you know it; and when you do not know a thing, to recognize that you do not know it—— that is wisdom.”【译林版必修四 Unit 4】此外，正如伟大的教育家孔子所说：“知之为知之，不知为不知，是知也。” 4 Yu the Great is admired not only for his unremitting endeavors to fight against natural disasters, but also for forgetting about his own interests to help other people.大禹备受敬仰, 不仅是因为他坚持不懈地努力抗击自然灾害，还因为他舍己为人。 5 He stressed self-cultivation, respect for elders, and the pursuit of knowledge, which serves as a guiding light in our fast-paced and interconnected world.【2023全国甲卷】他强调自我修养、对长辈的尊重以及对知识的追求，而这些在我们这个快节奏且相互关联的世界里犹如一盏指引方向的明灯。 6 The only opportunity she could seize to study was when her brother was having a Chinese lesson with the family tutor. She would sit quietly at the far end of the long dinner table, listening closely.【2024全国甲卷】她唯一能抓住的学习机会，就是趁哥哥跟着家庭教师上中文课的时候。她会安静地坐在长餐桌的另一头，聚精会神地听着。 $用英语讲述中国传统文化之传统文化阅读 传统美德 Passage 1阅读理解 A 主题语境：爱国将士 语篇类型：记叙文 词数: 335 建议用时：8分钟 Wen Tianxiang was a prominent figure in the tumultuous (动荡的) final years of the Southern Song Dynasty. Born in Luling County, Jiangnan West Road(present-day Qingyuan District, Ji’ an City, Jiangxi Province), he is remembered as a statesman, literary figure, and national hero. In 1256, at the age of 21, Wen Tianxiang achieved the highest honor by becoming the Zhuangyuan (状元)in the palace examination. In 1275, the Yuan Dynasty launched a massive invasion of the Southern Song territories. * Devoting his personal wealth to the cause,Wen Tianxiang recruited soldiers to defend the kingdom,for which he was appointed as the military commander for Zhexi and Jiangdong, with additional responsibilities as the administrator of Pingjiang Prefecture. Later, he was promoted to the position of Prime Minister and simultaneously(同时) appointed as the Military Strategist. From 1276 to 1277, Wen Tianxiang launched campaigns in Jiangxi but suffered defeats, retreating to Guangdong. In 1278, after Zhao Bing's enthronement(登基) as the last Southern Song emperor, Wen was appointed as Duke of Xingguo and Grand Guardian.That December, he was captured at Wupoling (modern Haifeng, Guangdong) and transported to Dadu (Beijing),enduring over four years of imprisonment. Despite facing threats and temptations, Wen Tianxiang remained resolute and refused to yield to his captors. On January 9, 1283, Wen Tianxiang died with dignity,steadfast to his principles. In 1371, the Hongwu Emperor of Ming posthumously honored him with the title Zhonglie(忠烈), recognizing his loyalty and heroism. Wen Tianxiang's literary contributions are equally significant. His earlier works display a sense of righteous indignation (义愤), while his poetry took on a more robust and unrestrained style during the Deyou era. His famous lines from Passing the Lingding Ocean resonate powerfully:“Life has seen deaths since ancient times; let's leave behind a loyal heart to illuminate history.” These words have inspired countless individuals who, like Wen Tianxiang, strive for their ideals and principles. 1 What could be the proof that Wen Tianxiang was a national hero? A. Winning the top academic honor of Zhuangyuan. B. Serving as the top official of Pingjiang Prefecture. C. Recruiting soldiers to drive out invaders. D. Working with full devotion as the Prime Minister. 2 What does the underlined word“yield”mean in the third paragraph? A. Supply sth. for. B. Give way to. C. Produce profit. D. Bend or break. 3 What was the likely purpose of the Ming Dynasty to grant the honorary title to Wen Tianxiang? A. To call its soldiers to fight hard to defend the kingdom. B. To set an example of determination for later generations. C. To show respect to Wen Tianxiang’ s contributions. D. To admire Wen Tianxiang’ s tough endurance in prison. 4Where can you most probably read this text? A. Dynasties in Chinese History. B. Chinese Ancient Poetry Selections. C. Principles of Scholars in Ancient China. D. Chinese Historical Figures. Passage 2 阅读理解B 主题语境：历史故事 语篇类型：记叙文 词数:340 建议用时：8分钟 Woxin Changdan, or“sleeping on firewood and tasting gall” is a Chinese idiom describing self-imposed hardship to achieve vengeance or ambition. * It is derived from the story of the King Goujian of Yue,who forced himself to sleep on firewood and lick a gall bladder every day to remember the humiliation of his previous defeat by the State of Wu. Wu and Yue were rival states in the lower Yangtze region during the Spring and Autumn Period. Fuchai was the son of King Helü of Wu. He became king in 495 BC,following the death of his father from injuries sustained during an invasion of Yue. In 494 BC, Fuchai defeated the Yue army and forced them to withdraw to Mount Kuaiji. Fuchai accepted the advice of Chancellor Bo Pi, who was bribed by Yue, and made a favorable peace with Yue.Later, Goujian went to the Wu court to serve Fuchai. His hard work earned him the king's trust, and Goujian was permitted to return to his kingdom after three years. In 482 BC, Fuchai successfully challenged the Duke of Jin for the status of hegemon (霸主) in Huangchi.While he was away in the north with his army, Goujian tried to improve his own army. It was said that Goujian had been nursing his bitterness by sleeping on firewood and by tasting gall each morning. For ten years, he improved his realm's governance, while personally inspiring his people by working his own fields as his wife made thread and wove by hand. It is said that Goujian also distracted Fuchai from state affairs by sending him the Yue beauty Xi Shi. In 473 BC, Goujian's forces defeated Wu. Fuchai was forced to commit suicide and Wu was annexed by Yue. Goujian's reign coincided with the last major conflict of the Spring and Autumn period, during which he ultimately led Yue to victory. Due to this achievement,some historical accounts consider Goujian the last of the Five Hegemons(五霸) of the Spring and Autumn Period. 1 Why did Goujian sleep on firewood and taste gall every day? A. To keep up his ambition to be a hegemon. B. To experience the hard life of the poor people. C. To remind himself of the previous defeat. D. To encourage his soldiers to conquer Wu. 2 Which of the following contributed most to Goujian's victory over Wu? A. A stronger army. B. Long-term strategy and patience. C. Personal ambition. D. Unyielding determination. 3 What can we conclude from the proverb“sleeping on firewood and tasting gall”? A. Constant dripping wears a stone. B. It is never too late to learn. C. Where there is a will there is a way. D. Simple life makes one excellent. 4 What can be the best title of the passage? A. Hegemons of the Spring and Autumn Period. B. The Story Behind Woxin Changdan. C. Goujian’ s Strategies to Win over the State of Wu. D. Wars and Conflicts Between States of Wu and Yue. Passage 3 七选五阅读 主题语境：历史人物 语篇类型：记叙文 词数: 305 建议用时：7分钟 Yu the Great was a hero in ancient China, whose most remarkable accomplishment was taming the floods. 1 . He established the Xia Dynasty, which was considered the first hereditary dynasty in Chinese history. ( 难度： 扫码听音频 ) ( 词数: 305 ) ( 正确率: /5 ) ( 建议用时：7分钟 ) ( 语篇类型：记叙文 ) 2 . The situation became even worse while Shun was the leader. Under the command of Shun, Gun, the father of Yu, found out a way to tame the floods. Later, Yu was ordered to succeed his father to harness the floods. Yu figured out a way of digging channels to conduct the water into the sea. After thirteen years of fighting against the floods, he finally had them under control. After that, Yu the Great organized people to rebuild their shelters and develop agriculture by making full use of water and soil resources. He had his son teach people how to cultivate rice and other crops.In addition, fish, ducks, and geese were bred under the guidance of Yu the Great. He also directed the masses to dig ditches to lead the water flowing into the farmlands. 3 . What makes Yu the Great a legend is that just four days after his marriage, he left home to regions that were severely destroyed by floods to tame the water. He reached almost everywhere of the country during the battle against this natural disaster. 4 . His son was born during his absence, but he still did not come back. 5 . Yangcheng (present-day Dengfeng in Henan Province) was made the capital. The establishment of the Xia Dynasty opened up a new era in Chinese history, which symbolized the end of the primitive tribal alliance and the beginning of the class society. Yu the Great is admired not only for his unremitting endeavors to fight against natural disaster, but also for forgetting about his own interests to help other people. 根据短文内容，从下面的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A. He was also an excellent political leader B. That was the beginning of ancient agriculture C. Yu the Great established the Xia Dynasty around 2070 BC D. With his great help, people lived happy lives afterwards E. People were very grateful for his effort and made him the emperor F. In prehistoric times, people suffered a lot from floods of the Yellow River G. For thirteen years, he never entered his house though he passed by it three time Passage 4完形填空 主题语境：人际关系 语篇类型：记叙文 词数: 263 建议用时：13分钟 During the Spring and Autumn Period, the King of Qi was the first Hegemon. He had two 1 assistants,Guan Zhong and Bao ShuYa. The two were good friends, who understood and 2 each other. Guan Zhong's family was very poor and he had to support his mother. Knowing this, Bao Shu Ya askedGuan Zhong to 3 business with him. When they started the business, Guan Zhong had no 4 , so BaoShu Ya took out almost all of the 5 . However, after the business made money, Guan Zhong got more than BaoShu Ya. The servant of Bao Shu Ya could not 6 it and complained. Bao Shu Ya explained with a 7 smile,“Guan Zhong's family is poor and he has to support his mother, so it's okay to take a little more.” * After Duke Huan of Qi (Xiao Bai) ascended the throne, he decided to 8 Bao Shu Ya the prime minister, but Bao Shu Ya 9 Guan Zhong, who once attempted to assassinate (行刺) Xiao Bai. Bao Shu Ya said, “You can’ t 10 him for that, he did it to help his 11 .” Xiao Bai listened to Bao Shu Ya and asked GuanZhong to come back as Chancellor, and Guan Zhong 12 helped Xiao Bai to govern Qi very well! Looking back on his experience, Guan Zhong said with great 13 , “My parents gave me life, but the 14 who truly understands me is Bao Shu Ya!” Later, when people 15 their friends for their deep friendship, they would say that they were“The friendship between Guan and Bao”. 1 A. hopeful B. careful C. powerful D. delightful 2 A. trusted B. respected C. considered D. agreed 3 A. take up B. invest in C. get through D. leave for 4 A. family B. idea C. interest D. money 5 A. destiny B. time C. capital D. confidence 6 A. believe B. stand C. explain D. understand 7 A. pleasant B. content C. considerate D. proud 8 A. name B. judge C. elect D. make 9 A. recognized B. recommended C. chose D. determined 10 A. mind B. disapprove C. punish D. blame 11 A. mother B. belief C. master D. career 12 A. normally B. properly C. really D. strongly 13 A. satisfaction B. emotion C. amusement D. strength 14 A. person B. minister C. merchant D. servant 15 A. praised B. valued C. took D. judged ( 扫码听音频 )Passage 5 语法填空 ( 建议用时：8分钟 )主题语境：名人介绍 语篇类型：说明文 词数: 263 建议用时：8分钟 ( 正确率: /10 ) 主题语境：民间传说 Yan Hui came from a poor family, 1 he possessed exceptional intelligence and learning abilities. 2 a young man, he developed a profound interest in the ethical philosophy and moral cultivation ofConfucianism and made a firm decision to follow the teachings of Confucius. * His sharp intellect and outstanding moral character caught the attention of Confucius, 3 held Yan Hui in high regard and regarded him as one of his favorite students. ( 语篇类型：说明文 ) ( 正确率: /10 ) ( 建议用时：8分钟 ) ( : 263 扫码听音频 ) Yan Hui upheld strict moral standards, with benevolence (仁慈) and compassion as core values, and 4 (strive) to practice these principles.He believed in treating others with kindness, respecting rituals, and pursuing the noble qualities of morality. Continuously 5 (reflect) on himself, he endeavored to improve his conduct and character,aspiring to become a 6 (good) person. Confucius considered Yan Hui as a capable inheritor(继承者) of his teachings and provided him with special guidance and education, enabling his 7 (think)to reach deeper levels of development. However, Yan Hui’ s life was 8 (tragic) short-lived. Due to his frail health, he passed away at a young age, leaving Confucius deeply saddened and longing for Yan Hui’ s moral character and scholarly talent. Although Yan Hui's life was brief, his academic achievements and moral qualities are forever remembered and revered by people. Yan Hui, 9 (take) as an example, made great dedication and contributions playing a crucial part in building a harmonious society and fostering outstanding individuals. 10 thoughts and spirit of Yan Hui will continue to influence people's values and behavioral standards, shining eternally(永恒地) in the inheritance of Chinese culture. 阅读短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 考点积累 Passage 1 阅读理解A 单词短语 ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1 prominent adj. 显著的; 著名的 2 tumultuous adj. 动荡的 3 imperial adj.皇帝的; 帝国的 4 recruit v.征召 5 imprisonment n.监禁; 关押 6 illuminate v. 照亮 经典句式 These words have inspired countless individuals who, like Wen Tianxiang, strive for their ideals and principles. (who 引导定语从句, 修饰先行词 individuals) Passage 2 阅读理解B 单词短语 1 firewood n.柴火 2 withdraw v. 撤退 3 reign n.(君主)统治时期; 在位时期 4 governance n.统治 5 annex v.吞并 6 vengeance n.报仇; 复仇 经典句式 1 He became king in 495 BC, following the death of his father from injuries sustained during an invasion of Yue. (现在分词短语作时间状语；过去分词短语作定语) 2 It was said that Goujian had been nursing his bitterness by sleeping on firewood and by tasting gall each morning. (it为形式主语； that引导主语从句) Passage 3 七选五阅读 单词短语 1 hereditary adj.世袭的 2 harness v.治理; 疏导 3 ditch n.沟渠 4 tribal adj.部落的 5 unremitting adj. 不懈的; 持之以恒的 经典句式 Yu the Great was a hero in ancient China, whose most remarkable accomplishment was taming the floods. (whose 引导非限制性定语从句，对 hero进行补充说明) Passage 4 完形填空 单词短语 1 hegemon n.霸主 2 assassinate v.暗杀; 行刺 3 recommend v.推荐 4 govern v.治理; 统治 5 capital n.资金; 本金 经典句式 1 My parents gave me life, but the person who truly understands me is Bao Shu Ya! (who 引导定语从句, 修饰先行词 person) 2 Later, when people praised their friends for their deep friendship, they would say that they were“The friendship between Guan and Bao”. ( when 引导时间状语从句; that 引导宾语从句 ) Passage 5 语法填空 单词短语 1 exceptional adj. 卓越的; 杰出的 2 ethical adj.道德的 3 uphold v. 支持; 维护 4 ritual n.礼仪 5 endeavor v.努力; 尝试 经典句式 1 Due to his frail health, he passed away at a young age, leaving Confucius deeply saddened and longing for Yan Hui's moral character and scholarly talent. (现在分词短语作结果状语) 2 Although Yan Hui's life was brief, his academic achievements and moral qualities are forever remembered and revered by people. (although引导让步状语从句) 语料积累 话题高频词汇 1 upright adj.正直的; 诚实的 2 courageous adj.勇敢的; 无畏的 3 strong-minded adj.有主见的; 坚持己见的 4 self-disciplined adj.能律己的 5 honesty n.诚实 6 trustworthy adj.值得信任的; 可信赖的 7 respectful adj.表示敬意的; 尊敬的 8 hospitable adj.好客的; 热情友好的 9 generous adj.慷慨的; 大方的 10 modesty n.谦虚; 谦逊 11. loyalty n.忠诚; 忠实 12 patriotic adj.爱国的 13 perseverance n.毅力; 韧性 14 moral adj.道德的; 品行端正的 15 resilient adj.坚韧的; 有适应力的 16 diligent adj. 勤奋的; 勤勉的 17 thrifty adj.节俭的; 节约的 18 considerate adj.体贴的; 考虑周到的 19 enthusiastic adj.热情的; 热心的 20 filial piety 孝道 21 keep one’ s word遵守承诺 ( 第 1 页 共 12 页 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 话题重点句、亮点句 1 During his two years at the boys' school, Zhan Tianyou embraced as many opportunities as he could to learn about this new world.【人教版选择性必修二 Unit 2】在男校求学的两年时间里,詹天佑抓住一切可能的机会去了解这个全新的世界。 2 We are not well-off, but it is not an excuse for failing to carry out filial duties. We should set a good example for our children and pass down our traditional beliefs to the next generation.【冀教版必修三 Unit 1】我们并不富裕，但这不是不尽孝道的借口。我们应该为孩子们树立一个好榜样，将我们的传统观念传承给下一代。 3 Also, as the great educator Confucius stated, “When you know a thing, to recognize that you know it; and when you do not know a thing, to recognize that you do not know it—— that is wisdom.”【译林版必修四 Unit 4】此外，正如伟大的教育家孔子所说：“知之为知之，不知为不知，是知也。” 4 Yu the Great is admired not only for his unremitting endeavors to fight against natural disasters, but also for forgetting about his own interests to help other people.大禹备受敬仰, 不仅是因为他坚持不懈地努力抗击自然灾害，还因为他舍己为人。 5 He stressed self-cultivation, respect for elders, and the pursuit of knowledge, which serves as a guiding light in our fast-paced and interconnected world.【2023全国甲卷】他强调自我修养、对长辈的尊重以及对知识的追求，而这些在我们这个快节奏且相互关联的世界里犹如一盏指引方向的明灯。 6 The only opportunity she could seize to study was when her brother was having a Chinese lesson with the family tutor. She would sit quietly at the far end of the long dinner table, listening closely.【2024全国甲卷】她唯一能抓住的学习机会，就是趁哥哥跟着家庭教师上中文课的时候。她会安静地坐在长餐桌的另一头，聚精会神地听着。 $