Unit 5 Play by the rules 单元重点词汇精练80题- 2025-2026学年外研版八年级上册英语

外研版八年级上册英语Unit 5 Play by the rules 单元重点词汇精练（80题）（含解析） 一、根据句意及汉语提示填写适当的单词 1．The books on the shelf are ________ ________ ________ (井井有条). You can borrow any you like. 2．The teacher ________ (提到过) that we would have a test about school rules next week. 3．The little girl offered her ________ (座位) to an old man on the bus—she is very polite. 4．My grandmother is ill. I have to ________ ________ ________ (照顾她) at home today. 5．My family ________ (点) three dishes and a bowl of soup in the restaurant last night. 6．________ ________ ________ (为了) get good grades, we need to study hard every day. 7．When I ________ ________ (转身), I saw my best friend standing behind me. 8．There are too many ________ (乘客) on the bus, so I have to stand all the way. 9．We can’t finish this project ________ (没有) your help. You are so important to us. 10．The teacher ________ (提到) your name in class because you did well in the English test. 11．The driver’s careless behaviour ________ ________ (导致) a serious traffic accident last week. 12．It’s our duty to ________ ________ ________ (对……负责) the environment—we should plant more trees. 13．The teacher told us to ________ ________ ________ ________ (深呼吸) when we feel nervous before exams. 14．Careless driving is one of the main ________ (原因) of traffic accidents. 15．Parents always worry about their children’s ________ (行为) at school. 16．When you feel nervous, take a deep ________ (呼吸) and you’ll feel better soon. 17．We need to arrive 10 minutes early ________ ________ ________ (确保) we don’t miss the start of the exam. 18．The new law is made ________ ________ ________ (阻止人们) from cutting down too many trees. 19．It’s polite to ________ (尊重) the elderly, like giving them seats on the bus. 20．We should do more to ________ (传播) Chinese culture to people around the world. 21．Please ________ (限制) your screen time to one hour a day, or your eyes will get tired. 22．You can’t ________ (冒险) with your safety just to save a little time. 23．This is my ________ (个人的) notebook, so no one else is allowed to read it. 24．They used to be good friends, but now they become ________ (敌人) because of a misunderstanding. 25．Every good ________ (公民) should follow public rules to keep society in order. 二、根据句意及括号所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．You’d better avoid ________ (talk) to strangers when you are alone in the park. 2．The river near my home is very dirty and ________ (smell). We should ask the government to solve it. 3．Tom ________ (kick) the ball into the goal at the last minute, and his team won the game. 4．It’s important for us ________ (reduce) plastic use to protect the environment. 5．The students often make too much ________ (noisy) when the teacher is not in the classroom. 6．The surface of the lake ________ (cover) with ice last night because the temperature dropped a lot. 7．By the end of this month, our class ________ (discuss) the topic “Family Rules” twice. 8．He is very ________. He is looking at the blackboard ________. But his brother is ________ because he often makes mistakes. (care) 9．The dumpling house next to the post office has friendly ________ (serve). 10．The mother did everything she could _______ her kids. （protect） 11．We should encourage the __________ (develop) of small companies (公司). 12．The heavy rain ________ (cause) many problems last week. 13．I don't have _________ (something)to do this afternoon. 14．—Can you tell me Tom’s and Maria’s email ________ (address)? I have some pictures to send to them. —Sure. Wait a moment, please! 15．You can see some ________（sign）along the road. 16．She tried all the ways she could ________ (save) him from danger. 17．Please ________(trust)your kid; he is a good boy. 18．Have they got their ________ (passport)? 19．Some kids often go on the Internet __________ (search) information. 20．________ (click) on the icon, you need to use the mouse. 三、根据句意及首字母提示填写适当的单词。 1．My deskmate took a m________ for me when I was absent from class this morning. 2．It takes about ten minutes to walk to the subway s________. 3．Fasten your seat b________. Our plane is landing soon. 4．The s________ reminds people that smoking is not allowed on the train. 5．He was too busy to pick a gift for his mother. So he went to the birthday party with a red p________. 6．We should try our best to p________ the animals and plants. 7．Our aim is to make people a________ of the importance of animal protection. 8．Tell me your a________, please. I want to send you some local specials. 9．The old man likes reading books very much. He owns two p________ libraries. 10．The most u________ thing in a fire is to make sure everyone is out of the building. 11．Heart disease remains the most common c________ of death globally. 12．It’s known to all that lying to others is to c________ yourself. Never do it. 13．My English is not so good, so I want to study harder to i________ it. 14．You’d better a_________ eating too much junk food. It is bad for your health. 15．What a m________! Could you please clean and tidy your room? 16．All of us went for a picnic e_______ Tom because he was ill. 17．We should try our best to o_______ the difficulties in our study. 18．The company will buy a new system to c________ the gates with the computer. 19．If you are lazy in spring, you will harvest (收获) n________ in autumn. 20．—Maria, you have made such great progress in English. —Thanks, Ms. Chen. I can’t make it w________ your help. 四、根据句意及音标提示填写适当的单词。 1．The post office is ________ /ˈɒpəzɪt/ the supermarket. You can walk there in five minutes. 2．Don’t be a ________ /fuːl/—it’s dangerous to swim in the river alone. 3．All the books in the library are in good ________ /ˈɔːdə/—we can find them easily. 4．A car ________ /ˈsʌdənli/ stopped in front of me, and I almost hit it. 5．You should ________ /rɪˈplaɪ/ to the teacher’s email before this Friday, or you’ll miss the chance. 6．The little girl felt ________/ʌnˈhæpi/ because her best friend didn’t come to her birthday party. 7．On that cold day, I saw no light and heard no sound ________ /ɪkˈsept/ the wind far away. 8．Can you tell me their telephone numbers and e-mail ________ ([ə’dres]) 9．Ms. Lin can't speak now. She has a sore ________ /θrəʊt/. 10．Don't play on the ________ /'reɪlweɪ/. It's dangerous. 11．This sign means: We mustn't leave rubbish here. It's a ________ sign. ['wɔ:nɪŋ] 12．Peter, you are old enough to learn some ________ /ˈbeɪsɪk/ life skills. 13．Doing chores can ________ /dɪˈveləp/ children’s independence. 14．What ________/ kɔːzd/ him to change his mind? 15．It’s a sunny day today and it is a good time to go on a _______ [ˈpɪknɪk] outside. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 外研版（2024）八年级上册英语Unit 5 Play by the rules单元重点词汇精练答案解析 一、根据句意及汉语提示填写适当的单词（每题2分，共50分） 1. 答案：in good order 解析：“井井有条”对应固定短语“in good order”，强调物品摆放整齐有序，符合“书架上的书”的语境。 2. 答案：mentioned 解析：“提到过”译为“mention”，结合语境“老师提到下周有测试”，动作已发生，用一般过去时“mentioned”。 3. 答案：seat 解析：“座位”译为“seat”，前面有形容词性物主代词“her”，用单数形式，符合“小女孩给老人让座”的语境。 4. 答案：take care of her 解析：“照顾某人”译为“take care of sb.”，“have to”后接动词原形，“她”用宾格“her”，故填“take care of her”。 5. 答案：ordered 解析：“点（菜）”译为“order”，根据时间状语“last night”，用一般过去时“ordered”，符合“在餐厅点菜”的语境。 6. 答案：In order to 解析：“为了”表目的，译为“In order to”，后接动词原形，句首首字母大写，符合“为取得好成绩而努力学习”的逻辑。 7. 答案：turned around 解析：“转身”译为“turn around”，根据后文“saw”，用一般过去时“turned around”。 8. 答案：passengers 解析：“乘客”译为“passenger”，“too many”后接可数名词复数，故填“passengers”。 9. 答案：without 解析：“没有”译为“without”，为介词，后接名词“your help”，符合“没有你的帮助无法完成项目”的语境。 10. 答案：mentioned 解析：“提到”译为“mention”，结合“你英语考得好”，动作已发生，用一般过去时“mentioned”。 11. 答案：led to 解析：“导致”译为“lead to”，根据时间状语“last week”，用一般过去时“led to”，符合“粗心驾驶导致事故”的语境。 12. 答案：be responsible for 解析：“对……负责”译为“be responsible for”，“It’s one’s duty to do sth.”中“to”后接动词原形，故填“be responsible for”。 13. 答案：take a deep breath 解析：“深呼吸”译为“take a deep breath”，“tell sb. to do sth.”中“to”后接动词原形，故填“take a deep breath”。 14. 答案：causes 解析：“原因”译为“cause”，“one of the main+可数名词复数”表示“主要原因之一”，故填“causes”。 15. 答案：behavior 解析：“行为”译为“behavior”，为不可数名词，符合“父母担心孩子在学校的行为”的语境。 16. 答案：breath 解析：“呼吸”译为“breath”，“take a deep breath”为固定短语，故填“breath”。 17. 答案：to make sure 解析：“确保”译为“make sure”，此处用不定式表目的，故填“to make sure”，符合“提前到达确保不迟到”的逻辑。 18. 答案：to stop people 解析：“阻止人们”译为“stop people”，“be made to do sth.”（被用来做某事），故填“to stop people”。 19. 答案：respect 解析：“尊重”译为“respect”，“It’s polite to do sth.”中“to”后接动词原形，故填“respect”。 20. 答案：spread 解析：“传播”译为“spread”，“do more to do sth.”中“to”后接动词原形，故填“spread”。 21. 答案：limit 解析：“限制”译为“limit”，本句为祈使句，用动词原形，故填“limit”。 22. 答案：risk 解析：“冒险”译为“risk”，“can’t”后接动词原形，“risk with sth.”为固定搭配，故填“risk”。 23. 答案：personal 解析：“个人的”译为“personal”，修饰名词“notebook”，符合“个人笔记本不允许他人阅读”的语境。 24. 答案：enemies 解析：“敌人”译为“enemy”，主语“they”为复数，故填“enemies”。 25. 答案：citizen 解析：“公民”译为“citizen”，前面有不定冠词“a”，用单数形式，符合“好公民应遵守公共规则”的语境。 二、根据句意及括号所给单词的适当形式填空（每题2分，共40分） 1. 答案：talking 解析：“avoid doing sth.”（避免做某事）为固定搭配，“talk”的动名词为“talking”。 2. 答案：smelly 解析：结合“dirty”（脏的），此处需形容词“smelly”（难闻的），与“dirty”并列描述河流状态。 3. 答案：kicked 解析：根据“at the last minute”和“won”，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时“kicked”。 4. 答案：to reduce 解析：“It’s important for sb. to do sth.”（对某人来说做某事很重要）为固定句型，填“to reduce”。 5. 答案：noise 解析：“too much”后接不可数名词，“noisy”的名词形式为“noise”（噪音）。 6. 答案：was covered 解析：“the surface of the lake”与“cover”为被动关系，根据“last night”，用一般过去时的被动语态“was covered”。 7. 答案：will have discussed 解析：“By the end of this month”（到本月底）为将来完成时的标志，结构为“will have+过去分词”，填“will have discussed”。 8. 答案：careful；carefully；careless 解析：第一空“is”后接形容词“careful”（仔细的）；第二空修饰动词“looking”，用副词“carefully”（仔细地）；第三空结合“经常犯错”，填形容词“careless”（粗心的）。 9. 答案：service 解析：“friendly”后接名词，“serve”的名词形式为“service”（服务），符合“饺子店有友好的服务”的语境。 10. 答案：to protect 解析：“she could”为定语从句，修饰“everything”，此处用不定式“to protect”表目的，意为“妈妈做了所有能做的事来保护孩子”。 11. 答案：development 解析：“the+名词+of”结构中，“develop”的名词形式为“development”（发展）。 12. 答案：caused 解析：根据时间状语“last week”，用一般过去时“caused”。 13. 答案：anything 解析：否定句中用“anything”，代替肯定句中的“something”，意为“今天下午我没事可做”。 14. 答案：addresses 解析：“Tom’s and Maria’s”表示两人各自的邮箱地址，用复数“addresses”。 15. 答案：signs 解析：“some”后接可数名词复数，“sign”的复数为“signs”（标识）。 16. 答案：to save 解析：“she could”为定语从句，修饰“the ways”，此处用不定式“to save”表目的，意为“她尝试了所有能做的方法来救他”。 17. 答案：trust 解析：本句为祈使句，用动词原形“trust”（相信）。 18. 答案：passports 解析：“their”后接可数名词复数，“passport”的复数为“passports”（护照）。 19. 答案：to search 解析：此处用不定式“to search”表目的，意为“一些孩子上网来查找信息”。 20. 答案：To click 解析：此处用不定式“To click”表目的，意为“要点击图标，你需要用鼠标”，句首首字母大写。 三、根据句意及首字母提示填写适当的单词（每题2分，共40分） 1. 答案：message 解析：结合“缺席时同桌帮忙”，“take a message”（捎口信）为固定短语，首字母为“m”，填“message”。 2. 答案：station 解析：“subway station”（地铁站）为固定短语，首字母为“s”，填“station”。 3. 答案：belt 解析：“seat belt”（安全带）为固定短语，结合“飞机即将降落”，填“belt”。 4. 答案：sign 解析：结合“提醒禁止吸烟”，“sign”（标识）符合语境，首字母为“s”，填“sign”。 5. 答案：packet 解析：结合“没时间买礼物，带红色包裹去派对”，“packet”（包裹）符合语境，首字母为“p”，填“packet”。 6. 答案：protect 解析：“protect the animals and plants”（保护动植物），首字母为“p”，填“protect”。 7. 答案：aware 解析：“make sb. aware of”（让某人意识到）为固定短语，首字母为“a”，填“aware”。 8. 答案：address 解析：结合“寄特产”，需“地址”，首字母为“a”，填“address”。 9. 答案：private 解析：“private libraries”（私人图书馆），结合“老人有两个”，首字母为“p”，填“private”。 10. 答案：important 解析：结合“火灾中确保所有人撤离”，这是“最重要的事”，首字母为“i”，填“important”。 11. 答案：cause 解析：“the cause of death”（死亡原因），首字母为“c”，填“cause”。 12. 答案：cheat 解析：“lying to others is to cheat yourself”（对别人撒谎就是欺骗自己），首字母为“c”，填“cheat”。 13. 答案：improve 解析：结合“英语不好，想努力提高”，首字母为“i”，填“improve”。 14. 答案：avoid 解析：“avoid eating too much junk food”（避免吃太多垃圾食品），首字母为“a”，填“avoid”。 15. 答案：mess 解析：结合“打扫房间”，可知房间“脏乱”，“mess”（脏乱）符合语境，首字母为“m”，填“mess”。 16. 答案：except 解析：“除了汤姆，所有人都去野餐了”，“except”（除……之外，不包含）符合语境，首字母为“e”，填“except”。 17. 答案：overcome 解析：“overcome the difficulties”（克服困难），首字母为“o”，填“overcome”。 18. 答案：connect 解析：“connect the gates with the computer”（将大门与电脑连接），首字母为“c”，填“connect”。 19. 答案：nothing 解析：“春天懒惰，秋天将一无所获”，“nothing”（没有东西）符合语境，首字母为“n”，填“nothing”。 20. 答案：without 解析：“没有你的帮助我做不到”，“without”（没有）符合语境，首字母为“w”，填“without”。 四、根据句意及音标提示填写适当的单词（每题2分，共30分） 1. 答案：opposite 解析：根据音标/ˈɒpəzɪt/，对应单词“opposite”（在……对面），符合“邮局在超市对面”的语境。 2. 答案：fool 解析：根据音标/fuːl/，对应单词“fool”（傻瓜），符合“不要做傻瓜，独自在河里游泳很危险”的语境。 3. 答案：order 解析：根据音标/ˈɔːdə/，对应单词“order”（秩序），“in good order”（井井有条）为固定短语。 4. 答案：suddenly 解析：根据音标/ˈsʌdənli/，对应单词“suddenly”（突然地），修饰动词“stopped”。 5. 答案：reply 解析：根据音标/rɪˈplaɪ/，对应单词“reply”（回复），“reply to the email”（回复邮件）为固定搭配。 6. 答案：unhappy 解析：根据音标/ʌnˈhæpi/，对应单词“unhappy”（不开心的），符合“好朋友没来生日派对”的语境。 7. 答案：except 解析：根据音标/ɪkˈsept/，对应单词“except”（除……之外），符合“除了远处的风声，没有光和声音”的语境。 8. 答案：addresses 解析：根据音标/əˈdresɪz/（复数形式），对应单词“addresses”（地址），“email addresses”（邮箱地址）。 9. 答案：throat 解析：根据音标/θrəʊt/，对应单词“throat”（喉咙），“have a sore throat”（喉咙痛）为固定短语。 10. 答案：railway 解析：根据音标/ˈreɪlweɪ/，对应单词“railway”（铁路），符合“不要在铁路上玩”的语境。 11. 答案：warning 解析：根据音标/ˈwɔːnɪŋ/，对应单词“warning”（警告），“a warning sign”（警告标识）符合语境。 12. 答案：basic 解析：根据音标/ˈbeɪsɪk/，对应单词“basic”（基本的），“basic life skills”（基本生活技能）符合语境。 13. 答案：develop 解析：根据音标/dɪˈveləp/，对应单词“develop”（培养），“develop children’s independence”（培养孩子的独立性）符合语境。 14. 答案：caused 解析：根据音标/kɔːzd/，对应单词“caused”（导致），结合语境“是什么导致他改变主意”，用一般过去时。 15. 答案：picnic 解析：根据音标/ˈpɪknɪk/，对应单词“picnic”（野餐），“go on a picnic”（去野餐）为固定短语。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $