Unit 3提升训练2025-2026学年沪教版(五四学制）英语八年级上册

Unit 3提升训练 复习巩固 I.短语默写 1.不熟悉的东西 2.问无数的问题 3.天生地 4.支持他的观点 5.突然；同时 6.乘坐城市周围所有的地铁线路 7.好奇心的好处 8.在最近的一次实验 9.谢谢您同意这次采访 10.保持好奇 11.伸手去够 12.你想要探索的领域 13. 为……奠定基础 14.第一个发现色盲的人 II.句子默写 1.长大后，人们就不再好奇了。 2.我们每天都在以一种有趣、好玩和愉快的方式探索新事物。 3.他们真的很享受和朋友叙旧。 4.这些问题可能似乎永无止境，甚至有点烦人。 5.孩子的好奇心对成长的人是非常重要的。 6.当我阅读小说时，我会深入其中，思考人物和他们的选择。 7.受到这种好奇心的驱使，他努力工作并成了航空航天领域的先驱。 Ⅲ.词性转换默写 请根据提示完成填写下面表格 原 词 词性/中文 英 文 词性/中文 英 文 1. curious (a. ) (n. )好奇心 (ad.)好奇地 2. unfamiliar (n. ) (a. )熟悉的 (n. ) 家庭 (v.)使(某人)熟悉；使通晓 3. continuous (a. ) (v. )连续;继续 (a.)不连续的；间断的 4. annoying(a.) (v.)使恼怒;使烦闷 (a.)感到恼怒的；烦闷的 5. recent (a. ) (ad.) 最近;近来 6. deepen (v. ) (ad.) 深深地 (v.) 加深 (a. ) 深的 7. wonder (v.) (n.)奇迹;奇观 (a.)极好的;精彩的 8. lead (v.) (a.)领先的 (n.)领袖；领导人 9. magic (n.) (n.)魔术师；变戏法的人 (a.)魔力的；不可思议的 10. legend (n.) (a. )传奇的 (ad. ) 传奇似地 11. research (n.) (v. ) 研究 (n. )研究者 名师点拨 动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，具有多种用法，主要包括： 作宾语： 动词不定式可以用作宾语,能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有: begin, start, want, forget, remember, show, learn, like, hate, love, ask等。 例如: I want to tell you a story. 我想给你讲个故事。 She wants to help Mary. 她想要帮助玛丽。 He pretended to be a good man. 他假装是好人。 They agreed to have a meeting the next week. 他们同意下星期开会。 如果动词不定式较长，可以用“it”作形式宾语。 例如: I find it interesting to learn English with you. 我觉得和你一起学英语很有趣。 作宾语补足语： 动词不定式可以用作宾语补足语，可以用动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有： tell， ask，want, like, invite, encourage, help等。但在 let, make, see, watch, hear, feel, notice, have等感官听觉动词或使役动词后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式要省略动词不定式符号 to。 例如: I want you to go now. 我想让你现在就走。 Her parents wish her to be a teacher. 她父母亲希望她当老师。 Let the boy go out now. 现在让那个男孩出去。 The boy made the baby cry. 那个男孩弄哭了这个小婴儿。 I often hear the girl sing in the next room. 我经常听到那个女孩在隔壁唱歌。 可省可不省的: help sb.(to) do sth. 例如: I often help my mother (to) do housework. 我经常帮我妈妈做家务。 作目的状语： 动词不定式可以用作目的状语。 例如: He went to see his younger sister yesterday. 他昨天去看妹妹了。 IV. Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的答案) ( ) 1. The headmaster has promised into the matter and give us a reply in a couple of days. A. to look B. look C. looking D. looked ( ) 2. My nephew has decided an online shop after graduating from school. A. open B. to open C. opened D. opening ( ) 3. Mr. Smith's response to the news made Jerry how bad the situation was. A. realize B. to realize C. realized D. realizing ( ) 4. Reading is interesting and it also enables us the world around us. A. understand B. understanding C. understood D. to understand ( ) 5. Nowadays, you really require a lot of talent and hard work success. A. achieving B. to achieve C. achieve D. achieved ( )6. Mum always tells me any food when I have dinner at home. A. not to waste B. don't waste C. not waste D. to not waste ( )7. The joke was so funny that it made Kitty again and again. A. laugh B. to laugh C. laughing D. laughs ( )8. He expected the insurance company him $30,000 for his car. A. to pay B. pay C. paid D. paying ( )9. A group of students from our sister school hope in our school art festival next week. A. join B. to join C. joining D. joined ( )10. My uncle invited me to the UK with him last summer. A. staying B. to stay C. stayed D. Stay ( )11. your memory, you should exercise your brain. A. Improve B. To improve C. Improving D. Improved ( )12.——Do you often see William on the playground? —No, but he is often seen Chinese kong fu in the park. A. run; to play B. run; to play C. running; play D. running; to play V. Rewrite the following sentences as required (按要求改写句子) 1. Jenny didn't know what she could say to her parents on the phone.(改为简单句) Jenny didn't know what to her parents on the phone. 2. On the first day of the May Day holiday, John's family visited Shanghai Museum.(对画线部分提问) John's family visit on the first day of the May Day holiday? 3. first solve failed the team was to new problem to the After their made explore plan ways(连词成句) 4. confirm researcher The their invited people rate curiosity before to some(连词成句) 5. was at It not surprising all she since always a lot reads(连词成句) 专项提高 I. Complete the following sentences (用适当的单词完成下列句子) 1. The story about the boy and his dog was so t that it made me feel both happy and sad at the same time. 2. His c about how the universe works led him to spend hours reading books about space. 3. For our science project, we need to do some r to find out how plants grow in different environments. 4. The success r of the new study method is very high, so many students are trying it. II. Fill in the blanks with proper forms of the words given (用所给词的适当形式填空) You've probably heard the old saying, “Curiosity killed the cat.” It comes from a 1598 play by English writer Ben Jonson and it suggests that curiosity can be dangerous—— something we should avoid. But did you know there's a second part to this saying? In 1912, a newspaper added, “Curiosity killed the cat, but 1. (satisfy) brought it back.” This means that while curiosity might lead to trouble, it can also lead to rewards and 2. (solve). So, is curiosity a good thing or a bad thing? Should we encourage it —— like in those scary movies when the hero goes to investigate the 3. (expect), unexplained noise in the basement and half the audience shouts 4. (encourage) from the dark theatre? Or, should we discourage it, like the other half of the audience yelling at the hero not to open that door? To answer this, we first need to understand what curiosity is. It's not easy to define, but one of the oldest ideas is that curiosity is like a drive —— similar to how we feel thirsty or hungry. When we' re curious, we feel a kind of discomfort and we' re 5. (motivate) to find answers to reduce that feeling. In 1954, a psychologist named David Berlyne suggested that curiosity is sparked by things that are 6. (confuse), complex or unclear. This confusion makes us uncomfortable, so we try to figure things out. When we do, we feel 7. (reward) and this helps us learn and remember better. Later, in 1994, George Loewenstein added to this idea. He said curiosity is like a “gap” between what we know and what we want to know. 8. (close) that gap by learning something new feels satisfying. Because of these ideas, curiosity has become an important part of teaching and learning. It helps us explore, discover and grow. So, while curiosity might sometimes lead to challenges, it's also a powerful tool for learning and understanding the world. Ⅲ. Read the following passages and finish the exercises (阅读短文，完成练习) A Children are naturally curious, inquisitive beings, but getting them to study something they aren't interested in can be a difficult task. Teachers and parents often find themselves resorting to rewards in the form of stars, promises of high grades and wonderful careers or threats of punishment. But what if rewards and threats aren't the answer? Natural curiosity is sometimes referred to as“ intrinsic motivation (内在动机)”. Studies have found that children who see learning as fun and important are better at it. And it's easy to understand why —— it's difficult to study something we aren't involved with and if we' re passionate about the information we' re digesting, it feels more satisfying. Extrinsic motivation (外在动机), things like rewards and punishment, does have its uses, too. Praise and stimulation based on achieving good grades or fear of reprisal (报复) has been acknowledged to motivate older students. However, it seems that at an early age, it doesn't have as much effect. So, if it's the case that natural curiosity is motivation for better learning, how can we encourage that interest? According to some experts, the key is to allow some degree of autonomy and freedom. Let the child see their learning as their free will. If you want to teach children to read, let them choose which book they use. Whether it's a graphic novel, TV guide or classic literature —— the aim of stimulating their interest for reading is still met. Likewise, build a relationship with them as learners —— listen to their negative feelings. Explain why an activity is valuable, even if it isn't exactly fun. So it seems that the key to motivating children, especially the young ones, might come from stimulating that intrinsic motivation. Maybe it's time to free them from the reigns of threats and rewards and give them a bit more choice of how they learn. Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的答案) ( )1. What is “intrinsic motivation” according to the passage? A. Motivation driven by natural curiosity and interest. B. Motivation driven by rewards and punishments. C. Motivation driven by fear of failure. D. Motivation driven by parents and teachers. ( )2. Why is it easier for children to learn when they are curious? A. Because they are afraid of punishment. B. Because they are active and passionate about the information. C. Because they want to get good grades. D. Because their parents force them to study. ( )3. What does “intrinsic motivation” include? A. Natural curiosity and interest. B. Rewards and punishments. C. Freedom and autonomy. D. Fun and enjoyment. ( ) 4. According to the passage, what is the key to stimulating children's interest in learning? A. Giving them more rewards and punishments. B. Ignoring their negative feelings. C. Forcing them to study harder. D. Allowing them some degree of autonomy and freedom. 5. What does the author suggest about teaching children to read? A. Children should only read classic literature. B. Children should be allowed to choose their own reading materials. C. Children should be forced to read difficult books. D. Children should avoid graphic novels and TV guides. B Fill in the blanks with proper words. The first letters are given (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空限填一词，首字母已给) The speed of technology development today is amazing. AI can now create high- quality text, images and music from simple instructions. Space travel is no longer just for governments, with private companies like Space X growing fast. CRISPR technology can even edit human genes to1. t diseases like sickle cell anemia. With so many changes happening quickly, it's important to prepare our kids for a future full of changes. British professor and AI expert Rose Luckin says one key 2. s is to “make them good at learning”, helping them feel confident and curious so they know how to learn and adapt. As education researchers, we spent three years studying what good learning looks like. We talked to nearly 100 students, parents, teachers, scientists, psychologists and academics to understand how kids learn best and what 3. c they face. We wrote about our findings in The Disengaged Teen, with three main points: First, engagement is the key to success. It's even more important than grades. Being engaged predicts achievement, happiness and resilience. Second, parents'4. i is huge. Parents can greatly affect how engaged their kids are at school. Understanding the “four modes of learning” can help families provide the right support. Third, the right environment helps kids explore and be 5. c Knowing where kids are in their learning journey helps prevent them from getting stuck and encourages exploration. In short, helping kids stay engaged, 6. s them as parents and creating a good learning environment are the key to preparing them for a fast- changing future. 拓展阅读 Is the Lost Island of Atlantis Really Lost? Or Did It Never Exist? More than 2,000 years ago, the Greek thinker Plato wrote about a magnificent (壮丽的) island called Atlantis. 1. It sat on a perfectly round island, surrounded by rings of water and land. Gardens, golden temples, a horse racing track and fancy bath houses filled the island rings. Ships sailed in the circular waterways, bringing goods from all over the world. The whole place was filled with fruit and flowers. Wise kings ruled over happy people. 2. They started wars and attempted to enslave (奴役) their neighbours. So the gods punished Atlantis. With deadly earthquakes and floods, the island sank into the sea, never to be seen again. 3. If Atlantis was real, at different times, people have suggested that Atlantis is really the Azores(a group of islands west of Portugal), North Africa, Ireland, the ancient city of Troy, various Caribbean islands, North America and even Antarctica. But none of these quite match Plato's description. Hopeful divers have found many sunken cities over the years, but most are well- known and none are in circles. Today, most historians think that Plato made Atlantis up. But he may have been inspired (赋予灵感) by a real place. About 1,500 BC, a volcano erupted (火山爆发) on the Greek island of Santorini. 4. Earthquakes and floods swept the nearby island of Crete. As a boy, Plato probably heard tales of the Santorini eruption, although it happened long before he was born. He lived on an island and had experienced earthquakes. But his story of Atlantis was not meant as true history. 5. Still, he described it so vividly that his imaginary lost island continues to fascinate us. Fill in the blanks with the proper sentences(用适当的句子填空) A. He told it as a fable designed to teach a moral lesson. B. It destroyed much of the island, though half is still there. C. Ever since, people wondered: Was Atlantis a real place? D. But over time, Plato wrote, the people grew greedy and corrupt(腐败的). E. According to Plato, the royal palace was a marvel(奇迹) to see for its size and beauty. 复习巩固 I. 1. unfamiliar things 2. ask countless questions 3. by nature 4. support his point of view 5. all at once 6. take all the metro lines around the city 7. benefits of curiosity 8. in a recent experiment 9. thank you for agreeing with this interview 10. stay curious 11. reach up for 12. the area you want to explore 13. lay the foundation for... 14. the first person to discover colour blindness II. 1. After growing up, people are no longer curious. 2. We explore new things every day in a fun, playful and enjoyable way. 3. They really enjoyed catching up with a friend/ friends. 4. These questions may seem never-ending, even a little annoying. 5. A child's curiosity is very important for the growing mind. 6. When reading novels, I go into it deeply, thinking about the characters and their choices. 7. Driven by this curiosity, he worked hard and became a pioneer in aerospace. III. 原 词 词性/中文 英 文 词性/中文 英 文 1. curious (a.) (n. )好奇心 curiosity (ad.)好奇地 curiously 2. unfamiliar (n. ) (a. )熟悉的 familiar (n. )家庭 family (v.)使(某人)熟悉；使通晓 familiarize 3. continuous (a. ) (v. )连续;继续 continue (a.)不连续的；间断的 discontinuous 4. annoying(a.) (v.)使恼怒;使烦闷 annoy (a.)感到恼怒的；烦闷的 annoyed 5. recent (a. ) (ad.) 最近;近来 recently 6. deepen (v. ) (ad. ) 深深地 deeply (v. ) 加深 deepen (a. ) 深的 deep 7. wonder (v. ) (n. )奇迹;奇观 wonder (a.)极好的; 精彩的 wonderful 8. lead (v.) (a. )领先的 leading (n.)领袖；领导人 leader 9. magic(n. ) (n.)魔术师；变戏法的人 magician (a.)魔力的；不可思议的 magical 10. legend (n. ) (a. )传奇的 legendary (ad.)传奇似地 legendarily 11. research (n.) (v. ) 研究 research (n.)研究者 researcher IV. 1. A 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. A 8. A 9. B 10. B 11. B 12. A 【重点详解】 1. promise to do sth. 承诺做某事 2. decide to do sth. 决定做某事 3. make sb. do sth. 使得某人做某事;在 let, make, see, watch, hear, feel, notice, have 等感官听觉动词或使役动词后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式要省略动词不定式符号“to”。 4. enable sb. to do sth. , 使某人能做某事 5. require sth. to do sth. 需要某物去做某事 6. tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事 tell sb. not to do sth. 告诉某人不要做某事 7. make sb. do sth. 使得某人做某事 8. expect sb. to do sth 期待某人做某事 9. hope to do sth. 希望做某事 10.句意为：去年夏天，我叔叔邀请我去英国和他呆在一起。不定式作目的状语。 11.句意为：为提高你的记忆，你应该锻炼你的大脑。不定式作目的状语。 12.句意：你经常看见 William在操场上跑步吗?不，我经常看见他在公园里练中国功夫。考查非谓语动词。seesb. do sth.表示“看到某人做了某事”，强调做某事的全过程，或者表述客观事实;see sb. doing sth.表示“看到某人正在做某事”,强调正在进行。根据“Doyou often see William... on the playground?”可知,此处强调做某事的全过程,所以第一个空用 run;根据“he is often seen... Chinese kong fu in the park”可知，此处是含有感官动词的被动语态，此时 to要还原，所以第二个空用 to play。故选A。 V. 1. to say 2. What did 3. After their first plan failed, the team was made to explore new ways to solve the problem. 4. The researcher invited some people to confirm their curiosity rate before. 5. It was not surprising at all since she always reads a lot. 专项提高 I. 1. touching 2. curiosity 3. research 4. rate Ⅱ. 1. satisfaction 2. solutions 3. unexpected 4. encouragement 5. motivated 6. confusing7. rewarded 8. Closing Ⅲ. A. 1. A 2. B 3. B 4. D 5. B B. 1. treat 2. solution 3. challenges 4. influence 5. curious 6. supporting 拓展阅读 1. E 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. A 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $