专题2 阅读七选五——先定性•再定位(Word练习)-【精讲精练】2026年高考英语二轮专题辅导与训练

专题集训 专题微练14　阅读七选五——小标题类 [对应学生用书P164] A (2025·浙江名校协作体联考) How to Have Better，Deeper Conversations In today's fast-paced world，distractions are everywhere，especially from our phones.When catching up with friends，it can be frustrating when their attention shifts away. 1 It's a skill that can be cultivated.Here are three key ways to enhance your listening ability. Avoid distractions. To be an effective listener，start by putting away your phone and other distractions.Research shows that multitasking distracts our attention and hampers the quality of our conversations.As musician Hrishikesh Hirway says，“Trying to listen to one song while singing another in your head is impossible.” 2 Reflect on what you hear. Active listening is more than just being silent. 3 Phrases like “What I hear you saying is” can confirm your understanding.Also，resist the urge to share your own stories immediately; keep the conversation centered on them. 4 Nonverbal communication plays a vital role in conversations.Maintaining eye contact，having an open posture，and nodding can show that you're engaged.These small gestures help the other person feel valued and encourage them to continue sharing. Improving your listening skills takes practice. 5 As Hirway advises，“Let the other person know you're listening and stay focused.” A．Use nonverbal cues. B．Look up to show interest. C．So to build stronger relationships，active listening is essential. D．But with a bit more effort，you can foster deeper conversations. E．Engage by asking questions or summarizing what the other person says. F．Therefore，during conversations，focus fully on the person in front of you. G．Taking notes while listening can help you remember the conversation better. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在快节奏的现代生活中如何通过提高倾听能力来与他人进行更好、更深入的对话的相关内容。 1．解析　空前提到与朋友相聚时，如果他们的注意力转移了，这会让人感到沮丧；空后提到这是一种可以培养的技能。以下是提升倾听能力的三个主要方法。因此此处需要一个句子来过渡，强调倾听的重要性。C项“因此，为了建立更深厚的关系，积极倾听是必不可少的”承上启下，符合语境。故选 C。 答案　C 2．解析　空前提到同时做数件事情会分散注意力，影响对话质量，并引用了音乐家Hrishikesh Hirway的话来进一步说明了同时做两件事是不可能的。F项“因此，在对话过程中，要全神贯注于面前的人”是对上文的总结，强调了避免分心的重要性，符合语境。故选F。 答案　F 3．解析　空前提到积极倾听不仅仅是保持沉默。E 项“通过提问或总结对方的话来参与对话”承接上文，符合语境。故选 E。 答案　E 4．解析　空格处是本段的小标题。空后提到非语言交流在对话中起着至关重要的作用。A项“使用非语言暗示”是对本段内容的概括总结。故选A。 答案　A 5．解析　空前提到提升倾听技能需要练习。D项“但只要多付出一点努力，你就能促进更深入的对话”承接上文，符合语境。故选 D。 答案　D [二次精读] 核心 单词 distraction n.使人分心的事物　frustrating adj.令人沮丧的　cultivate v.逐渐形成(某种态度、谈话或举止方式等) 核心 短语 shift away转移 B (2025·南充一诊)It can be challenging to force yourself to start a bunch of productive habits out of nowhere.Luckily，with a few minor changes，anyone can set the stage for success. 1 ．With the right attitude and a little effort，you'll be crossing tasks off your to-do list faster than you can write them out! Use a daily planner 2 ．Being productive has more to do with organization than effort，so put 5-10 minutes aside every night (or morning) to map out how you're going to spend the day ahead of you. Complete important tasks before lunch Most people are more productive in the morning，so do key tasks early.If you want to pitch a new service to a few important clients，make those calls before noon.If you're struggling to maintain your energy later in the day and you aren't at work，take a short rest. 3 ． Declutter your home or workspace A clean desk and an organized home will help you stay focused. 4 ．At the end of each day，spend a few minutes throwing out the trash，putting things away，and organizing your workspace or home to get rid of clutter. 5 It's hard to be productive if you think you're doing something pointless.Start pushing yourself to find the significance in every single thing you do before you start.If you walk around all day feeling like you're wasting your time，you're never going to get anything done! A．Find the value in the boring stuff B．Reward yourself for building habits C．Mapping your day out will keep you focused on what's important D．All it takes is a little bit of preparation and a healthy dose of positive thinking E．A 20-minute nap is a great way to put yourself back into productive headspace F．It may be hard to push through that first week if you aren't used to doing something G．Chaos has a way of drawing your attention away from whatever task you're trying to do [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍个人如何通过改变自己的习惯和方法变得更高效。 1．解析　空前一句提出了一个观点，即通过一些小的改变，任何人都可以为成功创造条件，故此处应该讲述具体的改变是什么。D项讲述了具体怎样改变，且其中的“a little bit of preparation and a healthy dose of positive thinking”(一点点准备和一些正向思考)与空后的“a little effort”“the right attitude”相呼应。故选D。 答案　D 2．解析　根据小标题可知该段主要讲述要使用每日计划表；根据下文可知，高效更多的是与筹备工作有关，所以要每天晚上或早上花五至十分钟来规划第二天的活动。C项“规划你的一天会让你专注于重要的事情”紧扣该段主题，符合语境。该选项里的“Mapping your day out”与该段下文中的“map out how you're going to spend the day”出现了原词和同义复现。故选C。 答案　C 3．解析　空前一句讲到你如果在一天的晚些时候很难保持精力且不用工作，那么你可以短暂休息。E项“20分钟的小憩是将自己恢复到高效的思考状态的好方法”与上文语意联系紧密，故选E。 答案　E 4．解析　该段的主题句“清理你的家庭或工作空间”和该段第一句可知，通过整理事物人们可以更好地集中精力完成任务。G项“混乱常常会分散你对正在尝试完成的任务的注意力”解释了原因，符合语境。故选G。 答案　G 5．解析　段落主旨句。该段讲到如果你认为你正在做的某件事是没有意义的，那么你很难高效。在你开始做每件事情前，尽力寻找其中的意义。A项“在无聊的事情中找到价值”能概括该段主旨，而且该选项句式特征与其他段落主旨句句式特征一致：均以动词原形开头。故选A。 答案　A [二次精读] 核心 单词 challenging adj.挑战性的，考验能力的　pitch v.推销；争取支持(或生意等)　declutter v.清理　organized adj.有条理的，有安排的　pointless adj.无意义的，无目标的，不值得做的　significance n.重要性，意义 派生 词汇 produce v.生产；制造→productive adj.有效益的，富有成效的 核心 短语 a bunch of大量，许多　out of nowhere突然冒出来，不知打哪来　set the stage for success为成功奠定基础　put aside储存，保留；把……暂放一边，把……留作后用　map out规划，设计　get rid of摆脱　walk around all day整天走来走去 C (2025·安徽江南十校联考)Knowing how to deal with depression can help you live a fuller，more productive life.The following coping techniques can help ease this mental health condition. Talk to someone 1 ．Staying connected can go a long way toward managing your depression.This reminds you that you're not alone.According to research，increased social connection and feeling connected can help decrease depressive symptoms. Explore and challenge your thoughts Depression can surface through a lot of negative thoughts，but you can learn how to challenge them with know-how and effort. 2 ．Rather，it's a way to look at your real situation and restore your positivity.For instance，you might remind yourself that you are loved and then give specific examples to support this new thought pattern. Engage in rewarding activities Engaging in rewarding activities can help you stay active and out of depression.This can involve scheduled activities of mental health strategies.For example，you can start your day with positive self-talk and end it by writing down something you are grateful for. 3 ． Practice gratitude When you're struggling with depression，it can be difficult to be grateful. 4 ．Focusing on gratitude can bring you an increased sense of well-being，and help you transform your understanding of belongings and abilities into sources of gratitude. 5 Sometimes people feel forced to apply a label they didn't want，but it doesn't need to be part of an identity.Struggling to accept its existence only brings more pain.Accepting depression helps you become open to figuring out what led to the depression.Depression is one of the mind and body's ways of saying you need to make a change，so accepting it will help facilitate that change. A．Ignore the label B．Learn to accept it C．It may sound simple，but it's effective D．Engaging in physical exercise does wonders E．This doesn't mean just telling yourself everything's fine F．However，being appreciative has mental health benefits G．Including these activities into your routine can help with depression [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了应对抑郁症的几种方法，包括与人交流、探索和挑战自己的想法、参与有益的活动、练习感恩以及学会接受等，这些方法能够帮助人们更好地应对这种心理健康状况。 1．解析　根据小标题Talk to someone可知，本段主要介绍与人沟通这一应对抑郁症的方法；根据后文内容可知，与他人保持联系对于减轻抑郁症状有帮助。C项(这听起来可能很简单，但它很有效)强调该方法虽简单却有效果，承上启下，符合语境，且选项中的It 指代Talk to someone这一方法。故选C。 答案　C 2．解析　根据下文“Rather，it's a way to look at your real situation and restore your positivity.”可知，这是一种审视真实情况并恢复积极心态的方式。根据Rather可知，设空处与下文构成转折关系。E项(这并不意味着只是告诉自己一切都很好)承上启下，指出挑战负面想法并非简单地进行自我安慰，而是理性面对真实情况，符合语境。故选E。 答案　E 3．解析　根据本段小标题可知，此段围绕Engage in rewarding activities 展开，指出参与有益的活动能帮助应对抑郁，设空处上文举例说明了一些活动，如以积极的自我对话开启一天，以写下感恩之事结束一天等。G项(将这些活动纳入你的日常生活可以帮助应对抑郁症)中的these activities指代前文提到的活动，承接上文，符合语境。故选G。 答案　G 4．解析　根据小标题Practice gratitude可知，本段主题与感恩有关。根据本段开头“When you're struggling with depression，it can be difficult to be grateful.”可知，当与抑郁症作斗争时，很难做到感恩；设空处下文指出感恩可以提升幸福感，由此可知，设空处应与上文构成转折关系；F项(然而，心怀感激对心理健康有好处)中的 However 表示转折，指出感恩在应对抑郁方面的积极作用，且选项中的being appreciative和上文的 be grateful、小标题中的gratitude相呼应，承上启下，符合语境。故选F。 答案　F 5．解析　设空处为段落小标题，通过观察其他段落小标题可知，此处应使用简短的祈使句，因此可将答案锁定在A、B两项中。根据下文内容可知，接受抑郁症有助于弄清楚抑郁的原因并促进改变，由此可知，本段主要强调要接受抑郁症，B项(学会接受它)能准确概括段落内容，符合语境，且选项中的it 指代下文的 depression。故选B。 答案　B [二次精读] 核心 单词 depression n.抑郁症，沮丧　ease v.缓解，减轻　restore v.使恢复，使复原　strategy n.策略，战略　gratitude n.感激，感谢　well-being n.健康，安乐　facilitate v.促进，使便利　routine n.常规，惯例 核心 短语 engage in从事，参与 　be grateful for 对……感激 　figure out 弄懂，弄清楚　do wonders创造奇迹，产生神奇作用 专题微练15　阅读七选五——段首句类 [对应学生用书P166] A (2025·福州第一次质检)We are all creatures of habit.We tend to wake up at the same time each day，brush our teeth，have morning coffee and travel to work，following the same patterns every day. 1 Behavioral scientists who study habit formation say that many of us try to create healthy habits the wrong way. 2 Here are two tips，backed by research，for forming new healthy habits. 3 For many of us，our morning routine is the strongest，so that's a great place to build a new habit.While brushing your teeth，you might stand on one foot to practice balance.Many of us fall into end-of-the-day patterns as well.Do you tend to sink into the sofa after work and turn on the TV? That might be a good time to do a single daily yoga pose. 4 Wendy Wood，a research psychologist，calls the forces that get in the way of good habits “friction”．In one study，researchers changed the turning of lift doors so that workers had to wait nearly half a minute for the doors to close. 5 Many people are therefore convinced that taking the stairs was easier than waiting for the lift.It shows how sensitive we are to small friction in our environment.Just slowing down the lift got people to take the stairs，and they stuck with it even after the lift went back to normal timing. A．It was just enough of a delay. B．Why do we stop doing what's good for us? C．But why is it so hard to form new healthy habits? D．We probably form new habits when we clear away the barriers. E．The better way to form a new habit is to tie it to an existing habit. F．It explains why friction prevents the progress of forming good habits. G．For example，we set big goals to lose weight without taking proper steps. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了养成新的健康习惯的建议。 1．解析　上文讲我们都是墨守成规的人，倾向于每天在同一时间起床、刷牙、早晨喝咖啡、上班，每天都遵循同样的模式。下文主要介绍了养成新的健康习惯的建议。C项“但是为什么养成新的健康习惯这么难呢？”引出下文的养成新的健康习惯这一话题。 答案　C 2．解析　空前的“many of us try to create healthy habits the wrong way”讲我们中的许多人试图以错误的方式养成健康的习惯，故空处应该涉及错误的做法，G项“例如，我们设定了减肥的大目标，却没有采取适当的步骤”举例说明了人们的错误做法。故选G。 答案　G 3．解析　空处位于段首，是本段的主旨句，是作者提出的养成新的健康习惯的第一条建议。空后讲早上的例行活动是最有力的，所以这是一个建立新习惯的好方法，刷牙的时候，人们可以单脚站立来练习平衡，下班后，人们也可以利用窝在沙发上看电视的习惯来做一个瑜伽姿势。由此可知，E项“形成一个新习惯的更好方法是把它和现有的习惯联系起来”最能概括本段的主旨。故选E。 答案　E 4．解析　空处位于段首，是本段的主旨句，也是作者提出的养成新的健康习惯的第二条建议。空后讲心理学家Wendy Wood将妨碍养成好习惯的力量称为“摩擦”，接着介绍了一个研究中的实验，即研究人员通过改变电梯门的转动方式，放慢电梯的关门速度，让人们养成走楼梯的新习惯。D项“当我们清除障碍时，我们可能会养成新的习惯”最能概括本段的主旨。其中的barriers与下文的friction 呼应。故选D。 答案　D 5．解析　空前讲在一项研究中，研究人员改变了电梯门的转动方式，工人不得不等近半分钟才能关上电梯门，A项“只是稍微耽搁了一下”对这一行为做进一步的分析，承接上文，且与空后的“因此，许多人相信走楼梯比等电梯更容易”衔接紧密。故选A。 答案　A [二次精读] 核心 单词 behavioral adj.行为的 　routine n.惯例，常规，例行公事　sensitive adj.敏感的 熟词 生义 back常用义：n.(人体或动物的)背部adv.向后，在背面adj.背后的，后面的，后部的　文章义：v.帮助，支持 核心 短语 a creature of habit墨守成规的人get in the way of sth阻止某事发生stick with sth持续，坚持 B (2025·南京六校联合调研)We all need to give and receive feedback for our work，which sometimes can be tricky.In fact，Confucius，way back in 551 BC，talked about the importance of expressing difficult messages well.However，a recent survey found that only 26 percent of subjects strongly agree that the feedback they get is effective and useful for their work.Either the feedback is so indirect and soft that the brain doesn't even recognize it or it's just too direct that it makes the other person unhappy and defensive. 1 Ask micro-yes questions. Propose your feedback by asking a question that is short but important.For instance，you can ask “Do you have five minutes for a brief discussion？” 2 First，it lets the other person know that feedback is about to be given.Second，it offers some space for the other to refuse. Avoid blurred(模糊不清的) words. 3 To change this，try to say “You said you'd get that email to me by 11 a．m，and I still don't have it yet at 4 p．m.” instead of “You aren't reliable.” The reason for that is that you want to specify exactly what you want the other person to do. State the impact. 4 For example，you might say，“Because I didn't get the message，I was blocked on my work and couldn't move forward” or “I really liked how you added those stories，because it helped me grasp the concepts faster.” It gives others a sense of purpose and meaning and logic between the points. Wrap the feedback with a question. Great feedback givers tend to ask something like，“Well，how do you see it？” or “This is what I'm thinking，but what are your thoughts on it？” 5 Instead，try to make it a joint problem-solving situation. Now that you know this approach，you can mix and match it to make it work for any difficult conversation. A.This can do two things for you. B．This makes your feedback effective. C．Make the conversation no longer a monologue (独白). D．Name exactly how the other person has influenced you. E．The following four methods can be employed to make your feedback direct. F．There's a mistaken tendency that we use vague，or not specific words for feedback. G．Here comes a four-part approach that you can adopt to say any difficult message well. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何很好地传达反馈。 1．解析　上文讲到调查发现强烈认为反馈有效和有用的人占比较小，不恰当的反馈会让被反馈者甚至意识不到该反馈会让对方不高兴、变得怀有戒心。下文给出了更好地传达反馈的几点做法，所以此处应该承上启下；再结合最后一段中的“Now that you know this approach”可知，下面介绍的四点是一个方法的四个步骤，所以G项(以下是一个四步方法，你可用来很好地传达任何困难的信息)符合语境。 答案　G 2．解析　前面提到要问简短但是重要的问题并举例说明，空后讲了两点好处，所以此处应该说这种做法可以带来双重好处。A项(这可以为你做两件事)描述了这个方法的好处，起承上启下的作用。其中的This指代上文问这种问题的做法。 答案　A 3．解析　根据下文的“To change this”可知，空处应说明某种做法是错误的，应该避免；结合本段小标题(避免模糊不清的词)可知，此处应该表示使用模糊不清的词汇是错误的，所以F项(在反馈中使用模糊不清的、不明确的词汇是错误的倾向)符合语境。 答案　F 4．解析　本段小标题讲到要陈述影响，下文也举例说明了可以怎么样去表述对方给自己带来的影响，所以D项(确切地说明对方是如何影响你的)符合语境。 答案　D 5．解析　根据下文“Instead，try to make it a joint problem-solving situation.”(相反，试着将其变成一个共同解决问题的情境。)可知，此处应该讲到要让对话不再是单方面的独白，而是变成一个共同的问题解决过程。故选C。C项中的“monologue”与文中的“joint problem-solving situation”相呼应。 答案　C [二次精读] 核心 单词 subject n.接受试验者，实验对象　 feedback n.反馈的意见(或信息)　 propose v.提议，建议　 specify v.具体说明，明确规定，详述，详列 concept n.概念　joint adj.联合的，共同的 派生 词汇 trick n.诡计，花招，骗局，把戏→tricky adj.难办的，难对付的　rely v.依靠，依赖→reliable adj.可信赖的，可依靠的 C (2025·长沙新高考适应性考试)According to scientist Shirley Mueller，collecting feeds the pleasure center of the brain，but without the drawbacks of alcohol or smoking.“ 1 ，” says Mueller.“And it's also a way for the collector to temporarily let go of the burdens in their lives and find joy in the moment.” 2 ．More than 100，000 years ago，our ancestors searched for stones，shells，and other useless objects just as they hunted for food.In modern times，while some people collect as a statement of who they are，others collect as an investment or a source of pleasure. Collecting requires attaining knowledge.You have to figure out where you can find the desired items，what they're worth，and how you will organize and display your collections.Those activities stimulate areas of the brain involved in its functioning，skills that include working memory，multitasking，and controlling impulse(冲动). 3 ． On a physiological level，research in Frontiers in Human Neuroscience shows that physical objects have unique effects on brain functions specifically related to memory.Meanwhile，visualizing objects stimulates many areas of the brain.Each object is associated with a person，experience，or moment in time，and you can better recall those things because you have a reminder. 4 ．Each item is a clue for your memory. 5 ．Collectors often report that the friendship of other collectors is one of the most rewarding aspects of collecting.Interacting with sellers，other collectors，or even admirers of your collection can also serve as a foundation for relationship-building. It can develop both a sense of belonging and individuality. A．Of course，collecting is not a new phenomenon B．It is a bit challenging and tiring for us to display C．Collecting can be a form of exercise for the mind D．In that way，collections act as a physical time machine E．Collecting is a way to feel a sense of safety and comfort F．Collecting also seems to hit fundamental relationship needs G．It takes a long time for people to form the habit of collecting [语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。本文主要介绍收藏给人在身体和心理上都带来了很多益处；能让收藏家暂时放下生活负担，刺激与大脑功能有关的区域，也可以与其他收藏家们建立友谊。 1．解析　空前提到收集可以满足大脑的快乐中心，但没有酒精或吸烟的缺点。空后“And it's also a way for the collector...find joy in the moment.”中的also a way 说明此处也在说收集的好处。E项“收藏是一种获得安全感和舒适感的方式”承上启下，符合语境，故选E。 答案　E 2．解析　段落主旨句。根据空后的“More than 100，000 years ago，our ancestors...as they hunted for food.”可知，10万年前，我们的祖先就像寻找食物一样，寻找石头、贝壳和其他无用的东西。所以收藏不是新现象，而是10万年前就已经出现了。A项“当然，收藏并不是一个新现象”能概括本段内容，故选A。 答案　A 3．解析　根据空前信息可知，这些活动会刺激与大脑功能有关的区域，包括工作记忆、多任务处理和控制冲动等技能。C项“收藏可以是一种锻炼思维的方式”符合语境，故选C。 答案　C 4．解析　根据前文并结合选项可知，因为有了提醒物，你可以更好地回忆起与收藏品有关的事情，所以从这个意义上来讲，收藏品就像一台时光机，每一项都是你记忆的线索。故选D。 答案　D 5．解析　段落主旨句。根据空后的“the friendship of other collectors”和“relationship-building”可知，与卖家、其他收藏家，甚至是你收藏的崇拜者互动对建立关系方面的影响。F项“收藏似乎也触及了基本的关系需求”，其中“relationship”与空后的“relationship-building”是同义复现，点明收藏触及基本的关系需求，故选F。 答案　F [二次精读] 核心 单词 drawback n.缺点，不利条件　 burden n.重担，负担 stimulate v.刺激，鼓励 visualize v.使形象化，想象，构思，设想 reminder n.引起回忆的事物；提醒人的事物 rewarding adj.值得做的，有益的 phenomenon n.现象，杰出的人 派生 词汇 fundamental adj.基本的，十分重大的，根本的→fundamentally adv.根本上，完全地 核心 短语 let go of放弃，松开　be related to...与……有关　be associated with...与……有关 专题微练16　阅读七选五——段中句类 [对应学生用书P168] A (2025·石家庄摸底考试)Sometimes it seems that we can't feel any joy in life.We all have such bad days.However，an inability to feel joy is not the norm and requires attention. 1 Luckily，there are steps we can take to generate joy. 2 Learning to recognize emotions that inhibit (抑制) our ability to access joy can help us gain access to our positive core emotions.For example，when we feel anxious，slow down，breathe and name the emotion.Once the body feels calm，we get curious about the emotion's meaning.We may ask，“What is this emotion protecting me from？” and “If I move this emotion aside，what's underneath？” Pay someone a compliment (称赞). 3 So witnessing someone else's happiness can make us smile，too.Complimenting a friend or co-worker can help.Saying “It's nice to see you today” goes a long way.They may smile or show appreciation for your kind words.Witnessing their joy and happiness will lift your spirits. Enjoy small moments of pleasure.Imagine you're a joy detective and try to identify one positive interaction that you've experienced recently. 4 When you notice a positive feeling，try to stay with the moment.In the long run，it will lengthen our experience of positive emotions. Smile，even when you don't feel like it.When we're feeling down，smiling may be the last thing on our mind.However，turning up the corners of your mouth can lower stress and boost your mood.It is a good way to watch a funny movie.Notice what happens when you laugh or smile. 5 A．Get out of a bad mood. B．Watch out for joy blockers. C．Emotions tend to spread rapidly among people. D．This may remind you of a past pleasant experience. E．Perhaps it was a warm conversation or dinner with a friend. F．Chances are that you'll experience a wave of joy，even for a moment. G．Joylessness can affect our mental health，relationship and well-being. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了如何在生活中找回快乐，提出了当无法感受快乐时需要关注并采取行动，并给出具体方法。 1．解析　空后的“Luckily”一词表明，空处讲的应该是一件不好的事情；空前一句讲“然而，无法感受到快乐并不是常态，这需要关注”。因此，空处应该讲无法感受到快乐的危害，分析选项可知，G项“不快乐会影响我们的心理健康、人际关系和幸福”承接上文。 答案　G 2．解析　结合文本结构可知，空处考查段落主旨句。空后讲“学会识别抑制我们获得快乐能力的情绪可以帮助我们获得积极的核心情绪”，接着举例对此进行具体解释，所以本段主要建议我们要关注那些抑制我们获取快乐的情绪，B项“留意快乐拦截者”适合作本段的主旨句。 答案　B 3．解析　根据空后的结果“So witnessing someone else's happiness can make us smile，too.”(所以，见证别人的幸福也可以让我们微笑)可知，空处应该讲见证别人的幸福为什么会让我们微笑。分析选项可知，C项“情绪往往会在人们之间迅速传播”解释了原因。 答案　C 4．解析　空前一句讲“想象你是一个快乐侦探，试着找出你最近经历过的一个积极的互动”，故空处应具体描述你最近经历过的一个积极的互动。分析选项可知，E项“也许是一次温暖的谈话，或者是和朋友共进晚餐”符合语境，选项中的it指代上文的“one positive interaction”。 答案　E 5．解析　空前讲“观看一部搞笑电影是一个好方法。注意当你大笑或微笑的时候会发生什么”，故空处应具体讲笑的时候会发生的事情。分析选项并结合常识可知，F项“很有可能你会经历一阵喜悦，哪怕只有片刻”符合语境。 答案　F [二次精读] 核心 单词 inability n.无法，没能力　 norm n.常态，正常行为标准 core adj.最重要的，主要的，基本的 identify v.找到，发现；确认 lengthen v.(使)延长，(使)加长 boost v.促进，推动，使兴旺 核心 短语 lift sb's spirits振奋某人的情绪 in the long run从长远来看 on sb's mind某人心里所想的；惦念的 B (2025·南京学情调研) Always the outsider? One of the things I used to fear was being the new gid in the office—in the kitchen making coffee while the in-crowd chatted about the weekend.I worried that I wasn't good enough or smart enough. 1 I'd struggle for words while trying to look cool.Back at school，I was best friends with Kate and Cathy until we had to walk across the road in twos，and guess who was left out! I've always been the outsider from school days to office life.Or is that the story I have told myself? As in so many areas of life，the only thing you can control is your response.I remind myself of what Eleanor Roosevelt said：“ 2 ”The only person making me feel like an outsider is myself.These are the lessons I have learned along the way： ·Starting anywhere new，you just have to find your people，the ones that get you. 3 It's OK to take your time and figure out if you're the right fit for each other.Have faith that you will find the right people for you. ·Very often it's our belief systems that tell us we don't fit in.We are replaying the stories from childhood and need to rewrite the script (剧本). 4 When are you assuming that you'll be on your own? What fears are you projecting onto yourself? ·Practice self-acceptance.Remind yourself that it's OK to have a different way of operating in the world. · 5 Sometimes，interactions with random strangers can help us feel more confident in all our relationships.For example，volunteering can make us feel connected and give us a sense of belonging. A．Don't charge into friendships，though. B．Start noticing your patterns of mentalities. C．If I was asked a question，panic would set in. D．No one can make you feel lower without your agreement. E．The feeling of being an outsider would force me to shut up. F．Try doing something to take yourself out of your comfort zone. G．We all feel a little lost and awkward sometimes—you're not the only one. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍避免自己成为局外人的建议。 1．解析　下文讲到“我”会努力组织语言，同时试图看起来很酷。由此可推知，此处说的是“我”被问到问题时会非常紧张与恐慌，C项符合语境。C项中的panic与空后一句中的“struggle for words while trying to look cool”呼应。故选C。 答案　C 2．解析　空前讲到“我”记得某个人说过的话，此处应该是这个人的话且与自己的想法或反应有关；结合空后的“让我感觉到像局外人的唯一的人就是我自己”可知，此处应该讲要认识到别人不能让你成为局外人，故选D项“没有人能不经过你的同意让你觉得低人一等”。 答案　D 3．解析　根据下文“It's OK to take your time...you will find the right people for you”(可以花点时间弄清楚你们是否适合彼此。相信你会找到适合你的人)可知，此处是说要花时间了解对方，不能急于建立友谊。A项“Don't charge into friendships，though”(不过，不要急于建立友谊)符合语境。其中的“friendships”与下文中的“the right fit for each other”和“the right people for you”属于同义转换。 答案　A 4．解析　空前讲到我们需要重新书写剧本，空后两句“你假设什么时候你会独自一人？你把什么恐惧投射到自己身上？”涉及人的心态，故此处是说人们需要关注自己的心态来改变自己，所以B项“开始注意你的心态模式”符合语境。 答案　B 5．解析　段落主旨句。下文讲到与陌生人互动可以让我们对自己的所有关系更自信，比如做志愿工作可以让我们感觉与别人相连并且能给我们一种归属感。所以该段主要讲述了要走出舒适区，接触新的事物，故F项“尝试做一些事情让自己走出舒适区”符合语境。 答案　F [二次精读] 核心 单词 random adj.不认识的；随机的，随意的　interaction n.互动，交流；相互影响，相互作用 核心 短语 leave...out不包括；不提及 in twos两人一组 on one's own独立地，自己一个人地 project sth onto sb(不自觉地)把(自己的感觉或问题)投射到别人身上 C (2025·南京、盐城二模)Growing up，I found the word Saturday almost equaled cleaning in my family.As soon as any child was able to use a dust cloth，he or she was assigned a chore (家务活). 1 Exceptions were made of course，but the older we grew，the more my parents expected us to balance these responsibilities. Chores were part of my family's way of functioning.We complained and tried to avoid them，but we never questioned why we did them.As a family，we all had roles in keeping the home running smoothly，and the responsibility grew with age. 2 When I was a kid，I knew when doing chores I was helping my family.It wasn't until I grew into adulthood that I realized that chores are more than a list of tasks. 3 Being assigned chores communicates that each family member is needed and that their action or non-action affects every single other person living under the same roof. Handling daily household chores is never easy，but doing them out of love for my family makes it manageable. 4 I enjoy jumping in to help whenever my parents need a hand.While working together，we have the chance to have meaningful conversations，share experiences，and build memories. 5 Household chores mean learning how to manage responsibility and understand kids' role，not to mention practicing discipline，time management，and selflessness.All these consequences would seem to tip the scales (天平) in favor of chores. A．It made sense to us，as much as we disliked it. B．They create a sense of belonging within a family. C．Household chores were a source of great stress for us. D．Actually，doing chores alongside my family can make them a joy. E．We had to complete our assigned chore before school assignments. F．Allowing children to share burdens helps them recognize their strengths. G．It also comes as no surprise that chores are important for personal growth. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。在作者家，“星期六”几乎等同于“打扫卫生”，只要家里的孩子到了能够使用抹布的年纪，就会被分配一项家务活，随着年龄的增长，承担的家务责任也越多。作者小时候知道做家务是在帮助家人，成年后意识到家务不仅仅是一系列的任务，它们能在一个家庭中营造出一种归属感。和家人一起做家务能增进交流、构建回忆，并且做家务对个人成长也很重要。 1．解析　空前讲只要家里的孩子到了能够使用抹布的年纪，就会被分配一项家务活，空后强调随着年龄的增长，父母越发期望孩子能够平衡好这些责任。E项“我们必须先完成分配给我们的家务活，然后再去做学校的作业”承接上文，进一步描述作者家对孩子做家务的要求，同时又引出下文关于平衡责任的话题。 答案　E 2．解析　空前讲作者他们会抱怨并试图逃避家务活，但从未质疑为什么要做家务。A项“尽管我们并不喜欢做家务，但对我们来说，做家务是有意义的”进一步解释了作者他们不质疑做家务的原因，即虽然不喜欢但觉得有意义。 答案　A 3．解析　空前讲成年后，作者意识到家务不仅仅是一系列的任务，空后讲被分配家务表明每个家庭成员都是被需要的，而且他们做或者不做这些家务会影响住在同一屋檐下的其他每一个人。B项“它们在家庭中创造了一种归属感”承上启下，选项中的They 指代上文的chores，选项中的“a sense of belonging”与空后的“each family member is needed”相呼应。 答案　B 4．解析　空前讲出于对家人的爱来做家务使得其变得易处理，空后提到一起做家务可以让大家有机会进行有意义的对话、分享经历、构建回忆。D项“实际上，和我的家人一起做家务能让这些家务变成乐趣”承接上文，同时引出下文对和家人一起做家务的好处的描述。 答案　D 5．解析　段落主旨句。空后讲家务活意味着要学会如何承担责任和理解孩子所扮演的角色，还能培养自律能力、时间管理能力以及无私的精神，强调了做家务对个人成长的重要意义。故 G项“家务活对个人成长很重要，这一点也不足为奇”最能概括本段内容。 答案　G [二次精读] 核心 单词 assign v.分配(某物)，分派，布置(工作、任务等)；指定，指派　discipline n.自制力，遵守纪律；行为准则　selflessness n.无私 派生 词汇 manage v.管理；运用；处理；经营；完成(困难的事)→management n.(成功的)处理手段，(有效的)处理能力；经营，管理→manageable adj.易控制的，易管理的，易处理的 熟词 生义 (1)communicate常用义：v.(与某人)交流(信息或消息、意见等)，沟通　文章义：v.传达，传递(想法、感情、思想等) (2)tip常用义：n.尖端，尖儿，端；提示 文章义：v.(使)倾斜，倾倒，翻覆 核心 短语 under the same roof在同一屋檐下　 not to mention sth.更不用说某事物了 tip the scales使天平倾斜，使结果倾向某方 专题微练17　阅读七选五——段尾句类 [对应学生用书P170] A (2025·长春第一次质检)Misinformation and other attempts at misleading the public are common on social media. 1 ·Never share a post without fact checking. This is especially true if it comes from a source you trust.If you want to spread the truth，you need to assume that other people aren't perfect and may make mistakes. 2 ·Look for the sources. Mainstream news is as good as the sources it relies on.Anonymous (匿名的) sources，or stories coming from only a single source are more suspect than stories with multiple sources of confirmation. 3 Many important leaks and stories have come from single anonymous sources. ·Consider the story's agenda. Stories are colored by the agendas of their writers.News organizations typically operate for money，and part of their brand (and thus their profits) lies in their accuracy.However，many news groups tailor their content to particular sections of customers，and thus are more likely to cover stories with a particular perspective. 4 Consequently，the stories are turned into preference with the preconceptions of their target audience. · 5 Injustices are things that make any ethical person upset or angry.A story that promotes emotion is not automatically false just because it arouses strong feelings.Unfortunately，cheaters know the power of emotion and use that tool in their work.Therefore，fact check before you share. A．Don't view stories with caution. B．This can weaken their accuracy. C．It doesn't mean that they are false. D．In this way you will be more cautious. E．Don't discount stories that play to emotions. F．The following tips may help you surf the Internet safely. G．Here are some steps to take to separate yourself from misinformation. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。针对社交媒体上的虚假信息和其他误导公众的企图，文章给我们提供了一些远离此类信息的建议。 1．解析　文章主旨句。空前句子提到虚假信息和其他误导公众的企图在社交媒体上很常见，下文给出了“Never share a post without fact checking”等建议，故空处应承接上文，并引出下文的建议。G项“这里有一些措施可以让你远离错误信息”符合语境。选项中的misinformation是原词复现，some steps是对下文的概述。 答案　G 2．解析　本段对应的建议是“永远不要在未核实真相的情况下分享帖子”，空前讲到你需要假定其他人并不完美，他们可能会犯错误。空处承接上文，应该说明这样做的好处，故D项“这样你会更加谨慎”符合语境。选项中的“this way”指代前面的“you need to assume...make mistakes”这一做法。 答案　D 3．解析　空前句子讲到匿名消息来源或者出处单一的故事比有多个确认来源的故事更不可信。空后讲到许多重要的消息泄露和故事都来自单一匿名来源。空处前后存在意义上的转折，所以空处起承上启下作用，表明匿名消息来源或者出处单一的故事虽然更不可靠，但也不一定就是假的，所以C项“这并不意味着它们是假的”符合语境。选项中的It指代上文讲到的“Anonymous (匿名的) sources...are more suspect...of confirmation”这种情况。 答案　C 4．解析　上文讲到许多新闻团队根据特定的客户群体定制内容，因此更有可能从特定的角度报道故事。空处应承接上文，说明“从特定的角度报道故事”这一做法带来的问题。故B项“这会削弱它们的准确性”符合语境。选项中的This 指代上文讲述的情况。 答案　B 5．解析　段落主旨句。分析文章结构可知，空处为一条建议，总结最后一段的内容。最后一段提到不公正的事情会让任何有道德的人感到不安或愤怒。一个能推动情绪的故事并不会因为它能唤起强烈的情感就必然是假的。不幸的是，骗子知道情绪的力量，并在他们的工作中利用这一工具。所以空处的建议应该与“情绪”有关。故E项“不要忽视那些迎合情绪的故事”符合语境。其中的关键词是emotions。 答案　E [二次精读] 核心 单词 assume v.假定，认为　mainstream adj.主流的 multiple adj.多的，许多的 leak n.(秘密信息的)透露 tailor v.根据特定需要制作，定做 perspective n.观点，(思考问题的)角度 false adj.假的，不真实的；错的 arouse v.激起，引起(感情、态度) 派生 词汇 information n.信息→misinformation n.错误的信息，不准确的信息 lead v.引导→mislead v.误导，引入歧途 confirm v.确认→confirmation n.确认书；证实 accurate adj.正确的，准确的；精确的→accuracy n.准确(性)；精确(程度) consequence n.结果，后果→consequent adj.随之发生的，作为结果的→consequently adv.因此，结果 prefer v.更喜欢→preference n.偏爱 concept n.概念，观念→conception n.概念，观念；想法→preconception n.事先形成的观念，先入之见，成见 automatic adj.自动的；无意识的，不假思索的；必然的→automatically adv.必然地，自动地；不假思索地，无意识地 熟词 生义 (1)suspect常用义：v.怀疑　n.嫌疑犯　 文章义：adj.不可信的，靠不住的 (2)agenda常用义：n.议事日程；(待办事项或待解决问题的)计划，方案　 文章义：(隐秘的)意图，目的 (3)color常用义：n.颜色　 文章义：v.(尤指负面的)影响 (4)discount常用义：n.折扣，打折　 文章义：v.忽视，不重视，低估 核心 短语 as good as与……几乎一样；几乎，简直是　lie in在于　play to取悦，迎合；利用 B (2025·吉林一模) How to Kick the Habit of Eating Processed Foods for Good? Basically，we all need a total sweetness reset in everything that we consume.“What I advocate is making small changes to your behaviour and reducing the amount of sugar in your diet systematically，” says Avena.“ 1 People who go cold turkey (突然戒除) may experience headaches，anxiety，sleeplessness and intense cravings.” Follow these expert-approved tips to get you on the right track： ·DO avoid processed foods.“Avoiding processed foods greatly reduces risk for obesity and other diseases，” says Van Horn.Processed foods tend to be items that include ten or ingredients，often with some you can't find in your kitchen. 2 ·DO read food labels.It's important to read ingredient lists carefully and watch for different names of sugar.“There are 50-plus names for sugar，” says McBurnett.“It can get very confusing.” 3 And when you're scanning the nutrition facts panel，a daily value (DV) of added sugar is acceptable between 5 percent and 20 percent. · 4 Naturally occurring sugars found in milk，fruits and vegetables，are nutritious.All this isn't to say that you will never again enjoy another slice of birthday cake or an ice-cold drink at the cinema.Your goal doesn't have to be going completely sugar-free. “Maybe you just want to get to a point where you feel you are at a comfortable level of consumption—as if you're in control，”says Avena.“ 5 ” A．DON'T avoid everything sweet. B．DO refuse all the processed foods. C．As a general rule，if it's an ingredient that ends in-ose，it's sugar. D．Some research has linked processed foods to negative health outcomes. E．Instead，healthy foods are usually the whole foods you can prepare at home. F．Doing this slowly，over time，is the best approach to avoiding withdrawal symptoms. G．But over time，consuming less added sugar is bound to actually make your life sweeter. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了逐步减少饮食中的糖和加工食品的一些方法。 1．解析　空前一句提到Avena提倡做出小小的改变并且系统性地减少饮食中的糖量，空后谈到突然戒断会带来头疼、焦虑、失眠和极度的渴望。因此空处应与Avena提倡这样做的原因衔接紧密。F项中的“Doing this slowly”与文中的“making small changes”和“systematically”相呼应，“withdrawal symptoms”与文中的“headaches，anxiety，sleeplessness and intense cravings”相呼应。 答案　F 2．解析　本段第一句为段落主旨句，提出要避免加工食物。上文提到加工食品往往包含十种或更多的成分，其中一些你在厨房里找不到，因此空处应与正确的做法或选择有关。故E项“相反，健康食物通常都是你在家就能准备的天然食品”符合语境。 答案　E 3．解析　空前提到我们要仔细阅读成分表并且留心不同名称的糖。糖有五十多个名称，这可能会让人非常困惑。C项“但是一般来说，一种成分如果是以-ose结尾的，那就是糖”符合语境。 答案　C 4．解析　段落主旨句。根据空后可知，牛奶、水果和蔬菜中天然存在的糖都是有营养的。也不是说你不可以吃一块生日蛋糕或者在电影院不喝冰冷的饮料。你的目标没有必要彻底戒糖。A项“不要避免任何甜的东西”能概括本段大意。 答案　A 5．解析　段尾总结句——构建段落完整性。上文谈到也许你只是想达到一种你觉得在你掌控之中的让人舒服的水平。G项“但是随着时间流逝，摄入较少的添加糖肯定会使你的生活更加甜蜜”是对上文内容的概括，符合语境。 答案　G [二次精读] 核心 单词 consume v.吃，喝；消耗，消费 advocate v.拥护，支持，提倡 intense adj.强烈的，剧烈的；激烈的 craving n.渴望，热望　obesity n.肥胖(症) ingredient n.(烹调用的) 成分，食材 label n.标签，标记 scan v.粗略地看，浏览，快读；扫描 派生 词汇 process v.加工，处理→processed adj.(食品)经加工的，加工过的　system n.系统；体制，制度→systematically adv.系统化地，有条理地 nutrition n.营养，滋养→nutritious adj.有营养的，营养丰富的 accept v.接受，同意做→acceptable adj.可接受的，令人满意的 核心 短语 kick the habit戒除恶习　for good永远　on the right tack思路正确 C (2025·贵阳摸底考试) How to Make Better Decisions Having too many choices can cause anxiety，but you can overcome decidophobia (决策恐惧). 1 Shall I，shan't I？When you're feeling overwhelmed (不知所措) with possibilities，it's often easier to do nothing.That's not a long-term solution，so try to focus on the really important issues and avoid sweating the small stuff.Be organized in your daily life—decide what you're going to wear the night before，eat the same breakfast every day，and know when you're going to do certain chores.That cuts down the number of options you have to weigh at any one time. Make it manageable.Follow a series of steps.First，write down the advantages and disadvantages of different options. 2 Consider how you feel about them，instead.Abandon all but the three or four most realistic courses of action.Next，gather information that will help with the decision，then seek advice from just a few people. 3 Set deadlines.To avoid decision paralysis (决策无能)，set yourself a firm but realistic date by which you need to have picked your preferred option. 4 Sleep on it.When you think you've come to the right conclusion，take a holiday or even just a day to think about something different before you actually commit. Trust yourself. 5 To give yourself confidence，list the decisions you've made in the past that have worked out well and consider whether choices you consider bad are really that disastrous. A．Cut down your decisions. B．Make all possible decisions. C．This will also prevent you from being in a dilemma. D．Making a decision is happy，but you're the one who is suitable. E．Don't simply think about the number of points for and against. F．It's often helpful if they're independent，rather than friends or family. G．Making a decision is scary，but you're the one who knows yourself best. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍如何做出更好的决定。 1．解析　本空位于段首，是段落主旨句。根据本段的“try to focus on the really important issues and avoid sweating the small stuff.Be organized in your daily life”“ That cuts down the number of options you have to weigh at any one time”可知，本段建议人们要试着集中注意力于真正重要的事情上，避免为鸡毛蒜皮的事烦心，在日常生活中有条理，这样就减少了在任何时候必须权衡的选择数量。故A项“减少你的决定”最能概括本段的主旨。 答案　A 2．解析　空前讲“写下不同选择的优点和缺点”，空后讲“相反，考虑你对它们的感觉”，故空处应该讲你应该如何正确对待选择的优缺点，E项“不要仅仅考虑优点和缺点的数量”符合语境。 答案　E 3．解析　空前讲“接下来，收集有助于做决定的信息，然后仅向几个人寻求建议”，空后应该对此建议作进一步的说明。F项“如果他们是独立的，而不是朋友或家人，这通常会有所帮助”承接上文，且选项中的 they指代空前的“a few people”。 答案　F 4．解析　本段建议设定最后期限。空前讲“为了避免决策无能，给自己设定一个坚定但现实的日期，你需要在这个日期之前选出你更喜欢的选项”。C项“这也将会防止你陷入两难境地”承接上文，进一步说明设定最后期限的另一个好处。 答案　C 5．解析　本段建议人们要相信自己，G项“做决定很可怕，但你是最了解自己的人”符合本段主旨。 答案　G [二次精读] 核心 单词 chore n.家庭杂务，日常琐事　commit v.郑重承诺，忠于，全心全意投入；(使)承诺，承担义务；犯(罪)，做(坏事或错事) 派生 词汇 manage v.完成(困难的事)，勉力完成；管理→management n.经营，管理→manageable adj.可操纵的，可处理的 real adj.真实的，实际存在的，非凭空想象的adv.非常，很→reality n.现实，实际情况；事实→realistic adj.实际的，实事求是的→ unrealistic adj.不现实的，不切实际的 disaster n.灾难，灾祸→disastrous adj.灾难性的，以失败告终的 熟词 生义 (1) sweat(Para.2)常用义：n.汗v.出汗，流汗文章义：v.对……感到担心(或紧张) (2)weigh(Para.2)常用义：v.重(若干)，重量是……　文章义：v.认真考虑，权衡，斟酌 核心 短语 a course of action处理事情的方式，做法 sleep on it(把重要的事)留待第二天决定 in a dilemma处在两难困境中 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $