专题02 Units 3～4 教材核心知识串讲（期末复习讲义）八年级英语上学期新教材外研版

该初中英语期末复习讲义通过对比表格、易混点框架图系统梳理Units 3~4的21个核心语法点，构建“词汇辨析-句型结构-语法功能”知识体系，如用表格对比spend/take/pay/cost的主语及搭配，以思维导图呈现make的多义用法，清晰呈现重难点内在联系。 讲义亮点在于分层练习设计，基础通关（单项选择）夯实语言能力，重难突破（首字母填空）结合生活情境培养思维品质，易混易错（词形转换）通过invent→invention等对比提升辨析能力，链接中考真题助力备考，支持学生自主规划复习，便于教师实施精准分层教学。

专题02 Units 3~4 教材核心知识串讲（期末复习讲义） 单元 语法点 常考题型 命题趋势 Unit 3-4 1.spend, take, pay与cost 2.lend 3.make 4.happen/take place 5.weigh 6. invention 7.what引导的感叹句 8.warn 9.trouble 10.risk 11.except, but与besides 12.development 13.bored 14.throw 15.let sb do sth 16.need 17.动词不定式(短语)作及物动词的宾语 18.动名词(短语)作及物动词的宾语 19.it作形式宾语,动词不定式(短语)作真正宾语 20.动词不定式作宾语补足语 21.有些动词既可接动词不定式作宾语，又可接动名词作宾语 单项选择 语法选择 语法填空等 1.注重素养：更加注重对学生英语核心素养的考查。 2.情境化突出：借助生活、学校、社会等多种情境，将语法考察与实际生活相结合。 3.文化传承与价值导向明显：注重选取具有文化内涵和思想价值的语篇。 知识点01 spend, take, pay与cost spend 主语通常是人 sb. spends time/money doing sth.某人花费时间/金钱做某事 sb. spends time/money on sth.某人在某事/某物上花费时间/金钱 take 通常用it作形式主语 it takes（sb.）some time to do sth.做某事花费（某人）多长时间 pay 主语通常是人 sb. pays some money for sth.某人为某物花费多少钱 cost 主语通常是物 sth. costs sb. some money某物花费某人多少钱 1.I 100 yuan on the present.我花了100元买这件礼物。 2.I am planning to pick up the new hobby in the summer holiday. I won’t my spare time on my mobile phone all day long. 我打算在暑假里培养新的爱好。我不会把业余时间都花在手机上。 3.It me 20 minutes to get to school.我花了20分钟到达学校。 4.We 150 yuan for the meal.这顿饭我们花了150元。 5.The schoolbag me 50 yuan.这个书包花了我50元。 知识点02 lend v. 帮助（某人）做事（尤指需要体力的事）；（给某人）搭把手 lend sb. a（helping）hand/ lend a（helping）hand to sb.帮助某人，向某人伸出援手 He was always glad to lend a helping hand.他总是乐于施以援手。 易｜错｜点｜拨 ［动词］借给；借出 对应词为borrow “借入；借来”。 lend sth. to sb. = lend sb. sth. 把某物借给某人 I lent my favourite book Mary. = I lent Mary my favourite book.我把自己最喜欢的书借给了玛丽。 知识点03 make make v.制作：制定：使变得；让 make a wish/make wishes许愿 make a plan/make plans制定计划 make a friend/make friends交朋友 make money赚钱 make sth制作某物 make sth to do sth制作某物去做某事 make sth for sb/sth为某人/某事制作某物 make sb/sth +名词 使某人/某物成为...... make sb/sth+形容词 使某人/某物处于......的状态 make sb/sth+do sth 使某人/某物去做某事 make sb/sth+done 使某人/某物被...... 易｜错｜点｜拨 be made of+原料 从制成品中可以看出原材料 be made from+原料 从制成品中一般看不出或难以分辨出原材料 be made in+产地 后接产地 be made by+制作者 其中介词by用来强调动作的执行者 be made into+成品 与be made of…和be made from…的意思正好相反 be made up of 后接组成的部分 知识点04 happen/take place 相同点：二者都有“发生”之意， 常用作：sth.happen/take place 而不能用happen/take place sth.即都为不及物动词，无被动语态。 不同点： （1） take place表示“发生，举行，举办”，一般指非偶然性事件的“发生”，即这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排。 Eg:Great changes have in my hometown in the last ten years.在过去的十年里我的家乡发生了很大变化。 （2）happen指偶然发生，具有不可预测性，主语一般是某事或某物。表示某人发生了什么事 常用sth.happen to sb.结构； happen作“碰巧”之意时，常用sb.happen to do sth.和It happens that从句结构。如： Eg:What happened to you？你发生了什么事？ Eg:I happened see him this morning.＝It happened that I saw him this morning.我今天早上碰巧看见了他。 知识点05 weigh v. 重，重量是…… 对重量提问常用“How much do/does...weigh?” “What do/does...weigh?”或“How heavy is/are...?”。 How much/What do you weigh?/How heavy are you? 你的体重是多少？ When Ya Ya was born in the Beijing Zoo, she weighed about 0.14 kilos.丫丫在北京动物园出生时大约140克重。 易｜错｜点｜拨 （1）weigh［动词］认真考虑；权衡 Laura spoke very slowly to people to weigh what she would say. 劳拉和人们说话非常慢，以便权衡她要说什么。 （2）weight［名词］重量；分量 put on/gain weight增加体重 lose weight减重 She 60 kilos months ago. Unsatisfied with that number, she decided to lose . 几个月前，她重60千克。由于对那个数字不满意，她决定减肥。 知识点06 invention n.发明（物）（如机器、工具、仪器等） 1.Necessity is the mother of .需求是发明之母。 2.Edison a lot of things. He is a great inventor and he is famous for his inventions. 爱迪生发明了许多东西。他是一位伟大的发明家，他因他的发明物而闻名。 知识点07 what引导的感叹句 本句结构为：What+a/an（+形容词）+单数名词！ What a beautiful garden!多么漂亮的花园啊！ What a surprise！真是没料到的事！ 拓展 what型感叹句的其他结构： （1）What+形容词+可数名词复数（+主语+谓语）！ interesting movies（they are）!（它们是）多么有趣的电影啊！ （2）What+形容词+不可数名词（+主语+谓语）！ delicious food!多么美味的食物啊！ 知识点08 warn v.警告，告诫；提醒 1.I warned her near the dog.我警告她不要靠近那条狗。 2.The message warned us possible danger.这条信息警告我们注意潜在的危险。 3.He warned me going there at night.他告诫我不要晚上去那儿。 4.Experts warn that too much chocolate is bad for health.专家警告说吃太多巧克力对健康有害。 知识点09 trouble v. 使忧虑，使苦恼 This latest news troubled him deeply.这个最新消息使他深为烦恼。 拓展 （1）［及物动词］麻烦 trouble sb. to do sth.麻烦某人做某事 trouble sb. with sth.因某事麻烦某人 Could I you to open the window?麻烦你把窗户打开好吗？ I don’t want to trouble the doctor with such a small .我不想因为这个小毛病麻烦医生。 （2）［不可数名词］麻烦；困境 be in trouble 遇到麻烦;处于困难中 get/run into trouble陷入困境 be out of trouble摆脱困境 have trouble with sth.在某事上有困难 have trouble（in）doing sth. 做某事有麻烦/困难 1.When you are at school, your friends will help you.当你在学校遇到麻烦时，你的朋友会帮你。 2.If I don’t get this finished on time, I’ll get trouble.我如果不把此事按时完成，就会陷入困境。 3.We have trouble working the problem.我们解出这道题有困难。 知识点10 risk n.冒险举动 ［可数名词］&［不可数名词］ take risks/take a risk冒险 the risk of...……的风险 at risk处境危险,受到威胁 take/run the risk of doing sth.冒险做某事 cut down the risk of...降低……的风险 1.We do not expect untrained people to take .我们不希望未经培训的人员去冒险。 2.We don’t want to run the of losing their business.我们不想冒失去他们的生意的风险。 ［动词］冒……的危险；冒险做；使冒风险 risk one’s life冒着生命危险 risk doing sth.冒险做某事 He who risks nothing, gains nothing. 不入虎穴，焉得虎子。 3.It takes lots of love and courage to their own lives to save someone else’s.冒着他们自己的生命危险去救别人需要很多爱和勇气。 4.Don’t risk the machine yourself.不要冒险自己去操作机器。 知识点11 except, but与besides except 除……之外（不包括其后的名词） 常用于同类事物的排除，指从整体中减去一部分，不包括内。 but 除……之外（不包括其后的名词） 常用于不定代词all、none以及由no、every和any构成的复合不定代词等词之后。 besides 除……之外（还）（包括其后的词） 指在整体上包括除去的部分，即“包括在内”。 1.Don’t share your passwords with anyone your parents. 不要与父母以外的任何人分享你的密码。（密码只能告诉父母） 2.There’s nothing a desk in the room.房间里除了一张书桌外什么也没有。（房间里只有一张书桌） 3. . .the painting show, a speech competition gets tons of attention. 除了画展，演讲比赛也备受关注。（画展和演讲比赛都受关注） 知识点12 development n. 进步，发展 ［不可数名词］由“develop（v.发展）+ -ment（名词后缀）”构成。 the development of ……的发展 China’s space station entered its application and development stage.中国空间站进入应用和发展阶段。 Maybe we will be able to live on another planet with the development of space technology.随着航天技术的发展，也许我们将能够生活在另一个星球上。 易｜错｜点｜拨 develop的相关词： France is a country, while China is a country. With the of technology, China is becoming stronger and stronger.法国是发达国家，而中国是发展中国家。随着科技的发展，中国变得越来越强大。 知识点13 bored adj. 厌烦的，不感兴趣的 be/feel/get bored with 对……感到厌烦 A huge difference between AI and humans is that robots don’t create new things, and they don’t get bored with things. AI和人类的一个巨大区别是，机器人不会创造新的东西，也不会对事情感到厌倦。 bored与boring bored 厌倦的；烦闷的 常作表语，用来描述人的感受。 boring 没趣的；令人厌倦（或厌烦）的 可作表语或定语，常用来说明或描述事物。 Doing the housework makes me feel bored.做这些无聊的家务令我感到厌倦。 在英语中，以-ed结尾的形容词通常用来描述人，表示“感到……的”；以-ing结尾的形容词通常用来描述事物，表示“令人……的”。常见的还有： 感兴趣的 有趣的 放松的 令人放松的 激动的 令人激动的 惊奇的 令人吃惊的 知识点14 throw v. 投，扔，抛，掷 1.We can’t throw used batteries . Instead, they should be collected for special treatment. 我们不能扔掉废电池。相反，它们应该被收集起来，进行特殊处理。 2.She threw the bag and stood up from the chair.她扔下袋子，从椅子上站了起来。 知识点15 let sb do sth让某人做某事 to do 作宾语补足语时，表达在主句谓语动词之后发生动作 to do 作宾语补足语时，需要注意主动语态省略to,被动语态还原to的情况 （当主句谓语动词是一感，二听，三让，四看）。 注意： to do 作宾语补足语时，省略to的情况 （主动语态省略to;被动语态还原to） 一感、二听、三让、四看+宾语+ do 时,把to省略. 一感:feel +宾语+do sth 二听:listen to ; hear 三让:let ; have ; make 四看:look at ; see ; watch ; notice Eg: My mother encourages me to study hard. My mother makes me to the teacher carefully. --I am made to to the teacher carefully (by my mother). 知识点16 need need n.需要 in need of...需要.... There is no need to do sth没有必要做某事 vt.需要 need sb/sth to do sth需要某人/物去做某事 sb need to do sth某人需要去做某事 sth need doing sth=sth need to be done 需要被做 情态动词.需要 needn’t do sth 不需要做某事 =don’t need to do sth =don’t have to do sth Need...do sth? Yes,...must. No,...needn’t./No,...don’t have to. 知识点17动词不定式(短语)作及物动词的宾语 结构:vt.+to do sth 　　常见的以不定式作宾语的动词有agree、apply、ask、begin、choose(宁愿)、continue、decide、expect、fail、forget、hate、help、hope、learn、like、mean、need、offer(愿意)、plan、prepare(准备)、prefer、promise(承诺)、refuse、remember、start、try、want、wish等。 They plan to arrive some time after three o'clock this Sunday afternoon. 他们预计在这周日下午三点以后的某个时候到达。 She is hoping to win the gold medal. 她希望获得金牌。 易｜错｜点｜拨 help跟不定式作宾语时,可带to,也可不带to。 She helped (to) organise the party. 她协助筹备了聚会。 知识点18 动名词(短语)作及物动词的宾语 结构:vt.+doing 　　常跟动名词(短语)作宾语的及物动词有advise、allow、avoid、complete、consider、enjoy、excuse、fail、finish、imagine、keep、mind、miss、practise、risk、stop、suggest、support、understand等和大量动介型短语动词,如feel like、give up、look forward to等。 He advised a house in the country for the summer. 他建议在乡下租一所房子度夏。 He suggests a meeting and letting the workers decide the matter themselves. 他建议召开一次会议,让工人们自己决定此事。 知识点19it作形式宾语,动词不定式(短语)作真正宾语 结构:vt.+it+宾语补足语(+for sb)+to do sth(真正宾语) 　　动词不定式(短语)作宾语时,如果宾语后边带有宾语补足语,这时就要用it作形式宾语,将作真正宾语的不定式(短语)移到宾语补足语之后。常用it作形式宾语的动词有believe、consider、feel、find、make、realise、suppose、think、understand等。 They found impossible to get everything ready in time. 他们发现要及时做好一切准备是不可能的。 We consider our duty to do so. 我们认为这样做是我们的责任。 I have made a rule of my life never to look back.我已把永不向后看定为我的生活准则。 I think better for you to do the work another way. 我认为你最好用另一种方法做这工作。 知识点20 动词不定式作宾语补足语 　动词不定式作宾语补足语时,宾语是不定式的逻辑主语,不定式用来补充说明宾语的情况。 类别 用法 例词 带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语 用于表示命令、教导、要求、允许、意向、起因、使、禁止、劝告、警告等意义的动词之后 advise(建议)、allow(允许)、ask(要求)、cause(导致)、drive(迫使)、encourage(鼓励)、expect(期待)、invite(邀请)、order(命令)、prefer(更喜欢)、teach(教)、tell(吩咐)、 train(训练)、want(想要,希望)、warn(警告)、wish(希望)、would like(想要)等 不带to 的动词 不定式 作宾语 补足语 ①表示生理感觉的动词后跟动词不定式作宾语补足语时,不定式前常省去to。 feel(感受到)、hear(听到)、see(看到)、watch(看)、notice(注意到)等 ②表示致使、让等意义的动词后跟动词不定式作宾语补足语时,不定式前常省去to。 have(让)、let(让)、make(促使)等 Schools don't allow students play ball games in classrooms. 学校不允许学生在教室里玩球类运动。 I saw you the key in your pocket.我看见你把钥匙放进口袋里了。 His words made everyone . 他的话让大家都笑了。 知识点21 有些动词既可接动词不定式作宾语，又可接动名词作宾语 remember to do sth.记得要做某事 regret to do sth对要做的事情表示遗憾。 remember doing sth.记得做过某事 regret doing sth对做过的事情表示后悔 forget to do sth.忘记要做某事 mean to do sth打算做某事 forget doing sth.忘记做过某事 mean doing sth意味着做某事 try to do sth. 设法做某事；努力做某事 continue to do sth继续做另外一件事 try doing sth.试着做某事 continue doing sth继续做原来的事 mean to do sth.打算做某事 can’t help to do sth不能帮助做某事 mean doing sth.意味着做某事 can’t help doing sth情不自禁做某事 基础通关（测试时间：10分钟） 1. —How much is the ticket to Inner Mongolia? —A one-way ticket ________ 1800 yuan, and you can ________ another 300 yuan for a round-trip. A. costs; pay B. cost; spend C. pay; spend D. spends; pay 2. The astronauts are preparing for a new ________ of the moon. A. curiosity B. doubt C. agreement D. exploration 3. —How did Jiang Xunqian make Queshan Iron Flower (打铁花) popular online? —She spent as much time as possible ________ the skills. A. practised B. to practise C. practising D. to practising 4. The movie is ________ interesting ________ all the students want to watch it again. A. too; to B. so; that C. such; that D. enough; to 5. It ________ ten years since my uncle ________ to work in Beijing. A. is; went B. has been; has gone C. was; went D. has been; went 6．Our English teacher often encourages us ________ English loudly in class. A．speaks B．speak C．speaking D．to speak 7．_________ yourself _________ better, you can take this medicine three times a day. A．To make; feel B．Make; feel C．Making; to feel D．Make; to feel 8．We’d better use paper boxes instead of plastic ones ________ protect the environment. A．so that B．so as to C．in order not to D．in order that 9．We should work hard ________ people throwing rubbish everywhere. A．to stop B．stop C．stopped D．stopping 10．My teacher asked us ________ loudly in the classroom. A．not talk B．not to talk C．talk not D．to not talk 重难突破（测试时间：10分钟） 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 How would you feel if moving to a new town meant losing track of your friends? What if the only way of getting news from faraway friends was writing letters? This was how things worked not very long ago. Thanks to advances in technology, the way to make friends and c 1 with them has changed. Nowadays, we can move around the world and still stay in t 2 with the people that we want to remain friends with. Social media t 3 let us see what our friends are doing. All you need is a wi-fi connection. The digital age also enables us to find people who have interests, such as collecting model cars or p 4 an unusual instrument. We can communicate(交流) with others who also enjoy doing them, even if they live on the other 5 of the world. But when you “friend” people online, does this mean that they really are your friends? If people always show true personal i 6 online, these friendships can be real and meaningful. But we need to remember what we see on social media is often not the whole t 7 about a person. On social media sites, people post only good news. But smiling photos can h 8 real problems. Remember the saying: on the internet, a young person could be old; a woman could be a m 9 . But this doesn't mean that we can believe nothing. A 10 technology has changed the way we get friends, the meaning of friendship and our longing for friends remain the same. As Aristotle said, no one would choose to live without friends, even if he had all other goods. 易混易错（测试时间：10分钟） 1.My mother doesn't allow me _____(go) to the movies with my friends. 2.He was a great inventor and had a lot of useful __________(in-vent) in his whole life. 3.The brain makes up 2% of our body ______(weigh) but uses about a fifth of the energy we get from food. 4.The girl had a hard time ____________(remember) new words, so she needed help. 5.There is an _____________(advertise) for the sale. 6.The policeman warned the thief ________(put) up his hands and stand outside. 7.I think the Internet is one of the most useful __________(invent)in our life. 8.We ran to the bus station _________(quick) because we didn't have enough time. 9.All of this water goes __________(direct) to the camel's blood cells. 10.He thought it was one of the most ________(wide) used human-like robots for research and education. 11. It ____________(complete) changed the way he saw life's challenges. 12.What an ____________(expected) thing it is! We can't believe that it is true. 13.Students have found that they look forward to __________(spend) time in the garden each week. 14.The big trains laughed at the little one, but _________(final) Thomas was chosen for the job. 15.This is a cash _________(pay). He is an old man and he only uses cash. 16.With the ____________(develop) of the technology, nobody knows what the world will be like. 17.When I was turning thirty years old,a friend asked me _________(share) my biggest regret in life. 18.She wanted me _________(take) her place for two weeks. 19.To solve this problem, we should _________(simple) turn off some lights at night. 20.I felt very _______(bore) when I listened to the speech. I wanted to leave the hall. 21.You can't speak English well. That is one of your _____________(advantage). 22.They had a ______________(disagree) about the plan, so they argued a lot. 23.He has the raise in pocket money because he spends money _________(wise). 24.Food ________(safe) is important, and it doesn't end at our door. 25.I'm sorry to tell you that I ________(agree) with you. I think my idea is much better. 26.The Internet is very ________(use) and we can get a lot of information from it. 27.The compass hugely improved the trade and _______________(communicate) between countries. 28.Mr. Zhang is a good teacher and he can explain all the problems _______(clear). 链接中考（测试时间：15分钟） （2025·天津南开·二模）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 A set of photos of a boy carrying his tennis rackets (球拍) in a bamboo basket has gone viral (走红). The boy, Wang Fa, 14, is a m 1 of the Va ethnic group (佤族) from Yunnan. After winning the under-14 title (冠军) at the ASICS Tennis Junior Tour in Guangzhou, one of his fans from Yunnan gave him the bamboo basket as a g 2 and the photos were taken. “We always carry bamboo baskets when we work in the f 3 . This is a typical farming t 4 of the Va ethnic group. I carried my rackets in this basket to honor (致敬) my home town,” Wang Fa said after the match. Before tennis, Wang Fa was just an ordinary boy from a village. But in 2016, he was c 5 by a local club as one of the first 10 local children to learn to play professional (专业的) tennis. “I was n 6 at the beginning because the outside world was so different from my home.” he said, adding that tennis has helped him make more friends and get a b 7 education. Over the past six years, Wang Fa, along with other players at the Yunnan Wild Elephants Tennis Club, has trained hard to i 8 his skills and physical strength. The children would get up at 6:30 am and practice for more than six hours a day. Every day, they needed to swing a racket more than 7,000 times and run 9 kilometers. Wang Fa’s parents did not want him to learn tennis at first because they could not afford it. But the tennis club o 9 to teach him for free. For Wang Fa, winning the ASICS Tennis Junior Tour title was the beginning of a hopeful f 10 . “I will aim (瞄准) for the top spots on the professional stage,” he said. 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 Units 3~4 教材核心知识串讲（期末复习讲义） 单元 语法点 常考题型 命题趋势 Unit 3-4 1.spend, take, pay与cost 2.lend 3.make 4.happen/take place 5.weigh 6. invention 7.what引导的感叹句 8.warn 9.trouble 10.risk 11.except, but与besides 12.development 13.bored 14.throw 15.let sb do sth 16.need 17.动词不定式(短语)作及物动词的宾语 18.动名词(短语)作及物动词的宾语 19.it作形式宾语,动词不定式(短语)作真正宾语 20.动词不定式作宾语补足语 21.有些动词既可接动词不定式作宾语，又可接动名词作宾语 单项选择 语法选择 语法填空等 1.注重素养：更加注重对学生英语核心素养的考查。 2.情境化突出：借助生活、学校、社会等多种情境，将语法考察与实际生活相结合。 3.文化传承与价值导向明显：注重选取具有文化内涵和思想价值的语篇。 知识点01 spend, take, pay与cost spend 主语通常是人 sb. spends time/money doing sth.某人花费时间/金钱做某事 sb. spends time/money on sth.某人在某事/某物上花费时间/金钱 take 通常用it作形式主语 it takes（sb.）some time to do sth.做某事花费（某人）多长时间 pay 主语通常是人 sb. pays some money for sth.某人为某物花费多少钱 cost 主语通常是物 sth. costs sb. some money某物花费某人多少钱 1.I spent 100 yuan on the present.我花了100元买这件礼物。 2.I am planning to pick up the new hobby in the summer holiday. I won’t spend my spare time on my mobile phone all day long. 我打算在暑假里培养新的爱好。我不会把业余时间都花在手机上。 3.It took me 20 minutes to get to school.我花了20分钟到达学校。 4.We paid 150 yuan for the meal.这顿饭我们花了150元。 5.The schoolbag cost me 50 yuan.这个书包花了我50元。 知识点02 lend v. 帮助（某人）做事（尤指需要体力的事）；（给某人）搭把手 lend sb. a（helping）hand/ lend a（helping）hand to sb.帮助某人，向某人伸出援手 He was always glad to lend a helping hand.他总是乐于施以援手。 易｜错｜点｜拨 ［动词］借给；借出 对应词为borrow “借入；借来”。 lend sth. to sb. = lend sb. sth. 把某物借给某人 I lent my favourite book to Mary. = I lent Mary my favourite book.我把自己最喜欢的书借给了玛丽。 知识点03 make make v.制作：制定：使变得；让 make a wish/make wishes许愿 make a plan/make plans制定计划 make a friend/make friends交朋友 make money赚钱 make sth制作某物 make sth to do sth制作某物去做某事 make sth for sb/sth为某人/某事制作某物 make sb/sth +名词 使某人/某物成为...... make sb/sth+形容词 使某人/某物处于......的状态 make sb/sth+do sth 使某人/某物去做某事 make sb/sth+done 使某人/某物被...... 易｜错｜点｜拨 be made of+原料 某物由……制造而成 从制成品中可以看出原材料 be made from+原料 某物由……制造而成 从制成品中一般看不出或难以分辨出原材料 be made in+产地 某物由某地制造 后接产地 be made by+制作者 某物由某个人或集体制造而成 其中介词by用来强调动作的执行者 be made into+成品 某种原料制成某物 与be made of…和be made from…的意思正好相反 be made up of 某物由……组成或构成 后接组成的部分 知识点04 happen/take place 相同点：二者都有“发生”之意， 常用作：sth.happen/take place 而不能用happen/take place sth.即都为不及物动词，无被动语态。 不同点： （1） take place表示“发生，举行，举办”，一般指非偶然性事件的“发生”，即这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排。 Eg:Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the last ten years.在过去的十年里我的家乡发生了很大变化。 （2）happen指偶然发生，具有不可预测性，主语一般是某事或某物。表示某人发生了什么事 常用sth.happen to sb.结构； happen作“碰巧”之意时，常用sb.happen to do sth.和It happens that从句结构。如： Eg:What happened to you？你发生了什么事？ Eg:I happened to see him this morning.＝It happened that I saw him this morning.我今天早上碰巧看见了他。 知识点05 weigh v. 重，重量是…… 对重量提问常用“How much do/does...weigh?” “What do/does...weigh?”或“How heavy is/are...?”。 How much/What do you weigh?/How heavy are you? 你的体重是多少？ When Ya Ya was born in the Beijing Zoo, she weighed about 0.14 kilos.丫丫在北京动物园出生时大约140克重。 易｜错｜点｜拨 （1）weigh［动词］认真考虑；权衡 Laura spoke very slowly to people to weigh what she would say. 劳拉和人们说话非常慢，以便权衡她要说什么。 （2）weight［名词］重量；分量 put on/gain weight增加体重 lose weight减重 She weighed 60 kilos months ago. Unsatisfied with that number, she decided to lose weight. 几个月前，她重60 千克。由于对那个数字不满意，她决定减肥。 知识点06 invention n.发明（物）（如机器、工具、仪器等） 1.Necessity is the mother of invention.需求是发明之母。 2.Edison invented a lot of things. He is a great inventor and he is famous for his inventions. 爱迪生发明了许多东西。他是一位伟大的发明家，他因他的发明物而闻名。 知识点07 what引导的感叹句 本句结构为：What+a/an（+形容词）+单数名词！ What a beautiful garden!多么漂亮的花园啊！ What a surprise！真是没料到的事！ 拓展 what型感叹句的其他结构： （1）What+形容词+可数名词复数（+主语+谓语）！ What interesting movies（they are）!（它们是）多么有趣的电影啊！ （2）What+形容词+不可数名词（+主语+谓语）！ What delicious food!多么美味的食物啊！ 知识点08 warn v.警告，告诫；提醒 1.I warned her not to go near the dog.我警告她不要靠近那条狗。 2.The message warned us of/about possible danger.这条信息警告我们注意潜在的危险。 3.He warned me against going there at night.他告诫我不要晚上去那儿。 4.Experts warn that eating too much chocolate is bad for health.专家警告说吃太多巧克力对健康有害。 知识点09 trouble v. 使忧虑，使苦恼 This latest news troubled him deeply.这个最新消息使他深为烦恼。 拓展 （1）［及物动词］麻烦 trouble sb. to do sth.麻烦某人做某事 trouble sb. with sth.因某事麻烦某人 Could I trouble you to open the window?麻烦你把窗户打开好吗？ I don’t want to trouble the doctor with such a small problem.我不想因为这个小毛病麻烦医生。 （2）［不可数名词］麻烦；困境 be in trouble 遇到麻烦;处于困难中 get/run into trouble陷入困境 be out of trouble摆脱困境 have trouble with sth.在某事上有困难 have trouble（in）doing sth. 做某事有麻烦/困难 1.When you are in trouble at school, your friends will help you.当你在学校遇到麻烦时，你的朋友会帮你。 2.If I don’t get this finished on time, I’ll get into trouble.我如果不把此事按时完成，就会陷入困境。 3.We have trouble working out the problem.我们解出这道题有困难。 知识点10 risk n.冒险举动 ［可数名词］&［不可数名词］ take risks/take a risk冒险 the risk of...……的风险 at risk处境危险,受到威胁 take/run the risk of doing sth.冒险做某事 cut down the risk of...降低……的风险 1.We do not expect untrained people to take risks.我们不希望未经培训的人员去冒险。 2.We don’t want to run the risk of losing their business.我们不想冒失去他们的生意的风险。 ［动词］冒……的危险；冒险做；使冒风险 risk one’s life冒着生命危险 risk doing sth.冒险做某事 He who risks nothing, gains nothing. 不入虎穴，焉得虎子。 3.It takes lots of love and courage to risk their own lives to save someone else’s.冒着他们自己的生命危险去救别人需要很多爱和勇气。 4.Don’t risk running the machine yourself.不要冒险自己去操作机器。 知识点11 except, but与besides except 除……之外（不包括其后的名词） 常用于同类事物的排除，指从整体中减去一部分，不包括内。 but 除……之外（不包括其后的名词） 常用于不定代词all、none以及由no、every和any构成的复合不定代词等词之后。 besides 除……之外（还）（包括其后的词） 指在整体上包括除去的部分，即“包括在内”。 1.Don’t share your passwords with anyone except your parents. 不要与父母以外的任何人分享你的密码。（密码只能告诉父母） 2.There’s nothing but a desk in the room.房间里除了一张书桌外什么也没有。（房间里只有一张书桌） 3.Besides. .the painting show, a speech competition gets tons of attention. 除了画展，演讲比赛也备受关注。（画展和演讲比赛都受关注） 知识点12 development n. 进步，发展 ［不可数名词］由“develop（v.发展）+ -ment（名词后缀）”构成。 the development of ……的发展 China’s space station entered its application and development stage.中国空间站进入应用和发展阶段。 Maybe we will be able to live on another planet with the development of space technology.随着航天技术的发展，也许我们将能够生活在另一个星球上。 易｜错｜点｜拨 develop的相关词： France is a developed country, while China is a developing country. With the development of technology, China is becoming stronger and stronger.法国是发达国家，而中国是发展中国家。随着科技的发展，中国变得越来越强大。 知识点13 bored adj. 厌烦的，不感兴趣的 be/feel/get bored with 对……感到厌烦 A huge difference between AI and humans is that robots don’t create new things, and they don’t get bored with things. AI和人类的一个巨大区别是，机器人不会创造新的东西，也不会对事情感到厌倦。 bored与boring bored 厌倦的；烦闷的 常作表语，用来描述人的感受。 boring 没趣的；令人厌倦（或厌烦）的 可作表语或定语，常用来说明或描述事物。 Doing the boring housework makes me feel bored.做这些无聊的家务令我感到厌倦。 在英语中，以-ed结尾的形容词通常用来描述人，表示“感到……的”；以-ing结尾的形容词通常用来描述事物，表示“令人……的”。常见的还有： interested 感兴趣的 interesting 有趣的 relaxed 放松的 relaxing 令人放松的 excited 激动的 exciting 令人激动的 surprised 惊奇的 surprising 令人吃惊的 知识点14 throw v. 投，扔，抛，掷 1.We can’t throw used batteries away. Instead, they should be collected for special treatment. 我们不能扔掉废电池。相反，它们应该被收集起来，进行特殊处理。 2.She threw down the bag and stood up from the chair.她扔下袋子，从椅子上站了起来。 知识点15 let sb do sth让某人做某事 to do 作宾语补足语时，表达在主句谓语动词之后发生动作 to do 作宾语补足语时，需要注意主动语态省略to,被动语态还原to的情况 （当主句谓语动词是一感，二听，三让，四看）。 注意： to do 作宾语补足语时，省略to的情况 （主动语态省略to;被动语态还原to） 一感、二听、三让、四看+宾语+ do 时,把to省略. 一感:feel +宾语+do sth 二听:listen to ; hear 三让:let ; have ; make 四看:look at ; see ; watch ; notice Eg: My mother encourages me to study hard. My mother makes me listen to the teacher carefully. --I am made to listen to the teacher carefully (by my mother). 知识点16 need need n.需要 in need of...需要.... There is no need to do sth没有必要做某事 vt.需要 need sb/sth to do sth需要某人/物去做某事 sb need to do sth某人需要去做某事 sth need doing sth=sth need to be done 需要被做 情态动词.需要 needn’t do sth 不需要做某事 =don’t need to do sth =don’t have to do sth Need...do sth? Yes,...must. No,...needn’t./No,...don’t have to. 知识点17动词不定式(短语)作及物动词的宾语 结构:vt.+to do sth 　　常见的以不定式作宾语的动词有agree、apply、ask、begin、choose(宁愿)、continue、decide、expect、fail、forget、hate、help、hope、learn、like、mean、need、offer(愿意)、plan、prepare(准备)、prefer、promise(承诺)、refuse、remember、start、try、want、wish等。 They plan to arrive some time after three o'clock this Sunday afternoon. 他们预计在这周日下午三点以后的某个时候到达。 She is hoping to win the gold medal. 她希望获得金牌。 易｜错｜点｜拨 help跟不定式作宾语时,可带to,也可不带to。 She helped (to) organise the party. 她协助筹备了聚会。 知识点18 动名词(短语)作及物动词的宾语 结构:vt.+doing 　　常跟动名词(短语)作宾语的及物动词有advise、allow、avoid、complete、consider、enjoy、excuse、fail、finish、imagine、keep、mind、miss、practise、risk、stop、suggest、support、understand等和大量动介型短语动词,如feel like、give up、look forward to等。 He advised taking a house in the country for the summer. 他建议在乡下租一所房子度夏。 He suggests calling a meeting and letting the workers decide the matter themselves. 他建议召开一次会议,让工人们自己决定此事。 知识点19it作形式宾语,动词不定式(短语)作真正宾语 结构:vt.+it+宾语补足语(+for sb)+to do sth(真正宾语) 　　动词不定式(短语)作宾语时,如果宾语后边带有宾语补足语,这时就要用it作形式宾语,将作真正宾语的不定式(短语)移到宾语补足语之后。常用it作形式宾语的动词有believe、consider、feel、find、make、realise、suppose、think、understand等。 They found it impossible to get everything ready in time. 他们发现要及时做好一切准备是不可能的。 We consider it our duty to do so. 我们认为这样做是我们的责任。 I have made it a rule of my life never to look back.我已把永不向后看定为我的生活准则。 I think it better for you to do the work another way. 我认为你最好用另一种方法做这工作。 知识点20 动词不定式作宾语补足语 　动词不定式作宾语补足语时,宾语是不定式的逻辑主语,不定式用来补充说明宾语的情况。 类别 用法 例词 带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语 用于表示命令、教导、要求、允许、意向、起因、使、禁止、劝告、警告等意义的动词之后 advise(建议)、allow(允许)、ask(要求)、cause(导致)、drive(迫使)、encourage(鼓励)、expect(期待)、invite(邀请)、order(命令)、prefer(更喜欢)、teach(教)、tell(吩咐)、 train(训练)、want(想要,希望)、warn(警告)、wish(希望)、would like(想要)等 不带to 的动词 不定式 作宾语 补足语 ①表示生理感觉的动词后跟动词不定式作宾语补足语时,不定式前常省去to。 feel(感受到)、hear(听到)、see(看到)、watch(看)、notice(注意到)等 ②表示致使、让等意义的动词后跟动词不定式作宾语补足语时,不定式前常省去to。 have(让)、let(让)、make(促使)等 Schools don't allow students to play ball games in classrooms. 学校不允许学生在教室里玩球类运动。 I saw you put the key in your pocket.我看见你把钥匙放进口袋里了。 His words made everyone laugh. 他的话让大家都笑了。 知识点21 有些动词既可接动词不定式作宾语，又可接动名词作宾语 remember to do sth.记得要做某事 regret to do sth对要做的事情表示遗憾。 remember doing sth.记得做过某事 regret doing sth对做过的事情表示后悔 forget to do sth.忘记要做某事 mean to do sth打算做某事 forget doing sth.忘记做过某事 mean doing sth意味着做某事 try to do sth. 设法做某事；努力做某事 continue to do sth继续做另外一件事 try doing sth.试着做某事 continue doing sth继续做原来的事 mean to do sth.打算做某事 can’t help to do sth不能帮助做某事 mean doing sth.意味着做某事 can’t help doing sth情不自禁做某事 基础通关（测试时间：10分钟） 1. —How much is the ticket to Inner Mongolia? —A one-way ticket ________ 1800 yuan, and you can ________ another 300 yuan for a round-trip. A. costs; pay B. cost; spend C. pay; spend D. spends; pay 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——去内蒙古的票多少钱？——单程票花费1800元，你可以再付300元买一张往返票。 考查动词辨析。cost花费，主语是物，常用结构为“sth. cost(s) (sb.) + 金钱”；pay支付，主语是人，常用结构为“sb. pay(s) + 金钱 + for sth.”；spend花费，主语是人，常用结构为“sb. spend(s) + 金钱/时间 + on sth./ (in) doing sth.”。根据语境可知，第一空主语是“A one-way ticket”，是物，所以用costs；第二空主语是“you”，是人，且后面有“for a round-trip”，所以用pay。故选A。 2. The astronauts are preparing for a new ________ of the moon. A. curiosity B. doubt C. agreement D. exploration 【答案】D 【解析】句意：宇航员正在为一次新的月球探索做准备。 考查名词辨析。curiosity好奇心；doubt怀疑；agreement协议；exploration探索。根据“are preparing for a new...of the moon”可知，宇航员准备去月球，应是一次探索任务。故选D。 3. —How did Jiang Xunqian make Queshan Iron Flower (打铁花) popular online? —She spent as much time as possible ________ the skills. A. practised B. to practise C. practising D. to practising 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——江寻千是如何让确山铁花在网络上走红的？——她花了尽可能多的时间来练习这项技能。 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句子已有谓语动词“spent”，所以此处应用非谓语动词；根据固定搭配“spend time (in) doing sth.”表示“花费时间做某事”，其中in可省略，所以此处应用动名词形式practising作宾语。故选C。 4. The movie is ________ interesting ________ all the students want to watch it again. A. too; to B. so; that C. such; that D. enough; to 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这部电影如此有趣，以至于所有学生都想再看一遍。 考查结果状语从句。too...to...太……而不能……，to后接动词原形；so...that...如此……以至于……，that后接完整的句子；such...that...如此……以至于……，that后接完整的句子；enough...to...足够……去做……，to后接动词原形。分析句子可知，“all the students want to watch it again”是完整的句子，所以排除A项和D项；interesting是形容词，所以第一空填so，such后接名词，排除C项。故选B。 5. It ________ ten years since my uncle ________ to work in Beijing. A. is; went B. has been; has gone C. was; went D. has been; went 【答案】D 【解析】句意：自从我叔叔去北京工作已经有十年的时间了。 考查时态。 根据“since + 一般过去时从句”搭配现在完成时可知，主语it为三单，主句用has been；since引导的从句用一般过去时，go的过去式为went。故选D。 6．Our English teacher often encourages us ________ English loudly in class. A．speaks B．speak C．speaking D．to speak 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我们的英语老师经常鼓励我们在课上大声说英语。 考查动词不定式。encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事，动词不定式作宾语补足语，故选D。 7．_________ yourself _________ better, you can take this medicine three times a day. A．To make; feel B．Make; feel C．Making; to feel D．Make; to feel 【答案】A 【解析】句意：为了让你自己感觉好一些，你可以一天吃三次这种药。 考查非谓语动词和固定搭配。根据“...yourself...better, you can take this medicine three times a day.”可知，此处描述吃药的目的，即“为了让你感觉更好”，应该用动词不定式“To make”表示目的，放在句首作目的状语；make sb do sth是固定搭配，意为“使某人做某事”，所以第二空应该用动词原形“feel”。故选A。 8．We’d better use paper boxes instead of plastic ones ________ protect the environment. A．so that B．so as to C．in order not to D．in order that 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我们最好使用纸盒而不是塑料盒，以保护环境。 考查目的状语的表达方式。so that为了，后跟句子；so as to为了，后跟动词原形；in order not to为了不，后跟动词原形；in order that为了，后跟句子。根据“protect the environment.”可知，是指为了保护环境，空后是动词原形，用so as to。故选B。 9．We should work hard ________ people throwing rubbish everywhere. A．to stop B．stop C．stopped D．stopping 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我们应该努力工作阻止人们到处乱扔垃圾。 考查非谓语动词。to stop阻止，动词不定式；stop阻止，动词原形；stopped阻止，动词过去式；stopping阻止，现在分词或动名词。根据句意可知，努力工作的目的是阻止人们乱扔垃圾，用动词不定式作目的状语。故选A。 10．My teacher asked us ________ loudly in the classroom. A．not talk B．not to talk C．talk not D．to not talk 【答案】B 【解析】句意：老师叫我们不要在教室里大声说话。 考查非谓语动词。ask sb (not) to do sth“叫某人（不要）做某事”，故选B。 重难突破（测试时间：10分钟） 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 How would you feel if moving to a new town meant losing track of your friends? What if the only way of getting news from faraway friends was writing letters? This was how things worked not very long ago. Thanks to advances in technology, the way to make friends and c 1 with them has changed. Nowadays, we can move around the world and still stay in t 2 with the people that we want to remain friends with. Social media t 3 let us see what our friends are doing. All you need is a wi-fi connection. The digital age also enables us to find people who have interests, such as collecting model cars or p 4 an unusual instrument. We can communicate(交流) with others who also enjoy doing them, even if they live on the other 5 of the world. But when you “friend” people online, does this mean that they really are your friends? If people always show true personal i 6 online, these friendships can be real and meaningful. But we need to remember what we see on social media is often not the whole t 7 about a person. On social media sites, people post only good news. But smiling photos can h 8 real problems. Remember the saying: on the internet, a young person could be old; a woman could be a m 9 . But this doesn't mean that we can believe nothing. A 10 technology has changed the way we get friends, the meaning of friendship and our longing for friends remain the same. As Aristotle said, no one would choose to live without friends, even if he had all other goods. 1. connect 根据 make friends及首字母c可知,此处指与朋友联系。 connect“使……联系”, and连接的内容在形式上应一致，由 make为动词原形可知，connect 也用原形。 2. touch stay in touch with“与……保持联系”,为固定短语。 3. tools 由“All you need is a wi-fi connection.”可知,句意为“社交媒体工具让我们可以看到朋友在做什么”。tool“工具”，可数名词，此处用复数表示泛指，故填 tools。 4. playing 根据 an unusual instrument 可知,此处指演奏乐器,应用 play,动词形式和 or前的 collecting一样,故填playing。 5. side由句意可知，无论我们的爱好是什么，互联网可以使我们与同样喜欢做这些事情的人交流起来，即使他们在世界的另一边。side意为“边，而”。 6. information 由下文“这些友谊可以是真实而有意义的”可知，此处句意为“如果人们总是在网上展示真实的个人信息”。 information 意为“信息”,为不可数名词。 7. truth由常识可知，句意为“但我们需要记住，我们在社交媒体上看到的往往不是一个人的全部真相”。truth“事实，真相“符合语境。 8. hide 由下文 on the internet, a young person could be old可知，此处句意为“但微笑的照片可能会掩盖真正的问题”。 hide“隐藏”,情态动词 can后应用原形。 9. man 此处与上文的a young person could be old表达一致,应表示“(网上显示的)女士可能是男士”，man“男人”，由a 可知用其单数形式。 10. Although 句意: 科技改变了我们获得朋友的方式，但友谊的意义和我们对朋友的渴望保持不变。结合首字母A 可知，应用 Although引导让步状语从句。 易混易错（测试时间：10分钟） 1.My mother doesn't allow me _____(go) to the movies with my friends. 2.He was a great inventor and had a lot of useful __________(in-vent) in his whole life. 3.The brain makes up 2% of our body ______(weigh) but uses about a fifth of the energy we get from food. 4.The girl had a hard time ____________(remember) new words, so she needed help. 5.There is an _____________(advertise) for the sale. 6.The policeman warned the thief ________(put) up his hands and stand outside. 7.I think the Internet is one of the most useful __________(invent)in our life. 8.We ran to the bus station _________(quick) because we didn't have enough time. 9.All of this water goes __________(direct) to the camel's blood cells. 10.He thought it was one of the most ________(wide) used human-like robots for research and education. 11. It ____________(complete) changed the way he saw life's challenges. 12.What an ____________(expected) thing it is! We can't believe that it is true. 13.Students have found that they look forward to __________(spend) time in the garden each week. 14.The big trains laughed at the little one, but _________(final) Thomas was chosen for the job. 15.This is a cash _________(pay). He is an old man and he only uses cash. 16.With the ____________(develop) of the technology, nobody knows what the world will be like. 17.When I was turning thirty years old,a friend asked me _________(share) my biggest regret in life. 18.She wanted me _________(take) her place for two weeks. 19.To solve this problem, we should _________(simple) turn off some lights at night. 20.I felt very _______(bore) when I listened to the speech. I wanted to leave the hall. 21.You can't speak English well. That is one of your _____________(advantage). 22.They had a ______________(disagree) about the plan, so they argued a lot. 23.He has the raise in pocket money because he spends money _________(wise). 24.Food ________(safe) is important, and it doesn't end at our door. 25.I'm sorry to tell you that I ________(agree) with you. I think my idea is much better. 26.The Internet is very ________(use) and we can get a lot of information from it. 27.The compass hugely improved the trade and _______________(communicate) between countries. 28.Mr. Zhang is a good teacher and he can explain all the problems _______(clear). 1.to go 2.inventions 3.weight 4.remembering 5.advertisement 6.to put7.inventions 8.quickly 9.directly 10.widely 11.completely 12.unexpected13.spending 14.finally 15.payment 16.development 17.to share 18.to take 19.simply 20.bored 21.disadvantages 22.disagreement 23.wisely 24.safety 25.disagree 26.useful 27.communication 28.clearly 链接中考（测试时间：15分钟） （2025·天津南开·二模）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 A set of photos of a boy carrying his tennis rackets (球拍) in a bamboo basket has gone viral (走红). The boy, Wang Fa, 14, is a m 1 of the Va ethnic group (佤族) from Yunnan. After winning the under-14 title (冠军) at the ASICS Tennis Junior Tour in Guangzhou, one of his fans from Yunnan gave him the bamboo basket as a g 2 and the photos were taken. “We always carry bamboo baskets when we work in the f 3 . This is a typical farming t 4 of the Va ethnic group. I carried my rackets in this basket to honor (致敬) my home town,” Wang Fa said after the match. Before tennis, Wang Fa was just an ordinary boy from a village. But in 2016, he was c 5 by a local club as one of the first 10 local children to learn to play professional (专业的) tennis. “I was n 6 at the beginning because the outside world was so different from my home.” he said, adding that tennis has helped him make more friends and get a b 7 education. Over the past six years, Wang Fa, along with other players at the Yunnan Wild Elephants Tennis Club, has trained hard to i 8 his skills and physical strength. The children would get up at 6:30 am and practice for more than six hours a day. Every day, they needed to swing a racket more than 7,000 times and run 9 kilometers. Wang Fa’s parents did not want him to learn tennis at first because they could not afford it. But the tennis club o 9 to teach him for free. For Wang Fa, winning the ASICS Tennis Junior Tour title was the beginning of a hopeful f 10 . “I will aim (瞄准) for the top spots on the professional stage,” he said. 【答案】1．(m)ember 2．(g)ift 3．(f)ield/(f)ields 4．(t)ool 5．(c)hosen 6．(n)ervous 7．(b)etter 8．(i)mprove 9．(o)ffered 10．(f)uture 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了佤族少年王发通过努力在网球领域取得成就的故事，并表达了他对未来的期望。 1．句意：这个男孩，王发，14岁，是来自云南佤族的一名成员。根据“The boy, Wang Fa, 14, is a ... of the Va ethnic group (佤族) from Yunnan.”可知，句子结构为“is a...”，这里需要一个名词，“member”表示“成员”，符合语境。故填(m)ember。 2．句意：在广州亚瑟士青少年网球巡回赛赢得14岁以下组冠军后，他的一位来自云南的粉丝给了他这个竹篮作为礼物，并且拍了这些照片。根据“one of his fans from Yunnan gave him the bamboo basket as a ... and the photos were taken.”可知，“as a...”后接名词，根据语境，粉丝给的应该是“礼物”，“gift”符合。故填(g)ift。 3．句意：当我们在田里干活的时候，我们总是带着竹篮。根据“We always carry bamboo baskets when we work in the ...”可知，“in the...”后接名词，根据语境，干活的地方是“田地”，“field”符合，此处y也可用复数即fields。故填(f)ield/(f)ields。 4．句意：这是佤族典型的农具。根据“This is a typical farming ... of the Va ethnic group.”可知，“a typical farming...”后接名词，竹篮是一种“工具”，“tool”符合。故填(t)ool。 5．句意：但是在2016年，他被当地一家俱乐部选中，作为最初10名学习打专业网球的当地孩子之一。根据“But in 2016, he was ... by a local club as one of the first 10 local children to learn to play professional (专业的) tennis.”可知，“he”和“choose”之间是被动关系，即“他被选择”，这里是一般过去时的被动语态“was/were+过去分词”，“choose”的过去分词是“chosen”。故填(c)hosen。 6．句意：一开始我很紧张，因为外面的世界和我的家如此不同。根据“I was ... at the beginning because the outside world was so different from my home.”可知，“was”是系动词，后接形容词，“nervous”表示“紧张的”，符合语境。故填(n)ervous。 7．句意：他补充说网球帮助他交了更多朋友并且得到了更好的教育。根据“make more friends”可知这里是比较级，“good”的比较级是“better”。故填(b)etter。 8．句意：在过去的六年里，王发和云南野象网球俱乐部的其他队员一起努力训练来提高他的技术和体力。根据“Over the past six years, Wang Fa, along with other players at the Yunnan Wild Elephants Tennis Club, has trained hard to ... his skills and physical strength.”可知，“to”后接动词原形，“improve”表示“提高”，符合语境。故填(i)mprove。 9．句意：但是网球俱乐部主动提出免费教他。根据“But the tennis club ... to teach him for free.”可知，这里是俱乐部“主动提供”，且是一般过去时，“offer”的过去式是“offered”。故填(o)ffered。 10．句意：对王发来说，赢得亚瑟士青少年网球巡回赛冠军是充满希望的未来的开始。根据“For Wang Fa, winning the ASICS Tennis Junior Tour title was the beginning of a hopeful ...”可知，“a hopeful...”后接名词，“future”表示“未来”，符合语境。故填(f)uture。 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $