第4部分 完形填空 实战演练（Word练习）-【艺术生百日冲刺】2026高考英语艺术生基础生文化课成功方案

1 (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I've been motivated—and demotivated—by other folks' achievements all my life. When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend __1__ a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started running __2__， but then two things happened. First, a girl I met one day told me she was __3__ for a “super，” referring to a 52.4mile double marathon.Then，the next day I went on my longest run—15 miles.To be honest, I __4__ it! Between the girl making my __5__ seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only __6__ I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after me! So I __7__ cycling. I got a good bike and rode a lot. I __8__ of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. While she was at work one day, I __9__ her bike and went for a ride. The __10__： The roads there went through large valleys where I'd be riding uphill for miles at a time. I'd never faced such __11__. That day, I got __12__ by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads. When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn't seem quite as __13__． I've __14__ a lot since then. I've come to accept that whatever __15__ I set for myself; they just have to be my own. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者受到朋友赢得马拉松比赛的激励而开始跑步，但因遇到更厉害的跑步者和跑步带来的枯燥而放弃。后来转而骑自行车，但又因在圣地亚哥骑车时遇到挑战而失去信心。最终，作者意识到自己设定的目标应该是自我驱动的。 1．A.knew　　　　　　B．held C．won D．quit 【解析】　C　考查动词词义辨析。根据后文中的“Feeling motivated, I started running”并结合选项可知，邻居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛，这让作者受到激励，因此开始跑步。故选C。 2．A.regularly B．silently C．proudly D．recently 【解析】　A　考查副词词义辨析。根据“Feeling motivated, I started running __2__，but then two things happened.”并结合选项可知，此处指作者受到了朋友的激励，开始有规律地跑步。故选A。 3．A.asking B．looking C．waiting D．training 【解析】　D　考查动词词义辨析。根据“she was __3__ for a “super”， referring to a 52.4mile double marathon”并结合选项和常识可知，这个女孩正在为“超级马拉松”训练。故选D。 4．A.made B．believed C．hated D．deserved 【解析】　C　考查动词词义辨析。根据前文中的“To be honest”和后文中的“Between the girl making my __5__ seem small and the pure boredom of jogging”并结合选项可知，作者完成了最高纪录，跑了15公里，但是老实说，作者对长跑感到厌烦和讨厌。故选C。 5．A.advantage B．achievement C．contribution D．influence 【解析】　B　考查名词词义辨析。根据“Between the girl making my __5__ seem small and the pure boredom of jogging”并结合选项可知，此处指那个女孩让作者的成就看起来很小。故选B。 6．A.way B．risk C．place D．reason 【解析】　D　考查名词词义辨析。根据“Between the girl making my __5__ seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only __6__ I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after me！”并结合选项可知，此处指作者对长跑感到厌烦，所以决定，除非被大狗追，否则再也没有理由继续跑步了。故选D。 7．A.gave up B．went on C．turned to D．dealt with 【解析】　C　考查动词短语辨析。根据设空处后文中的“I got a good bike and rode a lot.”并结合选项可知，作者放弃了跑步，转向骑自行车。turn to意为“转向”。故选C。 8．A.heard B．dreamed C．complained D. approved 【解析】　B　考查动词词义辨析。根据前文中的“I got a good bike and rode a lot.”并结合选项可知，作者有一辆好的自行车，并且骑了很多次，梦想参加自行车比赛。故选B。 9．A.painted B．borrowed C．bought D．parked 【解析】　B　考查动词词义辨析。根据“While she was at work one day, I __9__ her bike and went for a ride.”并结合选项可知，作者去圣地亚哥拜访自己的姐妹，有一天当她去工作的时候，借了她的自行车去骑。故选B。 10．A.problem B．secret C．principle D．advice 【解析】　A　考查名词词义辨析。根据后文中的“The roads there went through large valleys where I'd be riding uphill for miles at a time.”并结合选项可知，此处指问题是那里的路穿过很大的山谷，作者每次都要骑好几英里上坡路。故选A。 11．A.dangers B．events C．opponents D．challenges 【解析】　D　考查名词词义辨析。根据前文中的“The roads there went through large valleys where I'd be riding uphill for miles at a time.”并结合选项可知，作者骑车穿越大山谷，需要不断上坡，这是一种挑战。故选D。 12．A.passed B．convinced C．admired D．stopped 【解析】　A　考查动词词义辨析。根据“I got __12__ by about 100 ‘local’ bikers who were used to such roads”并结合选项可知，作者被大约100名“本地”自行车手超过了。故选A。 13．A.reliable B．convenient C．familiar D．appealing 【解析】　D　考查形容词词义辨析。根据“When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn't seem quite as __13__．”并结合选项可知，作者被很多专业骑行的人超过了，所以回到家后，突然感觉骑自行车不再那么吸引人了。故选D。 14．A.traveled B．matured C．missed D．worried 【解析】　B　考查动词词义辨析。根据设空处后文“I've come to accept that whatever __15__ I set for myself; they just have to be my own.”并结合选项可知，作者在不停地寻找自己真正的喜好，并对设定目标这件事有了自己的感悟，这是成熟的体现。故选B。 15．A.limits B．dates C．goals D．tests 【解析】　C　考查名词词义辨析。根据“I've come to accept that whatever __15__ I set for myself, they just have to be my own.”并结合全文和选项可知，此处指作者最终意识到为自己设定的任何目标都必须是自我驱动的。故选C。 2 (2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When I decided to buy a house in Europe ten years ago, I didn't think too long. I liked traveling in France, but when it came to picking my favorite spot to __1__， Italy was the clear winner. During my first visit to Italy, I __2__ to ask for directions or order in a restaurant. But every time I tried to __3__ a sentence of Italian together, the locals smiled at me and __4__ my language skills. That encouragement helped me to get through the language __5__. After I made Italy my permanent home, I discovered how __6__ Italians are. Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to __7__ me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. It's these small __8__ of kindness that make a new country feel like home. As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach, and nowhere fuels my __9__ quite like Italy. Each town has its own traditional __10__， and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another. Families __11__ for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can __12__. These meals are always __13__ by laughter and joy. Whatever __14__ life in Italy might have, the problems are __15__ once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者十年前选择在意大利定居的原因以及意大利的风土人情。 1．A.study B．rent C．visit D．settle 【解析】　D　考查动词词义辨析，句意：我喜欢在法国旅行，但当谈到选择我最喜欢的定居地点时，意大利显然是赢家。A.study学习；B.rent出租；C.visit游览；D.settle定居。根据下文“After I made Italy my permanent home”以及“make a new country feel like home”可推知，此处指作者最喜欢的定居地点。故选D。 2．A.planned B．struggled C．refused D．happened 【解析】　B　考查动词词义辨析，句意：在我第一次访问意大利时，我很难问路或在餐馆点餐。A.planned计划；B.struggled斗争、吃力地进行；C.refused拒绝；D.happened出现、发生。根据上文“During my first visit to Italy”可推知，此处指作者第一次到意大利，语言不通，很难沟通交流。故选B。 3．A.string B．hang C．mix D．match 【解析】　A　考查动词词义辨析，句意：我试着把一个意大利语句子串在一起，当地人对我微笑，称赞我的语言技能。A.string串起、连成一串；B.hang悬挂；C.mix混合；D.match 配对。根据下文“a sentence of Italian together”可推知，此处指作者努力想用意大利语串成一句话。故选A。 4．A.improved B．assessed C．admired D．praised 【解析】　D　考查动词词义辨析，句意：我试着把一个意大利语句子串在一起，当地人对我微笑，称赞我的语言技能。A.improved改进；B.assessed评估；C.admired钦佩；D.praised 赞扬。根据上文“the locals smiled at me”以及下文“That encouragement”可推知，此处指作者尝试说意大利语，当地人赞扬作者的语言能力。故选D。 5．A.course B．barrier C．area D．test 【解析】　B　考查名词词义辨析，句意：这种鼓励帮助我克服了语言障碍。A.course课程；B.barrier障碍；C.area区域；D.test测试。根据上文“the locals smiled at me and praised my language skills.That encouragement helped me”可推知，此处指当地人对作者的鼓励帮助他克服了语言障碍。故选B。 6．A.openminded B．strongwilled C．warmhearted D．wellinformed 【解析】　C　考查形容词词义辨析，句意：当我把意大利作为永久的家后，我发现了意大利人是多么的热情。A.openminded思想开明的；B.strongwilled思想坚定的；C.warmhearted热心的；D.wellinformed见多识广的。根据下文邻居的热心行为“Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door”和“close the window in my car when rain is coming.”可推知，此处指邻居是热情的。故选C。 7．A.remind B．allow C．persuade D．order 【解析】　A　考查动词词义辨析，句意：邻居们会给我带来新鲜的奶酪，还会在下雨的时候来我家门前提醒我关上车窗。A.remind 提醒；B.allow允许；C.persuade说服；D.order命令。根据上文“I discovered how warmhearted Italians are”以及下文“will come to my door”可推知，此处指热心的邻居在下雨的时候来作者家门前提醒他关上车窗。故选A。 8．A.tricks B．promises C．acts D．duties 【解析】　C　考查名词词义辨析，句意：正是这些小小的善举让一个新国家有家的感觉。A.tricks技巧；B.promises承诺；C.acts 行为；D.duties职责。根据上文“Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to remind me to close the window in my car when rain is coming.”可推知，此处指邻居们的善举。故选C。 9．A.ambition B．success C．appetite D．growth 【解析】　C　考查名词词义辨析，句意：作为一个美食家，通往我内心的路是通过我的胃，没有什么地方能像意大利那样刺激我的食欲。A.ambition雄心；B.success成功；C.appetite食欲；D.growth发育。根据上文“As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach”可推知，此处指做这是一个美食家，所以应该是刺激食欲。故选C。 10．A.costume B．dish C．symbol D．tale 【解析】　B　考查名词词义辨析，句意：每个城镇都有自己的传统菜肴，每个家庭都保存着代代相传的食谱。A.costume服装；B.dish菜肴；C.symbol符号；D.tale故事。根据上文“fuels my appetite”以及下文“every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another”可推知，此处指意大利各地都有传统菜肴。故选B。 11．A.gather B．cheer C．leave D．wait 【解析】　A　考查动词词义辨析，句意：一家人在星期天、生日以及他们能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。A.gather集合；B.cheer欢呼；C.leave留下；D.wait等待。根据上文“Families”以及下文“with friends and family”可推知，此处指一家人聚集在一起吃饭。故选A。 12．A.put up with B．stand up for C．come up with D．make up for 【解析】　C　考查动词短语辨析，句意：一家人在星期天、生日以及他们能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。A.put up with忍受；B.stand up for支持；C.come up with想出；D.make up for弥补。根据上文“whatever other excuses they can”可推知，此处指家人们为了聚在一起吃饭而想出的理由。故选C。 13．A.signaled B．confirmed C．represented D．accompanied 【解析】　D　考查动词词义辨析，句意：这些饭菜总是伴随着笑声和喜悦。A.signaled示意；B.confirmed确认；C.represented代表；D.accompanied伴随。根据下文“by laughter and joy”可推知，此处指家人们在一起用餐时伴随着欢声笑语。固定搭配“accompany by”译为“伴随”。故选D。 14．A.disadvantages B．meanings C．surprises D．opportunities 【解析】　A　考查名词词义辨析，句意：无论意大利的生活有什么缺点，一旦你跟朋友和家人坐下来吃顿大餐，这些问题就会被遗忘。A.disadvantages缺点；B.meanings含义；C.surprises惊喜；D.opportunities机会。根据上文“Whatever”以及下文“the problems”可推知，此处指在意大利的生活有什么不如意之处。故选A。 15．A.created B．forgotten C．understood D．identified 【解析】　B　考查动词词义辨析，句意：无论意大利的生活有什么缺点，一旦你和朋友和家人坐下来吃顿大餐，这些问题就会被遗忘。A.created创建；B.forgotten忘记；C.understood理解；D.identified确认。根据上文“Whatever disadvantages life in Italy might have, the problems”以及下文“once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family”可推知，此处指无论在意大利的生活有什么不如意之处，跟家人们吃一顿饭就会忘记不愉快。故选B。 3 (2024·北京高考) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I'd just arrived at school, ready for another school day.I was reading a book in the classroom when there was an __1__．“Today at 1：10 there will be auditions (面试) for a musical.” My friends all jumped up in excitement and asked me, “Will you be going, Amy？” “Sure，” I said.I had no __2__ in drama, but I'd try out because my friends were doing it. At 1：10, there was a __3__ outside the drama room.Everyone looked energetic.I hadn't expected I'd be standing there that morning.But now that I was doing it, I __4__ felt nervous.What if I wasn't any good? I entered the room and the teachers made me say some lines from the musical.They then __5__ my singing skills and asked what role I wanted to play.The teachers were smiling and praising me.I felt like I had a __6__， so I said, “A big role.” They said they'd look into it.I started getting really nervous.What if I didn't get a main role? Soon, the cast list was __7__．My friends checked and came back shouting, “Amy, you got the main role! ” Sure enough, my name was at the top.I just stared at it and started to __8__．I was so happy. After two months we were all prepared and ready to go on stage.It was fun.And when people started __9__， that gave me a boost of confidence.It stayed with me and made me feel __10__．I realised that by trying something new, I can have fun—even if it means stepping out of my comfort zone. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者抱着试一试的心态，参加了音乐剧面试却成功获得了扮演音乐剧主角的机会，作者在这次经历中体验到了尝试新事物带来的乐趣。 1．A.assignment B．initiative C．announcement D．interview 【解析】　C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：我正在教室里看书，这时有一则公告。A.assignment任务；B.initiative倡议；C.announcement公告；D.interview面试。根据下文“Today at 1：10 there will be auditions for a musical.”可推知，此处指作者正在教室里看书，这时作者听到有一则公告。故选C。 2．A.hesitancy B．interest C．worry D．regret 【解析】　B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对戏剧没有兴趣，但是因为朋友们都在做，我也决定尝试一下。A.hesitancy犹豫；B.interest 兴趣；C.worry担心；D.regret懊悔。根据下文“But I'd try out because my friends were doing it”可推知，此处指作者虽然对戏剧没有兴趣，但因为朋友们都在做，所以作者也决定尝试一下。故选B。 3．A.game B．show C．play D．line 【解析】　D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：在1：10的时候，戏剧室外面排起了队。A.game游戏；B.show展览；C.play游戏；D.line队伍。根据下文“Everyone looked energetic.I hadn't expected I'd be standing there that morning.”可知，此处指戏剧室外面排起了队。故选D。 4．A.suddenly B．continuously C．originally D．generally 【解析】　A　考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是现在我正在排队的时候，我突然感到紧张。A.suddenly突然；B.continuously连续不断地；C.originally起初；D.generally通常。根据上文“But now that I was doing it，”以及下文“What if I wasn't any good？”可推知，此处指作者在排队的过程中突然感到紧张。故选A。 5．A.advertised B．tested C．challenged D．polished 【解析】　B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他们测试了我的唱歌技巧，问我想要演什么角色。A.advertised为……做广告；B.tested测验；C.challenged对……怀疑；D.polished润色。根据上文“I entered the room and the teachers made me say some lines from the musical.”以及下文“The teachers were smiling and praising me.”可推知，此处指作者进入戏剧室后，老师们让作者说几句音乐剧中的台词，测试作者的唱歌技巧，并对作者的表现很满意。故选B。 6．A.demand B．credit C．dream D．chance 【解析】　D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：我感觉我有机会，所以我说“一个重要的角色”。A.demand需求；B.credit信用；C.dream梦想；D.chance机会。根据上文“The teachers were smiling and praising me.”可知，作者得到老师的表扬，所以此处指作者觉得自己有机会扮演音乐剧主角。故选D。 7．A.traded B．posted C．questioned D．claimed 【解析】　B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：不久演员表就被张贴了出来。A.traded交易；B.posted张贴；C.questioned询问；D.claimed宣称。根据下文“My friends checked and came back shouting, “Amy, you got the main role！””以及下文“my name was at the top.”可推知，此处指很快演员表就被张贴了出来，作者在名单最上边。故选B。 8．A.well up B．roll in C．stand out D．go off 【解析】　A　考查动词短语辨析。句意：我只是盯着它，然后情绪开始迸发。A.well up (情绪)迸发；B.roll in (金钱等)大量涌进；C.stand out脱颖而出；D.go off爆炸。根据下文“I was so happy”可推知，此处指作者盯着演员表看，然后情绪开始迸发，感觉很开心。故选A。 9．A.whispering B．arguing C．clapping D．stretching 【解析】　C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后人们开始鼓掌，这给了我信心。A.whispering耳语；B.arguing争吵；C.clapping鼓掌；D.stretching伸展。根据下文“that gave me a boost of confidence”以及常识可推知，此处指人们的掌声增强了作者的信心。故选C。 10．A.funnier B．fairer C．cleverer D．braver 【解析】　D　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它一直伴随着我，让我感到更勇敢。A.funnier更有趣的；B.fairer更公平的；C.cleverer更聪明的；D.braver更勇敢的。根据上文“that gave me a boost of confidence”以及下文“I realised that by trying something new, I can have fun — even if it means stepping out of my comfort zone.”可推知，人们的掌声给了作者信心，这使得作者感觉更勇敢，可以走出舒适区，通过尝试新事物获得乐趣。 4 (2024·浙江高考) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 While taking a 20hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China，I had the kind of humbling，educational，and above all else, wonderful __1__ with a local that all travelers long for.A young Chinese man __2__ me on the train.My __3__ friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the __4__ to practice my Chinese. Over several hours, he would tell me about how he had __5__ a twoyear professional school to quickly find a job __6__ highways in order to help support his family.Perhaps the most __7__， however, was the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor.Without batting an eye, he would __8__ a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American __9__ as a whole.”And what do you all learn about Russian authors？” I __10__ him asking at one point. It would have been easy to __11__ my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home.But this highly informed, __12__， and admirable person prevented me doing so.In the course of a couple of hours，he __13__ me just how much one can gain from __14__ with an open mind, and a willingness to __15__ with locals from all walks of life. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一次在火车上偶遇了一个年轻的中国男子，在交谈中发现，年轻人见多识广、自学成才，是一个令人钦佩的人。 1．A.experiment　　　　B．encounter C．competition D．appointment 【解析】　B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在中国西北部的塔克拉玛干沙漠边缘坐了20个小时的火车时，其间我与一个当地人有了一种谦卑、有教育意义的，最重要的是，美妙的邂逅，这是所有旅行者都渴望的。A.experiment实验；B.encounter邂逅；C.competition 比赛；D.appointment任命。根据后文“with a local that all travelers long for”指作者和当地人有了一次美妙的邂逅。故选B。 2．A.treated B．saved C．lectured D．approached 【解析】　D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向我走来。A.treated 对待；B.saved拯救；C.lectured演讲；D.approached靠近。根据后文“me on the train”以及后文两人交谈，可知一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向作者走来。故选D。 3．A.true B．socalled C．new D．longlost 【解析】　C　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的新朋友几乎不会说英语，所以我很高兴地抓住这个机会练习我的中文。A.true真的；B.socalled所谓的；C.new新的；D.longlost 很久不见的。根据上文“A young Chinese man”可知，两人是在火车上认识的，所以是新朋友。故选C。 4．A.chance B．advice C．trouble D．right 【解析】　A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的新朋友几乎不会说英语，所以我很高兴地抓住这个机会练习我的中文。A.chance机会；B.advice建议；C.trouble麻烦；D.right权利。根据后文“to practice my Chinese”可知，作者抓住这个机会练习中文。故选A。 5．A.visited B．financed C．attended D．founded 【解析】　C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。A.visited拜访；B.financed提供资金；C.attended 参加，上(学)；D.founded成立。根据后文“a twoyear professional school”可知，指这个年轻人去上了一个为期两年的专业学校。故选C。 6．A.building B．sweeping C．checking D．guarding 【解析】　A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。A.building修建；B.sweeping打扫；C.checking 检查；D.guarding守卫。根据后文“highways in order to help support his family”可知，年轻人修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。故选A。 7．A.typical B．obvious C．natural D．remarkable 【解析】　D　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，也许最值得注意的是这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习。A.typical典型的；B.obvious显然的；C.natural自然的；D.remarkable引人注目的。根据后文“this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor.”可知，这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习，这是最值得注意的品质。故选D。 8．A.publish B．quote C．copy D．download 【解析】　B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：他会眼都不眨地引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，然后再询问美国作家对文学的整体影响。A.publish出版；B.quote引用；C.copy复制；D.download下载。根据后文“a translated Emerson passage”指引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，故选B。 9．A.writers B．historians C．workers D．students 【解析】　A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：他会眼都不眨地引用翻译过的爱默生的一段话，然后再询问美国作家对文学的整体影响。A.writers作者；B.historians历史学家；C.workers工人；D.students学生。根据上文“a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American”以及后文“And what do you all learn about Russian authors？(你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解？)”可知，年轻人对美国和俄罗斯的作家感兴趣。故选A。 10．A.anticipate B．imagine C．recall D．catch 【解析】　C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解？”我记得他曾经问过。A.anticipate预期；B.imagine想象；C.recall记起；D.catch抓住。根据后文“him asking at one point”可知，作者在回忆年轻人提过的问题。故选C。 11．A.look into B．rely on C．go over D．deal with 【解析】　B　考查动词短语辨析。句意：对于这位从未离开过家乡几百英里的公路建设者，我很容易凭空想象。A.look into调查；B.rely on依靠；C.go over复习；D.deal with处理。根据后文“my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home”可知，年轻人从来没有离开过离家几百英里的地方，因此作者很容易依靠自己的假设对他进行判断。故选B。 12．A.wellbehaved B．multiskilled C．warmhearted D．selfeducated 【解析】　D　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这位见多识广、自学成才、令人钦佩的人阻止了我这么做。A.wellbehaved行为端正的；B.multiskilled多技能的；C.warmhearted热心的；D.selfeducated自学的。呼应上文“this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor.(这个人每天在繁重的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习)”，指这个年轻人的自学能力。故选D。 13．A.asked B．warned C．showed D．promised 【解析】　C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A.asked 询问；B.warned警告；C.showed展示；D.promised承诺。根据后文“me just how much one can gain from”指年轻人通过自己向作者展示了一个人可以从开放的心态和愿意与各行各业的当地人交往中获得多少收获。故选C。 14．A.traveling B．reading C．searching D．teaching 【解析】　A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A.traveling旅行；B.reading阅读；C.searching搜索；D.teaching教学。根据后文“with an open mind, and a willingness to”结合作者当时在乘火车旅行，所以是指带着开放的心态旅行，故选A。 15．A.cooperate B．side C．negotiate D．engage 【解析】　D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A.cooperate 合作；B.side边；C.negotiate协商；D.engage参与。根据后文“with locals from all walks of life”指和各行各业的当地人打交道，应用短语engage with表示“与……接触”。故选D。 5 (2024·全国甲卷) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 One day, we had a family dinner.While the adults were busy with their serious talk outside, I was left alone in the __1__ to help my grandmother wash dishes.__2__ my grandmother would tell me stories about her childhood. Born just before WWⅡ， my grandmother __3__ an entirely different childhood lifestyle from mine.She did not have a chance to go to __4__．Like in typical families, where boys were __5__ much more than girls, my grandma had to stay at home to do __6__．The only opportunity (机会) she could seize to __7__ was when her brother was having Chinese __8__ with the family tutor.She would sit quietly at the far end of the long dinner table, listening __9__．This training taught her to read and write her Chinese upside down—a skill that has turned out to be quite __10__， especially whenever we share the newspaper.On most weekends, my grandmother, a young girl then, and her brother would go to the __11__．There, they would walk through deep water, sit down crosslegged underwater and hold their __12__ while they watched all action going on around them.This is something I __13__—her ability to open her __14__ underwater and still sit comfortably on the seabed. My childhood is quite __15__ compared with hers.I am __16__ that I did not need to __17__ the hardships like she did.I've never faced the problem of __18__．I guess our different childhood background is what makes my grandmother such an amazing person to __19__ to：her stories always make my history textbooks __20__． [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要通过家庭晚餐时的对话，展现了作者的奶奶与作者有着不一样的童年经历。 1．A.sitting room B．kitchen C．yard D．dining hall 【解析】　B　考查名词词义辨析。根据设空处后文中的“help my grandmother wash dishes”并结合选项可知，作者帮助奶奶洗碗，所以是在厨房。故选B。 2．A.As always B．By the way C．For example D．Here and now 【解析】　A　考查介词短语辨析。根据后文讲述奶奶讲故事的内容并结合选项可知，这是奶奶经常做的事情。as always 像往常一样。故选A。 3．A.adjusted B．promoted C．achieved D．experienced 【解析】　D　考查动词词义辨析。根据设空处前文中的“Born just before WWⅡ”可知，奶奶经历了与作者完全不一样的童年生活。故选D。 4．A.work B．school C．court D．press 【解析】　B　考查名词词义辨析。根据设空处前文中的“my grandmother __3__ an entirely different childhood lifestyle from mine”并结合选项可知，前文描述的是奶奶童年时期的故事，所以是奶奶小时候没有机会上学。故选B。 5．A.favored B．tolerated C．trusted D．acknowledged 【解析】　A　考查动词词义辨析。根据设空处前文中的“Like in typical families”可知，在典型的家庭中，男孩往往比女孩受到更多的偏爱。故选A。 6．A.gardening B．homework C．business D．housework 【解析】　D　考查名词词义辨析。根据语境并结合选项可知，奶奶当时没有机会上学，需要留在家里做家务。故选D。 7．A.exercise B．study C．explore D．teach 【解析】　B　考查动词词义辨析。根据设空处后文中的“was when her brother was having Chinese __8__ with the family tutor”可知，当她的哥哥与家庭教师上课时，奶奶可以通过旁听来学习。故选B。 8．A.food B．guests C．lessons D．tea 【解析】　C　考查名词词义辨析。根据“The only opportunity (机会) she could seize to __7__ was when her brother was having Chinese __8__ with the family tutor.”并结合选项可知，这里指的是奶奶的哥哥和家庭教师一起上课。故选C。 9．A.closely B．directly C．nervously D．freely 【解析】　A　考查副词词义辨析。根据设空处前文中的“The only opportunity (机会) she could seize”并结合选项可知，奶奶学习的机会来之不易，会静静地坐在餐桌的远端仔细地听。故选A。 10．A.professional B．awkward C．simple D．practical 【解析】　D　考查形容词词义辨析。根据语境并结合选项可知，这项技能在他们分享报纸时显得非常实用。故选D。 11．A.market B．mountain C．beach D．class 【解析】　C　考查名词词义辨析。根据设空处后文中的“There, they would walk through deep water, sit down crosslegged underwater”可知，奶奶和她的哥哥会去海滩。故选C。 12．A.secret B．breath C．view D．tongue 【解析】　B　考查名词词义辨析。设空处后文中的“while they watched all action going on around them”并结合选项可知，他们在观察水中的生物时会屏住呼吸。故选B。 13．A.admire B．notice C．adopt D．value 【解析】　A　考查动词词义辨析。根据设空处后文中的“her ability to open her __14__ underwater and still sit comfortably on the seabed”并结合选项可知，作者钦佩奶奶能在水下睁开眼睛并舒适地坐在海床上的能力。故选A。 14．A.hands B．mouth C．eyes D．arms 【解析】　C　考查名词词义辨析。根据语境并结合选项可知，奶奶能够在水下睁开眼睛的能力让作者感到钦佩。故选C。 15．A.difficult B．complex C．happy D．similar 【解析】　C　考查形容词词义辨析。根据设空处后文中的“ I am ____16__ that I did not need to __17__ the hardships like she did.I've never faced the problem of __18__．”并结合选项可知，作者的童年和奶奶的童年相比是完全不同的，作者童年过得比较幸福。故选C。 16．A.grateful B．surprised C．convinced D．regretful 【解析】　A　考查形容词词义辨析。根据设空处后文中的“I did not need to __17__ the hardships like she did”并结合选项可知，作者自己没有经历过奶奶那样的艰辛，所以感到感激。故选A。 17．A.reflect upon B．go through C．ask about D．prepare for 【解析】　B　考查动词短语辨析。根据语境并结合选项可知，作者没有经历过奶奶那样的艰辛。故选B。 18．A.unemployment B．health C．education D．communication 【解析】　C　考查名词词义辨析。根据第二段内容可知，作者的奶奶童年时没有机会上学，而作者没有经历过这样的艰辛，因此，作者从未面临过教育问题。故选C。 19．A.attend B．refer C．lead D．talk 【解析】　D　考查动词词义辨析。根据语境并结合选项可知，作者认为奶奶是一个很棒的谈话对象。故选D。 20．A.come true B．come round C．come out D．come alive 【解析】　D　考查动词短语辨析。根据语境并结合选项可知，奶奶的故事总是让作者的历史课本变得生动起来(come alive)。故选D。 6 (2023·全国乙卷) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 To become the Olympic champion in the individual (个人) allaround event, Gabby Douglas had to leave everything she __1__ best.She had to __2__her bedroom in Virginia.She had to say __3__ to her two dogs and to the beach, where she loved to __4__ waves on her board.But it was __5__ to take the leap (飞跃), however __6__ it would be.Even at 14, Douglas knew that.So she __7__ about 1，200 miles away from home, to __8__ with a coach from China.She lived with a family she had never __9__ and everything was new to her. As it turned out, Douglas did __10__ what she needed to do to become Olympic champion when she __11__two Russians.The Chinese coach __12__ Douglas into one of the best gymnasts in the __13__， helping her skyrocket from an __14__ member of the national team to the top of the sport.By __15__ the Olympic allaround title, she became the first black woman to do so.She __16__ the competition from beginning to end.She said she had felt __17__ all along that she would win. Not so long ago, Martha Karoly the coordinator (联络人) of the women's national team, did not think Douglas had what it __18__ to be an Olympian.As time went by, she thought __19__ that she could make the London Games—and win. “I'm going to inspire so many people，” she said.“I'm ready to __20__．” And shine she did. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国体操运动员Gabby Douglas为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，不得不远离家乡，去离家1 200英里的地方，和一个来自中国的教练一起训练。最终在教练的训练下，Douglas成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一，赢得奥运会全能冠军，成为了第一个获此殊荣的黑人女性。 1．A.tried B．thought C．judged D．knew 【解析】　D　考查动词词义辨析。句意： 为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，Gabby Douglas不得不放弃她最熟悉的一切。A.tried尝试；B.thought思考；C.judged判断；D.knew知道、熟悉。由上文“To become the Olympic champion in the individual allaround event, Gabby Douglas had to leave everything”和下文“1，200 miles away from home”可知，为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，Gabby Douglas放弃她最熟悉的一切，来到一个陌生的地方，故选D。 2．A.take up B．pack up C．clean up D．do up 【解析】　B　考查动词短语辨析。句意：她不得不整理好她在弗吉尼亚的卧室。A.take up 从事；B.pack up整理、收拾行李；C.clean up清理；D.do up装修。由上文“Gabby Douglas had to leave everything”和下文“her bedroom in Virginia”可知，整理好她的卧室，准备离开这里，故选B。 3．A.goodbye B．hello C．thanks D．no 【解析】　A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：她不得不和她的两只狗，以及她喜欢在冲浪板上冲浪的海滩说再见。A.goodbye再见；B.hello你好；C.thanks感谢；D.no没有、否定的回答。由上“Gabby Douglas had to leave everything”可知，Gabby Douglas要离开自己的家，所以与家里的狗说再见，故选A。 4．A.cause B．observe C．ride D．strike 【解析】　C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：她不得不和她的两只狗，以及她喜欢在冲浪板上冲浪的海滩说再见。A.cause引起；B.observe 观察；C.ride骑、漂浮；D.strike打击。由下文“waves on her board”可知，此处表示冲浪，ride the waves意为“冲浪”，故选C。 5．A.common B．time C．fun D．tough 【解析】　B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，是时候迈出这一步了，无论这将是多么令人心碎。A.common平民、普通；B.time时间；C.fun乐趣；D.tough暴徒。由下文“to take the leap”可知，虽然离开自己所熟悉的一切很难，但是是时候该迈出这一步了，故选B。 6．A.breathtaking B．heartbreaking C．eyecatching D．headspinning 【解析】　B　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，是时候迈出这一步了，无论这将是多么令人心碎。A.breathtaking激动人心的；B.heartbreaking令人心碎的、令人伤心的；C.eyecatching引人注目的；D.headspinning头晕的。上文提到的Gabby Douglas不得不放弃她最熟悉的一切可知，放弃自己所熟悉的一切是令人伤心，故选B。 7．A.dropped out B．moved on C．pulled over D．went off 【解析】　D　考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以她离家1200英里，和一个来自中国的教练一起训练。A.dropped out退出；B.moved on继续；C.pulled over靠边停车；D.went off离开。由下文“about 1，200 miles away from home”可知，Gabby Douglas到了一个离家1200英里的地方，故选D。 8．A.reason B．talk C．compete D．train 【解析】　D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以她离家1 200英里，和一位来自中国的教练一起训练。A.reason推理；B.talk谈话；C.compete竞争；D.train培训。由上文“To become the Olympic champion in the individual allaround event”和下文“with a coach from China”可知，为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，Gabby Douglas离开家，由此可知，她来到这里是为了和一位来自中国的教练一起训练，故选D。 9．A.met B．helped C．understood D．needed 【解析】　A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：她和一个素未谋面的家庭住在一起，一切对她来说都是全新的。A.met遇到、见过；B.helped 帮助；C.understood理解；D.needed需要。由下文“everything was new to her”可知，一切对她来说都是全新的，所以此处指她和一个素未谋面的家庭住在一起，故选A。 10．A.approximately B．gradually C．exactly D．possibly 【解析】　C　考查副词词义辨析。句意： 事实证明，Douglas击败了两名俄罗斯选手，完全完成了她成为奥运冠军所需要做的一切。A.approximately大约；B.gradually逐渐地；C.exactly准确地、完全；D.possibly可能地。由下文“the Olympic allaround title, she became the first black woman to do so”可知，Gabby Douglas获得了奥运会全能冠军，由此可知，Gabby Douglas完全完成了她成为奥运冠军所需要做的一切，故选C。 11．A.defeated B．pleased C．respected D．assisted 【解析】　A　考查动词词义辨析。句意： 事实证明，Douglas击败了两名俄罗斯选手，完全完成了她成为奥运冠军所需要做的一切。A.defeated打败；B.pleased使高兴；C.respected尊敬；D.assisted帮助。由上文“what she needed to do to become Olympic champion”和下文“the Olympic allaround title, she became the first black woman to do so”可知，Douglas击败了两名俄罗斯选手，成为了奥运冠军，故选A。 12．A.forced B．transformed C．persuaded D．put 【解析】　B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位中国教练让Douglas成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一，帮助她从国家队的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。A.forced强迫；B.transformed转换、改造；C.persuaded劝说；D.put放。由下文“Douglas into one of the best gymnasts”可知，这位中国教练让Douglas变成世界上最好的体操运动员之一，transform...into固定搭配，意为“使……变成……”，故选B。 13．A.world B．city C．team D．state 【解析】　A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位中国教练让Douglas成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一，帮助她从国家队的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。A.world世界；B.city城市；C.team团队；D.state国家。由下文“the Olympic allaround title, she became the first black woman to do so”可知，Douglas赢得奥运会全能冠军，所以说她是世界最好的体操运动员之一，故选A。 14．A.amateur B．elected C．average D．enthusiastic 【解析】　C　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位中国教练让Douglas成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一，帮助她从国家队的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。 A．amateur业余爱好的；B.elected当选的；C.average平均的、普通的；D.enthusiastic热情的。由下文“member of the national team to the top of the sport”可知，这位中国教练帮助Douglas从国家队的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。故选C。 15．A.clarifying B．defending C．winning D．demanding 【解析】　C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过赢得奥运会全能冠军，她成为了第一个获此殊荣的黑人女性。A.clarifying分类；B.defending打败；C.winning赢得；D.demanding要求。由下文“the Olympic allaround title, she became the first black woman to do so.”可知，Douglas赢得奥运会全能冠军，故选C。 16．A.followed B．organized C．watched D．led 【解析】　D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：她自始至终领先于竞争对手。A.followed跟随；B.organized组织；C.watched观看；D.led带领、领先。由下文“the competition from beginning to end”可知，比赛过程中，Douglas一直领先于竞争对手，故选D。 17．A.confident B．nervous C．excited D．uneasy 【解析】　A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说她一直坚信自己会赢。A.confident自信的、坚信的；B.nervous紧张的；C.excited兴奋的；D.uneasy不安的。由下文“all along that she would win.”可知，Douglas一直坚信自己会赢，故选A。 18．A.viewed B．appeared C．mattered D．took 【解析】　D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在不久前，女子国家队联络人Martha Karoly还认为Douglas不具备成为奥运选手所需要的条件。A.viewed看待；B.appeared出现；C.mattered重要；D.took需要。由下文“to be an Olympian”可知，此处表示Martha Karoly还认为Douglas不具备成为奥运选手所需要的条件，空处表示“需要”，故选D。 19．A.now and then B．more and more C．far and wide D．on and on 【解析】　B　考查短语辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，她越来越相信自己能够在伦敦奥运会上获胜。A.now and then时不时地；B.more and more越来越多；C.far and wide广泛地；D.on and on不断地。由上文“As time went by”和下文“that she could make the London Games—and win.”可知，随着时间的推移，Douglas越来越相信自己能够赢得伦敦奥运会。故选B。 20．A.shine B．fly C．dance D．score 【解析】　A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我准备好发光了”。A.shine照耀、发光；B.fly飞行；C.dance跳舞；D.score得分。由上文“I'm going to inspire so many people”和“And shine she did.”可知，Douglas认为自己将会激励很多人，即自己会发光，影响到很多人，故选A。 7 (2023·全国甲卷) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer.The first time we ____1____ there, we heard the chug chugchug of a motorbike ____2__ its way down the hill toward us.It was ____3____ called Mario, coming to ____4____ us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine.It was a very nice ____5____ for him to make.But when we looked at the tomatoes, we were ____6__ because they were so misshapen: not at all like the nice, round, ____7__ things you get in a supermarket.And the wine was cloudy, in a funny old bottle with no label (标签) on it.These can't be any ____8__， we thought.But we were ____9__ his kindness, so we __10__ them. What we discovered is that it's ____11__ to judge what you eat only by its ____12____．Those tomatoes had ____13____ that reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child.Nowadays supermarket tomatoes ____14____ perfect but taste of water.Nobody's going to have a ____15____ memory of those.It's a surprise they haven't managed to grow square ones so that they can ____16____ them easily.Mario's wine may have been cloudy and come out of an old bottle, but it was ____17____． It's good to eat things at the correct time, when they're ____18____， and as close as possible to where they were ____19____．What Mario had ____20____ us was the taste of the Garfagnana. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的邻居马里奥给作者一家送了一个盒子，盒子里是自己种的西红柿和酿的酒。刚开始，作者一家因为西红柿畸形的外表和酒的浑浊感到不是很好，但是尝试过后，发现比超市的好，让作者明白仅仅以外表来判断食物是否好吃是不明智的。 1．A.waited B．met C．camped D．stayed 【解析】　D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们第一次住在那里的时候，我们听到了一辆摩托车从山上向我们开过来的嘎吱嘎吱的声音。A.waited等待；B.met遇见；C.camped露营；D.stayed暂住。根据前文“Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer.”可知，作者在当地买了房子，所以是第一次住在那里。故选D。 2．A.making B．searching C．squeezing D．feeling 【解析】　A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们第一次住在那里的时候，我们听到了一辆摩托车从山上向我们开过来的嘎吱嘎吱的声音。A.making使；让；B.searching搜索；C.squeezing挤压；D.feeling感觉。根据后文“coming to__4__ us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine”可知，摩托车是开过来给我们送东西的，所以make one's way复合语境，为固定搭配，意为“前往”。故选A。 3．A.customer B．neighbor C．relative D．passenger 【解析】　B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是邻居马里奥，他给我们带来了一个盒子，里面装着一些西红柿和一瓶酒。A.customer顾客；B.neighbor邻居；C.relative亲戚；D.passenger乘客。根据前文“we heard the chug chugchug of a motorbike__2__its way down the hill toward us”以及最后一句“What Mario had __20__us was the taste of the Garfagnana.”可知，马里奥是从山上下来的，送来了当地的食物，可推测是作者的邻居。故选B。 4．A.lend B．send C．bring D．show 【解析】　C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：那是邻居马里奥，他给我们带来了一个盒子，里面装着一些西红柿和一瓶酒。A.lend借出；B.send发送；C.bring带来；D.show展示。根据后文“It was a very nice__5__for him to make.”可知，马里奥很友好，所以是给作者一家带来一个盒子。故选C。 5．A.choice B．comment C．promise D．gesture 【解析】　D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：他这么做真是太好了。A.choice选择；B.comment议论；C.promise诺言；D.gesture姿态。根据前文“coming to__4__us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine”可知，马里奥给作者一家带来一盒子的西红柿和酒，所以是好的姿态。故选D。 6．A.worried B．moved C．thrilled D．bored 【解析】　A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但当我们看着那些西红柿时，我们是担心的，因为它们是非常畸形的：一点也不像你在超市里买到的那种漂亮的、圆的、闪亮的样子。A.worried担心的；B.moved感动的；C.thrilled兴奋的；D.bored感到厌倦的。根据后文“because they were so misshapen”可知，西红柿是畸形的，所以作者一家很担心是否能吃。故选A。 7．A.simple B．real C．shiny D．fun 【解析】　C　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但当我们看着那些西红柿时，我们是担心的，因为它们是非常畸形的：一点也不像你在超市里买到的那种漂亮的、圆的、闪亮的样子。A.simple简单的；B.real真实的；C.shiny 闪亮的；D.fun有趣的。根据前文“not at all like the nice, round”可知，空处是在形容超市里的西红柿，和前文的“nice, round”并列，结合选项，应是“shiny闪亮的”符合实际。故选C。 8．A.more B．good C．new D．easy 【解析】　B　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们想，这些肯定不好。A.more更多的；B.good好的；C.new新的；D.easy容易的。根据前文“But when we looked at the tomatoes, we were __6__ because they were so misshapen: not at all like the nice, round, __7__ things you get in a supermarket.And the wine was cloudy, in a funny old bottle with no label on it.”可知，马里奥带来的西红柿和酒都不好，因此作者一家认为这些都不可能好。故选B。 9．A.sympathetic to B．thankful for C．cautious about D．interested in 【解析】　B　考查形容词短语辨析。句意：但我们很感谢他的好意，所以我们试了试。A.sympathetic to同情；B.thankful for对……表示感谢；C.cautious about谨慎对待；D.interested in对……感兴趣。根据前文“It was__3__called Mario, coming to__4__us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine.”可知，西红柿和酒是邻居送的，所以应该是很感谢他。故选B。 10．A.tried B．sold C．returned D．mixed 【解析】　A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我们很感谢他的好意，所以我们试了试。A.tried尝试；B.sold出售；C.returned回来；D.mixed混合。根据后文“Those tomatoes had__13__that reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child.”可知，马里奥送的西红柿让作者想起了小时候叔叔种的西红柿，所以推知，他们是尝试了。故选A。 11．A.unnecessary B．uncertain C．unwise D．unusual 【解析】　C　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们发现，仅仅以外表来判断你吃的东西是否好吃是不明智的。A.unnecessary不需要的；B.uncertain无把握；C.unwise不明智的；D.unusual特别的。结合前后文，可知，作者一家刚开始看到马里奥送的西红柿是畸形的，对其感到担心，但是后来发现，它的味道，比超市的西红柿要好，所以此处应是根据外观来判断你吃的东西是否好吃是不明智的。故选C。 12．A.appearance B．quality C．origin D．price 【解析】　A　考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.appearance外观；B.quality质量；C.origin源头；D.price价格。根据前文“we were__6__because they were so misshapen”可知，此处应是通过外观来评判。故选A。 13．A.size B．shape C．color D．taste 【解析】　D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：那些西红柿的味道让我想起了我小时候叔叔种的西红柿。A.size尺寸；B.shape形状；C.color颜色；D.taste味道。根据后文“Nowadays supermarket tomatoes__14__perfect but taste of water.”可知，此处应是用马里奥送的西红柿和超市的西红柿作对比，马里奥送的西红柿外观差，但是味道好，让作者想起了小时候叔叔种的西红柿。故选D。 14．A.smell B．look C．become D．work 【解析】　B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在超市里的西红柿看起来很好，但味道像水。A.smell闻起来；B.look看起来；C.become变成；D.work工作。根据前文“not at all like the nice, round，__7__things you get in a supermarket”可知，超市的西红柿看起来很完美。故选B。 15．A.happy B．vivid C．short D．vague 【解析】　A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有人会对那些有快乐的记忆。A.happy快乐的；B.vivid清晰的；C.short短的；D.vague模糊的。根据前文“Nowadays supermarket tomatoes__14__perfect but taste of water.”可知，超市的西红柿，看起来很好，但是吃起来像水，因此没有人会有快乐的记忆。故选A。 16．A.clean B．check C．count D．pack 【解析】　D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，他们没有设法种植方形的，这样他们就可以方便地包装它们。A.clean打扫；B.check检查；C.count计数；D.pack包装。根据前文“It's a surprise they haven't managed to grow square ones”结合实际，可知方形的易包装。故选D。 17．A.perfect B．useful C．convenient D．familiar 【解析】　A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：马里奥的酒可能是混浊的，而且是从一个旧瓶子里出来的，但它是完美的。A.perfect完美的；B.useful有用的；C.convenient便利的；D.familiar熟悉的。根据前文“Mario's wine may have been cloudy and come out of an old bottle”以及空前的but可知，此处表转折，结合选项，此处应是“马里奥的酒可能是混浊的，而且是从一个旧瓶子里出来的，但它是完美的。”之意，符合实际。故选A。 18．A.on view B．on sale C．in season D．in need 【解析】　C　考查介词短语辨析。句意：在合适的时间，当它们是应季的时候，并且尽可能靠近它们生长的地方，吃东西是好的。A.on view在展出；B.on sale出售；C.in season当令的；D.in need困难中的。根据前文“It's good to eat things at the correct time”可知，在合适的时间，也就是食物应季，当令的时候吃该食物口感是最好的。故选C。 19．A.finished B．stored C．found D．grown 【解析】　D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：在合适的时间，当它们是应季的时候，尽可能靠近它们生长的地方，吃东西是好的。A.finished完成；B.stored贮存；C.found找到；D.grown成长。根据前文“It's good to eat things”以及“as close as possible to where”可知，此处在讲在合适的时间吃东西是好的，根据where推断涉及地点，结合实际，应是在靠近它们生长的地方，摘下来吃，能保持新鲜，是好的，符合题意。故选D。 20．A.cooked B．given C．bought D．told 【解析】　B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：马里奥给我们的是Garfagnana的味道。A.cooked烹饪；B.given给；C.bought买；D.told告诉。根据前文“It was__3__called Mario, coming to__4__us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine.”可知，应该是马里奥给作者一家的。故选B。 8 (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 On Oct.11, hundreds of runners competed in a crosscountry race in Minnesota.Melanie Bailey should have __1__ the course earlier than she did.Her __2__ came because she was carrying a __3__ across the finish line. As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than twothirds of the way through her __4__ when a runner in front of her began crying in pain.She __5__ to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue.Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with __6__．She couldn't.Bailey then __7__ to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get __8__ attention. Once there, Lenoue was __9__ and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees.She would have struggled with extreme __10__ to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey's help. As for Bailey, she is more __11__ about why her act is considered a big __12__．“She was just crying.I couldn't __13__ her，” Bailey told the reporter.“I feel like I was just doing the right thing.” Although the two young women were strangers before the __14__， they've since become friends.Neither won the race, but the __15__ of human kindness won the day. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在明尼苏达州举行的一次越野赛中，Melanie Bailey背着另一个参赛者Danielle Lenoue过终点线并接受医疗检查的善行义举。 1．A.designed B．followed C．changed D．finished 【解析】　D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛。A.designed设计；B.followed跟随；C.changed改变；D.finished完成。根据下一段的“carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get ____8__ attention”可知，Bailey在比赛中背一名参赛者，所以完成比赛晚了，因此句子表示“Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛”。故选D。 2．A.delay B．chance C．trouble D．excuse 【解析】　A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。A.delay延误；B.chance机会；C.trouble麻烦；D.excuse借口。根据上文“Melanie Bailey should have __1__ the course earlier than she did.”和上一题的解析可知，Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛，她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。故选A。 3．A.judge B．volunteer C．classmate D．competitor 【解析】　D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。A.judge裁判；B.volunteer志愿者；C.classmate同学；D.competitor参赛者。根据第一段的“hundreds of runners competed in a crosscountry race”可知，她是背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。故选D。 4．A.race B．school C．town D．training 【解析】　A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：据当地一家报纸报道，当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候，她前面的一名选手开始痛苦地哭泣。A.race比赛；B.school学校；C.town城镇；D.training训练。根据第一段的“hundreds of runners competed in a crosscountry race”可知，此处是说“当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候”。故选A。 5．A.agreed B．returned C．stopped D．promised 【解析】　C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：她停下来帮助她同伴Danielle Lenoue。A.agreed同意；B.returned回来；C.stopped停止；D.promised答应。根据下文“to help her fellow runner”可知，她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。故选C。 6．A.courage B．aid C．patience D．advice 【解析】　B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bailey扶着她的胳膊，看看她能否在帮助下向前走。A.courage勇气；B.aid帮助；C.patience 耐心；D.advice建议。根据上文“Bailey took her arm”可知，此处表示看她是否能在她的帮助下向前走。故选B。 7．A.went away B．stood up C．stepped aside D．bent down 【解析】　D　考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A.went away离开； B．stood up站起来；C.stepped aside让路；D.bent down弯腰。根据下文“let Lenoue climb onto her back”可知，Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上。故选D。 8．A.medical B．public C．constant D．equal 【解析】　A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A.medical医疗的；B.public公众的；C.constant 持续不断的；D.equal平等的。根据上文“began crying in pain”可知，Danielle Lenoue很疼，所以是要接受治疗，medical attention意为“医疗救助”。故选A。 9．A.interrupted B．assessed C．identified D．appreciated 【解析】　B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lenoue在那里接受了检查，后来被送往医院，在那里她得知自己的一个膝盖受了重伤。A.interrupted打断；B.assessed评估；C.identified识别；D.appreciated感激。根据下文“later taken to a hospital”可知，她是先接受了检查，再被送往医院，也就是先接受评估。故选B。 10．A.hunger B．pain C．cold D．tiredness 【解析】　B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站。A.hunger 饥饿；B.pain疼痛；C.cold感冒；D.tiredness疲劳。根据第5空前的“began crying in pain”可知，此处表示“如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站”。故选B。 11．A.worried B．ashamed C．confused D．discouraged 【解析】　C　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A.worried担心的；B.ashamed惭愧的；C.confused困惑的；D.discouraged泄气的。根据下文“‘I feel like I was just doing the right thing’．”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑。故选C。 12．A.game B．problem C．lesson D．deal 【解析】　D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A.game游戏；B.problem问题；C.lesson课；D.deal交易，局面。根据下文“‘I feel like I was just doing the right thing’．”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑，a big deal意为“非常重要的事”。故选D。 13．A.leave B．cure C．bother D．understand 【解析】　A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不能离开她。A.leave离开；B.cure治愈；C.bother打扰；D.understand理解。根据上文“‘She was just crying’．”以及Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺。可知，Bailey看见Lenoue哭喊，所以觉得不能离开她。故选A。 14．A.ride B．test C．meet D．show 【解析】　C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人，但后来她们成了朋友。A.ride短途旅程；B.test测试；C.meet体育比赛；D.show展示。根据第一段“hundreds of runners competed in a crosscountry race”及空前的“the two young women were strangers before”可知，当时是一场比赛，句子表示“这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人”。故选C。 15．A.secret B．display C．benefit D．exchange 【解析】　B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：两人都没有赢得比赛，但展示出的人类善良赢得了胜利。A.secret秘密；B.display展示；C.benefit利益；D.exchange交换。根据第二段的“let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get __8__ attention”可知，Bailey背着一个参赛者过终点，并背她去接受检查，这展示了人类的善良。故选B。 9 (2023·新高考Ⅱ卷) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In April last year, I saw a post on the PNP (Pilots N Paws) website from a family in Topeka.They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight ____1__．They could not afford to pay for ____2____ for their dog, Tiffy, and ____3____ wanted to take her with them. It just ____4____ that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who ____5__ to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia.What I was to do was fly to Topeka to ____6____ Tiffy. When I met Tiffy's owners, they seemed very ____7____．George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was ____8__ for him, having to leave his dog to a ____9____ and trust that everything would __10__． After some goodbyes, I asked George and his wife to help me __11__ Tiffy into the plane.I promised to take care of Tiffy and __12__them as soon as we got to Kansas City. The flight was __13__， and Tiffy was a great passenger.The next day, she __14__ with Karen and made it back to George in Virginia within a few days.He was so __15__ and sent me a nice email with pictures.It felt great to know that I had helped bring this family together again. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过Pilots N Paws网站帮助一家搬家的人将他们的狗接到另一个城市的过程。作者和另一位飞行员一起完成了这次任务，最终成功将这只狗带回到了它的主人身边。 1．A.turn B．budget C．schedule D．connection 【解析】　B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们不得不搬到弗吉尼亚，但他们的预算非常紧张。A.turn转折点；B.budget预算；C.schedule 时间表；D.connection联系。根据“They could not afford to pay for __2__ for their dog, Tiffy，”可知，这个家庭的预算非常紧张。故选B。 2．A.food B．shelter C．medicine D．transportation 【解析】　D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费，又非常想带她一起走。A.food食物；B.shelter庇护；C.medicine药；D.transportation交通。根据“They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight __1__ .”及下文可知，这个家庭的预算非常紧张，所以付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费。故选D。 3．A.desperately B．temporarily C．secretly D．originally 【解析】　A　考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。 A．desperately非常、拼命地；B.temporarily暂时地；C.secretly秘密地；D.originally起初。根据“wanted to take her with them”可知，这家人非常想把狗一起带走。故选A。 4．A.appeared B．proved C．happened D．showed 【解析】　C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen正在计划另一次PNP飞行，他主动提出要把Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A.appeared出现；B.proved 证明；C.happened碰巧；D.showed展示。根据“I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen，”可知，碰巧的是作者和另一名飞行员正在计划另一次PNP飞行。故选C。 5．A.waited B．offered C．hurried D．failed 【解析】　B　考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.waited等待；B.offered 提供、主动提出；C.hurried匆忙；D.failed失败。根据“to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia”可知，Karen主动提出帮忙把狗Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。故选B。 6．A.see off B．look for C．hand over D．pick up 【解析】　D　考查动词短语辨析。句意：我要做的就是飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。A.see off为……送行；B.look for寻找；C.hand over移交；D.pick up接载。根据“What I was to do was fly to Topeka”和常识可知，作者需要飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。故选D。 7．A.confused B．nervous C．annoyed D．curious 【解析】　B　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我见到Tiffy的主人时，他们看起来很紧张。A.confused困惑的；B.nervous紧张的；C.annoyed恼怒的；D.curious好奇的。根据“George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was ____8__ for him, having to leave his dog to a __9__ and trust that everything would ____10__．”可知，这家人看起来有点紧张和不安。故选B。 8．A.hard B．fine C．common D．lucky 【解析】　A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：丈夫George试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A.hard困难的；B.fine好的；C.common常见的；D.lucky幸运的。根据上文“was trying to be calm”以及下文“having to leave his dog to a ____9__ and trust that everything would ____10__”可推知，此处指把狗留给一个陌生人对主人来说很难。故选A。 9．A.coworker B．passenger C．stranger D．neighbor 【解析】　C　考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.coworker合作者；B.passenger乘客；C.stranger陌生人；D.neighbor邻居。根据“George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was __8__ for him，”可知，要把狗留给一个陌生人。故选C。 10．A.speed up B．work out C．come back D．take off 【解析】　B　考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A.speed up加速；B.work out解决；C.come back回来；D.take off起飞。根据“George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was ____8__ for him，”可知，让狗的主人George相信一个陌生人一切都会解决好，对他来说很难。故选B。 11．A.feed B．follow C．change D．load 【解析】　D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：道别之后，我让George和他的妻子帮我把Tiffy送上飞机。A.feed喂养；B.follow跟随；C.change改变；D.load装载。load into装入。根据“Tiffy into the plane”可知，作者让George和他的妻子帮忙把Tiffy装入飞机。故选D。 12．A.call B．join C．leave D．serve 【解析】　A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：我答应过会照顾好Tiffy，一到堪萨斯城就给他们打电话。A.call打电话；B.join加入；C.leave离开；D.serve服务。根据“as soon as we got to Kansas City”可知，作者承诺一到堪萨斯城就给他们打电话。故选A。 13．A.unnecessary B．unexpected C．unavoidable D．uneventful 【解析】　D　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次飞行平安无事，Tiffy是个很棒的乘客。A.unnecessary没有必要的；B.unexpected意想不到的；C.unavoidable不可避免的；D.uneventful太平无事的。根据“and Tiffy was a great passenger”可知，这次飞行一切都平安无事。故选D。 14．A.returned B．fought C．flew D．agreed 【解析】　C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，她和Karen一起坐飞机，几天后就回到了弗吉尼亚州的George那里。 A.returned 返回；B.fought打仗；C.flew飞；D.agreed同意。根据“It just __4__ that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who __5__ to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia.”可知，Karen带狗Tiffy飞往弗吉尼亚州。故选C。 15．A.thankful B．generous C．proud D．sympathetic 【解析】　A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他非常感激，给我发了一封很漂亮的电子邮件，并附上了照片。A.thankful感激的；B.generous慷慨的；C.proud骄傲的；D.sympathetic同情的。通读全文，再根据“and sent me a nice email with pictures”可推知，此处指对于作者的帮忙，George非常感激。故选A。 10 (2023·浙江高考) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The sun was beginning to sink as I set off into the Harenna Forest.I was on my way to __1__ a unique honey harvest.Here, in southeast Ethiopia, handcarved beehives(蜂箱)are placed in the __2__．Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often __3__． I __4__ beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle.Ziyad began preparations.He __5__ handfuls of damp tree leaves, wrapped them with string, and __6__ the bunch to create a torch(火把).Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree, Ziyad began __7__．He stopped every few minutes to move the __8__ higher up the tree trunk. __9__， Ziyad got close to the hive which was around 20 metres above the ground.Sitting on a branch, he __10__ towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive.Suddenly, Ziyad let out a sharp cry.Within seconds, he'd __11__ the trunk and was back on the ground. It was too __12__ to collect the honey.A cool summer had delayed __13__．Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢).The adult bees were __14__ and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree.He had to wait for the right __15__ to go back up. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者跟随埃塞俄比亚坚持传统养蜂技艺的Ziyad，进行的一次独特的采蜜经历。 1．A.share B．collect C．celebrate D．witness 【解析】　D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：我此行是见证一次独特的采蜜行动。A.share分享；B.collect收集；C.celebrate庆祝；D.witness 见证；目睹。根据下文“I __4__ beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle.”可知，作者是跟随经验丰富的养蜂人Ziyad见证埃塞俄比亚传统的采蜜方式。故选D。 2．A.courtyards B．fields C．treetops D．caves 【解析】　C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：在埃塞俄比亚东南部，手工制作的蜂箱被放在树顶。A.courtyards庭院；B.fields田野；领域；C.treetops树顶；D.caves洞穴。根据下文“higher up the tree trunk”可知，手工制作的蜂箱是放在树顶高处。故选C。 3．A.urgent B．dangerous C．expensive D．pointless 【解析】　B　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：靠近树顶的蜂箱采蜜是很困难的，而且相当危险。A.urgent紧急的；B.dangerous危险的；C.expensive昂贵的；D.pointless毫无意义的。根据“The adult bees were __14__ and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree.”可知，采摘蜂蜜可能会招致蜂群持续不断的攻击，这是很危险的。故选B。 4．A.searched B．recognised C．followed D．invited 【解析】　C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跟随着养蜂人走过一片广阔的草地，进入茂密的丛林。A.searched搜索；B.recognised认出；C.followed跟随；D.invited邀请。根据前文“I was on my way to __1__ a unique honey harvest.”可知，作者此行是为了跟随经验丰富的养蜂人，近距离观察Ziyad如何采蜜。故选C。 5．A.gathered B．cleaned C．dropped D．checked 【解析】　A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶，用细绳把它们包裹起来，最后点燃这捆树叶当火把。A.gathered聚集、采集；B.cleaned清除；C.dropped掉落；D.checked检查。根据下文“handfuls of damp tree leaves”可知，此处指Ziyad从丛林各处，收集一些潮湿的树叶。故选A。 6．A.shook B．lit C．measured D．decorated 【解析】　B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶，用线把它们包裹起来，最后点燃这捆树叶当火把。A.shook摇晃；B.lit点燃；点亮；C.measured测量；D.decorated装饰。根据后文“to create a torch”可知，此空格处指点燃用细绳捆扎的树叶当火把。故选B。 7．A.jumping B．talking C．testing D．climbing 【解析】　D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，将绳子的一头拴在腰间，另一头则缠绕在一棵大树的树干上。然后Ziyad开始向上攀爬。A.jumping跳；B.talking谈话；C.testing测试；D.climbing攀爬。根据“higher up the tree trunk”可知，Ziyad要向上爬到树顶，才能采集到蜂蜜。故选D。 8．A.hives B．leaves C．rope D．honey 【解析】　C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：他每过一会儿就停下调整绳索位置，继续向上攀爬。A.hives蜂房；B.leaves树叶；C.rope绳索；D.honey蜂蜜。根据“Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree，”可知，Ziyad是通过不断调整绳索的位置，保证自己安全灵活地向上攀爬。故选C。 9．A.Finally B．Surprisingly C．Naturally D．Immediately 【解析】　A　考查副词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad最终到达了蜂巢。那儿距离地面大概有20米高。A.Finally最终；B.Surprisingly令人意外地；C.Naturally自然地；D.Immediately立刻。根据上文“He stopped every few minutes to move the __8__ higher up the tree trunk.”可知，身手矫健的Ziyad借助绳索不断向上攀爬，终于到达树顶放置蜂巢的位置。故选A。 10．A.backed B．dived C．shouted D．inched 【解析】　D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad坐在一节树枝上，小心翼翼地将火把靠近蜂巢，对准火把，将烟吹入蜂巢的一个小孔里。A.backed支持；B.dived跳水；C.shouted对……大声喊叫；D.inched缓慢移动。根据上文“Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often __3__．”可知，采集蜂蜜是困难且危险的工作，这要求采蜜的人经验丰富，动作、节奏快慢结合，此处指Ziyad小心翼翼地将火把凑近蜂巢，将烟吹入蜂巢中。故选D。 11．A.cut off B．gone up C．slid down D．held onto 【解析】　C　考查动词短语辨析。句意：几秒钟过后，他就从树干滑下，重新回到地面。A.cut off切除；B.gone up上升；C.slid down滑下；D.held onto抓牢。根据前文“Ziyad got close to the hive which was around 20 metres above the ground.”和后文“was back on the ground”可知，Ziyad是从树顶滑下，回到地面。故选C。 12．A.high B．early C．fast D．close 【解析】　B　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在采集蜂蜜还为时尚早。A.high高的；B.early早的；C.fast快速的；D.close亲近的。根据下文“A cool summer had delayed ____13__．Baby bees were still in the honeycombs.”可知，现在蜜蜂幼虫尚未成年，蜂蜜酿造完成还需要一段时日。故选B。 13．A.hatching B．training C．sowing D．trading 【解析】　A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：夏天凉爽的温度延误了幼虫孵化。A.hatching孵化；B.training培训；C.sowing播种；D.trading与……作交易；交换。根据“Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢).”可知，此时蜜蜂宝宝较以往孵化时间更晚，尚未成年。故选A。 14．A.curious B．hungry C．bored D．angry 【解析】　D　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad从树上逃离之时，成年蜂群被激怒了，持续不断地攻击他。A.curious好奇的；B.hungry饥饿的；C.bored无聊的；D.angry 生气的。根据下文“kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree”可知，蜜蜂被外来侵入者激怒，不停地攻击Ziyad。故选D。 15．A.moment B．equipment C．person D．order 【解析】　A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：他需要等待合适的时刻，再次爬上树顶采摘蜂蜜。A.moment时刻；B.equipment设备；C.person个人；D.order点餐；命令。根据上文“A cool summer had delayed __13__．Baby bees were still in the honeycombs.”可知，蜂蜜尚未形成，Ziyad只好另待时机，等幼虫变成成年蜂后，再来采蜜。故选A。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $